EP4046154A1 - System, verfahren und tragelement zur aktiven dämpfung akustischer schwingungen einer schiene für den schienenverkehr - Google Patents
System, verfahren und tragelement zur aktiven dämpfung akustischer schwingungen einer schiene für den schienenverkehrInfo
- Publication number
- EP4046154A1 EP4046154A1 EP20788752.2A EP20788752A EP4046154A1 EP 4046154 A1 EP4046154 A1 EP 4046154A1 EP 20788752 A EP20788752 A EP 20788752A EP 4046154 A1 EP4046154 A1 EP 4046154A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- actuator
- support element
- oscillation
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
- G10K2210/1283—Trains, trams or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
- G10K2210/1291—Anti-Vibration-Control, e.g. reducing vibrations in panels or beams
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system and a method for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of a rail for rail traffic and a support element for a rail for rail traffic for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of the rail with the system.
- the noise emissions from train journeys are mainly determined by the rolling noise generated at the wheel-rail contact. Rolling noises are generated when the wheels roll on the rail track.
- the surface and structural irregularities of the rail and wheeled surfaces which are determined by the material structure, wear and corrosion, cause predominantly vertical excitations of the wheelsets and rails when rolling, which stimulate them to vibrate, which are transmitted as airborne sound into the surrounding air and as structure-borne sound to the substructure of the rails be handed in.
- the above-mentioned passive systems can only reduce the released sound pressure level by up to 3 dB (A), however, depending on the train speed, a sound pressure level of well over 60 dB (A) can be managed.
- the patent EP 1 497 164 B1 describes a method for reducing the sound transmission from rail vehicles.
- At least one vibration sensor detects the disruptive vibrations generated and / or transmitted by a wheel set.
- a device for frequency analysis of the signals of the at least one vibration sensor determines frequencies with the strongest harmonic excitations.
- the residual vibrations that are transmitted to the car body are measured by means of an error sensor.
- Control signals are then generated for at least one actuator, taking into account the signals from the at least one error sensor.
- the at least one actuator minimizes the residual vibrations that are transmitted to the car body.
- Patent DE 19824 125 C1 discloses a method for the active suppression of chassis-related vibration excitations, in particular airborne noise excitations, in the passenger compartment of rail vehicles.
- Vibration sensors are provided that detect the vibrations of the intermediate frames or the car body above the primary springs.
- actuators are provided with which compensating forces can be applied parallel to the primary springs assigned to each disk wheel.
- a control device generates control signals for the actuators as a function of the vibrations, which control signals consist of frequency components with one or more integer multiples of a rotational frequency of the disk wheel.
- the control device defines the phases and amplitudes of the respective frequency components in such a way that the vibrations are minimized.
- the patent application DE 19842 345 A1 discloses a rail vehicle with a car body on which at least one vibration absorber device is provided for energy-efficient damping of vibrations of the car body, the oscillation frequency of the vibration absorber device being controlled as a function of control signals of at least one vibration sensor assigned to the car body.
- the vibration absorber device has a spring and spring actuator preferably designed as a hydropneumatic actuator Damper element on.
- a passive vibration absorber mass is coupled to the car body via the actuator.
- the object of the invention is to create a cost-efficient system and method for the effective reduction of noise emissions from rail traffic.
- the invention relates to a system for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of a rail for rail traffic, comprising at least one sensor at least to detect an acoustic vertical vibration of the rail, at least one actuator at least to excite a vertical counter-vibration of the rail and at least one communicative with the at least one sensor and the control unit connected to the at least one actuator for controlling the at least one actuator as a function of the vibration detected by the sensor.
- acoustic oscillation in the sense of the invention refers to an oscillation with a frequency in the frequency range of
- the at least one oscillation and the at least one counter oscillation each comprise an, in particular time-dependent, oscillation spectrum or counter oscillation spectrum, each with a plurality of mutually different frequencies and amplitudes.
- the at least one vibration of the rail is caused, for example, by the rolling of the wheels of a rail vehicle on the rail and thus forms the source of the wheel-rail noise of the rail vehicle together with vibrations of the wheels.
