EP4028185A1

EP4028185A1 - Machine tool

Info

Publication number: EP4028185A1
Application number: EP20764344.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Dirk Prust
Original assignee: Index Werke GmbH and Co KG Hahn and Tessky
Current assignee: Index Werke GmbH and Co KG Hahn and Tessky
Priority date: 2019-09-12
Filing date: 2020-08-26
Publication date: 2022-07-20
Also published as: WO2021047913A1; DE102019124524A1

Abstract

In a machine tool - comprising a machine frame, at least one spindle set arranged on the machine frame and having a first workpiece spindle unit and a second workpiece spindle unit, which are arranged on the same side of a working chamber with their spindle axes parallel to one another and at a distance next to one another, and which each comprise workpiece holders facing the working chamber, as well as comprising at least one tool carrier arranged on the machine frame and supporting tools with tool blades, wherein the spindle set and the tool carrier can be moved relative to one another in a controlled manner - in order to increase efficiency, it is proposed that at least one first and at least one second tool blade is arranged on the tool carrier, and that the tool blades have the same relative position in relation to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit within predefined processing tolerances in order to process the workpieces.

Description

MACHINE TOOL

The invention relates to a machine tool, comprising a machine frame, at least one spindle set arranged on the machine frame with a first workpiece spindle unit and a second workpiece spindle unit, the spindle axes of which are aligned parallel to one another and are spaced apart from one another on the same side of a work space, in particular rigidly relative to one another, are arranged and each comprise workpiece holders facing the work space, and further comprising at least one tool carrier that is arranged on the machine frame and carries tools with tool cutting edges, the spindle set and the tool carrier being controlled relative to one another along at least one axis of movement of the machine tool, in particular by means of a machine controller are movable in order to machine workpieces arranged in the workpiece recordings of the spindle set.

Such machine tools are known from the prior art, for example from DE 87 00 343 U.

The task of these machine tools is to machine the workpieces in the spindle set as efficiently as possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a machine tool of the type described at the outset in that at least one tool cutting edge set, comprising at least one first and at least one second tool cutting edge, is arranged in the tool carrier, so that for synchronous machining of the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second Tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry, that the first tool cutting edge of the first work piece spindle unit and the second tool cutting edge of the second work tool spindle unit is assigned and that in a processing position of the tool cutting edge set when performing the synchronous machining of the Workpieces received in the workpiece spindle units in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program each of the tool cutting edges has the same relative position relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit within the framework of a predetermined machining accuracy.

Alternatively or additionally, synchronous machining of the workpieces is also possible in that a first tool cutting edge of at least one tool cutting set is on a first tool carrier that interacts with the first workpiece spindle unit and a second tool cutting edge of the at least one tool cutting set is on one that interacts with the second workpiece spindle unit, in particular independently of the first Tool carrier movable, second tool carrier is arranged that for synchronous machining of the workpieces the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry, that the first tool cutting edge is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit and the second tool cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit and that in a machining position of the tool cutting set when performing the synchronous machining of those received in the workpiece spindle units Workpieces in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program (TS) each of the tool cutting edges has the same relative position relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle units within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it enables the workpieces to be machined in the workpiece spindle units of the spindle set synchronously with one another with the required accuracy, so that - based on a machine tool with one workpiece spindle - the machining times incurred per workpiece can be significantly reduced, in particular essentially halved. The processing accuracy is, for example, according to DIN ISO 286/1 in the IT classes IT5 to IT9, preferably in the IT classes IT5 to IT8.

Synchronous machining of the workpieces held in the workpiece spindle units of the spindle set is understood to mean that, during machining of the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge are in the same position relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit at the same point in time within the framework of the machining accuracy, so that when machining the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge simultaneously, i.e. synchronously with one another, run through the same trajectory relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit and thus the machining of both workpieces begins at the same point in time, during the same period of time the same trajectory is traversed relative to the reference point and ends at the same time.

For synchronous machining, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the two tool cutters of the tool cutter set are arranged at a distance from one another in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their feed direction, which corresponds at least approximately to a distance between the spindle axes.

The distance between the tool cutting edges transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction can be greater than a distance between the spindle axes.

However, it is also conceivable that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction is smaller than a distance between the spindle axes. In addition, a further advantageous solution provides that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction is equal to the distance between the spindle axes.

In addition, it is preferably provided that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutters of the tool cutter set are arranged on the tool carrier in the direction of their feed direction so that they are at least approximately at the same distance from a spindle axis plane in which the two spindle axes are located.

If two tool carriers are used, it is expediently provided that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutters of the tool cutter set are arranged on the respective tool carriers in the direction of their feed direction so that they are at least approximately the same distance from a spindle axis plane in which the two spindle axes are located.

This ensures that the tool cutting edges are preset with sufficient precision to enable synchronous machining to be carried out.

The term "approximately at the same distance" is to be understood in particular as a presetting of the tool cutting edges with a customary tolerance in the range of less than 0.05 mm, even better less than 0.03 mm.

To carry out synchronous machining, it has proven to be advantageous if the machine control is designed so that it moves the tool carrier with the tool cutter set in the machining position in the feed direction of the tool cutters in the direction of the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set according to a selected parts program. If two tool carriers are used, it is advantageously provided that the machine control is designed in such a way that it connects the respective tool carrier with the respective tool cutting edge of the tool cutting set in the machining position in the infeed direction of the tool cutting edges in the direction of the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set according to a selected parts program emotional.

In this case, purely theoretically, the machine control could operate the workpieces in the production mode based on the presetting of the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set.

However, there is often the problem that the tool cutting edges, even with precise presetting, do not yet deliver processed workpieces that correspond to the specified processing tolerances, since corrections to the tool cutting edges are still required.

For this reason, an advantageous solution provides that the machine control is designed in such a way that, in particular before executing the production mode in a measuring mode, it moves the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting tool set according to the selected parts program in the feed direction towards the respective workpieces and one through the selected one Part program executes specified measurement processing.

As part of this measurement processing, it is possible to measure the workpieces after they have been processed and thus to check how precisely the tool cutting edges are set and which position errors still exist. Such a measurement of the workpieces can either be carried out manually or there is the possibility that the machine control system measures the parts processed in the course of the measurement processing as part of an automatic measurement process, for example with tactile and / or with optical measuring devices, in particular optical measuring devices with a Laser for measurement.

In particular, it is provided in the measuring mode that the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge to the corresponding reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and that this selected tool cutting edge is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program.

Such a procedure in the measuring mode creates the possibility of working with an unambiguous assignment of one of the tool cutting edges to a reference point of a respective workpiece spindle unit and of processing the corresponding data in a simple manner.

If two tool carriers are used, it is expediently provided that in the measuring mode the relative position of each tool cutting edge to the corresponding reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and that this respective tool cutting edge is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program.

It is particularly favorable if the machine control moves the selected tool cutting edge in the measuring mode in a measuring infeed plane running parallel to the infeed direction and through the selected spindle axis. If two tool carriers are used, it is advantageously provided that the machine control moves each of the cutting tools in the measuring mode in a measuring feed plane running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis.

In particular, in the case in which a selected tool cutting edge is already moved in the measuring feed plane during synchronous machining in the measurement mode, it has proven to be advantageous if the machine control is designed in such a way that in the correction mode it transverses the position of the tool cutting edges at least in one direction changed to the measuring infeed level.

This means that in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge is only moved in the measuring infeed plane and then in the correction mode, in particular, on the one hand, corrections of the system position errors caused by movements in the measuring infeed plane and, on the other hand, corrections of the positions of the tool cutting edges to compensate for the tool cutting edge position error through movements across the measuring infeed plane and, if necessary, also can still take place in the measuring delivery level.

Another advantageous solution provides that the machine control is designed in such a way that, in a correction mode, in particular before executing the production mode, it aligns the workpiece dimensions recorded on the workpieces after the end of the measurement mode and generated during measurement processing by at least one tool correction Corrected tool carrier relative to the respective spindle axes in such a way that the tool cutting edges generate the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces in the following production modes with the selected part program within the framework of the specified machining tolerances. If two tool carriers are used, it is expediently provided that the machine control is designed in such a way that, in particular before executing the production mode, it is in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded on the workpieces after the end of the measurement mode and generated during the measurement processing by at least one tool correction corrects the alignment of the respective tool carrier relative to the respective spindle axes in such a way that the tool cutting edges generate the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces in the following production modes with the selected part program within the framework of the specified machining tolerances.

The determination of the tool correction can in principle take place independently of the machine control, but it is particularly favorable if the machine control itself determines the tool correction based on the workpiece dimensions.

With such a tool correction there is the advantageous possibility of compensating for system position errors, i.e. position errors caused by the machine tool and one of the tool cutting edges of the tool holder, as well as tool cutting edge position errors, i.e. position errors relating to the positions of the tool cutting edges relative to one another, in order to achieve that with the Tool cutting - within the framework of the specified machining accuracy - workpieces with identical dimensions of the machined surfaces can be produced.

In the simplest case, it is provided here that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges along a linear axis with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction. Furthermore, in addition to the tool correction with a movement transverse to the infeed direction, it is provided that the tool correction includes a movement of the tool cutting edges with a component in the infeed direction.

In the simplest case, this component is also a movement in the feed direction along a linear axis of the machine tool.

As an alternative or in addition to the previously described options for tool correction, a further advantageous solution provides that the tool correction includes a rotation of the tool carrier about an axis of rotation running parallel to the spindle axis plane, in particular parallel to the spindle axes.

Such an axis of rotation could, for example, in the case of a linear tool, be an axis of rotation about which the linear tool carrier can be pivoted.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis of a tool carrier designed as a tool turret, a turret head of the tool turret being rotatable by the tool turret axis.

The rotary movements can be set particularly precisely if the rotary axis is a position-regulated rotary axis by the machine control, so that rotary movements can also be precisely set at very small angles and no definition of specific angle increments is required. As an alternative or in addition to the invention described so far, a further solution to the aforementioned object provides that at least one tool cutting edge set, comprising at least a first tool cutting edge and a second tool cutting edge, is arranged on the tool carrier, that the tool cutting edges have an identical cutting edge geometry and the at least a first tool cutting edge of the first workpiece spindle unit and the at least one second workpiece cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit and that when performing asynchronous machining in each machining position, the tool cutting edges have a different position relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit in the direction of at least one movement axis of the machine tool Have reference point.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is thus to be seen in the fact that the machine tool according to the invention provides the possibility of providing a workpiece in each of two workpiece spindles and of working with a tool cutting set, but not simultaneously, and thus performing asynchronous machining, with either the first tool cutting or the second tool cutting edge is used, so that the piece time can also be reduced as a very quick change from machining the workpiece in one workpiece spindle unit to machining the other workpiece in the other workpiece spindle unit of the spindle set is possible.

Asynchronous machining is understood to mean that when machining the respective workpiece in the workpiece spindle unit assigned to it, both the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge have the same path movement relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit with the executes identical path speed in each case, but the machining of the workpieces in the first workpiece spindle unit and the second workpiece spindle unit follow one another, that is, in consecutive periods of time which have the same duration in each case.

Asynchronous processing of this type can be used, for example, for finishing each of the workpieces, so that the finishing can be carried out, for example, in accordance with DIN ISO 286/1 in accordance with IT classes IT4 to IT8.

A particularly advantageous combination with synchronous machining provides that synchronous machining is used for pre-machining workpieces with greater machining tolerances, for example in accordance with IT classes IT6 to IT10, and that asynchronous machining is used for finishing workpieces with lower machining tolerances.

With regard to the movements that are to be carried out in order to bring the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge into use on the respective workpiece of the first workpiece spindle unit or the second workpiece spindle unit, it is preferably provided that the at least one first tool cutting edge or the at least one second tool cutting edge can be moved alternately into a machining position relative to the respective workpiece by a movement of the tool carrier of the machine tool.

This can be done by one of the provided linear axes of the machine tool, but it is also conceivable to use a swivel axis or, for example, a swivel axis parallel to the spindle axes, for example a conventional turret axis or a turret axis designed as an H-axis. In asynchronous machining, it is particularly important if each of the tool cutting edges in the respective machining position has the same orientation relative to at least one of the movement axes of the machine tool.

A particularly favorable solution provides that in asynchronous machining the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge have different relative positions in the various machining positions in a direction transverse to the spindle axes of the spindle set relative to the respective reference point of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit.

This means that if, for example, the at least one first tool cutting edge is in its processing position, the at least one second tool cutting edge is out of engagement with the workpiece and, on the other hand, when the at least one second tool cutting edge is in its processing position, the at least one first tool cutting edge is out of engagement with the workpiece.

In particular, in this case, the distance between the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge is selected so that it is at least around the workpiece radius smaller or larger than the distance between the spindle axes of the workpiece spindle units.

As an alternative or in addition to the embodiment described above, in a further solution to the aforementioned object, the workpiece spindle units are preferably arranged with their spindle axes in such a way that they define a spindle axis plane running through the two spindle axes that is transverse, in particular perpendicular to the at least one movement axis of the Machine tool runs. This at least one movement axis is in particular an X axis of the machine tool.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one, in particular a further axis of movement of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axis plane.

It is preferably provided here that this movement axis of the machine tool, which runs parallel to the spindle axes, runs parallel to the spindle axes.

Such a movement axis is in particular a Z-axis of the machine tool.

In particular for performing complex machining operations, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if one, in particular a further, movement axis of the machine tool that runs parallel to the spindle axis plane runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the spindle axes.

Such a movement axis is in particular a Y-axis of the machine tool.

In particular, the machine tool comprises a plurality of tool carriers which are arranged on the machine bed body on a side of the spindle axis planes facing away from the foot part, and a tool carrier which is arranged on a side of the spindle axis planes facing the foot part.

Each of these tool carriers is designed, for example, as a tool turret and each comprises a turret housing or, relative to which the corresponding turret head is or can be rotated about a turret axis. One of the tool carriers is for example assigned to the spindle set with the workpiece spindle units for processing the work pieces arranged in them and for this purpose can be moved in particular along the movement axes Z, X, Y and optionally rotatable about the B axis.

Another of the tool carriers is assigned to the same workpiece spindle units, for example, the turret housing also sitting on a slide that can be moved in a controlled manner relative to the machine bed body in the X-direction, Z-direction, Y-direction and possibly around the B-axis by means of the machine control is.

Furthermore, for example, another of the tool carriers is assigned to the workpiece spindle units of a further spindle set and the turret housing is arranged on a slide which is movable relative to this workpiece spindle units at least in the X direction.

This direction of movement is sufficient for machining workpieces in these workpiece spindle units, since these workpiece spindle units can be moved in the Z direction in a controlled manner by the machine control due to the arrangement of the spindle carrier on a guide carriage.

With regard to the tool cutter sets arranged on the tool carrier, no further details have been given so far.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that several sets of first and second tool blades are arranged on the at least one tool carrier, in particular for performing synchronous machining. For example, it is provided that the at least one tool carrier is designed as a tool turret which has a turret head that can be rotated about a turret axis relative to a turret housing in order to be able to use the various sets of tool cutting edges on the workpieces held in the tool spindle units .

The turret axis can be aligned in the most varied of ways relative to the spindle axes.

An advantageous solution provides that the turret axis runs transversely to a spindle set center plane lying between the spindle axes of the respective cutting set and extending perpendicular to the plane of the mirror axis.

Another advantageous solution provides that the turret axis runs parallel to a spindle set center plane lying centrally between the spindle axes of the respective spindle set and extending perpendicular to the spindle axis plane.

Another solution provides that the turret axis runs transversely to the spindle axis plane.

Another advantageous solution provides that the turret axis runs parallel to the spindle axis plane.

As an alternative to providing a tool carrier in the form of a tool turret, another solution provides that the tool carrier is designed as a linear tool carrier that can use different sets of tool cutting edges by moving relative to the spindle axes of the spindle set. For example, such a linear tool carrier can be moved parallel to the X direction or parallel to the Y direction or both parallel to the X direction and parallel to the Y direction in order to be able to bring the respective existing sets of tool cutting edges into a machining position relative to the workpieces.

A solution that is particularly expedient for complete machining provides that the tool carrier is provided with at least one tool spindle.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for complete machining if the tool carrier can be pivoted in a position-controlled manner about a pivot axis, so that rotating tools in particular can be used advantageously.

With regard to the design of the workpiece spindle units, no further details have been given in connection with the exemplary embodiments described so far.

An advantageous solution provides that the workpiece spindle units include motor spindles, that is, that a drive motor of the respective workpiece spindle is coaxial with the same and that surrounds the respective workpiece spindle with the rotor and stator, with the rotor and the stator in particular being arranged between the spindle bearings of the workpiece spindle are.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the workpiece spindle units are constructed identically and, in particular, have an identical design, so that they behave identically within the respective set of tool spindles when the machine tool according to the invention is operated.

With regard to the arrangement of the first workpiece spindle unit and the second workpiece spindle unit relative to one another, no further details have so far been given. The workpiece spindle units of a spindle set are preferably arranged at a distance of the spindle axes from one another which is in the range from 1.5 to 3 times a maximum workpiece diameter of the workpiece spindle units.

Such a distance between the spindle axes has the great advantage that the distance between the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set can be kept as small as possible.

In order to achieve as constant an alignment of the two workpiece spindle axes as possible with such an arrangement of the workpiece spindle units relative to one another, provision is preferably made for the workpiece spindle units of the spindle set to be arranged in a common spindle receiving body.

In particular, such a spindle receiving body is arranged non-rotatably relative to the machine bed body.

By means of this common spindle receiving body, a stable and long-term stable alignment and arrangement of the spindle axes relative to one another can be ensured in a simple manner.

It is particularly advantageous if the spindle receiving body is tempered by a temperature control medium in order to prevent the distance between the spindle axes from varying due to thermal expansion of the spindle receiving body.

In particular, thermal effects can be avoided in that the spindle receiving body has a cooling channel system through which the temperature control medium flows. In particular, it is provided that the temperature control medium keeps the spindle receiving body in a defined temperature range which, for example, fluctuates by a maximum of ± 5 ° around the intended temperature of the spindle receiving body.

Furthermore, no further details were given with regard to the alignment of the spindle sets in connection with the exemplary embodiments described so far.

An advantageous solution provides that the spindle axes of the spindle set are aligned essentially horizontally.

It when each of the tool cutting edges in the machining position has the same orientation relative to all movement axes of the machine tool is particularly advantageous.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that each of the tool cutting edges passes through the same relative positions in the machining position relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit.

With regard to the arrangement of the tool cutting edges of a set of tool cutting edges, no details were given in connection with the previous execution examples.

For example, it would be conceivable to arrange the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge of the set of tool cutting edges in each case on the corresponding tool carrier. A particularly advantageous solution, which in particular allows a defined alignment of the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge before they are used in the machine tool, provides that the tool cutting edges of a set of tool cutting edges are each arranged on a common tool holder.

The at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge can thus be positioned in a simple and advantageous manner in a defined manner by the tool holder and, in particular, can be positioned in their relative arrangement to one another before use in the machine tool.

It is preferably provided that the tool holder is detachably mounted on the respective tool carrier.

In this way, the tool holders can be exchanged in a simple manner depending on the desired machining operations.

In order to achieve a defined alignment of the respective tool holder in relation to the respective tool holder, it is preferably provided that the tool holder is mounted in a defined manner relative to the respective tool holder by means of form-fitting elements.

These form-fit elements have the great advantage that they achieve an exactly reproducible positioning of the tool holder relative to the tool carrier.

It is preferably provided that the form-fit elements are effective between a support surface of the tool holder and a support surface of the tool holder. It is particularly advantageous if the form-fit elements provide a defined alignment of the tool holder relative to the tool carrier in three spatial directions running transversely to one another.

In particular, it is provided that the tool holder is provided with at least one holding pin, which engages in a holding pin receptacle of the tool carrier, wherein the holding pin engages with the holding receptacle in particular the form-locking elements defining the position of the tool holder relative to the tool carrier.

With regard to the positioning of the tool cutting edges relative to the tool holder, no further details have so far been given.

