EP4054772B1 - Method and equipment for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip - Google Patents

Method and equipment for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4054772B1
EP4054772B1 EP19804855.5A EP19804855A EP4054772B1 EP 4054772 B1 EP4054772 B1 EP 4054772B1 EP 19804855 A EP19804855 A EP 19804855A EP 4054772 B1 EP4054772 B1 EP 4054772B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
aqueous solution
transducer
cleaning
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19804855.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4054772A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre RICHET
Florent Sponem
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArcelorMittal SA
Original Assignee
ArcelorMittal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ArcelorMittal SA filed Critical ArcelorMittal SA
Publication of EP4054772A1 publication Critical patent/EP4054772A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4054772B1 publication Critical patent/EP4054772B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
    • C23G3/02—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously
    • C23G3/021—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B08B3/123—Cleaning travelling work, e.g. webs, articles on a conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
    • C23G1/19—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
    • C23G3/02—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously
    • C23G3/025—Details of the apparatus, e.g. linings or sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
    • C23G3/02—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously
    • C23G3/025—Details of the apparatus, e.g. linings or sealing means
    • C23G3/026—Details of the apparatus, e.g. linings or sealing means for guiding the objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G49/00—Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for
    • B65G49/02—Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for for conveying workpieces through baths of liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cleaning tank comprising at least transducer one for continuously cleaning a strip. Such an invention improves the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning process.
  • the strip is cleaned before the coating step. Generally, it occurs after the rolling operation and before the annealing or the coating. To do so, most of the cleaning lines uses an electrolytic process among their cleaning operations. However, such a technique presents a high safety risk due to the H 2 accumulation leading to safety hazards such as fire. Consequently, cleaning lines using ultrasound have been developed to replace the electrolytic process.
  • Ultrasound cleaning works thanks to the propagation of an ultrasound wave (or more generally an acoustic wave) through an aqueous solution which induces local variations of the aqueous solution pressure.
  • the negative pressure is low enough (lower than the aqueous solution vapour pressure)
  • the aqueous solution cohesive forces break down, and gas bubbles (also called cavitation bubbles) are formed.
  • These bubbles are then submitted to pressure variations (due to acoustic wave propagation), which cause them to expand and contract successively until they collapse.
  • Ultrasonic waves induce a thermal effect, but also a mechanical effect due to cavitation. Indeed, two phenomena occur when cavitation bubbles break down:
  • Patent KR 2005 006 3145 discloses an apparatus cleaning a steel sheet. Said steel sheet is passed through a tank filled with an alkaline solution in which ultrasound emitting boxes or crates are placed on each side of the passing sheet. Those ultrasound emitting boxes comprise ultrasound emitting means, such as piezo-electric transducers, stuck on the crate sides. When the piezo-electric transducers vibrate, the vibration is transmitted to the crate sides and then to the solution. Consequently, ultrasound waves are propagated in the cleaning bath and onto the strip. It increases the cleaning efficiency.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a solution solving the aforementioned problems.
  • This object is achieved by providing an equipment according to claim 1. This object is also achieved by providing a method according to claims 8 to 10.
  • the invention relates to an equipment 1 for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip S comprising:
  • Figure 1A is a lateral view and Figure 1B is a front view of the continuous cleaning installation.
