DE202017000816U1 - Turning-milling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Turning-milling processing machine, comprising a first headstock unit (1), a first turning tool unit (2) and a milling unit (3),
wherein the first headstock unit (1) comprises a first headstock (11) and a first headstock slide (12), the first headstock (11) having a first headstock drive (13) and a first spindle (14), the first headstock ( 11) a workpiece is receivable, wherein the first headstock slide (12) along an X-axis is movable, wherein the first spindle (14) is rotatable about an A-axis, wherein the first headstock (11) about a B-axis the first headstock slide (12) is pivotable, wherein by means of the first headstock drive (13) a high speed mode of the first spindle (14) for turning and a torque mode of the first spindle (14) is provided for milling,
wherein the first turning tool unit (2) carries a turning tool and is movable along a W axis,
wherein the milling unit (3) has a milling spindle (31) which is rotatable about a C-axis, wherein the milling spindle (31) along a Y-axis and along a Z-axis is movable and wherein the milling spindle (31) is a milling tool wearing.

Description

The invention relates to a turning-milling machine, by means of which a workpiece is machinable.

From the prior art generic rotary milling machines are known in various embodiments. The workpiece to be machined is clamped in a headstock and can then be rotated on the one hand by means of the rotating spindle. On the other hand, the workpiece can be milled with a fixed spindle, wherein the milling tool performs a rotating cutting movement, also called the main movement.

In the prior art, the headstock has a drive, with which the spindle can perform the high speed and the torque required for the cutting movement or main movement of the rotation. For milling operation, rotary milling machines have clamping or indexing devices for the spindle in order to reliably fix the workpiece in the positional position relative to the milling tool.

Furthermore, according to the prior art, the headstock can be moved linearly in order to provide a feed movement or positioning movement on the one hand and to enable the headstock to move so far out of the area of the rotary tool that a movement space is available for the milling unit. In order to provide the relative positions of the milling tool and the workpiece required for milling, the further translational and, if appropriate, rotational axes must then be provided in the milling unit.

The object of the invention is to provide a turning-milling processing machine which is constructively simple and inexpensive to produce while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art and allows a high process speed and high precision machining.

The problem is solved by the features listed in the protection claim 1. Preferred developments emerge from the subclaims.

A turning-milling processing machine according to the invention has as main components a first headstock unit, a first turning tool unit and a milling unit.

The first headstock unit is composed essentially of a first headstock and a first headstock slide.

The first headstock carriage is movable along an X-axis. For this purpose, a linear unit is preferably provided structurally, which is driven for example via a spindle drive or a linear motor.

The first headstock carriage carries the first headstock. The first headstock is according to the invention pivotable about a B-axis. The B-axis is arranged transversely to the translatory X-axis. The first headstock can thus both be linearly moved and pivoted by means of the first headstock carriage and by means of the rotatable mounting on the first headstock.

The first headstock has a first spindle and a first headstock drive which acts on the first spindle. From the first headstock, a workpiece is receivable. The first spindle is rotatable about an A-axis. In turning, the A-axis forms the main axis and provides the cutting motion. In milling operation, the workpiece is positioned by means of the A-axis.

According to the invention, the first spindle drive can provide two modes of operation of the first spindle. On the one hand it is a high-speed mode and on the other hand a Torquemodus.

In the high-speed mode, rotation about the A-axis is generated at high speed for the turning operation, so that HSC machining (HSC = high speed cutting) or high-speed cutting by means of the first turning tool can be performed.

In Torque mode, a rotation around the A-axis with high precision is generated for the milling process. Torque mode provides high resolution. As a high resolution, for example, 24 bits, this corresponds to approximately 16 million increments per 360 degrees, understood. For this purpose, the headstock drive on a measuring system that permanently monitors the angular position of the first spindle and thus the angular position of the workpiece. This allows a particularly high-precision positioning of the first spindle and thus of the workpiece in its angular position.

Furthermore, the first headstock drive in Torquemodus provides such a high holding torque that the first spindle is provided according to the invention without clamping and without indexing. It is solely due to the holding moment of the first Spindelstockantriebs and achieved without clamping or indexing in the milling such a sufficiently high rigidity, that even with the force application by the milling tool, the relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the milling tool is reliably maintained and a precise milling can be done.

