EP4069961A1

EP4069961A1 - Aqueous solution injection system installed in a vehicle with a mechanical valve

Info

Publication number: EP4069961A1
Application number: EP20815849.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rémi Thebault; Franck Dhaussy; Philippe CHAZALON
Original assignee: Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research SA
Current assignee: Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research SA
Priority date: 2019-12-03
Filing date: 2020-12-02
Publication date: 2022-10-12
Also published as: CN114787496B; CN114787496A; WO2021110780A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical valve (1) for an aqueous solution system installed in a vehicle, comprising at least a first chamber (10) and a second chamber (11) separated by a separation wall (12), comprising a through-hole (120) provided with an opening and closing means (13) comprising a first element (130) comprising a unit (1300) for blocking the through-hole (120) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1) and having an extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) and a second element (131) located within the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1), the second element (131) comprising a deformable module (1310); the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13) is suitable for applying a force on the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) by changing the shape of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (13) by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber (11) and atmospheric pressure, the force allowing the two chambers (10, 11) to be brought into fluid communication by moving the blocking unit (1300) of the first element (130); the mechanical valve (1) being such that the first chamber (10) is suitable for being fluidly connected to at least one injector and the second chamber (11) is suitable for being fluidly connected to an aqueous solution distribution module.

Description

Title of the invention:

ON-BOARD AQUEOUS SOLUTION INJECTION SYSTEM

IN A VEHICLE WITH A MECHANICAL VALVE

The invention relates to a mechanical valve for an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle. The invention also relates to an aqueous solution injection system comprising said mechanical valve and a method for controlling the mechanical valve. More particularly, the invention relates to a mechanical valve for a water injection system in a heat engine on board a vehicle or for an injection system of aqueous urea solution within the exhaust line of combustion gas from a thermal internal combustion engine on board a motor vehicle.

The strategy of injecting water into an internal combustion engine on board a vehicle requires that the pressure in the supply line of the water injection system be maintained in the injectors in order to prevent water from n 'comes to a boil. Therefore, a valve for a water injection system in an internal combustion engine on board a vehicle requires the use of energy, for example electric, to open and close the injection valve, but also to use. an electronic control module (ECU) managing the opening and closing functions of said valve. This control module also requires the use and development of control software. The costs associated with such a valve and with a system for injecting water into an internal combustion engine on board a vehicle comprising it are therefore considerably high. The injection of aqueous urea solution into the exhaust line of the combustion gases of an internal combustion heat engine on board a motor vehicle also requires the injection pump to be kept in operation in order to maintain the pressure in the supply line of the aqueous urea solution injection system or / and the use of electrical energy to open and close the injection valve, but also to use a control module. electronic control (ECU) managing the opening and closing functions of said valve.

There is therefore a need for a valve for an on-board aqueous solution injection system having a level of performance similar to existing valves but requiring less energy in its controls and less software control while at the same time having a cost. inferior.

A first object of the present invention is therefore to provide a valve, included in an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle, which overcomes the problems listed previously. More particularly, a first object of the invention relates to a mechanical valve included in a system for injecting water into a heat engine on board a vehicle or else included in a system for injecting an aqueous solution of urea within a system. the exhaust line of the combustion gases from an internal combustion heat engine on board a motor vehicle.

A second object of the invention is to provide a method of controlling said aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprising said valve. More particularly, a second object of the invention relates to a method of controlling said water injection system in a heat engine on board a vehicle comprising said valve or else a method of controlling said injection system of aqueous solution of urea within the exhaust line of the combustion gases of an internal combustion heat engine on board a motor vehicle comprising said valve.

The above objective is achieved by an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprising a mechanical valve according to the present invention.

According to a particular embodiment, the invention relates to an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprising a mechanical valve.

