EP4093949A1 - Anordnung umfassend einen dampfsättiger sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen anordnung - Google Patents
Anordnung umfassend einen dampfsättiger sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen anordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4093949A1 EP4093949A1 EP21700706.1A EP21700706A EP4093949A1 EP 4093949 A1 EP4093949 A1 EP 4093949A1 EP 21700706 A EP21700706 A EP 21700706A EP 4093949 A1 EP4093949 A1 EP 4093949A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- saturator
- condensate
- condenser
- steam saturator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/08—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam
- F22B1/14—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam coming in direct contact with water in bulk or in sprays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an arrangement comprising a steam saturator for generating saturated steam and a device for replenishing the liquid evaporated in the steam saturator, the steam saturator comprising a steam inlet via which steam is supplied to the steam saturator, the steam saturator comprising a steam outlet for the generated saturated steam, the steam saturator comprises a condensate return and a liquid level of condensate is maintained in the lower region of the steam saturator, which is in fluid connection with the condensate return, the condensate return being connected to the device for replenishing the evaporated liquid.
- Saturated steam is used in many processes because it has two advantages over superheated steam: Firstly, the temperature is directly linked to the pressure, so that the temperature can also be regulated very well via pressure control. Second, saturated steam is better suited for heating other fluids in heat exchangers, as it can condense instantly with high heat transfer coefficients when in contact with cooler surfaces. In the case of superheated steam, on the other hand, it must first be cooled down to the saturation temperature with lower coefficients before condensation begins.
- Saturated steam is either prepared directly in steam generators or made from superheated steam in steam saturators. However, since there are also applications for superheated steam and the transport of superheated steam offers advantages, a steam saturator is usually only used where saturated steam is actually required.
- a steam saturator usually consists of a pressure vessel that is partially filled with liquid (steam condensate or boiler feed water).
- the container can be designed standing or lying.
- a steam distributor through which the superheated steam is introduced into the liquid. Maintaining the pressure ensures that sufficient amounts of superheated steam are replenished in order to maintain the desired process pressure on the saturated steam side. Since the injected steam has to flow through the liquid under a defined pressure, it occurs at the l The surface of the liquid emerges again as saturated steam under this pressure and can be drawn off from the pressure vessel and directed to the consumers.
- the steam saturator can be equipped relatively easily with safety devices for excess temperature and pressure as well as too high / too low a fill level.
- the make-up has been implemented in two different ways: In the case of steam saturators that only supply one consumer, for example the concentrator of an ammonium nitrate system, the condensate from the consumer can be returned directly to the steam saturator. The steam saturator then has an outlet and / or overflow through which the excess condensate can leave the steam saturator / consumer system again.
- the previous alternative consists of a condensate line that refills the steam saturator either via an external pressure line with steam condensate or boiler feed water or an internal return of steam condensate via the steam condensate pumps.
- this line and an external pressure source must be available, as well as an automatic valve to control the fill level in the steam saturator.
- an automatic valve When supplying steam condensate from internal pumps, these pumps must be in operation and apply the necessary delivery pressure in order to be able to deliver into the pressurized steam saturator. This makes the purchase and operation of these pumps more expensive - for small amounts of steam condensate that has to be returned to the steam saturator.
- An automatic valve must also be used here.
- a steam saturator for textile finishing devices is known from DE 27 18 927 A1, the steam saturator here being designed as a standing container and having a conical bottom part in which the water not absorbed by the steam collects. In order to maintain a constant bath level in this conical bottom part, it opens into the lower part of the container a line with a float drain. The respective bathroom level can be read on a water level indicator. Excess water can be drawn off via a drain valve at the lowest point of the container. The excess water can be fed to a pump via a pipe and then circulated via valves and thus returned to the container.
- a method and a system for desulfurizing hot pressurized gases are known.
- a gas containing H2S and water vapor is cooled and passed through an absorption tower in which H2S is washed out and then flows to a steam saturator, in which it is warmed up by a liquid heated in a cooler and saturated with steam.
- Circulating water which is self-condensate from two coolers, is used for saturation.