Torque mode also achieves such a high torque that the feed motion can be provided by spindle rotation for some special rotary application, such as rotating radial groove segments.

As a further main component, the turning-milling processing machine has a first turning tool unit. The first turning tool unit carries, in a manner known per se, the turning tool, preferably a turning tool, and has corresponding means for this purpose. The first turning tool unit is translationally movable along a W-axis. Again, a linear unit is preferably provided structurally, which is driven for example by a spindle drive or a linear motor. The W-axis of the first turning tool unit is arranged transversely to the X-axis of the first headstock unit. The X-axis and W-axis provide the advancing and positioning movement for establishing the desired relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the turning tool.

As a third main component, the turning-milling processing machine has a milling unit. This can be multiaxial. The number of axes is not fixed. The milling unit can be moved along a translatory Y-axis and along a translatory Z-axis. The milling spindle carries in a conventional manner a milling tool.

By means of the milling unit HSC machining is feasible. Here, the cutting movement is performed by the rotation of the milling tool. By means of the Z axis and, depending on the application, additionally the Y axis and the X axis, the feed and positioning movement is provided for producing the desired relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the milling tool. In special applications, the feed and positioning movement is also generated by the rotational movement of the tool about the A-axis alone, or in conjunction with one or more of the Z, Y or X-axis.

Turning tool, milling tool and workpiece itself are not part of the rotary-milling machine according to the invention.

When changing between a turning operation and a milling operation, the first headstock unit can first be moved out along the X-axis out of the area of the first turning tool unit with the turning-milling-processing machine according to the invention. Then then the pivoting of the first headstock can be performed around the B axis. If, for example, a milling of the end face of the workpiece is desired, a pivoting about 90 degrees, so that then the milling unit is directly facing the end face of the workpiece. In contrast, if a milling of radial surfaces of the workpiece is desired, remains under a pivoting of the first headstock. By moving the milling spindle along the Z axis, the milling tool can then be brought directly to the radial surfaces of the workpiece.

The rotary milling processing machine has in particular the following advantages.

Due to the pivotability about the B-axis, the workpiece can be moved quickly into the spatial access area of the milling unit when changing between a turning and a milling. As a further advantage, the milling unit can thus access both axially on the front side and radially on a radial surface of the workpiece. In addition, the access angle of the milling tool to the workpiece can advantageously be selected as intermediate values between axial and radial access. The low constructional outlay for providing the pivotability about the B axis is also advantageous. Due to the pivotability about the B-axis so that the design requirements for the milling unit with respect to their positioning, especially for axial access to the workpiece, significantly reduced.

It is also advantageous to provide a headstock drive with a torque mode without clamping or indexing, in which only the holding torque of the headstock drive reliably maintains the relative positional relationship between the milling tool and the workpiece. On the one hand, there is an advantage due to the omission of the constructional expenses for a clamping or indexing of the spindle. Secondly, there is an advantage in the possible high resolution and precision of the angular position of the spindle and thus of the workpiece. Third, there is an advantage in the high process speed because there is no need for clamping or indexing engagement.

According to a particularly advantageous development, the turning-milling processing machine additionally a second headstock unit and a second turning tool unit.

The features of the first headstock unit with first headstock, first headstock slide, first spindle and first headstock drive also apply to the second headstock unit with second headstock, second headstock slide, second spindle and second headstock drive, unless otherwise described below.

The rotary axis for pivoting the second headstock relative to the second headstock slide is the B 'axis. The B'-axis is arranged axially parallel to the B-axis in the first headstock unit. The second spindle is rotatable about an A'-axis, the arrangement of which is independent of the A-axis and is determined by the pivoting position of the second headstock about the B'-axis. Otherwise, however, the A'-axis of the second headstock unit corresponds to the A-axis of the first headstock unit.

The first and second headstock carriages are movable along one and the same translatory X-axis. Thus, both headstock units can move towards each other and remove each other. Furthermore, both headstock units can position relative to the milling unit and bring a workpiece supporting the respective spindle into the access area of the milling tool.