According to the invention, such a system comprises a mechanical valve comprising at least a first chamber and a second chamber separated by a partition wall, said wall comprising a through hole, said through hole being provided with means for opening and closing. closing said through-hole, the opening and closing means comprising:

• a first element comprising a unit for closing the through-hole located in the first chamber of the mechanical valve and having an extension unit extending into the second chamber of the mechanical valve comprising at least one rod integral with the unit shutter, the rod being configured to act as a lever arm around an axis in purge mode of an injection line of the injection system;

• a second element located in the second chamber of the mechanical valve, said second element comprising a deformable module; wherein the deformable module of the second element of the opening and closing means is able to apply a force on the extension unit of the first element of the opening and closing means by modifying the shape of the deformable module of the second element by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber and atmospheric pressure, said force allowing the two chambers to be placed in fluid communication by a displacement, in rotation about the axis, of the sealing unit of the first element; the mechanical valve being such that the first chamber is capable of being fluidly connected to at least one injector and the second chamber is capable of being fluidly connected to an aqueous solution distribution module. Preferably, the deformable module is fixed to a wall of the second chamber contiguous to the separation wall, said wall comprising the deformable module being preferably oriented parallel to the direction of flow of aqueous solution within the mechanical valve.

The general principle of the invention is based on the use of pressure differentials between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the second chamber on the one hand but also between the second chamber and the first chamber on the other hand in order to control the pressure. opening and closing of the mechanical valve for the operations of injection, purging of the injection line by suction, and closing of said valve. These pressure variations resulting from the aspiration or injection activities of the aqueous solution injection module.

The fact that the movement of the shutter unit to open the through-hole of the partition wall is done by rotation further facilitates the movement of the shutter unit. Indeed, if the shutter unit were configured to be moved in translation, it would be necessary to provide a force acting on the shutter unit sufficient to overcome an opposing force acting on the shutter unit to hold it against the through hole. This constraint can be overcome by moving the rotational shutter unit so that less force from the deformable module is required to open the through hole.

The expression “aqueous solution” is understood to denote demineralized water, that is to say water having an electrical conductivity less than or equal to 50 microsiemens per centimeter (pS / cm) at 20 degrees Celsius (° C), or even less than or equal to 15 pS / cm at 20 ° C or else an aqueous solution comprising urea such as a solution of AdBlue® type comprising 32.5% by weight of urea and 67.5% by weight of water demineralized.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the means for opening and closing said through-hole comprises a third element located in one of the two chambers. of the mechanical valve, said third element exerting a force on the shutter unit of the first element. Said third element is preferably a spiral spring and / or a flexion bar. Preferably, the third element of the means for opening and closing said through hole is located in the first chamber of the mechanical valve.

Thus such an embodiment makes it possible to use the valve according to the invention in any orientation thanks to the force exerted by the third element on the shutter unit. Further, it is further understood that the fact that the opening of the through-hole is made by a rotation of the shutter unit rather than by a translation makes it possible not to have to compress the third member, so that a force less, provided by the deformable module, is necessary to open the through-hole.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that at least part of the partition wall including the through hole projects into the first chamber.

Thus such an embodiment makes it possible to obtain a seat for the shutter unit.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such as the unit for closing the through-hole of the first element located in the first chamber of the mechanical valve. is of planar or spherical or ellipsoidal shape, preferably ellipsoidal of revolution.

Thus, such an embodiment makes it possible to obtain excellent sealing of the mechanical valve in the case of a valve whose closure unit has a spherical shape and whose seat obtained by the projection of part of the wall. comprising the through hole in the first chamber is conical in shape. Alternatively, a valve with an ellipsoidal shutter unit makes it easier to open the valve at equal stress.

Advantageously, the closure unit is provided with a means for fixing the third element. The spherical-shaped shutter unit advantageously comprises a valve allowing easier fluid communication between the two chambers. The blocking unit of ellipsoidal shape can include an additional offset fulcrum making it possible to obtain a wider fluidic connection between the two chambers, advantageously a second fulcrum offset from the first makes it possible to obtain a fluidic connection. even more important. By the term plug is meant more particularly to denote a hole passing through the spherical closure unit, or a groove hollowed out in the closure unit or a geometric shape capable of constituting a fluidic communication channel between the two chambers, preferably the plug is a hole passing through the spherical shutter unit. The vehicle-mounted aqueous solution injection system comprises a mechanical valve such that the extension unit extending into the second chamber of the mechanical valve of the first element includes at least one stem.

