EP4139631A1 - Procédé et dispositif de détermination de centres d'un arbre creux monté rotatif en tant que pièce dans une machine-outil - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de détermination de centres d'un arbre creux monté rotatif en tant que pièce dans une machine-outil

Info

Publication number
EP4139631A1
EP4139631A1 EP21743033.9A EP21743033A EP4139631A1 EP 4139631 A1 EP4139631 A1 EP 4139631A1 EP 21743033 A EP21743033 A EP 21743033A EP 4139631 A1 EP4139631 A1 EP 4139631A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow shaft
axis
workpiece
rotation
calculated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21743033.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Reinhard Robotta
Moritz Halle
Klaus KRÄHER
Hans J. Naumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nsh Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Niles Simmons Industrieanlagen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Niles Simmons Industrieanlagen GmbH filed Critical Niles Simmons Industrieanlagen GmbH
Publication of EP4139631A1 publication Critical patent/EP4139631A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B7/31—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring diameters
    • G01B7/13—Internal diameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B7/281—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring contour or curvature along an axis, e.g. axial curvature of a pipeline or along a series of feeder rollers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a technical solution for determining centers and the spatial course of these centers of a hollow shaft rotatably clamped as a workpiece in a machine tool, which is machined at least in sections on its outer surface.
  • EP 2 527 084 A2 proposes, in order to reduce imbalances, that hollow shafts to be machined are first optically scanned in sections and that, on the basis of these optically recorded values, centers of gravity or imbalances are calculated in sections. These points or sections are then milled off in a targeted manner in order to achieve a largely optimal concentricity of the hollow shaft for later use.
  • WO 2012/100 278 A1 a method for reducing the eccentricity of the inner to the outer surface of a hollow workpiece rotatably clamped in a machine tool is known.
  • a user-friendly and quick method for measuring the wall thickness of a workpiece with the aid of an ultrasonic measuring device is described here.
  • the procedure is carried out in a touching manner (tactile) or with the aid of a carrier medium for sound transmission. It is described that the method is carried out on the outer surface in the circumferential direction or also preferably in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece.
  • measurement data are recorded with which at least one, in this case two partial areas are generated, preferably by axis-parallel rotary milling.
  • the workpiece is clamped in a new clamping, but rotated by 180 degrees, which requires manual operator action or automation and is not explicitly described.
  • the wall thickness determined by the ultrasonic method is subject to the influence of the outer and inner contour and thus also of the clamping device used. Operator action is required during the process.
  • a tool which takes into account the deviation of the actual axis of rotation from the target axis of rotation of a workpiece by infeed of the tool with the aid of sensor measurement data.
  • the sensor measurement data are recorded by at least two rotating measuring devices of known form. These measuring devices are each attached to the end face of the full workpiece and each have an annular and an at least partially spherical known shape. Measurement data are recorded by several inductively working sensors, with the aid of which existing form and position deviations are improved or reduced by machining with a geometrically defined cutting edge, to the highest geometrical Requirements to meet.
  • the processing method used is not described further. The process requires workpiece preparation on the workpiece face with the measuring equipment to be used.
  • the sensors are aligned with the workpiece through an opening in the clamping device or starting from a tailstock.
  • the object of the invention is to create a new technical solution for determining centers and the spatial course of these centers of a hollow shaft rotatably clamped as a workpiece in a machine tool using methods other than ultrasound.
  • this object is achieved by initially using at least one sensor working according to the eddy current principle at at least two defined axial positions in defined angular relative positions between the axis of rotation of the sensor and the axis of rotation of the hollow shaft over at least one full angle of the workpiece contour without contacting the radial distances between the sensor and the Workpiece contour are recorded. Then a vector is formed from polar coordinates with the values angle and radius with radial distances by offsetting any constant radius to the recorded radial distances, which is converted into Cartesian coordinates. A geometric workpiece center point that can be assigned to the corresponding axial position of the hollow shaft is calculated by averaging.
  • a spatial center axis is calculated by means of a regression analysis, which axis approximates the workpiece center points.
  • any number of diameters concentric to the center axis is calculated, with which new clamping seats are machined for the hollow shaft, which newly define the axis of rotation of the hollow shaft and concentric to the center axis.
  • the radial distances at at least two defined axial positions along the axis of rotation of the hollow shaft can be recorded one after the other with a sensor. Alternatively, it is also possible that these radial distances are detected with at least two sensors at the same time or one after the other.
  • a device that is permanently or interchangeably arranged in the work space of a machine tool with the help of a bracket on a tool carrier and carries one or more sensors working according to the eddy current principle in the same or defined different alignment and design and via at least one machine axis of the Tool carrier in the work area free is positionable.