Furthermore, the workpiece can be moved by means of one of the two headstock units into a transfer position and can be received by the respective other headstock unit in the transfer position. For example, if the first headstock unit carries the workpiece, in the transfer position, the workpiece is inserted into a second spindle clamping means. Then the clamping means of the second spindle braces the workpiece. Finally, the clamping device of the first spindle opens, whereby the workpiece transfer is completed. The transfer position is not understood to mean a specific absolute position, but a position of the first and second headstock units relative to each other, in which a workpiece transfer is feasible.

The features of the first turning tool unit also apply to the second turning tool unit, unless otherwise described below.

The second turning tool unit is translationally movable along a W 'axis. The W'-axis is arranged transversely to the X-axis. Further, the W 'axis is preferably, but not necessarily, disposed axially parallel to the W axis.

The described development makes it possible, for example, to first carry out a first turning operation by means of the first turning tool unit in the case of a workpiece at its first section not covered by a clamping means of the first spindle. Subsequently, by pivoting the first headstock about the B-axis by preferably 90 degrees, the first portion of the tool is brought into the access position of the milling and subjected to a first milling. As a next step, the first headstock can pivot by another 90 degrees so that the spindle is then in a position of 180 degrees to the first turning operation. In this spindle position, the first headstock unit can then move linearly along the X-axis into a transfer position and the transfer of the workpiece to the second headstock unit can be completed.

After the workpiece transfer, the first portion of the workpiece is covered by the clamping means of the second spindle, while now the second section of the workpiece is exposed. Since both headstock drives have a measuring system with common measurement data acquisition, which permanently monitors the angular position of the respective spindle and thus the angular position of the workpiece, the angular position of the workpiece is known even after the transfer. For a correct position turning and milling on the second portion of the workpiece is possible.

It can then be a pivoting of the second pivot around 90 degrees about the B'-axis, so that the workpiece is brought into the access area of the milling unit and the second portion of the workpiece can be subjected to a second milling. After another 90 degree turn, the workpiece is now in the area of the second turning tool unit at a position of 360 degrees to the home position in the first turning tool unit, but now the second portion of the work is not obscured and subjected to a second turning operation can.

Particular advantages of the development are beyond the advantages of the rotary-milling machine according to the invention in their basic training addition, that the workpiece can be subjected to all sections of both a turning, as well as a milling. It is particularly advantageous that the workpiece is not re-measured by the transfer under detection of the angular position by the measuring system of both headstock drives, but as can be precisely edited in a clamping.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one of the two Turning tool units on a tool change system. Preferably, it is a tool turret.

• 1 Perspektivische Ansicht in einer Drehbearbeitungsposition
• 2 Draufsicht in einer Drehbearbeitungsposition
• 3 Perspektivische Ansicht in einer Fräsbearbeitungsposition
• 4 Draufsicht in einer Fräsbearbeitungsposition
• 5 Draufsicht einer Dreh-Fräs-Bearbeitungsmaschine mit zweiter Spindelstockeinheit und zweiter Drehwerkzeugeinheit

näher erläutert.The invention will be described as an embodiment with reference to

• 1 Perspective view in a turning position
• 2 Top view in a turning position
• 3 Perspective view in a milling position
• 4 Top view in a milling position
• 5 Top view of a turning-milling machine with second headstock unit and second turning tool unit

explained in more detail.

A first embodiment show 1 to 4 , According to the first embodiment, the rotary-milling processing machines as main components, a first headstock unit 1 , a first turning tool unit 2 and a milling unit 3 on.

The first headstock unit 1 has a first headstock 11 and a first headstock carriage 12 on.

The first headstock carriage 12 is linearly movable along an X-axis, which is arranged horizontally in the embodiment. It runs on linear guides, which are designed as linear rails, and is driven in the embodiment by a linear motor.

The first headstock 11 is on the first headstock carriage 12 rotatably mounted. The first headstock 11 is rotatable in this way about a B-axis. The B-axis as a rotary axis is arranged transversely to the translational X-axis. In the exemplary embodiment, the B-axis is arranged vertically.