  • the continuous cleaning installation 1 of a moving strip S comprises a tank 2, an aqueous solution 3 inside said tank. It also comprises at least a roll 4 immerged in said aqueous solution 3 and at least a transducer 5.
  • the aqueous solution can contain an alkali product or an acidic solution or a neutral solution to improve the cleaning efficiency.
  • the solution selection depends on the substrates and the pollutants.
  • the tank can also comprise means for feeding 6 an aqueous solution into the tank and emptying 7 the tank.
  • the feeding means 6 are preferentially situated in the upper portion of the tank or at the top of the tank allowing a better filling of the tank, so the cleaning time and the distance passed by the strip through the aqueous solution is increased.
  • the emptying means 7 are placed in the lower portion of the tank and preferentially at its bottom in order to empty the tank as much as possible, such means can be pipes and valves connected to a dump, a recycling or a regenerating process.
  • the at least one roll 4 is preferentially at the bottom of the tank but above the emptying means 7, such an arrangement increases the distance travelled by the strip S through the aqueous solution 3 and the cleaning time thus improving the cleaning.
  • the aqueous solution 3 is introduced into the tank by the feeding means 6 such as pipes and valves, preferentially connected to another tank filled with the solution (not represented).
  • the cleaning installation 1 preferably comprises at least two external rolls 8 placed above said tank 2, at least one on each side of the tank e.g.: one on the upstream side 9, the other one on the downstream side 10 of the ultrasonic cleaning installation.
  • the rolls 8 and 4 have preferentially the same orientation, e.g. their rotation axes are parallel.
  • the rolls positioning should preferably allow the strip S to pass through the aqueous solution 3 without being twisted.
  • the means for estimating 11 the aqueous solution level can be a differential pressure captor, vibrating level switches or any means used in a hydrostatic method.
  • the at least one transducer 5 is placed inside said tank 2 preferably under the feeding means 6 and preferably above the roll 4.
  • Figures 2A and 2B exhibit the lateral and top view of a second preferred embodiment of the continuous cleaning installation in which the strip S is majorly moved horizontally through the aqueous solution compared to the Figures 1A and 1B where the strip S is majorly passed vertically.
  • the transducer 5, as illustrated in Figure 3A and 3B is made of a resonator rod 12 having at either one or both extremities a driverhead 13, such as push-pull piezo transducers.
  • Said driverhead 13 generally comprises several piezoelectric transducers 130.
  • the resonator rod 12 vibrates thanks to the at least one driverhead 13.
  • Such a system emits omnidirectionally ultrasound.
  • the transducer comprises only on driverhead, the other extremity 14 is preferably round or pointy as illustrated in Figure 3B .
  • the transducers 5 are preferably supported by the tank wall 2 or support pieces 15, 150 and 151 fixed to the tank wall.
  • the electric wires 16 connected to said driverheads 13 pass through the tank wall 2 and are not immerged in nor in contact with the aqueous solution.
  • the transducers work is able to work at a frequency between 20 and 60 kHz. Preferably, the transducers work at a frequency of at least 25 kHz. Preferably, the transducers work at a frequency of maximum 40 kHz. Each transducer is preferably able to work at a power of 500 to 3 000 kW. Even more preferably, each transducer has a power of at least 2 000 kW.
  • the bath level can vary to a point where a transducer is not immerged anymore, in that case it is preferable to turn off the non-immerged resonator to avoid damage due to overheating.
  • the tank can be emptied, in that case it is preferable to turn off the resonator to avoid damage due to overheating.
  • a resonator is not immerged of at least 3 cm below the aqueous solution surface, it is preferable to turn it off to lower the risk of damage due to overheating.
  • a cleaning tank according to the invention comprising at least a transducer, permits to improve the cleaning efficiency compared to the cleaning tank as known in the art, comprising immerged boxes with ultrasonic emitter means having the same working frequency.
  • the cleaning efficiency is: "the estimated cleanliness before the cleaning step” divided by "the estimated cleanliness after the cleaning step”.
  • a 3M 595 Scoth TM adhesive is pressed on a strip surface in order to stick the iron fines and the oil onto the adhesive.