It is particularly favorable if at least one of the tool cutting edges can be adjusted relative to the tool holder by means of at least one adjusting device.

To this end, it is advantageously provided that the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge in the machining position can be predefined or set in a defined manner in the feed direction using an adjusting device.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the relative position of the tool cutting edges in the machining position can be predefined or set in a defined manner in the direction parallel to the spindle axes with an adjusting device.

A particularly favorable solution provides that both the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge can be adjusted relative to the tool holder by means of at least one setting device. This solution has the advantage that in this case the tool holder can be used sensibly in almost all positions in the machine tool and, in particular, can be ergonomically adjusted for the machine operator, since the machine operator can use the adjustment devices that are ergonomically accessible for the machine operator to adjust the tool cutting edges are, that is, for example, facing the machine operator, are arranged.

With regard to the further development of the machine tool according to the invention, no further details have been given in connection with the exemplary embodiments described so far.

As an alternative or in addition to the solutions described above, an advantageous solution to the aforementioned object provides that the machine frame has a machine bed body which rises above a standing surface and which has a front side extending with at least one component in the vertical direction, in front of which the Work space is arranged.

The machine bed body rises, starting from the foot part, in a direction which, in particular, runs transversely, approximately perpendicularly to the standing surface, whereby approximately perpendicular also means an inclination of ± 30 °.

In particular, a spindle carrier is arranged in a stationary manner on the machine bed body, which on its side opposite the foot part carries a spindle receiving body which is arranged non-rotatably relative to the machine frame and in which a spindle set comprising a first workpiece spindle unit and a second workpiece spindle unit is arranged side by side.

In particular, the spindle carrier and the spindle receiving body are arranged on a front side of a machine bed body. The first workpiece spindle unit has the first spindle axis and the second workpiece spindle unit has the second spindle axis, the spindle axes running parallel to one another and lying in the common spindle axis plane, which is preferably transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the direction of extension of the machine bed body.

In this case it is preferably provided that the spindle set is arranged in front of the front side of the machine bed body.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the spindle axis plane of the respective spindle set runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the front side.

In particular, the spindle axes run approximately horizontally in the spindle axis plane, that is, they are inclined at most by an angle of ± 30 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.

As already stated, the workpiece spindle units are preferably arranged in a common spindle receiving body.

An advantageous solution provides that a spindle receiving body of the spindle set is held stationary on the machine bed body.

Another advantageous solution provides that a spindle receiving body of the spindle set is arranged on a slide that can be moved parallel to the spindle axes and can be moved with this relative to the machine bed body.

A wide variety of solutions are conceivable with regard to the construction options for the machine tool according to the invention.

One advantageous solution provides that the machine tool has a set of spindles. A particularly favorable solution, which can be used in particular for the front and rear machining of workpieces, provides that one spindle set represents a main spindle set and that another spindle set represents a counter spindle set and that the main spindle set and the counter spindle set are on opposite sides of the work area are each arranged with the workpiece holders facing the work space, in particular also facing one another.

There is thus the possibility of being able to use the concept according to the invention, in particular for machining workpieces that is particularly efficient in terms of piece time, for machining the rear of the workpieces.

In particular, it is provided that at least two tool carriers are provided on the machine frame, one of the tool carriers having at least one tool cutting edge for machining workpieces of the main spindle set and another tool carrier having at least one tool cutting edge for machining workpieces in the counter spindle set.

It is particularly advantageous if each tool carrier has at least one set of tool cutting edges for machining workpieces of the main spindle set and the counter spindle set.

The efficiency of the machining can furthermore be increased if at least one of the tool carriers has several sets of tool cutting edges for the main spindle set.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one of the tool carriers has several sets of tool cutting edges for the counter spindle set. Furthermore, it is favorable for the kinematics when machining workpieces in the main spindle set and in the counter spindle set if at least the main spindle set or the counter spindle set can be moved relative to one another in the direction parallel to its spindle axes.

A particularly favorable solution, especially for front and rear machining, provides that the tool spindles of the main spindle set and the counter spindle set are arranged coaxially to one another and that the main spindle set or the counter spindle set can be moved to the respective other spindle set to the extent that a transfer of Workpieces of work piece recordings of one spindle set can be executed directly in the workpiece recordings of the other spindle set.

Furthermore, an advantageous solution provides that the main spindle set and the counter spindle set are arranged in front of the front of the machine bed body, so that access to the work area for a machine operator can be made ergonomically favorable from a side of the work area facing away from the machine bed body.

As an alternative or in addition to the solutions according to the invention described so far, a further solution to the aforementioned object provides that tool carriers are arranged on the machine frame, which are designed so that at least two can be used on the one spindle set and that a first of the tool carriers in the the workpiece accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit is used for machining this workpiece, and that a second of the tool carriers is used for the workpiece accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit for machining this workpiece.

The advantage of this solution can be seen in the fact that it offers greater flexibility for processing the workpieces. An advantageous spatial arrangement of the tool carriers provides that the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier are arranged on opposite sides of a spindle axis plane in which the spindle axes of the respective spindle set lie so that they can work relative to one another without collision.

It is particularly favorable for flexibility when machining the workpiece received in the first workpiece spindle unit and the workpiece received in the second spindle unit if the first and second tool carriers can be moved independently of one another in the direction of the infeed axis.

It is even more advantageous if the first and the second tool carrier can be moved independently of one another in the direction of an axis parallel to the spindle axes of the spindle set.

It is particularly advantageous if the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier can be moved independently of one another with regard to all axes of movement, since then there is optimal flexibility and tool corrections can also be optimally implemented.

When using a first tool holder and a second tool holder, it is also advantageous if the first tool holder is used on the first workpiece during a first machining period and the second tool holder is used on the second workpiece during a second machining period.

To increase efficiency, it is expediently provided that the first processing period and the second processing period overlap with one another in time. In this case, it is not necessary for the first and second machining periods to have identical durations, so that it is also possible to carry out individual machining of the workpiece accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit and the workpiece accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit.

However, it is preferably provided that the shorter of the processing periods completely overlaps the longer of the processing periods.

In addition, another solution provides that the first and the second processing period have an identical duration.

This is particularly the case with synchronous processing or asynchronous processing.

In this case, it is also expediently provided that the first and the second processing period completely overlap with one another in terms of time.

In particular, in the solution according to the invention it is also provided that the machine control with the first tool holder executes machining on the workpiece accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit in accordance with a first part program and that the machine control with the second tool holder executes machining on the workpiece accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit in accordance with executes a second part of the program.

This solution makes it possible to machine the workpieces in the first workpiece spindle unit and the second workpiece spindle unit at the same time with the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier. In the case of synchronous machining, it is provided that the first and second part programs are identical.

However, it is also possible, in the context of asynchronous machining, to ensure that the first and second part programs are identical.

Another solution, however, advantageously provides that the first and second part programs differ, so that this opens up the possibility of processing different parts, in particular similar different parts or slightly different parts, in an expedient and advantageous manner.

In any case, it is provided that the first and the second part programs run at least in a temporally overlapping manner, with both part programs preferably being started at the same point in time.

It is also provided that the first and the second part program run during a main machining period if the spindle set is the main spindle set.

The first and the second part programs are preferably designed in such a way that the part programs running shorter completely overlaps in time with the part programs running longer.

In principle, it is conceivable that the first part program runs during a first processing period.

It is also provided that the second part program runs during a second processing period.

In this case, one solution, in particular in the case of synchronous processing or in the case of asynchronous processing, provides that the processing periods have an identical duration. In the case of individual processing, however, it is also provided that the processing periods differ in terms of their duration.

This is the case in particular in the case of individual machining, in which in particular similar or even slightly different parts are machined in the first and the second workpiece spindle unit.

In order to maintain the desired efficiency in the machine tool according to the invention, it is preferably provided that the machining times differ by a maximum of one third of the longest of the machining times.

The machine is even more efficient if the processing times differ by a maximum of a quarter of the longest of the processing times, and it is also advantageous for efficiency if the processing times differ by a maximum of a fifth, or even better, a maximum of a tenth of the longest of the processing times.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first and the second processing period lie within a main processing period and that the machine control expediently sets the processing periods in such a way that the processing period with the shorter period completely overlaps the processing period with the longer period.

In addition, the solution according to the invention provides that at least one first tool cutting edge of the first tool carrier is used for machining the first workpiece and at least one second tool cutting edge of the second tool carrier is used for machining the second workpiece.

In this case, for example, the first and the second tool carrier can be equipped with tools with identical tool cutting edges. Such a solution is conceivable, for example, in the case of synchronous machining, but it is also conceivable to use identical tool cutting edges in the context of individual machining.

For individual processing, it is also preferably provided that the first and second tool carriers are equipped with tool cutting edges that differ in at least one of the tool cutting edges, so that individual processing in particular of similar or slightly different workpieces is possible in a simple manner.

In all of the above-described machining of a workpiece with cutting tools arranged on the first and second tool carriers, provision is preferably made for each tool cutting edge of the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier to be assigned its own tool correction data.

In this way, there is the optimal possibility of using the tool cutting edges optimally and thus achieving optimal machining qualities both for the workpiece arranged in the first workpiece spindle unit and for the workpiece arranged in the second workpiece spindle unit.

The machine tool according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously when the spindle set to which the first and second tool carriers are assigned is a main spindle set to which a counter spindle set is also assigned.

In particular, it is provided in this case that a third tool carrier is arranged on the machine frame, which is provided for use on the work piece spindle units of the counter spindle set. In the third tool carrier, at least one tool cutting edge is provided for machining the workpieces arranged in the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set.

For the efficiency of the machine tool, it is particularly advantageous if both workpieces that have arisen in the counter-spindle set are machined during a counter-machining period, the duration of which corresponds at most to the duration of the main machining period.

For example, there is thus the possibility that tool cutting edges for synchronous machining of the workpieces accommodated in the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set are provided on the third tool carrier.

Another advantageous solution provides that at least one tool cutting edge is provided on the third tool carrier for individual machining of the workpieces accommodated in the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set.

With at least one tool cutting edge of this type, it is also possible, for example, to carry out asynchronous machining of the workpieces accommodated in the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set, but there is also the possibility of providing individual machining for the workpieces accommodated in the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set.

In particular, it is provided in such a machine tool that each of the tool carriers can be moved at least in the direction of an infeed axis independently of the other tool carriers.

It is even more advantageous if the first and the second tool carrier can be moved in the direction of an axis (Y-axis) of the machine tool running transversely to the infeed direction. In the case of the third tool carrier, it is preferably provided that the third tool carrier can be moved in the direction of an axis (Y-axis) of the machine tool running transversely to the respective infeed axis.

In the case of a main spindle set and a counter spindle set, each of the spindle sets could in principle be movable in the direction parallel to the spindle axes.

However, it is particularly favorable if the counter spindle set can be moved in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) of the machine tool that is parallel to the spindle axis.

In addition, the invention relates to a method for operating a machine tool, comprising a machine frame, a first spindle set arranged on the machine frame with two workpiece spindle units that are aligned with their spindle axes parallel to one another and are spaced apart and on the same side of a work space, in particular rigidly relative to one another which each have workpiece holders facing the work space, and furthermore comprising a tool carrier arranged on the machine frame and having tool cutting edges, the spindle set and the tool carrier being moved relative to one another along at least one axis of movement of the machine tool by means of a machine control, in order to be arranged in the workpiece holding units of the spindle set To process workpieces.

In a method of this type, the aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention in that, for machining the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set, at least one tool cutter set, comprising at least one first tool cutter and at least one second tool cutter, are arranged on the tool carrier a first tool cuts the first workpiece spindle unit for machining the in this held workpiece is assigned and the at least one second tool cutting edge of the second workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held in this is assigned that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry that in a machining position of the tool cutter set at the Synchronous machining in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program each of the tool cutting edges has the same relative position relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

As an alternative or in addition to this, a further advantageous solution to the aforementioned object provides a method in which a first tool cutting edge is arranged on a first tool carrier that interacts with the first workpiece spindle unit and a second tool cutting edge is arranged on a second tool carrier that interacts with the second workpiece spindle unit, in which, for synchronous machining of the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge is assigned to the first work piece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held therein and the at least one second tool cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held therein the at least one second tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry that in a processing position of the tool cutting edge set during synchronous processing in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program each of the tool cutting edges has the same relative position relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the workpieces can be machined with high precision in a simple manner. With this method, an optimal precision can be achieved with the simultaneous machining of the two work pieces received in the spindle set and thus the piece time for the machining of the work pieces can be reduced significantly.

A particularly advantageous solution of the method according to the invention provides that, during synchronous machining, the two tool cutters of the tool cutter set are arranged in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their feed direction, at a distance from one another which corresponds at least approximately to a distance between the spindle axes.

This allows a wide variety of constellations.

One constellation provides that the distance between the tool cutting edges, in particular perpendicular to the infeed direction, is selected to be greater than a distance between the spindle axes.

Another advantageous solution provides that the distance between the tool cutting transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction is selected to be smaller than a distance between the spindle axes.

In a further preferred variant, it is provided that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction is chosen to be equal to the distance between the spindle axes.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting set are arranged in the direction of their feed direction on the tool carrier in such a way that they are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set are arranged on the respective tool carrier in the direction of their infeed direction so that they are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axes.

It is also provided here that the tool carrier with the tool cutting edge set being processed is moved in the feed direction of the tool cutting edges in the direction of the workpieces received in the spindle set during the processing thereof.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the respective tool carrier with the respective tool cutting edge set in the machining position is moved in the feed direction of the tool cutting edges in the direction of the workpieces received in the spindle set during the machining thereof.

In this case, the workpieces received in the spindle set could theoretically be machined in the production mode even with sufficiently precise presetting of the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting set.

However, it can be assumed that, at least in the case of precise machining of the workpieces with preset tool cutting edges, corrections are still required. For this reason, it is preferably provided that, in particular before executing the production mode in a measuring mode, the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set are moved towards the respective workpieces in the feed direction in accordance with the selected parts program and a measurement processing specified by the selected parts program is carried out.

With such a measurement processing, there is the possibility of detecting both a system position error due to inaccuracies in the machine tool including the tool carrier and the tool holder and tool cutting edge position errors, i.e. inaccuracies in terms of the positions of the tool cutting edges relative to one another, before the transition to production mode.

In order to be able to recognize the system position errors as well as the tool cutting edge position errors relatively easily in the measuring mode, it is preferably provided that in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge to the corresponding reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit is used as a reference value for the synchronous machining and this selected tool cutting edge is used for the Synchronous processing is controlled according to the selected part program.

Particularly when using two tool carriers, provision is preferably made for the relative position of each tool cutting edge to the corresponding reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit to be used as a reference value for synchronous machining in the measuring mode and for this respective tool cutting edge to be controlled according to the selected part program during synchronous machining.

It is particularly favorable if, in the measuring mode, the selected tool cutting edge is moved in a measuring feed plane running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis. In this case, the system position error of the selected tool cutting edge can be assigned to the relation between the selected tool cutting edge and the tool dimensions generated during the measuring process, while the tool cutting edge position error is only manifested in the relative position of the unselected tool cutting edge to the selected tool cutting edge.

Furthermore, a correction mode is preferably provided after the measuring mode, with which the tool dimensions recorded after the end of the measuring mode and generated during the measuring machining are changed by at least one tool correction, the alignment of the tool carrier relative to the respective spindle axes in such a way that the tool cutting edges are also changed within the specified machining tolerances Generate the same workpiece dimensions with the selected part program in the following production modes.

In addition, especially in the case of two tool carriers, it is provided that in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded after the end of the measuring mode and generated during the measuring process, the alignment of the respective tool carrier relative to the respective spindle axes is changed by at least one tool correction in such a way that the tool cutting edges are in the frame the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program in the following production modes to generate the intended workpiece dimensions.

The correction mode thus provides the option of positioning the tool cutting edges relative to the workpieces in such a way that the same workpiece dimensions can be generated within the machining tolerances. An advantageous development of such a tool correction provides that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set with a component transversely, in particular perpendicular to the feed direction.

It is particularly favorable if the tool correction includes a movement along a linear axis with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction.

Another advantageous solution provides that the tool correction includes a movement of the tool cutting edges with a component in the feed direction.

In particular, the tool correction includes a movement of the tool cutting edge along a linear axis with a component in the infeed direction.

As an alternative or in addition to the above-described movements in the tool correction, a further advantageous solution provides that the tool correction includes a rotation of the tool carrier about an axis of rotation running parallel to the spindle axis plane, in particular parallel to the spindle axes.

In principle, it would be conceivable to provide a linear tool carrier as the tool carrier, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation specially provided for rotating the same.

Another advantageous solution provides that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis of a tool carrier designed as a tool turret. It is particularly favorable for the precision of the rotation if the axis of rotation is a position-regulated axis of rotation with which a precisely stepless rotation of the tool carrier can be realized.

In particular, if the selected tool cutting edge is already moving in the measuring infeed plane in the measuring mode, provision is preferably made for the positions of the tool cutting edges to be changed at least transversely to the measuring infeed plane in the correction mode.

As an alternative or in addition to this, provision is made for the positions of the tool cutting edges to be changed in the feed direction in the correction mode.

A further advantageous solution provides that the tool cutting edge of the cutting edge carrier arranged facing away from an access side of the work space in the processing position forms the reference tool cutting edge.

In this way, the cutter carrier arranged facing away from the access side of the work area is controlled exclusively by the machine control system - without the need for further settings.

It is also particularly favorable if the cutter carrier facing an access side of the work space is adjusted with the at least one adjustment device.

In this solution, an ergonomically advantageous possibility is thus created to optimally arrange the tool cutting edge to be set for a machine operator.

The synchronous machining method according to the invention is suitable in all cases for complete machining of the workpieces. It is also conceivable, however, to use the method according to the invention of synchronous machining of the workpiece holding units arranged in the workpiece holders of the spindle set to perform pre-machining of the work pieces.

As an alternative or in addition to the synchronous machining set out above, an advantageous method provides that, for machining the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set, at least two tool cutting edges are arranged on the tool carrier, so that at least one first tool cutting edge is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held therein that at least one second tool cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held in it, that the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry, that in asynchronous machining the tool cutting edges are used successively on the respective workpieces that the at least one tool cutting edge relative to the reference point of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit is taken into account by means of the machine control Movement is controlled by tool offset values and a sequence of relative positions to the reference point thus runs that is identical in terms of time and location for both workpieces.

Asynchronous machining of this type still offers the possibility of reducing the piece times, since a change from machining one workpiece to machining the other workpiece only takes a relatively short time and both workpieces can be machined with great accuracy due to the tool correction values.

It is particularly advantageous if, for individual machining, the cutter carriers are arranged relative to one another in such a way that one tool cutter is used. In particular, the cutter carriers are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the tool cutter that is not used for machining moves without collision to the workpieces held in the first and second workpiece spindle unit, in particular between them.

Asynchronous machining of this type can be used, for example, for finishing each of the workpieces.

A particularly advantageous combination with synchronous machining provides that synchronous machining is used for pre-machining the workpieces with greater machining tolerance and that asynchronous machining is used for finishing the workpieces with lower machining tolerance.

Asynchronous machining can be carried out with particularly high precision if, during asynchronous machining, the relative movement of the tool carrier to the spindle set takes place taking into account separate tool correction data for the at least one tool cutting edge of the respective cutter carrier.

Another method for solving the problem according to the invention provides, as an alternative or in addition to the previous method, that tool carriers are arranged on the machine frame, which are designed so that both can be used on one spindle set and that a first of the tool carriers in the first Workpiece spindle unit accommodated workpiece is used for machining this workpiece and that a second of the tool carriers is used in the workpiece accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit for machining this workpiece.

This solution has the advantage that it enables greater flexibility in processing. The first and second tool carriers can be optimally moved when the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier are moved on opposite sides of a spindle axis plane in which the spindle axes of the respective spindle set lie.

In particular, it is provided that the first and the second tool carrier are moved independently of one another in the direction of an infeed axis and, if necessary, transversely to the infeed axis.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first and the second tool carrier are moved independently of one another in the direction of a Z-axis parallel to the spindle axes of the spindle set.

