EP4139602B1 - Free-standing casing suitable for supporting and thermally insulating a sealed membrane - Google Patents
Free-standing casing suitable for supporting and thermally insulating a sealed membrane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4139602B1 EP4139602B1 EP21724626.3A EP21724626A EP4139602B1 EP 4139602 B1 EP4139602 B1 EP 4139602B1 EP 21724626 A EP21724626 A EP 21724626A EP 4139602 B1 EP4139602 B1 EP 4139602B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- groove
- case
- supporting
- tank
- cover panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001639412 Verres Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
- F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/16—Shells
- B63B3/20—Shells of double type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/011—Improving strength
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks integrated into a supporting structure to contain a fluid, in particular to membrane tanks for containing liquefied gases, in particular combustible gases.
- the invention also relates to self-supporting wooden boxes suitable for supporting and thermally insulating the membranes of such tanks.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
- the tank may be intended for transporting liquefied gas or for receiving liquefied gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
- this self-supporting box is used to create a primary thermally insulating barrier supporting a primary waterproof membrane.
- the primary waterproof membrane is welded to a weld backing which forms a slip joint with a tack strip stapled into the groove.
- the longitudinal groove passes through the two boards of the cover panel and the upper part of the underlying load-bearing partition between two rows of staples.
- a secondary self-supporting body which has a simple grooved cover plate with grooves having a T-shaped section to receive a weld support in the form of a wing folded at right angles.
- FR-A-2867831 there is no load-bearing partition directly above the groove.
- WO-A-8909909 the cover plate is attached to an underlying load-bearing partition by screws housed at the bottom of the groove.
- An aim of the invention is to propose a resistant self-supporting body to be able to be used to create a primary insulating barrier in a tank, capable of being subjected to dynamic pressures and impacts due to the swaying of the cargo.
- Another aim of the invention is to allow the use of a welding support in the form of a wing folded at right angles also in a primary waterproof membrane, for example with a view to simplifying or standardizing welding procedures. manufacturing and reduce parts inventory.
- the invention provides a aforementioned self-supporting box, characterized in that the groove has a section comprising, successively in a direction of thickness of the upper plate, a wider bottom part and a narrower mouth part , and that the upper surface of the supporting partition is wider than the bottom part of the groove, the fasteners being engaged in an area of the lower plate offset laterally relative to the bottom part of the groove.
- the fasteners engaged in the lower plate to attach the supporting partition to the cover panel do not weaken the cover panel. cover directly above the groove. This arrangement therefore makes it possible to reliably fix the supporting partition while presenting increased mechanical resistance of the cover panel compared to a box of the prior art.
- such a self-supporting body may include one or more of the following arrangements.
- the groove is provided only in the upper plate of the cover panel.
- the clips attach the load-bearing partition to the cover panel independently of the top plate.
- the upper plate of the cover panel is not weakened by the presence of the fasteners.
- the groove has a T-shaped section, in which the bottom part of the groove corresponds to the horizontal bar of the T and the mouth part corresponds to the vertical bar of the T.
- the bottom part of the groove has a width of between 20 and 30 mm.
- a gap between the width of the bottom part of the groove and the width of the upper surface of the supporting partition is greater than 10mm.
- a median line of the bottom part of the groove is located directly above a median plane of the supporting partition.
- the fasteners are arranged on either side of a median plane of the supporting partition.
- the load-bearing partition is made of wood, plywood or composite.
- the supporting partition has a uniform width wider than the bottom part of the groove.
- the internal partition has an upper flange arranged parallel against the lower plate and a central portion arranged under the upper flange, the upper flange being wider than the bottom part of the groove, the central portion having a width equal to or narrower than the bottom part of the groove.
- the load-bearing partition has a multilayer structure in a width direction, the multilayer structure comprising a core of insulating material and two side plates more rigid than the insulating material, the fasteners being engaged in the side plates.
- the insulating material is selected from polymer foams, in particular polyurethane foam, mineral fibers, in particular glass wool, wadding and expanded polystyrene.
- two parallel grooves are provided in the cover panel and a respective internal partition extends directly above each groove.
- the body has the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
- the invention also provides a waterproof and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, said tank comprising a tank wall fixed to a supporting wall, in which the tank wall comprises, in the direction of thickness from the outside towards the inside of said tank, a secondary insulating barrier retained on said supporting wall, a secondary waterproof membrane retained on said secondary insulating barrier, a barrier primary insulating membrane retained on said secondary waterproof membrane and a primary waterproof membrane retained on said primary insulating barrier, characterized in that said primary insulating barrier is essentially made up of the aforementioned boxes, juxtaposed and filled with a heat-insulating lining, the primary waterproof membrane being retained on the cover panels of said boxes by welding supports inserted in said grooves.
- the fluid is a liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied ethylene.
- a liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied ethylene.
- Such a tank can be part of a land storage installation, a storage installation placed on a seabed, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG ship, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and offshore storage unit (FPSO) and others.
- FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
- FPSO floating production and offshore storage unit
- a vessel for transporting a fluid comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank placed in the double hull.
- the double shell comprises an internal shell forming the supporting wall of the tank.
- the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank of the ship.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or land storage installation and a pump for driving fluid through the insulated pipelines to or from the floating or land-based storage facility to or from the vessel tank.
- the tank wall 1 can be part of a tank having different geometries, for example a polyhedral shape.