- the self-condensate is partly discharged and partly the amount of water required to supplement the circuit is withdrawn via a pipe, fed to a scraper and then fed into the steam saturator via a circuit pipe in the upper area.
- the water from the circuit is evaporated into the clean gas in the steam saturator.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement with a steam saturator with the features mentioned at the beginning, in which the make-up of the condensate evaporated in the steam saturator takes place almost automatically.
- the device for replenishing the condensate is designed as a condenser and comprises a cooling device for condensing steam supplied to this device.
- the solution according to the invention provides for the steam saturator to be expanded by a condenser operated with a coolant, for example with cooling water.
- This coolant-operated condenser can preferably be dimensioned relatively small in relation to the volume and size of the steam saturator to which the condenser is assigned.
- This capacitor is preferably sized and arranged that it only generates the quantities of steam condensate required for make-up from saturated steam.
- This also requires a secondary medium, in particular cooling water.
- this is already available in systems of this type and is already monitored with regard to the flow. So there is no need for additional measurement and control technology.
- the solution according to the invention thus takes a different path than the aforementioned prior art.
- the evaporated condensate is not fed to the steam saturator as circulating liquid, i.e. circulating water, but rather the condensate is only generated in the condenser when the condensate level in the steam saturator drops, namely by condensing saturated steam which is transferred from the steam saturator to the condenser is supplied and then condensed in the condenser by means of the cooling device.
- the arrangement preferably comprises at least one connecting line for saturated steam leading from the steam saturator to the condenser, which connection line is provided in order to convey saturated steam from the steam saturator into the condenser.
- the steam for the formation of condensate for refilling (replenishing) the steam saturator is fed to the condenser via this connecting line, so that an additional steam source is not necessary.
- the steam saturator comprises, in addition to a first steam outlet for saturated steam, at least one second steam outlet which is in fluid connection with the condenser via a connecting line.
- the saturated steam generated in the steam saturator is discharged via said first steam outlet and then fed to the corresponding consumption points that require saturated steam.
- the second steam outlet is connected to the condenser via the connecting line and feeds it with saturated steam, which is required to generate condensate for the make-up.
- the steam saturator has at least one condensate return which is in fluid connection with the lower region of the condenser via at least one connecting line. If condensate is generated for the steam saturator in the condenser, this can flow from the condenser to the steam saturator via the connecting line and the condensate return.
- This condensate return is preferably located in a lower region of the steam saturator.
- the steam saturator preferably has, in addition to the condensate return, a regular condensate outlet at a point which, viewed in the vertical direction of the steam saturator, lies above the condensate return for example, if the water level in the steam saturator is too high, condensate can be discharged from the steam saturator.
- the vapor saturator is preferably coupled to the condenser via the connecting lines in the manner of communicating tubes such that when the liquid level of condensate in the vapor saturator changes, the liquid level of condensate in the condenser also changes accordingly.
- a drop in the level of condensate in the steam saturator inevitably also leads to a drop in the level in the condenser, whereby the process of condensing steam is triggered almost automatically in the condenser if there is a need for additional condensate in the steam saturator.
- the cooling device of the condenser preferably has heat transfer surfaces which are flooded with condensate when the level in the steam saturator is normal. As long as this normal level prevails in the steam saturator, no additional condensate is generated in the condenser. However, if the level in the steam saturator drops, the level in the condenser inevitably drops and the aforementioned heat transfer surfaces of the cooling device are then partially exposed and condense saturated steam in the condenser, which is fed to it from the steam saturator. The liquid level of condensate in the steam saturator then rises again.
- Attaching the condenser outside of the steam saturator thus has the advantage that steam condensate is not continuously cooled.
- the condenser can alternatively be arranged both inside and outside the steam saturator. If it is arranged inside the steam saturator, it does not necessarily need its own housing.
- the condenser has less than half, preferably less than a third, particularly preferably only a fraction, for example only a fifth or only a tenth of the container size and the container volume of the steam saturator.
- the condenser is arranged outside the steam saturator and has its own housing, it is a cost advantage if the condenser is smaller than the steam saturator, preferably considerably smaller than the latter.
