EP4042138A1 - Adaptateur de porte-échantillon pour l'évaluation de la durabilité mécanique de films minces et procédé d'évaluation de la qualité de durabilité mécanique de films minces par l'intermédiaire de cet adaptateur - Google Patents
Adaptateur de porte-échantillon pour l'évaluation de la durabilité mécanique de films minces et procédé d'évaluation de la qualité de durabilité mécanique de films minces par l'intermédiaire de cet adaptateurInfo
- Publication number
- EP4042138A1 EP4042138A1 EP20944050.2A EP20944050A EP4042138A1 EP 4042138 A1 EP4042138 A1 EP 4042138A1 EP 20944050 A EP20944050 A EP 20944050A EP 4042138 A1 EP4042138 A1 EP 4042138A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adapter
- evaluation
- thin films
- scratch
- front face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2437—Piezoelectric probes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
- G01N3/46—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid the indentors performing a scratching movement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
- G01N2021/8812—Diffuse illumination, e.g. "sky"
- G01N2021/8816—Diffuse illumination, e.g. "sky" by using multiple sources, e.g. LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
- G01N2203/0007—Low frequencies up to 100 Hz
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/0282—Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0447—Holders for quick insertion/removal of test pieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0237—Thin materials, e.g. paper, membranes, thin films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/025—Change of phase or condition
- G01N2291/0258—Structural degradation, e.g. fatigue of composites, ageing of oils
Definitions
- This invention concerns testing of physical-technical characteristic of solid materials by application of mechanical stress to nontransparent functional thin film of tested material deposited on transparent substrate through a wear test with use of chiefly acoustic emission detection (AE) and optical detection of penetration of an abrasive body through a film/substrate interface.
- the body is the tip of nanotester with simple geometric shape whose tip rounding is typically in range of tenth of pm up to mm units, which mechanically acts on the surface of tested film.
- Thin films with thickness in range from tents nm to tents pm improve or change surface characteristic of substrates i.e. functional and design elements of various components of machines, devices, tools, apparatuses or their parts which are in operation or production exposed to one time or repeated mechanical stresses.
- the substrates can be for example metals, alloys, semi-conductors, glasses, ceramics, polymers and possibly organic materials.
- substrate-thin film system Based on nature of deposition process and material of thin film, is substrate-thin film system in particular extent of operational conditions in metastable state, because modern deposition processes allow creation of materials with unique physical characteristic which are beyond reach of classical technologies.
- CZ305833B6 there also exist devices for example CZ305833B6, which are dedicated to AE detection during local mechanical testing of thin films. Generally, they are not suitable for complex and reliable evaluation of wear or gradual mechanical degradation of thin films.
- the adapter of the holder according to the CZ305833B6 formed from a one-side opened hollow body whose shell has cylindrical shape and whose inner space is from the side of a supporting face closed by a lid, which is modified for fixation to the holder of the nanotester and on the opposed side to the lid with a flat contact face which forms a monolithic unit with the shell and is produced from the same material, preferably from steel.
- the aim of presented invention is to design an adapter for holder of samples for evaluation of mechanical durability of thin films which would feature not only sufficient mechanical stiffness and stability, but also AE sensitivity for use in microtesters as well as in nanotesters, and the method of evaluation of quality of mechanical durability of thin films by the help of this holder which, by the help of a light beam which penetrates the transparent substrate, allows revealing/evaluating of fatal cumulative wear in the wear track formed during the repetition scratch or other penetration test.
- invention is an adapter of sample holder that enables to perform a method for evaluation of quality of mechanical durability of thin films, which is formed by a hollow body whose shell is from below closed with a lid which enables fixation of an adapter to a console of the holder of testing device and from above with a contact front face on which is not only from the top fixed tested sample, which consists of substrate and on it deposited tested thin film, but also there is, from the bottom fixed a piezo sensor of acoustic emission which is equipped with a mechanical damper and a preamplifier of electric signal which is through a connector taken out from the body.
- the shell and the contact face are designed as a set of two independent structural parts of different material composition whereas the contact front face is formed from a transparent material featuring a high mechanical stiffness and stability with Young’s modulus of elasticity value higher than 40 GPa and in the place of its anchoring there is an inner peripheral recess in the shell where a LED illumination is installed, which is connected through a coupler with source of electric energy, which is placed outside the body.
- the contact front face formed either as one integral part or consists of firmly attached support plate and contact plate.