- the at least one sensor can comprise, for example, a piezoelectric sensor, magnetic induction sensor and / or micro-electromechanical sensor attached to the rail.
- the system can comprise a sensor designed as a fault sensor for measuring a residual vibration transmitted to a support element and / or a substructure of the rail during the superposition of the vibration with the counter vibration.
- the control unit can advantageously regulate the counter-oscillation in a closed control loop.
- the at least one sensor and the at least one actuator are designed at least to detect a vertical oscillation or to excite a vertical counter-oscillation, since wheel-rail noises are usually mainly caused by vertical vibrations of the wheel-rail system.
- the at least one control unit preferably comprises a computer device, for example a one-chip system, an embedded computer system, a programmable logic controller, a network client and / or a network server.
- the at least one control unit can be communicatively connected to the at least one sensor and / or the at least one actuator in a wireless and / or wired manner.
- the counter-oscillation is set up to interfere with the detected oscillation in a destructive manner.
- the vibration of the rail is dampened according to the principle of active noise compensation and noise emissions from the rail are reduced.
- the at least one actuator is mechanically coupled to the rail and to a counterweight that is stationary relative to a substructure of the rail.
- the term "substructure” denotes the entirety of the constructions, which statically support the rail, in particular indirectly via a track bed.
- this also includes a number of engineering structures (e.g. retaining walls, wing and lining walls, bridges, overpass structures and culverts).
- the counterweight can be mechanically connected to the substructure and / or fixed in place by the inertia of the counterweight. Due to the mechanical connection with the counterweight, the actuator can generate a counter-oscillation of the rail relative to the substructure.
- the at least one actuator is coupled to the rail and dampens the vibration of the rail, in particular a transmission of structure-borne noise from the rail to the substructure and its surroundings, for example to nearby buildings, is reduced.
- an emission of airborne noise from the rail is also reduced, in particular if the substructure comprises a bridge structure, which in turn can be excited to vibrate by structure-borne noise emitted by the rail.
- An arrangement of the at least one actuator on the rail has the advantage over a system fully integrated in a rail vehicle that it is sufficient for effective noise reduction in particularly affected areas to equip only the rail sections there with the system according to the invention. This results in lower costs than if all rail vehicles passing through the area had to be equipped with noise reduction systems.
- the at least one actuator preferably comprises at least one piezoelectric actuator.
- a piezoelectric actuator has the advantage that it is particularly low-maintenance and has a long service life, which is particularly advantageous for an arrangement on the rail in order not to shorten the maintenance intervals of the rail, which are longer in relation to rail vehicles.
- the at least one actuator is preferably designed to excite a counter-vibration of the rail in a suitable frequency range, amplitude range and power range to compensate for typical vibrations generated by the wheel-rail contact of rail vehicles.
- the at least one actuator preferably comprises at least one stacked piezoelectric actuator.
- the frequency range, amplitude range and / or power range of the actuator can be designed to be particularly suitable for the excitation of the counter-oscillation.
- the frequency range, amplitude range and / or power range of the stacked actuator can be dynamically adapted to the detected vibration during operation of the system through variable control of individual actuators of a stacked actuator.
- the counterweight preferably comprises a support element carrying the rail. This means that a separate counterweight can be dispensed with, so that the system can be installed particularly inexpensively and easily.
- the support element comprises, for example, a sleeper, an element, in particular a base, a so-called fixed track and / or an element of the substructure of the rail on which the rail is laid.
- the at least one actuator preferably mechanically connects an underside of the rail to the support element.
- a particularly efficient coupling for generating a vertical counter-oscillation is possible on the underside of the rail.
- the rail rests directly on the at least one actuator.
- the system preferably comprises at least one support element for static support of the rail, which support element is arranged parallel to the at least one actuator with regard to a force transmission between the rail and the support element.
- the support element prevents the at least one actuator from being overloaded by a weight of the rail and possibly a rail vehicle on it.
- the support element can, for example, comprise a damping layer made of an, in particular fiber-reinforced, elastomer, such as is used, for example, as the sole or damping pad of railway sleepers.