  • the reflectance of the scotch is measured by a reflectometer. This reflectance is linked to the density of iron fines per square meter. The more iron fines have adhered to the adhesive, the lower will be its reflectance. Consequently, the higher is the adhesive reflectance, the cleaner is the strip.
  • the following table contains the main parameters of the experiment.
  • the cleaning efficiency is, for various strip speed, plotted for both types of ultrasound emitting means : the push-pull tubes and the submersible boxes.
  • all the resonators in functioning are completely immerged of at least 3 cm under the solution surface. It permits to lower the risk of overheating of the resonators.
  • said transducer 5 has its length parallel to the strip width 17.
  • the resonator rod 12 has its length parallel to the strip width 17.
  • the transducer is positioned parallel to the strip width 17 in a way that it covers the whole strip width. Such an arrangement should improve the cleaning efficiency and the cleaning homogeneity along the strip width.
  • the tank comprises at least two transducers having a resonator rod length smaller than the strip width
  • the resonator rods are shifted in order to cover the whole strip width.
  • the tank comprises at least two transducers 5. Even more preferably, the tank comprises 5, 10 or 15 transducers.
  • the transducers When there are two transducers on the same side of the strip, they are preferably shifted one from another by a distance corresponding to (0.5) times the wavelength produced by the push-pull transducers.
  • the number of ultrasound emitting means is equal to m, each of them can be further shifted by a similar distance, (1/m) times the wavelength towards its neighbours.
  • the wave speed which depends on numerous factors (e.g.: the temperature and the pressure) is approximately of 1500 m.s -1 .
  • the transducers 5 and the strip S are spaced by a distance comprised between 40 mm and 250 mm.
  • Such spacing enables to efficiently use the ultrasound emitting mean.
  • Such spacing distance improves the installation 1 because if the spacing if less than 40 mm, the ultrasound emitting mean will eventually be broken by the strip S due for example strip bending or strip flatness irregularities. But if the spacing is bigger than 200 mm then the efficiency of the ultrasound emitting mean cleaning power seems to be severely reduced.
  • each surface of said strip S is faced by at least one transducer.
  • an ultrasound emitting mean placed on one side of a strip cleans both surfaces, having ultrasound emitting means facing each surface increases the cleaning quality.
  • at least one transducer 5 is positioned between a tank wall and the strip S and at least one transducer is positioned between a portion of the strip going down and a portion of the strip going up.
  • at least one transducer is placed above and at least one other is placed under the strip.
  • said equipment has a power density between 5 Watt per litre and 25 Watt per litre of unit of volume of said aqueous solution. Even more preferentially, the power per litre is between 10 and 20 Watt per litre. Using a power density in this range seems to be the best compromise between the cleaning efficiency and energy saving, it allows a good and sufficient cleaning of the strip and avoid energy waste.
  • This invention also relates to a method for cleaning a moving strip in a cleaning installation comprising a tank 2 containing an aqueous solution 3, at least a roll 4 for guiding said strip into said tank 2, at least a transducer 5 immerged in the aqueous solution comprising the steps of
  • said aqueous solution contains between 10 grams per litre and 40 grams per litre of alkali product.
  • an alkali product concentration in this range improves the cleaning and efficiently uses the alkali product.
  • said aqueous solution is kept at a temperature between 30°C and 80°C.
  • higher is the cleaning solution temperature better is the cleaning efficiency of the process but shorter is the transducer lifespan. This range seems to be the best compromise between cleaning efficiency and the ultrasound emitting mean lifespan.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
EP19804855.5A 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 Method and equipment for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip Active EP4054772B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2019/059489 WO2021090045A1 (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 Method and equipment for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4054772A1 EP4054772A1 (en) 2022-09-14
EP4054772B1 true EP4054772B1 (en) 2024-03-20