Like the synopsis of 1 and 3 as well as the 2 and 4 shows, the first headstock 11 thus by means of the first headstock carriage 12 and by means of the rotatable mounting on the first headstock 11 both linearly and be pivoted. 1 and 2 show the first headstock 11 in a turning position where the first spindle 14 aligned parallel to the X-axis. 3 and 4 show the first headstock 11 in a Fräsbearbeitungsposition. Here's the spindle 14 transverse to the X-axis in the direction of the milling unit 3 ,

The first headstock 11 has a first spindle 14 and a first headstock drive 13 on. The first headstock drive 13 acts on the first spindle 14 , which is rotatable about an A-axis.

In the first headstock drive 13 It is an electric motor that can be operated in both a high-speed mode, as well as in a torque mode.

In high-speed mode, the turning takes place. A high-speed rotation around the A-axis is generated, so that HSC machining by means of the first rotary tool 2 can be carried out. In turning, the A-axis forms the main axis and provides the cutting motion.

In milling, the first headstock drive 13 operated in Torquemodus. In Torque mode, rotation around the A axis is low speed but high resolution, high precision, and high torque. Furthermore, in Torquemodus the spindle 14 be held in position with a high holding torque, so that a high rigidity is present. In milling operation, the workpiece is positioned by means of the A-axis. The resolution is 24 bits in the exemplary embodiment; this is equivalent to about 16 million increments per 360 degrees.

The first headstock drive 13 is equipped with a measuring system. It constantly detects the angular position of the first spindle 14 and thus the angular position of a clamped workpiece. The measuring system is data-connected to a control and evaluation unit, and transmits there the angular positions as angular position data. The control and evaluation unit is also equipped with the headstock drive 13 connected in such a way that the control and evaluation unit in response to machining commands and obtained angular position position data, the movement among other things, the first headstock drive 13 controls. In addition, the control and evaluation unit also receives position data from all other translatory and rotary axes and controls their drives.

The holding torque or the rigidity is so great that solely by the holding torque of the first headstock drive 13 the relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the milling tool is reliably maintained and precise milling can be performed. Therefore, the turning-milling processing machine has no means for clamping or indexing in the milling.

The second main component is the first turning tool unit ( 2 ). The first turning tool unit ( 2 ) carries a turning tool. The first turning tool unit is formed in the embodiment as a tool turret. The first turning tool unit ( 2 ) is movable along a W-axis. As in the case of the X-axis, the turning tool unit also runs constructively here ( 2 ) on linear guide and is driven by a linear motor.

In the exemplary embodiment, the W-axis of the first turning tool unit ( 2 ) horizontally and also orthogonal to the X-axis of the first headstock unit ( 1 ) arranged. The X-axis and W-axis provide the advancing and positioning movement for establishing the desired relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the turning tool.

The third main component is the milling unit 3 , This is multiaxial in the embodiment. The milling unit 3 is movable along a translatory Z-axis, which in the embodiment horizontally and also orthogonal to the X-axis of the first headstock unit ( 1 ) is arranged. Furthermore, the milling unit 3 along a translatory Y-axis movable, which is perpendicular to the X-axis in the embodiment and also arranged parallel to the rotational B-axis. The milling unit 3 has the milling spindle 31 on, which carries the milling tool. By means of the milling unit 3 is also a HSC machining feasible, in which case the cutting movement is performed by the rotation of the milling tool.

As the 1 combined with 3 and the 2 combined with 4 shows, for a change between a turning and a milling machining the first headstock unit 1 initially along the X-axis from the area of the first turning tool unit 2 be led out linearly. It can then the pivoting of the first headstock 11 be performed around the B axis, so that the workpiece according to the respective requirement with respect to the milling unit 3 can be positioned.

By way of illustration is in 1 In addition, the orientation of the translational axes (X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, W-axis) is shown.

5 shows a further embodiment. Here are in addition to the embodiment according to the 1 to 4 a second headstock unit 4 and a second turning tool unit 5 available. With respect to the first headstock unit 1 , the turning tool unit 2 and the milling unit 3 the same structure as in the embodiment according to 1 to 4 in front.

The structure of the second headstock unit 4 with second headstock 41 , second headstock carriage 42 , second headstock drive 43 and second spindle 44 is identical to the first headstock unit 1 , The second headstock carriage 42 and the first headstock carriage 12 can be moved on the same X-axis and run on the same linear guide.

The second turning tool unit 5 is constructed in the same way as the first turning tool unit 2 , The second turning tool unit 5 is linearly movable along a W 'axis, which in the embodiment axially parallel to the W axis of the first turning tool unit 2 is.