- the condenser can, for example, be connected to the actual steam saturator via two flange connections.
- One of these flange connections is in the area of a second steam outlet of the steam saturator, from which steam flows from the steam saturator to the condenser via at least one connecting line.
- the second These flange connections are located in the area of the condensate return, via which the condensate generated in the condenser flows to the steam saturator in order to replenish the condensate.
- the condenser located outside the housing of the steam saturator, on the one hand, for example, an inexpensive standard component can be used and, moreover, only a comparatively small heat transfer surface is required.
- the condenser can thus be built relatively small compared to the size of the steam saturator, since the condenser only needs to generate condensate when the liquid level in the steam saturator drops, i.e. the condenser only has to replace the portion of liquid that has evaporated in the steam saturator.
- an ammonium nitrate plant with a capacity of, for example, 1500 t / day is mentioned here. In such a system, the condenser would have an output of around 20 kW, for example, which would have to be discharged into the cooling water.
- the user can order and specify the condenser together with the steam saturator, which reduces administrative costs.
- the cooling device of the condenser has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the cooling medium inlet preferably being fed by an externally supplied cooling medium which is not the condensate occurring in the steam saturator.
- condensate is discharged from the steam saturator as circulating water and used as cooling water in a cooler, where it then heats up and the heated water is mixed with condensate from the cooler and fed back to the steam saturator as circulating water. This is therefore process condensate in connection with condensate from the steam saturator, which is used to fill up the steam saturator.
- the steam saturator comprises a horizontal or a standing pressure vessel, within which a steam distributor is arranged in the lower region below the liquid level.
- a steam distributor is preferably used, which is located below the liquid level in the Steam saturator is located and thus introduces the superheated steam into the liquid (condensate), so that saturated steam is obtained after exiting the liquid.
- This steam distributor is preferably designed as a tube which has numerous holes for the steam outlet and which is connected in its one end area to the steam inlet of the steam saturator.
- An essential further advantage of the solution according to the invention is that an external water source (including the pipeline required for this on the pipe bridge and an automatic valve) can be saved.
- the condenser of the steam saturator can be operated with a medium that is already available for the system and is monitored.
- the system availability increases, while the costs for operation (e.g. energy for generating pressure and conveying to the steam saturator), maintenance and testing decrease.
- the present invention also relates to a method for operating an arrangement comprising a steam saturator and a device for replenishing the liquid evaporated in the steam saturator, in particular for operating an arrangement with the features described above, with saturated steam being generated in the steam saturator by adding superheated steam to the steam saturator (or saturated steam of higher pressure and temperature levels) is supplied, which is introduced via a steam distributor into a liquid volume of condensate in the lower region of the steam saturator, a liquid level of condensate in the steam saturator being maintained by using the device for replenishment that is connected to the Steam saturator is in connection, when the liquid level falls, condensate is replenished, wherein according to the invention steam from the steam saturator is supplied to the device for replenishment, this steam ko in the device for replenishment in a cooling device is ndensiert and the device for replenishing is coupled to the steam saturator via a connecting line for condensate in such a way that when
- heat transfer surfaces of the cooling device in the device for making up are flooded with steam condensate at normal filling level in the steam saturator. In this state, no steam is condensed in the condenser. If, however, the level in the steam saturator drops below the normal level, the heat transfer surfaces of the cooling device in the device for replenishing are partially exposed, because there too, due to the principle of the communicating tubes The liquid level of the condensate drops, as a result of which the steam condenses on these now exposed cooler heat transfer surfaces and steam is condensed in the device. Due to the principle of communicating tubes, the resulting condensate in turn flows into the lower area of the steam saturator, so that the liquid level rises there. This process can alternate and repeat itself, which means that the liquid in the steam saturator is always topped up by the condensate generated in the condenser.
- condensate occurring in the device for replenishing evaporated liquid flows from the device into the steam saturator without pressure and without a separate conveying device.
