EP4061593A1 - Method for producing a reinforced concrete component, reinforced concrete component and production system - Google Patents
Method for producing a reinforced concrete component, reinforced concrete component and production systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP4061593A1 EP4061593A1 EP20829799.4A EP20829799A EP4061593A1 EP 4061593 A1 EP4061593 A1 EP 4061593A1 EP 20829799 A EP20829799 A EP 20829799A EP 4061593 A1 EP4061593 A1 EP 4061593A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reinforcement
- concrete
- concrete layer
- layer
- positioning element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 310
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 296
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0015—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon on multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/842—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf
- E04B2/845—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf the form leaf comprising a wire netting, lattice or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
- E04C5/04—Mats
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
- E04G21/0418—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
- E04G21/0445—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms
- E04G21/0463—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms with boom control mechanisms, e.g. to automate concrete distribution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a reinforced concrete component, in particular an additively manufactured, reinforced concrete component, a reinforced concrete component, which is made in particular using a generative method, and a production system for producing a reinforced concrete component, in particular an additively manufactured concrete component.
- Reinforced concrete components are known in principle. To produce a reinforced concrete component or a reinforced concrete section, a reinforcement, usually in the form of a reinforcement cage, is first installed. So that the individual reinforcing bars are in a predefined position in the finished concrete part and do not change their position during concreting, the individual reinforcing bars are usually connected to one another with a binding wire. This fastening by means of the binding wire is also known as tobogganing.
- a formwork is provided around the reinforcement cage, which usually has the outer contour of the concrete component to be produced as the inner contour.
- the reinforcement cage When the concrete is poured in, the reinforcement cage is essentially completely enveloped by the concrete.
- a minimum thickness of concrete must be provided between the individual components of the reinforcement cage and the outer surface of the concrete part so that the reinforcement cage, which is usually made of steel, is protected from corrosion by the concrete.
- spacers are usually installed between the reinforcement and the formwork, which for example consist of plastic or concrete.
- Reinforced concrete components have the advantage that the tensile and compressive forces are carried away by different materials. Concrete has advantageous material properties for absorbing compressive forces, but the material properties are only suitable to a limited extent for absorbing tensile forces. In reinforced concrete components, the reinforcement takes on the task of transferring the tensile forces. As a result, a reinforced concrete component can advantageously absorb compressive forces through the concrete and tensile forces through the reinforcement, which is usually made of steel.
- Reinforced concrete components are essentially manufactured conventionally to this day, i.e. first a formwork is built, a reinforcement in the form of a reinforcement cage is produced and then the space formed by the formwork in which the reinforcement cage is located is filled with concrete.
- generative manufacturing processes are used industrially.
- Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, for concrete components is essentially still in the development stage.
- Generative processes for concrete components are, for example, processes based on extrusion or selective bonding, and other alternative concrete laying processes that apply the concrete in layers.
- Another method with significant advantages over the methods mentioned above is the spraying of concrete.
- One advantage of the generative processes for the production of concrete components is that these processes can in principle be automated.
- the generative structure of concrete components makes it difficult to use the classic reinforcement principle with a reinforcement cage that is filled with concrete after it has been inserted into a formwork.
- the reinforcement in particular, is usually not designed to be slack, but rather has to be tensioned according to the applicable standards, the reinforcement of generative Manufactured concrete components pose a challenge. Furthermore, there are methods that provide for an automated concrete application and manual arrangement of the reinforcement. In addition, there are concepts in which the geometry of the concrete component is specifically designed for the arrangement of reinforcement.
- It is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing a reinforced concrete component, in particular an additively produced reinforced concrete component, a reinforced concrete component that is produced in particular with a generative method, and a production system for producing a reinforced concrete component, in particular an additively produced concrete component provide that reduce or eliminate one or more of the disadvantages mentioned.
- the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer are produced using the generative method.
- a generative method is characterized in that the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer can be produced automatically and without formwork with it. It is particularly preferred that the generative method is a shotcrete method, preferably a shotcrete pressure method.