Thus an extension unit in the form of a rod allows the benefit of a larger lever arm reducing the force to be exerted to move the shutter unit.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention of the previous mode, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the rod is curved or bent at least in one place, preferably in two places with opposite fold angles.

Thus, such a rod makes it possible to reduce the deformation of the deformation modulus in order to exert the necessary force on the extension unit of the first element of the opening and closing means, allowing the two chambers to be placed in fluid communication by a displacement. of the shutter unit of the first element.

According to an alternative embodiment to the previous mode, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the stem is straight.

Thus, such a rod allows demoulding without a parting line in the sealing zone.

According to an alternative embodiment to the previous embodiment, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the shape of the deformable module makes it possible to reduce the length of the extension unit of the first element of the means. opening and closing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the deformable module of the second element comprises an elastomeric membrane.

According to a preferred embodiment of the previous mode, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the elastomeric membrane rests on a wall of the second chamber provided with at least one opening.

Thus, due to its greater elastic properties, such a membrane makes it possible to exert a better transfer of the force resulting from the pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber and the atmospheric pressure. The presence of at least one opening in the wall of the second chamber makes it possible to effect the deformation at the location of the opening. Preferably the membrane rests on a grid. Advantageously, the wall provided with at least one opening, advantageously the grid, is lined, on its exterior face relative to the second chamber, with retention elements in order to avoid excessive deformation of the membrane towards the exterior. . According to a preferred embodiment of the previous mode, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that the elastomeric membrane comprises a rigid zone and a deformable zone, preferably the rigid zone is a central zone and the deformable zone is a peripheral zone.

Thus the rigid zone makes it possible to have a firmer contact surface with the extension unit of the first element of the opening and closing means, the deformable zone allowing the raising or lowering of the rigid zone depending on the pressure differential between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the second chamber. By the term rigid zone is meant that the rigid zone of the elastomeric membrane undergoes little or no change in shape compared to the deformable zone under the effect of the pressure differential.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle comprises a mechanical valve such that it comprises, within the second chamber of the mechanical valve, means limiting the deformation of the deformable module. of the second element of the opening and closing means. Preferably, the means limiting the deformation of the deformable module is a stop element. The stop element is preferably located on a wall of the second chamber of the mechanical valve opposite the wall comprising the deformable module. Advantageously, the stop element prevents excessive deformation of the deformable module, or even deterioration of the deformable module.

A second object of the present invention is also to provide a method of controlling a mechanical valve of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method of controlling a mechanical valve of an aqueous solution system on board a vehicle according to the invention comprises the following steps depending on the demand of the vehicle:

• An aqueous solution injection step by opening the mechanical valve comprising:

I. Boosting with respect to atmospheric pressure in the second chamber of the mechanical valve to at least 2 bars, preferably 10 bars;

II. Opening of the through-hole by displacement of the closure unit by application of a force greater than the force exerted by the weight of the first element or by the third element, third element preferably located in the first chamber, of the mechanical valve; III. Fluid communication between the two chambers and injection of aqueous solution;

• Mechanical valve closing step comprising:

I. Compression of the through-hole closure unit by the reverse flow of fluid, by the weight of the first element or by the third element, the third element preferably located in the first chamber of the mechanical valve, when the pressure in the second chamber of the mechanical valve is lower than the pressure in the first chamber, preferably equal to atmospheric pressure;

• Purge step of the injection system line comprising:

I. Pressurization with respect to atmospheric pressure of the second chamber of the mechanical valve to at least 200mbar;

II. Displacement of the shutter unit by applying a force to the extension unit of the first element via a deformation of the deformable modulus of the second element of the opening and closing means;

III. Fluid communication between the two chambers and purge of the line.

By the expressions “pressurization with respect to atmospheric pressure” or “pressurization with respect to atmospheric pressure”, is meant to denote a pressure value in the second chamber expressed in absolute magnitude.

Brief description of the figures

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

[Fig. 1] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a first embodiment of a mechanical valve of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention.

[Fig. 2] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a deformable elastomeric membrane module as used in the mechanical valve according to the invention.

[Fig. 3] FIG. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional schematic view illustrating an embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the hole passing through the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to the invention.

[Fig. 4] FIG. 4 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the mode of opening of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to l invention illustrated in Figure 3.