In particular, it is provided that the first tool holder is used on the first workpiece during a first machining period and the second tool holder is used on the second workpiece during a second machining period.

In order to be able to process the workpieces efficiently, it is provided that the first processing period and the second processing period overlap with one another in time.

In particular, the machine control works in such a way that the shorter of the processing periods completely overlaps the longer of the processing periods.

Machining periods running in this way allow a variation in the machining of the workpiece in one workpiece spindle unit relative to the machining of the workpiece in the other spindle unit. However, there is also the option of choosing the processing periods so that the first and second processing periods have an identical duration.

This is particularly the case when the first and the second processing period completely overlap with one another.

A further advantageous solution provides that the machine control with the first tool carrier carries out machining according to a first part program on the workpiece accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit and that the machine control with the second tool carrier carries out a machining operation on the workpiece accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit Machining is carried out according to a second part program.

This solution allows you to work with great flexibility.

In particular, it is provided that the first and the second part program are identical.

This is particularly the case with synchronous or asynchronous processing.

Another advantageous solution provides that the first and the second part program differ.

This solution makes it possible to manufacture similar or essentially identical parts with this machine's own high efficiency.

In this case, it is preferably provided that the first and the second part program run at least in a temporally overlapping manner. In particular, this is achieved by the machine control starting the two part programs at the same time.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first and the second part program run during a main processing period, in particular in this case it is provided that the first and the second part program are controlled by the machine control so that they overlap at most in time and, in the case, more identical Part programs run simultaneously in order to keep the main machining period as short as possible.

Another advantageous solution provides that the first part program runs during a first processing period.

In addition, a further advantageous solution provides that the second part program runs during a second processing period.

In the simplest case, in particular in the case of synchronous processing or asynchronous processing, it is provided that the processing periods have an identical duration.

Particularly in the case of individual processing, it is provided that the processing periods differ in terms of their duration.

In order to achieve the highest possible efficiency in processing, it is advantageously provided that the processing periods differ by a maximum of one third of the longest of the processing periods; it is better if the processing periods differ by a maximum of a quarter of the longest of the processing periods and is even better it if the processing periods differ by a maximum of one third of the longest of the processing periods and it is particularly optimal if the processing periods differ by a maximum of one tenth of the longest of the processing periods. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first and the second processing period lie within the main processing period.

With regard to the machining of the workpieces, it is preferably provided that at least one first tool cutting edge of the first tool holder is used to machine the first workpiece in the first workpiece spindle unit and at least one second tool cutting edge of the second tool carrier is used to machine the second workpiece in the second workpiece spindle unit.

It is conceivable here that the first and the second tool carrier are each equipped with tools with identical tool cutting edges.

This is provided in particular in the case of synchronous machining.

However, there is also the option of working with identical tool cutting edges as part of an individual machining process.

As an alternative to this, especially in the case of individual machining, it is provided that the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier are equipped with tool cutting edges which differ in at least one of the tool cutting edges.

Furthermore, provision is preferably made in all cases for each tool cutting edge of the first tool carrier and the second tool carrier to be assigned its own tool correction data in order to thus achieve optimal quality during machining.

Thus, each of the tool cutting edges can be optimally corrected with regard to the position of the workpiece relative to the tool cutting edge. In an embodiment of the method according to the invention that is particularly advantageous in terms of machining efficiency, it is provided that the spindle set to which the first and second tool carriers are assigned is a main spindle set to which a counter spindle set is assigned.

With such a main spindle and a counter spindle, optimal efficiencies can then be achieved when machining workpieces.

In particular, it is provided in this case that a third tool carrier is arranged on the machine frame, which is used on the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set.

With such a third tool carrier it is possible to use at least one tool cutting edge for machining the workpieces arranged in the work piece spindle units of the counter spindle set.

For efficiency when machining the workpieces in the counter-spindle set with the third tool carrier, it is particularly advantageous if both workpieces received in the counter-spindle set are machined during a counter-machining period, the duration of which corresponds at most to the duration of the main machining period.

One possibility of machining provides that tool cutting edges are used on the third tool carrier for synchronous machining or asynchronous machining of the workpieces accommodated in the workpiece spindle units of the counter-spindle set.

Another possibility provides that tool cutting edges are used on the third tool carrier for individual machining of the workpieces received in the workpiece spindle units of the counter spindle set. The above description of solutions according to the invention thus includes in particular the various combinations of features defined by the following numbered execution forms:

1. A machine tool comprising a machine frame (10), at least one spindle set (30) arranged on the machine frame (10) with a first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second workpiece spindle unit (34) which, with their spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) aligned parallel to one another and at a distance from one another and on the same side of a work space (60), in particular rigidly relative to one another, and each comprising workpiece holders (52, 54) facing the work space (60), and further comprising at least one on the machine frame (10) arranged, tools with tool cutters (WS1, WS2) carrying tool carriers (182, 186), the spindle set (30) and the tool carrier (182, 186) relative to one another along at least one movement axis (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool , in particular by means of a machine control (118), can be moved in a controlled manner in order to accommodate workpieces arranged in the workpiece receptacles (52, 54) of the spindle set (30) cke (Wl,

W2), with at least one tool cutter set (WSS), comprising at least one first (WS1) and at least one second tool cutter (WS2), being arranged on the tool carrier (182, 186), so that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that the first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the second tool cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) and that in a machining position of the tool cutter set (WS1, WS2) when performing synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) received in the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

2. Machine tool according to the preamble of embodiment 1 or according to embodiment 1, wherein a first tool cutting edge (WS1) of at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS) on a first tool carrier (182) cooperating with the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the at least one tool cutter set (WSS) is arranged on a second tool carrier (186) that interacts with the second workpiece spindle unit (34) and is movable in particular independently of the first tool carrier (182) a first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that the first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the second tool cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) and that in a machining position of the tool cutter set (WS1, WS2) when performing the synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) accommodated in the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program, each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle units (32, 34) has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances. 3. Machine tool according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein during synchronous machining the two tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) are arranged in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular, to their feed direction (X) at a distance from one another which is at least approximately corresponds to a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

4. Machine tool according to embodiment 3, wherein the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is greater than a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

5. Machine tool according to embodiment 3, wherein the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is smaller than a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

6. Machine tool according to embodiment 3, the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) being equal to the distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

7. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein for synchronous machining the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in the direction of their feed direction (X) so that they are at least approximately in the same Stand at a distance from a spindle axis plane (42) in which the two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) lie. 8. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged on the respective tool carriers (182, 184, 186) in the direction of their feed direction (X) in such a way that they are at least approximately are at the same distance from a spindle axis plane (42) in which the two spindle axes (36, 38, 86,

88) lie.

9. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the machine control (118) being designed so that it cuts the tool carrier (182, 184, 188) with the tool cutting set (WSS) in the machining position in the infeed direction (X) of the tool (WS1, WS2) in the direction of the workpieces (Wl, W2) received in the spindle set (30, 80) according to a selected parts program.

10. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the machine control (118) is designed so that it cuts the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 188) with the respective tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS ) is moved in the feed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the direction of the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the spindle set (30, 80) according to a selected part program.

11. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the machine control (118) is designed so that, in particular before executing the production mode, it cuts the tool (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) in a measuring mode according to the selected parts program in the Infeed direction (X) is moved towards the respective workpieces (Wl, W2) and a measurement processing specified by the selected parts program is carried out. 12. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) being used as a reference value for synchronous machining in the measuring mode and selected Tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining according to the selected part program.

13. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein in the measuring mode the relative position of each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is used as a reference value for the synchronous machining and this respective Tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining according to the selected part program.

14. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the machine control (118) in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in a measuring infeed plane running parallel to the infeed direction and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) (MZE) moves.

15. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the machine control (118) cutting each of the tools (WS1, WS2) in the measuring mode in a measuring feed plane running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) (MZE) moves.

16. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the machine control (118) being designed so that, in particular before executing the production mode, it is in a correction mode with the workpieces (W1, W2) recorded after the end of the measurement mode and during measurement processing generated workpiece dimensions by at least a tool correction corrects the alignment of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) within the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program in the following The following production modes produce the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces (Wl, W2).

17. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the machine control (118) is designed so that, in particular before executing the production mode, it is in a correction mode with the workpieces (W1, W2) recorded after the end of the measurement mode and during measurement processing generated workpiece dimensions by at least one tool correction corrects the alignment of the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) within the specified machining tolerances with the the selected part program in the following production modes generate the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces (Wl, W2).

18. Machine tool according to embodiment 16 or 17, wherein the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular to the infeed direction (X), spindle axis plane (42).

19. Machine tool according to one of embodiments 16 to 18, the tool correction comprising a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) along a linear axis (Y) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X).

20. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the tool correction comprising a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component in the feed direction (X). 21. Machine tool according to embodiment 20, wherein the tool correction comprises a movement along a linear axis (X) with a component in the feed direction (X).

22. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the tool correction comprising a rotation of the tool carrier (182, 189, 186) about an axis of rotation running parallel to the spindle axis plane (42), in particular parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) .

23. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the axis of rotation being formed by a tool turret axis (212) of a tool carrier (182, 184, 186) designed as a work tool.

24. Machine tool according to embodiment 22 or 23, wherein the axis of rotation is an axis of rotation (212) which is position-regulated by the machine controller (118).

25. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the machine control (118) being designed such that it changes the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the correction mode at least in one direction transverse to the measuring infeed plane (MZE).

26. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the machine control (118) being designed in such a way that it changes the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the direction parallel to the measuring infeed plane (MZE) in the correction mode.

27. Machine tool according to the preamble of embodiment 1 or according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS), comprising at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2 ), is arranged that the tool cutting (WS1, WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry and the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the at least one second workpiece cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34), and that when performing asynchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are relative in every machining position have different relative positions to the respective reference point (RI, R2) for the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) in the direction of at least one movement axis (Y) of the machine tool.

28. Machine tool according to embodiment 27, wherein the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) or the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) alternately into a processing position relative to the workpiece to be processed (WS1) by an adjustment movement of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) , WS2) are movable.

29. Machine tool according to embodiment 27 or 28, wherein each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) passes through the same relative positions in its respective machining position relative to the reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34).

30. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 27 to 29, wherein each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) has the same orientation in its respective machining position relative to at least one of the movement axes (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool.

31. Machine tool according to one of embodiments 27 to 30, wherein in asynchronous machining the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in a direction transverse to the spindle axes (36, 38) of the spindle set (30) ( Y) have different relative positions relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit (32, 34). 32. Machine tool according to the preamble of embodiment 1 or according to one of the preceding embodiments, the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) with their spindle axes (36, 38) defining a spindle axis plane (42) extending through the two spindle axes (36, 38) which runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the at least one movement axis (X) of the machine tool.

33. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one, in particular a further, movement axis (Y, Z) of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axis plane (42).

34. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein one, in particular a further, axis of movement (Z) of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38).

35. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a plurality of tool cutting edge sets (WSS), in particular for performing synchronous machining and / or asynchronous machining, are arranged on the at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186).

36. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186) is designed as a tool turret which has a turret head (202, 204, 206) which, relative to a turret housing (192, 194, 196 ) is rotatable about a turret axis (212, 214, 216).

37. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the turret axis (212, 214, 216) is transverse to a spindle set center plane (222) lying centrally between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) and extending perpendicular to the spindle axis plane (42) ) runs. 38. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the turret axis (212, 214, 216) is parallel to a central plane of the spindle set centrally between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) and perpendicular to the spindle axis plane (42) (222) runs.

39. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the turret axis (212, 214, 216) runs transversely to the spindle axis plane (42).

40. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the turret axis (212, 214, 216) running parallel to the spindle axis plane (42).

41. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the tool carrier is designed as a linear tool carrier (186 "').

42. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the tool carrier is provided with at least one tool spindle (822, 832).

43. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the tool carrier (182 "", 186 "") can be pivoted in a controlled manner about a pivot axis (B, H).

44. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) comprise motor spindles.

45. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) are of identical design. 46. Machine tool according to the preamble of embodiment 1 or according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) within a spindle set in the range from 1.5 to 3 times a maximum workpiece diameter of this workpiece spindle unit (32, 34).

47. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the workpiece spindle units (32, 34, 82, 84) of the spindle set (30, 80) are arranged in a common spindle receiving body (24, 74).

48. Machine tool according to embodiment 46 or 47, the spindle receiving body (24, 74) being tempered by a temperature control medium.

49. Machine tool according to embodiment 48, wherein the spindle receiving body (24, 74) has a cooling channel system (152) through which the temperature control medium flows.

50. Machine tool according to embodiment 48 or 49, wherein the temperature control medium keeps the spindle receiving body (24, 74) in a defined temperature range.

51. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the spindle axes (36, 38) of the spindle set (30) run essentially horizontally.

52. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the tool cutting set are each arranged on a common tool holder (270). 53. Machine tool according to embodiment 52, wherein the tool holder (270) is detachably mounted on the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186).

54. Machine tool according to embodiment 52 or 53, wherein the tool holder (270) is mounted so as to be oriented in a defined manner relative to the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) by form-fitting elements (526, 528).

55. Machine tool according to embodiment 54, wherein the form-locking elements (526, 528) are effective between a support surface (262) of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) and a support surface of the tool holder (270).

56. Machine tool according to embodiment 54 or 55, the form-fitting elements (526, 528) providing a defined alignment of the tool holder (270) relative to the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in three spatial directions running transversely to one another.

57. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 52 to 56, wherein the tool holder (270) is provided with at least one holding pin (522) which engages in a holding pin receptacle (524) of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186).

58. Machine tool according to embodiment 57, wherein the holding pin (522) holds the form-fitting elements (526, 528) in engagement with the holding receptacle (524).

59. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one of the first and second tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) can be positioned in a defined manner in different positions relative to the tool carrier. 60. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, at least one of the first and second tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) being adjustable relative to the tool carrier by means of at least one setting device (302, 304, 622).

61. Machine tool according to embodiment 59 or 60, wherein the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in the processing position in the feed direction (X) can be predefined or set in a defined manner with an adjusting device (304).

62. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in the machining position in the direction parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38) can be predefined or set in a defined manner with an adjusting device (302).

63. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 59 to 62, wherein both the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) can be positioned in a defined manner relative to the tool carrier or can be adjusted by means of at least one setting device (302, 304, 622) .

64. Machine tool according to the preamble of embodiment 1 or according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the machine frame (10) has a machine bed body (16) which rises above a standing surface (12) and one with at least one component in the vertical direction having extending front side (26), in front of which the working space (60) is arranged.

65. Machine tool according to embodiment 64, wherein the spindle set (30) is arranged in front of the front side (26) of the machine bed body (16). 66. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a spindle axis plane (42) of the respective spindle set (30) runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the front side (26).

67. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 64 to 66, wherein a spindle receiving body (24) of the spindle set (30) is held stationary on the machine bed body (16).

68. Machine tool according to one of embodiments 64 to 67, wherein the spindle receiving body (74) of the spindle set (80) is arranged on a slide that can be moved parallel to the spindle axes (86, 88) and is movable with this guide slide (112) relative to the machine bed body (16) is.

69. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein one spindle set (30) represents a main spindle set (30) and that another spindle set represents a counter spindle set (80), and that the main spindle set (30) and the counter spindle set (80) are located opposite one another Sides of the work space (60), each with the workpiece holders (52, 54, 102, 104) facing this, are arranged.

70. Machine tool according to embodiment 69, at least two tool carriers (182, 184, 186) being provided on the machine frame (10), one of the tool carriers (182, 184) cutting at least one tool (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (Wl, W2) of the main spindle set (30) and another of the tool carriers (184) has at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) for machining work pieces (Wl, W2) in the counter spindle set (80). 71. Machine tool according to embodiment 69 or 70, at least two tool carriers (182, 184, 186) being provided on the machine frame (10), one of the tool carriers (182, 184) at least one set of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for machining of work pieces (Wl, W2) of the main spindle set (30) and another of the tool carriers (184) has at least one set of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (Wl, W2) in the counter spindle set (80).

72. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 69 or 71, wherein at least one of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) has several sets of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for the main spindle set (30).

73. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 69 to 72, wherein at least one of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) has several sets of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for the counter spindle set (80).

74. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 69 to 73, wherein at least the main spindle set (30) or the counter spindle set (80) in the direction parallel to their spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) relative to one another, in particular also relative to the machine frame (10) , is movable.

75. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 69 to 74, wherein at least the main spindle set (30) or the counter spindle set (80) can be moved to the respective other spindle set (30) so that, in particular, workpieces (W1, W2) can be transferred from workpiece holders (52, 54) of one spindle set (30, 80) can be carried out directly into the workpiece holders (52, 54) of the other spindle set (30).

76. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 69 to 75, wherein the main spindle set (30) and the counter spindle set (80) are arranged in front of the front side of the machine bed body (16). 77. Machine tool according to the preamble of embodiment 1 or according to one of the preceding embodiments, tool carriers (182, 186) being arranged on the machine frame (10), which are designed so that at least two can be used on one spindle set (30) , and that a first (182) of the tool carriers (182, 186) is used for the workpiece (Wl) received in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (Wl) and that a second (186) of the tool carriers (182 , 186) when the workpiece (W2) received in the second workpiece spindle unit (32) is used for machining this workpiece (W2).

78. Machine tool according to embodiment 77, wherein the first tool carrier (182) and the second tool carrier (186) are arranged on opposite sides of a spindle axis plane (42) in which the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) lie.

79. Machine tool according to embodiment 77 or 78, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) can be moved independently of one another in the direction of an infeed axis (X-axis).

80. Machine tool according to one of embodiments 77 to 79, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) can be moved independently of one another in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) parallel to the spindle axes of the spindle set (30).

81. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 77 to 80, wherein the first tool holder (182) on the first workpiece (Wl) during a first machining period (BZ1) and the second tool holder (186) on the second workpiece (W2) during a second machining period (BZ2) ) is used. 82. Machine tool according to embodiment 81, wherein the first processing period (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) overlap with one another in time.

83. Machine tool according to embodiment 81 or 82, the shorter of the machining periods (BZ1, BZ2) completely overlapping with the longer of the machining periods (BZ1, BZ2).

84. Machine tool according to embodiment 81 to 83, wherein the first (BZ1) and the second machining period (BZ2) have an identical duration.

85. Machine tool according to one of embodiments 77 to 84, wherein the machine control (118) with the first tool carrier (182) executes machining on the workpiece (Wl) accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) in accordance with a first part program (TI) and that the machine control (118) with the second tool carrier (186) executes machining according to a second parts program (T2) on the workpiece (WZ) accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit (34).

86. Machine tool according to embodiment 85, the first and second part programs (TI, T2) being identical.

87. Machine tool according to embodiment 85, wherein the first (TI) and the second (T2) part programs differ.

88. Machine tool according to embodiment 86 or 87, wherein the first and the second part programs (TI, T2) run at least overlapping with one another in time.

89. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 85 to 88, wherein the first and the second part program (TI, T2) run during a main machining period (HBZ). 90. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 85 to 89, the first part program (TI) running during a first machining period (BZ1).

91. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 85 to 90, the second part program (T2) running during a second machining period (BZ2).

92. Machine tool according to embodiment 90 or 91, the machining periods (BZ1, BZ2) having an identical duration.

93. Machine tool according to embodiment 90 or 91, the machining periods (BZ1, BZ2) differing in their duration.

94. Machine tool according to embodiment 93, wherein the processing time spaces (BZ1, BZ2) differ by a maximum of a third, preferably a maximum of a quarter, better a maximum of a fifth and even better a maximum of a tenth of the longest of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

95. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 90 to 94, wherein the first and the second processing period (BZ1, BZ2) lie within the main processing period (HBZ).

96. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein for machining the first workpiece (Wl) at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first tool carrier (182) and for machining the second workpiece (W2) at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the second Tool carrier (182) is used.

97. Machine tool according to embodiment 96, the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) each being equipped with tools (WS1, WS2) with identical tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2). 98. Machine tool according to embodiment 95 or 96, the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) being equipped with tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) which differ in at least one of the tool cutting edges.

99. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 96 to 98, each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the first tool carrier (182) and of the second tool carrier (186) being assigned its own tool correction data (WK1, WK2).

100. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the spindle set (30) to which the first and second tool carriers (152, 186) are assigned is a main spindle set (30) to which a counter spindle set (80) is assigned.

101. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, a third tool carrier (184) being arranged on the machine frame (10), which tool carrier (184) is for use on the workpiece spindle units (82,

84) of the counter spindle set (80) is provided.

102. Machine tool according to embodiment 101, at least one tool cutting edge being provided on the third tool carrier (184) for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) arranged in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80).

103. Machine tool according to one of the embodiments 100 to 102, wherein both workpieces (W1, W2) received in the counter spindle set (30) are machined during a counter-machining period (GBZ), the duration of which corresponds at most to the duration of the main machining period (HBZ). 104. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, at least one tool cutter being provided on the third tool carrier (184) for individual machining of the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80).

105. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein each of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) can be moved at least in the direction of an infeed axis (X-axis) independently of the others.

106. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 184, 186) are independent of one another in the direction of an axis (Y-axis) of the machine tool (10) running transversely to the respective infeed axis (X-axis) are movable.

107. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the third tool carrier can be moved in the direction of an axis (Y-axis) of the machine tool (10) running transversely to the respective infeed axis (X-axis).

108. Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the counter-spindle set (80) can be moved in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) of the machine tool (10) that is parallel to the spindle axis.

109. A method for operating a machine tool, comprising a machine frame (10), a first spindle set (30) arranged on the machine frame (10) with two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) aligned parallel to one another, as well as lying next to one another and at a distance workpiece spindle units (32, 34) arranged on the same side of a work space (60), in particular rigidly relative to one another, the workpiece mounts (52, 54, 102, 104) each facing the work space (60) and further comprising at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186) arranged on the machine frame (10) and having tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2), the spindle set (30) and the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to one another can be moved along at least one movement axis (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool by means of a machine control (118) in order to machine workpieces (Wl, W2) arranged in the workpiece holding units of the spindle set (30) ) recorded workpieces (Wl, W2) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS) comprising at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl , W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining the workpiece (Wl) held therein and the min At least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held in it, so that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that in a machining position of the tool cutter set (WSS) during synchronous machining in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program, each of the tool cutters (Wl, W2) relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances Has relative position

110. The method according to the preamble of embodiment 109 or according to embodiment 109, wherein a first tool cutting edge (WS1) on a first tool carrier (182) interacting with the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second tool cutting edge (WS2) on one with the second workpiece spindle unit ( 34) cooperating second tool carrier (186) is arranged that for synchronous machining of the work pieces (Wl, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining the workpiece held therein Workpiece (Wl) is assigned and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held therein, that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2 ) have an identical cutting edge geometry that, in a processing position of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) during synchronous processing in a production mode according to a predetermined part program (TI, T2), each of the tool cutting edges (Wl, W2) is relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

111. The method according to embodiment 109 or 110, wherein during synchronous machining the two tool cutters (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutter set (WSS) are arranged at a distance (AE) from one another in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their feed direction (X) which corresponds at least approximately to a distance (AS) between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

112. The method according to embodiment 111, wherein the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is selected to be greater than a distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) becomes.

113. The method according to embodiment 111, wherein the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is selected to be less than a distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) becomes.

114. The method according to embodiment 111, wherein the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is selected equal to the distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) . 115. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 114, wherein, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in the direction of their feed direction (X) so that these are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane (42).

116. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 115, wherein for synchronous machining the tool cutters (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutter set (WSS) are arranged in the direction of their feed direction (X) on the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) that these are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane (42).

117. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 116, wherein the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) with the tool cutting edge set (WSS) in the processing position in the infeed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the direction of the Spindle set (30) recorded workpieces (Wl, W2) is moved during the machining of the same.

118. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 117, wherein the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) with the respective tool cutter set (WS1, WS2) in the processing position in the infeed direction (X) of the tool cutter (WS1, WS2) in Direction of the workpieces (Wl, W2) received in the spindle set (30) is moved during the machining thereof. 119. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 118, wherein the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) according to the selected part program (TI, T2) in the infeed direction (X) to the respective workpieces (Wl, W2) are moved and a measurement processing specified by the selected part program (TI, T2) is carried out.

120. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 119, wherein in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and this selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program.

121. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 120, wherein in the measuring mode the relative position of each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and this respective tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program (TI, T2).

122. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 121, wherein in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is moved in a measuring feed plane (MZE) running parallel to the feed direction (X) and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) becomes. 123. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 122, wherein in a correction mode the alignment of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36 , 38, 86, 88) is changed in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) produce the same workpiece dimensions in the following production modes with the selected parts program within the specified machining tolerances.

124. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 123, wherein in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded after the end of the measuring mode and generated during the measuring machining by at least one tool correction (WK1, WK2) the orientation of the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) is relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) is changed in such a way that the tool cutting (WS1, WS2) within the framework of the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program (TI, T2) in the subsequent production modes generate the intended workpiece dimensions.

125. The method according to embodiment 123 or 124, wherein the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (SS) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X).

126. The method according to embodiment 123 to 125, wherein the tool correction comprises a movement along a linear axis (Y) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X).

127. The method according to one of the embodiments 123 to 126, wherein the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component in the feed direction (X). 128. The method according to embodiment 127, wherein the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) along a linear axis (X) with a component in the feed direction (X).

129. The method according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the tool correction involves a rotation of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) about an axis of rotation (212) running parallel to the spindle axis plane (42), in particular parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) ) includes.

130. Method according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis (212) of a tool carrier (182) designed as a tool turret.

131. The method according to embodiment 129 or 130, wherein the axis of rotation (212) is a position-regulated axis of rotation.

132. Method according to one of the preceding embodiments, the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) being changed at least transversely to the measuring feed plane (MZE) in the correction mode.

133. Method according to one of the preceding embodiments, the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) being changed in the infeed direction (X) in the correction mode.

134. Method according to the preamble of embodiment 109 or according to one of embodiments 109 to 133, wherein at least two tool cutting edges (182, 184, 186) are used to machine the workpieces (W1, W2) received in the spindle set (30) on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186). WS1, WS2) are arranged that at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32, 82) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held therein, that at least one second tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34, 84) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held therein, that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that In asynchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are used consecutively on the respective workpieces (Wl, W2) so that the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is relative to the reference point (RI, R2) of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is moved in a controlled manner by means of the machine control (118) taking into account tool correction values and thereby runs through a sequence of relative positions to the reference point (RI, R2) that is identical in time and location for both workpieces (Wl, W2).

135. The method according to embodiment 134, with the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) being arranged relative to one another for individual machining so that only one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is used.

136. The method according to embodiment 135, wherein the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the tool cutting edge (WS2, WS1) that is not used for machining is collision-free with the work held in the first and second tool spindle unit (W1, W2 ), especially between them.

137. The method according to one of the embodiments 134 to 136, wherein the asynchronous machining is used for finishing the workpieces (W1, W2).

138. The method according to one of the embodiments 134 to 137, wherein during asynchronous machining the relative movement of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) to the spindle set (30) taking into account separate tool correction data for the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the respective cutter carrier he follows. 139. Method according to the preamble of embodiment 109 or according to one of the preceding embodiments 109 to 138, wherein tool carriers (182, 186) are arranged on the machine frame (10) and are designed so that both can be used on one spindle set (30) and that a first (182) of the tool carriers (182, 186) is used for the workpiece (Wl) accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (Wl) and that a second (186) of the tool carriers (182 , 186) in the case of the workpiece (W2) received in the second workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (W2).

140. The method according to embodiment 139, wherein the first tool carrier (182) and the second tool carrier (186) are moved on opposite sides of a spindle axis plane (42) in which the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) lie.

141. The method according to embodiment 139 or 140, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are moved independently of one another in the direction of an infeed axis (X-axis).

142. Method according to one of the embodiments 139 to 141, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are moved independently of one another in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) parallel to the spindle axes of the spindle set (30).

143. The method according to one of the embodiments 139 to 142, wherein the first tool holder (182) on the first workpiece (Wl) during a first machining period (BZ1) and the second tool holder (186) on the second workpiece (W2) during a second machining period (BZ2) ) can be used. 144. The method according to embodiment 143, wherein the first processing period (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) overlap with one another in time.

145. The method according to embodiment 143 or 144, wherein the shorter of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) completely overlaps the longer of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

146. The method according to one of the embodiments 143 to 145, wherein the first (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) have an identical duration.

147. The method according to one of the embodiments 139 to 146, wherein the machine control (118) with the first tool carrier (182) executes machining according to a first partial program (TI) on the workpiece (Wl) accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and that by the machine control (118) with the second tool carrier (186) on the workpiece (WZ) accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit (34), machining according to a second parts program (T2) is carried out.

148. The method according to embodiment 147, wherein the first and the second part programs (TI, T2) are identical.

149. The method according to embodiment 147, wherein the first (TI) and the second (T2) part programs differ.

150. The method according to embodiment 148 or 149, wherein the first and the second part programs (TI, T2) run at least in terms of time overlapping one another. 151. The method according to one of the embodiments 147 to 150, wherein the first and the second part programs (TI, T2) run during a main machining period (HBZ).

152. The method according to one of the embodiments 147 to 151, wherein the first part program (TI) runs during a first processing period (BZ1).

153. The method according to one of the embodiments 147 to 152, wherein the second part program (T2) runs during a second processing period (BZ2).

154. The method according to embodiment 152 or 153, wherein the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) have an identical duration.

155. The method according to embodiment 152 or 153, the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) differing in terms of their duration.

156. The method according to embodiment 155, wherein the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) differ by a maximum of a third, preferably a maximum of a quarter, better a maximum of a fifth and even better a maximum of a tenth of the longest of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

157. The method according to one of the embodiments 152 to 156, wherein the first and the second processing period (BZ1, BZ2) lie within the main processing period (HBZ).

158. The method according to one of the embodiments 109 to 157, wherein for machining the first workpiece (Wl) at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first tool carrier (182) and for machining the second workpiece (W2) at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the second tool carrier (182) can be used. 159. The method according to embodiment 158, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are each equipped with tools (WS1, WS2) with identical tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2).

160. The method according to embodiment 158 or 159, wherein the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are equipped with tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) which differ in at least one of the tool cutting edges.

161. The method according to one of the embodiments 158 to 160, wherein each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the first tool carrier (182) and of the second tool carrier (186) is assigned its own tool correction data (WK1, WK2).

162. The method according to one of the embodiments 139 to 161, wherein the spindle set (30) to which the first and second tool carriers (152, 186) are assigned is a main spindle set (30) to which a counter spindle set (80) is assigned.

163. The method according to one of the embodiments 139 to 162, wherein a third tool carrier (184) is arranged on the machine frame (10) and is used on the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set.

164. The method according to embodiment 163, wherein at least one tool cutting edge is used on the third tool carrier (184) for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) arranged in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80). 165. The method according to embodiment 163 or 164, wherein tool cutters (WS1, WS2) are used on the third tool carrier (184) for synchronous machining or asynchronous machining of the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80) become.

166. The method according to one of the embodiments 162 to 165, wherein both workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the counter spindle set (30) are machined during a counter-machining period (GBZ), the duration of which corresponds at most to the duration of the main machining period (HBZ).

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention.

In the drawing show:

1 shows a front view of a first exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a section along line 2-2 in FIG. 1; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a section along line 3-3 in Fig. 1:

Fig. 4 is a section along line 4-4 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a section along line 5-5 in Fig. 1;

6 shows a section along line 6-6 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 shows a detail of the section along line 7-7 in FIG. 5; FIG. 8 shows a perspective illustration of a work space between a main spindle set and a counter spindle set of the first exemplary embodiment of the machine tool;

9 shows an illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention, mounted by way of example on a turret head of a tool carrier;

10 shows a representation of a second exemplary embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention, mounted by way of example on a turret head of a tool carrier;

11 is a one-sided exploded view of the second embodiment example of the tool holder in the view according to the arrow A in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 shows a plan view of the second exemplary embodiment of the tool holder in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 10; FIG.

13 shows a section along line 13-13 in FIG. 15;

Fig. 14 is a section along line 14-14 in Fig. 12;

15 shows a plan view of the tool holder in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 12;

FIG. 16 shows a section along line 16-16 in FIG. 13; FIG.

17 shows a plan view of the tool holder in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 10; 18 shows a view of the tool holder corresponding to FIG. 10 when used for synchronous machining;

19 shows a schematic illustration of a possibility for correcting a tool cutting edge position error AWS by increasing a distance between the tool cutting edges;

20 shows a schematic illustration of a further possibility for correcting the tool cutting edge position error AWS;

21 shows an illustration of the dependency of the radii generated by the tool cutting edges during machining on an offset in the Y direction;

22 shows a schematic representation of corrections of the

Radii when positioning the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2, the distance AE of which is, for example, 0.5 mm greater than the distance AS;

23 shows a schematic illustration of a further possibility for correcting the tool cutting edge position error AWS;

FIG. 24 shows a schematic enlarged illustration of the effects of the possibility according to FIG. 23; FIG.

25 shows a plan view of a third exemplary embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention, similar to FIG. 10;

FIG. 26 shows a section along line 26-26 in FIG. 25; FIG.

FIG. 27 shows a section along line 27-27 in FIG. 25; FIG. 28 shows a plan view of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention, similar to FIG. 10;

Fig. 29 is a view in the direction of arrow D in Fig. 28;

FIG. 30 shows a section along line 30-30 in FIG. 29; FIG.

31 shows a section along line 31-31 in FIG. 30;

32 shows a view of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention for asynchronous machining, similar to FIG. 9 during machining of a first workpiece Wl;

33 shows an illustration of the fourth exemplary embodiment of the tool holder according to the invention, corresponding to FIG. 32 during the machining of a second workpiece W2;

34 shows a plan view of a second exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;

35 shows a perspective illustration of the work space in the second exemplary embodiment of the machine tool;

36 shows a section along line 36-36 in FIG. 34;

37 shows a perspective illustration of a third exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention, similar to FIG. 35;

38 shows a plan view of the tool carrier of the third

Embodiment in the direction of arrow E in Fig. 37;

39 shows a section similar to FIG. 36 through a fourth exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention; 40 shows a section through a fifth exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;

41 is a perspective illustration of a sixth

Exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;

42 shows a plan view of a front side of the machine tool according to the invention;

FIG. 43 shows a section along line 43-43 in FIG. 42; FIG.

44 shows a schematic illustration of a possibility for determining tool corrections;

45 shows a schematic representation of the machine control with

Part programs TIS and T2S for controlling a first tool carrier and a second tool carrier during synchronous machining;

FIG. 46 shows a section along line 48-48 in FIG. 42; FIG.

47 shows an illustration similar to FIG. 45 with different part programs for individual machining in the main spindle set and asynchronous machining in the counter spindle set;

FIG. 48 shows an illustration similar to FIG. 47 with individual machining in the main spindle set and the counter spindle set; FIG.

49 shows a schematic representation of finished parts produced with a control according to FIG. 47 and different part programs TI and T2 on the sixth exemplary embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention; 50 shows a perspective illustration of a seventh exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;

51 shows a front plan view of the seventh exemplary embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention;

52 shows a plan view of the seventh exemplary embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention from above;

FIG. 53 shows a section along line 53-53 in FIG. 51; FIG.

54 shows a section along line 54-54 in FIG. 51 during machining of a first workpiece on a rear side with a counter spindle set;

FIG. 55 shows an illustration similar to FIG. 54 during machining of a second workpiece in the counter spindle set; FIG.

56 shows a representation of a first variant of a control in the

Asynchronous machining of the first and the second workpiece with a tool edge in the counter spindle set;

57 shows a representation of a second variant of a machine tool control for the individual machining of the first and the second workpiece in the counter spindle set with a tool cutting edge and

58 shows a representation of a third variant of a machine tool control for machining the first workpiece and the second workpiece with different tool cutting edges in the counter spindle set. A first exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a machine frame designated as a whole by 10 with a foot part 14 arranged on a standing surface 12, starting from which a machine bed body 16 rises, which extends from the foot part 14 in a direction 18 which runs in particular transversely, approximately perpendicularly to the standing surface 12, with approximately perpendicular also being understood to mean an inclination of ± 30 °.

A spindle carrier 22 is stationarily arranged on the machine bed body 16 and, on its side opposite the foot part 14, carries a spindle receiving body 24 which is arranged non-rotatably relative to the machine frame 10 and in which a spindle set 30, comprising a first workpiece spindle unit 32 and a second workpiece spindle unit 34, is arranged side by side ( Fig. 2).

The spindle carrier 22 and the spindle receiving body 24 are arranged on a front side 26 of the machine bed body 16, so that the spindle set 30 is also located in front of the front side 26.

The first workpiece spindle unit 32 has a first spindle axis 36 and the second workpiece spindle unit 34 has a second spindle axis 38, the spindle axes 36 and 38 running parallel to each other and lying in a common spindle axis plane 42, which is preferably transverse, in particular perpendicular to the direction of extension 18 of the machine bed body 16 runs.

In particular, the spindle axes 36, 38 run approximately horizontally in the spindle axis plane 42, that is, they are inclined at most by an angle of ± 30 ° with respect to a horizontal plane. The workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 in turn have workpiece receptacles 52 and 54, the workpiece receptacles 52 and 54 both being arranged facing a work space 60 which is arranged in front of the front side 26 of the machine bed body 16, in front of which the spindle carrier 22 and the spindle receiving body 24 are also located are arranged.

On a side of the work space 60 opposite the workpiece holders 52, 54 of the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34, a further spindle carrier 72 is arranged on the front side 26, which also carries a spindle holder body 74 on its side facing away from the foot part 14, in which, as in FIG Shown, a spindle set 80, also comprising a first workpiece spindle unit 82 and a second workpiece spindle unit 84, is arranged, wherein a first spindle axis 86 of the first workpiece spindle unit 82 and a second spindle axis 88 of the second workpiece spindle unit 84 run parallel to each other and in a spindle axis plane 92 lie, which is preferably coplanar to the spindle axis plane 42 (Fig. 3).

Furthermore, the distance between the first spindle axis 86 and the second spindle axis 88 is identical to the distance between the first spindle axis 36 and the second spindle axis 38, and the first spindle axes 36, 86 and the second spindle axes 38, 88 are particularly coaxial with one another.

The further spindle carrier 72 is preferably held on a guide slide 112 which, by means of slide guides 114 and 116, can be moved in a controlled manner by a machine controller 118 in a Z direction running parallel to the spindle axes 36, 38, 86, 88 by means of slide guides 114 and 116, but relative to the Machine bed body 16 is rotatably arranged. The first workpiece spindle unit 82 and the second workpiece spindle unit 84 also have workpiece receptacles 102 and 104 which face the work space 60 and in which workpieces can be received for machining.

Controlled by the machine control 118, the spindle carrier 72 and the spindle receiving body 74 can thus be moved in the Z-direction on the spindle carrier 22 and the spindle receiving body 24 and with a coaxial alignment of the first spindle axis 36 to the first spindle axis 86 and the second spindle axis 38 to second spindle axis 88 transferred workpieces between the first workpiece spindle unit 32 and the first workpiece spindle unit 82 and the second workpiece spindle unit 34 and the second workpiece spindle unit 84 in order to be able to machine the workpieces on the front and back in a known manner.

As shown in FIG. 4 using the example of the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34, each of the workpiece spindle units 32, 34, 82, 84 is designed as a motor spindle and includes a stator 122, which is located in the respective spindle receiving body, in this case the spindle receiving body 24, and rotatably in the Spindle receiving body 24 is arranged and a rotor 124 rotatable relative to stator 122 about the respective spindle axis, in this case the spindle axis 36, which is seated directly on a spindle tube 126, which in turn holds the respective workpiece holder on its side facing the work space 60, in FIG 4 carries the workpiece holder 52 or 54 and is rotatably mounted on the respective spindle holder body 24 in the area between the workpiece holder 52 or 54 and the rotor 124 by means of a preloaded front-side bearing unit 128.

