EP4115195A1 - Procédé et système de détermination de la position d'au moins un objet - Google Patents

Procédé et système de détermination de la position d'au moins un objet

Info

Publication number
EP4115195A1
EP4115195A1 EP21700298.9A EP21700298A EP4115195A1 EP 4115195 A1 EP4115195 A1 EP 4115195A1 EP 21700298 A EP21700298 A EP 21700298A EP 4115195 A1 EP4115195 A1 EP 4115195A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signals
circularly polarized
transmitters
frequencies
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21700298.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Grewing
Christian Roth
Markus Robens
Alessandra Lai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH filed Critical Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Publication of EP4115195A1 publication Critical patent/EP4115195A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0246—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves involving frequency difference of arrival or Doppler measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/0218—Multipath in signal reception
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/04—Details
    • G01S1/042—Transmitters
    • G01S1/0428—Signal details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/0221—Receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/0226—Transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0295—Proximity-based methods, e.g. position inferred from reception of particular signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters
    • G01S2201/01—Indexing scheme relating to beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters adapted for specific applications or environments
    • G01S2201/02—Indoor positioning, e.g. in covered car-parks, mining facilities, warehouses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/01—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S2205/02—Indoor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/14—Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a system for determining the position of at least one object, in particular inside a building.
  • a large number of methods are known for determining the position of objects, most of which are based on the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves by radio. These are often suitable for determining the position of objects or people in the open air. For example, methods are known which, on the basis of a transit time or a transit time difference of a signal, determine a distance between the transmitter and receiver and in this way enable a position to be determined when several transmitters or receivers are used.
  • Code division multiplexing methods are usually used in conventional positioning systems. This method enables the simultaneous transmission of different user data streams on a common frequency range and uses so-called spreading codes for frequency spreading and for Differentiation of the different data streams. In other words, the data are separated from one another with different, mutually orthogonal codes. As a result of the frequency expansion, the frequency spectrum used becomes wider, which on the one hand increases differences in the transit times that are caused, for example, by filters and antenna components. On the other hand, the broadband receiver has an increased power consumption.
  • DE 10 2016 012 101 A1 and US 2019 018 72 37 A1 describe a method for determining the position of an object which is equipped with a mobile station and in which at least four reference objects with base stations are used. This can be used to determine the position inside buildings, but does not have satisfactory precision under all conditions.
  • the object is achieved by the method for determining the position of at least one object according to claim 1 and by the system for determining the position of at least one object according to the independent claim. Refinements result from the subclaims.
  • the object is achieved by a method for determining the position of at least one object, in particular inside a building, in which at least four transmitters send circularly polarized signals and a receiver to be localized receives the circularly polarized signals. At least two and in particular all transmitters send periodic signals of different frequencies, these frequencies being closely spaced.
  • the method according to the invention enables particularly precise position determination.
  • a signal includes an electromagnetic wave.
  • the signal can be an electromagnetic wave and / or a radio signal, that is to say a character or a corresponding character sequence emitted by electromagnetic waves. In the latter case, the character to be transmitted or the character sequence is modulated onto an electromagnetic wave serving as a carrier signal.
  • the electromagnetic wave is particularly high frequency. In particular, it acts
  • the signals are periodic signals that are sent continuously or in time segments.
  • a periodic signal is a signal that has a pattern that repeats itself at regular time intervals, that is, a periodic pattern. This has the advantage that the transmission signals have discrete Fourier spectra with narrow, clearly defined maxima.
  • all transmitters send periodic signals.
  • a transmitter is also known as a measuring point. The position of the measuring point is typically known. In particular, this is part of a defined positioning system. At least four transmitters are required for an exact position determination.
  • Circularly polarized signals are signals with a circularly polarized electric field component.
  • circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are meant, that is to say electromagnetic waves with a circularly polarized electric field component.
  • the field strength vector rotates clockwise or counterclockwise perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
  • Circularly polarized signals can be transmitted and / or received by circularly polarized antennas, for example helical antennas.
  • a device with two linearly polarized antennas offset by 90 ° and fed with a phase shift of 90 ° can also transmit and / or receive circularly polarized signals.
  • the amplitudes of the two linear components of the transmitted signals are essentially the same size, since otherwise an elliptical polarization is created.