[Fig. 5] FIG. 5 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the mode of opening of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to l invention illustrated in Figure 3.

[Fig. 6] FIG. 6 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating a variant of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to the invention.

[Fig. 7] FIG. 7 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the mode of opening of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to l invention illustrated in Figure 6.

[Fig. 8] FIG. 8 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating another variant of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to the invention .

[Fig. 9] FIG. 9 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the mode of opening of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to l invention illustrated in figure 8.

[Fig. 10] FIG. 10 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating another variant of the embodiment of the first element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers of the mechanical valve according to the invention .

[Fig. 11] FIG. 11 is a detailed cross-sectional schematic view illustrating a variant of the embodiment of the third element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers within the mechanical valve according to FIG. invention.

[Fig. 12] FIG. 12 is a detailed cross-sectional schematic view of the third element shown in FIG. 11 and illustrating the bending of the third element of the means opening and closing of the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers within the mechanical valve according to the invention

[Fig. 13] FIG. 13 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating another variant of the embodiment of the third element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers within the mechanical valve according to l 'invention.

[Fig. 14] FIG. 14 is a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating a different variant of the embodiment of the third element of the means for opening and closing the through hole of the partition wall between the two chambers within the mechanical valve according to l 'invention.

[Fig. 15] Figure 15 illustrates the operation of the mechanical valve according to the invention in injection mode.

[Fig. 16] Figure 16 illustrates the operation of the mechanical valve according to the invention in closed mode.

[Fig. 17] Figure 17 illustrates the operation of the mechanical valve according to the invention in purge mode of the injection line.

[Fig. 18] Figure 18 is a detailed cross-sectional schematic view illustrating a mechanical valve according to an alternative embodiment of the rod forming the extension unit.

[Fig. 19] Figure 19 is a detailed cross-sectional schematic view illustrating the mode of movement of the shutter unit of the mechanical valve of Figure 18.

[Fig. 20] Figure 20 is a detailed cross-sectional schematic view illustrating the shutter unit of the mechanical valve in the configuration of Figure 19.

detailed description

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention. The mechanical valve (1) comprises a first chamber (10) and a second chamber (11) separated by a wall (12), said wall (12) comprising a through hole (120), at least part of the wall (12) ) comprising the through hole (120) projects into the first chamber (10). The through hole (120) is provided with an opening and closing means (13). The opening and closing means (13) of the through-hole (120) comprises a first element (130) comprising a shut-off unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) of flat shape located in the first chamber (10). of the mechanical valve (1) and having an extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). The extension unit (1301) is a rod (1302) bent at two places with opposite bend angles so as to reduce the distance between the rod (1302) and a second member (131) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120). The second element (131) of the means for opening and closing (13) of the through-hole (120) is located in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1), said second element

(131) comprising a deformable module (1310). The deformable module (1310) is preferably an elastomeric membrane (13100). The deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13) is able to apply a force on the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) of the opening means. and closing (13) by modifying the shape of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber (11) and the atmospheric pressure, said force allowing the placing the two chambers (10, 11) in fluid communication by a displacement, in rotation about an axis (X), of the sealing unit (1300) of the first element (130). The deformable module (1310) made of elastomeric membrane (13100) rests on a wall (14) provided with at least one opening (140) of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). Preferably, the wall (14) is a grid lined on its outer face with respect to the second chamber (11) of retention elements (15) in order to avoid too great a deformation of the membrane (13100) towards the outside. . The mechanical valve (1) is such that the first chamber (10) is capable of being fluidly connected to at least one injector, not shown, and the second chamber (11) is capable of being fluidly connected to a distribution module. of aqueous solution not shown. The means for opening and closing (13) of the through hole (120) of the mechanical valve (1) comprises a third element

(132) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1), said third member (132) exerting a force on the shutter unit (1300) of the first member (130) is a spiral spring.