- the damping layer allows a movement of the rail excited by the actuator and provides a finite movement Compressibility ensures a minimum distance between the rail and the support element in order to protect the actuator from overload.
- the damping layer reduces the transmission of a portion of the vibration of the rail that is not extinguished by the counter-vibration to the support element. Furthermore, the damping layer allows the rail to be pretensioned on the at least one actuator with the aid of fastening elements.
- a preload is particularly advantageous in the case of a piezoelectric actuator, since a piezoelectric actuator can generally exert a significantly higher, for example ten times higher, force in the direction of compression than in the direction of tension. The preload supports a movement of the rail in the pulling direction of the actuator and counteracts a movement of the rail in the pushing direction of the actuator.
- a pressure reduction element for reducing a pressure exerted by the actuator on the support element.
- the pressure reducing element increases, for example, a bearing surface of the actuator on the support element and thereby reduces the pressure.
- the pressure reducing element reduces a mechanical load on the support element, for example due to local stress concentrations in the support element, and thereby increases its service life.
- the pressure-reducing element comprises, for example, a sleeve, for example made of sheet metal, in which the at least one actuator is at least partially arranged in the support element.
- the rail is preferably fastened to the support element with at least one fastening element.
- the at least one fastening element comprises, for example, a fastening clip for pressing the rail onto the support element and / or a superstructure W, superstructure K or superstructure KS known from track construction.
- the at least one actuator is preferably arranged in series with the fastening element with regard to a force transmission between the rail and the support element, and / or the actuator replaces the fastening element.
- An arrangement of the at least one actuator on the fastening element or instead of the fastening element has the advantage of easier accessibility than with an arrangement on the underside of the rail, whereby the installation and maintenance of the Actuator and in particular retrofitting an existing rail with the actuator is simplified.
- At least one damping element for damping vibration transmission from the rail to the support element with respect to a force transmission between the rail and the support element is arranged in series with the fastening element, and / or the fastening element itself is, for example, by a suitable shape and / or Choice of material, designed to dampen the transmission of vibrations from the rail to the support element.
- the damping element can comprise, for example, a damping layer made of an, in particular fiber-reinforced, elastomer, such as is used, for example, as the sole or damping pad of railway sleepers.
- the damping layer reduces the transmission of a portion of the vibration of the rail that is not extinguished by the counter vibration to the support element.
- the at least one actuator is arranged in series with the fastening element, preferably no damping element is arranged in series with the same fastening element and the fastening element itself is not designed to be vibration-damping so as not to dampen an excitation of the rail to the counter-vibration by the actuator .
- the at least one sensor is preferably designed to detect a horizontal vibration of the rail transversely to a longitudinal axis of the rail, and the at least one actuator is preferably designed to excite a horizontal counter vibration of the rail transversely to a longitudinal axis of the rail.
- the at least one actuator preferably comprises at least one first actuator with a first axis of movement and a second actuator with a second axis of movement, the first axis of movement and the second axis of movement not being aligned parallel to one another, preferably orthogonal to one another.
- counter-vibrations of the rail can be set in different directions, in particular horizontally across the rail and vertical, stimulate.
- the two or more actuators can be combined as a stacked actuator.
- the at least one sensor preferably comprises at least one first sensor with a first measuring axis and a second sensor with a second measuring axis, the first measuring axis and the second measuring axis not being aligned parallel to one another, preferably orthogonally to one another. Vibrations of the rail in different directions, in particular horizontally transversely to the rail and vertically, can be detected by the two sensors and, if necessary, further sensors.
- the system preferably comprises at least one energy supply unit for supplying the system with energy, the energy supply unit having at least one energy generation element for local energy generation, preferably with a photovoltaic element and / or a piezoelectric element, and at least one energy store, for example an accumulator, for storing the includes energy obtained with the energy harvesting element.
- the energy supply unit having at least one energy generation element for local energy generation, preferably with a photovoltaic element and / or a piezoelectric element, and at least one energy store, for example an accumulator, for storing the includes energy obtained with the energy harvesting element.
- the energy supply unit means that there is no need for a complex connection of the system to an external energy supply, for example to an urban power grid or to a rail power grid.