- the essence of the invention is a method for evaluation of quality of mechanical durability of thin films deposited on transparent substrate during a low cycle repetitive scratch test with constant subcritical force by the help of an adapter, whose essence is, that after determination of subcritical force which consists in selection of size and geometry of testing tip with a well-defined actual shape and determination of testing force, which is selected in the way for elastic deformation to be predominant and after relief to remain only required low residual deformation, then is, with this way predetermined constant sub-critical force, carried out the repetitive scratch test on testing device over the same wear trajectory in one direction with simultaneous monitoring of acoustic emissions and actual position of the testing tip, whereas is, after a particular scratch test when is applied subcritical force or group of scratch tests, which is done without removal of tested sample from the testing device, carried out topographic scanning of the wear track with the same tip with topographic force, which does not cause any deformation of residual wear track, after whose evaluation together with AE signal is predicted place where is expected fatal cumulative wear of tested film and without removal of the tested sample from the device is
- Fig.1 is schematic cross section of basic design of the adapter of the sample holder
- Fig.2 is schematic cross section of an alternative design of the adapter of the sample holder
- Fig.3 is AE record of individual scratch passes of abrasive body, i.e. a tip of nanotester in a wear track.
- a synchronization signal on right perpendicular axis
- Fig.4 is principal scheme of the low cycle wear test, where T represents topographic pass at nearly zero normal load force and S represents on-load pass performed at constant subcritical normal force whereas the force is applied abruptly in order to maximize the portion of the test under the constant load. Number of cycles states number of load tests.
- Fig.5 is comparison of prototype of the subjected adapter and the CZ 305833 B6, a1) and a2) AE amplitudes measured during three calibration tests, b) Cumulative AE energy for individual tests.
- Calibration nano-indentation test was carried out with Berkovich pyramidal indenter at maximal force of 500 mN, loading and unloading took 20 s, creep’s period was 10 s, temperature 24 °C.
- the adapter according to the illustration in Fig.1 is formed by a cylindrically shaped hollow body 1, whose shell 101 is made preferably of stainless steel, that ensures increased reliability and longtime stability of parameters of detection of acoustic emission. From above is the inner space of the body 1 closed with an inserted contact front face 2 made of transparent material which has mechanical stiffness and stability with value of Young’s modulus of elasticity higher than 40 GPa. On outside wall of the contact front face 2 is fixed, preferably glued, tested sample 3 which consists of a substrate 31 and on it deposited tested thin film 32 of the material. On the bottom wall of the contact front face 2, there is fixed a piezoelectric sensor 4 of acoustic emission (AE) for transformation of AE signal to electric signal.
- AE acoustic emission
- the AE sensor 4 is equipped with an mechanical damper 5 and a preamplifier 6 of electric that is through an output connector 41 taken out from the shell 101 into a non-illustrated control, record and evaluation unit of the device for controlling the scratch test or AE system.
- the shell 101 of the body 1 is in the area of fixation of the contact front face 2 with the tested sample 3 equipped with a peripheral recess 103, in which is placed LED illumination 7, which is connected through a coupler 71 with non-illustrated source of electric energy which is placed outside of the body 1
- the LED Illumination 7 is formed by set of two, four or more LED diodes which are evenly placed around the perimeter of the recess 103.
- the body 1 is from below closed with a lid 8 which is equipped with a screw coupling 8 for possibility of fixation of the adapter to console of the holder of testing device.
- This special acousto-optical adapter of the sample holder ensures that the condition, position and orientation of the sample 3 stay unchanged with respect to the track of the testing tip for whole time of duration of low cycle wear test, it means also after topography scan of surface of the wear track, its illumination and possibly further continuation of the test. Described design is not the only possible design of the adapter but the shell 101 does not have to be, for certain types of tests, cylindrical but can also be square or with another cross section. Also the contact front face 2 does not have to be formed as one structural piece but it can be sectional and be formed by a firmly attached support plate 22 and a contact plate 21, as is it illustrated in Fig.2, and can be made of another material than glass for example transparent plastic of monocrystal with given strength parameters.
- the process of testing of low cycle wear with repetitive scratch test consists in the first phase of selection of geometry and size, i.e. diameter in case of a spherical tip, and determination of subcritical force for testing, which is determined from regular scratch test or from indentation test of tested film or films via nanotester, for example in the way for elastic deformation during the deformation process to be predominant and after unloading to remain only low residual depth. There is also possible to use another method for determination of subcritical force.
