EP4077811A1 - Oberbau für eine strasse oder dergleichen verkehrsweg und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen oberbaus - Google Patents
Oberbau für eine strasse oder dergleichen verkehrsweg und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen oberbausInfo
- Publication number
- EP4077811A1 EP4077811A1 EP20833748.5A EP20833748A EP4077811A1 EP 4077811 A1 EP4077811 A1 EP 4077811A1 EP 20833748 A EP20833748 A EP 20833748A EP 4077811 A1 EP4077811 A1 EP 4077811A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- optionally
- superstructure
- layer
- storing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 178
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 fava Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
- E01C11/226—Coherent pavings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/085—Aggregate or filler materials therefor; Coloured reflecting or luminescent additives therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
- E01C7/325—Joining different layers, e.g. by adhesive layers; Intermediate layers, e.g. for the escape of water vapour, for spreading stresses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
- E01C7/34—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ made of several courses which are not bound to each other ; Separating means therefor, e.g. sliding layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a superstructure for a road or the like traffic route, comprising, viewed in a sequence from top to bottom, at least one bound water-permeable surface layer, a water-permeable, in particular bituminous, cement, synthetic resin or the like adhesive, ge bound base layer and a water-permeable, unbound base course.
- Such superstructures are known from the prior art. At the time of registration in Germany, they are dimensioned in accordance with the RStO 12 guideline for the standardization of the superstructure of traffic areas. Depending on the load class, i. H. i.a. the expected loads, the expected number of load cycles, the frost classes, etc., the individual layers of the superstructure are carried out with different thicknesses and in different numbers.
- the object of the invention is to find a solution for this and, in particular, to reduce the negative effects of the surface sealing caused by the construction of traffic routes on the local climate.
- a superstructure for a road or the like traffic route comprising, viewed in a sequence from top to bottom, at least one bonded water-permeable cover layer which is produced in the cold mixing process and in particular has a binder based on synthetic resin; or which is produced in the cold or hot mixing process, comprising: at least one light-colored binding agent, produced from an originally dark and especially black binding agent colored by means of light-colored pigments, such as Bayferrox or titanium dioxide, which in particular has the hardness level B50 / 70 or B.
- top layer has a retroreflective albedo value of> 0.15, optionally of> 0.18, and / or ⁇ 0.6, and further optionally of 0.25-0, 35 has; at least one water-permeable, in particular bituminous, cement, synthetic resin or the like small bend, bound base course; and at least one water-storing and water-permeable, unbound base layer, this unbound base layer consists of: at least one water-storing mineral fill, in particular stone fill of grain size 2-56mm, preferably 5-32mm; and a water-storing filler fill with a smaller grain size which at least partially fills the cavities of the mineral filler, with the water-storing filler filler at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally at least 95% perlite and / or expanded clay and / or
- this object is achieved by a method for producing a superstructure for a road or similar traffic route, comprising the following steps: Application of at least one water-storing and water-permeable, unbound base layer, consisting of at least one water-storing mineral fill, in particular rock fill of grain size 2 -56mm, preferably 5-32mm, and at least one water-storing filler fill at least partially filling the cavities of the mineral filler with a smaller grain size, in particular as a mixture on a substructure, the water-storing filler filler at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally has at least 95% perlite and / or expanded clay and / or Lia por or the like porous and water-storing fillers; Applying at least one water-permeable, bituminous, cement, synthetic resin or the same bonded base layer to the unbound base layer, and applying at least one water-permeable, bonded cover layer, the bonded cover layer being produced in the cold mixing process and in particular a resin-based binder and a retrore
- the core of the invention is to offer a superstructure whose water balance approximates the structure of a natural surface, for example a field.
- the superstructure is optionally designed in such a way that water and, in particular, rainwater are passed on via the bound cover layer and the bound base course to the unbound base course and are stored there in the water-storing filler bed and optionally in the mineral bed, with excess amounts of water being poured into the da soil lying down can seep away.
- the water stored in the unbound base layer can be given off again in the form of evaporation during periods of drought.