- the photovoltaic element can for example be arranged on a noise protection wall.
- the piezoelectric element can be coupled to the rail, for example, for converting vibrations of the rail induced by a rail vehicle into electrical energy.
- the system preferably comprises at least one transmission element for power transmission between the at least one actuator and the rail, the transmission element being a deflecting element for deflecting an effective direction of the transmitted force, a gear element for translating the transmitted force and / or an overload protection device to limit the transmitted force Power includes.
- the at least one actuator can act, for example, on the underside of the rail without having to be arranged directly under the rail.
- the actuator is protected from overloading, for example due to the weight of the rail and a rail vehicle traveling on it, and is more easily accessible, for example for installation, maintenance and / or retrofitting.
- An overload protection device for example a slip clutch, also protects the actuator from overload, for example due to the weight of the rail and a rail vehicle traveling on it.
- the transmission element can in particular be designed for the mechanical coupling of several actuators, for example with mutually different axes of movement, to the rail.
- a particular advantage of the system is that it can be designed, for example by arranging the at least one actuator and the at least one sensor under the rail, so that it can carry out normal maintenance work on the rail, for example grinding down an upper side of the Rail or a replacement of the rail, not hindered.
- This is where the system differs, for example, from known systems for noise reduction, in which sound absorbers are attached directly to the rail.
- the invention relates to a support element for a rail for rail traffic for active damping of acoustic vibrations of the rail with a system according to the invention and a system according to the invention with such a support element.
- the support element comprises, for example, a sleeper for laying the rail on a ballast bed or an element, in particular a base, of a so-called fixed track for laying the rail.
- the support element can in particular have features of conventional railway sleepers or elements of the fixed track, for example with regard to shape, dimensions, material composition and / or fastening elements for the rail. This results in the advantage that the support element can be installed and removed quickly and inexpensively using conventional devices and methods, in particular using an automated rail construction train.
- the at least one actuator of the system is preferably at least partially integrated into the support element, for example arranged under the rail in a recess in the support element.
- further components of the system for example the at least one sensor, the at least one control unit, a supply unit and / or transmission element, can be at least partially integrated into the support element.
- the support element preferably comprises at least one inspection access for maintenance and / or for the replacement of the at least one actuator when the support element is in an installed state that supports the rail.
- the inspection access includes, for example, a closable opening on an upper side of the support element next to the rail.
- the inspection access allows the at least one actuator and, if necessary, further components of the system integrated in the support element to be serviced, exchanged or retrofitted without having to dismantle the support element or the rail.
- the support element can initially be mounted in a rail traffic route without components of the system according to the invention in order to fulfill the function of a conventional support element there without significant additional costs. If necessary, a system according to the invention can then be retrofitted with little effort.
- the support element can, for example, initially be fitted with just one actuator to excite a vertical counter-oscillation and later retrofitted with a further actuator to excite a horizontal counter-oscillation.
- the invention relates to a rail traffic route with at least one rail, in particular at least two rails, comprising at least one system according to the invention for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of the at least one rail.
- the system preferably comprises a number, in particular a plurality of sensors spaced apart from one another along the rail, and a plurality of actuators spaced apart from one another along the rail, the number of sensors preferably being smaller than the plurality of actuators.
- the number of sensors for detecting vibrations of the rail can be selected to be lower than the large number of actuators for generating counter-vibrations without significant loss of detection quality.
- the vibrations detected by the sensors can be evaluated by a single control unit or also by several control units for controlling the actuators.
- the invention relates to a method for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of a rail for rail traffic, in particular with a system according to the invention, comprising at least the following of at least one control unit Steps carried out: a) automatic detection of at least one vertical oscillation of the rail with at least one sensor, b) automatic excitation of at least one vertical counter-oscillation of the rail with at least one actuator, c) the counter-oscillation being set up to destructively interfere with the detected oscillation, and d) wherein the at least one actuator is mechanically coupled to the rail and to a support element carrying the rail.
- the counter-oscillation can be calculated from the detected oscillation by the control unit using methods known from the field of active noise compensation.