  • Circularly polarized antennas are not broadband and are therefore suitable for the narrowband method using different, closely spaced frequencies.
  • the direction of polarization rotation for the transmitter and receiver are typically the same, since otherwise considerable attenuation of the signal would occur.
  • the receiver is also known as the measurement object.
  • the position of the receiver is not known and should be determined by means of the method according to the invention.
  • transit times or transit time differences of the individual signals are usually used.
  • the receiver receives the circularly polarized signals.
  • the received signal thus has a shifted phase, transit time and / or a changed amplitude compared to a signal transmitted via the direct path.
  • a large number of overlapping signal components are received by each individual transmitter.
  • the receiver receives periodic signals of different frequencies that have been sent by the individual transmitters.
  • the receiver receives the signals so that they can be evaluated and the position of the receiver can be determined on the basis of the evaluated signals.
  • the receiver evaluates the signals.
  • the receiver determines its position on the basis of the evaluated signals.
  • Position determination means the determination of information about the position of an object, in particular the determination of the position of the object in relation to a defined fixed point or a defined positioning system. It is irrelevant here whether the actual process of determining the position takes place at the location of the object, at the location of a fixed point or at another location.
  • the method is set up to determine the position of an object located inside a building.
  • the receiver to be localized is located inside the building.
  • a circularly polarized signal is reflected on a surface, the direction of rotation is typically reversed in addition to attenuating the signal and possibly changing the signal to elliptical polarization, depending on the nature and material of the surface. In other words, there is a phase rotation by 180 degrees. This effect is frequency independent.
  • the receiver is set up to disregard signals damped in this way.
  • it can be designed, for example, in such a way that it only takes into account signals whose amplitude is above a certain threshold value. If the already reflected signal is reflected again, for example on an opposite wall, the original direction of rotation is restored by reversing the direction of rotation again.
  • the attenuation of the signal due to the repeated reflection is so great that this signal component does not cause any significant interference.
  • the circular polarization therefore makes it possible to suppress the reflected signal components due to the reversal of the direction of rotation.
  • the method according to the invention it is possible to determine the position of objects inside a building or rooms with high accuracy. This also applies to densely built-up areas and underground, where conventional methods do not achieve a position determination, or only with little precision, due to the multi-path influence.
  • the position can be determined with a very high measuring rate.
  • No code division multiplexing process usually abbreviated as CDMA, is necessary, since different frequencies are used. This means that several measuring points can be used simultaneously without channel subdivision or frequency expansion, as is the case when using a CDMA. This simplifies the process and enables more precise position determinations.
  • a first group of transmitters sends signals of closely adjacent, different frequencies and a second group of transmitters sends signals of closely adjacent, different frequencies, the frequencies of the first group and the frequencies of the second group being far apart.
  • at least two transmitters send signals whose frequencies are far apart. Signals that are far apart have a frequency difference that is greater than the bandwidth of the signals used. In this way, different transmitters can be easily distinguished from one another.
  • the closely spaced frequencies are less than a bandwidth of the transmitted signals apart.
  • the closely adjacent frequencies are less than a bandwidth of at least one transmitted signal and in particular all of the transmitted signals apart.
  • the phase of the signals can thus be used more easily to refine the position determination and the available frequency range is used efficiently.
  • the signals are sent in the 5.8 GHz frequency band. Signals are sent in four different frequencies. These are each 100 kHz apart. The frequencies can also be referred to as carrier frequencies onto which the signals to be transmitted are modulated.
  • the closely spaced frequencies are less than the reciprocal period of the transmitted signals apart.
  • the closely spaced frequencies are less than the reciprocal period of at least one transmitted signal and in particular all of the transmitted signals apart.
  • the modulation frequency is a multiple of the spacing between the channel frequencies. Frequencies that are particularly close together enable particularly short measuring distances and a particularly small spectrum, so that the differences in the runtime behavior as well as the power consumption are particularly small and a particularly precise position determination is possible.
  • the closely spaced frequencies behave according to the following formula:
  • f n is the frequency of a transmitter from any base station
  • f m is the frequency of a transmitter from any other base station
  • Af is the frequency spacing between the maxima in the Fourier spectrum of the signals used.