- There [ Fig.1 ] represents the tank wall 1 seen in perspective from above with a cutaway to show the structure of this wall.
- Such a structure can be implemented on extended surfaces having various orientations, for example to cover the bottom, ceiling and side walls of a polyhedral tank.
- the orientation of the [ Fig.1 ] is therefore not limiting in this regard.
- the tank wall 1 is successively composed in its thickness of a secondary insulating barrier 3 which is formed of boxes juxtaposed on the supporting wall 2 and retained thereon by secondary retaining members; then a secondary waterproof membrane 4 carried by secondary insulating barrier 3; then a primary insulating barrier formed of boxes 5 juxtaposed and retained on the secondary waterproof membrane 4 by primary retaining members themselves fixed to the secondary retaining members 4 and, finally, a primary waterproof membrane 6 carried by the boxes 5.
- Secondary and primary retaining members are for example described in FR-A-2798902 .
- the primary waterproof membrane 6 may consist of a continuous layer of strakes 10 made of steel with a high nickel content, for example 37%, known under the name of invar, whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1.2.10 - 6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 . He is also possible to use iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7 to 9.10 -6 K -1 .
- the strakes 10 are welded in a watertight manner by their raised side edges on parallel weld supports 8 retained in the grooves of the cover panels 7 of the boxes 5.
- the secondary waterproof membrane 4 can be produced identically, as illustrated in [ Fig.1 ], or differently.
- the number 9 designates a groove for receiving a welding support for the secondary waterproof membrane 4.
- Box 5 partially visible on the [ Fig.1 ] has an overall parallelepiped shape.
- There [ Fig.2 ] shows a plane side view according to arrow II of [ Fig.1 ].
- the upper 21 and lower 22 plates are fixed together for example at the periphery of the supporting partitions 26, 126 or 226 and directly above the secondary partitions 25 while securing the upper 21 and lower 22 plates with the secondary partitions 25.
- the bottom panel 23 and the cover panel 7 have a rectangular outline and are spaced from each other by two longitudinal end sails 27 and two lateral end sails 24 together forming the contour of the interior space of the body 5.
- This interior space is compartmentalized by two load-bearing partitions 26 located directly above the grooves 30 and possibly secondary partitions 25 which may be narrower than the load-bearing partitions 26.
- the load-bearing partitions 26 and secondary partitions 25 extend longitudinally perpendicular to the two longitudinal end sails 27 and parallel to the two lateral end sails 24. All these elements are fixed as much as necessary by stapling, screwing and/or gluing.
- the secondary partitions 25 have a width of 12 mm and the longitudinal end sails 27 and lateral ends 24 have a width of between 12 and 24 mm.
- the compartments are filled with a heat-insulating lining, for example in a material chosen from expanded perlite, aerogel materials in a particulate or fibrous form, expanded polystyrene, wool glass, cellulose wadding, low density polymer foams, for example polyethylene, polyurethane or others.
- a heat-insulating lining for example in a material chosen from expanded perlite, aerogel materials in a particulate or fibrous form, expanded polystyrene, wool glass, cellulose wadding, low density polymer foams, for example polyethylene, polyurethane or others.
- the dimensions of the box 5 can of course be different from the example shown in [ Fig.2 ].
- the body 5 In its width, the body 5 has a single load-bearing partition 26 and a single groove 30 or, on the contrary, a greater number of load-bearing partitions 26 and grooves 30 than two.
- the groove 30 has a section in the shape of an inverted T, comprising a horizontal and wide bottom part 32 and a vertical and narrow mouth part 31, in order to receive a weld wing bent at an angle straight, according to known technique.
- the bottom part 32 could extend on only one side of the mouth part, so that the groove has an L-shaped section.
- the supporting partition 26 is a plywood plate which has a width W greater than the width of the bottom part 32.
- This extra width makes it possible to place rows of staples 35 offset laterally relative to the bottom part 32. , that is to say outside the area located directly above the groove 30, to fix the supporting partition 26 to the lower plate 22.
- This arrangement makes it possible to preserve the rigidity of the cover panel 7 despite the relatively high width of the groove 30, the bottom part 32 of which is for example 24mm wide. Indeed, even if the clips 35 can locally reduce the rigidity of the lower plate 22 of the cover panel, this weakening does not occur at the same place as the thinning resulting from the groove 30.
- the extra width of the load-bearing partition 26 is greater than 10mm.
- the width W is 36 mm or more and preferably 42 mm.
- FIG.4 shows another embodiment of the supporting partition 126, which has a multilayer structure in the direction of its width, with a core 41 of insulating material and two side plates 42 more rigid than the insulating material on either side of the core 41.
- the fasteners 35 are engaged in the side plates 42, which are for example made of plywood.
- This construction makes it possible to limit the weight and the thermal bridge in relation to the supporting partition 26.
- the side plates 42 have a width of 12 mm.
- FIG.5 shows another embodiment of the supporting partition 226, which presents, successively in the thickness direction of the body 5, an upper flange 52 arranged parallel against the lower plate 22 and a central portion 51 arranged under the upper flange 52
- the upper sole 52 has the width W greater than the width of the bottom part 32.
- the central portion 51 can be equal to or narrower than the bottom part 32 of the groove 30.
- the upper sole 52 and the. central portion 51 are for example made of plywood. This construction makes it possible to limit the weight and the thermal bridge in relation to the supporting partition 26.
- the central portion 51 has a width of between 18 and 30 mm, preferably 24 mm.