FIG. 2 shows a deformable module (1310) made of an elastomeric membrane (13100) as used in the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. The elastomeric membrane (13100) includes a central rigid zone (131000) and a peripheral deformable zone (131001). The central rigid zone (131000) makes it possible to have a firmer contact surface with the extension unit of the first element of the opening and closing means (not shown), the deformable zone (131001) allowing for its lifting. or the lowering of the rigid zone (131000) as a function of the pressure differential between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the second chamber of the mechanical valve, not shown. Note that the elastomeric membrane (13100) comprises an additional rigid zone (131002) intended for fixing the membrane (13100) to a wall of the second chamber of the mechanical valve, not shown. There is shown in Figure 3 a first embodiment of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. The first member (130) comprises a first member (130) comprising an ellipsoidal shaped through-hole (120) sealing unit (1300) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1) and having a unit extension (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). An ellipsoidal shape of the shutter unit (1300) allows easier opening of the valve (1). The partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) forms a conically shaped seat (121) in its part extending towards the first chamber (10) serving as a receptacle for the valve. shutter unit (1300). The shutter unit (1300) is also provided with a fixing means (13000) of the third element (132) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120). The third element (132) is represented by the first turns of a spiral spring. The ellipsoidal shutter unit (1300) also includes an additional offset fulcrum (13001) allowing a wider fluid connection between the two chambers (10, 11) and a second fulcrum (13001) to be obtained ( 13002) offset from the first (13001) to obtain an even greater fluidic connection. The dashed line represents a reference plane of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) in the closed position, it makes it possible to indicate the extent of the tilting and therefore of the opening.

There is shown in Figures 4 and 5 a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the mode of opening of the embodiment of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the wall of separation (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 3. We observe the effect obtained by the presence of the additional fulcrum (13001) offset allowing to obtain a wider fluidic connection between the two chambers (10, 11) (figure 4) and a second fulcrum (13002) offset from the first (13001) allowing to obtain an even greater fluidic connection (figure 5). The dotted arrows indicate the direction of the liquid flow and its importance. The dashed line is a reference plane of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) in the closed position, it allows to indicate the extent of the tilting and therefore of the opening.

There is shown in Figure 6 a second embodiment of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. The first element (130) comprises a unit for closing the hole (1300) spherically shaped feedthrough (120) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1) and having an extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). A spherical shape of the closure unit (1300) makes it possible to obtain excellent sealing of the mechanical valve (1). The partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) forms a conically shaped seat (121) in its part extending towards the first chamber (10) serving as a receptacle for the valve. shutter unit (1300). The shutter unit (1300) is also provided with a fixing means (13000) of the third element (132) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120). The third element (132) is represented by the first turns of a spiral spring. The spherically shaped sealing unit (1300) also includes a through hole (13003) to achieve a better controlled maximum fluid connection between the two chambers (10, 11).

There is shown in Figure 7 a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the mode of opening of the embodiment of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall. (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 6. The effect obtained by the presence of the through hole (13003) present in the unit is observed. 'spherical shaped seal (1300), the flow of liquid passing through the through hole (13003) when the fluid connection is established between the two chambers (10, 11). The dotted arrow indicates the direction of liquid flow.

There is shown in Figure 8 a third embodiment of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. The first element (130) comprises a shutter unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) of spherical shape provided with a plug (13004) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1) and having a extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). The partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) forms a conically shaped seat (121) in its part extending towards the first chamber (10) serving as a receptacle for the valve. shutter unit (1300). The sealing unit (1300) is also provided with a means for fixing (13000) the third element (132) of the means for opening and closing (13) of the through hole (120). The third element (132) is represented by the first turns of a spiral spring. The bushel (13004) is in the form of a groove made in the shutter unit (1300).