  • the period durations of the signals or the periodic patterns of the signals are chosen so that the frequency spacing Af is the same for the transmitters of the closely adjacent frequencies.
  • signals with the same periodic pattern are selected for the transmission of signals which are transmitted on closely adjacent frequencies, so that the comparison of signals from different transmitters becomes easier.
  • the closely adjacent frequencies are less than a quarter, in particular an eighth, of the reciprocal period of the transmitted signals apart. They can be exactly an eighth or less than an eighth of the reciprocal period of the transmitted signals apart. Such a closely adjacent range of the different frequencies enables particularly precise position determination.
  • At least two and in particular all transmitters send signals in the frequency range between 3 GHz and 9 GHz, preferably between 4 GHz and 8 GHz, in particular between 4.5 GHz and 7.5 GHz and, for example, between 5.5 GHz and 6.5 GHz.
  • the transmitters transmit in the 5.8 GHz range.
  • At least two and in particular all transmitters send the signals at defined time intervals.
  • the transmitted signals can be pulsed with a defined time cycle, the pulse duration and the interval between the pulses being freely selectable.
  • at least two and, in particular, all transmitters transmit the signals at least in time segments at the same time. You can also send the signals at defined time intervals, some of which can be at the same time.
  • the position can be determined even more precisely, since the evaluated signals from all transmitters are available at the same time at all times, thus increasing the measuring rate.
  • At least two transmitters each send time-shifted signals. These can have the same or different frequencies.
  • a system for determining the position of at least one object, in particular inside a building, is also used to achieve the object.
  • This comprises at least four transmitters, each of which has a circularly polarized antenna, and a receiver to be localized, which has a circularly polarized antenna.
  • At least two and in particular all transmitters are set up to transmit periodic signals of different frequencies, the frequencies of the respective transmitters being closely spaced.
  • a circularly polarized antenna is an antenna that is able to transmit and / or receive circularly polarized signals.
  • the field of a circularly polarized antenna rotates continuously.
  • Circularly polarized antennas are small, inexpensive and have a small bandwidth. They enable the suppression of reflected signals described above. In contrast to this, broadband signals would be received with some distortion and the suppression of the reflected signals would be reduced.
  • Each of the transmitters and the receiver has a circularly polarized antenna.
  • the transmitters include the circularly polarized antenna for transmitting circularly polarized signals.
  • the receiver includes the circularly polarized antenna for receiving circularly polarized signals.
  • the circularly polarized antennas of the transmitters are set up to transmit the periodic signals of different, closely spaced frequencies.
  • a circularly polarized antenna can be, for example, spiral or helix antennas, circularly polarized patch antennas, crossed dipoles, spiral antennas, slot antennas, antennas with a dielectric resonator, circularly polarized patch arrays and / or circularly polarized slot arrays.
  • the use of a device comprising two linearly polarized antennas offset by 90 ° and fed out of phase by 90 ° is also possible.
  • the antennas of the transmitter and the receiver have the same direction of polarization rotation.
  • Circularly polarized antennas are, in particular, narrowband antennas that send and receive narrowband circularly polarized signals. This results in almost constant frequency responses and a constant group delay across the entire band. No channel equalization is necessary.
  • the system In the event that the system is set up to determine the position of an object in an interior space, it is also referred to as an “Indoor Positioning System” or IPS.
  • IPS Indoor Positioning System
  • the receiver has means for evaluating the received signals.
  • the receiver is set up to determine its position on the basis of the signals received.
  • the circularly polarized antenna of at least one transmitter and / or the receiver is arranged on a circuit board or integrated into the circuit board. It is arranged, for example, in the middle of the circuit board. In this case, it can be arranged in a particularly space-saving manner and manufactured inexpensively, in particular in comparison to the conventional patch antenna. Nevertheless, due to its flat design, it has significant advantages of the patch antenna in terms of its space requirements and in terms of simple and inexpensive manufacture. In particular, what is meant is a circularly polarized annular-ring patch antenna.
  • At least one circularly polarized antenna comprises a dielectric material, in particular a ceramic material, and an annular conductor arranged on the dielectric material.
  • a dielectric material in particular a ceramic material
  • annular conductor arranged on the dielectric material.