- This is advantageous compared to known system concepts in which you have to provide pressure lines, an external pressure source, automatic valves to control the fill level in the steam saturator and internal pumps to apply the necessary delivery pressure to be able to pump into the pressurized steam saturator for the make-up.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematically simplified representation of an arrangement according to the invention with a steam saturator and condenser
- FIG. 2 shows an end view of the arrangement with steam saturator and condenser according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged schematic illustration of a detail from FIG. 1 relating to the steam distributor arranged in the steam saturator;
- FIG. 4 shows a sectional view through the steam distributor from FIG. 3.
- the arrangement comprises a steam saturator, which is designated as a whole by the reference numeral 10.
- the steam saturator 10 is a pressure vessel, specifically in the exemplary embodiment a horizontal pressure vessel, that is to say the axis of the approximately cylindrical pressure vessel runs essentially horizontally.
- the steam saturator 10 is used to generate saturated steam, for which purpose there is a liquid level of condensate up to a certain fill level in the steam saturator Condensate can in turn be obtained by condensing steam.
- Superheated steam or saturated steam at a higher pressure and temperature level
- the supplied steam is introduced into the pressure vessel 10 via a steam inlet 12 in the lower area and arrives in a tubular steam distributor 28, which has numerous holes through which the steam exits, is introduced into the liquid, through which the liquid is passed and from this as Saturated steam emerges.
- the saturated steam Via the steam outlet 11 arranged in the upper region of the pressure vessel, the saturated steam can be diverted and fed to a further use.
- the steam saturator 10 comprises a condensate inlet 13 which is arranged, for example, in an upper region and via which condensate can be fed to the steam saturator 10.
- the steam saturator 10 also includes a condensate outlet 14, which can be arranged, for example, in a lateral region of the pressure vessel at a medium height, preferably at a height which corresponds to the maximum liquid level provided for the condensate in the steam saturator 10, so that when this liquid level is exceeded, excess condensate can leave the pressure vessel via the condensate outlet 14.
- the pressure vessel of the steam saturator 10 has an outlet 16, via which the steam saturator can be emptied and drained.
- a filling line 17 is provided in an upper or, alternatively, in a lower area of the pressure vessel, via which the steam saturator can be filled with water / condensate.
- a connection 15 for a safety valve is provided in the upper area of the pressure vessel, so that, if necessary, in the event of excess pressure when the safety valve is activated, steam can be released from the pressure vessel via this connection 15.
- a connection for a vent line 18 is also provided, preferably in an upper region on the pressure vessel.
- the pressure vessel has a manhole 19 in a side area, for example, so that the vessel can be entered through the manhole for maintenance and cleaning purposes.
- the pressure vessel can, for example, have further connections in the upper area, which are provided quasi in reserve, for example in order to connect further units. Connections for measuring devices (e.g. pressure, temperature, level) have not been shown for a better overview.
- a condensate return 27 is arranged on the pressure vessel in a lower end area, the condensate return 27 also being attached to the side, for example can.
- This condensate return TI is connected via a connecting line 25 to a condenser 22 which, in this exemplary embodiment, is arranged outside the steam saturator and has its own housing.
- the size of the condenser 22 is considerably smaller than that of the steam saturator 10, a fraction of the size of the steam saturator 10 generally being sufficient.
- This condenser 22 serves as a device for replenishing the liquid evaporated in the steam saturator by the process of steam saturation.
- the steam saturator 10 comprises a second steam outlet 20 in the upper region, to which a connecting line 21 is connected, which leads to the condenser 22, so that steam can pass from the steam saturator 10 into the condenser 22 via this connecting line 21.
- a cooling device 26 with heat exchange surfaces, which is shown only schematically simplified in FIG. Normally, these heat exchange surfaces are flooded with condensate, so that no further condensate is generated in the condenser 22.
- the steam saturator 10 and the condenser 22 are connected to one another in the lower region via the connecting line 25 and the condensate return 27.
- the connection via the connecting line 25 works according to the principle of communicating tubes. If the liquid level in the steam saturator 10 falls, it also falls accordingly in the condenser 22. As a result, the previously flooded heat exchange surfaces of the cooling device 26 are now partially exposed.
- a coolant for example cooling water, which flows in via the cooling water inlet 23 and exits again via the cooling water outlet 24, is passed through the cooling device 26, for example a coolant loop.