There is shown in Figure 9 a detailed transverse schematic view illustrating the opening mode of the embodiment of the first element (130) of the means opening and closing (13) of the through hole (120) of the separation wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention illustrated in FIG. observes the effect obtained by the presence of the plug (13004) present in the form of a hollow groove in the spherical-shaped shutter unit (1300). The liquid flow passes through the plug (13004) when the fluid connection is established between the two chambers (10, 11). The dotted arrow indicates the direction of liquid flow.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a mechanical valve (1) for an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention. The mechanical valve (1) comprises a first chamber (10) and a second chamber (11) separated by a wall (12), said wall (12) comprising a through hole (120), at least part of the wall (12) ) comprising the through hole (120) projects into the first chamber (10). The through hole (120) is provided with an opening and closing means (13). The opening and closing means (13) of the through-hole (120) comprises a first element (130) comprising a shut-off unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) of flat shape located in the first chamber (10). of the mechanical valve (1) and having an extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). The extension unit (1301) is a rod (1302) bent at two places with opposite bend angles so as to reduce the distance between the rod (1302) and a second member (131) of the opening means and closure (13) of the through hole (120). The second element (131) of the means for opening and closing (13) of the through-hole (120) is located in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1), said second element (131) comprising a deformable module (1310). The deformable module (1310) is preferably an elastomeric membrane (13100). The deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13) is able to apply a force on the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) of the opening means. and closing (13) by modifying the shape of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber (11) and the atmospheric pressure, said force allowing the placing the two chambers (10, 11) in fluid communication by a displacement, in rotation about an axis (X), of the sealing unit (1300) of the first element (130). The deformable module (1310) made of elastomeric membrane (13100) rests on a wall (14) provided with at least one opening (140) of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). Preferably, the wall (14) is a grid lined on its outer face with respect to the second chamber (11) of retention elements (15) in order to avoid too great a deformation of the membrane (13100) towards the outside. . The mechanical valve (1) is such that the first chamber (10) is suitable for be fluidly connected to at least one injector, not shown, and the second chamber (11) is capable of being fluidly connected to an aqueous solution distribution module, not shown. The means for opening and closing (13) the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) of the mechanical valve (1) comprises a third element (132) located in the first chamber (10) of the valve. mechanical (1), said third member (132) exerting a force on the shutter unit (1300) of the first member (130) is a spiral spring. The shutter unit (1300) is provided with a fixing means (13000) of the third element (132) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120). The fixing means (13000) is preferably a protuberance of slightly smaller diameter than that of the spiral spring in order to allow easy mounting of the valve by inserting the protuberance into the spiral spring.

FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention. The mechanical valve (1) comprises a first chamber (10) and a second chamber (11) separated by a wall (12), said wall (12) comprising a through hole (120), at least part of the wall (12) ) comprising the through hole (120) projects into the first chamber (10). The through hole (120) is provided with an opening and closing means (13). The opening and closing means (13) of the through-hole (120) comprises a first element (130) comprising a shut-off unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) of ellipsoidal shape located in the first chamber (10). of the mechanical valve (1) and having an extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). The sealing unit (1300) of the ellipsoidal-shaped through-hole (120) rests on a conical-shaped seat (121). The extension unit (1301) is a rod (1302) bent at two places with opposite bend angles so as to reduce the distance between the rod (1302) and a second member (131) of the opening means and closure (13) of the through hole (120). The second element (131) of the means for opening and closing (13) of the through-hole (120) is located in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1), said second element (131) comprising a deformable module (1310). The deformable module (1310) is preferably an elastomeric membrane (13100). The deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13) is able to apply a force on the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) of the opening means. and closing (13) by modifying the shape of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber (11) and the atmospheric pressure, said force allowing the fluid communication between the two chambers (10, 11) by a displacement, in rotation about an axis (X), of the shutter unit (1300) of the first element (130). The deformable module (1310) made of elastomeric membrane (13100) rests on a wall (14) provided with at least one opening (140) of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1). Preferably, the wall (14) is a grid lined on its outer face with respect to the second chamber (11) of retention elements (15) in order to avoid too great a deformation of the membrane (13100) towards the outside. . The mechanical valve (1) is such that the first chamber (10) is capable of being fluidly connected to at least one injector, not shown, and the second chamber (11) is capable of being fluidly connected to a distribution module. of aqueous solution not shown. The means for opening and closing (13) of the through-hole (120) of the mechanical valve (1) comprises a third element (132) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1), said third element (132) exerting a force on the shutter unit (1300) of the first member (130) is a bending bar.

FIG. 12 shows the bending of the third element (132) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11) at the within the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention as presented in FIG. 11 when the mechanical valve (1) is opened, placing the two chambers (10, 11) in fluid connection. The deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13) applies a force to the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means (13) by modifying the shape of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber (11) and atmospheric pressure, said force allowing communication to be placed fluidity of the two chambers (10, 11) by a displacement, in rotation about the axis (X), of the sealing unit (1300) of the first element (130). The deformable module (1310) in elastomeric membrane (13100) moves away from the wall (14) provided with at least one opening (140) of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) due to the differential pressures. The wall (14) is a grid lined on its outer face with respect to the second chamber (11) of retention elements (15) in order to avoid excessive deformation of the membrane (13100) outwards.

There is shown in Figures 13 and 14 alternatives of the embodiment of the third element (132) of the opening and closing means (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers. (10, 11) within the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. FIG. 13 illustrates a third element (132) of the means for opening and closing (13) of the through hole (120) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. Said third element (132) is located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1) and comprises a flexion bar and a spiral spring. FIG. 14 illustrates a third element (132) of the means for opening and closing (13) of the through hole (120) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention. Said third element (132) is located in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) and comprises a spiral spring. The spiral spring is connected to the rod (1302) forming the extension unit (1301) and a wall (14) of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) according to the invention.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the operation of the mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention in injection mode. The step of injecting an aqueous solution by opening the mechanical valve (1) comprises putting overpressure relative to the atmospheric pressure of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) to at least 2 bars, preferably 10 bars. This overpressure step is carried out via the pump of the aqueous solution injection module, not shown in the figure. The opening of the through-hole (120) is effected by a displacement, in rotation around the axis (X), of the closing unit (1300) of the first element (130) of the opening and closing means. (13) of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11). This displacement results from the application of a force greater than the force exerted by the third element (132) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1). The pressure prevailing in the second chamber (11) is therefore greater than atmospheric pressure. This higher force is the hydraulic force resulting from the engagement of the pump of the aqueous solution injection module, not shown. This results in fluid communication between the two chambers (10, 11) of the mechanical valve (1) and the injection of aqueous solution. This injection is carried out at a flow rate of around 80 L / h, which results in a pressure drop of one bar between the inlet of the mechanical valve (1) in the second chamber

(11) and the outlet of the mechanical valve (1) in the first chamber (10). The dotted arrows indicate the direction of water circulation considering the direction of injection.

FIG. 16 shows an example of the operation of the mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention in closed mode. The step of closing the mechanical valve (1) comprises compressing the shutter unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) by the third member (132) of the opening and closing means (13) of the valve. through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) between the two chambers (10, 11). Said third element (132) is located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1). This closure is performed when the pressure in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) is lower than the pressure in the first chamber (10), preferably, the pressure in the second chamber (11) is equal to atmospheric pressure, this resulting from the joint action of the pressure and elastic return forces of the spiral spring. The pressure in the injection line on the side of the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1) is of the order of 3 to 15 bars for example. The pressure prevailing in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) being equal to atmospheric pressure, this pressure difference between the two chambers (10, 11) also makes it possible to ensure the closing of the through hole (120) by the shutter unit (1300). The dotted arrow indicates the return of water to the aqueous solution injection module is closed.

FIG. 17 shows an example of the operation of the mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention in purge mode of the injection line. The injection system line purge step includes pressurization from atmospheric pressure of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) to at least - 200mbar. This pressurizing step is carried out by suction by the pump of the aqueous solution injection module, not shown, in other words the pump of the aqueous solution injection module operates in the opposite direction to the injection. This results in a displacement, in rotation about the axis (X), of the shutter unit (1300) by the application of a force on the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130 ) via a deformation of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13), the deformable module (1310) being deformed towards the inside of the second chamber (11). This force results from the pressurization of the second chamber (11). It follows a fluid communication of the two chambers (10, 11) and a purge of the line. The dotted arrow indicates the direction of liquid flow.

There is shown in Figure 18 an embodiment of a mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to the invention. It differs from previous embodiments in that the extension unit is a straight rod (1302). As shown in figure 19, the operation of the mechanical valve (1) is similar to that of the valve of figure 1. In particular, with reference to Figure 20, the opening of the through hole (120) of the partition wall (12) is effected by a movement, in rotation about the axis (X), of the unit of obturation (1300).

Claims

[Claim 1] A system for injecting aqueous solution on board a vehicle comprising a mechanical valve (1) comprising at least a first chamber (10) and a second chamber (11) separated by a partition wall (12), said wall (12) comprising a through hole (120), said through hole (120) being provided with an opening and closing means (13) of said through hole (120), the opening and closing means (13) comprising:

• a first element (130) comprising a shutter unit (1300) of the through hole (120) located in the first chamber

(10) of the mechanical valve (1) and having an extension unit (1301) extending into the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) comprising at least one rod (1302) integral with the unit shutter (1300), the rod (1302) being configured to serve as a lever arm around an axis (X) in purge mode of an injection line of the injection system;

• a second element (131) located in the second chamber

(11) of the mechanical valve (1), said second element (131) comprising a deformable module (1310); wherein the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) of the opening and closing means (13) is adapted to apply a force on the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) of the means d 'opening and closing (13) by modifying the shape of the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) by applying a pressure differential between the pressure in the second chamber (11) and the atmospheric pressure, said force allowing the fluidic communication of the two chambers (10, 11) by a displacement, in rotation about the axis (X), of the sealing unit (1300) of the first element (130); the mechanical valve (1) being such that the first chamber (10) is able to be fluidly connected to at least one injector and the second chamber (11) is able to be fluidly connected to a solution delivery module watery. [Claim 2] A vehicle-mounted aqueous solution injection system according to claim 1, such that it comprises a third element (132) located in the first chamber (10) of the mechanical valve (1), said third element (132) exerting a force on the shutter unit (1300) of the first member (130);

[Claim 3] A vehicle-mounted aqueous solution injection system according to any one of the preceding claims, such that at least part of the partition wall (12) comprising the through hole (120) projects into the first chamber (10).

[Claim 4] A vehicle-based aqueous solution injection system according to any one of the preceding claims, such as the sealing unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) of the first element (130) located in the first chamber. (10) of the mechanical valve (1) is of planar or spherical or ellipsoidal, preferably ellipsoidal, shape.

[Claim 5] A vehicle-based aqueous solution injection system according to any preceding claim, such that the rod (1302) is curved or bent in at least one place, preferably in two places with opposite bend angles.

[Claim 6] A vehicle-based aqueous solution injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, such that the rod (1302) is straight.

[Claim 7] A vehicle-based aqueous solution injection system according to any preceding claim, such that the deformable module (1310) of the second element (131) comprises an elastomeric membrane (13100).

[Claim 8] A vehicle-mounted aqueous solution injection system according to claim 7, such that the elastomeric membrane (13100) rests on a wall (14) of the second chamber (11) provided with at least one opening. (140).

[Claim 9] A vehicle-based aqueous solution injection system according to claim 8, such that the elastomeric membrane (13100) comprises a rigid zone (131000) and a deformable zone (131001).

[Claim 10] A method of controlling a mechanical valve (1) of an aqueous solution injection system on board a vehicle according to any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps depending on the demand of the vehicle:

• An aqueous solution injection step by opening the mechanical valve (1) comprising:

I. Boosting with respect to atmospheric pressure in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) to at least 2 bar, preferably 10 bar;

II. Opening of the through-hole (120) by moving the shutter unit (1300) by applying a force greater than the force exerted by the weight of the first element (130) or by the third element

(132), third element (132) preferably located in the first chamber (10), of the mechanical valve (1);

III. Fluid communication of the two chambers (10, 11) and injection of aqueous solution;

• Mechanical valve closing step (1) comprising:

I. Compression of the shutter unit (1300) of the through-hole (120) by the weight of the first element (130) or by the third element (132), third element (132) preferably located in the first chamber (10). ) of the mechanical valve (1), when the pressure in the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) is lower than the pressure in the first chamber (10), preferably equal to atmospheric pressure;

• Purge step of the injection system line comprising:

I. Pressurization with respect to the atmospheric pressure of the second chamber (11) of the mechanical valve (1) to at least -200mbar;

II. Displacement of the shutter unit (1300) by applying a force to the extension unit (1301) of the first element (130) via a deformation of the deformable modulus (1310) of the second element (131) of the means opening and closing (13); III. Fluid communication between the two chambers (10, 11) and purging of the line.