- Asphalt surface courses are usually made with a "black" binder 0-5mm, 0-8mm or 0-11mm with a thickness of 2.5-4 cm and are almost waterproof. Usually they have an albedo value (reflection value) of approx. 0.1 or less, i.e. 10% of the sun's rays are reflected and 90% absorbed (converted into heat). This creates hotspots that cause a microclimate that is uncomfortable for humans in summer.
- Covering layers with lighter binders are known from the drain asphalt area. Like the black binders, they are manufactured using the hot mixing process and are installed with a grain size distribution of 5mm-8mm or 5mm-11mm and a thickness of 3-4cm. The fast removal takes place via the aggregates of the grit grains. The fact that the im The binders used in the hot-mix process become unstable when exposed to thermal stress and clog the pores, which are used for water permeability. This he increases the unwanted surface sealing. In addition, drain asphalt that was initially effective becomes ineffective after a short time.
- a colored, “dark or black” binding agent can also be mixed and installed as drainage asphalt, as this light coloring is combined with the light aggregates (stone, grit and sand)
- the thermal load due to the higher albedo value is reduced and the approach to the water-permeable surface layer is reduced or prevented. Since this top layer requires the support grain, this top layer is optionally mixed with grain sizes 2- 16mm, preferably 2-5mm, 5-8mm or 11-16mm.
- the cavities are becoming smaller, they protect the water-permeable “drainage asphalt” base layers of coarse grain sizes from clogging and have sufficient water permeability, optionally k> 0.01 cm / s.
- the advantage of using the light-colored, optionally clear binder and its processability in the cold mixing process is that it does not melt and clog the pores under thermal stress. In this respect, the top layer is much more durable and resilient.
- the albedo (reflection value) is adjusted to the albedo value of the fields, in particular to 0.25-0.35, especially for areas on which people spend a long time, the albedo value is higher for areas on which people can only stay for a short time e.g. be ⁇ 0.5.
- the retroreflective albedo value should be> 0.15, optionally> 0.18, and / or ⁇ 0.6, and further optionally 0.25-0.35. It is relevant here that an albedo value that is too high results in an increased heat load in areas close to the surface: The solar radiation acts directly from above, and the reflection from below as a reflection. If the albedo value is selected too high, the heat load near the surface increases, although the surface temperature of the asphalt produced as above, especially with alternative binders, is cooler.
- the bound, water-permeable cover layer optionally has a particularly light-colored bulk material bound with the above binder, which has a grain size of at least 70%, optionally at least 90% and further optionally substantially 100% of a grain size of 1-3mm and / or 2-5mm and / or has a thickness of l-5mm and / or an installation thickness of a maximum of 3 cm, optionally a maximum of 2 cm, and further optionally has a grain size of 2-11mm or 5-8mm or 8-11mm with a thickness of 3-5cm.
- the bound cover layer optionally has a water permeability of k> 0.01 cm / s. An optional value of 25% -35% applies for their voids content, further optional of 20% -30%.
- broken, light natural stones with a grain size of l-16mm of individual or different fractions, preferably l-3mm, 2-5mm and 5-8mm, or mixtures of the same, with an alternative, optionally colorless binder with a high adhesive effect, are optionally used as bulk material Mixed and installed on site using the cold mixing process.
- the optional choice of light-colored binders and / or aggregates increases nighttime visibility, safety for pedestrians and cyclists and reduces the costs of street lighting.
- the cover layer is essentially not designed to store anything or only to a very small extent.
- the aggregate is designed in such a way that it stores little or no water and in particular almost no water in its pores.
- surface water, and in particular rainwater reaches the bound and further to the water-storing unbound carrier layer in a reliable manner.
- the cover layer is optionally built on at least one conventional bituminous, cement, synthetic resin or the like adhesive, bonded, water-permeable base layer, optionally with a similar void content as above.
- this base layer too, what applies to the surface layer optionally applies to water storage.
- the construction of this bound surface course and the bound base courses is optionally based on the RStO 2012 (for Germany) or the corresponding regulations of other countries and is adapted to the future traffic loads as provided in these regulations.