- the upper sole 52 has a width greater than 24 mm, for example 42 mm, 50 mm or 60 mm.
- the upper flange 52 may have a width equal to the spacing between the supporting partition 226 and a secondary partition adjacent to the supporting partition 226 or less than this spacing. In one embodiment, the supporting partitions 226 and any secondary partitions 25 are distributed in a uniform spacing pitch and the upper flange 52 can have a width equal to the uniform spacing pitch or smaller than this.
- composite materials can be used to make all or part of the self-supporting box.
- suitable composite materials are taught in WO-A-2015079135 .
- a primary insulating barrier can be constructed with the boxes 5 described above in its entirety or only in certain parts of the tank.
- the boxes 5 described above can be used near the edges of the tank while other insulating blocks are used in other portions of the tank walls.
- Such an arrangement is described for example in WO-A-2019077253 .
- a cutaway view of an LNG ship 70 shows a watertight and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
- the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary waterproof barrier intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank, a secondary waterproof barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproof barrier and the secondary waterproof barrier and between the secondary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72.
- the ship comprises a simple shell.
- loading/unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal to transfer a cargo of liquefied gas from or to the tank 71.
- FIG.6 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
- the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74.
- the mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can connect to the loading/unloading pipes 73.
- the adjustable mobile arm 74 adapts to all LNG carrier templates.
- a connection pipe not shown extends inside the tower 78.
- the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG tanker 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
- the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG ship 70 at a long distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
- pumps on board the ship 70 and/or pumps fitted to the on-shore installation 77 and/or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
Description
L'invention se rapporte au domaine des cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes intégrées dans une structure porteuse pour contenir un fluide, notamment aux cuves à membrane pour contenir des gaz liquéfiés, en particulier des gaz combustibles. En particulier l'invention se rapporte aussi à des caisses autoporteuses en bois convenant pour le soutien et l'isolation thermique des membranes de telles cuves.The invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks integrated into a supporting structure to contain a fluid, in particular to membrane tanks for containing liquefied gases, in particular combustible gases. In particular, the invention also relates to self-supporting wooden boxes suitable for supporting and thermally insulating the membranes of such tanks.
Des cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes peuvent être utilisées dans différentes industries pour stocker des fluides. Par exemple, dans le domaine de l'énergie, le gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) est un liquide à forte teneur en méthane qui peut être stocké à pression atmosphérique à environ -163°C dans des cuves de stockage terrestres ou dans des cuves embarquées dans des structures flottantes. Le Gaz de Pétrole Liquéfié (GPL) peut être stocké à une température comprise entre -50°C et 0°C.Waterproof and thermally insulating tanks can be used in different industries to store fluids. For example, in the energy sector, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a liquid with a high methane content that can be stored at atmospheric pressure at around -163°C in land-based storage tanks or in on-board tanks. in floating structures. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) can be stored at a temperature between -50°C and 0°C.
Dans le cas d'un ouvrage flottant, la cuve peut être destinée au transport du gaz liquéfié ou à recevoir du gaz liquéfié servant de carburant pour la propulsion de l'ouvrage flottant.In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for transporting liquefied gas or for receiving liquefied gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
On connaît, par exemple dans
- un panneau de fond,
- des voiles latéraux fixés au panneau de fond et faisant saillie perpendiculairement d'un côté du panneau de fond pour délimiter le contour d'un espace intérieur de la caisse,
- un panneau de couvercle supporté et fixé sur un bord supérieur des voiles latéraux parallèlement au panneau de fond et à distance du panneau de fond pour fermer l'espace intérieur de la caisse, le panneau de couvercle comportant une plaque supérieure et une plaque inférieure superposées et fixées l'une à l'autre,
- au moins une rainure ménagée dans le panneau de couvercle et débouchant sur une surface supérieure du panneau de couvercle pour recevoir un support de soudure destiné à retenir une membrane étanche sur le panneau de couvercle,
- au moins une cloison porteuse s'étendant longitudinalement à l'aplomb de la ou chaque rainure parallèlement à la rainure, la cloison porteuse étant agencée perpendiculairement au panneau de fond et au panneau de couvercle, la cloison porteuse s'étendant entre lesdits voiles latéraux de manière à diviser l'espace intérieur en une pluralité de compartiments destinés à recevoir une garniture calorifuge, la cloison porteuse présentant une surface supérieure en contact avec la plaque inférieure du panneau de couvercle et une surface inférieure en contact avec le panneau de fond, et des attaches engagées perpendiculairement dans la plaque inférieure et la surface supérieure de la cloison porteuse pour attacher la cloison porteuse au panneau de couvercle.
- a background panel,
- side sails fixed to the bottom panel and projecting perpendicularly from one side of the bottom panel to delimit the contour of an interior space of the body,
- a cover panel supported and fixed on an upper edge of the side sails parallel to the bottom panel and at a distance from the bottom panel to close the interior space of the body, the cover panel comprising an upper plate and a lower plate superimposed and fixed to each other,
- at least one groove provided in the cover panel and opening onto an upper surface of the cover panel to receive a welding support intended to retain a waterproof membrane on the cover panel,
- at least one load-bearing partition extending longitudinally directly above the or each groove parallel to the groove, the load-bearing partition being arranged perpendicular to the bottom panel and the cover panel, the load-bearing partition extending between said side walls so as to divide the interior space into a plurality of compartments intended to receive a heat-insulating lining, the supporting partition having an upper surface in contact with the lower plate of the cover panel and a lower surface in contact with the bottom panel, and clips engaged perpendicularly in the bottom plate and the upper surface of the supporting partition to attach the supporting partition to the cover panel.