- the nozzle from which the concrete emerges is usually at a distance from the concrete layer to be produced.
- the concrete is usually accelerated by means of compressed air so that the concrete is torn apart. This distinguishes the shotcrete process in particular from the extrusion process, in which the concrete is deposited with a slight pressure and there is usually no significant distance between the extrusion tool and the concrete bead to be applied.
- the positioning element is in sections between the first
- the positioning element projects with the fastening section from the first concrete layer and from the second concrete layer.
- the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer usually have a horizontal, flat one
- the fastening section is arranged and designed in such a way that a reinforcement unit can be arranged on it.
- the positioning element can have a section that is bent vertically upwards, so that the reinforcement unit can be arranged, in particular attached, to this section.
- the fastening section can also rise vertically, be corrugated or have depressions.
- the positioning element as such is generally not part of the reinforcement.
- the positioning element essentially serves to arrange the at least one reinforcement unit. In particular, it is preferred that the positioning element protrudes horizontally during manufacture, and the
- the reinforcement unit on which at least one positioning element, preferably two or more positioning elements, is suspended.
- the reinforcement unit is designed to reinforce a concrete component.
- the reinforcement unit preferably has reinforcement elements.
- the reinforcement elements can be arranged in different ways within the reinforcement unit and also have different geometries and dimensions. It is preferred that the reinforcement unit and / or the reinforcement elements consist or consist of steel or comprise or comprise steel.
- the reinforcement unit and / or the reinforcement elements can also consist of carbon fibers, glass fibers, natural fibers and / or bamboo and / or comprise carbon fibers, glass fibers, natural fibers and / or bamboo and can also preferably comprise a matrix material.
- the reinforcement elements can be rod-shaped with an essentially round, rectangular and / or polygonal cross section, it being particularly preferred that the reinforcement elements consist of or include carbon fiber and / or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
- the reinforcement elements can have a flat training exhibit.
- the reinforcement elements comprise slack fabrics and / or non-woven mats, in particular made of carbon fibers and / or glass fibers.
- the carbon fibers and the glass fibers can be present as continuous fibers and / or as fiber bundles.
- the concrete cover layer is preferably produced on the first concrete layer and on the second concrete layer. This is done in such a way that the reinforcement unit is essentially covered by the concrete cover layer.
- Concrete cover layer preferably has a flat extension which is oriented orthogonally to the flat extension of the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer.
- a vector of the concrete cover layer is essentially parallel to the thickness of the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer.
- the positioning element has a further fastening section on a further side of the concrete component, a further reinforcement unit is arranged there and a concrete cover layer is arranged there in an analogous manner.
- the method comprises the production of a plurality of first concrete layers and second concrete layers, with at least one positioning element, preferably two or more positioning elements, being arranged between each two adjacent concrete layers.
- the positioning element is arranged on, in particular on, the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer is arranged in this way on, in particular on, the first concrete layer and on, in particular on, the positioning element is generated that the positioning element is arranged between the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer.
- the first concrete layer can be produced with a concrete spray nozzle with a first handling unit
- the positioning element can be arranged with a second handling unit with a corresponding tool and then the second concrete layer can be produced again with the first handling unit.
- the at least partial parallelization of these steps enables an efficient method.
- the reinforcement unit is provided as a prefabricated reinforcement unit with a multiplicity of interconnected reinforcement elements.
- the prefabricated reinforcement unit can in particular be designed as a reinforcement mat.
- the reinforcement mat comprises in particular a multiplicity of first reinforcement elements arranged in parallel and a multiplicity of second reinforcement elements arranged in parallel, which are arranged orthogonally to the first reinforcement elements.
- Such prefabricated reinforcement units are inexpensive to provide, easy to handle and, moreover, can also be advantageously arranged on the at least one positioning element. There is thus the possibility of generative production of an inexpensive concrete component that has reinforcement.
- a composite layer is applied to the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer in such a way that the reinforcement unit is positioned at least in sections by means of the composite layer.