- the bound day shift can also consist of one or more layers.
- the bound base layer is optionally 1-2 layers with different grain sizes, optionally coarse-grained below, e.g. PA 32 5mm-32mm, and above fine-grained, e.g. PA 22 or PA 16 5mm-16mm or PA 11 5mm - 11mm built. A plurality of base layers bonded to these can be provided.
- the bonded base course can be made up of 1, 2 or 3 layers.
- the above-mentioned cover layer made of alternative binders protects the particular her conventional bituminous, but of course also cement, synthetic resin or the like bound and water-permeable base layer thermally, since of course there is thermal insulation relative to the installation depth and the increased radiation of the cover layer causes a temperature reduction. This protects the bonded base layer not only from solar radiation but also from the engine heat of the stationary or parked vehicles and other heat sources.
- At least one unbound, water-permeable base layer is built under this water-permeable, bound base layer, which is protected in this way and optionally adapted to the traffic loads, whereby this unbound base layer consists of at least one mineral fill, in particular a rock fill with a grain size of 2-56mm, preferably 5-32mm, and a water-storing filler fill with a smaller grain size that at least partially fills the cavities of the mineral fill, the water-storing filler fill at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally at least 95%, optionally at least 15%, further optionally at 25% in relation to the total volume of the unbound base layer, perlite and / or expanded clay and / or the like has porous and water-storing fillers.
- Such fillers are optionally also, for example, clay granules, pumice, fava, zeolite, expanded clay, broken bricks, or similar water-storing substrates.
- the water storage takes place in the fillers optionally via their pores, with the grain dimensions and surface structure of the filler bed optionally also being selected so that the precipitate seeps through the filler fill interspaces when the pores are essentially completely filled. Backwater when the pore volume is filled is not given. In this way, account is taken of the fact that water passed on to the unbound base layer is stored in the water-storing filler bed and optionally in the mineral filler, with excess quantities of the water seeping into the soil below.
- the unbound day shift can consist of one or more layers, from which NEN at least one as described above and herein is designed to store water.
- the unbound base layer in particular with a built-up layer thickness of 30cm-50cm, has a void content of 15-35%, preferably 20% -30%, at least partially filled with the water-storing filler layer.
- the water-storing filler bed comprises at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally at least 95% water-storing natural materials.
- the unbound base layer has an O-grain content of a maximum of 5%, optionally a maximum of 2% and further optionally of essentially 0%.
- the execution of the base layer basically both the unbound and optionally the bound, with a very low content of small grains and in particular the above content of 0 grain, or a ⁇ 1 mm grain content of a maximum of 5%, optionally a maximum of 2% and more optionally of essentially a maximum of 0.50%, is intended to reduce the water storage in the spaces between the grains or the spaces between the bulk material and thus guarantee good infiltration of water when the pores are saturated.
- the water-storing mineral fill optionally has at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally at least 95% lavalite and / or at least one water-storing mineral fill, comprising at least one from the group of lavalite, basalt, quartzite, granite, greywacke, porphyry, Moraine.
- the unbound base layer has a fluid storage capacity of 30-150 liters / m 2 . It has been found that in this way a very effective re-circulation of the surface water, especially in European widths, can be achieved.
- the unbound base layer is designed in such a way that its fluid storage capacity is at least 200-300 liters / m3 in its water- storing cavities.
- the bound and unbound base layers have an additional, in particular a bottom, fourth layer of gravel or similar angular, broken mineral material with a grain size between 32-63 mm.
- the layer can be part of a lower house, but it can also be arranged on the substructure and also be designed to store water.
- 2 or more unbound support layers can also be arranged, with at least one being water-storing.
- the water-storing, unbound base layer optionally has, in particular with an overall structure with a thickness of 30cm-50cm, a void content filled by the filler bed, whereby small voids naturally also form between the grains of the filler bed.
- the thickness of this unbound, water-permeable and water-storing base layer is optionally based on the future design traffic loads and the frost impact zones. If the soil is poorly stable, it can also be stabilized with a fourth or further layer of gravel, etc., especially under the lowest layer.