Dans
Il est aussi connu, par exemple dans
Un but de l'invention est de proposer une caisse autoporteuse résistante pour pouvoir servir à réaliser une barrière isolante primaire dans une cuve, susceptible d'être soumise à des pressions dynamiques et des impacts du fait du ballotement de la cargaison. Un autre but de l'invention est de permettre l'utilisation d'un support de soudure sous la forme d'une aile pliée à angle droit également dans une membrane étanche primaire, par exemple en vue de simplifier ou d'uniformiser des procédures de fabrication et de réduire un inventaire de pièces.An aim of the invention is to propose a resistant self-supporting body to be able to be used to create a primary insulating barrier in a tank, capable of being subjected to dynamic pressures and impacts due to the swaying of the cargo. Another aim of the invention is to allow the use of a welding support in the form of a wing folded at right angles also in a primary waterproof membrane, for example with a view to simplifying or standardizing welding procedures. manufacturing and reduce parts inventory.
Pour cela, l'invention fournit une caisse autoporteuse précitée, caractérisée par le fait que la rainure présente une section comportant, successivement dans une direction d'épaisseur de la plaque supérieure, une partie de fond plus large et une partie d'embouchure plus étroite,
et que la surface supérieure de la cloison porteuse est plus large que la partie de fond de la rainure, les attaches étant engagées dans une zone de la plaque inférieure décalée latéralement par rapport à la partie de fond de la rainure.For this, the invention provides a aforementioned self-supporting box, characterized in that the groove has a section comprising, successively in a direction of thickness of the upper plate, a wider bottom part and a narrower mouth part ,
and that the upper surface of the supporting partition is wider than the bottom part of the groove, the fasteners being engaged in an area of the lower plate offset laterally relative to the bottom part of the groove.
Grâce à ces caractéristiques, les attaches engagées dans la plaque inférieure pour attacher la cloison porteuse au panneau de couvercle ne fragilisent pas le panneau de couvercle à l'aplomb de la rainure. Cette disposition permet donc de fixer de manière fiable la cloison porteuse tout en présentant une résistance mécanique du panneau de couvercle augmentée par rapport à un caisson de l'art antérieur.Thanks to these characteristics, the fasteners engaged in the lower plate to attach the supporting partition to the cover panel do not weaken the cover panel. cover directly above the groove. This arrangement therefore makes it possible to reliably fix the supporting partition while presenting increased mechanical resistance of the cover panel compared to a box of the prior art.
Selon des modes de réalisation, une telle caisse autoporteuse peut comporter une ou plusieurs des dispositions suivantes.According to embodiments, such a self-supporting body may include one or more of the following arrangements.
De préférence, la rainure est ménagée seulement dans la plaque supérieure du panneau de couvercle.Preferably, the groove is provided only in the upper plate of the cover panel.
De préférence, les attaches attachent la cloison porteuse au panneau de couvercle indépendamment de la plaque supérieure. Ainsi, la plaque supérieure du panneau de couvercle n'est pas fragilisée par la présence des attaches.Preferably, the clips attach the load-bearing partition to the cover panel independently of the top plate. Thus, the upper plate of the cover panel is not weakened by the presence of the fasteners.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la rainure présente une section en forme de T, dans laquelle la partie de fond de la rainure correspond à la barre horizontale du T et la partie d'embouchure correspond à la barre verticale du T.According to one embodiment, the groove has a T-shaped section, in which the bottom part of the groove corresponds to the horizontal bar of the T and the mouth part corresponds to the vertical bar of the T.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie de fond de la rainure présente une largeur comprise entre 20 et 30 mm.According to one embodiment, the bottom part of the groove has a width of between 20 and 30 mm.
Selon un mode de réalisation, un écart entre la largeur de la partie de fond de la rainure et la largeur de la surface supérieure de la cloison porteuse est supérieur à 10mm.According to one embodiment, a gap between the width of the bottom part of the groove and the width of the upper surface of the supporting partition is greater than 10mm.
Selon un mode de réalisation, une ligne médiane de la partie de fond de la rainure est située à l'aplomb d'un plan médian de la cloison porteuse.According to one embodiment, a median line of the bottom part of the groove is located directly above a median plane of the supporting partition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les attaches sont disposées de part et d'autres d'un plan médian de la cloison porteuse.According to one embodiment, the fasteners are arranged on either side of a median plane of the supporting partition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cloison porteuse est en bois, en bois de contreplaqué ou en composite.According to one embodiment, the load-bearing partition is made of wood, plywood or composite.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cloison porteuse présente une largeur uniforme plus large que la partie de fond de la rainure.According to one embodiment, the supporting partition has a uniform width wider than the bottom part of the groove.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la cloison interne présente une semelle supérieure disposée parallèlement contre la plaque inférieure et une portion centrale disposée sous la semelle supérieure, la semelle supérieure étant plus large que la partie de fond de la rainure, la portion centrale présentant une largeur égale ou plus étroite que la partie de fond de la rainure.According to another embodiment, the internal partition has an upper flange arranged parallel against the lower plate and a central portion arranged under the upper flange, the upper flange being wider than the bottom part of the groove, the central portion having a width equal to or narrower than the bottom part of the groove.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cloison porteuse présente une structure multicouche dans une direction de largeur, la structure multicouche comportant un noyau en matière isolante et deux plaques latérales plus rigides que la matière isolante, les attaches étant engagées dans les plaques latérales. Par exemple, la matière isolante est sélectionné parmi les mousses polymères, notamment mousse de polyuréthane, les fibres minérales, notamment laine de verre, l'ouate et le polystyrène expansé.According to one embodiment, the load-bearing partition has a multilayer structure in a width direction, the multilayer structure comprising a core of insulating material and two side plates more rigid than the insulating material, the fasteners being engaged in the side plates. For example, the insulating material is selected from polymer foams, in particular polyurethane foam, mineral fibers, in particular glass wool, wadding and expanded polystyrene.