- This positioning is to be understood in particular as holding in one position. This in particular avoids the creation of cavities between the reinforcement unit and the concrete layers.
- the reinforcement unit is positioned relative to the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer through the composite layer.
- the concrete cover layer can be used without the risk of shifting the position of the Reinforcement unit are applied.
- the concrete component can also be used advantageously without the concrete cover layer.
- the reinforcement unit has a vertical reinforcement element
- the method comprising the step of: arranging the vertical reinforcement element with a coupling section, in particular with a fastening hook, on the positioning element.
- the reinforcement unit has a horizontal reinforcement element, the method comprising the step of: arranging the horizontal reinforcement element on the positioning element, preferably in the vertical direction on the positioning element, and
- the vertical reinforcement element is preferably arranged in such a way that it is oriented essentially vertically with its main direction of extent. With an appropriate arrangement and appropriate application of the method, however, the vertical reinforcement element can also be arranged horizontally. It is preferred that the vertical reinforcement element is hung with the coupling section on the positioning element. Automated arrangement of the vertical reinforcement element can thus be made possible. Arranging the vertical reinforcement element with the coupling section takes place in particular in such a way that the vertical reinforcement element is coupled to the reinforcement element by means of the coupling section.
- the horizontal reinforcement element is preferably arranged on the positioning element in such a way that it is oriented horizontally with its main direction of extent. It is particularly preferred that at least two positioning elements are arranged which are spaced apart in the horizontal direction and are arranged at the same height in the vertical direction, and the horizontal reinforcement element is placed on the two positioning elements. This would thus be arranged in the vertical direction on the positioning element.
- the vertical reinforcement element is arranged on the positioning element and then the horizontal reinforcement element is arranged on the positioning element.
- the vertical reinforcement element is positioned by the horizontal reinforcement element in that it is pressed by the horizontal reinforcement element in the direction of the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer. It is particularly preferred that before the reinforcement unit is arranged, the
- Composite layer is arranged, which is not yet solidified substantially when the reinforcement unit is arranged, so that when the reinforcement unit is arranged, a binding effect occurs between this layer and the reinforcement unit.
- the composite layer is in particular arranged and designed in such a way that it brings about a coupling between the reinforcement unit and the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer.
- the reinforcement unit has a corner reinforcement element
- the method comprising the step of: arranging the corner reinforcement element in a corner area adjacent to a corner of the concrete component such that a first section of the corner reinforcement element on a first side of the concrete component on a first Positioning element is arranged, and that a second portion of the corner reinforcement element is arranged on a second, different from the first side and adjacent side of the concrete component on a second positioning element.
- the corner area comprises the first side and the second side of the concrete component.
- the first side and the second side are also angled 90 ° to one another.
- the first side and the second side can also be at any desired angle to one another, for example in such a way that they enclose an angle of 120 °. In order to enable a corresponding strength of a concrete component in the corner area, this must also be reinforced.
- the corner area has a first positioning element on the first side and a second
- the positioning elements essentially act as supports for the corner reinforcement element.
- Positioning element and / or on the second positioning element means in particular that it rests on the first positioning element and / or on the second positioning element.
- the method comprises the step: contour-adapted pre-shaping of the horizontal reinforcement element and / or the vertical reinforcement element, preferably the horizontal reinforcement element and / or the vertical reinforcement element Reinforcement element by the contour-adapted preforming has or have a radius.
- the system for carrying out the method can, for example, have a unit for preforming the horizontal reinforcement element and / or the vertical reinforcement element to match the contour.
- the concrete component can be produced before the time at which the contour-adapted reinforcement element is required to reinforce the concrete component.
- the method comprises the step: finishing the concrete cover layer for smoothing and / or structuring. Due to the finishing of the concrete cover layer, the concrete component produced is ready for installation and may not require any post-processing after the concrete component has been used as intended.
- the advantages mentioned above with regard to the method for producing the reinforced concrete component essentially apply analogously to the reinforced concrete component according to the further aspect.
- the features and advantages mentioned apply analogously to the reinforced concrete component with the corresponding adjustments.