  • a conductor is an electrically conductive object.
  • a conductor can be designed as a conductor track, as is usually used on circuit boards. In particular, a conductor has a very low height compared to a flat extension.
  • a conductor is typically made from a material that includes a metal and / or an alloy. In particular, it consists of a metal or an alloy.
  • a conductor can comprise or consist of copper and / or silver.
  • the ring-shaped conductor has in particular the shape of a circular ring. It has a very small height compared to its ring width, i.e. the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter. For example, it has a ring width of 0.5 mm and the height is less than 0.05 mm.
  • the flat conductor is designed, for example, in the shape of a fan and in particular has the shape of a quarter circle. It can be arranged in the same plane as the ring-shaped conductor. It is typically arranged parallel to a printed circuit board on which the circularly polarized antenna is located. It can be arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the dielectric material configured in the shape of a circular cylinder.
  • the dielectric material is in particular designed in the shape of a circular cylinder and has, for example, a diameter that corresponds to the outer diameter of the ring-shaped conductor.
  • the dielectric material is arranged in particular on a printed circuit board.
  • the ring-shaped conductor is typically arranged in a plane that is parallel to the plane of the printed circuit board.
  • the dielectric material defines a distance between the ring-shaped conductor and the circuit board.
  • the ring-shaped conductor and the flat conductor are arranged on the dielectric material. That means that they are on a surface of the dielectric material are arranged and contact this in particular.
  • the dielectric material serves as electrical insulation between the ring-shaped conductor and the flat conductor and a stripline for connecting the circularly polarized antennas.
  • the ring-shaped conductor and the flat conductor can be exposed on the side facing away from the dielectric material, that is to say not covered by the dielectric material.
  • a dielectric material also known as a dielectric, is an electrically weakly or non-conductive substance in which existing charge carriers cannot move freely.
  • An electric field passes through the dielectric material.
  • the dielectric material is a solid, typically a ceramic material.
  • a ceramic material is inorganic, non-metallic, sparingly soluble in water and proportionally, in particular at least 30%, crystalline.
  • Non-metallic means that chemical metals are not present in metallic, i.e. elemental, form, but - if present - as oxides, for example.
  • ceramic materials are those that have been fired in a firing process above 700 ° C. to form a hard, durable object, with sintering in particular occurring during firing.
  • This embodiment of the invention enables pure circular polarization using a small and inexpensive antenna.
  • the receiver comprises a separate receiving part for each transmitter, which is set up to receive the signals from the respective transmitter.
  • the receiver comprises a plurality of receiving parts for receiving signals, each transmitter being assigned a receiving part of the receiver.
  • Each receiving part is set up to receive signals of different frequencies.
  • a receiving part is an independent unit for receiving electromagnetic signals.
  • the independence relates to the reception of electromagnetic signals.
  • the power supply or the forwarding of received and / or evaluated signals from a plurality of receiving parts can be implemented by a common device in each case.
  • Each receiving part is set up to receive signals of different frequencies, at least some of the Frequencies are closely spaced.
  • the receiver comprises at least four receiving parts.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a circularly polarized antenna
  • FIG. 2 a partially sectioned plan view of the circularly polarized antenna from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 a perspective illustration of a second exemplary embodiment of a circularly polarized antenna.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circularly polarized antenna 1 as part of a transmitter or receiver of a system according to the invention, which is designed for frequencies between 4 GHz and 8 GHz. This is arranged on a circuit board (not shown).
  • the circularly polarized antenna 1 comprises a strip line 5 (microstrip) made of copper, which is applied to the circuit board by means of printing and / or etching.
  • the strip line 5 has a width of 1 mm, a height of 35 ⁇ m and an electrical resistance of 50 ohms.
  • the circuit board has a height of 0.5 mm or 0.6 mm and is made of a flame-retardant and flame-retardant composite material, in particular of class FR-4.
  • the dielectric material 2 which has the shape of a circular cylinder, is located on the circuit board and on a front area of the stripline 5 shown on the right.
  • the longitudinal axis of the circular cylindrical dielectric material 2 running from top to bottom is oriented perpendicular to the printed circuit board.
