DE102019124524A1 - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to use a machine tool comprising a machine frame, at least one spindle set arranged on the machine frame with a first workpiece spindle unit and a second workpiece spindle unit, the spindle axes of which are aligned parallel to one another and are arranged at a distance next to one another and on the same side of a work space and which each face the work space Comprising workpiece holders, and further comprising at least one tool carrier arranged on the machine frame and carrying tools with tool cutters, the spindle set and the tool carrier being movable in a controlled manner relative to one another, increasing efficiency, it is proposed that at least one tool cutter set, including at least one first and at least one second tool cutting edge is arranged so that, for synchronous machining of the workpieces, the tool cutting edges are relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle eleinheit has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool, comprising a machine frame, at least one spindle set arranged on the machine frame with a first workpiece spindle unit and a second workpiece spindle unit, the spindle axes of which are aligned parallel to one another and are arranged at a distance from one another on the same side of a work space, in particular rigidly relative to one another and which each comprise workpiece holders facing the work space, and furthermore comprising at least one tool carrier that is arranged on the machine frame and carries tools with tool cutting edges, wherein the spindle set and the tool carrier can be moved in a controlled manner relative to one another along at least one movement axis of the machine tool, in particular by means of a machine control system, in order to to machine workpieces arranged in the workpiece holders of the spindle set.

Such machine tools are from the prior art, for example from the DE 87 00 343 U , known.

The task of these machine tools is to machine the workpieces in the spindle set as efficiently as possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a machine tool of the type described at the outset in that at least one tool cutting edge set, comprising at least one first and at least one second tool cutting edge, is arranged in the tool carrier, so that for synchronous machining of the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second Tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry, that the first tool cutting edge is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit and the second tool cutting edge is assigned to the second tool spindle unit and that, in a machining position of the tool cutting edge set, when performing the synchronous machining of the workpieces accommodated in the workpiece spindle units in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program, each of the tool cutting edges relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit within the scope of a predetermined machining accuracy Has lbe relative position.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it enables the workpieces to be machined in the workpiece spindle units of the spindle set synchronously with one another with the required accuracy, so that - based on a machine tool with one workpiece spindle - the machining times incurred per workpiece can be significantly reduced, in particular essentially halved.

The processing accuracy is, for example, according to DIN ISO 286/1 in the IT classes IT5 to IT9, preferably in the IT classes IT5 to IT8.

Synchronous machining of the workpieces held in the workpiece spindle units of the spindle set is understood to mean that, during machining of the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge are in the same position relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit at the same point in time within the framework of the machining accuracy, so that when machining the workpieces, the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge simultaneously, i.e. synchronously with one another, run through the same trajectory relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit and thus the machining of both workpieces begins at the same point in time, during the same period of time Movement path is traversed relative to the reference point and ends at the same point in time.

For synchronous machining, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the two tool cutters of the tool cutter set are arranged at a distance from one another in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their feed direction, which corresponds at least approximately to a distance between the spindle axes.

The distance between the tool cutting edges transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction can be greater than a distance between the spindle axes.

However, it is also conceivable that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction is smaller than a distance between the spindle axes.

In addition, a further advantageous solution provides that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction is equal to the distance between the spindle axes.

In addition, it is preferably provided that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting set are arranged on the tool carrier in the direction of their feed direction so that they are at least approximately the same distance from a spindle axis plane in which the two spindle axes are located.

This ensures that the tool cutting edges are preset with sufficient precision to enable synchronous machining to be carried out.

The term “approximately at the same distance” is to be understood in particular as a presetting of the tool cutting edges with a customary tolerance in the range of less than 0.05 mm, even better less than 0.03 mm.

To carry out synchronous machining, it has proven to be advantageous if the machine control is designed in such a way that it moves the tool carrier with the tool cutting set in the machining position in the feed direction of the tool cutting in the direction of the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set according to a selected parts program.

In this case, purely theoretically, the machine control could operate the workpieces in the production mode based on the presetting of the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set.

However, there is often the problem that the tool cutting edges do not yet deliver any machined workpieces that correspond to the specified machining tolerances, even with precise presetting, since corrections to the tool cutting edges are still required.

For this reason, an advantageous solution provides that the machine control is designed in such a way that, in particular before executing the production mode in a measuring mode, it moves the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set in the feed direction towards the respective workpieces in accordance with the selected parts program and a direction specified by the selected parts program Performs measurement processing.

As part of this measurement processing, it is possible to measure the workpieces after they have been processed and thus to check how precisely the tool cutting edges are set and which position errors still exist.

Such a measurement of the workpieces can either be carried out manually or there is the possibility that the machine control measures the parts machined in the course of the measurement processing as part of an automatic measurement process, for example with tactile and / or with optical measuring devices, in particular optical measuring devices with a laser Measurement.

In particular, it is provided in the measuring mode that the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge to the corresponding reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and that this selected tool cutting edge is controlled during synchronous machining in accordance with the selected part program.

Such a procedure in the measuring mode creates the possibility of working with an unambiguous assignment of one of the tool cutting edges to a reference point of a respective workpiece spindle unit and of processing the corresponding data in a simple manner.

It is particularly favorable if the machine control moves the selected tool cutting edge in the measuring mode in a measuring infeed plane running parallel to the infeed direction and through the selected spindle axis.

In particular in the case in which a selected tool cutting edge is already moved in the measuring feed plane during synchronous machining in the measuring mode, it has proven to be advantageous if the machine control is designed in such a way that in the correction mode it adjusts the position of the tool cutting edges at least in one direction transverse to the Measurement infeed plane changed.

This means that in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge is moved exclusively in the measuring infeed plane and then in the correction mode, in particular, on the one hand, corrections of the system position errors due to movements in the measuring infeed plane and, on the other hand, corrections of the positions of the tool cutting edges to compensate for the tool cutting edge position error through movements across the measuring infeed plane and, if necessary, also in the measuring infeed plane.

Another advantageous solution provides that the machine control is designed in such a way that it aligns the tool carrier in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded on the workpieces after the end of the measurement mode and generated during measurement processing by at least one tool correction, in particular before executing the production mode corrected relative to the respective spindle axes in such a way that the tool cutting edges generate the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces in the following production modes within the framework of the specified machining tolerances with the selected parts program.

The determination of the tool correction can in principle take place independently of the machine control, but it is particularly favorable if the machine control itself determines the tool correction on the basis of the workpiece dimensions.

With such a tool correction, there is the advantageous possibility of compensating for system position errors, i.e. position errors caused by the machine tool and one of the tool cutting edges of the tool holder, as well as tool cutting edge position errors, i.e. position errors relating to the positions of the tool cutting edges relative to one another, in order to achieve that with the tool cutting edges - Within the framework of the specified machining accuracy - workpieces with identical dimensions of the machined surfaces can be manufactured.

In the simplest case, it is provided here that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges along a linear axis with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction.

Furthermore, in addition to the tool correction with a movement transverse to the infeed direction, it is provided that the tool correction includes a movement of the tool cutting edges with a component in the infeed direction.

In the simplest case, this component is also a movement in the feed direction along a linear axis of the machine tool.

As an alternative or in addition to the previously described options for a tool correction, a further advantageous solution provides that the tool correction includes a rotation of the tool carrier about an axis of rotation running parallel to the spindle axis plane, in particular parallel to the spindle axes.

Such an axis of rotation could, for example, in the case of a linear tool, be an axis of rotation about which the linear tool carrier can be pivoted.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis of a tool carrier designed as a tool turret, a turret head of the tool turret being rotatable by the tool turret axis.

The rotary movements can be set particularly precisely if the rotary axis is a position-regulated rotary axis by the machine control, so that rotary movements can also be precisely set at very small angles and no definition of specific angle increments is required.

As an alternative or in addition to the invention described so far, a further solution to the aforementioned object provides that at least one set of tool cutting edges, comprising at least one first tool cutting edge and one second tool cutting edge, is arranged on the tool carrier, that the tool cutting edges have an identical cutting edge geometry and the at least one The first tool cutting edge of the first workpiece spindle unit and the at least one second workpiece cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit and that when performing asynchronous machining in every machining position, the tool cutting edges have a different position relative to the respective reference point relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit in the direction of at least one movement axis of the machine tool .

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is thus to be seen in the fact that the machine tool according to the invention offers the possibility of providing a workpiece in each of two workpiece spindles and of working with a set of tool cutting edges, but not at the same time, and thus performing asynchronous machining, with either the first tool cutting edge or the second tool cutting edge is used, so that the piece time can also be reduced as a very quick change from machining the workpiece in one workpiece spindle unit to machining the other workpiece in the other workpiece spindle unit of the spindle set is possible.

Asynchronous machining is understood to mean that when machining the respective workpiece in the workpiece spindle unit assigned to it, both the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge perform the same path movement relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit with the respectively identical path speed, however the machining of the workpieces in the first workpiece spindle unit and the second workpiece spindle unit follow one another, that is to say takes place in consecutive time periods which each have the same duration.

Asynchronous processing of this type can be used, for example, for finishing each of the workpieces, so that the finishing can be carried out, for example, in accordance with DIN ISO 286/1 in accordance with IT classes IT4 to IT8.

A particularly advantageous combination with synchronous machining provides that synchronous machining is used for preprocessing workpieces with greater machining tolerance, for example in accordance with IT classes IT6 to IT10, and that asynchronous machining is used for Finishing of the workpieces with lower machining tolerance is used.

With regard to the movements that are to be carried out in order to bring the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge into use on the respective workpiece of the first workpiece spindle unit or the second workpiece spindle unit, it is preferably provided that the at least one first tool cutting edge or the at least one second tool cutting edge are alternately movable into a machining position relative to the respective workpiece by a movement of the tool carrier of the machine tool.

This can be done by one of the provided linear axes of the machine tool, but it is also conceivable to use a swivel axis or, for example, a swivel axis parallel to the spindle axes, for example a conventional turret axis or a turret axis designed as an H-axis.

In asynchronous machining, it is particularly important if each of the tool cutting edges in the respective machining position has the same orientation relative to at least one of the movement axes of the machine tool.

A particularly favorable solution provides that, in asynchronous machining, the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge have different relative positions in a direction transverse to the spindle axes of the spindle set relative to the respective reference point of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit in the various machining positions.

This means that if, for example, the at least one first tool cutting edge is in its processing position, the at least one second tool cutting edge is out of engagement with the workpiece and, on the other hand, when the at least one second tool cutting edge is in its processing position, the at least one first tool cutting edge is out of engagement with the workpiece.

In particular, in this case the distance between the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge in the tool cutting set is selected such that it is at least the workpiece radius smaller or larger than the distance between the spindle axes of the workpiece spindle units.

In the embodiments described above, the workpiece spindle units are preferably arranged with their spindle axes in such a way that they define a spindle axis plane running through the two spindle axes, which runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the at least one movement axis of the machine tool.

This at least one movement axis is in particular an X axis of the machine tool.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one, in particular one further axis of movement of the machine tool runs parallel to the plane of the spindle axis.

It is preferably provided that this movement axis of the machine tool, which runs parallel to the spindle axis plane, runs parallel to the spindle axes.

Such a movement axis is in particular a Z-axis of the machine tool.

In particular for performing complex machining operations, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if one, in particular a further, movement axis of the machine tool that runs parallel to the spindle axis plane runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the spindle axes.

Such a movement axis is in particular a Y-axis of the machine tool.

With regard to the tool cutter sets arranged on the tool carrier, no further details have been given so far.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that several sets of first and second tool cutting edges for performing synchronous machining are arranged on the at least one tool carrier.

For example, it is provided that the at least one tool carrier is designed as a tool turret, which has a turret head that can be rotated about a turret axis relative to a turret housing in order to be able to use the various sets of tool cutting edges on the workpieces held in the tool spindle units.

The turret axis can be aligned in the most varied of ways relative to the spindle axes.

An advantageous solution provides that the turret axis runs transversely to a spindle set center plane lying between the spindle axes of the respective cutting set and extending perpendicular to the plane of the mirror axis.

Another advantageous solution provides that the turret axis runs parallel to a spindle set center plane lying centrally between the spindle axes of the respective spindle set and extending perpendicular to the spindle axis plane.