- the repetition test itself is then carried out in the way that at first is carried out the topography of the surface of the film in a given direction and required length with topographic normal force that does not promote any deformation of the sample, then follows scratch pass with linear steep increase of normal force to constant pre-determined subcritical level with the same tip whereas the tip moves over the identical trajectory as in the case of initial topographic pass. Then is carried out another topographic pass, again over the same trajectory.
- the low cycle wear test then continues with repeating scratch and topographic passes over the identical trajectory.
- the procedure is schematically illustrated in Fig. 4 according to which the test continues until the occurrence of fatal cumulative damage of the film.
- Topographic pass of the wear track can be repeated after each scratch test (on-load pass) or after a series of repeated scratch tests. Likewise, it is possible to apply normal force suddenly during on-load passes.
- Control illumination of the wear track after each (n-th) topographic/scratch pass is allowed by the special acousto-optical adapter of the sample holder, which uses AE detection for continuous monitoring of emission events in the course of individual scratch passes.
- the adapter ensures stability of conditions and configuration of the sample as well as the wear track on its surface with regard to position and orientation of the movement of the testing tip.
- the advantage of majority of nanotesters is coupled microscope under which it is possible to illuminate the wear track and localize/monitor the extent of fatal cumulative wear.
- the method of testing of low cycle wear of thin films and coatings with use of the adapter according to the invention can be used everywhere where functional films and coatings in real operation are produced and used, for instance reflection films for laser mirrors, photovoltaic films, films for conversion of CO to CO2 etc.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CZ2020405A CZ308746B6 (cs) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Nástavec držáku vzorků pro hodnocení mechanické odolnosti tenkých vrstev a způsob hodnocení kvality mechanické odolnosti tenkých vrstev pomocí tohoto nástavce |
PCT/CZ2020/000039 WO2022007985A1 (fr) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-08-24 | Adaptateur de porte-échantillon pour l'évaluation de la durabilité mécanique de films minces et procédé d'évaluation de la qualité de durabilité mécanique de films minces par l'intermédiaire de cet adaptateur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4042138A1 true EP4042138A1 (fr) | 2022-08-17 |
EP4042138A4 EP4042138A4 (fr) | 2022-11-09 |
Family
ID=75488665
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20944050.2A Withdrawn EP4042138A4 (fr) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-08-24 | Adaptateur de porte-échantillon pour l'évaluation de la durabilité mécanique de films minces et procédé d'évaluation de la qualité de durabilité mécanique de films minces par l'intermédiaire de cet adaptateur |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4042138A4 (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ308746B6 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022007985A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113358509A (zh) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | 一种全自动玻璃表面抗磨损性能测试装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9112343D0 (en) * | 1991-06-08 | 1991-07-31 | Renishaw Transducer Syst | Surface analysis apparatus |
EP0731908A1 (fr) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-09-18 | Renishaw plc | Procedes et appareils d'essais de penetration, de rayure ou tribologiques |
US5587532A (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1996-12-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of measuring crack propagation in opaque materials |
RU2147737C1 (ru) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-04-20 | Комсомольский-на-Амуре государственный технический университет | Устройство для испытания материалов |
US8596124B2 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2013-12-03 | Varel International Ind., L.P. | Acoustic emission toughness testing having smaller noise ratio |
JP5909020B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2016-04-26 | ハイジトロン, インク.Hysitron, Inc. | 顕微鏡対物レンズ機械検査機器 |
US9752969B2 (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-09-05 | Bruker Nano Inc. | Universal mechanical tester for measuring friction and wear characteristics of materials |
CZ2014846A3 (cs) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-03-30 | Fyzikální ústav AV ČR, v.v.i. | Nástavec držáku zkušebních vzorků k zařízení pro provádění vrypové zkoušky |
EP3267177A1 (fr) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-10 | Anton Paar TriTec SA | Procédé d'évaluation automatisée de surface |
US10258239B2 (en) * | 2017-05-30 | 2019-04-16 | Vishal Khosla | Method for in-line testing and surface analysis of test material with participation of raman spectroscopy |
-
2020
- 2020-07-10 CZ CZ2020405A patent/CZ308746B6/cs unknown
- 2020-08-24 EP EP20944050.2A patent/EP4042138A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-08-24 WO PCT/CZ2020/000039 patent/WO2022007985A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4042138A4 (fr) | 2022-11-09 |
CZ2020405A3 (cs) | 2021-04-21 |
WO2022007985A1 (fr) | 2022-01-13 |
CZ308746B6 (cs) | 2021-04-21 |
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