- the detected oscillation can be used by the control unit to detect an arrival of a train and preferably a train type of the arriving train.
- the control unit can control the at least one actuator, for example, to excite a general counter-oscillation, the general counter-oscillation being designed to be destructive with an oscillation of the rail generated by a train usually running on the relevant rail to interfere.
- a general counter-oscillation has the advantage that a counter-oscillation does not have to be calculated again for each arriving train, so that the control unit can be designed to be less powerful and more cost-effective.
- the general counter-oscillation can be determined, for example, by a self-learning algorithm from previously detected oscillations.
- the control unit preferably controls the at least one actuator to excite a train-type-specific counter-oscillation as soon as the arrival of a train of a certain train type is detected.
- the type of train can be determined from the detected vibration and / or from an arrival time and a comparison with a train schedule.
- the use of a train type-specific counter oscillation is less computationally intensive than calculating the counter oscillation from the detected oscillation and generally allows stronger damping than a general counter oscillation.
- the train type-specific counter-oscillation can, for example, result from a self-learning algorithm previously detected vibrations can be determined in connection with the associated train types.
- the control unit can use at least one sensor of the system as a fault sensor in order to measure a residual vibration which is transmitted to a support element and / or a substructure of the rail during the excitation of the counter vibration.
- the control unit preferably regulates the counter oscillation in a closed control loop in such a way that the residual oscillation is minimized.
- the method preferably comprises at least the following steps carried out by the at least one control unit: a) automatic detection of at least one horizontal oscillation of the rail with at least one sensor, b) automatic excitation of at least one horizontal counter-oscillation of the rail with the at least one actuator, c) wherein the counter oscillation is set up to destructively interfere with the detected oscillation.
- a particular advantage of the invention is that it counteracts rail traffic noise where it arises. In particular, this means that less space is required for the construction of rail traffic routes - since large noise barriers are superfluous.
- a driving ban for trains at night can ideally be dispensed with due to lower noise emissions, so that more trains can run through noise-sensitive areas. Living near railways will make lower noise emissions much more attractive. This will increase the acceptance of rail transport as an efficient and environmentally friendly logistics system.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a further schematic representation of a system according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a further schematic representation of a system according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a further schematic representation of a system according to the invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a rail traffic route according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system 100 according to the invention for the active damping of acoustic vibrations of at least one rail 310 for rail traffic.
- FIG. 1 two parallel rails 310 of a track with two wheels R of a rail vehicle resting thereon are shown as an example.
- the system 100 comprises, for example, a sensor 110, for example a piezoelectric sensor, for detecting an acoustic vertical oscillation of each rail 310, in each case an actuator 120, for example a piezoelectric actuator, for exciting a vertical counter-oscillation of the rail 310 and communicatively with Control unit 130 connected to sensors 110 and actuators 120 (connections not shown), for example an embedded computer system, for controlling actuators 120 as a function of the vibrations detected by sensors 110.
- a sensor 110 for example a piezoelectric sensor
- an actuator 120 for example a piezoelectric actuator, for exciting a vertical counter-oscillation of the rail 310 and communicatively with Control unit 130 connected to sensors 110 and actuators 120 (connections not shown), for example an embedded computer system, for controlling actuators 120 as a function of the vibrations detected by sensors 110.
- the actuators 120 are mechanically coupled to the respective rail 310 and to a support element 200 carrying the rail 310, for example a sleeper, and mechanically connect an underside of the respective rail 310 to the support element 200, for example.
- the system 100 shown comprises in each case a support element 150, with respect to a force transmission between the rail 310 and the support element 200, arranged parallel to the actuator 120, for the static support of the rail 310.
- the support element 150 comprises, for example, a damping pad made of an elastomer, into which the respective actuator 120 can be integrated.
- FIG. 2 shows a further schematic illustration of a system 100 according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows only one rail 310, each with a sensor 110 and an actuator 120 arranged thereon.
- a fastening element 220 for example a fastening clip, which presses the rail 310 onto the support element 200, is also shown.
- the fastening element 220 can in particular bring about a compressive prestress on the actuator 120 arranged under the rail 310 in a support element 150, for example in a damping pad made of an elastomer.
- the illustrated system 100 comprises a pressure reduction element 160, for example a metal sleeve, which is arranged with respect to a force transmission between the actuator 120 and the support element 200 in order to limit a pressure exerted by the actuator 120 on the support element 200.
- a pressure reduction element 160 for example a metal sleeve
- the system 100 shown comprises an error sensor 111 for measuring a residual vibration transmitted to the support element 200.
- FIG. 3 shows a further schematic illustration of a system 100 according to the invention for the active damping of acoustic oscillations of at least one rail 310 for rail traffic.
- the system 100 comprises, for example, a sensor 110, for example a piezoelectric sensor, for detecting an acoustic vertical oscillation of the rail 310, an actuator 120, for example a piezoelectric actuator, for exciting a vertical counter-oscillation of the rail 310 and communicative with the sensors 110 and the actuators 120 connected control unit 130, for example an embedded computer system, for control of the actuator 120 as a function of the vibration detected by the sensor 110.
- the communicative connections are shown as dashed lines.
- the actuator 120 is mechanically coupled to the rail 310 and to a support element 200 carrying the rail 310, for example a sleeper, and connects, for example, an underside of the rail 310 mechanically to the support element 200.
- a support element 200 carrying the rail 310 for example a sleeper
- the system 100 shown comprises a support element 150, which is arranged parallel to the actuator 120 with respect to a force transmission between the rail 310 and the support element 200, for the static support of the rail 310.
- the support element 150 comprises, for example, a damping pad made of an elastomer, into which the actuator 120 can be integrated.
- the rail 310 is preferably fastened to the support element 200 with at least one fastening element 220.
- the at least one fastening element 220 comprises, for example, a superstructure W, superstructure K or superstructure KS known from track construction.
- At least one damping element 155 for damping a transmission of vibrations from the rail 310 to the support element 200 with respect to a force transmission between the rail 310 and the support element 200 is preferably arranged in series with the fastening element 220.
- the damping element 155 can comprise, for example, a damping layer made of an, in particular fiber-reinforced, elastomer.
- FIG. 4 shows a further schematic illustration of a system 100 according to the invention.
- the system 100 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the system 100 shown in FIG. 3 in that the actuator 110 does not mechanically connect the underside of the rail 310 to the support element 200, but rather with regard to a force transmission between the rail 310 and the support element 200 is arranged in series with the fastener 220.
- a combination (not shown) of at least one actuator 110 arranged according to FIG. 3 with at least one actuator 110 arranged according to FIG. 4 is also possible.
- an actuator 110 is arranged in series with the fastening element 220, preferably no damping element 155 is arranged in series with the same fastening element 220.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a rail traffic route 300 according to the invention with at least one rail 310 and at least one system 100 according to the invention for active damping of acoustic vibrations of the at least one rail 310.
- the system 100 comprises a plurality of sensors 110 spaced from one another along the rail 310 (two sensors 110 shown by way of example) and a plurality of actuators 120 spaced apart from one another along the rail 310 (three actuators 120 shown by way of example), the plurality of sensors 110 being smaller than the plurality of actuators 120.
- the system 100 comprises a control unit 130 communicatively connected to the sensors 110 and the actuators 120.