Another solution provides that the turret axis runs transversely to the spindle axis plane.

Another advantageous solution provides that the turret axis runs parallel to the spindle axis plane.

As an alternative to providing a tool carrier in the form of a tool turret, another solution provides that the tool carrier is designed as a linear tool carrier, which can use different sets of tool cutting edges by moving relative to the spindle axes of the spindle set.

For example, such a linear tool carrier can be moved parallel to the X direction or parallel to the Y direction or both parallel to the X direction and parallel to the Y direction in order to be able to bring the respective existing sets of tool cutting edges into a machining position relative to the workpieces.

A solution that is particularly expedient for complete machining provides that the tool carrier is provided with at least one tool spindle.

It is also advantageous for complete machining if the tool carrier can be pivoted in a position-controlled manner about a pivot axis, so that rotating tools in particular can be used advantageously.

With regard to the design of the workpiece spindle units, no further details have been given in connection with the exemplary embodiments described so far.

An advantageous solution provides that the workpiece spindle units include motor spindles, that is, that a drive motor of the respective workpiece spindle is coaxial with the same and that surrounds the respective workpiece spindle with the rotor and stator, with the rotor and the stator in particular being arranged between the spindle bearings of the workpiece spindle are.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the workpiece spindle units are constructed identically and, in particular, have an identical design, so that they behave identically within the respective set of tool spindles when the machine tool according to the invention is operated.

With regard to the arrangement of the first workpiece spindle unit and the second workpiece spindle unit relative to one another, no further details have so far been given.

The workpiece spindle units of a spindle set are preferably arranged at a distance of the spindle axes from one another which is in the range from 1.5 to 3 times a maximum workpiece diameter of the workpiece spindle units.

Such a distance between the spindle axes has the great advantage that the distance between the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set can be kept as small as possible.

In order to achieve an alignment of the two workpiece spindle axes that is as constant as possible relative to one another with such an arrangement of the workpiece spindle units, it is preferably provided that the workpiece spindle units of the spindle set are arranged in a common spindle receiving body.

In particular, such a spindle receiving body is arranged non-rotatably relative to the machine bed body.

By means of this common spindle receiving body, a stable and long-term stable alignment and arrangement of the spindle axes relative to one another can be ensured in a simple manner.

It is particularly advantageous if the spindle receiving body is tempered by a temperature control medium in order to prevent the distance between the spindle axes from varying due to thermal expansion of the spindle receiving body.

In particular, thermal effects can be avoided in that the spindle receiving body has a cooling channel system through which the temperature control medium flows.

In particular, it is provided that the temperature control medium keeps the spindle receiving body in a defined temperature range which, for example, fluctuates by a maximum of ± 5 ° around the intended temperature of the spindle receiving body.

Furthermore, no further details were given with regard to the alignment of the spindle sets in connection with the exemplary embodiments described so far.

An advantageous solution provides that the spindle axes of the spindle set are aligned essentially horizontally.

It is particularly advantageous if each of the tool cutting edges in the machining position has the same orientation relative to all movement axes of the machine tool.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that each of the tool cutting edges passes through the same relative positions in the machining position relative to the reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit.

With regard to the arrangement of the tool cutting edges of a set of tool cutting edges, no further details have been given in connection with the previous exemplary embodiments.

For example, it would be conceivable to arrange the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge of the set of tool cutting edges in each case on the corresponding tool carrier.

A particularly advantageous solution, which in particular allows a defined alignment of the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge before they are used in the machine tool, provides that the tool cutting edges of a set of tool cutting edges are each arranged on a common tool holder.

The at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge can thus be positioned in a simple and advantageous manner in a defined manner by the tool holder and, in particular, can be positioned in their relative arrangement to one another before use in the machine tool.

It is preferably provided that the tool holder is detachably mounted on the respective tool carrier.

In this way, the tool holders can be exchanged in a simple manner depending on the desired machining operations.

In order to achieve a defined alignment of the respective tool holder with respect to the respective tool carrier, provision is preferably made for the tool holder to be mounted so as to be oriented in a defined manner relative to the respective tool carrier by means of form-fitting elements.

These form-fit elements have the great advantage that they achieve an exactly reproducible positioning of the tool holder relative to the tool carrier.

It is preferably provided that the form-fit elements are effective between a support surface of the tool carrier and a support surface of the tool holder.

It is particularly advantageous if the form-fit elements provide a defined alignment of the tool holder relative to the tool carrier in three spatial directions running transversely to one another.

In particular, it is provided that the tool holder is provided with at least one holding pin which engages in a holding pin receptacle of the tool carrier, the holding pin holding the position of the tool holder relative to the tool carrier in engagement with the holding seat in particular.

With regard to the positioning of the tool cutting edges relative to the tool holder, no further details have so far been given.

It is particularly favorable if at least one of the tool cutting edges can be adjusted relative to the tool holder by means of at least one adjusting device.

To this end, it is advantageously provided that the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge in the machining position can be predefined or set in a defined manner in the feed direction using an adjusting device.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the relative position of the tool cutting edges in the machining position can be predefined or set in a defined manner in the direction parallel to the spindle axes with an adjusting device.

A particularly favorable solution provides that both the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge can be adjusted relative to the tool holder by means of at least one setting device.

This solution has the advantage that in this case the tool holder can be used sensibly in almost all positions in the machine tool and, in particular, can be ergonomically adjusted for the machine operator, since the machine operator can use the adjustment devices that are ergonomically accessible for him to adjust the tool cutting edges are, that is for example facing the machine operator, are arranged.

With regard to the further design of the machine tool according to the invention, no further details have been given in connection with the exemplary embodiments described so far.

An advantageous solution provides that the machine frame has a machine bed body which rises above a standing surface and which has a front side which extends in the vertical direction with at least one component and in front of which the work space is arranged.

In this case it is preferably provided that the spindle set is arranged in front of the front side of the machine bed body.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the spindle axis plane of the respective spindle set runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the front side.

As already stated, the workpiece spindle units are preferably arranged in a common spindle receiving body.

An advantageous solution provides that a spindle receiving body of the spindle set is held stationary on the machine bed body.

Another advantageous solution provides that a spindle receiving body of the spindle set is arranged on a slide that can be moved parallel to the spindle axes and can be moved with this relative to the machine bed body.

A wide variety of solutions are conceivable with regard to the construction options for the machine tool according to the invention.

One advantageous solution provides that the machine tool has a set of spindles.

A particularly favorable solution, which can be used in particular for the front and rear side machining of workpieces, provides that one spindle set represents a main spindle set and that another spindle set represents a counter spindle set and that the main spindle set and the counter spindle set on opposite sides of the work area each with the Workpiece receptacles facing the work space, in particular also facing one another, are arranged.

There is thus the possibility of being able to use the concept according to the invention, in particular for machining workpieces that is particularly efficient in terms of piece time, for machining the rear of the workpieces.

In particular, it is provided that at least two tool carriers are provided on the machine frame, one of the tool carriers having at least one set of tool blades for machining workpieces of the main spindle set and another tool carrier having at least one set of tool blades for machining workpieces in the counter spindle set.

The efficiency of the machining can furthermore be increased if at least one of the tool carriers has several sets of tool cutting edges for the main spindle set.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one of the tool carriers has several sets of tool cutting edges for the counter spindle set.

Furthermore, it is favorable for the kinematics when machining workpieces in the main spindle set and in the counter spindle set if at least the main spindle set or the counter spindle set can be moved relative to one another in the direction parallel to its spindle axes.

A particularly favorable solution, in particular for the front and rear side machining, provides that the tool spindles of the main spindle set and the counter spindle set are arranged coaxially to one another and that the main spindle set or the counter spindle set can be moved to the respective other spindle set to such an extent that workpieces can be transferred from workpiece holders of one spindle set can be executed directly in the workpiece holders of the other spindle set.

Furthermore, an advantageous solution provides that the main spindle set and the counter spindle set are arranged in front of the front of the machine bed body, so that the work space can be accessed ergonomically by a machine operator from a side of the work space facing away from the machine bed body.

In addition, the invention relates to a method for operating a machine tool, comprising a machine frame, a first spindle set arranged on the machine frame with two workpiece spindle units that are aligned with their spindle axes parallel to one another and are spaced apart and on the same side of a work space, in particular rigidly relative to one another each to the Having workpiece holders facing the work space, and further comprising a tool carrier arranged on the machine frame and having tool cutting edges, the spindle set and the tool carrier being moved relative to one another along at least one movement axis of the machine tool by means of a machine control in order to machine workpieces arranged in the workpiece holding units of the spindle set.

In such a method, the aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention in that, for machining the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set, at least one tool cutting edge set, comprising at least one first tool cutting edge and at least one second tool cutting edge, are arranged on the tool carrier first tool cutting edge is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held therein and the at least one second tool cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held therein, that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry, that in a machining position of the tool cutting set during synchronous machining in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program, each of the tool cutting edges is relative to the respective reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the workpieces can be machined with high precision in a simple manner.

With this method, an optimal precision can be achieved with the simultaneous machining of the two workpieces received in the spindle set and thus the piece time for the machining of the workpieces can be reduced significantly.

A particularly advantageous solution of the method according to the invention provides that, during synchronous machining, the two tool cutters of the tool cutter set are arranged in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their feed direction, at a distance from one another which corresponds at least approximately to a distance between the spindle axes.

This allows a wide variety of constellations.

One constellation provides that the distance between the tool cutting edges, in particular perpendicular to the infeed direction, is selected to be greater than a distance between the spindle axes.

Another advantageous solution provides that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction is selected to be smaller than a distance between the spindle axes.

In a further preferred variant, it is provided that the distance between the tool cutting edges, transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the feed direction is chosen to be equal to the distance between the spindle axes.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set are arranged in the direction of their feed direction on the tool carrier in such a way that they are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane.

The term “approximately at the same distance” is to be understood in particular as a presetting of the tool cutting edges with a customary tolerance in the range of less than 0.05 mm, even better less than 0.03 mm.

It is also provided here that the tool carrier with the tool cutting edge set being processed is moved in the feed direction of the tool cutting edges in the direction of the workpieces received in the spindle set during the processing thereof.

In this case, the workpieces received in the spindle set could theoretically be machined in the production mode even with sufficiently precise presetting of the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting set.

However, it can be assumed that, at least in the case of precise machining of the workpieces with preset tool cutting edges, corrections are still required.

For this reason, it is preferably provided that, in particular before executing the production mode in a measuring mode, the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set are moved towards the respective workpieces in the feed direction in accordance with the selected parts program and a measurement processing specified by the selected parts program is carried out.

With such a measurement processing, there is the possibility, before the transition to the Production mode both a system position error, caused by inaccuracies in the machine tool including the tool carrier and the tool holder, as well as tool cutting edge position errors, i.e. inaccuracies in detecting the positions of the tool cutting edges relative to one another.

In order to be able to recognize the system position errors as well as the tool cutting edge position errors relatively easily in the measuring mode, it is preferably provided that in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge to the corresponding reference point of the respective workpiece spindle unit is used as a reference value for the synchronous machining and this selected tool cutting edge is used in the synchronous machining according to the selected part program is controlled.

It is particularly favorable if, in the measuring mode, the selected tool cutting edge is moved in a measuring feed plane running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis.

In this case, the system position error of the selected tool cutting edge can be assigned to the relation between the selected tool cutting edge and the tool dimensions generated during the measurement process, while the tool cutting edge position error is manifested exclusively in the relative position of the unselected tool cutting edge to the selected tool cutting edge.

Furthermore, a correction mode is preferably provided after the measuring mode, with which the tool dimensions recorded after the end of the measuring mode and generated during the measuring machining, the alignment of the tool carrier relative to the respective spindle axes is changed by at least one tool correction in such a way that the tool cutting edges within the framework of the specified machining tolerances create the same workpiece dimensions with the selected part program in the following production modes.

The correction mode thus provides the option of positioning the tool cutting edges relative to the workpieces in such a way that the same workpiece dimensions can be generated within the machining tolerances.

An advantageous development of such a tool correction provides that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges of the tool cutting edge set with a component transversely, in particular perpendicular to the feed direction.

It is particularly favorable if the tool correction includes a movement along a linear axis with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction.

Another advantageous solution provides that the tool correction includes a movement of the tool cutting edges with a component in the feed direction.

In particular, the tool correction includes a movement of the tool cutting edge along a linear axis with a component in the feed direction.

As an alternative or in addition to the above-described movements in the tool correction, a further advantageous solution provides that the tool correction includes a rotation of the tool carrier about an axis of rotation running parallel to the spindle axis plane, in particular parallel to the spindle axes.

In principle, it would be conceivable to provide a linear tool carrier as the tool carrier, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation specially provided for rotating the same.

Another advantageous solution provides that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis of a tool carrier designed as a tool turret.

It is particularly favorable for the precision of the rotation if the axis of rotation is a position-regulated axis of rotation with which a precisely stepless rotation of the tool carrier can be realized.

In particular, if the selected tool cutting edge is already moving in the measuring feed plane in the measuring mode, it is preferably provided that in the correction mode the positions of the tool cutting edges are changed at least transversely to the measuring feed plane.

As an alternative or in addition to this, provision is made for the positions of the tool cutting edges to be changed in the feed direction in the correction mode.

A further advantageous solution provides that the tool cutting edge of the cutting edge carrier arranged facing away from an access side of the work space in the processing position forms the reference tool cutting edge.

In this way, the cutter carrier arranged facing away from the access side of the work area is controlled exclusively by the machine control system - without the need for further settings.

It is also particularly favorable if the cutter carrier facing an access side of the working space is adjusted with the at least one adjustment device.

In this solution, an ergonomically advantageous possibility is thus created to optimally arrange the tool cutting edge to be set for a machine operator.

The synchronous machining method according to the invention is suitable in all cases for complete machining of the workpieces.

However, it is also conceivable to use the method according to the invention of synchronous machining of the workpiece holding units arranged in the workpiece holders of the spindle set to carry out preliminary machining of the workpieces.

As an alternative or in addition to the synchronous machining set out above, an advantageous method provides that, for machining the workpieces accommodated in the spindle set, at least two tool cutting edges are arranged on the tool carrier, that at least one first tool cutting edge is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held therein, that at least one second tool cutting edge is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit for machining the workpiece held in it, that the at least one first tool cutting edge and the at least one second tool cutting edge have an identical cutting edge geometry that, in the case of asynchronous machining, the tool cutting edges are used successively on the respective workpieces that the at least one tool cutting edge of each of the cutting edge carriers relative to the reference point of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit by means of the machine control is moved in a controlled manner taking into account tool offset values and thereby runs a sequence of relative positions to the reference point that is identical in terms of time and location for both workpieces.

Asynchronous machining of this type still offers the possibility of reducing the piece times, since a change from machining one workpiece to machining the other workpiece only takes a relatively short time and both workpieces can be machined with great accuracy due to the tool offset values.

It is particularly advantageous if, for individual machining, the cutter carriers are arranged relative to one another in such a way that one tool cutter is used.

In particular, the cutter carriers are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the tool cutter that is not used for machining moves without collision to the workpieces held in the first and second workpiece spindle unit, in particular between them.

Asynchronous machining of this type can be used, for example, for finishing each of the workpieces.

A particularly advantageous combination with synchronous machining provides that synchronous machining is used for pre-machining the workpieces with greater machining tolerance and that asynchronous machining is used for finishing the workpieces with less machining tolerance.

Asynchronous machining can be carried out with particularly high precision if, during asynchronous machining, the relative movement of the tool carrier to the spindle set takes place taking into account separate tool correction data for the at least one tool cutting edge of the respective cutter carrier.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention.

• 1 eine Frontansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine;
• 2 einen Schnitt längs Linie 2-2 in 1;
• 3 einen Schnitt längs Linie 3-3 in 1:
• 4 einen Schnitt längs Linie 4-4 in 1;
• 5 einen Schnitt längs Linie 5-5 in 1;
• 6 einen Schnitt längs Linie 6-6 in 1;
• 7 eine ausschnittsweise Darstellung des Schnitts längs Linie 7-7 in 5;
• 8 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Arbeitsraums zwischen einem Hauptspindelsatz und einem Gegenspindelsatz des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Werkzeugmaschine;
• 9 eine Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeughalters, beispielhaft montiert an einem Revolverkopf eines Werkzeugträgers;
• 10 eine Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeughalters, beispielhaft montiert an einen Revolverkopf eines Werkzeugträgers;
• 11 eine einseitige Explosionsdarstellung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des Werkzeughalters in der Ansicht gemäß dem Pfeil A in 10;
• 12 eine Draufsicht auf das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel des Werkzeughalters in Richtung des Pfeils B in 10;
• 13 einen Schnitt längs Linie 13-13 in 15;
• 14 einen Schnitt längs Linie 14-14 in 12;
• 15 eine Draufsicht auf den Werkzeughalter in Richtung des Pfeils C in 12;
• 16 einen Schnitt längs Linie 16-16 in 13;
• 17 eine Draufsicht auf den Werkzeughalter in Richtung des Pfeils A in 10;
• 18 eine Ansicht des Werkzeughalters entsprechend 10 beim Einsatz zur Synchronbearbeitung;
• 19 eine schematische Darstellung einer Möglichkeit zur Korrektur eines Werkzeugschneidenpositionsfehlers ΔWS durch Vergrößerung eines Abstands der Werkzeugschneiden;
• 20 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Möglichkeit zur Korrektur des Werkzeugschneidenpositionsfehlers ΔWS;
• 21 eine Darstellung der Abhängigkeit der durch die Werkzeugschneiden bei einer Bearbeitung erzeugten Radien von einem Versatz in Y-Richtung;
• 22 eine schematische Darstellung sich bietenden Korrekturen der Radien bei Positionierung der Werkzeugschneiden WS1 und WS2, deren Abstand AE beispielsweise 0,5 mm größer als der Abstand AS ist;
• 23 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Möglichkeit zur Korrektur des Werkzeugschneidenpositionsfehlers ΔWS;
• 24 eine schematische vergrößerte Darstellung der Auswirkungen der Möglichkeit gemäß 23;
• 25 eine Draufsicht auf ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeughalters ähnlich 10;
• 26 einen Schnitt längs Linie 26-26 in 25;
• 27 einen Schnitt längs Linie 27-27 in 25;
• 28 eine Draufsicht auf ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeughalters ähnlich 10;
• 29 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils D in 28;
• 30 einen Schnitt längs Linie 30-30 in 29;
• 31 einen Schnitt längs Linie 31-31 in 30;
• 32 eine Ansicht eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeughalters zur Asynchronbearbeitung ähnlich 9 bei der Bearbeitung eines ersten Werkstücks W1;
• 33 eine Darstellung des vierten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeughalters entsprechend 32 bei der Bearbeitung eines zweiten Werkstücks W2;
• 34 eine Draufsicht auf ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine;
• 35 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Arbeitsraums bei dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Werkzeugmaschine;
• 36 einen Schnitt längs Linie 36-36 in 34;
• 37 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine ähnlich 35;
• 38 eine Draufsicht auf den Werkzeugträger des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels in Richtung des Pfeils E in 37;
• 39 einen Schnitt ähnlich 36 durch ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine und
• 40 einen Schnitt durch ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine.

In the drawing show:

• 1 a front view of a first embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;
• 2 cut along line 2-2 in 1 ;
• 3 cut along line 3-3 in 1 :
• 4th cut along line 4-4 in 1 ;
• 5 a cut along line 5-5 in 1 ;
• 6th cut along line 6-6 in 1 ;
• 7th a partial representation of the section along line 7-7 in 5 ;
• 8th a perspective view of a work space between a main spindle set and a counter spindle set of the first embodiment of the machine tool;
• 9 a representation of a first embodiment of an inventive Tool holder, exemplarily mounted on a turret head of a tool carrier;
• 10 a representation of a second embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention, exemplarily mounted on a turret head of a tool carrier;
• 11 a one-sided exploded view of the second embodiment of the tool holder in the view according to the arrow A in 10 ;
• 12th a plan view of the second embodiment of the tool holder in the direction of arrow B in 10 ;
• 13th a section along line 13-13 in 15th ;
• 14th cut along line 14-14 in 12th ;
• 15th a plan view of the tool holder in the direction of arrow C in 12th ;
• 16 a section along line 16-16 in 13th ;
• 17th a plan view of the tool holder in the direction of arrow A in 10 ;
• 18th a view of the tool holder accordingly 10 when used for synchronous machining;
• 19th a schematic representation of a possibility for correcting a tool cutting edge position error ΔWS by increasing a distance of the tool cutting edges;
• 20th a schematic representation of a further possibility for correcting the tool cutting edge position error ΔWS ;
• 21 a representation of the dependence of the radii generated by the tool cutting edges during machining on an offset in the Y direction;
• 22nd a schematic representation of possible corrections of the radii when positioning the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 whose distance AE is, for example, 0.5 mm greater than the distance AS;
• 23 a schematic representation of a further possibility for correcting the tool cutting edge position error ΔWS ;
• 24 a schematic enlarged illustration of the effects of the possibility according to 23 ;
• 25th a plan view of a third embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention similar 10 ;
• 26th a section along line 26-26 in 25th ;
• 27 a section along line 27-27 in 25th ;
• 28 a plan view of a fourth embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention similar 10 ;
• 29 a view in the direction of arrow D in FIG 28 ;
• 30th cut along line 30-30 in 29 ;
• 31 a section along line 31-31 in 30th ;
• 32 a view of a fourth embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention for asynchronous machining similar 9 when machining a first workpiece W1 ;
• 33 a representation of the fourth embodiment of the tool holder according to the invention accordingly 32 when machining a second workpiece W2 ;
• 34 a plan view of a second embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention;
• 35 a perspective view of the work space in the second embodiment of the machine tool;
• 36 a section along line 36-36 in 34 ;
• 37 a perspective view of a third embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention similar 35 ;
• 38 a plan view of the tool carrier of the third embodiment in the direction of arrow E in 37 ;
• 39 a cut similar 36 by a fourth embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention and
• 40 a section through a fifth embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention.

An in 1 The illustrated first exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention comprises an as a whole 10 Designated machine frame with one on a stand 12th arranged foot part 14th , starting from which a machine bed body 16 rises, starting from the foot part 14th in one direction 18th extends, in particular transversely, approximately perpendicular to the standing surface 12th runs, with an approximately perpendicular also an inclination of ± 30 ° is to be understood.

On the machine bed body 16 is a spindle carrier 22nd Stationary arranged on its the foot part 14th opposite side relative to the machine frame 10 non-rotatably arranged spindle receiving body 24 carries, in which a spindle set 30th , comprising a first Workpiece spindle unit 32 and a second workpiece spindle unit 34 is arranged side by side ( 2 ).

Here are the spindle carriers 22nd and the spindle receiving body 24 on a front 26th of the machine bed body 16 arranged so that also the spindle set 30th in front of the front 26th lies.

The first workpiece spindle unit 32 has a first spindle axis 36 on and the second workpiece spindle unit 34 has a second spindle axis 38 on, with the spindle axes 36 and 38 run parallel to each other and in a common spindle axis plane 42 which are preferably transverse, in particular perpendicular to the direction of extent 18th of the machine bed body 16 runs.

In particular, the spindle axes run 36 , 38 in the spindle axis plane 42 approximately horizontal, that is, they are inclined at a maximum of ± 30 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.

The workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 for their part have workpiece holders 52 and 54 on, with the workpiece holders 52 and 54 both a work room 60 are arranged facing the front of the front 26th of the machine bed body 16 is arranged, in front of which the spindle carrier 22nd and the spindle receiving body 24 are arranged.

On one of the workpiece holders 52 , 54 the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 opposite side of the work area 60 is at the front 26th another spindle carrier 72 arranged, which is also on its the foot part 14th facing away from a spindle receiving body 74 in which, as in 3 shown, a spindle set 80 , also comprising a first workpiece spindle unit 82 and a second workpiece spindle unit 84 , is arranged, with a first spindle axis 86 the first workpiece spindle unit 82 and a second spindle axis 88 the second workpiece spindle unit 84 run parallel to each other and in a spindle axis plane 92 lie, which are preferably coplanar to the spindle axis plane 42 runs ( 3 ).

Furthermore, there is also the distance between the first spindle axis 86 and the second spindle axis 88 identical to the distance of the first spindle axis 36 from the second spindle axis 38 and the first spindle axes 36 , 86 as well as the second spindle axes 38 , 88 in particular run coaxially to one another.

The further spindle carrier is preferably 72 on a guide carriage 112 held, which by means of slide guides 114 and 116 relative to the machine bed body 16 in one to the spindle axes 36 , 38 , 86 , 88 parallel running Z-direction by a machine control 118 can be moved in a controlled manner, but relative to the machine bed body 16 Is rotatably arranged.

Also the first workpiece spindle unit 82 and the second workpiece spindle unit 84 have workpiece holders 102 and 104 on that of the work space 60 are facing and in which workpieces can be added for processing.

Through the machine control 118 controlled, can thus be the spindle carrier 72 and the spindle receiving body 74 in the Z-direction on the spindle carrier 22nd and the spindle receiving body 24 to move and with coaxial alignment of the first spindle axis 36 to the first spindle axis 36 and the second spindle axis 38 to the second spindle axis 88 Workpieces between the first workpiece spindle unit 32 and the first workpiece spindle unit 82 and the second workpiece spindle unit 34 and the second workpiece spindle unit 84 passed in order to be able to make a front and back machining of the workpieces in a known manner.

As in 4th using the example of the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 each of the workpiece spindle units is illustrated 32 , 34 , 82 , 84 designed as a motor spindle and comprises one in the respective spindle receiving body, in this case the spindle receiving body 24 , lying stator 122 the rotatably in the spindle receiving body 24 is arranged and one relative to the stator 122 around the respective spindle axis, in this case the spindle axis 36 , rotatable rotor 124 directly on a spindle tube 126 that in turn sits on his workspace 60 facing side the respective workpiece holder in which 4th the workpiece holder 52 respectively 54 , carries and in the area between the workpiece holder 52 respectively 54 and the rotor 124 by means of a preloaded front bearing unit 128 on the respective spindle receiving body 24 is rotatably mounted.

In addition, there is the respective spindle tube 126 still on one of the workpiece holders 52 respectively 54 opposite side with a rear bearing unit 132 on the spindle receiving body 24 stored.

As in the area of the respective stator 122 and also the front storage unit 128 a heat build-up occurs, is the spindle receiving body, for example the spindle receiving body 24 , in one between the front storage unit 128 and the rear storage unit 132 lying section as actively coolable receiving body 134 formed, which from in one to the spindle axes 36 , 38 parallel stacking direction 136 cut out of flat material and stacked in parallel stacking levels 138 across the stacking direction 136 extending segments with overlapping receiving cutouts 142 for the stator 122 and the rotor 124 as well as with cooling duct cutouts 144 is constructed so that the spindle receiving body 24 Spindle motor mounts 150 for the spindle motors 120 and one of these spindle motor mounts 150 separate cooling channel system encompassing this, formed by the cooling channel cutouts 144 , having.

By means of this cooling channel system, which runs in meanders in particular 152 there is the possibility of an effective and active cooling of the spindle motors 120 and the front storage unit 128 so that in particular the spindle receiving body 24 with regard to its thermal expansion when the spindle motors are operated 120 is stabilizable.

In particular, the cooling channel system 152 the spindle receiving body 24 stabilize with regard to its thermal expansion in such a way that the distance between the spindle axes 36 and 38 can be maintained in a defined manner in order to ensure precise machining of the workpiece holders 52 and 54 to ensure recorded workpieces within the range desired for machining accuracy.

Such an actively cooled body for accommodating spindle motors 120 is for example in the EP 1 414 615 or the EP 2 544 854 described on which with regard to further features and aspects of the receiving body cooled in this way 134 can be referenced in full.

Furthermore, as in FIG 1 shown, several tool carriers, for example tool carriers 182 and 184 that is on one of the footboard 14th remote side of the spindle axis planes 42 and 92 on the machine bed body 16 are arranged, and a tool carrier 186 that is on one of the footboard 14th facing side of the spindle axis planes 42 , 92 is arranged.

Each of these tool carriers 182 , 184 and 186 is designed, for example, as a tool turret and each includes a turret housing 192 , 194 respectively 196 , relative to which the corresponding turret head 202 , 204 and 206 around a turret axis 212 , 214 respectively 216 is rotatable.

The in 1 illustrated embodiment are for example all turret axes 212 , 214 , 216 aligned so that these are parallel to perpendicular to the spindle axis planes 42 , 92 and for example in the middle between the spindle axes 36 , 38 respectively 86 , 88 standing spindle set center planes 222 , 224 run away.

The respective revolver housing 192 , 194 and 196 are relative to the machine bed body 16 by means of the machine control 118 controlled movable.

For example, the revolver housing 192 on a relative to the machine bed body 16 in the Z direction, i.e. parallel to the spindle axes 36 , 38 , 86 , 88 , and in the X direction, that is, transversely to the spindle axes 36 , 38 , 86 , 88 and in particular perpendicular to the spindle axis planes 42 and 92 movable carriage 232 arranged and in addition still relative to the carriage 232 movable along a Y-axis running perpendicular to the Z-direction and perpendicular to the X-direction and optionally relative to the slide 232 about the B-axis running parallel to the Y-direction 234 rotatable.

Here is the tool carrier 182 for example the spindle block 30th with the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 assigned for machining the workpieces arranged in these and for this purpose movable along the movement axes Z, X, Y and optionally rotatable about the B axis.

The tool carrier 186 is for example the workpiece spindle units 32 and 34 assigned, the revolver housing 196 also on a sledge 242 sits relative to the machine bed body 16 in the X-direction and Z-direction by means of the machine control 118 is controlled movable.

Furthermore, for example, the tool carrier 184 the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84 assigned and the revolver housing 194 is on a sled 252 arranged relative to the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84 can only be moved in the X direction.

This direction of movement is for machining workpieces in the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84 sufficient as the workpiece spindle units 82 and 84 due to the arrangement of the spindle carrier 72 on the guide carriage 112 even in the Z-direction by the machine control 118 is controlled movable.

As in the 2 to 9 depicted, everyone is the Turrets 202 , 204 , 206 in the form of a regular polygon, preferably in the form of regular rectangles, pentagons or hexagons, and has flat sides 262 with stations 264 on which tool holder 270 are releasably mounted by rotating about each of the turret heads 202 , 204 , 206 assigned turret axis 212 , 214 , 216 are movable into a processing position.

In the 1 to 8th are the tool holders 270 shown only schematically and it is also shown schematically that each of the tool holders 270 a tool cutting edge set WSS, comprising a first tool cutting edge WS1 and a second tool cutting edge WS2 , wearing.

An embodiment of a tool holder 270 who is in 9 is designed as a rotary holder, comprises a base body 280 that has a support body 282 which is located in the respective station 264 on the respective flat side 262 of a turret 202 supported, and one from the support body 282 carried central body 284 having, on both sides of the central body 284 Cutter carrier 292 and 204 are arranged, which the tool cutting WS1 and WS2 carry.

A simple embodiment of the tool holder 270 provides that the cutter carrier 292 , 294 are held stationary on the central body, as in 9 shown.

Here are the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in positions that can be predefined in a defined manner, for example by machining the surface of the cutter carriers 292 , 294 or for example by the inserted plate 295 , in the cutter carriers 292 , 294 mountable so that the positions of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be predefined in a defined manner at least in the X and Y directions, preferably also in the Z direction.

In an adjustable embodiment of the tool holder 270 ' shown in 10 , everyone is the cutter bearer 292 , 294 relative to the base body 280 , especially the central body 284 , adjustable in a setting direction running parallel to the Z-axis and a setting direction running parallel to the X-axis.

For this purpose, between the respective cutter carrier 292, 294 ( 11 ), for example the cutter carrier 292 and the main body 280 , especially the central body 284 , an intermediate body 296 provided, which, for example, relative to the base body 280 by means of an adjusting device 302 is adjustable along a movement axis, for example in the direction of the Z-axis, and relative to which by means of a further adjustment device 304 the cutter carrier 292 is adjustable along a further axis of movement, for example in the direction of the X-axis.

The adjustment device 302 includes, as in 11 to 14th shown, a web guide 310 formed from two spaced guide units 312 and 314 , which each have a toothing 316 , for example a double toothing, which in one of the with the toothing 316 Corresponding tooth groove 318 intervenes.

For example, the gearing 316 to the intermediate body 296 molded and the toothed groove 318 is for example in the base body 280 , especially in the central body 284 same, molded.

As in 10 shown, the guide units extend 312 and 314 the web guide 310 in the direction of adjustment 302 parallel to the Z direction, for example over the entire extent of the intermediate body 296 , in the Z-direction and are arranged transversely to the Z-direction, at a distance from one another. The guide units also extend 312 and 314 also over essentially the entire extent of the central body 284 and thus define an adjustment path running parallel to the Z direction 322 .

Around the intermediate body 296 in the individual path positions of the adjustment path 322 Being able to position exactly is in addition to the path guidance 310 a positioning unit 330 provided which an adjustment body 332 includes that with a wedge portion 334 is provided whose wedge surface 336 with a correspondingly shaped counter-wedge surface 338 of the intermediate body 296 cooperates ( 12th to 14th ).

The adjustment body 332 also applies, as in 15th shown, with a guide section 342 in a guide groove 344 in the central body 284 of the main body 280 one and is in this in a transverse to the adjustment path 322 running direction of guidance 346 and in addition, as in 13th represented by an actuator 352 , for example a set screw, the head of which 354 in the lead direction 346 form-fitting relative to the guide section 342 is fixed, and its threaded section 356 into a threaded hole 358 in the central body 284 of the main body 280 intervenes.

With the actuator 352 there is thus the possibility of using the adjustment body 332 in the lead direction 346 to move, this by moving in the guide direction 346 with the wedge surface 336 on the counter wedge surface 338 ( 14th ) acts and thus in turn a displacement of the intermediate body 296 relative to the base body 280 , especially to the central body 284 , along the adjustment path 322 causes.

It is preferred to detect the relative position of the setting body 332 relative to Central body 284 a display unit 372 provided which markings facing each other 374 and 376 has, one of which on the intermediate body 296 and the other on the central body 284 is arranged.

The second adjustment device 304 is designed in the same way as the first setting device 302 , that is, this includes, as in 15th shown, a web guide 410 , formed by two guide units running parallel to one another 412 and 414 , each of the guide units 412 , 414 a toothing 416 having on the intermediate body 296 is formed, and in a toothed groove 418 , formed on the respective cutter carrier 292 , 294 , in in 14th especially in the illustrated cutter carrier 292 .

With this web guide 410 the respective cutter carrier is guided 292 relative to the intermediate body 296 along an adjustment path 422 ( 11 , 12th ), which is transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the adjustment path 322 runs.

For positioning the cutter carrier 232 along the adjustment path 422 is a positioning unit 430 provided, which, as in 13th shown, an adjusting body 432 having, the with a wedge portion 434 and by means of a wedge surface 436 of the wedge section 434 on a counter wedge surface 436 of the intermediate body 296 acts to thus the intermediate body 296 along the adjustment path 422 relative to the respective cutter carrier 292 , 294 to move.

The adjustment body is for this purpose 432 that with a guide section 442 in a guide groove 444 in the cutter holder 292 in one direction of guidance 446 ( 16 ) is guided, so movable that by moving the adjusting body 432 in the lead direction 446 a displacement of the cutter carrier 292 relative to the intermediate body 296 along the adjustment path 422 is possible.

In the same way as with the setting device 302 is at the setting device 304 an actuator 452 provided its head 454 in the direction of the guide direction 446 form-fitting with the adjustment body 432 is connected and its threaded section 456 into a threaded hole 458 in the cutter holder 292 engages so that by turning the adjusting element 452 a displacement of the adjustment body 432 in the lead direction 446 he follows.

In addition, as in 15th shown, also a display unit 472 provided what markings 474 and 476 includes, with which the position of the adjustment body 432 in the lead direction 446 is detectable ( 15th ).

To each with both setting devices 302 and 304 the wedge surfaces 336 , 346 on the mating wedge surfaces 338 respectively 348 to keep in the system, there is a loading of the intermediate body 296 by an elastic pressure element 482 in the case of the adjuster 302 and an elastic pressure member 484 in the case of the adjuster 304 , where the printing element 482 on the central body 284 is fixed and the pressure element 484 on the intermediate body 286 is fixed ( 15th ).

To fix the respective cutter carrier 292 respectively 294 in the position set relative to the base body in both the Z-direction and the X-direction, for example 280 , especially to the central body 284 is a bracing device 490 intended ( 11 ), which has several bracing elements 492 , for example designed as clamping screws, which on the respective cutter carrier 292 , 294 act, enforce this and also the intermediate body 296 enforce and in the basic body 280 , especially the central body 284 are screwable.

The bracing elements prevail 492 breakthroughs provided for this 494 in the intermediate body 296 .

By tightening the bracing elements 492 the bracing device 490 there is a force-fit fixing of the respective cutter carrier 292 relative to the intermediate body 296 and again a force-fit fixing of the intermediate body 296 relative to the base body 280 , especially relative to the central body 484 , so that overall a force-fit fixation between the base body 280 , the intermediate body 296 and the respective cutter carrier 292 respectively 294 , especially in the area of the bracing device here 490 loaded web guides 310 respectively 410 takes place, so that thereby the cutter carrier 292 and 294 relative to the base body 280 are firmly fixed.

As in the 10 and 17th shown are the cutter carriers 292 and 294 each with shaft mounts 502 and 504 provided in which the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 supporting shafts 506 and 508 are fixable.

Preferably the stems are 506 and 508 into the shaft mounts 502 and 504 insertable and by means of clamping blocks 512 and 514 in the shaft mounts 502 and 504 by application of these clamping blocks 512 and 514 non-positively fixable.

The tool holder 270 ₁ can be fixed to the respective turret head in a wide variety of ways.

For example, the in 10 tool holder shown 270 ₁ for a turret 202 ' designed with a total of five flat sides 262 has, on which in each case the base body 280 of the respective tool holder 270 ₁ can support.

The main body 280 in different ways on the turret head 202 be fixed.

The in 12th , 14th and 17th The illustrated embodiment is the base body 280 with a retaining pin 522 provided in accordance with DIN ISO 108891, which is inserted into a pin receptacle 524 ( 10 and 11 ) in the turret 202 ' can be used and can be fixed in a known manner by bracing.

In addition, the respective support body 282 with both sides of the retaining pin 522 arranged double teeth 526 ( 14th , 17th ), which are transverse to the respective turret axis 212 ' extend and in transverse to the turret axis 212 ' running serration grooves 528 ( 9 , 10 ) on the turret head 202 ' intervene, so that a fixation of the base body 280 on the turret 202 ' according to the European patent 1 514 623 B1 takes place, to which reference is made in full.

In the tool holder according to the invention 270 or 270 ' ₁ are, as in 18th shown, thus in principle both the tool cutting edge WS1 as well as the tool cutting edge WS2 relative to the base body 280 in the simplest case can be positioned in a defined manner, as with the tool holder 270 , or adjustable, as with the tool holder 270 ' .

This, as in 18th shown, the respective tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 , especially their points of intervention E1 and E2 on the respective workpiece W1 respectively W2 relative to a reference point R1 , R2 the respective workpiece spindle unit 32 , 34 adjust.

The reference points R1 , R2 are the ones usually found in every workpiece spindle unit 32 , 34 reference points clearly defined according to identical criteria for machining the in the workpiece spindle unit 32 , 34 recorded workpiece and are in particular on the spindle axes 36 , 38 .

In principle, it would only be necessary to use one of the tool cutting edges for this purpose WS1 , WS2 relative to the other tool cutting edge 274 , 272 to be able to adjust.

To carry out synchronous machining, that is, to carry out the same machining steps on those in the workpiece spindle units 32 , 34 of the spindle set 30th recorded workpieces W1 and W2 during the same period, with only one movement of the tool carrier used for machining 182 relative to the spindle set 30th takes place along the intended axes of movement X, Y, Z, possibly B or H, are the points of intervention E1 and E2 the tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 in the direction perpendicular to the infeed direction X to the spindle axes 36 , 38 to be arranged at a distance AE from one another, which is at least approximately the distance AS of the spindle axes 36 , 38 corresponds so that the points of engagement E1 and E2 on the workpieces W1 and W2 if possible in the same areas on the workpieces W1 and W2 act.

In particular, it is used for synchronous machining of workpieces W1 and W2 in the workpiece spindle units 32 , 34 required, within the scope of the desired machining accuracy, the location of the intervention points E1 and E2 the tool cutting edge WS1 , WS2 on the respective workpiece W1 and W2 relative to the respective reference point R1 , R2 the respective workpiece spindle unit 32 , 34 preset as precisely as possible, with the respective reference point R1 , R2 , usually on the respective spindle axis 36 , 38 lies at a defined point of the same.

For this reason, in synchronous machining, the relative position of the point of contact is E1 , through the distance AZ1 from the reference point R1 in the direction of the spindle axis S1 and the distance AX1 , especially the radial distance RA1 , the tool cutting edge WS1 , as well as the relative position of the second engagement point E2 , defined by the distance AZ2 in the direction of the spindle axis S2 and the distance AX2 , especially the radial distance RA2 , the tool cutting edge WS2 from the spindle axis S2 to be specified within the scope of the desired machining accuracy.

For this purpose, a position that can be specified in a defined manner or the adjustability of the position of one of the tool cutting edges would in principle be used WS1 , WS2 sufficient.

However, since the tool holder 270 ' Should be able to be used as universally as possible, for example both in the turret head 202 of the tool carrier 182 as well as in the turret head 206 of the tool carrier 186 of the first embodiment of the in 1 to 8th The machine tool shown is the defined, predeterminable position or the adjustability of both tool cutting edges WS1 , WS2 advantageous, in order to create the possibility of a machine operator with the most accessible of the cutter carriers 292 , 294 the setting by means of the between the base body 280 of the tool holder 270 ₁ provided adjustment devices 302 and 304 performs while the other is the cutter carrier 292 , 294 does not need to be set.

This gives the option of setting the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 to make them as user-friendly as possible relative to one another.

In the previous explanation of the tool holder 270 ' ₁ was not shown how a distance of the tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 can be adjusted in the direction of the Y-axis of the machine tool.

Because this distance for the dimensional accuracy of the contour of the workpieces W1 and W2 in synchronous machining is less critical than the distances AZ1 and AX1 respectively AZ2 and AX2 , this distance can either be through the shaft mounts 502 , 504 inserted washers or by processing individual components of the cutter carrier 292 , 294 for example machining of the shaft mounts 502 and 504 or the shafts 506 and 508 when assembling the workpiece holder 270 ₁ to the extent necessary for the required machining accuracy.

For processing the workpieces W1 and W2 the positions of the tool cutting edges are preset WS1 and WS2 of the tool holder 270 or 270 ' in a presetting process, for example by means of a presetting device, in which the most exact possible positioning of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be implemented at least in the X and Z directions.

After inserting the tool holder 270 or 270 ' with the preset tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in the turret 202 of the tool carrier 182 takes place in a measuring mode executed before a production mode, controlled by the machine control 118 , a processing of the workpieces provided for this purpose W1 and W2 according to a selected or specified part program, the positions of one of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 , for example the tool cutting edge WS1 , to control the cutting edge set WSS can be used as a reference value, so that this tool cutting edge, as in 19th shown relative to the reference point R1 is moved in a controlled manner, the point of intervention E1 the tool cutting edge WS1 in a parallel to the infeed direction, in particular in the illustrated case parallel to the X-axis, in particular also perpendicular to the spindle axis plane 42 , and through the spindle axis 36 running measuring infeed plane MZE is positioned and moved in this in the infeed direction X along the X axis according to the part program provided, in order to measure the workpieces in the course of a measuring process W1 and W2 with both tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 the workpieces W1 and W2 to edit.

After the measurement processing, the actual workpiece dimensions of the workpieces generated during the measurement processing are recorded W1 and W2 either manually or with one in particular through the machine control 118 controlled and controlled to the machined surfaces can be moved, for example tactile, measuring device MV, with the workpiece W1 the deviations of the actual workpiece dimensions from the workpiece dimensions provided according to the part program directly to the system position errors ΔS of the tool holder system 270 Tool carrier 182 and the other components of the machine tool, while with the workpiece W2 the deviations of the actual workpiece dimensions from the workpiece dimensions provided according to the part program on the system position errors ΔS and the tool edge position errors ΔWS the tool cutting edge WS1 , WS2 are based relative to each other.

In an exemplary simple case, after the measurement machining with the tool cutting edge WS1 machined area a radius measured due to the system position error around the value ΔS (shown in exaggerated measure as an example in 19th ) of the value required in the part program AX1 deviates.

Furthermore, after the measurement machining, the tool cutting edge WS2 machined surface a radius is measured that also differs from the value required in the part program AX2 deviates.

This deviation is based on the one hand on that caused by the system position error ΔS conditional value and additionally on the tool edge position errors ΔWS the tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 , especially in the delivery direction X.

For the sake of simplicity, the value is used in the following description of the tool offset options ΔS recorded as already corrected as the value ΔS through the machine control 118 with the known tool offset intended for a single tool also for the tool cutting edge set WSS and thus for the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 can be corrected together.

Around this tool edge position error ΔWS there are several ways to reduce it.

A first possibility provides for the distance AE between the intervention points E1 and E2 the tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 slightly larger than the distance AS of the spindle axes by a defined value 36 , 38 to be selected, that is, for example, in the region of less than 1 mm, even better, less than 0.5 mm greater than the distance AS.

As in 19th shown that to generate identical radii RA and RA on both workpieces W1 and W2 depending on the position of the tool cutting set WSS, in particular the point of contact E1 the tool cutting edge WS1 , relative to the measuring infeed plane MZE one of the intervention points E1 , the tool cutting WS1 , WS2 in the infeed direction X by the value ΔWS relative to the other intervention point E2 can be offset in the infeed direction X, this being exactly only in the case of a value ΔWSe, a value AE and a value of the radii RA1 , RA2 is true.

Is the value ΔWS For example, smaller than the value ΔWSe, a correction leading to the same radii is also still possible by moving the tool cutting set WSS transversely to the measuring infeed plane MZE and thus transversely to the infeed direction X, that is to say in particular a shift in the Y direction, is possible, as in FIG 20th as shown in 21 shown, the one with the respective tool cutting edge WS1 , WS2 generated radius RA1 , RA2 with the distance of the tool cutting edge WS1 , WS2 of the respective through the spindle axes 36 , 38 and infeed plane running parallel to infeed direction X. ZE1 , ZE2 varies non-linearly, so that when the tool cutter set WSS is shifted in the Y direction, the radius generated in each case changes RA1 , RA2 starting from the delivery level ZE1 , ZE2 initially only changes to a lesser extent and then to an increasingly greater extent, with the change also depending on the radius RA is dependent, as in 21 shown.

This allows the tool cutter set WSS to be shifted in the Y direction in the event of a tool cutter position error ΔWS a generation of identical radii RA by shifting the tool cutting set WSS in the Y direction.

However, if one assumes that first of all to correct the system position error ΔS the point of intervention E1 the tool cutting edge WS1 along the measuring infeed plane MZE is moved in the infeed direction X until the radius provided by the selected part program RA is reached, there are tool cutting edge position errors ΔWS the positions of the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 to the in 22nd with E1 and E2 designated positions of the engagement points in the Y direction relative to the respective, in 22nd coincident central planes shown ZE1 and ZE2 .

A shift of both tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in the Y direction by ΔY has now according to 22nd result in achieving identical radii RA - taking into account the tool cutting edge position error ΔWS - as in 22nd shown schematically - the tool cutting edge WS1 due to the resulting distance ΔY from that of the infeed plane ZE1 formed measuring infeed plane MZE is at a corrected intervention point E1K, which increases in diameter to one diameter RA 'and the tool cutting edge WS2 is at a corrected intervention point E2K, which also corresponds to the diameter RA 'corresponds to, where the radii RA '' are greater than the radius specified in the part program RA .

It is approximate $$\mathrm{R.}\mathrm{A.}\text{'}-\mathrm{R.}\mathrm{A.}=\sqrt{\mathrm{R.}{\mathrm{A.}}^2-\mathrm{4th}\Delta \gamma }-\mathrm{R.}\mathrm{A.}$$

However, by the radius specified by the part program RA on both workpieces W1 , W2 one more correction has yet to be achieved ΔX in the infeed direction X, which results from the fact that with an exclusive shift in the Y direction the resulting identical radii RA ', RA '' are larger than the radii specified by the part program.

This correction that takes place in the infeed direction ΔX corresponds approximately to the difference in the radii RA '- RA .

In addition, the specification of machining tolerances opens up a further possibility, even if the radii are not mathematically exactly identical RA , RA positionable tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 By utilizing the machining tolerances, an extensive compensation of tool cutting edge position errors ΔWS by determining correction values for the position of the tool cutting set WSS and thus indirectly correction values for the position of the respective tool holder 270 , 270 ' to reach.

The above-described determination of the correction values can, for example, be carried out by the machine control 118 by mathematical calculation of the geometrical relationships or by a step-by-step calculation of the values obtained by moving the respective tool cutting set WSS in the Y direction and determining the values that can be achieved for the radii obtained RA1 , RA2 as well as the subsequent determination of the respective pairs of Radii RA1 , RA2 with the smallest difference in values.

The effects described above also result from the selection of a distance AE between the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 , which is smaller than the distance AS of the spindle axes 36 , 38 or 86 , 88 is, since a shift of the workpiece cutting set WSS in the Y direction is the same in 21 and 22nd shows the relationships shown, with the only difference that the shift in the Y direction starting from the measuring infeed plane MZE takes place in the opposite direction than with a distance AE greater than AS.

As an alternative or in addition to shifting the tool cutting edge set WSS in the Y direction, there is a further advantageous possibility of correcting tool cutting edge position errors ΔWS before, as in 23 shown, the distance between the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 to be selected essentially the same or the same as the distance between the spindle axes AS and the turret head carrying the tool cutting set WSS 202 ' of the tool carrier with a position-controlled axis, also referred to in this application as the H-axis, as the turret axis 212 ' , which is aligned parallel to the Z-axis, and to design the tool carrier so that it can be positioned in a position-controlled manner at least in the direction of the X-axis, but in particular also in the direction of the Y-axis.

With the position-controlled H-axis 212 is the tool cutting edge set WSS with the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 in correction mode on a circular path KB ( 23 ) around the H-axis 212 movable so that, as in 24 shown is a tool cutting edge position error ΔWS by swiveling the tool cutting set WSS around the H-axis and thereby possible tilting of a connecting line VL between the tool cutting edges WS1 and WS2 Lets in a corrected connecting line VLK, which causes both tool cutting edges WS1 and W2 with their points of intervention E1 and E2K in the subsequent production mode on both workpieces W1 and W2 identical radii RA and RA generate, in particular the tilting of the connecting line VL also with a shifting of the position of the H-axis 212 in the direction of the X-axis and the Y-axis is combined if, for example, the position of the tool cutting edge WS1 in the central measuring level MZE should be maintained so that the connecting line around the surgical site E1 can be tilted.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that in the machine control 118 In the production mode following the correction mode, the tool offset values generated in the correction mode ΔS , ΔY and ΔX to correct system position errors ΔS and the tool cutting edge position error ΔWS for controlling the tool holder in the machining position 270 or 270 ' ₁ are stored and the machine control 118 thus the tool holder 270 or 270 ' ₁ when machining the workpieces W1 and W2 controls according to the desired workpiece contours to be generated during machining, with the tool cutting edge WS2 necessarily in the same way as the tool cutting edge WS1 is moved and then, when machining the workpiece WS2 the same contour as when machining the workpiece WS1 generated.

In a third embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention 270 ₂ are the basic body 280 , the support body 282 as well as the central body 284 constructed in the same way as in the first embodiment. There is also another intermediate body 542 and 544 in the same way as in the first embodiment by the setting device 302 and the adjustment device 304 relative to the base body 280 adjustable in the direction of the X-axis and the Z-axis, with the formation of the adjustment devices 302 and 304 the intermediate body 296 , designed in the same way as in the previous embodiments ( 25th , 26th ).

The other intermediate bodies 542 and 544 wear cutter carriers 546 and 548 that with receiving elements 552 and 554 are provided, in which in particular non-rotating tools extending in the Z direction, for example standing drilling tools, can be used.

The receiving elements are for this purpose 552 and 554 with recording surfaces 562 and 564 provided, which is coaxial with a central axis parallel to the Z-axis 566 respectively 568 extend.

The cutter carriers 546 , 548 in turn each have a holding approach 572 on what a covenant 574 and one based on the covenant 574 in the direction of an end face 576 extending cylinder body 578 includes, the one to the respective central axis 566 and 568 the receiving elements 552 or. 554 cylindrical outer surface 582 having.

The Bund 574 also forms a radially over the cylindrical outer surface 582 flange surface protruding outwards 584 .

The respective cutter carrier 546 , 548 sits with the respective holding attachment 572 in a positioning ring 592 , which one is the cylinder body 578 in the area of its cylindrical outer surface 582 receiving cylinder holder 594 has and a stop surface 596 forms on which the Flange surface 584 of the holding approach 572 supports ( 26th ).

The positioning ring is also located 592 in turn with a cylindrical outer surface 602 in a ring recording 604 of the receiving body 606 of the intermediate body 542 and is based on one of the ring mounts 604 surrounding support surface 612 with a support surface 614 from.

However, as in 27 shown, the cylindrical receptacle 594 and the cylindrical outer surface 602 not formed coaxially to one another, but rather eccentrically to one another, so that a cylinder axis 616 the cylindrical outer surface 602 opposite the central axis 566 is arranged offset.

This causes the positioning ring to rotate 592 relative to the receiving body 606 a displacement of the holding attachment rotatably received in this 572 transversely to the Z-direction and transversely to the X-direction and thus in particular in the Y-direction, so that an exact setting of the distance between the central axes 566 and 568 is possible.

The adjustment ring 592 with the cylindrical holder 594 for the respective holding approach 572 of the respective receiving element 552 , 554 and the cylindrical receiving surface arranged eccentrically to this 602 that are in the ring recording 604 of the receiving body 606 is arranged, thus provide a total of an adjusting device 624 ( 26th represents the distance between the central axes in the machining position 566 and 568 from each other by moving along a curved adjustment path 626 is adjustable ( 26th ).

Here is the setting path 626 with little movement of the central axes 566 , 568 an approximately straight adjustment path 626 that runs parallel to the Y direction.

Thus, in the third exemplary embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention 270 ₂ by means of three adjustment devices 302 , 304 such as 624 an adjustment of the in the receiving elements 552 and 554 tools to be used because the central axes 566 and 568 can be adjusted relative to one another both in the X-direction and Z-direction as well as in the Y-direction.

For the final fixation of the direction of the adjustment path 626 positioned receiving elements are clamping screws 632 provided that are parallel to the respective central axis 566 respectively 568 through the receiving body 606 extend therethrough and into threaded holes 634 of the receiving element 552 respectively 554 engage, extending from the end face 566 starting in the holding approach 572 extend into it.

The tensioning screws are supported in this process 632 with their respective screw heads 634 on the receiving body 606 from.

The respective holding approach is thus acted upon 572 such that the flange surface 584 force is applied to the stop surface 596 of the setting ring 592 applies and in turn the contact surface 614 of the setting ring 592 force applied to the ring surface 612 of the cutter body 606 creates and thereby a force-fit fixation of the respective receiving element 552 respectively 554 relative to the receiving body 606 and thus relative to the respective intermediate body 542 , 544 in the respective position along the adjustment path 626 he follows.

Thus, the tensioning screws form 632 together with the threaded holes 634 and theirs on the cutter body 606 supported screw heads 636 each the bracing device 630 showing the definition of the receiving elements 552 respectively 554 the cutter carrier 546 respectively 548 relative to the respective intermediate body 542 , 544 causes.

A fourth embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention 270 ₃ is in the 28 to 31 shown.

In this embodiment are in the tool holder 270 ₃ the cutter carriers 662 , 664 with driven tool spindles 672 , 674 provided, with a drive of the tool spindles 672 , 674 in a known manner by means of the draw-in pin 522 penetrating drive shaft 682 takes place, the one over the draw-in pin 522 protruding coupling piece 684 has and in the base body 280 ' as well as in the draw-in pin 522 is rotatably mounted.

As tools are in these tool spindles 672 , 674 all types of powered tools, in particular milling tools or drilling tools, can be used.

The drive shaft 682 drives a in the base body 280 arranged drive wheel 692 one to a shaft axis 686 the drive shaft 682 radial toothing 694 and one with respect to the shaft axis 686 axial toothing 696 has, which is designed for example in the manner of a crown gear.

The axial toothing 696 drives one on an intermediate shaft 702 sitting gear 706 with the intermediate shaft 702 around a Intermediate shaft axis 704 is rotatable, which is perpendicular to the shaft axis 686 runs.

On this intermediate shaft 702 there is also a bevel gear 708 , which is a bevel gear 712 drives, which rotates with the spindle 674 connected, the spindle 674 around a transverse to the intermediate shaft axis 704 Spindle axis 714 rotatable in a cutter carrier body 716 is stored.

The cutter body 716 which the spindle 674 rotatably supports, forms a retaining ring body 718 , which in a retaining ring receptacle 722 of the central body 284 ' of the main body 280 ' is used.

The cutter body 716 for its part still carries a bearing 732 for mounting the intermediate shaft 702 and the intermediate shaft is also supported 702 in one in the central body 284 ' arranged support bearing 734 , for example in the central body 284 ' by means of an insert 736 is supported radially.

Preferably, the retaining ring body 718 of the cutter carrier 664 and the retaining ring mount 722 of the central body 284 ' designed so that the cutter carrier 664 in the direction of the intermediate shaft axis 704 in slightly different positions relative to the central body 284 ' can be mounted, so that the distance between the tool spindle axis 714 from the central body 284 ' when attaching the cutter carrier 664 is adjustable within small limits, the intermediate shaft 702 through the camp 732 together with the cutter carrier 664 in the direction of the intermediate shaft axis 704 can be positioned, which is possible because the axial toothing 696 of the drive wheel 692 is designed in the form of a crown gear.

The radial teeth of the drive wheel 692 in turn drives an intermediate wave 742 around an intermediate shaft axis 744 is rotatable, which is also to the shaft axis 686 extends and preferably parallel to the intermediate shaft axis 704 is aligned.

The intermediate shaft contributes to the drive 742 a crown gear 746 , which with the radial teeth 694 is engaged.

The intermediate shaft also drives 742 via a bevel gear 748 also a bevel gear 752 the tool spindle 672 on, the tool spindle 672 around a tool spindle axis 754 is rotatable, which is parallel to the tool spindle axis 714 is aligned.

In particular, the tool spindle 672 in a cutter carrier body 756 of the cutter carrier 662 around the tool spindle axis 754 rotatably mounted.

For example, this tool holder 270 ₃ the two tool spindle axes 714 and 754 in a tool spindle axis plane 758 that are perpendicular to the shaft axis 686 runs.

A support for the cutter body 756 takes place via an in 30th and 31 shown and with the cutter carrier body 756 connected guide body 762 , which in a recess 764 of the central body 284 ' engages, the recess 764 two parallel to the shaft axis 686 running guide surfaces 766 and 768 having the guide body 762 between them and also parallel to the shaft axis 686 running outer surfaces 772 and 774 to lead.

Thus form the guide surfaces 766 and 768 of the central body 284 ' together with the exterior surfaces 772 and 774 of the guide body 762 an adjustment device 782 , comprising a web guide 784 their adjustment path 786 parallel to the shaft axis 686 and thus in the machining position of the tool holder 270 ₃ runs parallel to the X direction.

The positioning and fixation of the guide body 262 including the cutter carrier body 756 and thus the positioning and fixing of the entire cutter carrier 662 along the adjustment path 786 takes place by means of a fixing unit and positioning unit 790 which as relative to the central body 284 ' rotatable adjusting screw is formed in the direction of its screw axis 794 immovable in the central body 284 ' is mounted and with a threaded section 796 into a threaded hole 798 in the guide body 762 engages so that by turning the adjusting screw 792 a positioning and fixing of the guide body 762 and the cutter body firmly connected to it 756 and thus of the entire cutter carrier 662 along the adjustment path 786 is possible.

The intermediate shaft is supported 742 by means of a warehouse 802 relative to the cutter carrier body 756 and by means of a bearing 804 relative to the guide body 762 so that when the cutter carrier body is displaced 756 along the adjustment path 786 at the same time a shift of the intermediate shaft 742 he follows.

This shift of the intermediate shaft 742 along the adjustment path 786 relative to the radial toothing 694 of the drive wheel 692 is possible because the intermediate shaft 742 to drive with the crown gear 746 is provided, which is relative to the radial toothing 694 can move.

With the tool holder 270 ₃ is therefore only the cutter carrier 662 relative to the base body 280 of the tool holder 270 ₃ adjustable in the machining position in the X direction, while the cutter holder 664 is not adjustable in the X direction, but in different positions relative to the central body in the Y direction 284 ' positionable, so that overall there is the possibility of the tool spindle axes 714 and 754 position relative to each other in both the X-direction and the Y-direction.

A fifth embodiment of a tool holder according to the invention 270 ₄ , shown in 32 is based on the first embodiment of the tool holder according to the invention and also has the base body 280 on, on its central body 284 the cutter carriers 292 and 294 are arranged.

However, the cutter carriers are seated 292 and 294 directly on the central body 284 , that is, the support body 282 have been omitted.

In this case the cutter carriers are 292 and 294 not with an adjustment device relative to the central body 284 adjustable, but firmly connected to this, for example by means of the bracing elements 492 , with the cutter carrier 292 and 294 by frictional connection relative to the central body 284 are fixed.

By eliminating the intermediate body 296 is the distance AE 'of the intervention points E1 and E2 significantly smaller than the distance AE in the first exemplary embodiment of the tool holder 270 ₁ so that both tool cutting edges WS1 , WS2 not on both workpieces at the same time W1 and W2 can be used.

Rather, as in 32 and 33 shown with the tool holder 270 ₄ , asynchronous machining or individual machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 .

For example, the workpiece is first machined W1 with the tool cutting edge WS1 so that the surgical site E1 the tool cutting edge WS1 a defined sequence of positions relative to the reference point R1 when machining the workpiece W1 runs through, which are on the one hand at varying intervals AX1 and varying distances AZ2 demonstrate ( 32 ).

At the same time is the tool cutting edge WS2 inactive, this is preferably between the two workpieces W1 and W2 due to the reduced distance AE '.

In this case, the machine tool works so that the machine control 118 for the tool cutting edge WS1 Correction parameters are available that make it possible to determine the position of the tool cutting edge WS1 relative to the reference point R1 to be positioned so that exactly the changing distances AZ1 and AX1 Defined sequence of relative positions during the intended machining step for the contour of the workpiece to be produced W1 is run through.

After machining the workpiece W1 with the tool cutting edge WS1 there is a change to machining the workpiece W2 through the tool cutting edge WS2 ( 33 ), where for the tool cutting edge WS2 In this case, correction parameters are also provided that position the tool cutting edge WS2 , as in 33 shown for the same machining step as it was for the workpiece W1 was performed on the workpiece W2 relative to the reference point R2 allow, so that exactly in the same period of time for the identical contour of the workpiece W2 due to changing distances AZ2 and AX2 defined sequence of relative positions in exactly the same time sequence as for the workpiece W1 be traversed so that after machining the workpiece W1 with the tool cutting edge WS1 and the workpiece W2 with the tool cutting edge WS2 the workpieces W1 and W2 which have exactly the same shape.

With such an individual processing, the advantage is that any errors in the positioning of the engagement points E1 and E2 to the respective reference points R1 and R2 that can occur with synchronous machining, and that also for the relative movements of each tool cutting edge WS1 and W2 separate correction parameters for controlling the movement of the tool carrier 182 relative to the spindle block 30th can be used.

For example, by means of a tool holder 270 ₁ pre-machining of the workpieces W1 and W2 As synchronous machining and for high-precision finishing operations, for example, asynchronous or individual machining is carried out with the tool holder 270 ₄ .

The advantage of single machining compared to a single-spindle machine is that the piece times are reduced compared to the single-spindle machine, as there is even a change from machining the workpiece W1 for machining the workpiece W1 only by a quick movement of the tool carrier 182 can be reached over a short distance.

Also stands for each of the workpieces W1 and W2 one of these assigned tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 available so that when machining the same number of workpieces W1 , W2 the wear of the tool cutting edges within a specified period of time WS1 and WS2 is less.

In a second exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention, shown in FIG 34 those elements which are identical to those of the first exemplary embodiment are provided with the same reference symbols, so that reference can be made in full to the explanations relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the second exemplary embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention is that of the first spindle set 30th facing tool carriers 182 ' with a turret 202 ' provided, which around a turret axis 212 ' is rotatable, which is parallel to the spindle axis plane 42 , but transversely, in particular perpendicular to the spindle axis center plane 222 of the sentence 30th of workpiece spindle units 32 , 34 runs.

Furthermore is the tool carrier 186 ' designed so that a turret axis 216 of the turret 206 parallel to the spindle set center planes 222 , 224 and across the spindle axis planes 42 , 92 runs, with the turret 206 ' in the vertical direction above the turret housing 196 " and thus both on the main spindle set 30th as well as on the counter spindle block 80 can be used with the tools held in this.

In contrast, the tool carrier is 184 formed unchanged relative to the first embodiment.

Otherwise, those elements which are identical to the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference symbols, so that in this regard reference can be made to the statements relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In a third embodiment ( 37 ) is the tool carrier 182 ''' with two non-rotatably coupled turret heads 802 and 804 provided, which are arranged relative to each other that their station for tool holder 270 , as in 38 shown are offset from one another with an angular offset that is 180 ° divided by the number of stations per turret head 802 and 804 corresponds so that the tool cutting edge WS1 and WS2 the tool holder 270 of the two turret heads 802 , 804 on the workpieces, for example the spindle set 30th can be used alternately, with a change of the tool holders 270 one of the turrets 802 , 804 to the tool holders 270 the other of the turrets 804 , 802 by moving the tool carrier 182 ''' takes place in the Z direction.

In particular here are the turret heads 802 and 804 designed in the form of regular pentagons to allow a sufficiently large offset of the tool holder 270 to obtain.

Otherwise, those elements which are identical to the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference symbols, so that in this regard reference can be made to the explanations relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In a fourth embodiment ( 39 ) is the tool carrier 186 '''of the machine tool as a linear tool carrier with a tool carrier head 812 formed, for example, each of the spindle sets 30th and 80 assigned tool sets 812 and 814 or. 816 and 818 has, by a movement of a tool carrier head 810 can be used alternately in the Y direction for synchronous machining, with the machining in the respective spindle blocks 30th and 80 recorded workpieces W1 and W2 the tool holder head can experience a shift in the X, Y and Z directions, depending on which contour is to be created on the workpieces.

In particular, the tool holder head 810 , for example additionally for each tool with a milling spindle that only drives it 822 provided, which can be easily installed and driven in a linear tool carrier.

Otherwise, those elements which are identical to the preceding exemplary embodiments are provided with the same reference symbols, so that in this regard reference can be made to the statements relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

In a fifth embodiment ( 40 ) is the tool carrier 186 '''as a milling spindle 832 formed using a single milling tool 834 with high drive power, which then drives the workpieces of the spindle sets 30th and 80 is used for individual processing.

The milling spindle is for this purpose 832 Can be moved linearly in the X, Y and Z directions and rotatable about a B axis, so that the milling tool can be used 834 both on the workpieces in the spindle set 30th as well as on the workpieces in the spindle set 80 can be done.

Incidentally, those elements are common to the preceding exemplary embodiments are identical, provided with the same reference numerals, so that in this regard reference can be made to the statements relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 8700343 U [0002]
• EP 1414615 [0178]
• EP 2544854 [0178]
• EP 1514623 B1 [0218]

Claims (94)