  • a method and a device become available which, by using the eddy current principle, enable non-contact measurement in a large measuring range.
  • the drilling centers are thus measured by means of a distance measurement using eddy current technology. Based on the calculation with a virtual diameter, the centers are determined independently of the specific diameter, with inner contours being measured.
  • the vibration-reducing components ensure a high level of measurement accuracy even with long workpieces to be measured.
  • clamping seats and lunette seats that are precisely positioned (spatially) can be created on hollow shafts and similar workpieces, which are used for a new clamping of the workpiece in an optimal spatial orientation for subsequent machining.
  • a technical solution for generating clamping seats for a new clamping of a workpiece rotatably clamped in a machine tool with a free contour section in the interior of the workpiece, which is machined at least in sections on its outer surface, the center axis being calculated using the proposed method and the new clamping seats are made with the proposed device.
  • the measuring process as well as the subsequent machining process for the production of the new clamping seats is carried out in an unattended procedure.
  • 1a shows the basic structure with a representation of the operative connection of the assemblies during the measurement
  • FIG. 1b a representation of the operative connection of the assemblies when milling new clamping seats concentric to the calculated center axis
  • Fig. 1c an illustration of the operative connection of the assemblies when lining out the hollow shaft
  • Fig. 1d an illustration of the operative connection of the assemblies when milling and turning new clamping seats for further processing
  • 1e a representation of the operative connection of the assemblies in a new clamping situation
  • FIG. 2 the basic structure of the device for measured value acquisition;
  • the device-related arrangement shown in the drawing is designed to carry out a method for determining centers and the spatial course of these centers of a workpiece rotatably clamped in a machine tool with a free contour section in the interior, preferably a hollow shaft, which is machined at least in sections on its outer surface.
  • the workpiece designed as a hollow shaft 4 is clamped with an end section in a clamping means designed as a chuck 2.
  • the hollow shaft 4 is supported with its outer surface in at least one further clamping means.
  • the support does not take place in just one further clamping device, but in two further clamping devices designed as steady rests 5.
  • the hollow shaft 4 rotates about the workpiece rotation axis 1. The direction of rotation is shown with a stylized arrow.
  • the workpiece contour 13 does not have a concentric course. Rather, the outer contour and the inner contour of the hollow shaft 4 run eccentrically to one another. So that correct machining is nevertheless possible, centers are first determined for the hollow interior of the hollow shaft 4.
  • a device 9 shown on the right in FIG. 1 a is provided for this purpose, the basic structure of which can be seen again separately from FIG. 2.
  • the device 9 is arranged in the working space of a machine tool (not shown here) with the aid of a holder 14 on a tool carrier 8. Both a fixed and an exchangeable arrangement are possible, the exchangeable variant being advantageous due to the possible use of cassettes.
  • the machine axes of the tool carrier 8 are shown with two stylized arrows 10.
  • At least one sensor 6 operating according to the eddy current principle is arranged on the device 9.
  • the axis of rotation related to the sensor 6 is marked with the reference symbol 12. However, the sensor 6 itself does not rotate about this axis of rotation 12.
  • the device 9 is equipped with several sensors 6, sensors 6 of the same or different designs can be provided for this purpose.
  • the multiple sensors 6 can be arranged in the same or in a defined different orientation. Regardless of the specific number, design and orientation, each sensor 6 can be freely positioned via at least one machine axis 10 of the tool carrier 8 in the working space of the machine tool. In the illustrated embodiment, only one sensor 6 is provided.
  • the radial distances between the sensor 6 and the workpiece contour 13 are recorded at at least two defined axial positions 7.
  • FIG. 1 a three positions in this regard are shown, the sensor 6 being located here by way of example at the central axial position 7.
  • the contactless detection of the radial distances takes place in defined angular relative positions between the axis of rotation 12 of the sensor 6 and the axis of rotation 1 of the workpiece 4 over at least one full angle of the workpiece contour 13.
  • the radial distances at at least two defined axial positions 7 along the axis of rotation 1 of the hollow shaft 4 are recorded one after the other. If, on the other hand, a plurality of sensors 6 are present, the radial distances are either also recorded successively in time or advantageously simultaneously.
  • a qualitatively good recording of measured values is achieved if the device 9 is assigned additional vibration-reducing components.
  • several disk-like components 15 are structurally integrated in the interior of the device 9 for this purpose. These components 15 each have an elastic component in the circumferential direction, which is braced radially with the device 9.
  • the vibration-reducing components 15 also have centrically and / or eccentrically arranged openings 16 for the axial passage and fastening of cables and lines.
  • at least one vibration-reducing component 15 is rigidly connected to at least one adjacent vibration-reducing component 15 and is fastened to the holder 14 for the tool carrier 8.
  • the at least one sensor 6 rotating about the axis of rotation 12 carries out very exact movements without deflections that impair the measurement.