- the unbound base layer optionally stores 30-150 liters / m 2 of water, so that it can release water again in the form of water vapor in dry periods, particularly due to the different tiered porosity of the individual layers. The above also applies. Excess surface water and especially rainwater that can no longer be stored is drained into deeper layers. This creates evaporative cooling.
- the overall construction of the superstructure can optionally at least ter between 50-300 Li / m 2, optionally at least 50 to 200 liters / m 2 absorb rain water, thereby in particular sewage system is relieved.
- 25-100% of the sewers for rainwater drainage can be dispensed with.
- the roads are downhill, drainage pipes and similar drainage means should be installed at certain intervals to prevent the roads from overflowing at the lowest point or to prevent pumping when driving in extreme rainfall. The risk of flooding will be greatly reduced.
- the rainwater stored and evaporating in the superstructure is sometimes attached to aerosols found in the city, which can also consist of soot or fine dust. This can have a cleaning effect. As a rule, the shadow-giving clouds resulting from evaporation will rain down again at a distance of 30-60km. The natural cycle is restored.
- the water stored in the unbound base layer of the superstructure has dried out in hot summers, it can be artificially irrigated to bind fine dust and produce evaporative cooling.
- the thermal conductivities of the cover layer and the support layers are designed in such a way that the stored water evaporates, in particular in dry periods, and is released into the environment as water vapor.
- the positive effects of the present invention can include: rainwater storage and flood prevention, especially during heavy rain, sound-absorbing effect, thermal reduction through absorption and evaporation, as well as reflection of solar radiation, improvement of night visibility.
- the resulting evaporation cooling improves the microclimate, the rising clouds provide shade.
- the construction method relieves the sewage system and helps to reduce flooding.
- the evaporating rainwater binds to soot, fine dust and aerosols, which triggers an additional cleaning effect.
- a parking lot for cars of construction class 1.0 first receives a suitable water-permeable base layer made of 26cm gravel from Lavalit 2-32mm with which water-storing perlite is mixed into the cavities and 12cm water-permeable bonded asphalt base layer PA 16.
- a water-permeable top layer of the grain size is created on this structure L-3mm or 2-5mm made with light-colored aggregates and alternative binders with open pores. The albedo value of 0.25 reflects the sun's rays.
- Example 2 Construction of a city street of construction class 3.2
- the substructure is initially given a suitable, water-permeable base layer of 28cm crushed stone 2-32mm, with which water-storing expanded clay is mixed into the cavities. Then 10 cm of water-permeable asphalt base layer PA 32 and 8 cm water-permeable asphalt base layer PA 16 are introduced.
- a water-permeable top layer of grain size 1-3 mm or 2-5 mm with light-colored aggregates and clear alternative binders is created with open pores, so that an albedo is created Value of 0.3 is reached.
- Example 3 making a walkway
- a water-storing base layer On a water-storing base layer, water-permeable paving slabs or similar stones or a water-permeable concrete base layer are built. Surface water is stored in the unbound base layer (e.g. gravel 5-32mm with Liapor as a water reservoir) and allows it to evaporate again.
- unbound base layer e.g. gravel 5-32mm with Liapor as a water reservoir
- the surface is sealed in conventional superstructures, in particular road structures.
- Surface water is sometimes collected in appropriate collecting basins and / or supplied to sewage treatment plants. In many cases, however, it simply seeps into the adjacent soil.
- tire and brake wear result in fine dust and microplastic material.
- microplastics are plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. According to the, the largest proportion of microplastics in the environment (approx. 33%) comes from
- micro-plastics are discharged unfiltered with the rainwater via the sewage system into the rivers and the sea.
- the superstructure defined here optionally has at least one filter layer which is designed to filter fine dust and microplastic particles.
- the filter layer is optionally designed as a flat structure. It optionally extends essentially over the entire surface and in particular within the superstructure. Optionally, it extends below the bound, water-permeable top layer and further optionally below, optionally directly adjacent to, the unbound and water-storing base layer.