In addition, the respective spindle tube 126 is also mounted on a side opposite the workpiece mounts 52 or 54 with a rear bearing unit 132 on the spindle mount body 24. Since a heat build-up occurs in the area of the respective stator 122 and also the front bearing unit 128, the spindle receiving body, for example the spindle receiving body 24, is designed as an actively coolable receiving body 134 in a section lying between the front bearing unit 128 and the rear bearing unit 132, which is constructed from segments cut out of flat material in a stacking direction 136 parallel to the spindle axes 36, 38 and extending in parallel stacking planes 138 transversely to the stacking direction 136 with overlapping receiving cutouts 142 for the stator 122 and the rotor 124 and with cooling duct cutouts 144, so that the spindle receiving body 24 has spindle motor mountings 150 for the spindle motors 120 and a cooling channel system which is separate from these spindle motor mountings 150 and encompasses them, formed by the cooling channel cutouts 144.

By means of this particularly meandering cooling channel system 152 there is the possibility of effective and active cooling of the spindle motors 120 and the front bearing unit 128, so that in particular the spindle receiving body 24 can be stabilized with regard to its thermal expansion during operation of the spindle motors 120.

In particular, by means of the cooling channel system 152, the spindle receiving body 24 can be stabilized with regard to its thermal expansion in such a way that the distance between the spindle axes 36 and 38 can be maintained in a defined manner in order to allow precise machining of the workpieces received in the workpiece receptacles 52 and 54 within the space required for the Ensure machining accuracy of the desired area.

Such an actively cooled body for receiving spindle motors 120 is described, for example, in EP 1 414 615 or EP 2 544 854, to which reference can be made in full with regard to further features and aspects of the receiving body 134 cooled in this way. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool comprises a plurality of tool carriers, for example tool carriers 182 and 184, which are arranged on the machine bed body 16 on a side of the spindle axis planes 42 and 92 facing away from the base part 14, and a tool carrier 186 which is mounted on one of the base parts 14 facing side of the spindle axis planes 42, 92 is arranged.

Each of these tool carriers 182, 184 and 186 is designed, for example, as a tool turret and each comprises a turret housing 192, 194 or 196, relative to which the corresponding turret head 202, 204 and 206 can be rotated about a turret axis 212, 214 or 216.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, for example, all turret axes 212, 214, 216 are aligned so that they run parallel to perpendicular to the spindle axis planes 42, 92 and, for example, centered between the spindle axes 36, 38 and 86, 88 spindle set center planes 222, 224 .

The respective turret housings 192, 194 and 196 can be moved in a controlled manner relative to the machine bed body 16 by means of the machine control 118.

For example, the turret housing 192 is on a bed body 16 relative to the machine in the Z direction, that is, parallel to the spindle axes 36, 38, 86, 88, and in the X direction, that is, transversely to the spindle axes 36, 38, 86, 88 and in particular arranged perpendicular to the spindle axis planes 42 and 92 movable carriage 232 and also movable relative to the carriage 232 along a Y-axis running perpendicular to the Z-direction and perpendicular to the X-direction and optionally relative to the carriage 232 around the parallel to the B-axis 234 running in the Y-direction is rotatable. The tool carrier 182 is, for example, assigned to the spindle set 30 with the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 for machining the workpieces arranged in them and for this purpose can be moved along the movement axes Z, X, Y and optionally rotatable about the B axis.

The tool carrier 186 is assigned, for example, to the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34, the turret housing 196 likewise sitting on a slide 242 which can be moved in a controlled manner relative to the machine bed body 16 in the X and Z directions by means of the machine control 118.

Furthermore, for example, the tool carrier 184 is assigned to the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84 and the turret housing 194 is arranged on a slide 252 which is only movable in the X direction relative to the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84.

This direction of movement is sufficient for machining workpieces in the work piece spindle units 82 and 84, since the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84 can be moved in the Z direction in a controlled manner by the machine controller 118 due to the arrangement of the spindle carrier 72 on the guide carriage 112.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 9, each of the turret heads 202, 204, 206 is in the form of a regular polygon, preferably in the form of regular quadrilaterals, pentagons or hexagons, and has flat sides 262 with stations 264 in which tool holders 270 are detachably mounted, which can be moved into a machining position by rotating about a turret axis 212, 214, 216 assigned to each of the turret heads 202, 204, 206.

In FIGS. 1 to 8, the tool holders 270 are only shown schematically and it is also shown schematically that each of the tool holders 270 carries a tool cutting edge set WSS, comprising a first tool cutting edge WS1 and a second tool cutting edge WS2. An embodiment of a tool holder 270, which is designed as a rotary holder in FIG. 9, comprises a base body 280, which has a support body 282, which is supported in the respective station 264 on the respective flat side 262 of a turret head 202, and one from the support body 282 carried central body 284, wherein on both sides of the central body 284 cutter carriers 292 and 204 are arranged, which carry the tool cutting tool WS1 and WS2.

A simple embodiment of the tool holder 270 provides that the cutter carriers 292, 294 are held stationary on the central body, as shown in FIG. 9.

The tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be mounted in defined, predefinable positions, for example by surface machining of the cutting edge carriers 292, 294 or for example by the inserted plate 295, in the cutting edge carriers 292, 294, so that the positions of the tool cutting WS1 and WS2 at least in X- and can be predefined in a defined manner in the Y direction, preferably also in the Z direction.

In an adjustable embodiment of the tool holder 270 'shown in FIG. 10, each of the cutter carriers 292, 294 is relative to the base body 280, in particular the central body 284, in an adjustment direction running parallel to the Z-axis and in a setting direction running parallel to the X-axis Adjustment direction adjustable.

For this purpose, an intermediate body 296 is provided between the respective cutter carrier 292, 294 (FIG. 11), for example the cutter carrier 292 and the base body 280, in particular the central body 284, which, for example, relative to the base body 280 by means of a Setting device 302 is adjustable along a movement axis, for example in the direction of the Z-axis, and relative to which by means of a further setting device 304 the cutter carrier 292 is adjustable along a further movement axis, for example in the direction of the X-axis.

The adjusting device 302 comprises, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, a path guide 310 formed from two guide units 312 and 314 arranged at a distance from one another, each of which has a toothing 316, for example a double toothing, which is inserted into one of the toothing 316 corresponding Toothed groove 318 engages.

For example, the toothing 316 is molded onto the intermediate body 296 and the toothed groove 318 is molded into the base body 280, in particular in the central body 284 thereof, for example.

As shown in FIG. 10, the guide units 312 and 314 of the web guide 310 extend in the adjustment direction 302 parallel to the Z direction, for example over the entire extent of the intermediate body 296, in the Z direction and are transverse to the Z direction, in the Arranged at a distance from each other. Furthermore, the guide units 312 and 314 also extend over essentially the entire extent of the central body 284 and thus define an adjusting path 322 running parallel to the Z direction.

In order to be able to position the intermediate body 296 exactly in the individual path positions of the adjustment path 322, a positioning unit 330 is provided in addition to the path guide 310, which comprises an adjustment body 332 which is provided with a wedge section 334, the wedge surface 336 of which is matched with a correspondingly shaped counter-wedge surface 338 of the Intermediate body 296 cooperates (Fig. 12 to 14). As shown in FIG. 15, the adjustment body 332 also engages with a guide section 342 in a guide groove 344 in the central body 284 of the base body 280 and is guided in this in a guide direction 346 running transversely to the adjustment path 322 and additionally, as in FIG. 13 represented by an adjusting element 352, for example an adjusting screw, the head 354 of which is positively fixed in the guide direction 346 relative to the guide section 342, and the threaded section 356 of which engages in a threaded bore 358 in the central body 284 of the base body 280.

With the adjusting element 352 there is thus the possibility of moving the adjusting body 332 in the guide direction 346, whereby this acts on the mating wedge surface 338 (Fig. 14) by the displacement in the guide direction 346 with the wedge surface 336 and thus in turn a displacement of the intermediate body 296 caused relative to the base body 280, in particular to the central body 284, along the adjustment path 322.

To identify the relative position of the setting body 332 relative to the central body 284, a display unit 372 is preferably provided which has mutually facing markings 374 and 376, one of which is arranged on the intermediate body 296 and the other on the central body 284.

The second setting device 304 is designed in the same way as the first setting device 302, that is, it comprises, as shown in FIG. 15, a path guide 410, formed by two guide units 412 and 414 running parallel to one another, each of the guide units 412 , 414 has a toothing 416, which is formed on the intermediate body 296, and in a toothing groove 418, formed on the respective cutter carrier 292, 294, in the cutter carrier 292 shown in FIG. 14 in particular. With this path guide 410, the respective blade carrier 292 is guided relative to the intermediate body 296 along an adjusting path 422 (FIGS. 11, 12) which runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the adjusting path 322.

To position the cutter carrier 232 along the adjusting path 422, a positioning unit 430 is provided which, as shown in FIG. 13, has an adjusting body 432 which acts with a wedge section 434 and by means of a wedge surface 436 of the wedge section 434 on a mating wedge surface 436 of the intermediate body 296 in order to move the intermediate body 296 along the adjustment path 422 relative to the respective cutter carrier 292, 294.

For this purpose, the setting body 432, which is guided with a guide section 442 in a guide groove 444 in the cutter carrier 292 in a guiding direction 446 (FIG. 16), can be moved in such a way that by moving the setting body 432 in the guiding direction 446 a displacement of the cutter carrier 292 relative to the intermediate body 296 along the adjustment path 422 is possible.

In the same way as with the setting device 302, an adjusting element 452 is provided in the setting device 304, the head 454 of which is positively connected to the setting body 432 in the direction of the guide direction 446 and the threaded section 456 of which engages in a threaded bore 458 in the cutter carrier 292 so that through When adjusting element 452 is rotated, adjusting body 432 is shifted in guide direction 446.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, a display unit 472 is also provided which comprises markings 474 and 476 with which the position of the setting body 432 in the guide direction 446 can be detected (FIG. 15). In order to keep the wedge surfaces 336, 346 in contact with the mating wedge surfaces 338 and 348, respectively, of the two adjusting devices 302 and 304, the intermediate body 296 is acted upon by an elastic pressure element 482 in the case of the adjusting device 302 and an elastic pressure element 484 in the case of the adjusting device 304, the pressure element 482 being fixed on the central body 284 and the pressure element 484 being fixed on the intermediate body 286 (FIG. 15).

To fix the respective cutter carrier 292 or 294 in the position set, for example, in both the Z-direction and the X-direction relative to the base body 280, in particular to the central body 284, a bracing device 490 is provided (FIG. 11), which has several bracing elements 492, for example designed as clamping screws, which act on the respective cutter carrier 292, 294, penetrate it and also penetrate the intermediate body 296 and can be screwed into the base body 280, in particular the central body 284.

The bracing elements 492 penetrate through openings 494 provided for them in the intermediate body 296.

Tightening the bracing elements 492 of the bracing device 490 results in a non-positive fixing of the respective cutter carrier 292 relative to the intermediate body 296 and, in turn, a non-positive fixing of the intermediate body 296 relative to the base body 280, in particular relative to the central body 484, so that overall a non-positive fixing between the base body 280 , the intermediate body 296 and the respective cutter carrier 292 or 294, in particular in the area of the path guides 310 and 410 acted upon here by the bracing device 490, so that the cutter carriers 292 and 294 are fixed in a stable manner relative to the base body 280. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 17, the cutter carriers 292 and 294 are each provided with shank receptacles 502 and 504, in which the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 carrying shanks 506 and 508 can be fixed.

The shafts 506 and 508 can preferably be inserted into the shaft receptacles 502 and 504 and can be fixed in a force-fit manner in the shaft receptacles 502 and 504 by means of clamping blocks 512 and 514 by being acted upon by these clamping blocks 512 and 514.

The tool holder 270i can be fixed to the respective turret head in the most varied of ways.

For example, the tool holder 270i shown in FIG. 10 is designed for a turret head 202 'which has a total of five flat sides 262 on which the base body 280 of the respective tool holder 270i can be supported.

The base body 280 can be fixed to the turret head 202 in the most varied of ways.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 12, 14 and 17, the base body 280 is provided with a retaining pin 522 according to DIN ISO 108891, which can be inserted into a pin receptacle 524 (FIGS. 10 and 11) in the turret 202 'and in a known manner by bracing is fixable.

In addition, the respective support body 282 is provided with double teeth 526 (Figs. 14, 17) arranged on both sides of the retaining pin 522, which extend transversely to the respective turret axis 212 'and in toothed grooves 528 (Figs. 9, 10) running transversely to the turret axis 212' ) engage the turret 202 'so that the base body 280 is fixed on the turret 202' according to European patent 1 514 623 B1, to which reference is made in its entirety. In the case of the tool holder 270 or 270'i according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 18, both the tool cutting edge WS1 and the tool cutting edge WS2 can in the simplest case be positioned in a defined manner relative to the base body 280, as with the tool holder 270, or adjustable, as with the tool holder 270 '.

As shown in FIG. 18, this allows the respective tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2, in particular their engagement points E1 and E2 on the respective workpiece W1 or W2, to be set relative to a reference point RI, R2 of the respective workpiece spindle unit 32, 34.

The reference points RI, R2 are the reference points usually clearly defined for each workpiece spindle unit 32, 34 according to identical criteria for machining the workpiece received in the workpiece spindle unit 32, 34 and lie in particular on the spindle axes 36, 38.

In principle, it would only be necessary to be able to adjust one of the tool cutting edges WS1, WS2 relative to the other tool cutting edge 274, 272.

To carry out synchronous machining, i.e. to carry out the same machining steps on the workpieces W1 and W2 accommodated in the workpiece spindle units 32, 34 of the spindle set 30 during the same period, with only one movement of the tool carrier 182 used in each case for machining relative to the spindle set 30 along the intended Movement axes X, Y, Z, possibly B or H, the engagement points El and E2 of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 are to be arranged in the direction perpendicular to the feed direction X to the spindle axes 36, 38 at a distance AE from one another which is at least approximately the distance AS of Spindle axes 36, 38 corresponds, so that the points of engagement El and E2 on the workpieces W1 and W2 act as possible in the same areas on the workpieces W1 and W2. In particular, for the synchronous machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 in the workpiece spindle units 32, 34, the position of the engagement points El and E2 of the tool cutting edges WS1, WS2 on the respective workpiece W1 and W2 relative to the respective reference point RI, R2 is required within the scope of the desired machining accuracy to preset the respective workpiece spindle unit 32, 34 as precisely as possible, the respective reference point RI, R2 usually lying on the respective spindle axis 36, 38 at a defined point thereof.

For this reason, in synchronous machining, the relative position of the point of engagement El, through the distance AZ1 from the reference point RI in the direction of the spindle axis S1 and the distance AX1, in particular also the radial distance RAI, of the tool cutting edge WS1, and the relative position of the second point of engagement E2, defined by the distance AZ2 in the direction of the spindle axis S2 and the distance AX2, in particular also the radial distance RA2, to define the tool cutting edge WS2 from the spindle axis S2 within the scope of the desired machining accuracy.

In principle, a position that can be predefined in a defined manner or the ability to adjust the position of one of the tool cutting edges WS1, WS2 would be sufficient for this purpose.

However, since the tool holder 270 'should be able to be used as universally as possible, for example both in the turret head 202 of the tool carrier 182 and in the turret head 206 of the tool carrier 186 of the first exemplary embodiment of the machine tool shown in FIGS Adjustability of both tools cut WS1, WS2 advantageous, in order to create the possibility that one machine operator makes the setting using the setting devices 302 and 304 provided between the base body 280 of the tool holder 270i, while the other of the cutter carriers 292, 294 does not have to be adjusted.

This makes it possible to make the setting of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 relative to one another as user-friendly as possible.

In the previous explanation of the tool holder 270'i, it was not explained how a distance between the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be set in the direction of the Y-axis of the machine tool.

Since this distance is less critical for the dimensional accuracy of the contour of the workpieces W1 and W2 during synchronous machining than the distances AZ1 and AX1 or AZ2 and AX2, this distance can either be achieved by using shims inserted in the shank mounts 502, 504 or by machining individual components the cutter carrier 292, 294, for example, specify the machining of the shank receptacles 502 and 504 or the shanks 506 and 508 during the construction of the workpiece holder 270i to the extent required for the required machining accuracy.

To process the workpieces W1 and W2, the positions of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 of the tool holder 270 or 270 'are preset in a presetting process, for example by a presetting device in which the most exact possible positioning of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 at least in X and Z-direction is realizable. After the tool holder 270 or 270 'with the preset tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 has been inserted into the turret 202 of the tool carrier 182, the workpieces W1 and W2 provided for this purpose are machined according to a measurement mode carried out before a production mode and controlled by the machine control 118 selected or specified part program, the positions of one of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2, for example the tool cutting edge WS1, being used as a reference variable for controlling the cutting edge set WSS, so that this tool cutting edge, as shown in FIG. 19, is controlled relative to the reference point RI is moved, wherein the engagement point El of the tool cutting edge WS1 is positioned in a parallel to the infeed direction, in particular in the illustrated case parallel to the X-axis, in particular also perpendicular to the spindle axis plane 42, and through the spindle axis 36 of the measuring infeed plane MZE and in this in infeed r ichtung X is moved along the X-axis according to the part program provided in order to machine the workpieces W1 and W2 with both tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in the course of a measurement machining of the workpieces W1 and W2.

After the measurement processing, the actual workpiece dimensions of the workpieces W1 and W2 generated during the measurement processing are recorded either manually or with a, for example, tactile, measuring device MV that can be moved, for example, tactile, to the processed surfaces, in particular by the machine control 118, with the workpiece W1 the Deviations in the actual workpiece dimensions from the workpiece dimensions provided in accordance with the parts program directly affect the system position errors AS of the system from tool holder 270, tool carrier 182 and the other components of the machine tool can be attributed to the workpiece W2, while the deviations of the actual workpiece dimensions from the workpiece dimensions provided according to the part program are based on the system position errors AS and the tool cutting edge position errors AWS of the tool cutting edges WS1, WS2 relative to one another.

In an exemplary simple case, after the measurement machining, a radius is measured on the surface machined with the tool cutting edge WS1 which, due to the system position error, deviates by the value AS (exaggerated as an example in FIG. 19) from the value AX1 required in the part program.

Furthermore, after the measurement machining, a radius is measured on the surface machined with the tool cutting edge WS2, which also deviates from the value AX2 required in the part program.

This deviation is based on the one hand on the value caused by the system position errors AS and also on the tool cutting edge position errors AWS of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2, in particular in the infeed direction X.

For the sake of simplicity, in the following description of the tool correction options, the value AS is included as already corrected, since the value AS also cuts for the tool cutting edge set WSS and thus for the tool by the machine control 118 with the known tool correction intended for a single tool WS1 and WS2 can be corrected together.

There are several possibilities to reduce this tool cutting edge position error AWS. A first possibility provides for the distance AE between the engagement points El and E2 of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 to be slightly larger than the distance AS of the spindle axes 36, 38 by a defined value, that is to say, for example, in the range of less than 1 mm even better less than 0.5 mm greater than the distance AS.

As shown in FIG. 19, this leads to the creation of identical radii RA and RA in both workpieces W1 and W2, depending on the position of the tool cutting set WSS, in particular the point of engagement El of the tool cutting edge WS1, relative to the measuring infeed plane MZE one of the points of engagement El, the tool cutting edge WS1, WS2 in the infeed direction X can be offset by the value AWS relative to the other point of engagement E2 in the infeed direction X, this only being the case with a value AWSe, a value AE and a value of the radii RAI, RA2.

