EP4046956A1 - Reeving device, use of a horizontal drive when a crane is reeved, method for reeving a crane, crane and computer program and computer readable medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention deals with improvements in the technical field of crane construction. For this purpose, a reversing device (2) is proposed, which has a holding point (7) and a reversing means (8). In order to reverse a crane (1) from M-rope operation to N-rope operation using the re-reeving device (2), the upper block (4) can be coupled into the holding point (7) with its re-reeving bolt (6). In order to reverse the crane (1) from the N-strand operation back to the M-strand operation, the top block (4) can be decoupled from the holding point (7) with the aid of the reversing means (8). (Fig.1)

Description

The invention relates to a re-reeving device for re-reeving a crane, the re-reeving device having a hook block which comprises an upper block and a lower block, the upper block being detachable from the lower block when the crane is re-shearing. Furthermore, the invention also relates to the use of a horizontal drive of a crane when reversing the crane, a method for reversing a crane, a crane with a reversing device, and a computer program and a computer-readable medium on which the computer program is stored.

Reversing devices of the type mentioned at the outset are already known from practice in various embodiments. The re-reeving devices are used to re-shear cranes from M-rope operation to N-rope operation and vice versa.

For example, cranes are already known which can be reversed from 2-strand operation to 4-strand operation and vice versa.

Especially when re-shearing from an N-rope operation to an M-rope operation, where N is greater than M, it must be ensured that the re-reeling process is carried out correctly, since a load that is on a hoist rope of the crane in the M-rope -Operation acts, can be a multiple, for example twice the load in the previous N-string operation.

Furthermore, such reversing devices are exposed to comparatively high loads and adverse conditions, so that they are generally subject to high wear. The consequence of this is that previously known re-shearing devices can often be comparatively maintenance-intensive.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a re-reeving device, a method for re-reeving a crane and a crane, a computer program and a computer-readable medium which simplify the re-reeving of a crane.

To solve this problem, a re-shearing device with the means and features of the independent claim directed to such a re-shearing device is first proposed. To achieve the object, it is therefore proposed, particularly in the case of a re-shearing device of the type mentioned at the outset, that the top block have a re-shearing pin and the re-reeving device have a holding point and a re-reeving means, with the top block for re-reeving the crane from an M-line operation to an N-line -Operation can be coupled, in particular hooked, into the breakpoint with its reversing bolt, and can be decoupled from the breakpoint for reversing from N-strand operation to M-strand operation using the reversing means.

At this point it should be mentioned that the placeholder M can stand for an integer, in particular an even number, while the placeholder N can stand for another integer, in particular an even number.

In an embodiment of the re-shear device, M may be less than N. If M is less than N, it is possible, for example, to switch from M=2-rope operation to N=4-rope operation by engaging the upper block in the breakpoint.

However, the placeholder M can also stand for an integer, in particular an even number, which is greater than the integer, in particular an even number N. If M is greater than N, it is possible, for example, to switch from M=6-leg operation to N=4-leg operation by engaging the upper block in the breakpoint.

By coupling the top block into the holding point of the re-shearing device, it is possible to separate the top block from the bottom block. If the crane equipped with the reversing device is used, for example, initially in a 2-strand operation, the top block can be moved to the holding point, in particular with a hoist of the crane, and coupled there. If the upper block is coupled with its reeving bolt in the holding point, the lower block can be separated from the upper block by lowering the lower block and the crane can be reeved into 4-strand operation.

The holding point of the reversing device can be connected at least indirectly to a support structure of a crane, for example to a boom or a traverse of the crane. In this way, the top block can be connected at least temporarily to a support structure of the crane by being coupled into the holding point, where it can form a suspension point around which the already mentioned hoisting rope of the crane can be guided.

If the re-shearing means can be actuated at least indirectly with a horizontal drive of a crane that is equipped with the re-shearing device, in particular if it can be moved from an initial position into a decoupling position, the re-shearing from the N-line operation to the M-line operation can be performed by uncoupling the top block from the breakpoint without a separate drive to actuate the reversing means. The horizontal drive can be a drive of a trolley of the crane on which the reversing device is designed or arranged.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the reshearing device, which is characterized by its robustness and also at least favors largely or even completely automated reshearing, it is provided that the reshearing device has a reshearing link in which the Breakpoint is formed. When the reversing device is in the position of use, the reversing link can be connected at least indirectly to a support structure, for example to the above-mentioned traverse or the above-mentioned jib of the crane.