  • the device 9 can be further developed in order to achieve a largely optimal adaptation for specific application requirements in each case.
  • the device 9 for hollow shafts 4 with long cavities can be arranged on an extendable sensor carrier.
  • the energy required to operate the device 9 can be supplied in a contactless or wired manner.
  • a contactless energy supply is designed, for example, as an inductive power supply.
  • the measurement data acquired by means of the device 9 can be transmitted in a contactless or wired manner to a computing unit, with which the measurement data can be transmitted to a further computing unit of a controller of the assigned machine tool.
  • a vector is formed from polar coordinates with the values angle and radius with radial distances by offsetting any constant radius to the recorded radial distances.
  • This vector is converted into Cartesian coordinates and a geometric workpiece center point that can be assigned to the corresponding axial position 7 of the hollow shaft 4 is calculated by averaging.
  • a spatial center axis 3 which approaches the workpiece center points, is calculated by means of a regression analysis.
  • any number of diameters concentric to the center axis 3 are calculated.
  • Each new clamping seat 24 is preferably produced with a turning / drilling / milling unit 20 by a milling tool 21 assigned in each case.
  • the axes of travel of the turning / drilling / milling units 20 are each shown with two stylized arrows 19.
  • the tool carrier 8 comprises a rotatable clamping means 17, which is designed to be optionally drivable and lockable.
  • the clamping means 17 is designed for an inner or outer mounting of the hollow shaft 4 and can be operated manually or automatically.
  • the clamping means 17 can be freely positioned in the working space of the machine tool via at least one machine axis 10 of the tool carrier 8. 4 shows this device-related structure again separately.
  • the hollow shaft 4 is released from the clamping means configured as a chuck 2 and is attached to the new clamping seats via the steady rest 5 shown on the left and the clamping means 17 supported on the tool carrier 8.
  • the clamping means 17 rotates about an axis of rotation 18, so that the hollow shaft 4 also executes a rotating movement.
  • workpiece rotation axis 1, center axis 3 and clamping means rotation axis 18 are congruent on top of one another.
  • FIG. 1d The hollow shaft 4 is further released from the clamping means designed as a chuck 2 and supported by the steady rest 5 shown on the left and the clamping means 17.
  • the turning / drilling / milling units 20 already explained for FIG. 1b are used for the machining. Instead of two milling tools 21, one milling tool and one turning tool 22 are now used, for example.
  • Fig. 1e the clamping situation after the milling and turning of the new clamping seats 24 is shown.
  • the hollow shaft 4 is now again clamped in the clamping means configured as a chuck 2 and rotates about the workpiece rotation axis 1, which runs congruently with the calculated center axis 3.
  • the outer surface of the hollow shaft 4 is supported in the steady rest 5 shown on the right, but not in the steady rest 5 shown on the left.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une solution technique pour déterminer des centres et le profil spatial des centres d'un arbre creux monté rotatif en tant que pièce dans une machine-outil, ledit arbre creux étant usiné au moins par endroits par enlèvement de copeaux au niveau de sa surface extérieure. L'invention a pour but de fournir une solution technique correspondante en utilisant des procédés autres que les ultrasons. A cet effet, on utilise un capteur fonctionnant selon le principe des courants de Foucault, les caractéristiques techniques du procédé et du dispositif étant décrites dans le descriptif.
EP21743033.9A 2020-04-22 2021-04-08 Procédé et dispositif de détermination de centres d'un arbre creux monté rotatif en tant que pièce dans une machine-outil Pending EP4139631A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020002421.1A DE102020002421A1 (de) 2020-04-22 2020-04-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Zentren eines in einer Werkzeugmaschine drehbar eingespannten Werkstückes mit einem freien Konturabschnitt im Innenraum
PCT/DE2021/000071 WO2021213564A1 (fr) 2020-04-22 2021-04-08 Procédé et dispositif de détermination de centres d'un arbre creux monté rotatif en tant que pièce dans une machine-outil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4139631A1 true EP4139631A1 (fr) 2023-03-01

Family

ID=76971579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21743033.9A Pending EP4139631A1 (fr) 2020-04-22 2021-04-08 Procédé et dispositif de détermination de centres d'un arbre creux monté rotatif en tant que pièce dans une machine-outil

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20230152079A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4139631A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115552197A (fr)
CA (1) CA3176322A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020002421A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021213564A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19958373A1 (de) 1999-12-06 2001-06-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur formoptimierenden Bearbeitung einer Gasflasche
AT511195B1 (de) 2011-01-28 2012-10-15 Wfl Millturn Tech Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur verringerung der exzentrizität der innen- zur aussenfläche
DE102011050654A1 (de) 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh Verfahren zum Zentrieren und Anlage dafür
AT511744B1 (de) 2011-08-08 2014-04-15 Wfl Millturn Tech Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung und verfahren zum bearbeiten eines werkstücks
JP7087885B2 (ja) * 2018-09-27 2022-06-21 日立金属株式会社 計測システムおよび穴付きシャフトの製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2021213564A1 (fr) 2021-10-28
US20230152079A1 (en) 2023-05-18
CN115552197A (zh) 2022-12-30
CA3176322A1 (fr) 2021-10-28
DE102020002421A1 (de) 2021-10-28

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