Selon un mode de réalisation, deux rainures parallèles sont ménagées dans le panneau de couvercle et une cloison interne respective s'étend à l'aplomb de chaque rainure.According to one embodiment, two parallel grooves are provided in the cover panel and a respective internal partition extends directly above each groove.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la caisse présente une forme générale de parallélépipède rectangle.According to one embodiment, the body has the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d'un fluide, ladite cuve comportant une paroi de cuve fixée sur une paroi porteuse,
dans laquelle la paroi de cuve comporte, dans le sens de l'épaisseur depuis l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de ladite cuve, une barrière isolante secondaire retenue sur ladite paroi porteuse, une membrane étanche secondaire retenue sur ladite barrière isolante secondaire, une barrière isolante primaire retenue sur ladite membrane étanche secondaire et une membrane étanche primaire retenue sur ladite barrière isolante primaire, caractérisée par le fait que ladite barrière isolante primaire est essentiellement constituée de caisses précitées, juxtaposées et remplies d'une garniture calorifuge, la membrane étanche primaire étant retenue sur les panneaux de couvercle desdites caisses par des supports de soudure insérés dans lesdites rainures.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a waterproof and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, said tank comprising a tank wall fixed to a supporting wall,
in which the tank wall comprises, in the direction of thickness from the outside towards the inside of said tank, a secondary insulating barrier retained on said supporting wall, a secondary waterproof membrane retained on said secondary insulating barrier, a barrier primary insulating membrane retained on said secondary waterproof membrane and a primary waterproof membrane retained on said primary insulating barrier, characterized in that said primary insulating barrier is essentially made up of the aforementioned boxes, juxtaposed and filled with a heat-insulating lining, the primary waterproof membrane being retained on the cover panels of said boxes by welding supports inserted in said grooves.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le fluide est un gaz liquéfié, tel que du gaz naturel liquéfié, du gaz de pétrole liquéfié, de l'éthylène liquéfié.According to one embodiment, the fluid is a liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied ethylene.
Une telle cuve peut faire partie d'une installation de stockage terrestre, une installation de stockage posée sur un fond marin, par exemple pour stocker du GNL ou être installée dans une structure flottante, côtière ou en eau profonde, notamment un navire méthanier, une unité flottante de stockage et de regazéification (FSRU), une unité flottante de production et de stockage déporté (FPSO) et autres.Such a tank can be part of a land storage installation, a storage installation placed on a seabed, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG ship, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and offshore storage unit (FPSO) and others.
Selon un mode de réalisation, un navire pour le transport d'un fluide comporte une double coque et une cuve précitée disposée dans la double coque. Selon un mode de réalisation, la double coque comporte une coque interne formant la paroi porteuse de la cuve.According to one embodiment, a vessel for transporting a fluid comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank placed in the double hull. According to one embodiment, the double shell comprises an internal shell forming the supporting wall of the tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi un procédé de chargement ou déchargement d'un tel navire, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank of the ship.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi un système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant le navire précité, des canalisations isolées agencées de manière à relier la cuve installée dans la coque du navire à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre et une pompe pour entrainer un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l'installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or land storage installation and a pump for driving fluid through the insulated pipelines to or from the floating or land-based storage facility to or from the vessel tank.
L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention, donnés uniquement à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés.
- La [
Fig.1 ] est une vue en perspective écorchée d'une paroi de cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante dans laquelle des caisses autoporteuses peuvent être utilisées. - La [
Fig.2 ] est une vue de côté d'une caisse autoporteuse convenant pour une barrière isolante primaire de la paroi d cuve de la [Fig.1 ]. - [
Fig.3][Fig.4 ][Fig.5 ] Lesfigures 3 à 5 sont des vues agrandies d'une zone III de la [Fig.2 ] illustrant trois modes de réalisation d'une cloison porteuse. - La [
Fig.6 ] est une représentation schématique écorchée d'une cuve de navire méthanier et d'un terminal de chargement/déchargement de cette cuve.
- There [
Fig.1 ] is a cutaway perspective view of a watertight and thermally insulating tank wall in which self-supporting boxes can be used. - There [
Fig.2 ] is a side view of a self-supporting box suitable for a primary insulating barrier of the tank wall of the [Fig.1 ]. - [
Fig.3][Fig.4 ][Fig.5 ] THEfigures 3 to 5 are enlarged views of zone III of the [Fig.2 ] illustrating three embodiments of a load-bearing partition. - There [
Fig.6 ] is a stripped-down schematic representation of an LNG ship tank and a loading/unloading terminal for this tank.