  • the dielectric conductor 2 is made of ceramic material comprising Al 2 O 3 with a height of 2.5 mm and a diameter of 6 mm or 6.5 mm. Has a permittivity of 30.
  • the ring-shaped conductor 3 which consists of a copper layer with a height of 35 ⁇ m, is arranged on the upper side of the dielectric material 2. It is designed in the shape of a circular ring, the outer diameter of the circular ring corresponding to the diameter of the circular cylinder of the dielectric material 2.
  • the planar conductor 4 is arranged in the plane of the annular conductor 3 and in the radial interior of the annular conductor 3. It has the shape of a quarter circle and is also designed as a copper layer with a height of 35 pm.
  • the diameter of the dielectric material 2 which is also circular cylindrical, can be 10 mm.
  • the height of the dielectric material 2 can be 3 mm.
  • the dielectric material 2 can have a permittivity of 10.
  • the dielectric material 2 can have a height of 2.3 mm and a diameter of 6.1 mm.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same circularly polarized antenna in a partially sectioned plan view with an axial direction of view.
  • the section of the stripline 5 located on the conductor 3 is shown in this partially sectioned illustration in finer hatching. It can thus be seen that the strip line 5 continues below the dielectric material 2, protrudes beyond the ring-shaped conductor 3 when viewed in the axial direction and extends so far that the end of the strip line 5 is approximately 0.5 mm away from the flat conductor 4 Has.
  • the circular arc of the flat conductor 4 is parallel to the adjacent circular arc which is defined by the inside of the annular conductor 3.
  • the two arcs are parallel curves. This means that two points located on a radial straight line, of which one point is on the circular arc of the flat conductor 4 and the other point is on the circular arc of the inside of the annular conductor 3, have the same distance.
  • the in The distance measured in the radial direction between the circular arc of the flat conductor 4 and the circular arc defined by the inside of the annular conductor 3 is 0.5 mm.
  • FIG 3 shows a circularly polarized antenna 1 which has the same elements as the circularly polarized antenna 1 shown in FIGS
  • Direction of view is arranged axially symmetrically mirrored in comparison to its arrangement in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the axis on which the reflection takes place is the longitudinal extension direction of the stripline 5. This results in an opposite direction of polarization rotation.
  • Circular polarized antenna 1 Circular polarized antenna 1

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé et un système de détermination de la position d'au moins un objet, en particulier à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment. Dans un procédé de détermination de la position d'au moins un objet, au moins quatre émetteurs émettent des signaux à polarisation circulaire et un récepteur à localiser reçoit les signaux à polarisation circulaire. Au moins deux et en particulier tous les émetteurs émettent des signaux périodiques de fréquences différentes, lesdites fréquences étant étroitement adjacentes.
EP21700298.9A 2020-03-02 2021-01-12 Procédé et système de détermination de la position d'au moins un objet Pending EP4115195A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020202642.4A DE102020202642A1 (de) 2020-03-02 2020-03-02 Verfahren und System zur Positionsbestimmung wenigstens eines Objekts
PCT/EP2021/050446 WO2021175502A1 (fr) 2020-03-02 2021-01-12 Procédé et système de détermination de la position d'au moins un objet

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EP (1) EP4115195A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023517542A (fr)
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WO (1) WO2021175502A1 (fr)

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US6049278A (en) * 1997-03-24 2000-04-11 Northrop Grumman Corporation Monitor tag with patch antenna
US6154173A (en) 1999-03-24 2000-11-28 Trimble Navigation Limited Method and apparatus for processing multipath reflection effects in timing systems
US7315278B1 (en) 2004-07-30 2008-01-01 Novariant, Inc. Multiple frequency antenna structures and methods for receiving navigation or ranging signals
EP2405281A1 (fr) * 2010-07-09 2012-01-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung Procédé et dispositif de détermination de la position et de l'orientation d'un émetteur mobile
US10230174B2 (en) 2016-08-17 2019-03-12 Yan Wang Frequency diverse phased-array antenna
DE102016012101A1 (de) 2016-10-08 2018-04-12 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Positionsbestimmung

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CN115244415A (zh) 2022-10-25
JP2023517542A (ja) 2023-04-26
WO2021175502A1 (fr) 2021-09-10
DE102020202642A1 (de) 2021-09-02

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