- the reinforced concrete component is characterized by a high level of geometric flexibility, since essentially any geometries can be produced by means of the generative process.
- this flexible geometry can also be produced as a reinforced concrete component using the flexible reinforcement approach.
- this process can be automated, so that the process requires little personnel.
- the high level of automation of the process enables high quality to be achieved.
- the reinforcement unit has a horizontal reinforcement element, which preferably rests on the positioning element in the vertical direction.
- the reinforcement unit has a vertical reinforcement element which is arranged on the positioning element with a coupling section, in particular with a fastening hook.
- the vertical reinforcement element is arranged at least in sections between the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer and / or a composite layer and the horizontal reinforcement element, the positioning element, the vertical reinforcement element and the horizontal reinforcement element also preferably being arranged in this way and are designed that a clamping acts between them.
- the reinforcement unit has a corner reinforcement element, the corner reinforcement element in a corner region adjoining a corner of the concrete component in this way is arranged that a first portion of the corner reinforcement element is arranged on a first side of the concrete component on a first positioning element, in particular rests, and that a second portion of the corner reinforcement element on a second, different and adjacent side of the concrete component on a second
- Positioning element is arranged, in particular rests.
- the fastening section of the positioning element is hook-shaped and / or eyelet-shaped, and / or the positioning element has a first fastening section on a first side of the concrete component and a second fastening section on an opposite side of the first side, second side of the concrete component protrudes, and / or the positioning element has a main direction of extent that is oriented essentially orthogonally to a layer thickness of the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer.
- the horizontal reinforcement element and / or the vertical reinforcement element is or are designed to be contour-matched and in particular has or have a curved course.
- the horizontal reinforcement element and / or the vertical reinforcement element is or are rod-shaped and preferably consists or consist of steel or comprises or comprise steel.
- the reinforced concrete component comprises shear reinforcement, in particular stirrup reinforcement.
- the stirrup reinforcement preferably comprises a first stirrup with a vertically downwardly open opening and a second stirrup with a vertically upwardly open opening, the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer being at least partially, preferably completely, enclosed by the stirrups.
- a reinforcement structure for a reinforced concrete component comprising a positioning element for arranging, in particular for fastening, a reinforcement unit, which has a supporting section between a first concrete layer and a second concrete layer, which is provided with a generative
- Method preferably with a shotcrete method, are produced, can be arranged, and can be cantilevered with a fastening section from the first concrete layer and from the second concrete layer, and a reinforcement unit arranged on the positioning element for reinforcing the concrete component.
- the reinforcement unit is in particular on the
- Fastening portion arranged, preferably fastened.
- a preferred embodiment of the reinforcement structure is characterized in that the reinforcement unit has a horizontal reinforcement element, which preferably rests in the vertical direction on the positioning element, and / or the reinforcement unit has a vertical reinforcement element with a coupling section, in particular with a fastening hook, on the Positioning element is arranged, and / or preferably the vertical reinforcement element can be arranged at least in sections between the first concrete layer and / or the second concrete layer and / or a composite layer and the horizontal reinforcement element, wherein the positioning element, the vertical reinforcement element and the horizontal reinforcement element are also preferably arranged in this way and are designed that a clamping acts or can act between them.
- a production system for producing a reinforced concrete component comprising means, in particular a shotcrete nozzle, for producing a first concrete layer and a second concrete layer with a generative method, preferably with a shotcrete method, a handling system that is arranged and is configured to arrange a positioning element for fastening a reinforcement unit between the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer, a reinforcement unit on the To arrange positioning element, and preferably the means, in particular the shotcrete nozzle (112), are designed to produce a concrete cover layer on the first concrete layer and the second concrete layer in such a way that the reinforcement unit is essentially covered with concrete.
- a preferred embodiment of the production system provides that the handling system has a first handling unit and a second handling unit, the first handling unit comprising the means, in particular the shotcrete nozzle, for producing the first concrete layer, the second concrete layer, a composite layer and / or the concrete cover layer, and the second handling unit is designed to arrange the positioning element and / or the reinforcement unit and / or to carry out a smoothing and / or structuring process and / or to position further elements that can be part of the concrete component.
- the further elements can for example be stone slabs, which can be designed in particular to decorate the support wall.
- Another preferred development of the production system is characterized by a processing machine for preforming to match the contour and / or for dimensioning vertical reinforcement elements and / or horizontal reinforcement elements.
- FIG. 12 a schematic view of a detail of that shown in FIG. 11
- FIG. 13 a preferred embodiment variant of that shown in FIG. 11
- Figure 1 shows an intermediate step in the production of a reinforced one
- the reinforced concrete component 1 comprises a plurality of layers arranged one above the other.
- the concrete component 1 extends from an underside 2 to an upper side 4, from a first end face 6 to a second end face 8 and from a first side face 10 to a second side face, not shown, which is arranged opposite the first side face 10.
- the concrete component Adjacent to the top 4, the concrete component has a first concrete layer 20 and a not yet finished second concrete layer 22.
- positioning elements are arranged between the existing concrete layers at regular intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions.
- the concrete component 1 has, inter alia, the first positioning element 100, the second positioning element 102 and the third positioning element 104.
- the third positioning element 104 has a support section 106.
- the support section 106 is the section of the third positioning element 104 which is located between two adjacent layers of the concrete component 1.
- the third positioning element 104 includes the fastening section 108.
- the fastening section 108 is to be delimited from the support section 106 in that the fastening section 108 protrudes from the concrete layers.
- the positioning elements 100, 102, 104 are in particular arranged and designed in such a way that a reinforcement unit, which is explained in more detail below, can be arranged on them. In Fig. 2 the completion of the second concrete layer 22 is shown.
- the fourth positioning element 110 is arranged on the first concrete layer 20 by means of a handling tool 116. Then, shotcrete 114 is applied to the first concrete layer 20 by means of the shotcrete nozzle 112. The second concrete layer 22 is formed by the shotcrete 114. As a result, the fourth positioning element 110 is located between the first concrete layer 20 and the second concrete layer 22.
- FIG. 3 shows the reinforcement step, namely that the reinforcement unit 200 with vertical reinforcement struts 202 and horizontal reinforcement struts 204 is arranged on the positioning elements.
- the reinforcement unit 200 is hooked into the top row of positioning elements, that is to say adjoin the upper side 4 in the vertical direction.
- a concrete cover layer 24 can be applied with the shotcrete nozzle 112.
- shotcrete 114 is applied in layers next to one another or flat.
- the reinforcement unit 200 is thus set in concrete and can act as reinforcement and thus as a component of the concrete component that increases in strength.
- a reinforcement unit for a corner area is shown.
- the corner area comprises the first side 16 and the second side 18.
- the first side 16 and the second side 18 abut at the corner 14.
- a fifth positioning element 120 and a sixth positioning element 122 are horizontally spaced apart and are arranged in the same vertical height.
- the second side 18 has similarly arranged
- Positioning elements 124, 126 Positioning elements 124, 126.
- a corner reinforcement element 206 is arranged on the positioning elements 120, 122, 124, 126.
- the corner reinforcement element 206 rests on the positioning elements 120, 122, 124, 126. This arrangement of the Positioning elements and the corner reinforcement element in the corner area enable automated reinforcement of corner areas.
- FIGS. 6 to 9 show an addition or alternative to the reinforcement unit 200 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the reinforcement unit shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is suitable for simple geometries in order to enable an inexpensive reinforcement strategy that can be easily automated. However, more complexly designed components in particular require a more flexible reinforcement concept.
- FIG. 6 shows that a first vertical reinforcement element 150, a second vertical reinforcement element 154 and a third vertical reinforcement element 158 are arranged on the positioning elements.
- the vertical reinforcement elements each have a coupling section 152, 156.
- the coupling section 152, 156 is each designed in the shape of a hook. With this hook-shaped end, the vertical reinforcement elements 150, 154, 158 are arranged, in particular suspended, on the positioning elements 128, 130.