La structure générale d'une paroi de cuve 1, étanche et thermiquement isolante, intégrée et ancrée à une paroi porteuse 2, est illustrée sur la [
La paroi de cuve 1 est composée successivement dans son épaisseur d'une barrière isolante secondaire 3 qui est formée de caisses juxtaposées sur la paroi porteuse 2 et retenues sur celle-ci par des organes de retenue secondaires; puis d'une membrane étanche secondaire 4 portée par barrière isolante secondaire 3; puis d'une barrière isolante primaire formée de caisses 5 juxtaposées et retenues sur la membrane étanche secondaire 4 par des organes de retenue primaires eux-mêmes fixés aux organes de retenue secondaires 4 et, enfin, d'une membrane étanche primaire 6 portée par les caisses 5. Des organes de retenue secondaires et primaires sont par exemple décrit dans
La membrane étanche primaire 6 peut être constituée d'une nappe continue de virures 10 en acier à haute teneur en nickel, par exemple 37%, connu sous le nom d'invar, dont le coefficient de dilatation est typiquement compris entre 1,2.10-6 et 2.10-6 K-1. Il est aussi possible d'utiliser des alliages de fer et de manganèse dont le coefficient de dilatation est typiquement de l'ordre de 7 à 9.10-6 K-1. Les virures 10 sont soudées de manière étanche par leurs bords latéraux relevés sur des supports de soudures 8 parallèles retenus dans des rainures des panneaux de couvercle 7 des caisses 5. La membrane étanche secondaire 4 peut être réalisée identiquement, comme illustré sur la [
La caisse 5 partiellement visible sur la [
En référence à la [
Pour réaliser la fonction d'isolation thermique de la caisse 5, les compartiments sont remplis d'une garniture calorifuge, par exemple dans un matériau choisi parmi la perlite expansée, les matériaux aérogels sous une forme particulaire ou fibreuse, le polystyrène expansé, la laine de verre, l'ouate de cellulose, les mousses polymères à basse densité, par exemple en polyéthylène, polyuréthane ou autres.To achieve the thermal insulation function of the
Les dimensions de la caisse 5 peuvent bien sûr être différentes de l'exemple représenté sur la [
Comme mieux visible sur la [
La cloison porteuse 26 est une plaque de bois contreplaqué qui présente une largeur W plus grande que la largeur de la partie de fond 32. Cette sur-largeur permet de placer des rangées d'agrafes 35 décalées latéralement par rapport à la partie de fond 32, c'est-à-dire en dehors de la zone située directement à l'aplomb de la rainure 30, pour fixer la cloison porteuse 26 à la plaque inférieure 22. Cette disposition permet de préserver la rigidité du panneau de couvercle 7 malgré la largeur relativement élevée de la rainure 30, dont la partie de fond 32 fait par exemple 24mm de large. En effet, même si les agrafes 35 peuvent localement réduire la rigidité de plaque inférieure 22 du panneau de couvercle, cet affaiblissement ne se produit pas au même endroit que l'amincissement résultant de la rainure 30. De préférence, la sur-largeur de la cloison porteuse 26 est supérieure à 10mm. Par exemple la largeur W fait 36 mm ou plus et de préférence 42 mm.The supporting
Sur la [
- la rainure 30 est ménagée seulement dans la
plaque supérieure 21 du panneau de couvercle. Ainsi, la rainure 30 n'affecte pas la rigidité de laplaque inférieure 22. - les attaches 35 n'affectent pas la rigidité de la
plaque supérieure 21. - la cloison porteuse 26 est centrée sous la rainure 30 et symétrique par rapport à un plan médian.
- les attaches 35 sont disposées de part et d'autres du plan médian de la cloison porteuse.
- the
groove 30 is provided only in theupper plate 21 of the cover panel. Thus, thegroove 30 does not affect the rigidity of thelower plate 22. - the
fasteners 35 do not affect the rigidity of theupper plate 21. - the supporting
partition 26 is centered under thegroove 30 and symmetrical with respect to a median plane. - the
fasteners 35 are arranged on either side of the median plane of the supporting partition.
La [
La [
Dans un mode de réalisation, la semelle supérieure 52 peut avoir une largeur égale à l'espacement entre la cloison porteuse 226 et une cloison secondaire adjacente à la cloison porteuse 226 ou inférieure à cet espacement. Dans un mode de réalisation, les cloisons porteuses 226 et les éventuelles cloisons secondaires 25 sont distribuées selon un pas d'espacement uniforme et la semelle supérieure 52 peut avoir une largeur égale au pas d'espacement uniforme ou plus petit que celui-ci.In one embodiment, the
La [
- pour faire circuler un gaz inerte dans la barrière isolante primaire, des perçages 28 sont ménagés dans les voiles 27 de la
caisse 5. - un bouchon perméable au
gaz 17, en tissu de fibre de verre, est collé devant chaque perçage 28 sur la surface intérieure du voile 27 pour éviter les fuites de la garniture calorifuge. - des tenons de
fixation 19 servant de surface d'appui pour les organes de retenue primaires sont fixés contre les voiles 27 sur des rebords du panneau de fond 23. - un peigne raidisseur 16 perpendiculaire aux cloisons porteuses 26 et cloisons secondaires 25 s'étend entre les voiles 24 perpendiculairement au panneau de fond 23. Au niveau de son intersection avec les cloisons porteuses 26 et cloisons secondaires 25, il présente des encoches pour former un emboîtement avec les cloisons porteuses 26 et cloisons secondaires 25.