The re-shear link can form a guide for the upper block, in particular for the re-shear bolt of the upper block, which opens into the holding point of the re-shear link. In this way, the reversing bolt of the top block can be guided to the holding point in a targeted and particularly simple manner, for example with the aid of the above-mentioned hoist of the crane equipped with the reversing device.

The re-shearing device of the re-shearing device can be movable from a starting position into a decoupling position for re-shearing from N-strand operation back into M-strand operation, with the re-shearing means closing the holding point for the re-shearing bolt when the re-shearing means has assumed the uncoupled position.

In this way it is possible, for example, to lift the upper block from the holding point with the previously mentioned hoist of the crane, then to actuate the reversing means, whereby the holding point is closed, in order to then lower the upper block. The upper block, for example with its reversing bolt, can slide along the reversing means and in the process past the holding point, as a result of which the upper block can ultimately be disengaged and the crane can be reversed.

In a preferred embodiment of the re-shear device, the re-shear means is a re-shear lever. When actuated, the reversing lever can be moved from the starting position already explained above into the uncoupling position in order to close the holding point for the reversing bolt. In this context it should be mentioned that the reversing means, in particular the reversing lever, can have a guide surface for the reversing bolt, along which the reversing bolt can slide when the reversing means is in the disengaged position, in order to disengage the upper block and complete the reversing from the N-strand mode to the M-strand mode.

The reversing means can be pivoted to perform a decoupling movement. This, for example, on a support structure of a crane equipped with the re-shearing device and/or on a trolley of the re-shearing device and/or the crane. The re-shear device can have a re-shear stop which is set up to actuate the re-shear means. When the reversing device is in the position of use, the reversing stop can be arranged on a support structure, for example on a traverse and/or on a boom, of a crane that is equipped with the reversing device.

In this way it is possible to actuate the re-shearing means indirectly, for example by a horizontal drive, for example by a trolley drive, of the crane which is equipped with the re-shearing device. A possibility for indirect actuation of the reversing means is explained in more detail below. In this way, a separate drive for actuating the reversing means can be dispensed with.

The reversing means can have a reversing arm and a stop arm, in particular when it is designed as a reversing lever. With the stop arm, the reversing means can strike a reversing stop, for example the reversing stop already mentioned above. This allows a movement to be transferred via the stop arm to the reversing arm, as a result of which the reversing arm can be moved into the previously mentioned uncoupling position, in which the re-shear leg then closes the holding point for the re-shear bolt of the top block.

In one embodiment of the reversing means, the stop leg is longer than the transverse leg. Such a choice of the leg lengths of the stop leg and the re-shearing leg can be favorable in order to avoid a load which the upper block can at least temporarily exert on the re-shearing leg when re-shearing from N-strand operation to M-strand operation if it passes through the re-shearing leg locked breakpoint passes, pick up and deduce.

In this context, it can be advantageous if the reversing leg of the reversing means is flush with a guide flank of the previously mentioned reshearing link or protrudes into the reshearing link when the reshearing means is in the uncoupled position. In this way it is ensured that the top block with its re-shear bolt can slide along the re-shear pin out of the re-shear link when passing the holding point, which is closed by the re-shear arm when the re-shear means is in the uncoupled position, without getting caught on an offset or undercut. The previously mentioned guide surface of the reversing means can be formed on the reversing leg of the reversing means.

The reversing device can have a guide surface for the reversing bolt, via which the reversing bolt can be guided into the guide link, in particular on an underside of a link carrier of the reversing device, in or on which the reversing link can be formed. The guide surface can be inclined toward the reversing link. In this way it is possible to move the top block from below, for example with the above-mentioned hoist of the crane, which is equipped with the reversing device, first against the guide surface drive and continue to raise, whereby the vertical movement of the upper block due to the inclination or inclination of the guide surface can be converted into a sideways movement of the upper block towards an entrance into the reversing link of the reversing device. This also favors an at least partially automated or even fully automated re-shearing using the re-shearing device.

The reversing device can have a restoring means, for example a restoring spring, with which the reshearing means can be moved from its uncoupling position back into an initial position. When the reversing means is in the starting position, the breakpoint of the reversing device is then freely accessible for recoupling the top block into the breakpoint. The restoring means makes it possible to dispense with a separate drive for restoring the reversing means from the decoupling position to the starting position.

The re-shear device, in particular the previously mentioned re-shear link of the re-shear device, can have an upper dead center which is preferably arranged above the holding point and/or opposite the holding point.

Before the top block is actually coupled into the breakpoint, the top block can first be moved to the top dead center. By lowering the top block from top dead center, the top block with its reversing bolt can then be reliably coupled into the holding point below by lowering the top block and the reversing process from M-strand operation to N-strand operation can be completed.

The control of the top dead center before the actual coupling of the top block in the breakpoint can also be beneficial, since any vibrations of the top block on the way to the top dead center and / or from the top Dead center in the underlying breakpoint can reduce. This favors a reliable positioning of the reversing bolt in the holding point of the reversing device.

To solve the problem, the use of a horizontal drive, in particular a trolley drive, of a crane to actuate a re-shearing means of a re-shearing device when decoupling an upper block of the crane from a stopping point when re-shearing the crane is also proposed. In this way, a separate drive for actuating the re-shearing means, which has already been explained in detail above in connection with the re-shearing device, can be dispensed with. The re-shearing device can be a re-shearing device according to one of the claims directed to such a device.

A hoist of the crane can be used to couple the top block into the breakpoint when reversing the crane, for example by the top block being lowered into the breakpoint with the aid of the hoist for coupling the top block.

At this point it should be mentioned that the hoist of the crane can also be used when uncoupling the top block from the holding point. First, the top block can be lifted from the holding point using the hoist, then the reversing means can be actuated using the horizontal drive of the crane, and then the top block can be lowered using the hoist. The top block can, for example with the help of its reversing bolt, slide along the reversing means, which can then close the holding point, and be disengaged.

To solve the problem, a method for reversing a crane from M-line operation to N-line operation is also proposed, with an upper block of the crane being coupled into a holding point with a reeving pin, wherein the upper block is first raised with a hoist of the crane to a top dead center above the holding point until a load acting on a hoist rope of the crane and/or a moment of the hoist of the crane reaches a limit value. By monitoring the load acting on the hoisting rope of the crane and/or the moment that the hoisting mechanism has to exert when raising the top block to top dead center above the holding point, it is possible to draw conclusions about whether and when the top block is at top dead center located.

Here, too, the placeholder M can stand for an integer, in particular an even number, which is smaller or greater than the integer, in particular an even number N, depending on the embodiment of the method. With the method described above it is possible, for example, to change over from M=2-rope operation to N=4-rope operation by engaging the upper block in the holding point. In another embodiment of the method, it is possible to change over from M=6 strand operation to N=4 strand operation by engaging the upper block in the holding point.

The load acting on the hoist rope of the crane can be monitored using a load measuring device, for example a load measuring axis, on the crane. The moment of the hoist of the crane can be monitored by corresponding electronics, for example by a frequency converter of the crane and/or a control unit of the crane, and used as a control variable for the crane, in particular for the hoist of the crane.

After reaching the top dead center, the top block can be lowered with the hoist to an intermediate position above the holding point until the load and/or the moment reaches a relief value below the previously mentioned limit value. When the load and/or moment reach(s) the unloading value below the limit, suggests that the intermediate position has been reached. The top block can remain in this intermediate position for a defined period of time, for example by setting the crane hoist to stop. By stopping the top block in the intermediate position below top dead center, but above the stopping point, vibrations that can impair the engagement of the top block in the stopping point can initially be reduced. When the defined period of time has elapsed, the top block can then be lowered and the reversing bolt of the top block engaged in the holding point. The top block can be lowered from the intermediate position by a defined lifting distance, for example.

To solve the tasks, a method for re-shearing a crane from an N-line operation to an M-line operation is proposed, in which an upper block of the crane with a hoist of the crane from a breakpoint, for example in a re-shear link, in a top dead center until a load acting on a hoisting rope of the crane and/or a moment of the hoisting gear reaches/reach a respective limit value. If the limit value is reached, a reversing means is moved from an initial position to a decoupling position in which it closes the holding point for the top block, after which the top block is lowered and thereby decoupled.

Here, too, the placeholder M can stand for an integer, in particular an even number, which is smaller or greater than the integer, in particular an even number N, depending on the embodiment of the method. In one embodiment of the method described above, it is possible, for example, to change over from N=4-rope operation to M=2-rope operation by decoupling the top block from the holding point. In another embodiment of the method, it is possible change over from N=4-fall operation to M=6-fall operation by decoupling the top block from the holding point.

In one embodiment of the method it is provided that a trolley of the crane is driven against a stop with a horizontal drive of the crane, the reversing means being actuated by a reversing stop and being moved into the uncoupling position.

If a moment of the horizontal drive reaches a limit value, for example because the trolley has run against the previously mentioned stop, a safety requirement can be met in order to lower the top block using the hoist.

To solve the problem, a crane, in particular a tower crane or tower crane, is also proposed, which has a reversing device according to one of the claims directed to such a device. The crane can also have a hoist, a horizontal drive for a trolley of the crane and/or a control unit for controlling and/or monitoring the hoist, the horizontal drive and/or a load acting on a hoist cable of the crane and/or a moment of the hoist and / or have horizontal drive.

To solve the problem, a crane is also proposed that has means that are set up to carry out the method steps of a method for reversing the crane according to one of the claims directed to such a method. The crane can have a hoist and/or a horizontal drive and/or a control unit as means, for example.

Finally, to solve the problem, a computer program is also proposed that includes commands that cause the aforementioned crane to carry out the method steps of a method for reversing the crane according to any one of the claims directed to such methods.

The computer program can be stored on a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium can be, for example, a data memory, in particular a control unit of the crane, and/or also a data memory connected via a data network and/or cloud-based.

An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawing. Further exemplary embodiments of the invention are obtained by combining the features of individual or multiple claims with one another and/or by combining individual or multiple features of the exemplary embodiment.

Figur 1

Ein Tragwerk eines Krans mit einer Umschervorrichtung, wobei eine Hakenflasche mit einer Oberflasche und einer Unterflasche sowie eine Umscherkulisse mit einem Haltepunkt zu erkennen sind, in den die Oberflasche mit einem Umscherbolzen zum Umscheren aus einem 2-Strang-Betrieb in einen 4-Strang-Betrieb einkuppelbar ist,

Figur 2

die in Figur 1 gezeigte Umschervorrichtung, wobei der Umscherbolzen der Oberflasche in die Umscherkulisse der Umschervorrichtung eingeführt ist,

Figur 3

eine Vorderansicht der in Figur 1 gezeigten Umschervorrichtung am Tragwerk des Krans,

Figuren 4-10

unterschiedliche Ansichten der in den vorherigen Figuren dargestellten Umschervorrichtung zur Veranschaulichung des Umschervorgangs in sieben einzelnen Stadien aus dem 2-Strang-Betrieb in den 4-Strang-Betrieb,

Figuren 11-17

Ansichten der in den vorherigen Figuren gezeigten Umschervorrichtung zur Veranschaulichung eines Umschervorgangs in sieben unterschiedlichen Stadien aus dem 4-Strang-Betrieb zurück in den 2-Strang-Betrieb,

Figur 18

die in Figur 14 mit dem Kreis Z markierte Einzelheit in vergrößerter Darstellung sowie

Figur 19

die in Figur 15 mit dem Kreis Y markierte Einzelheit in vergrößerter Darstellung.

Show it:

figure 1

A support structure of a crane with a re-reeling device, showing a hook block with an upper block and a lower block as well as a re-reeving link with a holding point into which the upper block with a re-reeling bolt for re-reeving from 2-strand operation to 4-strand operation can be engaged,

figure 2

in the figure 1 shown re-shearing device, wherein the re-shearing pin of the upper block is inserted into the re-shearing link of the re-shearing device,

figure 3

a front view of the in figure 1 shown re-shearing device on the supporting structure of the crane,

Figures 4-10

different views of the reversing device shown in the previous figures Illustration of the re-shearing process in seven individual stages from 2-strand operation to 4-strand operation,

Figures 11-17

Views of the re-shearing device shown in the previous figures to illustrate a re-shearing process in seven different stages from 4-strand operation back to 2-strand operation,

figure 18

in the figure 14 detail marked with the circle Z in an enlarged representation as well as

figure 19

in the figure 15 Detail marked with the circle Y in an enlarged view.

All figures show at least parts of a crane designated 1 as a whole. The crane 1 can be designed, for example, as a tower crane or also as a rotating tower crane, in particular as a tower crane that rotates at the top or bottom.

The crane includes a re-reeving device 2 for re-reeving the crane 1 from 2-strand operation to 4-strand operation.

The re-shearing device 2 has a hook block 3 which includes an upper block 4 and a lower block 5 . The top block 4 can be detached from the bottom block 5 when the crane 1 reverses.

The top block 4 has a reversing bolt 6 . The re-shearing device 2 comprises a holding point 7 and a re-shearing device 8.

The top block 4 can be coupled to the holding point 7 with its reversing bolt 6 for reversing the crane 1 from 2-strand operation to 4-strand operation. Here the The top block 4 is hooked into the holding point 7 with its reversing bolt 6 .

To re-shear from 4-strand operation to 2-strand operation, the top block 4 can be decoupled from the holding point 7 using the re-shearing means 8 .

In the position of use, the reversing device 2 is connected at least indirectly to a support structure 9 of the crane 1 . The structure 9 is a boom of the crane 1.

The re-shearing device 2 comprises a re-shear link 10 in which the holding point 7 is formed. The re-shearing means 8 can be moved from an initial position into a decoupling position for re-shearing the crane 1 from 4-strand operation to 2-strand operation. This is done indirectly by a horizontal drive 27 of the crane 1 for a trolley 11 of the crane 1. In the uncoupling position, the reversing means 8 closes the breakpoint 7 for the reversing bolt 6 of the top block 4. The Figures 18 and 19 show the reversing means 8 in its disengaged position.

The reversing means 8 is designed as a reversing lever and on a link carrier 19 of the reversing device 2 for performing a decoupling movement, ie a movement between the previously mentioned starting position and the one in the Figures 18 and 19 shown uncoupling position, pivoted.

The reversing device 2 also includes a reversing stop 12. The reversing stop 12 is arranged on the support structure 9 of the crane 1. The reversing stop 12 is used to actuate the reversing means 8 and enables the reversing means 8 to be moved from its initial position to its uncoupling position according to FIG Figures 18 and 19 to move.

The reversing means 8 comprises a reversing leg 13 and a stop leg 14. Contacted with the stop leg 14 the Umschermittel 8 the aforementioned Umscher stop 12. The case performed by the stop leg 14 movement is transmitted to the Umscherschenkel 13, whereby the Umscherschenkel 13 in the example in the Figures 18 and 19 reaches the position shown, in which it closes the breakpoint 7 of the reversing device 2 in such a way that the upper block 4 cannot engage in the breakpoint 7 of the reversing device 2 with its reversing bolt 6 when it is lowered.

Since the top block 4 with its reversing bolt 6 can at least temporarily bear weight on the reversing arm 13 of the reversing means 8 , it is advantageous for the reversing arm 13 to be shorter than the stop arm 14 of the reversing means 8 .

This avoids that the trolley 11, on which the Umschermittel 8 and the slide carrier 19 are arranged, by the load on the Umscherschenkel 13 on the Umscher stop 12 from the in the Figures 18 and 19 position shown is pressed.

the Figures 18 and 19 make it clear that the reversing leg 13 of the reversing means 8 is at least flush with a guide flank 15 of the reversing link 10 or even protrudes into the reversing link 10 when the reversing means 8 is in the uncoupled position. The re-shear leg 13 has a guide surface 16 along which the top block 4 with its re-shear pin 6 can slide when re-shearing from 4-strand operation back to 2-strand operation.

In order to be able to move the reversing device 8 from its uncoupling position back to its starting position, the reversing device 2 is equipped with a restoring means 17, namely a restoring spring. With the help of the return means 17, the reversing device 2 can, for example, be returned to its figure 1 shown initial position are moved by an end stop 18 on the trolley 11 and the link carrier 19, which is connected to the trolley 11 is. The above-mentioned reversing link 10 is formed on the link carrier 19 .

The reversing device 2 has a guide surface 20 on an underside of the link carrier 19 . The guide surface 20 serves to guide the reversing bolt 6 securely into the reversing link 10 .

For example the figures 1 , 18 and 19 make it clear that the reversing device 2 has an upper dead center 21 in its reversing link 10, which is arranged opposite the breakpoint 7 and the breakpoint 7.

The method for re-shearing the crane 1 from 2-strand operation to 4-strand operation can be illustrated particularly well using the total of seven stages in Figures 4-10 are shown.

It is provided here that the top block 4 of the crane 1 is coupled with its reversing bolt 6 into the previously mentioned holding point 7 . The top block 4 is first raised with a hoist 22 of the crane 1 to the top dead center 21 above the holding point 7 until a load acting on a hoist rope 23 of the crane 1 and/or a moment of the hoist 22 reaches a respective limit value. The load acting on the hoist rope 23 of the crane 1 can be determined, for example, with a load measuring device 24, which is only shown in a highly schematic form, for example with a load measuring axis, of the crane 1. The torque applied by the hoist mechanism 22 of the crane 1 can be measured with a control unit 25 and/or a frequency converter 26 of the crane 1 can be monitored and determined.

The lifting of the top block 4 in the top dead center 21 is in the stages 1-4, in the Figures 4-7 are shown. In figure 8 the top block 4 has then reached the top dead center 21 .

After the upper block 4 has reached the top dead center 21, the upper block 4 is lowered with the hoist 22 of the crane 1 to an intermediate position above the holding point 7 but below the dead center 21 until the load and/or the moment reaches a relief value below the limit value Has. figure 9 shows the top block 4 in this intermediate position.

The upper block 4 remains in this intermediate position for a defined period of time so that any vibrations and/or movements of the upper block 4 can be reduced. The upper block 4 is then lowered, for example by a defined lifting distance, with the aid of the lifting gear 22 and the reversing bolt 6 of the upper block 4 is thereby coupled into the holding point 7 .

So the top block 4 remains in the in figure 10 shown position on the support structure 9 of the crane 1, whereby the crane 1 is then reversed from the 2-strand operation to the 4-strand operation and the lower block 5 is suspended independently of the upper block 4 on four strands of the hoist rope 23 with the hoist 22 of the crane 1 can be moved.

Look at the seven in the Figures 11 to 17 The procedure for reversing the crane 1 from 4-strand operation to 2-strand operation can be explained in the stages of re-shear shown.

It is provided here that the top block 4 is initially raised from the holding point 7 to the top dead center 21 with the hoisting mechanism 22 of the crane 1, until a load acting on the hoisting rope 23 of the crane 1 and/or a moment of the hoisting mechanism 22 reaches a respective limit value. Then the re-shearing means 8 of the re-shearing device 2 is moved from the starting position (cf. for example figure 1 ) into the disengaged position (cf. for example Figures 18 and 19 ) Moves in which the Umschermittel 8 breakpoint 7 for the Upper block 4 closed. The upper block 4 can then be lowered and thus disengaged.

In order to actuate the reversing means 8 and to move it from its starting position to the uncoupling position, the trolley 11 of the crane 1 is driven with the horizontal drive 27 of the crane 1 against a stop 28 which limits the travel of the trolley 11 .

The stop 28 is arranged between a coupling point 29 of the supporting structure 9 of the crane 1, for example adjacent to a pulpit of the crane 1, and a working point 30 of the trolley 11 closest to the coupling point 29 on the supporting structure 9 of the crane 1. figure 1 makes it clear that the reversing means 8 has already contacted the reversing stop 12 before the trolley 11 has reached its stop 28 . In this way it is possible to move the reversing means 8 from the initial position to its uncoupling position by moving the trolley 11 against its stop 28 .

By monitoring a moment of the horizontal drive 27 of the crane 1, it can be determined when the trolley 11 has reached the stop 28. As soon as the trolley 11 has reached the stop 28, an increase in the moment of the horizontal drive 27 of the crane 1 can be detected. When the moment of the horizontal drive 27 reaches a defined limit value, the top block 4 is lowered with the lifting gear 22 . The upper block 4 with its reversing bolt 6 escaped from the in figure 18 shown position first in the in figure 19 position shown, in which the Umscherhaken 6 rests on the Umscherschenkel 13 of Umschermittel 8. If the top block 4 is further lowered with the aid of the lifting mechanism 22, the top block 4 slips out of the re-shear link 10 along the guide surface 16 of the re-shear arm 13 and is thus finally disengaged. Upper block 4 and lower block 5 can then be adjusted vertically together in 2-strand operation using the hoist 22 of the crane 1.

With its control unit 25, its load measuring device 24, its frequency converter 26, its hoist 22 and its horizontal drive 27, the crane 1 has means by which it is set up to carry out the method steps of the aforementioned method for reversing the crane 1.

The control unit 27 comprises a computer-readable medium 31, namely a data memory, on which a computer program 32 is stored, which comprises instructions which cause the crane 1 to carry out the method steps of the methods for reversing the crane 1 explained above.

The invention deals with improvements in the technical field of crane construction. For this purpose, inter alia, a re-shearing device 2 is proposed which has a holding point 7 and a re-shearing means 8 . In order to re-shear a crane 1 using the reversing device 2 from an M-strand operation, in particular from a 2-strand operation, to an N-strand operation, in particular to a 4-strand operation, the top block 4 with its Reversing bolts 6 are engaged in breakpoint 7. In order to reverse the crane 1 from the N-strand operation back to the M-strand operation, the top block 4 can be decoupled from the holding point 7 with the aid of the reversing means 8 .

Reference List

1

crane

2

transfer device

3

hook block

4

upper block

5

bottom block

6

reversing bolt

7

breakpoint

8th

reversing means

9

Structure

10

reversing backdrop

11

trolley

12

reversing stop

13

shanks

14

stop leg

15

leading edge

16

guide surface

17

return means

18

End stop for 8

19

backdrop carrier

20

Guide surface at 19

21

Top Dead Center

22

hoist

23

hoist rope

24

load measuring equipment

25

control unit

26

frequency converter

27

horizontal drive

28

stop for 11

29

hitch point

30

operating point

31

Computer Readable Medium

32

computer program

Claims (22)