- the filter layer is preferably water-permeable.
- the filter layer is designed with fine pores in such a way that it filters out fine dust particles and / or microplastic particles from safe water that penetrates the superstructure at least partially, preferably at least 80%, further optionally at least 90%, and further optionally at least 95%.
- the filter layer is at least partially made of a textile material.
- the filter layer is at least partially, preferably mainly Lich, designed as a flexible textile fabric.
- the filter layer has a fleece material or a similar fine dust and / or microplastic filter material, and in particular a fiber of limited length, continuous fibers (filaments) or cut yarns that are combined to form a fleece, in particular a fiber layer and / or a fiber pile and have been joined to one another;
- the filter layer has at least partially a mechanically consolidated and UV-stabilized, and in particular a PP nonwoven, for example PT 16-PT30.
- the geotextile robustness class corresponds to filter layer 3-5.
- the filter layer has a weight per unit area according to DIN ESO 9864 of 165 g / m 2 -330 g / m 2 .
- the filter layer has a thickness between 1mm - 2mm, optionally 1.1mm - 1.6mm.
- the filter layer has an opening width according to DIN EN ISO of 65-75 gm.
- the filter layer has a water permeability (normal to the plane) according to DIN EN ISO 12956 of 28-70 lm 2 s.
- the filter layer has a water drainage capacity in the plane with a load of 20 kPa according to DIN EN ISO 12958 of 1.80E-0.3 - 6.10E-0.3.
- the filter layer is made, in particular partially of plastic, in such a way that it has a useful life of at least 25 years in a soil with a pH value> 4 or ⁇ 9 and a soil temperature ⁇ 25 degrees Celsius.
- the filter layer is designed as a flexible flat structure in such a way that it can be stored as a roll when it is not installed.
- the filter layer optionally has a width of 2.0 m - 6.0 m and / or a length of 100 m.
- the filter layer is made up of several flat structures, in particular running essentially parallel next to one another and / or in a crossed position. arranges.
- the filter layer has overlapping joints of the planar structures running essentially parallel to one another.
- At least one of the filter layers defined above can be arranged in any other superstructure, and in particular road structure, comprising at least one cover layer and at least one base layer.
- filter layer and all specifications, in particular the filter layer, can be integrated identically into the method according to the invention disclosed here, with the optional fact that the filter layer can optionally be used in any other conventional installation method for an in particular conventional superstructure.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the superstructure according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the unbound base layer according to FIG. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a cross section through a further embodiment of the superstructure according to the Invention.
- words such as “substantially”, “approximately” or “generally / generally” are to be interpreted to include at least deviations of a dimension of 10% or less, preferably 5% or less, or deviations from a shape that would fall within the scope of the relevant definition to one skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of the superstructure 1 according to the invention for a street or a similar traffic route 100.
- This traffic route 100 is also shown schematically here, with the superstructure 1 and at least one following base layer 8 or lower layer 8 or the like layers.
- this layer 8 can be designed as a fourth layer, which can be installed as an additional stabilization layer, in particular in the case of substructures with little load-bearing strength. It is optionally made of crushed stone or a similar angular, broken mineral material with a grain size between 32 to 63 mm.
- the substructure made available for the superstructure is not shown here in detail.
- layer 8 can also represent a substructure of the traffic route. All construction variations known from the prior art are conceivable here
- the superstructure 1 comprises, viewed in a sequence from top to bottom, at least one bonded, water-permeable cover layer 2, which is produced using the cold mixing method. Reference is made here to all of the sections mentioned above, in which it is described how such a cover layer can be constructed.
- the cover layer optionally has a synthetic resin-based binder. It also has a retroreflective albedo value of> 0.15, optionally of> 0.18 and / or ⁇ 0.6, and further optionally of 0.25-0.35 au. This leads to an increased reflection of the solar radiation, but nevertheless contributes to the evaporation, as mentioned below, of the water quantities stored in the base layers below.