If the value AWS is, for example, smaller than the value AWSe, a correction leading to the same radii is also possible by moving the tool cutting set WSS transversely to the measuring infeed plane MZE and thus transversely to the infeed direction X, i.e. in particular a displacement in the Y direction, as shown in FIG. 20, since as shown in FIG. 21, the radius RAI, RA2 generated with the respective tool cutting edge WS1, WS2 with the distance of the tool cutting edge WS1, WS2 from the respective one by the spindle axes 36, 38 and parallel to the infeed direction X. extending infeed plane ZE1, ZE2 varies non-linearly, so that when the tool cutter set WSS is shifted in the Y direction, the radius RAI, RA2 generated in each case, starting from the infeed plane ZE1, ZE2, initially only changes to a lesser extent and then to an increasingly greater extent, with the change is also dependent on the radius RA, as shown in FIG. A displacement of the tool cutting edge set WSS in the Y direction in the event of a tool cutting edge position error AWS thus allows the generation of identical radii RA by moving the tool cutting edge set WSS in the Y direction.

If, however, it is assumed that first, to correct the system position error AS, the point of contact El of the tool cutting edge WS1 is moved along the measuring feed plane MZE in the feed direction X until the radius RA provided by the selected part program is reached, then if there is a tool cutting edge position error AWS the positions of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 at the positions of the engagement points in the Y direction, denoted by E1 and E2 in FIG. 22, relative to the respective central planes ZE1 and ZE2 shown coinciding in FIG. 22.

A shift of both tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in the Y direction by DU now has the consequence, according to FIG. 22, that in order to achieve identical radii RA - taking into account the tool cutting edge position error AWS - as shown schematically in FIG Distance DU from the measuring infeed plane MZE formed by the infeed plane ZE1 lies at a corrected engagement point E1K, which corresponds to an increase in diameter to a diameter RA 'and the tool cutting edge WS2 lies at a corrected engagement point E2K, which also corresponds to the diameter RA', the radii RA 'are greater than the radius RA provided in the part program.

It is approximately RA '-RA = IRÄ ² - 4 Ay-RA However, in order to achieve the radius RA specified by the part program for both workpieces W1, W2, a correction DC in the infeed direction X is required, which results from the fact that, with an exclusive shift in the Y direction, the resulting identical radii RA ', RA '' are larger than the radii specified by the part program.

This correction DC, which takes place in the infeed direction, corresponds approximately to the difference between the radii RA'-RA.

In addition, the specification of machining tolerances opens up a further possibility, even if the radii RA are not mathematically exactly identical,

RA positionable tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 by utilizing the machining tolerances to achieve extensive compensation of tool cutting edge position errors AWS by determining correction values for the position of the tool cutting edge set WSS and thus indirectly correction values for the position of the respective tool holder 270, 270 '.

The above-described determination of the correction values can be carried out, for example, by the machine control 118 by mathematically calculating the geometric relationships or by step-by-step calculation of the values obtained by moving the respective tool cutting set WSS in the Y direction and determining the values that can be achieved for the radii RAI, RA2 and the subsequent determination of the respective pairs of radii RAI, RA2 with the smallest value difference take place.

The effects described above also result when a distance AE between the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 is selected, which is smaller than the distance AS between the spindle axes 36, 38 or 86, 88, since a displacement of the workpiece cutting set WSS in the Y direction is the same as shown in FIG. 21 and 22 results, with the only difference that the shift in the Y-direction, starting from the measuring infeed plane MZE, takes place in the opposite direction than with a distance AE greater than AS. As an alternative or in addition to moving the tool cutter set WSS in the Y direction, a further advantageous possibility of correcting tool cutter position errors AWS, as shown in FIG. 23, provides the distance between tool cutters WS1 and WS2 essentially the same or the same as the distance between the spindle axes AS and to provide the turret 202 'of the tool carrier carrying the tool cutting set WSS with a position-controlled axis, also referred to in this application as the H-axis, as the turret axis 212', which is aligned parallel to the Z-axis, and the tool carrier at least in the direction of the X-axis, but in particular also in the direction of the Y-axis, to be able to be positioned in a position-controlled manner.

With the position-regulated H axis 212, the tool cutting edge set WSS with the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be moved in the correction mode on a circular path KB (FIG. 23) around the H axis 212, so that, as shown in FIG. 24, a tool cutting edge position error occurs AWS by swiveling the tool cutter set WSS around the H-axis and thereby the possible tilting of a connecting line VL between the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 into a corrected connecting line VLK, which causes both tool cutting edges WS1 and W2 to make their engagement El and E2K in the following Production mode at both work pieces W1 and W2 generate identical radii RA and RA, whereby in particular the tilting of the connecting line VL is also combined with a shifting of the position of the H-axis 212 in the direction of the X-axis and the Y-axis, for example if the The position of the tool cutting edge WS1 in the central measuring plane MZE is to be maintained so that the connecting line around d he intervention point El can be tilted. A particularly advantageous solution provides that in the machine control 118, in the production mode following the correction mode, the tool correction values AS, DU and DC generated in the correction mode for correcting the system position errors AS and the tool cutting edge position errors AWS for controlling the tool holder 270 or in the machining position 270'i are stored and the machine control 118 thus controls the tool holder 270 or 270'i during the machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 according to the desired workpiece contours to be generated during the machining, the tool cutting edge WS2 necessarily in the same way as the tool cutting edge WS1 is moved and then, when machining the workpiece WS2, the same contour is generated as when machining the workpiece WS1.

In a third embodiment of a tool holder 2702 according to the invention, the base body 280, the support body 282 and the central body 284 are constructed in the same way as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, a further intermediate body 542 and 544 is adjustable in the same way as in the first embodiment by the setting device 302 and the setting device 304 relative to the base body 280 in the direction of the X-axis and the Z-axis Intermediate body 296, designed in the same way as in the preceding exemplary embodiments (FIGS. 25, 26).

The further intermediate bodies 542 and 544 carry cutter carriers 546 and 548, which are provided with receiving elements 552 and 554, in which in particular non-rotating tools extending in the Z direction, for example standing drilling tools, can be inserted.

For this purpose, the receiving elements 552 and 554 are provided with receiving surfaces 562 and 564 which extend coaxially to a central axis 566 and 568, respectively, parallel to the Z axis. The cutter carriers 546, 548 in turn each have a holding attachment 572 which comprises a collar 574 and a cylinder body 578 which extends from the collar 574 in the direction of an end face 576 and which has a respective central axis 566 and 568 of the receiving elements 552 and 554 having a cylindrically extending outer surface 582.

The collar 574 also forms a flange surface 584 protruding radially outward beyond the cylindrical outer surface 582.

The respective cutter carrier 546, 548 sits with the respective holding attachment 572 in a positioning ring 592, which has a cylinder receptacle 594 receiving the cylinder body 578 in the area of its cylindrical outer surface 582 and forms a stop surface 596 on which the flange surface 584 of the holding attachment 572 is supported (Fig . 26).

Furthermore, the positioning ring 592 sits in turn with a cylindrical outer surface 602 in a ring receptacle 604 of the receiving body 606 of the intermediate body 542 and is supported on a support surface 612 surrounding the ring receptacle 604 with a bearing surface 614.

However, as shown in FIG. 27, the cylindrical receptacle 594 and the cylindrical outer surface 602 are not formed coaxially to one another, but rather eccentrically to one another, so that a cylinder axis 616 of the cylindrical outer surface 602 is offset from the central axis 566.

As a result, a rotation of the positioning ring 592 relative to the receiving body 606 causes a displacement of the holding lug 572 rotatably received in this transverse to the Z direction and transversely to the X direction and thus in particular in the Y direction, so that an exact setting of the distance the central axes 566 and 568 is possible. The adjusting ring 592 with the cylindrical receptacle 594 for the respective retaining lug 572 of the respective receiving element 552, 554 and the cylindrical receiving surface 602 arranged eccentrically thereto, which is arranged in the ring receptacle 604 of the receiving body 606, thus represent an adjusting device 624 (Fig. 26) , with which, in the processing position, the distance between the central axes 566 and 568 from one another can be adjusted by moving along a curved adjusting path 626 (FIG. 26).

With a slight movement of the central axes 566, 568, the adjusting path 626 is an adjusting path 626 which runs approximately in a straight line and which runs parallel to the Y direction.

Thus, in the third exemplary embodiment of a tool holder 2702 according to the invention, the tools to be inserted into the receiving elements 552 and 554 can be adjusted by means of three adjusting devices 302, 304 and 624, in that the central axes 566 and 568 each in both the X-direction and the Z-direction as well as can be adjusted relative to one another in the Y-direction.

For the final fixation of the receiving elements positioned in the direction of the adjustment track 626, tensioning screws 632 are provided, which extend parallel to the respective central axis 566 or 568 through the receiving body 606 and engage in threaded bores 634 of the receiving element 552 or 554, which extend from the end face Starting at 566, extend into the retaining lug 572.

The clamping screws 632 are supported with their respective screw heads 634 on the receiving body 606. In this way, the respective holding attachment 572 is acted upon in such a way that the flange surface 584 rests against the stop face 596 of the setting ring 592 under a force and, in turn, the contact face 614 of the setting ring 592 rests against the ring face 612 of the cutting edge carrier body 606 under force and thereby a force-fit fixation of the respective Receiving element 552 or 554 takes place relative to the receiving body 606 and thus relative to the respective intermediate body 542, 544 in the respective position along the adjustment path 626.

Thus, the clamping screws 632 together with the threaded bores 634 and their screw heads 636 supported on the cutter carrier body 606 each form the bracing device 630, which fixes the receiving elements 552 and 554 of the cutter carriers 546 and 548 relative to the respective intermediate body 542, 544.

A fourth embodiment of a tool holder 2703 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 28 to 31.

In this exemplary embodiment, the cutter carriers 662, 664 in the tool holder 2703 are provided with driven tool spindles 672, 674, the tool spindles 672, 674 being driven in a known manner by means of a drive shaft 682 which penetrates the draw-in pin 522 and which has a coupling piece protruding beyond the draw-in pin 522 684 and is rotatably mounted in the base body 280 'and in the draw-in pin 522.

All types of driven tools, in particular milling tools or drilling tools, can be used as tools in these tool spindles 672, 674. The drive shaft 682 drives a drive wheel 692 arranged in the base body 280, which has a toothing 694 that is radial to a shaft axis 686 of the drive shaft 682 and a toothing 696 that is axial with respect to the shaft axis 686, which is designed, for example, in the manner of a crown wheel.

The axial toothing 696 drives a gear 706 seated on an intermediate shaft 702, the intermediate shaft 702 being rotatable about an intermediate shaft axis 704 which runs perpendicular to the shaft axis 686.

A bevel gear 708 is also seated on this intermediate shaft 702, which drives a bevel gear 712, which is connected to the spindle 674 in a rotationally fixed manner, the spindle 674 being mounted in a cutter carrier body 716 so that it can rotate about a spindle axis 714 transverse to the intermediate shaft axis 704.

The cutter carrier body 716, which rotatably supports the spindle 674, forms a retaining ring body 718 which is inserted into a retaining ring receptacle 722 of the central body 284 'of the base body 280'.

The cutter carrier body 716 in turn carries a bearing 732 for mounting the intermediate shaft 702, and the intermediate shaft 702 is also mounted in a support bearing 734 arranged in the central body 284 ', which is supported radially in the central body 284' by means of an insert 736, for example.

The retaining ring body 718 of the cutter carrier 664 and the retaining ring receptacle 722 of the central body 284 'are preferably designed so that the cutter carrier 664 can be mounted in slightly different positions relative to the central body 284' in the direction of the intermediate shaft axis 704, so that the distance between the tool spindle axis 714 and the central body 284 'adjustable within small limits when attaching the cutter carrier 664 The intermediate shaft 702 can be positioned by the bearing 732 together with the cutter carrier 664 in the direction of the intermediate shaft axis 704, which is possible because the axial toothing 696 of the drive wheel 692 is designed in the form of a crown wheel.

The radial toothing of the drive wheel 692 in turn drives an intermediate shaft 742, which is rotatable about an intermediate shaft axis 744, which also extends to the shaft axis 686 and is preferably aligned parallel to the intermediate shaft axis 704.

For the drive, the intermediate shaft 742 carries a crown gear 746 which meshes with the radial toothing 694.

The intermediate shaft 742 also drives a bevel gear 752 of the tool spindle 672 via a bevel gear 748, the tool spindle 672 being rotatable about a tool spindle axis 754 which is aligned parallel to the tool spindle axis 714.

In particular, the tool spindle 672 is mounted in a cutter carrier body 756 of the cutter carrier 662 so as to be rotatable about the tool spindle axis 754.

For example, in this tool holder 2703, the two work tool spindle axes 714 and 754 lie in a tool spindle axis plane 758 which runs perpendicular to the shaft axis 686.

The cutter carrier body 756 is supported by a guide body 762, shown in FIGS. 30 and 31 and connected to the cutter carrier body 756, which engages in a recess 764 of the central body 284 ', the recess 764 having two guide surfaces 766 and 764 running parallel to the shaft axis 686 768, which receive the guide body 762 between them and guide them on outer surfaces 772 and 774, which likewise run parallel to the shaft axis 686. Thus, the guide surfaces 766 and 768 of the central body 284 'together with the outer surfaces 772 and 774 of the guide body 762 form an adjusting device 782, comprising a path guide 784 whose adjusting path 786 is parallel to the shaft axis 686 and thus in the machining position of the tool holder 2703 parallel to the X direction runs.

The positioning and fixing of the guide body 262 together with the cutter carrier body 756 and thus the positioning and fixing of the entire cutter carrier 662 along the adjustment path 786 is carried out by means of a fixing unit and positioning unit 790, which is designed as an adjusting screw which can be rotated relative to the central body 284 'and which moves in the direction of its Screw axis 794 is immovably mounted in the central body 284 'and engages with a threaded section 796 in a threaded bore 798 in the guide body 762, so that by turning the adjusting screw 792 a positioning and fixing of the guide body 762 and the cutter support body 756 firmly connected to it and thus the entire Cutter carrier 662 along the adjustment path 786 is possible.

The intermediate shaft 742 is supported by means of a bearing 802 relative to the cutter carrier body 756 and by means of a bearing 804 relative to the guide body 762, so that when the cutter carrier body 756 is displaced along the adjustment path 786, the intermediate shaft 742 is simultaneously displaced.

This displacement of the intermediate shaft 742 along the adjustment path 786 relative to the radial toothing 694 of the drive wheel 692 is possible because the intermediate shaft 742 is provided with the crown gear 746 for drive, which can be shifted relative to the radial toothing 694. In the case of the tool holder 270 ₃ , only the cutter carrier 662 is therefore adjustable relative to the base body 280 of the tool holder 2703 in the machining position in the X direction, while the cutter carrier 664 cannot be adjusted in the X direction, but in different relative positions in the Y direction can be positioned relative to the central body 284 ', so that overall there is the possibility of positioning the tool spindle axes 714 and 754 relative to one another both in the X direction and in the Y direction.

A fifth embodiment of a tool holder 2704 according to the invention, shown in FIG. 32, is based on the first embodiment of the tool holder according to the invention and also has the base body 280, on whose central body 284 the cutter carriers 292 and 294 are arranged.

However, the cutter carriers 292 and 294 sit directly on the central body 284, that is, the support bodies 282 are omitted.

In this case, the cutter carriers 292 and 294 are not adjustable relative to the central body 284 with an adjustment device, but are fixedly connected to it, for example by means of the bracing elements 492, the cutter carriers 292 and 294 being fixed relative to the central body 284 by a force fit.

Due to the omitted intermediate body 296, the distance AE 'of the engagement points El and E2 is significantly smaller than the distance AE in the first embodiment of the tool holder 270i, so that the two cutting tools WS1, WS2 cannot be used on both workpieces W1 and W2 at the same time .

Rather, as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the tool holder 2704 is used for asynchronous machining or individual machining of the workpieces W1 and W2. For example, the workpiece W1 is first machined with the tool cutting edge WS1, so that the point of contact El of the tool cutting edge WS1 runs through a defined sequence of relative positions to the reference point RI when machining the workpiece W1, which on the one hand are at varying distances AX1 and show varying distances AZ2 (Fig. 32).

At the same time, the tool cutting edge WS2 is inactive; it is preferably located between the two workpieces W1 and W2 due to the reduced distance AE '.

In this case, the machine tool works in such a way that the machine control 118 has correction parameters for the tool cutting edge WS1, which make it possible to position the position of the tool cutting edge WS1 relative to the reference point RI so that exactly the sequence defined by changing distances AZ1 and AX1 of relative positions during the intended processing step for the contour to be produced of the workpiece W1 is traversed.

After the machining of the workpiece W1 with the tool cutting edge WS1, there is a change to the machining of the workpiece W2 by the tool cutting edge WS2 (FIG. 33). In this case, correction parameters are also provided for the tool cutting edge WS2, which position the tool cutting edge WS2, such as 33, for the same machining step as was carried out for the workpiece W1, for the workpiece W2 relative to the reference point R2, so that in exactly the same period of time the for the identical contour of the workpiece W2 due to the changing distances AZ2 and AX2 defined sequence of relative positions are run through in exactly the same time sequence as for workpiece W1, so that after machining workpiece W1 with tool cutting edge WS1 and workpiece W2 with tool cutting edge WS2, workpieces W1 and W2 have exactly the same shape. With such an individual machining, the advantage is that any errors in the positioning of the engagement points El and E2 to the respective reference points RI and R2, which can occur during synchronous machining, are eliminated and that there are separate correction parameters for the relative movements of each tool cutting edge WS1 and W2 can be used to control the movement of the tool carrier 182 relative to the spindle set 30.

For example, the workpieces W1 and W2 are pre-machined as synchronous machining by means of a tool holder 270i and, for example, asynchronous or individual machining is carried out with the tool holder 2704 for high-precision final machining.

The advantage of single machining compared to a single-spindle machine is that the piece times are reduced compared to the single-spindle machine, since even a change from machining the workpiece W1 to machining the workpiece W1 can only be achieved by quickly moving the tool carrier 182 over a short distance is.

Furthermore, for each of the workpieces W1 and W2 a tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 assigned to it is available, so that when the same number of workpieces W1, W2 are machined within a predetermined period of time, the wear of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 is lower.

In a second exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention, shown in FIG. 34, those elements which are identical to those of the first exemplary embodiment are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference can be made in full to the explanations relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, in the second exemplary embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention, the tool carrier 182 'facing the first spindle set 30 is provided with a turret head 202' which can be rotated about a turret axis 212 'which is parallel to the spindle axis plane 42, but transversely, in particular perpendicular to the spindle axis center plane 222 of the set 30 of workpiece spindle units 32, 34.

Furthermore, the tool carrier 186 'is designed such that a turret axis 216 of the turret head 206 runs parallel to the spindle set center planes 222, 224 and transversely to the spindle axis planes 42, 92, the turret 206' lying in the vertical direction above the turret housing 196 "and thus can be used both on the main spindle set 30 and on the counter spindle set 80 with the tools held therein.

In contrast to this, the tool carrier 184 is designed unchanged relative to the first exemplary embodiment.

Otherwise, those elements which are identical to the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference symbols, so that in this regard reference can be made to the statements relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In a third embodiment (FIG. 37) the tool carrier 182 '"is provided with two non-rotatably coupled turret heads 802 and 804, which are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their station for tool holder 270, as shown in FIG. 38, is offset angularly from one another are, which corresponds to 180 ° divided by the number of stations per turret 802 and 804, so that the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 of the tool holder 270 of the two turret heads 802, 804 on the workpieces For example, the spindle set 30 can be used alternately, with a change from the tool holders 270 of one of the turret heads 802, 804 to the tool holders 270 of the other of the turret heads 804, 802 by shifting the tool carrier 182 "'in the Z direction.

In particular, the turret heads 802 and 804 are designed in the form of regular pentagons in order to obtain a sufficiently large offset of the tool holders 270.

Otherwise, those elements which are identical to the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference symbols, so that in this regard reference can be made to the explanations relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In a fourth exemplary embodiment (FIG. 39) the tool carrier 186 '' 'of the machine tool is designed as a linear tool carrier with a tool carrier head 812 which, for example, has tool sets 812 and 814 or 816 and 818 assigned to each of the spindle sets 30 and 80, which by a movement of a tool carrier head 810 can be used alternately in the Y direction for synchronous machining, with the tool carrier head being able to experience a displacement in the X, Y and Z directions, depending on which one is used, for machining the workpieces W1 and W2 received in the respective spindle sets 30 and 80 Contour is to be generated on the workpieces.