- a coolant that is available in the system can be used here. Since the cooling device 26 is of relatively small construction, a smaller volume flow of coolant is sufficient to feed the cooling device 26.
- Figure 2 shows the steam saturator 10 seen from the front and you can see the second steam outlet 20 in the upper area for the steam supply from the steam saturator 10 to the condenser and the condensate return 27 in the lower area of the steam saturator for the feed of condensate from the condenser 22 to the steam saturator.
- the cooling water loop 26 of the condenser 22, which is fed via the cooling water inlet 23, can also be seen.
- the representation is schematic and the heat exchange surfaces are only indicated.
- FIGs 3 and 4 show a detail from the interior of the steam saturator 10 in an enlarged view.
- a section of the steam distributor 28 is shown, which is a cylindrical tube with numerous holes 29, which is located in the lower area in the steam saturator, namely below the liquid level.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the tube of the steam distributor 28, which is for example cylindrical and has numerous holes 29 for the steam to exit.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020200720.9A DE102020200720A1 (de) | 2020-01-22 | 2020-01-22 | Anordnung umfassend einen Dampfsättiger sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Anordnung |
| PCT/EP2021/050596 WO2021148287A1 (de) | 2020-01-22 | 2021-01-13 | Anordnung umfassend einen dampfsättiger sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen anordnung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4093949A1 true EP4093949A1 (de) | 2022-11-30 |
| EP4093949B1 EP4093949B1 (de) | 2023-11-22 |
Family
ID=74187272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21700706.1A Active EP4093949B1 (de) | 2020-01-22 | 2021-01-13 | Anordnung umfassend einen dampfsättiger sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen anordnung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12292186B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4093949B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020200720A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2973084T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021148287A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023105351A1 (de) * | 2023-03-03 | 2024-09-05 | Dürr Systems Ag | Vorrichtung zur Energieerzeugung und Arbeitsmittelkreislauf-Betriebsverfahren |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2046753C3 (de) | 1970-09-23 | 1974-11-07 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Entschwefelung heißer, unter Druck stehender Gase |
| PL84458B1 (de) | 1970-09-23 | 1976-04-30 | ||
| DE2718927A1 (de) | 1977-04-28 | 1978-11-02 | Kleinewefers Ind Co Gmbh | Dampfsaettiger fuer textilveredlungsvorrichtungen |
| DE3518174A1 (de) | 1985-05-21 | 1986-12-11 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Waermeabfuhrsystem zum abfuehren von nachwaerme aus der primaerzelle eines hochtemperaturreaktors |
| US5038611A (en) | 1989-12-20 | 1991-08-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Apparatus and method for providing a temperature compensated liquid level measurement |
| US7079759B2 (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2006-07-18 | Sakura Seiki Co., Ltd. | Saturated steam generator, steam sterilizer, and steam sterilization method |
| DE102008064252A1 (de) * | 2008-12-20 | 2010-06-24 | Richard Gerhold | Wärmekraftmaschine in barometrischer Aufstellung mit Kondensationswärme-Rückgewinnung |
| CN102564534B (zh) | 2012-01-08 | 2014-01-01 | 秦皇岛华电测控设备有限公司 | 汽包水位磁致液位计 |
| WO2019204339A1 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-24 | Qcip Holdings, Llc | Phase separator and liquid re-saturator for two-phase cooling |
-
2020
- 2020-01-22 DE DE102020200720.9A patent/DE102020200720A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2021
- 2021-01-13 ES ES21700706T patent/ES2973084T3/es active Active
- 2021-01-13 EP EP21700706.1A patent/EP4093949B1/de active Active
- 2021-01-13 US US17/793,105 patent/US12292186B2/en active Active
- 2021-01-13 WO PCT/EP2021/050596 patent/WO2021148287A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2973084T3 (es) | 2024-06-18 |
| EP4093949B1 (de) | 2023-11-22 |
| DE102020200720A1 (de) | 2021-07-22 |
| US12292186B2 (en) | 2025-05-06 |
| WO2021148287A1 (de) | 2021-07-29 |
| US20230043988A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
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