5 shows the two headstock units 2 . 5 each in turning position. In this case, a turning takes place by means of the first headstock 1 always on the first turning tool unit 2 and a turning operation by means of the second headstock 4 always on the second turning tool unit 5 , For both headstock units 2 . 5 are the headstocks 11 . 41 independently pivotable; the first headstock 11 around the B axis and the second headstock 41 around the B'-axis. In addition, both headstock units 2 . 5 by means of their headstock carriage 12 . 42 independently movable along the X-axis. By linear method and pivoting, each of the headstock units 2 . 5 be brought into a Fräsbearbeitungsposition, in both cases, the milling by the same milling unit 3 he follows.

How out 5 It can also be seen that, when the two headstocks are pivoted 11 . 41 180 degrees, the two spindles 14 . 44 in frontal positioning are brought to each other, in which case also the A-axis of the first spindle 14 and the A'-axis of the second spindle 44 to match. There is then a transfer position, so that, for example, the second spindle 44 a workpiece from the first spindle 14 can take over. Also the second headstock drive 43 is equipped with a measuring system. It constantly detects the angular position of the second spindle 44 , The measuring system is also data-connected to the control and evaluation unit, and transfers there the angular positions as angular position data of the second spindle 44 , The control and evaluation unit is also equipped with the headstock drive 43 connected in such a way that the control and evaluation unit in response to machining commands and obtained angular position position data, the movement of the headstock drive 43 controls. Since the control and evaluation unit in a transfer, the angular position of the workpiece to be transferred from the angular position of the first spindle 14 , as well as the angular position of the second spindle 44 When transfer is known, is also the information about the angular position of the workpiece after transfer to the second spindle 44 without re-detection, so that a precise further processing can take place.

Turning tools, milling tools and workpieces themselves are not part of the turning-milling processing machine according to the embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

first headstock unit

11

first headstock

12

first headstock carriage

13

first spinel drive

14

first spindle

2

first turning tool unit

3

milling unit

31

Fräspindel

4

second headstock unit

41

second headstock

42

second headstock carriage

43

second spindle drive

44

second spindle

5th

second turning tool unit

Claims (3)

Turning-milling processing machine, comprising a first headstock unit (1), a first turning tool unit (2) and a milling unit (3), wherein the first headstock unit (1) comprises a first headstock (11) and a first headstock slide (12), the first headstock (11) having a first headstock drive (13) and a first spindle (14), the first headstock ( 11) a workpiece is receivable, wherein the first headstock slide (12) along an X-axis is movable, wherein the first spindle (14) is rotatable about an A-axis, wherein the first headstock (11) about a B-axis the first headstock slide (12) is pivotable, wherein by means of the first headstock drive (13) a high speed mode of the first spindle (14) for turning and a torque mode of the first spindle (14) is provided for milling, wherein the first turning tool unit (2) carries a turning tool and is movable along a W axis, wherein the milling unit (3) has a milling spindle (31) which is rotatable about a C-axis, wherein the milling spindle (31) along a Y-axis and along a Z-axis is movable and wherein the milling spindle (31) is a milling tool wearing. Turning-milling machine after Claim 1 , characterized in that the turning-milling processing machine comprises a second headstock unit (4) and a second turning tool unit (5), wherein the second headstock unit (4) has a second headstock (41) and a second headstock slide (42), wherein the second headstock (4) has a second headstock drive (43) and a second spindle (44), wherein from the second headstock (41) a workpiece is receivable, wherein the second headstock slide (42) along the X-axis is movable, wherein the second spindle (44) is rotatable about an A 'axis, wherein the second headstock (41) about a B' axis relative to the second headstock slide (42) is pivotable, wherein by means of the second spindle drive (43), a high speed mode of the second spindle (44) for turning and a torque mode of the second spindle (44) for milling machining is provided, wherein the second turning tool unit (5) is a slewing gear carries and can be moved along a W 'axis, wherein the workpiece by means of one of the two headstock units (1, 4) is movable in a transfer position and wherein the workpiece from the other headstock unit in the transfer position is receivable. Turning-milling machine after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first or second turning tool unit (2, 5) has a tool changing system.

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