- des rainures 18 ménagées dans le panneau de fond 23 et les cloisons porteuses 26 permettent de loger les portions saillantes de la
membrane étanche secondaire 4.
- to circulate an inert gas in the primary insulating barrier, holes 28 are provided in the
sails 27 of thebody 5. - a gas-
permeable plug 17, made of fiberglass fabric, is glued in front of eachhole 28 on the interior surface of theveil 27 to prevent leaks from the heat-insulating gasket. - fixing
tenons 19 serving as a bearing surface for the primary retaining members are fixed against thesails 27 on the edges of thebottom panel 23. - a stiffening comb 16 perpendicular to the load-
bearing partitions 26 andsecondary partitions 25 extends between thesails 24 perpendicular to thebottom panel 23. At the level of its intersection with the load-bearing partitions 26 andsecondary partitions 25, it has notches to form a nesting with the load-bearing partitions 26 andsecondary partitions 25. -
grooves 18 made in thebottom panel 23 and the supportingpartitions 26 make it possible to accommodate the projecting portions of the secondarywaterproof membrane 4.
Au lieu du bois contreplaqué, des matériaux composites peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser tout ou partie de la caisse autoporteuse. Par exemple, des matériaux composites appropriés sont enseignés dans
Une barrière isolante primaire peut être construite avec les caisses 5 décrites ci-dessus dans sa totalité ou seulement dans certaines parties de la cuve. Par exemple les caisses 5 décrites ci-dessus peuvent être utilisées à proximité des arêtes de la cuve tandis que d'autres blocs isolants sont utilisés dans d'autres portions des parois de cuve. Un tel agencement est décrit par exemple dans
En référence à la [
De manière connue en soi, des canalisations de chargement/déchargement 73 disposées sur le pont supérieur du navire peuvent être raccordées, au moyen de connecteurs appropriées, à un terminal maritime ou portuaire pour transférer une cargaison de gaz liquéfié depuis ou vers la cuve 71.In a manner known per se, loading/unloading
La [
Pour engendrer la pression nécessaire au transfert du gaz liquéfié, on met en oeuvre des pompes embarquées dans le navire 70 et/ou des pompes équipant l'installation à terre 77 et/ou des pompes équipant le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75.To generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the
Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention.Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is quite obvious that it is in no way limited and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.
L'usage du verbe « comporter », « comprendre » ou « inclure » et de ses formes conjuguées n'exclut pas la présence d'autres éléments ou d'autres étapes que ceux énoncés dans une revendication.The use of the verb “include”, “understand” or “include” and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or other steps than those set out in a claim.
Dans les revendications, tout signe de référence entre parenthèses ne saurait être interprété comme une limitation de la revendication.In the claims, any parenthetical reference sign shall not be construed as a limitation of the claim.
Claims (17)
- A self-supporting case (5) suitable for supporting and thermally insulating a sealed membrane (6) intended to contain a fluid, the case (5) comprising:a bottom panel (23),lateral webs (24, 27) fixed to the bottom panel and protruding at right angles on one side of the bottom panel to delimit the outline of an internal space of the case,a cover panel (7) supported and fixed on a top edge of the lateral webs parallel to the bottom panel and at a distance from the bottom panel to close the internal space of the case, the cover panel comprising a top plate (21) and a bottom plate (22) superposed on and fixed to one another,at least one groove (30) formed in the cover panel and emerging on a top surface of the cover panel to receive a weld support (8) intended to retain a sealed membrane (6) on the cover panel,at least one supporting partition (26, 126, 226) extending longitudinally vertically in line with the groove (30) parallel to the groove, the supporting partition being arranged at right angles to the bottom panel (23) and to the cover panel (7), the supporting partition extending between said lateral webs (27) so as to divide the internal space into a plurality of compartments intended to receive a heat-insulating packing, the supporting partition (26, 126, 226) having a top surface in contact with the bottom plate (22) of the cover panel and a bottom surface in contact with the bottom panel,and fasteners (35) engaged at right angles in the bottom plate (22) and the top surface of the supporting partition (26, 126, 226) to fasten the supporting partition to the cover panel,characterized in that the groove (30) has a section comprising, in succession in a thickness-wise direction of the top plate, a wider bottom part (32) and a narrower orifice part (31),and that the top surface of the supporting partition (26, 126, 226) is wider than the bottom part (32) of the groove, the fasteners (35) being engaged in a zone of the bottom plate (22) offset laterally with respect to the bottom part (32) of the groove.
- The case as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove (30) is formed only in the top plate (21) of the cover panel.
- The case as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the fasteners (35) fasten the supporting partition (26, 126, 226) to the cover panel independently of the top plate (21).
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the groove (30) has a T-shaped section, in which the bottom part (32) of the groove corresponds to the horizontal bar of the T and the orifice part (31) corresponds to the vertical bar of the T.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bottom part (32) of the groove has a width of between 20 and 30 mm.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a difference between the width of the bottom part (32) of the groove and the width (W) of the top surface of the supporting partition is greater than 10 mm.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a median line of the bottom part (32) of the groove is situated vertically in line with a median plane of the supporting partition (26, 126, 226).
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fasteners (35) are positioned on either side of a median plane of the supporting partition.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the supporting partition (26, 126, 226) is made of wood, of plywood or of composite material.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the supporting partition (26, 126) has a uniform width that is wider than the bottom part of the groove.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the internal partition (226) has a top sole plate (52) positioned parallel against the bottom plate (22) and a central portion (51) positioned under the top sole plate, the top sole plate (52) being wider than the bottom part (32) of the groove, the central portion (51) having an equal or narrower width than the bottom part (32) of the groove.
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the supporting partition (126) has a multilayer structure in a widthwise direction, the multilayer structure comprising a core (41) made of insulating material and two lateral plates (42) that are more rigid than the insulating material, the fasteners (35) being engaged in the lateral plates (42).
- The case as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, comprising two parallel grooves (30) formed in the cover panel and a respective internal partition (26, 126, 226) extending vertically in line with each groove.
- A sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, said tank comprising a tank wall (1) fixed onto a supporting wall (2), wherein the tank wall comprises, in the thickness-wise direction from the outside to the inside of said tank, a secondary insulating barrier (3) retained on said supporting wall (2), a secondary sealed membrane (4) retained on said secondary insulating barrier, a primary insulating barrier retained on said secondary sealed membrane and a primary sealed membrane (6) retained on said primary insulating barrier, characterized in that said primary insulating barrier is essentially composed of cases (5) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 13 juxtaposed and filled with a heat-insulating packing, the primary sealed membrane (6) being retained on the cover panels of said cases by weld supports (8) inserted in said grooves (30).
- A vessel (70) for transporting a fluid, the vessel comprising a double-hull (72) and a tank (71) as claimed in claim 14 positioned in the double-hull (72).
- A transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a vessel (70) as claimed in claim 15, insulated pipelines (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged so as to link the tank (71) of the vessel to a floating or onshore storage installation (77) and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or onshore storage installation to or from the tank of the vessel.
- A method for loading or offloading a vessel (70) as claimed in claim 15, wherein a fluid is conveyed through insulating pipelines (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating or onshore storage installation (77) to or from the tank (71) of the vessel.j
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2005609A FR3110952B1 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Self-supporting box suitable for the support and thermal insulation of a waterproof membrane |
PCT/EP2021/062018 WO2021239432A1 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2021-05-06 | Free-standing casing suitable for supporting and thermally insulating a sealed membrane |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4139602A1 EP4139602A1 (en) | 2023-03-01 |
EP4139602B1 true EP4139602B1 (en) | 2024-06-12 |
Family
ID=72560740
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21724626.3A Active EP4139602B1 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2021-05-06 | Free-standing casing suitable for supporting and thermally insulating a sealed membrane |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4139602B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2023527013A (en) |
KR (1) | KR102548503B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114008375A (en) |
DK (1) | DK4139602T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3110952B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT4139602T (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021239432A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3142528A1 (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-05-31 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Self-supporting box suitable for supporting and thermally insulating a waterproof membrane |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2629897B1 (en) | 1988-04-08 | 1991-02-15 | Gaz Transport | IMPROVED WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK, INTEGRATED INTO THE CARRIER STRUCTURE OF A VESSEL |
FR2798902B1 (en) | 1999-09-29 | 2001-11-23 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK INTEGRATED INTO A VESSEL CARRIER STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING INSULATING BOXES FOR USE IN THIS TANK |
FR2867831B1 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2006-05-19 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | WOOD-SUPPORTING BODY SUITABLE FOR THE SUPPORT AND THERMAL INSULATION OF A SEALED TANK MEMBRANE |
FR2877639B1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-12-15 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK INTEGRATED WITH THE SHELLING STRUCTURE OF A SHIP |
FR2987100B1 (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2015-04-10 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | CALORIFYING ELEMENTS FOR SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANKS |
FR2987424B1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2016-06-10 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | INSULATING BOX COMPRISING A SPACE OF FLOW |
FR3004512B1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-09-30 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK |
FR3014085B1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2017-12-29 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | SELF-CONDUCTING BODY FOR THE THERMAL INSULATION OF A STORAGE TANK FOR A FLUID |
KR20150069749A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-24 | 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 | Membrane of lng cargo tank |
FR3030014B1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-10-13 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | INSULATING BLOCK SUITABLE FOR MAKING AN INSULATING WALL IN A WATERPROOF TANK |
GB2554862A (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-18 | Torgy Lng Holding As | Secondary barrier system |
WO2019077253A1 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and thermally insulating tank with several areas |
-
2020
- 2020-05-27 FR FR2005609A patent/FR3110952B1/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-05-06 WO PCT/EP2021/062018 patent/WO2021239432A1/en unknown
- 2021-05-06 JP JP2022572481A patent/JP2023527013A/en active Pending
- 2021-05-06 PT PT217246263T patent/PT4139602T/en unknown
- 2021-05-06 CN CN202180003506.6A patent/CN114008375A/en active Pending
- 2021-05-06 DK DK21724626.3T patent/DK4139602T3/en active
- 2021-05-06 KR KR1020217033634A patent/KR102548503B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2021-05-06 EP EP21724626.3A patent/EP4139602B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN114008375A (en) | 2022-02-01 |
WO2021239432A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
KR102548503B1 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
FR3110952B1 (en) | 2022-05-06 |
PT4139602T (en) | 2024-07-03 |
FR3110952A1 (en) | 2021-12-03 |
DK4139602T3 (en) | 2024-09-02 |
JP2023527013A (en) | 2023-06-26 |
KR20220012837A (en) | 2022-02-04 |
EP4139602A1 (en) | 2023-03-01 |
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