- the communicative connections are shown as dashed lines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019127824.4A DE102019127824A1 (de) | 2019-10-15 | 2019-10-15 | System, Verfahren und Tragelement zur aktiven Dämpfung akustischer Schwingungen einer Schiene für den Schienenverkehr |
PCT/EP2020/078066 WO2021073963A1 (de) | 2019-10-15 | 2020-10-07 | System, verfahren und tragelement zur aktiven dämpfung akustischer schwingungen einer schiene für den schienenverkehr |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4046154A1 true EP4046154A1 (de) | 2022-08-24 |
EP4046154B1 EP4046154B1 (de) | 2024-09-04 |
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EP20788752.2A Active EP4046154B1 (de) | 2019-10-15 | 2020-10-07 | Schienenverkehrsweg und verfahren zur aktiven dämpfung akustischer schwingungen einer schiene für den schienenverkehr |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US12091822B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4046154B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2022552356A (de) |
CN (1) | CN114555886A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019127824A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021073963A1 (de) |
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ES2960806T3 (es) * | 2019-03-08 | 2024-03-06 | Trelleborg Retford Ltd | Un amortiguador de ruido y un método para producir un amortiguador de ruido |
PL447711A1 (pl) * | 2024-02-06 | 2024-09-02 | Politechnika Częstochowska | Aktywny reduktor i system oddziaływań dynamicznych oraz sposób redukcji oddziaływań dynamicznych |
Family Cites Families (17)
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AT8231B (de) | 1901-07-26 | 1902-07-10 | Paul Hansel | Maschine zur Herstellung der Zapfen für verdeckte Verzinkung. |
FR2463707A1 (fr) * | 1979-08-23 | 1981-02-27 | Sncf | Procede et dispositif de detection d'eboulement(s) sur voie ferroviaire ou d'approche des trains |
US5237618A (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1993-08-17 | General Electric Company | Electronic compensation system for elimination or reduction of inter-channel interference in noise cancellation systems |
DE4212782A1 (de) * | 1992-04-16 | 1993-10-21 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung der Schwingungen von Schienen |
DE19824125C1 (de) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-09-16 | Eras Entwicklung Und Realisati | Verfahren und Schienenfahrzeug zur aktiven Unterdrückung von fahrwerksbedingten Schwingungsanregungen im Fahrgastraum von Schienenfahrzeugen |
DE19842345C2 (de) * | 1998-09-16 | 2001-08-16 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Schienenfahrzeug mit einem Wagenaufbau |
DE50212617D1 (de) * | 2002-04-22 | 2008-09-18 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Verfahren zur verminderung der schallübertragung in fahrzeugen, fahrwerk für fahrzeuge und aktuator |
GB2403759A (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-12 | Pandrol Ltd | Tuned absorbers for railway rails |
DE102006028740B4 (de) * | 2006-06-20 | 2015-02-26 | Sedra Gmbh | Kontinuierliche elastische Schienenlagerung |
DE102007034504A1 (de) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-02-05 | Rögener, Baldur | Verfahren und Überwachungssystem zum Überwachen von Schienen-Fahrwegen |
US8521380B2 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2013-08-27 | Eaton Corporation | Shift rail transmission position sensing with tolerance for sensor loss |
DE102009044339A1 (de) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-04-28 | Edilon) (Sedra Gmbh | Lärmschutzeinrichtung für einen Gleiskörper |
CN104264535B (zh) * | 2011-01-26 | 2016-08-24 | 北京知易普道技术有限责任公司 | 纵向轨枕 |
JP5786057B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-30 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | 制振装置 |
CN109853303A (zh) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-07 | 北京九州一轨隔振技术有限公司 | 一种钢轨耗能装置 |
CN110144770A (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-20 | 华东交通大学 | 一种基于rfid技术实时自感知钢轨调谐质量阻尼装置 |
US20210276527A1 (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-09 | Pennsy Digital Inc. | System, method and devices for automating inspection of brake system on a railway vehicle or train |
-
2019
- 2019-10-15 DE DE102019127824.4A patent/DE102019127824A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-10-07 EP EP20788752.2A patent/EP4046154B1/de active Active
- 2020-10-07 CN CN202080072217.7A patent/CN114555886A/zh active Pending
- 2020-10-07 WO PCT/EP2020/078066 patent/WO2021073963A1/de active Application Filing
- 2020-10-07 US US17/768,031 patent/US12091822B2/en active Active
- 2020-10-07 JP JP2022522593A patent/JP2022552356A/ja active Pending
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2021073963A1 (de) | 2021-04-22 |
JP2022552356A (ja) | 2022-12-15 |
DE102019127824A1 (de) | 2021-04-15 |
US12091822B2 (en) | 2024-09-17 |
US20240093435A1 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
CN114555886A (zh) | 2022-05-27 |
EP4046154B1 (de) | 2024-09-04 |
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