In particular, the tool carrier head 810 is additionally provided, for example for each tool, with a milling spindle 822 which drives only this tool and which can be easily installed and driven in a linear tool carrier. Otherwise, those elements which are identical to the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference symbols, so that in this regard reference can be made to the statements relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In a fifth embodiment (FIG. 40), the tool carrier 186 '' 'is designed as a milling spindle 832, which drives a single milling tool 834 with high drive power, which is then used on the workpieces of the spindle sets 30 and 80 for individual machining.

For this purpose, the milling spindle 832 can be moved linearly in the X, Y and Z directions and rotated about a B axis, so that the milling tool 834 can be used both on the workpieces in the spindle set 30 and on the workpieces in the spindle set 80 .

In a sixth exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 41 to 48, those elements which are identical to those of the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference numerals, so that with regard to the detailed description of the same, the first and the further preceding exemplary embodiment are fully applicable Can be referenced.

In particular, the spindle carriers 22 and 72 and the spindle receiving bodies 24 and 74 with the spindle sets 30 and 80 are designed in an identical manner to the first embodiment and are also arranged in an identical manner on the machine bed body. In addition, the spindle axes 36 and 38 as well as 86 and 88 are arranged in the respective spindle axis plane 42 and 92 in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment.

Because, controlled by the machine control 118, the spindle carrier 72 with the spindle receiving body 74 can be moved in the Z direction towards the spindle carrier 22 and the spindle receiving body 24 and that the first spindle axis 36 and the second spindle axis 38 of the first spindle set 30 are arranged coaxially to the first spindle axis 86 or to the second spindle axis 88 of the second spindle set, it is possible to use the spindle set 30 as the main spindle set and in this to machine the workpieces W1 and W2 on a front side, then the first workpiece spindle unit 82 and the second work piece spindle unit 84 of the spindle set 80 in the spindle receiving body 74, so that the spindle set 80 is used as a counter spindle set in which a rear side of the workpieces W1 and W2 is machined.

In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, however, the machine control 118 uses the tool carrier 182, for example comprising the turret housing 192 and the turret head 202, which is rotatable about the turret axis 212, only for machining the workpiece W1 in the first workpiece spindle unit 32, with the tool carrier 182 is equipped with at least one tool, represented by a tool holder 270 and a tool cutting edge WS1, usually with several tools, which, controlled by the machine control 118, are used one after the other to machine the workpiece W1 in the first workpiece spindle unit 32.

For the sake of simplicity, the description of the machining of the workpiece W1 is representative only by means of the tool cutting edge WS1, a plurality of tools usually being used one after the other with tool cutting edges assigned to them on the workpiece W1. In the same way, the tool carrier 186 is controlled by the machine control 118 in such a way that it interacts as a second tool carrier with the second workpiece spindle unit 34 of the spindle set 30, the second tool carrier 186 also for this purpose including, for example, a turret housing 196 with a turret head 206 that can be rotated relative to this , which is rotatable about the turret axis 216.

At least one tool, represented by a tool holder 270 and a tool cutting edge WS2, is also provided in the second tool carrier 186, with several tools also usually being arranged on the turret head 206, which are used one after the other with their tool cutting edges WS2.

For reasons of a simplified explanation of the machining, these several tools are not shown and in the explanation of the function reference is only made to the use of the tool with the tool holder 270 and the tool cutting edge WS2.

In this sixth exemplary embodiment, the first tool carrier 182 and the second tool carrier 186 can thus be moved independently of one another by means of the machine control 118, the machine control 118 using a first part program TI for the controlled movement of the first tool cutting edge WS1 of the first tool carrier 182 and for the controlled movement of the second tool cutting edge WS2 of the second tool carrier 186 has a second parts program T2 (FIG. 45).

Thus, as shown in FIG. 44, there is the possibility of the first tool cutting WS1 relative to the first workpiece W1 and the second tool cutting WS2 relative to the workpiece W2 in the measuring infeed plane MZE1 running through the respective spindle axis 36 or 38 and perpendicular to the spindle axis plane 42 or MZE2 to be moved independently of one another, so that in the course of a measurement processing according to For each of the part programs TI, T2 for each of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 with the measuring devices MV1 and MV2, the deviations from the actual workpiece dimensions can be recorded and the positions and movements of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be corrected independently of one another using tool corrections WK1 and WK2 so that when the tool offsets WK1 and WK2 are taken into account in the part programs TI and T2, both the first workpiece W1 and the second workpiece W2 have the desired workpiece dimensions after machining within the scope of the machining accuracy.

Synchronous machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 in this case requires the machine control 118 to be provided with a first part program TIS for controlling the first tool carrier 182 and a second part program T2S for controlling the second tool carrier 186, the part programs TIS and T2S and the workpiece cutting edges WS1 and WS2 are identical, but each of the part programs TIS and T2S generally has different tool offset data WK1 and WK2, which were determined in connection with the measurement machining (FIG. 45).

In this way, during synchronous machining, identical machining can be carried out on workpieces W1 and W2, and thus identical parts can be produced.

This also has the consequence that each of the part programs TIS and T2S runs in each case during an essentially identical processing period BZ1 or BZ2.

In order to machine the workpieces W1 and W2 as efficiently as possible, provision is also made for the machine control 118 to synchronize at least the start of the part programs TIS and T2S, so that due to the identical machining periods BZ1 and BZ2 of both workpieces W1 and W2, a The main machining period HBZ for both workpieces W1 and W2 in the spindle set 30 used as the main spindle set is identical to the machining times BZ1 and BZ2, and optimum efficiency is achieved when machining the workpieces W1 and W2 in the spindle unit 30.

After the synchronous machining of the front side of the workpieces W1 and W2, these are transferred from the main spindle set 30 to the counter spindle set 80 for rear side machining.

For this purpose, for example, for synchronous machining in the tool carrier 184 on the same tool holder, the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 are provided, which are designed and used as described in connection with the preceding exemplary embodiments.

For this purpose, the parts program TRS shown in Fig. 45 is provided, which controls the movements of the tool carrier 184 so that both workpieces W1 and W2 are machined at the same time and the counter-machining period GBZ lasts a maximum of the same length as the main machining period HBZ in order to maximize efficiency in part machining to reach.

47, based on synchronous machining of the work pieces W1 and W2 in the spindle set 30 with the part programs TIS and T2S, there is also the possibility of arranging and using the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 on the tool carrier 184 in a manner suitable for asynchronous machining, as also in Described in connection with the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 47, a parts program TRA is provided for asynchronous machining, which is used once for machining the workpiece W1 and then for machining the workpiece W2, the parts program TRA when machining the workpiece W1 works with tool offset WKR1 and then when machining workpiece W2 with tool offset WKR2 and the Processing period BZR1 for processing the workpiece W1 and the processing period BZR2 for processing the workpiece W2 are kept so short that the sum of these results in a counter processing period GBZ, which corresponds at most to the main processing period HBZ, in order to maintain the efficiency in the processing.

With the solution according to the invention, however, due to the fact that the first tool carrier 182 and the second tool carrier 186 can be moved independently of one another by the machine control 118, there is the possibility of using different part programs TU and T2I for controlling the first tool carrier 182 and the second tool carrier 186 and possibly also use different tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in order to produce different, in particular slightly different, parts when machining the workpieces W1 and W2 (FIG. 48).

For example, in comparison to the second fully machined part TE2, the first fully machined part TE1 can have not only the recess ESI, but also an additional recess ES2 that is not present in the second part TE2, or it is conceivable that the first part TE1 still has has an additional bore BO or a corresponding additional cutout (FIG. 49).

This does not necessarily mean that the part programs TU and T2I run during different processing periods BZ1 and BZ2, but different processing periods BZ1 and BZ2 increase flexibility, whereby the differences in processing periods BZ1 and BZ2 are usefully less than a third of the longest of the processing periods , in this case the machining period BZ1, in order to ensure that the efficiency in the machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 by the different part programs TU and T2I does not deteriorate too much. Due to the usually different machining periods BZ1 and BZ2 in individual machining, the main machining period HBZ on the spindle set 30 used as the main spindle set is at least as large as the longest of the machining periods BZ1 or BZ2, with the machine control 118 starting the parts program T2I, which has the shorter machining time BZ2 that this runs completely overlapping in time with the machining period BZ1 in order to make the main machining period HBZ in the spindle set 30 used as the main spindle set as short as possible.

In connection with the individual processing, it was not discussed in more detail which tools are used.

For example, the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be identical, but it is also conceivable to use different tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in connection with different part programs TU and T2I.

When different tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 are mentioned in this regard, they are representative of individual tool cutting edges of a complete set of tools that are provided on both the first tool carrier 182 and the second tool carrier 186 and are processed by the respective parts program TU or T2I of the respective workpiece W1 or W2 can be used.

In any case, the tool offsets WK1 and WK2 are determined both in the case of identical tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 and in the case of different tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 before the individual processing in connection with a measurement processing. When machining the back of the workpieces W1 and W2, for example, in the sixth exemplary embodiment, synchronous machining, as explained in connection with FIG. 45, is carried out with the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2, as, for example, in connection with the first exemplary embodiment of the machine tool and the various exemplary embodiments the tool holder according to the invention was described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 31, or asynchronous machining as described in connection with FIGS. 32 and 33 of the first exemplary embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention and the tools provided for this purpose and explained in connection with FIG. 47 .

However, there is also the possibility of individual machining when using two tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 on the second tool carrier 184, arranged as in asynchronous machining, which is also shown in FIG. 48.

For this purpose, the part programs TR1I and TR2I that run one after the other for the control of the tool carrier 184 are different, for example the part program TR1I controls the movements of the tool cutting edge WS1 and the part program TR2I controls the movements of the tool cutting edge WS2, and both part programs require different machining periods BZR1 and BZR2, which however, run in such a way that they expire within the counter processing period GBZ, which corresponds at most to the main processing period HBZ.

In a seventh exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 50 to 58, reference is made in full to the first exemplary embodiment and the other preceding exemplary embodiments, the same parts also being provided with the same reference characters and, for the rest, in particular to the sixth Embodiment referenced. As in the sixth embodiment, in the seventh embodiment, the first tool carrier 182 is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit 32 of the spindle set 30 and the second tool carrier 186 is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit 34, the first tool carrier 182, in the same way as explained in detail in the sixth embodiment. the tool cutting edge WS1 and the second tool carrier carrying the tool cutting edge WS2, so that, controlled by the machine control 118 with the first tool carrier 182 and the first tool cutting edge WS1, the first workpiece W1 is machined in the first workpiece spindle unit 32 and with the second tool carrier 186 and the second tool cutting edge WS2 machining of the workpiece W2 in the second workpiece spindle unit 34 of the spindle set 30 takes place.

As also described in detail in connection with the sixth exemplary embodiment, this can be synchronous machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 (FIG. 45), in which the two tool carriers 182 and 186 have identical tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 and these with identical part programs TIS and T2S, however, as a rule different tool offsets WK1 and WK2 are controlled by the machine control 118, the machining periods BZ1 and BZ2 being identical, at least essentially identical, in the same way as explained in connection with the sixth exemplary embodiment, and the part programs TIS and T2S on the part of the machine control 118 are synchronized with one another in order to ensure that the part programs TIS and T2S run simultaneously with one another (FIGS. 45 and 47). But there is also the possibility, as also described in connection with the sixth embodiment, to carry out an individual machining and to move the tool carriers 182 and 186 and the tool cutting WS1 and WS2 on the part of the machine control 118 by means of different part programs TU and T2I in order to move different , preferably to produce slightly different parts TE1 and TE2 from the work pieces W1 and W2 (Fig. 48).

In contrast to the sixth exemplary embodiment, it is provided in the seventh exemplary embodiment that the third tool carrier 184 assigned to the workpiece spindles 82 and 84 of the spindle set 80 used as a counter spindle set has only one tool cutting edge WSR1, the first workpiece W1 received in the first workpiece spindle 82 and the second in the second Workpiece spindle 84 machined workpiece W2 received on its rear side.

On the one hand, there is the possibility of the machine control 118 using the same parts program TRI for both workpiece W1 and workpiece W2 when machining the back and thus generating identical contours on workpieces W1 and W2 (FIG. 56), with different ones in particular Tool offset data WKR1 and WKR2 due to the use of the first and second workpiece spindle units 82, 84 are necessary.

However, there is also the option of using the same tool cutting edge WSR1 on both workpiece W1 and workpiece W2 when machining the rear side, but in connection with different part programs TRI and TR2, so that the part program TRI with the same tool cutting edge WSR1 generates a different contour on workpiece W1 as the part program TR2 with the tool edge WSR1 on the workpiece W2 (Fig. 57). As an alternative to this, there is also the option of using different tool cutting edges WSR1 and WSR2 on workpiece W1 or workpiece W2 when machining the rear, in order to use different part programs TRI and TR2 and the different tool cutting edges WSR1 and WSR2 to have different contours on the rear of workpieces W1 and W2 as shown in FIG. 58.

In all cases, however, in the seventh exemplary embodiment, when machining the back with the tool cutting edges WSR1, WSR2 and the part programs TRI, TR2, the machining periods BZR1 and BZR2 must be selected so that after machining the workpieces W1 and W2, the sum of these results in a counter-machining period GBZ, which corresponds at most to the main processing period HBZ.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. A machine tool comprising a machine frame (10), at least one spindle set (30) arranged on the machine frame (10) with a first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second workpiece spindle unit (34) which, with their spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88 ) are aligned parallel to one another as well as lying next to one another at a distance and on the same side of a working space (60), in particular rigidly relative to one another, and which each include workpiece holders (52, 54) facing the working space (60), and furthermore comprising at least one on the Machine frame (10) arranged, tools with tool cutters (WS1, WS2) carrying tool carriers (182, 186), the spindle set (30) and the tool carrier (182, 186) relative to one another along at least one movement axis (X, Y, Z) of the Machine tool, in particular by means of a machine controller (118), can be moved in a controlled manner in order to work arranged in the workpiece receptacles (52, 54) of the spindle set (30) to process pieces (Wl, W2), characterized in that at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS), comprising at least one first (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2), is arranged on the tool carrier (182, 186), that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that the first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the second tool cutting edge (WS2 ) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) and that in a machining position of the tool cutter set (WS1, WS2) the implementation of the synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) accommodated in the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit ( 32,

34) has the same relative position within specified machining tolerances.

2. Machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 or according to claim 1, characterized in that a first tool cutter (WS1) of at least one tool cutter set (WSS) on a first tool carrier (182) cooperating with the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second one The tool cutter (WS2) of the at least one tool cutter set (WSS) is arranged on a second tool carrier (186) that interacts with the second workpiece spindle unit (34) and is movable in particular independently of the first tool carrier (182). W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that the first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the second workpiece spindle unit (34 ) is assigned and that in a machining position of the tool cutter data set (WS1, WS2) when performing the synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) accommodated in the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) in a production mode according to a specified parts program, each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) relative to the respective reference point (RI , R2) of the respective workpiece spindle units (32, 34) has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

3. Machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during synchronous machining, the two tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged at a distance from one another in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their infeed direction (X) corresponds at least approximately to a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

4. Machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is greater than a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

5. Machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is smaller than a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

6. Machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is equal to the distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

7. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for synchronous machining the tool cutting (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) in the direction of their feed direction (X) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) that they stand at least approximately at the same distance from a spindle axis plane (42) in which the two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) lie.

8. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for synchronous machining, the tool cutting (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) in the direction of their feed direction (X) are arranged on the respective tool carriers (182, 184, 186) that they are at least approximately the same distance from a spindle axis plane (42) in which the two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) lie.

9. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it connects the tool carrier (182, 184, 188) with the tool cutting set (WSS) in the processing position in the infeed direction (X) of the Tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) moved in the direction of the work pieces (Wl, W2) recorded in the spindle set (30, 80) according to a selected part program.

10. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed in such a way that it connects the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 188) with the respective tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set in the machining position (WSS) in the feed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the direction of the workpieces (Wl,

W2) moved according to a selected part program.

11. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it, in particular before executing the production mode, in a measuring mode, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) according to the selected part program moves towards the respective workpieces (W1, W2) in the infeed direction (X) and carries out a measurement processing specified by the selected part program.

12. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32,

34) is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and this selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program.

13. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring mode the relative position of each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32,

34) is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and this respective tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled according to the selected part program during synchronous machining.

14. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in a measuring feed plane running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) (MZE) moves.

15. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) in the measuring mode each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in a measuring feed plane running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) (MZE) moves.

16. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it, in particular before executing the production mode, in a correction mode with the after termination of the measurement mode on the workpieces (Wl, W2) and detected The workpiece dimensions generated during the measurement machining are corrected by at least one tool correction, the alignment of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are within the specified machining tolerances Use the selected part program to generate the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces (Wl, W2) in the following production modes.

17. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it, in particular before executing the production mode, in a correction mode with the after termination of the measurement mode on the workpieces (Wl, W2) and detected workpiece dimensions generated during measurement processing by at least a tool correction corrects the alignment of the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) within the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program in the following production modes produce the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces (Wl, W2).

18. Machine tool according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting (WS1, WS2) with a component transversely, in particular perpendicular to the infeed direction (X), spindle axis plane (42).

19. Machine tool according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) along a linear axis (Y) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X).

20. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component in the infeed direction (X).

21. Machine tool according to claim 20, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement along a linear axis (X) with a component in the feed direction (X).

22. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool correction is a rotation of the tool carrier (182, 189, 186) about an axis plane parallel to the spindle (42), in particular parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) Includes extending axis of rotation.

23. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis (212) of a tool carrier (182, 184, 186) designed as a tool turret.

24. Machine tool according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the axis of rotation is an axis of rotation (212) which is position-regulated by the machine controller (118).

25. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it changes the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the correction mode at least in one direction transverse to the measuring infeed plane (MZE).

26. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed such that it changes the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the correction mode in the direction parallel to the measuring infeed plane (MZE).

27. Machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least one tool cutter set (WSS), comprising at least one first tool cutter (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2), is arranged so that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry and the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the at least one second workpiece cutting edge (WS2) of the second workpiece spindle unit (34 ) is assigned, and that with the Execution of an asynchronous machining in every machining position the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) in the direction of at least one movement axis (Y) of the machine tool different relative positions to the respective reference point ( RI, R2).

28. Machine tool according to claim 27, characterized in that the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) or the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) by a setting movement of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) alternately in a processing position relative to the respective to be processed Workpiece (WS1, WS2) are movable.

29. Machine tool according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) passes through the same relative positions in its respective machining position relative to the reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34).

30. Machine tool according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) has the same orientation in its respective machining position relative to at least one of the movement axes (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool.

31. Machine tool according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that during asynchronous machining the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) run in a direction transverse to the spindle axes (36, 38) of the spindle set (30) Direction (Y) relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) have different relative positions.

32. Machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) with their spindle axes (36, 38) have a spindle axis plane (42) extending through the two spindle axes (36, 38) ), which runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the at least one movement axis (X) of the machine tool.

33. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, in particular a further, movement axis (Y, Z) of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axis plane (42).

34. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one, in particular a further, movement axis (Z) of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38).

35. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of tool cutting edge sets (WSS) are arranged on the at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186), in particular for performing synchronous machining and / or asynchronous machining.

36. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186) is designed as a tool turret which has a turret head (202, 204, 206) which, relative to a turret housing (192, 194, 196) is rotatable about a turret axis (212, 214, 216).

37. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) transversely to an axis plane (42) lying centrally between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) and perpendicular to the spindle. extending spindle set center plane (222).

38. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) is parallel to a center between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) and perpendicular to the spindle axis plane (42) extending spindle set center plane (222).

39. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) runs transversely to the spindle axis plane (42).

40. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) runs parallel to the spindle axis plane (42).

41. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool carrier is designed as a linear tool carrier (186 "').

42. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool carrier is provided with at least one tool spindle (822, 832).

43. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool carrier (182 "", 186 "") can be pivoted in a position-controlled manner about a pivot axis (B, H).

44. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) comprise motor spindles.

45. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) are of identical design.

46. Machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) within a spindle set is in the range from 1.5 to 3 times a maximum workpiece diameter of this workpiece spindle unit (32, 34).

47. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34, 82, 84) of the spindle set (30, 80) are arranged in a common spindle receiving body (24, 74).

48. Machine tool according to claim 46 or 47, characterized in that the spindle receiving body (24, 74) is tempered by a temperature control medium.

49. Machine tool according to claim 48, characterized in that the spindle receiving body (24, 74) has a cooling channel system (152) through which the temperature control medium flows.

50. Machine tool according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that the temperature control medium keeps the spindle receiving body (24, 74) in a defined temperature range.

51. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spindle axes (36, 38) of the spindle set (30) run essentially horizontally.

52. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the tool cutting set are each arranged on a common tool holder (270).

53. Machine tool according to claim 52, characterized in that the tool holder (270) is detachably mounted on the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186).

54. Machine tool according to claim 52 or 53, characterized in that the tool holder (270) is mounted so as to be oriented in a defined manner relative to the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) by form-fitting elements (526, 528).

55. Machine tool according to claim 54, characterized in that the form-locking elements (526, 528) are effective between a support surface (262) of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) and a support surface of the tool holder (270).

56. Machine tool according to claim 54 or 55, characterized in that the form-fit elements (526, 528) provide a defined orientation of the tool holder (270) relative to the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in three spatial directions running transversely to one another.

57. Machine tool according to one of claims 52 to 56, characterized in that the tool holder (270) is provided with at least one holding pin (522) which engages in a holding pin receptacle (524) of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186).

58. Machine tool according to claim 57, characterized in that the holding pin (522) with the holding receptacle (524) holds the interlocking elements (526, 528) in engagement.

59. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the first and second tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) can be positioned in a defined manner in different positions relative to the tool carrier.

60. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the first and second tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) can be adjusted relative to the tool carrier by means of at least one adjusting device (302, 304, 622).

61. Machine tool according to claim 59 or 60, characterized in that the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in the processing position in the infeed direction (X) can be predefined or set in a defined manner with an adjusting device (304).

62. Machine tool according to one of claims 59 to 61, characterized in that the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in the machining position in the direction parallel to the spindle axes (36,

38) can be specified or set in a defined manner.

63. Machine tool according to one of claims 59 to 62, characterized in that both the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) can be positioned in a defined manner relative to the tool carrier or by means of at least one setting device (302, 304 , 622) is adjustable.

64. Machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine frame (10) has a machine bed body (16) which rises above a standing surface (12) and the one with at least one component in has the vertical direction extending front side (26), in front of which the work space (60) is arranged.

65. Machine tool according to claim 64, characterized in that the spindle set (30) is arranged in front of the front side (26) of the machine bed body (16).

66. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a spindle axis plane (42) of the respective spindle set (30) runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the front side (26).

67. Machine tool according to one of claims 64 to 66, characterized in that a spindle receiving body (24) of the spindle set (30) is held stationary on the machine bed body (16).

68. Machine tool according to one of claims 64 to 67, characterized in that the spindle receiving body (74) of the spindle set (80) is arranged on a slide movable parallel to the spindle axes (86, 88) and with this guide slide (112) relative to the machine bed body (16) is movable.

69. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one spindle set (30) represents a main spindle set (30) and that another spindle set represents a counter spindle set (80), and that the main spindle set (30) and the counter spindle set (80) are arranged on opposite sides of the work space (60), in each case with the workpiece holders (52, 54, 102, 104) facing this.

70. Machine tool according to claim 69, characterized in that at least two tool carriers (182, 184, 186) are provided on the machine frame (10), one of the tool carriers (182,

184) at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (Wl, W2) of the main spindle set (30) and another of the tool carriers (184) at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (Wl, W2) in the counter spindle set (80).

71. Machine tool according to claim 69 or 70, characterized in that at least two tool carriers (182, 184, 186) are provided on the machine frame (10), one of the tool carriers (182, 184) having at least one set of tool cutting edges ( WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (Wl, W2) of the main spindle set (30) and another of the tool carriers (184) has at least one set of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (Wl, W2) in the counter spindle set (80 ) having.

72. Machine tool according to one of claims 69 or 71, characterized in that at least one of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) has several sets of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for the main spindle set (30).

73. Machine tool according to one of claims 69 to 72, characterized in that at least one of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) has several sets of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for the counter spindle set (80).

74. Machine tool according to one of claims 69 to 73, characterized in that at least the main spindle set (30) or the counter spindle set (80) in the direction parallel to their spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) relative to one another, in particular also relative to the machine frame (10), is movable.

75. Machine tool according to one of claims 69 to 74, characterized in that at least the main spindle set (30) or the counter spindle set (80) can be moved to the respective other spindle set (30) to such an extent that, in particular, a transfer of workpieces (Wl, W2 ) from workpiece holders (52, 54) of one spindle set (30, 80) can be carried out directly into the workpiece holders (52, 54) of the other spindle set (30).

76. Machine tool according to one of claims 69 to 75, characterized in that the main spindle set (30) and the counter spindle set (80) are arranged in front of the front side of the machine bed body (16).

77. Machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 or according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that tool carriers (182, 186) are arranged on the machine frame (10), which are designed so that at least two on the one spindle set (30) can be used, and that a first (182) of the tool carriers (182, 186) is used for the workpiece (Wl) received in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (Wl) and that a second (186) the tool carrier (182, 186) is used for the workpiece (W2) received in the second workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (W2).

78. Machine tool according to claim 77, characterized in that the first tool carrier (182) and the second tool carrier (186) are arranged on opposite sides of a spindle axis plane (42) in which the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30 ) lie.

79. Machine tool according to claim 77 or 78, characterized in that the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) can be moved independently of one another in the direction of an infeed axis (X axis).

80. Machine tool according to one of claims 77 to 79, characterized in that the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) can be moved independently of one another in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) parallel to the spindle axes of the spindle set (30).

81. Machine tool according to one of claims 77 to 80, characterized in that the first tool carrier (182) during a first machining period (BZ1) on the first workpiece (Wl) and the second tool carrier (186) during a second machining period (BZ2) on the second Workpiece (W2) is used.

82. Machine tool according to claim 81, characterized in that the first processing period (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) overlap with one another in time.

83. Machine tool according to claim 81 or 82, characterized in that the shorter of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) completely overlaps with the longer of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

84. Machine tool according to Claims 81 to 83, characterized in that the first (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) have an identical duration.

85. Machine tool according to one of claims 77 to 84, characterized in that the machine control (118) with the first tool carrier (182) on the workpiece (Wl) accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) carries out machining according to a first partial program (TI) executes and that the machine control (118) with the second tool carrier (186) executes machining according to a second part program (T2) on the workpiece (WZ) accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit (34).

86. Machine tool according to claim 85, characterized in that the first and the second part program (TI, T2) are identical.

87. Machine tool according to claim 85, characterized in that the first (TI) and the second (T2) part program differ.

88. Machine tool according to claim 86 or 87, characterized in that the first and the second part program (TI, T2) run at least in a temporally overlapping manner.

89. Machine tool according to one of claims 85 to 88, characterized in that the first and the second part program (TI, T2) run during a main machining period (HBZ).

90. Machine tool according to one of claims 85 to 89, characterized in that the first part program (TI) runs during a first processing period (BZ1).

91. Machine tool according to one of claims 85 to 90, characterized in that the second part program (T2) runs during a second processing period (BZ2).

92. Machine tool according to claim 90 or 91, characterized in that the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) have an identical duration.

93. Machine tool according to claim 90 or 91, characterized in that the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) differ in their duration.

94. Machine tool according to claim 93, characterized in that the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) differ by a maximum of a third, preferably a maximum of a quarter, better a maximum of a fifth and even better a maximum of a tenth of the longest of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

95. Machine tool according to one of claims 90 to 94, characterized in that the first and the second processing period (BZ1, BZ2) lie within the main processing period (HBZ).

96. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for machining the first workpiece (Wl) at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first tool carrier (182) and for machining the second workpiece (W2) at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the second tool carrier (182) is used.

97. Machine tool according to claim 96, characterized in that the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are each equipped with tools (WS1, WS2) with identical tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2).

98. Machine tool according to claim 95 or 96, characterized in that the first and the second tool carrier (182, 186) are equipped with tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) which differ in at least one of the tool cutting edges.

99. Machine tool according to one of claims 96 to 98, characterized in that each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the first tool carrier (182) and of the second tool carrier (186) is assigned its own tool correction data (WK1, WK2).

100. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spindle set (30) to which the first and second tool carriers (152, 186) are assigned is a main spindle set (30) to which a counter spindle set (80) is assigned.

101. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a third tool carrier (184), which is provided for use on the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80), is arranged on the machine frame (10).

102. Machine tool according to claim 101, characterized in that at least one tool cutter is provided on the third tool carrier (184) for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) arranged in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80).

103. Machine tool according to one of claims 100 to 102, characterized in that machining of both workpieces (Wl, W2) accommodated in the counter spindle set (30) takes place during a counter machining period (GBZ), the duration of which is a maximum of the duration of the main machining period (HBZ) corresponds to.

104. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one tool cutting edge is provided on the third tool carrier (184) for individual machining of the workpieces (W1, W2) received in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80).

105. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) can be moved independently of the others at least in the direction of an infeed axis (X axis).

106. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in the direction of an axis (Y-axis) of the machine tool running transversely to the respective infeed axis (X-axis) (10) can be moved independently of one another.

107. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third tool carrier can be moved in the direction of an axis (Y-axis) of the machine tool (10) running transversely to the respective infeed axis (X-axis).

108. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter-spindle set (80) can be moved in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) of the machine tool (10) parallel to the spindle axis.

109. A method for operating a machine tool, comprising a machine frame (10), a first spindle set (30) arranged on the machine frame (10) with two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) aligned parallel to one another, as well as lying next to one another and at a distance workpiece spindle units (32, 34) arranged on the same side of a work space (60), in particular rigidly relative to one another, each having workpiece holders (52, 54, 102, 104) facing the work space (60), and further comprising at least one on the Machine frame (10) arranged, tool cutters (WS1, WS2) having tool carrier (182, 184, 186), the spindle set (30) and the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to one another along at least one axis of movement (X, Y , Z) of the machine tool are moved by means of a machine control (118) in order to machine workpieces (W1, W2) arranged in the workpiece receiving units of the spindle set (30), thereby identified draws that for Machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) received in the spindle set (30) on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS) comprising at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining the workpiece (Wl) held therein and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held in this is assigned that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutter (WS2) have an identical cutter geometry that in a machining position of the tool cutter set (WSS) during synchronous machining in a production mode according to a predetermined part program, each of the tool cutting edges (Wl, W2) r relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances

110. Method according to the preamble of claim 109 or according to

109, characterized in that a first tool cutter (WS1) on a first tool carrier (182) cooperating with the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second tool cutter (WS2) on a second tool carrier (34) cooperating with the second workpiece spindle unit (34). 186) is arranged that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining the workpiece (Wl) held in it and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) the second workpiece spindle unit (34) for machining the workpiece (W1, W2) held therein is assigned that the at least one first and the at least a second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that in a machining position of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) during synchronous machining in a production mode according to a predetermined part program (TI, T2) each of the tool cutting edges (Wl, W2) is relative to the respective reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32,

34) has the same relative position within specified machining tolerances.

111. The method according to claim 109 or 110, characterized in that during synchronous machining the two tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged at a distance (AE) from one another in the direction transverse, in particular perpendicular, to their infeed direction (X) which at least approximately corresponds to a distance (AS) between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88).

112. The method according to claim 111, characterized in that the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is greater than a distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88 ) is selected.

113. The method according to claim 111, characterized in that the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is smaller than a distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88 ) is selected.

114. The method according to claim 111, characterized in that the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is equal to the distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) is chosen.

115. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 114, characterized in that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in the direction of their infeed direction (X) be that they are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane (42).

116. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 115, characterized in that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) in the direction of their infeed direction (X) so on the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) be arranged so that they are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane (42).

117. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 116, characterized in that the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) with the tool cutting edge set (WSS) in the processing position in the infeed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the direction the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the spindle set (30) is moved during the machining thereof.

118. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 117, characterized in that the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) with the respective tool cutting edge set (WS1, WS2) in the processing position in the infeed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges (WS1 , WS2) is moved in the direction of the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the spindle set (30) during the machining of the same.

119. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 118, characterized in that, in particular before executing the production mode in a measuring mode, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) according to the selected parts program (TI, T2) in the infeed direction (X) are moved towards the respective work pieces (Wl, W2) and a measurement processing specified by the selected part program (TI, T2) is carried out.

120. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 119, characterized in that in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) as a reference variable for the Synchronous machining is used and this selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled according to the selected part program during synchronous machining.

121. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 120, characterized in that in the measuring mode the relative position of each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (RI, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) as a reference variable for the Synchronous machining is used and this respective tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program (TI, T2).

122. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 121, characterized in that in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in a measuring feed running parallel to the feed direction (X) and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) - level (MZE) is moved.

123. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 122, characterized in that in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded after the end of the measurement mode and generated during measurement processing, the alignment of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) is changed in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) generate the same workpiece dimensions within the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program in the subsequent production modes.

124. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 123, characterized in that in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded after the end of the measuring mode and generated during the measuring machining, the alignment of the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) is changed in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) within the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program (TI, T2) in the following production modes Generate workpiece dimensions.

125. The method according to claim 123 or 124, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (SS) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction (X).

126. The method according to claim 123 to 125, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement along a linear axis (Y) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X).

127. The method according to any one of claims 123 to 126, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting (WS1, WS2) with a component in the feed direction (X).

128. The method according to claim 127, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) along a linear axis (X) with a component in the infeed direction (X).

129. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool correction involves a rotation of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) about a plane parallel to the spindle axis plane (42), in particular parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) extending axis of rotation (212) comprises.

130. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis (212) of a tool carrier (182) designed as a tool turret.

131. The method according to claim 129 or 130, characterized in that the axis of rotation (212) is a position-regulated axis of rotation.

132. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the correction mode the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are changed at least transversely to the measuring infeed plane (MZE).

133. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the correction mode the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are changed in the infeed direction (X).

134. The method according to the preamble of claim 109 or according to one of claims 109 to 133, characterized in that for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) received in the spindle set (30) on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least two Tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) are arranged so that at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32, 82) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held therein, so that at least one second tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34, 84) for machining the workpiece (Wl, W2) held in it, that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that in asynchronous machining the Tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are used consecutively on the respective workpieces (Wl, W2) so that the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is moved in a controlled manner relative to the reference point (RI, R2) of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) by means of the machine control (118), taking into account tool offset values, and thereby runs through a sequence of relative positions to the reference point (RI, R2) which for both workpieces ( Wl, W2) is identical in terms of time and location.

135. The method according to claim 134, characterized in that, for the individual machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that only one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is used.

136. The method according to claim 135, characterized in that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the tool cutting edge (WS2, WS1) that is not used for machining is collision-free with the workpieces held in the first and second tool spindle units ( Wl, W2), in particular between them, moved.

137. The method according to any one of claims 134 to 136, characterized in that asynchronous machining is used for finishing the workpieces (W1, W2).

138. The method according to any one of claims 134 to 137, characterized in that during asynchronous machining the relative movement of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) to the spindle set (30) taking into account separate tool correction data for the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the respective cutter carrier.

139. The method according to the preamble of claim 109 or according to one of the preceding claims 109 to 138, characterized in that tool carriers (182, 186) are arranged on the machine frame (10), which are designed so that both are mounted on the one spindle set ( 30) can be used, and that a first (182) of the tool carriers (182, 186) is used on the workpiece (Wl) received in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (Wl) and that a second (186 ) the tool carrier (182, 186) is used on the workpiece (W2) received in the second workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining this workpiece (W2).

140. The method according to claim 139, characterized in that the first tool carrier (182) and the second tool carrier (186) are moved on opposite sides of a spindle axis plane (42) in which the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30 ) lie.

141. The method according to claim 139 or 140, characterized in that the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are moved independently of one another in the direction of an infeed axis (X axis).

142. The method according to any one of claims 139 to 141, characterized in that the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are moved independently of one another in the direction of an axis (Z-axis) parallel to the spindle axes of the spindle set (30).

143. The method according to any one of claims 139 to 142, characterized in that the first tool holder (182) on the first workpiece (Wl) during a first machining period (BZ1) and the second tool holder (186) during a second machining period (BZ2) can be used on the second workpiece (W2).

144. The method according to claim 143, characterized in that the first processing period (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) overlap with one another in time.

145. The method according to claim 143 or 144, characterized in that the shorter of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) completely overlaps with the longer of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

146. The method according to any one of claims 143 to 145, characterized in that the first (BZ1) and the second processing period (BZ2) have an identical duration.

147. The method according to any one of claims 139 to 146, characterized in that the machine control (118) with the first tool carrier (182) on the workpiece (Wl) accommodated in the first workpiece spindle unit (32) carries out machining according to a first partial program ( TI) is executed and that the machine control (118) with the second tool carrier (186) on the workpiece (WZ) accommodated in the second workpiece spindle unit (34) carries out machining according to a second parts program (T2).

148. The method according to claim 147, characterized in that the first and second part programs (TI, T2) are identical.

149. The method according to claim 147, characterized in that the first (TI) and the second (T2) part program differ.

150. The method according to claim 148 or 149, characterized in that the first and the second part program (TI, T2) run at least in a temporally overlapping manner.

151. The method according to any one of claims 147 to 150, characterized in that the first and the second part program (TI, T2) run during a main processing period (HBZ).

152. The method according to any one of claims 147 to 151, characterized in that the first part program (TI) runs during a first processing period (BZ1).

153. The method according to any one of claims 147 to 152, characterized in that the second part program (T2) runs during a second processing period (BZ2).

154. The method according to claim 152 or 153, characterized in that the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) have an identical duration.

155. The method according to claim 152 or 153, characterized in that the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) differ in their duration.

156. The method according to claim 155, characterized in that the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2) differ by a maximum of a third, preferably a maximum of a quarter, better a maximum of a fifth and even better a maximum of a tenth of the longest of the processing periods (BZ1, BZ2).

157. The method according to any one of claims 152 to 156, characterized in that the first and the second processing period (BZ1, BZ2) lie within the main processing period (HBZ).

158. The method according to any one of claims 109 to 157, characterized in that for machining the first workpiece (Wl) at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first tool carrier (182) and for machining the second workpiece (W2) at least one second Tool cutting edge (WS2) of the second tool carrier (182) are used.

159. The method according to claim 158, characterized in that the first and second tool carriers (182, 186) are each equipped with tools (WS1, WS2) with identical tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2).

160. The method according to claim 158 or 159, characterized in that the first and the second tool carrier (182, 186) are equipped with tool blades (WS1, WS2) which differ in at least one of the tool blades.

161. The method according to any one of claims 158 to 160, characterized in that each tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the first tool carrier (182) and of the second tool carrier (186) is assigned its own tool correction data (WK1, WK2).

162. The method according to any one of claims 139 to 161, characterized in that the spindle set (30) to which the first and second tool carriers (152, 186) are assigned is a main spindle set (30) to which a counter spindle set (80) is assigned.

163. The method according to any one of claims 139 to 162, characterized in that a third tool carrier (184) is arranged on the machine frame (10) and is used on the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set.

164. The method according to claim 163, characterized in that at least one tool cutting edge is used on the third tool carrier (184) for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) arranged in the workpiece spindle units (82, 84) of the counter spindle set (80).

165. The method according to claim 163 or 164, characterized in that on the third tool carrier (184) tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for synchronous machining or asynchronous machining of the workpieces (Wl, W2) can be used.

166. The method according to any one of claims 162 to 165, characterized in that both workpieces (Wl, W2) received in the counter spindle set (30) are machined during a counter machining period (GBZ), the duration of which is a maximum of the duration of the main machining period (HBZ ) corresponds.