Reeving device (2) for reeving a crane (1), the reeving device (2) having a hook block (3) which comprises an upper block (4) and a lower block (5), the upper block (4) when the crane is being reeved ( 1) is detachable from the lower block (5), characterized in that the upper block (4) has a reversing bolt (6) and the reversing device (2) has a holding point (7) and a reversing means (8), the upper block (4) for reversing the crane (1) from an M-strand operation to an N-strand operation with its reversing bolt (6) in the holding point (7) can be coupled, in particular hooked, and for re-shearing from the N-strand operation can be decoupled from the breakpoint (7) in M-strand operation using the reversing means (8). Reshearing device (2) according to Claim 1, in which the reshearing means (8) can be actuated at least indirectly with a horizontal drive (27) of a crane (1) which is equipped with the reshearing device (2), and in particular can be moved from an initial position into a decoupling position . Reversing device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the holding point (7) when the reversing device (2) is in the position of use is connected at least indirectly to a support structure (9) of the crane (1) and/or wherein the reversing device (2) has a reversing link (10), in which the holding point (7) is formed. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reversing means (8) can be moved from one or the starting position into one or the decoupling position in which the reversing means (8) has the stopping point (7) for the reversing bolt (6) closed. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reversing means (8) is a reversing lever and/or wherein the reversing means (8), in particular on a trolley (11) of the reversing device (2) and/or the crane (1), is pivotally mounted for execution. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reversing device (2) has a reversing stop (12) for actuating the reversing means (8), in particular wherein the reversing stop (12) is mounted on a support structure (9) of a crane ( 1) which is equipped with the reversing device (2). Reshear device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reshear means (8), in particular the reshear lever, has a reshear leg 13 and a stop leg (14), preferably the stop leg being longer than the reshear leg. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reversing arm (13) of the reversing means (8) is flush with a guide flank (15) of the reversing link (10) or projects into the reversing link (10) when the reversing means (8) is in the uncoupled position. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reversing device (2) has a restoring means (17), in particular a restoring spring, with which the reversing means (8) can be moved from its uncoupled position back into its initial position. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, the reversing device (2), in particular on an underside of a connecting link carrier (19) of the reversing device (2), has a guide surface (20) for the reversing bolt (6), via which the reversing bolt (6) is guided into the reversing link (10). can. Reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reversing device (2), in particular the reversing link (10), has an upper dead center (21), in particular above the holding point (7) and/or arranged opposite the holding point (7). is. Use of a horizontal drive (27), in particular a trolley drive, of a crane (1) for actuating a re-shearing means of a re-shearing device (2) when decoupling an upper block (4) of the crane (1) from a holding point of the re-shearing device (2), in particular according to one of the previous claims, the crane (1) when reversing the crane (1). Use according to the preceding claim, wherein a hoisting mechanism (22) of the crane (1) is used to couple the upper block (4) into the holding point (7) when the crane (1) is reversed. Method for reversing a crane (1) from an M-strand operation to an N-strand operation, wherein an upper block (4) of the crane (1) is coupled into a holding point (7) with a reversing bolt (6), wherein the top block (4) is first raised to a top dead center (21) above the holding point (7) with a hoist (22) of the crane (1) until a load and/or or a moment of the hoisting mechanism (22) of the crane (1) reaches/reach a limit value. Method according to the preceding claim, in which the top block (4) is lowered with the hoist (22) into an intermediate position above the holding point (7) after reaching the top dead center (21) until the load and/or the moment has a relief value below the limit is/are reached, after which the upper block (4) remains in the intermediate position for a defined period of time and is then lowered, in particular by a defined lifting distance, and the reversing bolt (6) of the upper block (4) is thereby coupled into the holding point (7). Method for reversing a crane (1) from an N-strand operation to an M-strand operation, a top block (4) with a hoist (22) of the crane (1) from a stopping point (7) to a top dead center (21) is raised until a load acting on a hoisting cable (23) of the crane (1) and/or a moment of the hoisting gear (22) reaches a respective limit value, after which a re-shearing means (8) is moved from an initial position into a decoupling position , in which it closes the holding point (7) for the upper block (4), after which the upper block (4) is lowered and thereby disengaged. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein a trolley (11) of the crane (1) is driven with a horizontal drive (27) of the crane (1) against a stop (28), in particular between a pulpit of the crane (1) and one of the pulpit of the crane (1) next operating point (30) of the trolley (11) is arranged on the support structure (9) of the crane (1), whereby the reversing means is actuated by a reversing stop (12) and is moved into the uncoupling position. Method according to the preceding claim, in which the top block (4) is lowered with the lifting mechanism (22) when a moment of the horizontal drive (27) exceeds a limit value reached. Crane (1), in particular tower crane or tower crane, with a reversing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, in particular wherein the crane (1) has a hoist (22) and/or a horizontal drive (27) and/or a control unit (25) having. Crane (1), in particular according to the preceding claim, with means which are set up to carry out the method steps of a method for reversing the crane (1) according to one of claims 14 to 18, in particular the crane (1) having a hoist as a means (22) and/or a horizontal drive (27) and/or a control unit (25). Computer program (32) comprising instructions which cause the crane (1) according to any one of the preceding claims to carry out the method steps of the method according to any one of claims 14 to 18. Computer-readable medium (31) on which the computer program (32) according to the preceding claim is stored.

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