- FIG. 7 it is shown that, in addition to the vertical reinforcement elements 150, 152, 158, 160, 162, a plurality of horizontal reinforcement elements 180, 182 are arranged. It is particularly preferred that the vertical reinforcement elements 150-162 are arranged first on the positioning elements and then the horizontal reinforcement elements 180, 182. By this sequence, the vertical reinforcement elements 150-162 are pressed against the concrete layers or in the direction of the concrete layers and the horizontal ones Reinforcement elements 180, 182 can be clamped behind the hook-shaped end of the positioning elements. The vertical reinforcement elements 150 - 162 are thus also clamped in. As a result, a reinforcement unit can be built up automatically, without manual effort, by means of vertical reinforcement elements and horizontal reinforcement elements, which, moreover, are essentially rigid in position due to the clamping effect and is essentially not moved by the creation of the concrete cover layer.
- Fig. 8 a detailed view of the reinforced concrete component 1 is shown.
- the positioning element 128 with two fastening sections 128 A, 128 B is shown here.
- the fastening sections 128a, 128b protrude from the concrete layers 20, 22 on opposite side surfaces 10.
- a reinforcement unit can be arranged on both side surfaces of the concrete component.
- the reinforcement unit is formed by the vertical reinforcement elements 160, 162 and the horizontal reinforcement elements 180, 182 and other reinforcement elements.
- a geometrically more complex concrete component V is shown.
- the concrete component 1 analogous to the component described above, has a reinforcement unit 200 which is formed by means of horizontal and vertical reinforcement elements.
- the vertical reinforcement elements are essentially the same in this exemplary embodiment. If the concrete component 1 ‘has a more complex geometry, the vertical
- the horizontal reinforcement elements are not straight bars, but are curved and, in particular, preformed.
- the horizontal reinforcement elements 184, 186 have a radius, wherein the radius can also change along the extent of the horizontal reinforcement element. It is particularly preferred that the preformed horizontal reinforcement elements 184, 186 are preformed to match their contours in a previous process step. This upstream process step can also take place within the production system in which the concrete component 1 ‘is produced.
- FIG 10 shows a further schematic, three-dimensional view of a reinforced concrete component 1, 1 'with a shear reinforcement.
- the concrete component 1, 1 ' comprises a plurality of positioning elements which are designed as described above.
- the shear reinforcement is designed as stirrup reinforcement 208.
- the stirrup reinforcement 208 includes several first bracket 210 and a plurality of second brackets 212.
- the brackets 210, 212 have a U-shape.
- the first brackets 210 have an opening 211 directed vertically downwards.
- the second brackets 212 have a vertically upwardly directed opening.
- the brackets 210, 212 enclose the core of the concrete component 1, T.
- step 302 a positioning element 100, 102, 104, 110, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130 for fastening a reinforcement unit 200 is arranged, wherein the positioning element 100, 102, 104, 110, 120, 122, 124, 126 , 128, 130 is arranged with a support section 106 between the first concrete layer 20 and the second concrete layer 22 and protrudes with a fastening section 108 from the first concrete layer 20 and from the second concrete layer 22. It is particularly preferred that step 302 takes place between the production of the first concrete layer 20 and the production of the second concrete layer 22.
- step 306 a concrete cover layer 24 is produced on the first concrete layer 20 and the second concrete layer 22 in such a way that the reinforcement unit 200 is essentially covered with concrete.
- Step 304 preferably includes substeps 3041, 3042 shown in FIG. 12.
- a vertical reinforcement element 150-166 is provided with a Coupling section 152, 156 arranged on the positioning element.
- a horizontal reinforcement element 180, 182, 184, 186 is arranged on the positioning element 100, 102, 104, 110, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130. It is particularly preferred that step 3041 is performed before step 3042, so that the vertical reinforcement elements 150-166 are clamped between the concrete layers 20, 22 and the horizontal reinforcement elements 180, 182, 184, 186, so that a prestressed reinforcement unit 200 is trained.