- a cover layer can also be used which is produced using the cold or hot mixing process and comprises the following: At least one light-colored binder, produced from an originally colored by means of light-colored pigments, such as Bayferrox or titanium dioxide dark and especially black binder, which in particular has the hardness level B50 / 70 or B 30/45 or B 20/30, or a polymer-modified binder, and in particular a binder based on synthetic resin; and pale rocks and / or sands; wherein the cover layer 2 likewise has a retroreflective albedo value, a retroreflective albedo value of> 0.15, optionally of> 0.18, and / or ⁇ 0.6, and further optionally of 0.25-0.35 .
- the top layer 2 is followed by a water-permeable, in particular bituminous, cement ment, synthetic resin or the like adhesive, bonded base layer 4.
- a water-permeable, in particular bituminous, cement ment, synthetic resin or the like adhesive bonded base layer 4.
- This unbound base layer 6 consists, as already described in detail in the introductory part, of at least one water-storing mineral fill 10, in particular a rock fill of grain size 2 to 56 mm, preferably 5 to 32 mm, and one of the cavities of the mineral fill 10 at least partially filling water-storing filler bed 12 with a smaller grain size, the water-storing filler bed 12 having at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally at least 95% perlite and / or expanded clay and / or Liapor or the like having porous and water-storing fillers .
- a water-storing mineral fill 10 in particular a rock fill of grain size 2 to 56 mm, preferably 5 to 32 mm
- the cavities of the mineral fill 10 at least partially filling water-storing filler bed 12 with a smaller grain size
- the water-storing filler bed 12 having at least 50%, optionally at least 75% and further optionally at least 95% perlite and / or expanded clay and / or Liapor or the like having porous and water-storing fillers
- the superstructure is optionally designed in such a way that surface water 20, in particular rainwater, is passed on via the bound cover layer 2 and the bound base layer 4 to the unbound base layer 6. There the water is stored in the water-storing filler bed 12 and optionally in the mineral filler 10, with excess quantities of the water seeping into the soil below. This is shown by way of example by the arrows 9, 19.
- Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the superstructure according to the invention.
- the superstructure corresponds essentially to the superstructure according to FIG. 1, and can have all the corresponding specifications as mentioned herein.
- the superstructure can also be a conventional superstructure, comprising at least one cover layer and at least one base layer.
- a filter layer 11 is arranged here.
- the filter layer extends optionally below the bound water-permeable cover layer 2, further optionally below, optionally directly adjacent to the unbound and water-storing support layer 6.
- the filter layer 11 is designed as a flat structure. It optionally extends essentially over the entire surface and in particular within the superstructure 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019135231 | 2019-12-19 | ||
DE102020103080.0A DE102020103080A1 (de) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-06 | Oberbau für eine Straße oder dergleichen Verkehrsweg und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen |
PCT/EP2020/086000 WO2021122464A1 (de) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-12-14 | Oberbau für eine strasse oder dergleichen verkehrsweg und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen oberbaus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4077811A1 true EP4077811A1 (de) | 2022-10-26 |
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ID=76205696
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20833748.5A Pending EP4077811A1 (de) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-12-14 | Oberbau für eine strasse oder dergleichen verkehrsweg und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen oberbaus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4077811A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020103080A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021122464A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2404213B (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2007-08-01 | Tarmac Ltd | Water management system |
DE102004029869B4 (de) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-03-22 | BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung | Straßenbelag |
GB0501097D0 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2005-02-23 | Univ Coventry | Paving system |
JP2006283381A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | 遮熱性・保水性舗装 |
WO2010061905A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-03 | 株式会社ブリッジ | 舗装体、舗装体の施工方法およびコンクリート用型枠 |
CN109594445A (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-09 | 武汉市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | 一种生态环保彩色透水沥青路面及其施工方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-02-06 DE DE102020103080.0A patent/DE102020103080A1/de active Pending
- 2020-12-14 EP EP20833748.5A patent/EP4077811A1/de active Pending
- 2020-12-14 WO PCT/EP2020/086000 patent/WO2021122464A1/de unknown
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DE102020103080A1 (de) | 2021-06-24 |
WO2021122464A1 (de) | 2021-06-24 |
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