Family

ID=68582059

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19804855.5A Active EP4054772B1 (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 Method and equipment for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20220389594A1 (ko)
EP (1) EP4054772B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP7427777B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR20220074945A (ko)
CN (1) CN114514077B (ko)
BR (1) BR112022005772B1 (ko)
CA (1) CA3156468C (ko)
FI (1) FI4054772T3 (ko)
MX (1) MX2022005398A (ko)
WO (1) WO2021090045A1 (ko)
ZA (1) ZA202203347B (ko)

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066084A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-11-27 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Ultrasonic pickling
US4167424A (en) * 1976-05-12 1979-09-11 National Steel Corporation Treatment of metal strip with ultrasonic energy and apparatus therefor
DE59000126D1 (de) * 1990-03-09 1992-06-17 Walter Martin Ultraschalltech Ultraschall-resonator.
US6039059A (en) * 1996-09-30 2000-03-21 Verteq, Inc. Wafer cleaning system
JP3787024B2 (ja) * 1997-12-26 2006-06-21 株式会社カイジョー 超音波洗浄装置
JP2000256886A (ja) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-19 Nippon Steel Corp 熱延鋼板の脱スケール方法
JP4548943B2 (ja) * 1999-04-08 2010-09-22 エレクトリック パワー リサーチ インスチテュート インコーポレイテッド 照射済核燃料集合体の超音波洗浄装置および方法
KR100709375B1 (ko) * 1999-07-14 2007-04-20 로버트 디. 2세 버린 초음파 세정방법
KR20050063155A (ko) 2003-12-22 2005-06-28 엘지전자 주식회사 Ｄｍｂ 수신기에서의 전송 모드 검출 장치 및 방법
KR20050063145A (ko) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-28 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 탈지성이 우수한 강판 탈지방법
DE102005008939A1 (de) * 2005-02-26 2006-09-21 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reiningen eines Metallbandes
US9049520B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2015-06-02 Akrion Systems Llc Composite transducer apparatus and system for processing a substrate and method of constructing the same
RU2429313C2 (ru) * 2007-05-01 2011-09-20 Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн Способ очистки стального листа и система непрерывной очистки стального листа
US7975710B2 (en) * 2009-07-06 2011-07-12 Asm Assembly Automation Ltd Acoustic cleaning system for electronic components
US20110132575A1 (en) * 2009-12-07 2011-06-09 Goodson J Michael Cleaning Industrial Heat Exchangers Through Utilization of Thicknenss Mode Ultrasonics
DK2516074T3 (da) * 2009-12-22 2020-04-20 Tech Sonic Lp Apparat til rensning af industrielle komponenter
US9159311B2 (en) * 2010-04-01 2015-10-13 J. Michael Goodson Unrestricted mounting of ultrasonic transducers
US8956466B2 (en) * 2011-08-01 2015-02-17 Texwipe (a division of Illinois Tool Works Inc.) Process for preparing sorptive substrates, and integrated processing system for substrates
BR112016026629B1 (pt) * 2014-05-16 2021-11-03 Arcelormittal Processo e aparelho para o processo de fabricação contínuo de tiras de aço
CN203900021U (zh) * 2014-06-12 2014-10-29 郑州通达重型机械制造有限公司 超声波清洗装置
CN203955622U (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-11-26 乐清市安本铁芯厂 超声波清洗机
FR3029816B1 (fr) * 2014-12-15 2016-12-30 Cedrat Tech Transducteur tubulaire ultrasonore modulaire et immersible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4054772A1 (en) 2022-09-14
BR112022005772B1 (pt) 2023-11-28
CN114514077B (zh) 2024-01-30
MX2022005398A (es) 2022-05-24
CA3156468A1 (en) 2021-05-14
FI4054772T3 (fi) 2024-04-17
KR20220074945A (ko) 2022-06-03
JP7427777B2 (ja) 2024-02-05
US20220389594A1 (en) 2022-12-08
BR112022005772A2 (pt) 2022-06-21
JP2023500094A (ja) 2023-01-04
CN114514077A (zh) 2022-05-17
ZA202203347B (en) 2022-10-26
WO2021090045A1 (en) 2021-05-14
CA3156468C (en) 2023-09-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3877099B1 (en) Ultrasound degreasing equipment
US20200346254A1 (en) Ultrasonic concrete form cleaning method
EP4054772B1 (en) Method and equipment for the continuous cleaning of a moving steel strip
EP3877098B1 (en) Ultrasound degreasing management
RU2809300C1 (ru) Способ и оборудование для непрерывной очистки перемещающегося стального полосового проката
JP4533406B2 (ja) 超音波洗浄装置及び超音波洗浄方法
JP2022053050A (ja) 洗浄装置及び洗浄方法
US20220219199A1 (en) A system and a method for cleaning a device
JPH09143767A (ja) 金属材料の表面清浄化方法と装置
JP7295490B2 (ja) 超音波処理方法及び超音波処理装置
JPH1085686A (ja) 超音波洗浄装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20220318

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20231011

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20231223

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602019048700

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP