EP0524986A1

EP0524986A1 - Automatic multi-spindle lathe

Info

Publication number: EP0524986A1
Application number: EP19910907158
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rainer Daumann
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-04-17
Filing date: 1991-04-16
Publication date: 1993-02-03
Also published as: AU7588091A; DE9190058U1; WO1991016161A1

Abstract

Tour automatique multibroche avec disposition circulaire et stationnaire des broches porte-pièces (9). Au tour est associé coaxialement, avec division et diamètre correspondants, une tête revolver porte-outil en tambour (4) à transfert circulaire, laquelle engage ses outils (6) simultanément dans les différentes broches (9), suite à quoi, après un cycle rotatif complet, chaque outil de revolver (6) a été engagé dans chaque broche (9). A chaque broche porte-pièces (9) est associé un chariot à transversal CNC (10, 12), lequel peut usiner la pièce (7) pendant toute la durée de ce cycle rotatif sans entraves de l'extérieur. Grâce à des dispositions asymétriques des broches, il est possible d'optimiser la chute des copeaux et le confort de manoeuvre. Le revolver (4) peut aussi effectuer des cycles intermédiaires et doubler ainsi le nombre d'outils utilisables (6). Un robot (17) peut être relié avantageusement à la machine.Multi-spindle automatic lathe with circular and stationary arrangement of the work-holding spindles (9). The lathe is coaxially associated, with corresponding division and diameter, a revolver head tool holder in drum (4) with circular transfer, which engages its tools (6) simultaneously in the different spindles (9), after which, after a cycle complete rotary, each revolver tool (6) has been engaged in each spindle (9). Each workpiece spindle (9) is associated with a CNC transverse carriage (10, 12), which can machine the workpiece (7) for the duration of this rotary cycle without hindrance from the outside. Thanks to the asymmetrical arrangement of the pins, it is possible to optimize the fall of the chips and the operating comfort. The revolver (4) can also perform intermediate cycles and thus double the number of usable tools (6). A robot (17) can be advantageously connected to the machine.

Description

The invention relates to multi-spindle automatic lathes, in particular CNC multi-spindle automatic lathes.

Mechanically controlled multi-spindle automatic lathes with circular work piece spindles, fixed cross slides and stationary tool places coaxial to the spindles have dominated the mass production of turned parts for around 100 years.

The disadvantage of these machines is the large number of

various tools, mostly forming tools to produce a single type of workpiece. In addition, these tools grip different workstations in a workpiece, so that one

A variety of settings must be made before a dimensionally correct workpiece leaves the machine, and a variety of dimensions must be checked for each workpiece in the case of a producing machine, with the checking of shapes being particularly complex. Furthermore, the many tools attacking a workpiece create burr problems at the tool's entry and exit. The number of internal machining tools is usually limited to the number of spindles. If these are not enough, you have to resort to more expensive molds. The rotating spindle drum causes envelope errors, that is

Dimensional fluctuations from part to part, which are exacerbated when the cross slides are not parallel to the assigned Move the spindle axis and the Sindel drum axis. Falling chips of the upper spindles often lead to malfunctions in the lower spindles. Converting a machine to a new product can take a few days. A relatively high level of training is required of the conversion staff and also of the operating staff.

Multi-spindle automatic lathes of this principle have been used for a long time, which are on one or more layers

Own CNC cross slides. The relatively slow CNC cross slide must move back from its working position in the area of the rotating clocked spindles. Then the drum cycles and the CNC cross-slide moves back to its working position relatively slowly. Except that the relatively fast mechanically controlled cross slides on the relatively slow

CNC slides have to wait, go the three times of

Moving away, switching drums and going for the cycle time lost, this loss for the total usable

Machining time per workpiece even has to be multiplied by the number of spindles.

The invention is based on the object

To develop CNC-compatible multi-spindle automatic lathes that eliminate or minimize the aforementioned disadvantages. This means:

Better utilization of the cycle time, less variety of tools, more standard tools, less machine set-up time, less control effort, burr-free outer contours, more tool places for internal machining, higher product quality, better Chip fall, better ease of use, higher flexibility and lower demands on the staff.

This task is solved by the construction principle specified in claim 1.

The sub-claims contain further advantageous

Embodiments of the invention.

The gain in production time results from the fact that the interruptions caused by the

Toggle a spindle drum and drop it

External machining tool (8) can work through undisturbed during the entire machining process. The tool drum turret (4) performing the rotary switching movement can perform a relatively fast switching movement because of its comparatively low mass compared to a spindle drum. In Fig.1-18 only one external machining tool (8) is pro

CNC cross slide (10, 12) shown. This is sufficient for many copies. Several external machining tools (8) can be arranged offset according to Fig. 19-20 or, since the CNC cross slide (10) can protrude into the pitch circle (14) without disturbing, two on both sides of the workpiece (7) on the cross slide ( 10) Arranged tools work the workpiece alternately (oscillating) one after the other. With a combination of both of the aforementioned principles, the possible number of slide tools can be increased further. A separate tool turret can also be provided for the cross slide. A standard copying tool is used for many applications are enough to turn a burr-free outer contour. A length and a suffice for dimension monitoring

Check the diameter to monitor the entire workpiece. This also simplifies the adjustment effort when changing products. The multi-spindle automatic lathe according to the invention can be used for experimentation or optimization without particular problems

Effort can also be driven single-spindle. An optimized spindle (9) can be immediately transferred to the whole and, of course, any other machine using the CNC program.

The revolving tool drum turret (4) creates further options for the flexibility of the automatic lathe. If only minor internal machining is to be carried out, the turret can carry out a double indexing cycle and, with the appropriate parallel equipment of the internal machining tools (6), can execute a complete indexing cycle in half the number of indexing steps, which leads to a further reduction in cycle time. Conversely, if a very complicated internal machining is to be carried out, the tool drum turret (4) can only do half

Carry out the indexing step, free intermediate tool spaces (2) (Fig. 16) are filled with tools, and the user has twice the number of internal machining tools (6)

Available. The relatively high possible number of tool places also means that there is no need for molding tools and the increased use of only tooling. The same can be increased

Internal deburring tools can be accommodated. There is the possibility of parallel tool sets (6a, 6b) (Fig. 8) to set up, so that after the wear of the first set of tools is switched, the other set clocked without engaging. The other tool set can also be assigned to a different workpiece and can only be used when the product is changed, the respective one

Dimension setting of the tools is retained. This

Dimension setting for a product that is often to be manufactured can also be retained by completely replacing an additional ring-shaped or disc-shaped tool holder on the turret (4). A revolver can also be equipped with tools on both sides and the required one by turning through 180 degrees

Tool set can be selected.

To improve the chip fall, you can first

Chip plates in the pitch circle (14) below the

overhead spindles (9) can be mounted, since this arrangement is fixed. Another option is not to occupy the lower ones specified by the division and division

Spindle slots (Fig. 7-9, 15). The chips can now, without clogging the spindles (9) below, from the upper ones

Spindles (9) fall down into the chip container, which eliminates one of the main causes of malfunctions during turning. Another advantageous spindle arrangement due to gaps on the pitch circle (14) is the design of a preferred one

Operator side (Fig. 12, 18, 20). This makes it much easier for the operator to take care of and monitor the automatic lathe. All functions, in particular troubleshooting and Tool changes can be carried out from one side. It is not necessary to walk around the machine as with symmetrical arrangements. This also saves operating personnel. To further increase the ease of use, the turret can also be designed to be pivotable, which means that the workpiece spindles (eg for cleaning) are freely accessible.

The multi-spindle automatic lathe according to the invention can be looked after by less qualified personnel, since it is easier to change over to another product, since the ease of use is greater and because the control effort is lower. Dimensional corrections can be made while the machine is running.

The fixed arrangement of the workpiece spindles (9) simplifies the construction of the workpiece clamping and one

Bar feeds. Regarding a moment of inertia, a stiffer spindle bearing is possible. An envelope mistake no longer occurs. The CNC cross slides (10) can be assigned to the spindles (9) at any angle without multiplying them. The pitch circle (14) can be enlarged without taking into account the rotational moment of inertia, as a result of which the stability and user-friendliness of the multi-spindle automatic lathe according to the invention can be further increased. Without

Regarding imbalance, any asymmetrical, but ergonomically favorable spindle arrangement can be trained.

CNC cross slide (10, 12) and the assigned workpiece spindle (9) are firmly connected to one another and are solidly supported, which means that maximum dimensional accuracy and quality is achieved.

For the internal tools (6), storage in the turret (4) is sufficient, because on the one hand the dimensional accuracy lies in the tool and on the other hand the internal tools are often pivoted. For special cases (e.g. centering) can also be used for

Internal machining on the CNC cross slide (10.12)

to be used, as of course vice versa

The turret can also be used for external machining (e.g. bolt thread).

The workpieces (7) are preferably fed in / out by a robot (17), each of which has a recess (16) in the tool drum turret (4) during the rotary cycle

Workpiece spindle (9) can reach (Fig. 19, 20). The arrangement is largely outside the chip area, resulting in a

Minimizes interference. The workpieces can be sorted according to the spindle. Integration of the cleaning and measuring station is easy.

The invention is shown schematically in the drawings. It shows

Fig.1-3 a symmetrical version of the

Multi-spindle automatic lathes with vertical attachment of the

Tool turret (4) on the machine frame (13). The outer contours indicate the relative dimensions of the machine, they can also be interpreted as protective cladding. The lower part is indicated by machine feet.

1 shows a view of the turret (4) with tools (6), wherein the processing sequence using tools of different thicknesses

is indicated.

2 shows the corresponding side view.

3 shows a view of the spindles, fixed on the pitch circle (14), all spindles having the same direction of rotation, which requires the overhead arrangement of a part of the external machining tools (8) on the CNC cross slide (10, 12).

Fig.4-6 Variations in the number of spindles (9) on the

Pitch circle (14). Here is the freedom of design

with regard to pitch circle diameter, slide angle and

Carriage attachment made clear. The left half of the machine is each equipped with horizontal slides, which requires a flat, wide machine. The tools (8) have the same type of fastening. The right half of the hash is designed with different slide angles, creating a narrower, tall machine. The tool attachment must be different here.

4 shows a machine with four spindles (9).

5 shows a machine with six spindles (9), a part of the slide (10, 12) being fixed within the pitch circle (14), which is possible.

6 shows a machine with eight spindles (9).

Fig. 7-9 Variations for chip removal optimization

unoccupied spindle positions.

7 shows a machine with a five-part pitch circle (14), only four pitches being occupied by spindles (8), so that the chips of all the Sindein can fall down without any problems.

Fig.8 a machine with a six-fold pitch circle (14), only four divisions with spindles (9) are occupied, so that in turn all chips can fall down without interference.

Various internal machining tools (6) are also indicated, which disintegrate into two parallel groups. The group with the black full circles (6a) corresponds to the

Spindle division and is engaged in the as shown

Spindles (9). The second group with the small concentric circles (6b) can be considered a tool reserve. As long as the turret (4), not shown here, continues to cycle with the spindle division as a rotary switching cycle, the same group of internal tools (6) always remains in use. Is done a half

The other group is now used for the switching cycle.

9 shows a machine with a twelve-part pitch circle (14), only six pitches being occupied by spindles (9), so that the chips can fall down without interference. Two groups of internal tools (6) are also indicated here. This time the arrangement is serial so that the two groups are used alternately one after the other. You can achieve twice the tool change time.

Fig. 10-12 Machines with an ergonomic design.

10 shows a machine in which the arrangement of the slide

(10, 12) gives the operator wide access to the spindles (9). There is also a revolver equipped with two Groups of internal tools (6) shown, with two parallel machining on the machine

Workpieces. The spindle circuit 1 (14) is divided into four, with all spindle positions occupied. The

Identical turret part circle (1) is divided into twelve and alternately with internal tools (6a) and (6b). The turret (4), not shown, clocks two thirds of the spindle pitch further, whereby opposing spindles are only ever processed by one tool group (6). Of course, this spindle arrangement can also be represented in such a way that a twelve-fold spindle circle is only occupied four times. Fig.11 a machine with a particularly user-friendly

Design in a symmetrical arrangement.

12 shows a machine with a preferred operator side.

Fig.13-15 an embodiment with hanging

Turret attachment, good chip fall and good accessibility in a symmetrical design.

13 shows a view of the tool turret (4).

Fig. 14 is a side view of the multi-spindle automatic lathe.

The advantageous suspension of the revolver (4) on the machine frame (13) for removing the chips is clear.

15 shows a view of the spindles (9).

Fig.16-18 an embodiment with a preferred

Operator side.

Fig.16 is a view of the tool turret (4) with six

Internal machining tools (6) and intermediate positions another six vacant tool slots (2).

Fig. 17 is a side view of the multi-spindle automatic lathe. The processing sequence is of different lengths

Internal machining tools (6) indicated.

Fig. 18 is a view of the spindles (9). Everyone should

Tool engagement points are in the operator's field of vision.

Fig. 19-20 an embodiment with coaxial attachment of the turret (4). As well as an automatic feed / discharge by a robot (17).

Fig. 19 the arrangement of the robot. In addition, the possibility of a separate tool drive.

20 the revolver (4) with the recess (16) through which the spindles (9) are accessible, and a separate coaxial tool drive.

The operation of a

Exemplary embodiment described in more detail:

On a Maschi nengestel l (13) are four horizontal workpiece spindles (9) fixed on a pitch circle (14), which receive the workpiece to be machined (7). The

Pitch circle (14) is divided into six, with two possible spindle positions on the side not occupied and thus giving the operator a view and access to all workpiece spindles (9). The spindle pitch is slightly turned from the vertical so that the spindles do not lie on top of each other and a good chip fall is guaranteed. On the same machine frame (13) on a linear slide (3) Tool drum turret (4) mounted, which can be moved parallel to the spindle axes via guideways (11), preferably CNC-controlled. The tool drum turret (4) can be rotated around the common pitch axis in any division steps, which, however, must be coordinated with the spindle pitch. On the turret pitch circle (1), which has the same diameter as the spindle pitch circle (14), there are tool places (2) in which a clamping element (5)

preferably internal machining tools (6) are clamped. The division of the tooling on the turret (4) must be matched to the spindle division. When clocking the

Revolvers can now be moved forward of the carriage (3)

successively each tool (6) in a workpiece (7) are brought into engagement in a spindle (9). The CNC cross slides (10, 12) are also on the machine frame (13).

appropriate. The directions of movement are through again

Guideways (11) indicated. The preferred

External machining tools (8) are here on the cross slide

(10) attached. By moving both carriages (10, 12), the tool (8) can copy any shape on the workpiece (7). When using internal tools (6) with the same direction and the same direction of rotation of the spindle, part of the external tools (8) must be clamped in a hanging position, as shown.

The manufacturing process is as follows: A blank is placed in a workpiece spindle. The blank is clamped, the spindle turns up, the outer tool (8) moves to the workpiece and the turret starts to cycle and brings its internal tools (6) into engagement. After the revolver has clocked through and all necessary

Internal tools have processed the workpiece, the external tool (8) must have carried out its processing, which is to be expected since it could work undisturbed all the time. The spindle brakes, the part is relaxed and the finished workpiece can be removed. A

Fig. 19, 20 shows the loading / unloading arrangement. A finished part is produced for each spindle during rotary indexing.

Claims

1. Multi-spindle automatic lathe with in the machine frame (13) on a Tei l krei s (14) arranged horizontal workpiece spindles (9) with a suitable feed / discharge device (17) with

Tools for internal and external machining, and with an axis arranged parallel to the spindle axes

switchable, movable in the axial direction

Tool drum turret ver (4), on an equal size

Pitch circle (1) matched to the workpiece spindles

Division carries tools (6), which when switching

can successively reach the workpieces (7) of all workpiece spindles (9), characterized in that the

Workpiece spindles (9) are stationary and the workpiece spindles (9) are assigned to CNC cross slides (10, 12) with tools (8), preferably for external machining, the tools of which also engage with the workpiece during the switching time of the tool drum turret (4) assigned spindle can remain.

2. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to claim 1, characterized

characterized in that a smaller number of workpiece spindles (9) is arranged on the workpiece spindle pitch circle (14) than corresponds to the division.

3. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that the asymmetries generated by gaps on the workpiece spindle pitch circle (14) lie in any position to the vertical.

4. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the CNC transverse shafts (10) are arranged one below the other in any Wi.

5. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that more than one CNC cross slide (10, 12) is assigned to a workpiece spindle (9).

6. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a CNC cross chute (10, 12) is assigned to two tool spindles (9), so that this

Cross slide alternately can bring a respective tool into engagement in one of these two spindles.

7. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by training as a feed or

Automatic bar turning machine.

8. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the division of the

Tool drum revol vers (4) and the division of the

Workpiece spindles (9) in an integral multiple ratio to stand by each other.

9. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the attachment of the

Tool drum turret (4) on the machine frame (13) in a standing, hanging or side arrangement.

10. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the attachment and / or the

The tool drum turret (4) is driven coaxially by the common pitch axis.

11. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tools (6) of the

Tool drum turret (4) can be exchanged together on an annular or disk-shaped carrier.

12. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tool drum turret (4) can be pivoted away completely or folded away, so that the front of the workpiece spindles (9) is freely accessible.

13. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tool drum turret (4) carries a second tool drum turret rearward and on a common drive axis, which by pivoting through 180 degrees Can assume the function and position of the first.

14. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that tools (6) on the

Tool drum revol ver (4) coaxially over the

Tool drum revolvers can be driven separately.

15. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that ver (4) elements for supplying and / or removing the workpieces are arranged on the tool drum turret.

16. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the tool drum turret (4) instead of at least one tool station (2) one of the

Workpiece size or workpiece chuck size has a corresponding recess (16), so that a suitable device (17) preferably in a coaxial direction

Workpiece change can take place.

17. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to claim 16, characterized

characterized in that the recess (16) is designed in the form of a bore or in some form breaks through the outer contour of the tool drum turret (4).

18. Multi-spindle automatic lathe according to claim 17, characterized characterized in that several recesses (16) several

Can release workpiece spindles (9) or that a

Recesses adjacent workpiece spindles at the same time.