- step 308 a composite layer is applied to the first concrete layer 20 and the second concrete layer 22 in such a way that the reinforcement unit 200 is positioned at least in sections by means of the composite layer. This positioning is to be understood in particular relative to the concrete layers 20, 22.
- the composite layer is preferably produced, in particular applied, before the concrete cover layer 24 is produced.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102019131051.2A DE102019131051A1 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Process for the production of a reinforced concrete component, reinforced concrete component and production system |
PCT/EP2020/082343 WO2021099293A1 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2020-11-17 | Method for producing a reinforced concrete component, reinforced concrete component and production system |
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EP4061593A1 true EP4061593A1 (en) | 2022-09-28 |
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EP20829799.4A Pending EP4061593A1 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2020-11-17 | Method for producing a reinforced concrete component, reinforced concrete component and production system |
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US (1) | US20220396005A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4061593A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2023502102A (en) |
CN (1) | CN114728436A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019131051A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021099293A1 (en) |
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DE102021108666A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Peri Se | Process for additively manufacturing a component, load-bearing element, reinforcement for use within a component and additively manufactured component |
DE102021116194A1 (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-29 | AEDITIVE GmbH | Method and production system for producing a concrete component and concrete component |
DE102021116332A1 (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 | AEDITIVE GmbH | Smoothing device and method for smoothing a concrete member |
US11919193B2 (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-03-05 | Ge Infrastructure Technology Llc | System and method for tracking reinforcement member placement in an additively manufactured structure |
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WO2005070657A1 (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-08-04 | University Of Southern California | Automated construction including robotic systems |
US8801415B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2014-08-12 | University Of Southern California | Contour crafting extrusion nozzles |
DE102005062406A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | Baufritz-Ag | Method for erecting wall involves extruding first layer onto foundation before adding in reinforcement threads and then applying second layer |
CN203603525U (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-05-21 | 北京筑福国际工程技术有限责任公司 | Reinforcing structure with clamp plate girder and clamp plate column externally arranged for stone structure |
CN203613727U (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-05-28 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Wall reinforcing bar controller |
CN106003364B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2019-01-04 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | The method for preventing the concrete shear force wall based on 3D printing from shelling |
US20170203468A1 (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-20 | Caterpillar Inc. | Structural formation system |
KR101921622B1 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-11-23 | 이승준 | Method of manufacturing for cementitious structure using 3d prining and cementitious structure |
CN108265849A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 西安五和土木工程新材料有限公司 | A kind of high ductility concrete-light-weight filler composite Semitic walls |
CN207110234U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-03-16 | 西安五和土木工程新材料有限公司 | A kind of ultra-high performance concrete Prefabricated hollow beam |
CN106894578A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-27 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing wall, connecting node construction and its construction method |
AT520143B1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2022-03-15 | Baumit Beteiligungen Gmbh | Nozzle for concrete, mortar or the like and use thereof |
CN109868937B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-11-05 | 上海同吉建筑工程设计有限公司 | Post-tensioned unbonded prestressed concrete composite beam and design and construction method thereof |
CN108487543A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-04 | 河南绿建建筑科技有限公司 | Prefabrication formula steel concrete compound tube |
CN109610873A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-12 | 央固工程科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of reinforcing of plain brick wall and Saussurea DC integral structure |
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2019
- 2019-11-18 DE DE102019131051.2A patent/DE102019131051A1/en active Granted
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2020
- 2020-11-17 US US17/777,146 patent/US20220396005A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-17 WO PCT/EP2020/082343 patent/WO2021099293A1/en unknown
- 2020-11-17 JP JP2022528598A patent/JP2023502102A/en active Pending
- 2020-11-17 EP EP20829799.4A patent/EP4061593A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-17 CN CN202080079857.0A patent/CN114728436A/en active Pending
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JP2023502102A (en) | 2023-01-20 |
CN114728436A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
WO2021099293A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 |
DE102019131051A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
US20220396005A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
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