Machine tool comprising a machine frame (10), at least one spindle set (30) arranged on the machine frame (10) with a first workpiece spindle unit (32) and a second workpiece spindle unit (34), the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) of which are parallel to one another aligned and arranged at a distance next to one another and on the same side of a work space (60), in particular rigidly relative to one another, and each comprising workpiece holders (52, 54) facing the work space (60), and further comprising at least one on the machine frame (10) arranged tool carriers (182, 186) carrying tools with tool cutters (WS1, WS2), the spindle set (30) and the tool carrier (182, 186) relative to one another along at least one axis of movement (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool, in particular by means of a machine control (118), can be moved in a controlled manner in order to move workpieces ( W1, W2), characterized in that at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS), comprising at least one first (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2), is arranged on the tool carrier (182, 186), that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (W1, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that the first tool cutting edge (WS1) of the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the second tool cutting edge (WS2) of the second workpiece spindle unit (34) is assigned and that in a machining position of the tool cutter set (WS1, WS2) when performing the synchronous machining of the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) in a production mode according to a predetermined parts program, each of the tool cutters (WS1 , WS2) relative to the respective reference point (R1, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit it (32, 34) has the same relative position within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances. Machine tool after Claim 1 , characterized in that during synchronous machining the two tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting set (WSS) are arranged in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular, to their feed direction (X) at a distance from one another which is at least approximately a distance between the spindle axes (36 , 38, 86, 88). Machine tool after Claim 2 , characterized in that the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the infeed direction (X) is greater than a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Machine tool after Claim 2 , characterized in that the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is smaller than a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Machine tool after Claim 2 , characterized in that the distance between the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is equal to the distance between the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in the direction of their feed direction (X) so that they are at least approximately in the same distance from a spindle axis plane (42) in which the two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) lie. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed in such a way that it connects the tool carrier (182, 184, 188) with the tool cutting edge set (WSS) in the machining position in the infeed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges ( WS1, WS2) is moved in the direction of the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the spindle set (30, 80) according to a selected part program. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it, in particular before executing the production mode, in a measuring mode, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) according to the selected parts program in the The infeed direction (X) is moved towards the respective workpieces (W1, W2) and a measurement processing specified by the selected part program is carried out. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (R1, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and this is selected Tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining according to the selected part program. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring mode the machine control (118) places the selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in a measuring feed plane (MZE) running parallel to the feed direction and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88) ) emotional. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed in such a way that it, in particular before executing the production mode, is in a correction mode with the workpieces (W1, W2) recorded after the end of the measurement mode and during the Measurement machining generated workpiece dimensions by at least one tool correction corrects the alignment of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) within the specified machining tolerances with the the selected part program in the following production modes generate the same workpiece dimensions for the workpieces (W1, W2). Machine tool after Claim 11 , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting set (WSS) of the set of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular to the infeed direction (X) spindle axis plane (42). Machine tool after Claim 11 or 12th , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) along a linear axis (Y) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component in the feed direction (X). Machine tool after Claim 14 , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement along a linear axis (X) with a component in the feed direction (X). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool correction is a rotation of the tool carrier (182, 189, 186) about an axis of rotation running parallel to the spindle axis plane (42), in particular parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) includes. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis (212) of a tool carrier (182, 184, 186) designed as a tool turret. Machine tool after Claim 17 , characterized in that the axis of rotation is an axis of rotation (212) which is position-regulated by the machine controller (118). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed such that it changes the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the correction mode at least in one direction transverse to the measuring infeed plane (MZE). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine control (118) is designed so that it changes the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the correction mode in the direction parallel to the measuring infeed plane (MZE). Machine tool according to the generic term of Claim 1 or according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one tool cutter set (30), comprising at least one first tool cutter (WS1) and at least one second tool cutter (WS2), is arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) Tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry and the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) and the at least one second workpiece cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34), and that when performing asynchronous machining In each machining position, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) have different positions relative to the respective reference point (R1, R2) relative to the respective reference point (R1, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) in the direction of at least one movement axis (Y) of the machine tool . Machine tool after Claim 21 , characterized in that the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) or the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) can be moved alternately into a machining position relative to the workpiece (WS1, WS2) to be machined by an adjusting movement of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) are. Machine tool after Claim 21 or 22nd , characterized in that each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in their respective Machining position relative to the reference point (R1, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) passes through the same relative positions. Machine tool according to one of the Claims 21 to 23 , characterized in that each of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) has the same orientation in its respective machining position relative to at least one of the movement axes (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool. Machine tool according to one of the Claims 21 to 24 , characterized in that during asynchronous machining the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in a direction (Y) running transversely to the spindle axes (36, 38) of the spindle set (30) relative to the respective reference point ( R1, R2) of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) have different relative positions. Machine tool according to the generic term of Claim 1 or according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) with their spindle axes (36, 38) define a spindle axis plane (42) which runs through the two spindle axes (36, 38) and which is transverse, in particular perpendicular, to which at least one axis of movement (X) of the machine tool runs. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, in particular a further, movement axis (Y, Z) of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axis plane (42). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one, in particular a further, movement axis (Z) of the machine tool runs parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several tool cutter sets (WSS) for performing synchronous machining and / or asynchronous machining are arranged on the at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one tool carrier (182, 184, 186) is designed as a tool turret which has a turret head (202, 204, 206) which, relative to a turret housing (192, 194, 196 ) is rotatable about a turret axis (212, 214, 216). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) transversely to a spindle set center plane (42) lying centrally between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) and extending perpendicular to the spindle axis plane (42). 222) runs. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) is parallel to a spindle set center plane lying centrally between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the respective spindle set (30) and extending perpendicular to the spindle axis plane (42) (222) runs. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) runs transversely to the spindle axis plane (42). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 1 to 14th , characterized in that the turret axis (212, 214, 216) runs parallel to the spindle axis plane (42). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool carrier is designed as a linear tool carrier (186 '''). Tool carrier according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool carrier is provided with at least one tool spindle (822, 832). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool carrier (182 '''', 186 '''') can be pivoted in a position-controlled manner about a pivot axis (B, H). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) comprise motor spindles. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) are of identical design. Machine tool according to the generic term of Claim 1 or according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance between the spindle axes (36, 38) of the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) within a spindle set in the range from 1.5 to 3 times a maximum workpiece diameter of this workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) lies. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the workpiece spindle units (32, 34) of the spindle set (30) are arranged in a common spindle receiving body (24). Machine tool after Claim 40 or 41 , characterized in that the spindle receiving body (24) is tempered by a temperature control medium. Machine tool after Claim 42 , characterized in that the spindle receiving body (24) has a cooling channel system (152) through which the temperature control medium flows. Machine tool after Claim 24 or 25th , characterized in that the temperature control medium keeps the spindle receiving body (24) in a defined temperature range. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spindle axes (36, 38) of the spindle set (30) run essentially horizontally. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) are each arranged on a common tool holder (270). Machine tool after Claim 28 , characterized in that the tool holder (270) is detachably mounted on the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186). Machine tool after Claim 46 or 47 , characterized in that the tool holder (270) is mounted so as to be oriented in a defined manner relative to the respective tool carrier (182, 184, 186) by form-fitting elements (526, 528). Machine tool after Claim 48 , characterized in that the form-fit elements (526, 528) are effective between a support surface (262) of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) and a support surface of the tool holder (270). Machine tool after Claim 48 or 49 , characterized in that the form-fit elements (526, 528) provide a defined alignment of the tool holder (270) relative to the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in three spatial directions running transversely to one another. Machine tool according to one of the Claims 46 to 50 , characterized in that the tool holder (270) is provided with at least one holding pin (522) which engages in a holding pin receptacle (524) of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186). Machine tool after Claim 51 , characterized in that the holding pin (522) with the holding receptacle (524) holds the form-locking elements (526, 528) in engagement. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the first and second tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) can be positioned in a defined manner in different positions relative to the tool carrier. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the first and second tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) can be adjusted relative to the tool carrier by means of at least one adjusting device (302, 304, 622). Machine tool after Claim 53 or 54 , characterized in that the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in the machining position can be predefined or set in a defined manner in the feed direction (X) with an adjusting device (304). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 53 to 55 , characterized in that the relative position of the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) in the machining position in the direction parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38) can be predefined or set in a defined manner with an adjusting device (302). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 53 to 56 , characterized in that both the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) can be positioned in a defined manner relative to the tool carrier or can be adjusted by means of at least one setting device (302, 304, 622). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine frame (10) has a machine bed body (16) which rises above a standing surface (12) and which has a front side (26) extending in the vertical direction with at least one component, in front of which the working space (60) is arranged. Machine tool after Claim 58 , characterized in that the spindle set (30) is arranged in front of the front side (26) of the machine bed body (16). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a spindle axis plane (42) of the respective spindle set (30) runs transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the front side (26). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 58 to 60 , characterized in that a spindle receiving body (24) of the spindle set (30) is held stationary on the machine bed body (16). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 58 to 61 , characterized in that the spindle receiving body (24) of the spindle set (30) is arranged on a slide that can be moved parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38) and is movable with this guide slide (112) relative to the machine bed body (16). Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one spindle set (30) represents a main spindle set (30) and that another spindle set represents a counter spindle set (80), and that the main spindle set (30) and the counter spindle set (80) are located opposite one another Sides of the work space (60), each with the workpiece holders (52, 54, 102, 104) facing this, are arranged. Machine tool after Claim 63 , characterized in that at least two tool carriers (182, 184, 186) are provided on the machine frame (10), one of the tool carriers (182, 184) having at least one set of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (W1, W2) of the main spindle set (30) and another of the tool carriers (184) has at least one set of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for machining workpieces (W1, W2) in the counter spindle set (80). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 63 or 64 , characterized in that at least one of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) has several sets of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for the main spindle set (30). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 63 to 65 , characterized in that at least one of the tool carriers (182, 184, 186) has several sets of tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) for the counter spindle set (80). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 63 to 66 , characterized in that at least the main spindle set (30) or the counter spindle set (80) can be moved in a direction parallel to their spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) relative to one another, in particular also relative to the machine frame (10). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 63 to 67 , characterized in that at least the main spindle set (30) or the counter spindle set (80) can be moved to the respective other spindle set (30) so that in particular a transfer of workpieces (W1, W2) from workpiece holders (52, 54) of the one Spindle set (30, 80) can be executed directly in the workpiece holders (52, 54) of the other spindle set (30). Machine tool according to one of the Claims 63 to 68 , characterized in that the main spindle set (30) and the counter spindle set (80) are arranged in front of the front side of the machine bed body (16). A method for operating a machine tool, comprising a machine frame (10), a first spindle set (30) arranged on the machine frame (10) with two spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) aligned parallel to one another, as well as lying next to one another and on the same Side of a work space (60), in particular workpiece spindle units (32, 34) arranged rigidly relative to one another, each having workpiece mounts (52, 54, 102, 104) facing the work space (60), and further comprising at least one on the machine frame (10 ) arranged, tool cutters (WS1, WS2) having tool carriers (182, 184, 186), the spindle set (30) and the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to one another along at least one movement axis (X, Y, Z) of the machine tool are moved by means of a machine control (118) in order to machine workpieces (W1, W2) arranged in the workpiece receiving units of the spindle set (30), characterized in that that for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the spindle set (30) on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least one tool cutting edge set (WSS) comprising at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) and at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) be arranged that for synchronous machining of the workpieces (W1, W2) the at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) is assigned to the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining the workpiece (W1) held therein and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) is assigned to the second Workpiece spindle unit (34) for processing the workpiece (W1, W2) held therein is assigned that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry that in a processing position of the tool cutting set (WSS) during synchronous processing in a production mode according to a predetermined part program each of the Tool cutting edge (W1, W2) has the same relative position relative to the respective reference point (R1, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) within the framework of predetermined machining tolerances Procedure according to Claim 70 , characterized in that during synchronous machining the two tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to their feed direction (X), at a distance (AE) from one another which is at least approximately a distance ( AS) corresponds to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Procedure according to Claim 71 , characterized in that the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is selected greater than a distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Procedure according to Claim 71 , characterized in that the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is selected to be smaller than a distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Procedure according to Claim 71 , characterized in that the distance (AE) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X) is selected equal to the distance (AS) of the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). Method according to one of the Claims 70 to 74 , characterized in that, for synchronous machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are arranged on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) in the direction of their feed direction (X) so that they are at least approximately the same distance from the spindle axis plane (42) stand. Method according to one of the Claims 70 to 75 , characterized in that the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) with the tool cutting edge set (WSS) in the machining position in the feed direction (X) of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) in the direction of the workpieces (W1 , W2) is moved during processing of the same. Method according to one of the Claims 70 to 76 , characterized in that, in particular before executing the production mode in a measuring mode, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (WSS) are moved towards the respective workpieces (W1, W2) in the feed direction (X) in accordance with the selected part program, and one through the selected part program specified measurement processing is carried out. Method according to one of the Claims 70 to 77 , characterized in that in the measuring mode the relative position of a selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) to the corresponding reference point (R1, R2) of the respective workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is used as a reference value for synchronous machining and this selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is controlled during synchronous machining according to the selected part program. Method according to one of the Claims 70 to 78 , characterized in that in the measuring mode the selected tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is moved in a measuring feed plane (MZE) running parallel to the feed direction (X) and through the selected spindle axis (36, 38, 86, 88). Method according to one of the Claims 70 to 79 , characterized in that in a correction mode with the workpiece dimensions recorded after the end of the measurement mode and generated during the measurement machining, the alignment of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) relative to the respective spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88) is determined by at least one tool correction. is changed in such a way that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) generate the same workpiece dimensions in the following production modes within the framework of the specified machining tolerances with the selected part program. Procedure according to Claim 80 , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) of the tool cutting edge set (SS) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X). Procedure according to Claim 80 or 81 , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement along a linear axis (Y) with a component transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the infeed direction (X). Method according to one of the Claims 80 to 82 , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) with a component in the feed direction (X). Procedure according to Claim 83 , characterized in that the tool correction comprises a movement of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) along a linear axis (X) with a component in the feed direction (X). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool correction involves rotating the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) about an axis of rotation (42) parallel to the spindle axis plane (42), in particular parallel to the spindle axes (36, 38, 86, 88). 212) includes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation is formed by a tool turret axis (212) of a tool carrier (182) designed as a tool turret. Procedure according to Claim 85 or 86 , characterized in that the axis of rotation (212) is a position-regulated axis of rotation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the correction mode the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are changed at least transversely to the measuring infeed plane (MZE). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the correction mode the positions of the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are changed in the infeed direction (X). Procedure according to the generic term of Claim 70 or after one of the Claims 71 to 89 , characterized in that for machining the workpieces (W1, W2) accommodated in the spindle set (30) on the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) at least two tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are arranged, that at least one first tool cutting edge (WS1) the first workpiece spindle unit (32) for machining the workpiece (W1, W2) held therein is assigned that at least one second tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is assigned to the second workpiece spindle unit (34) for machining the workpiece (W1, W2) held therein that the at least one first and the at least one second tool cutting edge (WS2) have an identical cutting edge geometry, that in asynchronous machining the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are used consecutively on the respective workpieces (W1, W2), that the at least one Tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of each of the cutting edge carriers relative to the reference point (R1, R2) of the corresponding workpiece spindle unit (32, 34) is moved in a controlled manner by means of the machine control (118) taking into account tool correction values and thereby runs through a sequence of relative positions to the reference point (R1, R2) which is identical in terms of time and location for both workpieces (W1, W2). Procedure according to Claim 90 , characterized in that, for individual machining, the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that only one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) is used. Procedure according to Claim 91 , characterized in that the tool cutting edges (WS1, WS2) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the tool cutting edge (WS2, WS1) not used for machining is collision-free with the workpieces (W1, W2) held in the first and second tool spindle units, in particular between this one, moved. Method according to one of the Claims 90 to 92 , characterized in that asynchronous machining is used for finishing the workpieces (W1, W2). Method according to one of the Claims 90 to 93 , characterized in that during asynchronous machining the relative movement of the tool carrier (182, 184, 186) to the spindle set (30) takes place under consideration of separate tool correction data for the at least one tool cutting edge (WS1, WS2) of the respective cutter carrier.

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