Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
  • B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
  • B60R1/30—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles providing vision in the non-visible spectrum, e.g. night or infrared vision
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
  • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
  • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
  • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
  • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
  • B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
  • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
  • B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
  • B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
  • B60R11/04—Mounting of cameras operative during drive; Arrangement of controls thereof relative to the vehicle
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
  • C03C3/32—Non-oxide glass compositions, e.g. binary or ternary halides, sulfides or nitrides of germanium, selenium or tellurium
  • C03C3/321—Chalcogenide glasses, e.g. containing S, Se, Te
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
  • C03C3/32—Non-oxide glass compositions, e.g. binary or ternary halides, sulfides or nitrides of germanium, selenium or tellurium
  • C03C3/325—Fluoride glasses
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
  • B32B2605/08—Cars
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
  • B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
  • B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
  • B60R2011/0026—Windows, e.g. windscreen

Definitions

• TITLE VEHICLE WINDOW WITH INSERT AND ASSOCIATED THERMAL CAMERA DEVICE
• the invention relates to glazing, in particular a windshield, in a motor vehicle, train or airplane in association with a thermal camera.
• the invention also describes a device combining said glazing and said thermal camera for such visualization of information.
• patent GB2271139 proposes a windshield comprising a laminated glazing with, in a central part and close to the upper longitudinal edge, an opening filled with an insert in a material highly transparent to thermal infrared, more precisely in zinc sulphide (ZnS ) at least 50% transmission from 5 to 15pm.
• ZnS zinc sulphide
• a dedicated camera coupled to a screen visible to the driver is in the passenger compartment in front of the insert.
• the hole is circular and the insert is a disc glued to the walls of the hole.
• the hole is made before the windshield glass is autoclaved.
• the invention aims to overcome this drawback.
• the present invention relates to a glazing (in particular laminated and / or curved) of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, car, etc.) or rail (in particular at a maximum speed of at most 90 km / h or at most 70km / h, in particular subways, tramways) in particular a windshield, or even a rear window, side glazing, (of subcentimetric thickness E1 in particular at most 5mm for a windshield -mobile windshield), glazing having an external main face (called F1) oriented towards the outside (of the vehicle) and a main (most) internal face on the passenger compartment side (called F4 if laminated glazing or said F2) and, glazing comprising in a peripheral zone (preferably at the upper longitudinal edge and / or in a central region), a through hole between the internal face and the external face, hole delimited by a side wall of the glazing, in particular through hole forming a peripheral notch or closed hole (surrounded by the pa king), in particular the hole of equivalent diameter
• an insert flat or curved, with an outer face flush with or set back from the outer face F 1, or even with an inner face projecting, flush with or set back from the inner face F2 or respectively F4 if laminated glazing
• an insert made of transparent material in a range A of wavelengths in the infrared spectrum, insert of given thickness E0, in particular subcentimetric, which may be greater than E1
• the range A is from 9.5pm to 10.5pm, preferably from 8 to 12pm or 13pm, preferably with a light transmission or more precisely an infrared optical transmission of at least 50% and better at least 60%, 65% or 70% in this range A.
• the material of the insert (distinct from a glass) has a crystalline structure, preferably with cubic crystallography, is transparent in the visible at a reference wavelength between 500nm and 600nm and even from 540 or 550nm to 600nm, better in a range B of 550 to 600nm, preferably with a light transmission of at least 25% and better still of at least 30% or better still 40%, 60% in the range B.
• the material of the insert according to the invention is transparent in the visible area, which allows:
• Light transmission is measured for the reference wavelength or better for range B with a spectrophotometer such as the Perkin Elmer Lambda-35.
• the light transmission can be measured according to the ISO 9050: 2003 standard using the illuminant D65, and be the total transmission (in particular integrated in the visible range and weighted by the sensitivity curve of the human eye), taking into account both of the direct transmission and of the possible diffuse transmission, the measurement being made for example using a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere, the measurement at a given thickness then being converted if necessary to the reference thickness of 4mm according to ISO 9050: 2003.
• Infrared optical transmission is measured for range A by a Fourier spectrometer such as the BrukerVertex-70.
• the material of the insert has:
• the material can even be transparent from the start of range B to the end of range A, and even preferably with a transmission variation of at most 8% or 5% (flat spectrum) over this entire range of lengths. wave.
• the modulus of rupture of the insert is greater than 20MPa and even 40MPa.
• the equivalent diameter of the hole (constant or variable in thickness) and the equivalent diameter of the insert - (constant or variable in thickness) are each at most 5cm and even at most 3cm, in particular of geometric shape, preferably with a convex cross section, in particular circular or oval or ellipsoidal, or else rectangular, square or hexagonal.
• Too large a hole (and insert) size can degrade the mechanical strength of a glazing (windshield, etc.) with consequences for the safety of passengers.
• the diameter of the insert is preferably at least 5mm.
• the insert is little or no hygroscopic, in particular with a solubility value at 20 ° C of at most 0.2 g in 100 ml of water.
• the thickness E0 of the insert can be less than or equal to 10mm.
• the insert material preferably has an absorption coefficient in range A of at most 10 5 cnr 1 and even at most 10 3 cnr 1 in range A.
• the material of the insert has a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or even at least 99.995% and better still 99.999% and / or free of inclusions (and / or defects crystalline) larger than 20pm or even 12 or 10pm.
• the insert is, for example, colorless or tinted (while remaining transparent), in particular yellow, orange.
• the insert may be bulging.
• the material of the insert can be polished (outside and inside).
• the insert material is preferably cubic crystallography.
• the material of the insert according to the invention is a polycrystalline material that is easier to manufacture than a single crystal.
• the material of the insert according to the invention is chosen from a material (preferably polycrystalline), in particular obtained by chemical vapor deposition) following:
• the material of the insert is chosen from:
• a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulphide in particular obtained after hot isostatic pressing (treatment by an isostatic press at a temperature preferably of at least 800 ° C), in particular including selenium, such as ZnS x Sei- x with x preferably at least 0.97 more preferably at least 0.99 and more preferably at least 0.998 - a compound comprising a zinc selenide, in particular ZnSe, in particular including sulfur, such as ZnSe y Si- y with y of at least 0.97, better still of at least 0.99 and even better of y. at least 0.998 a compound comprising a barium fluoride in particular including calcium and / or strontium, in particular Bai-i.
• Zinc sulfide with multispectral grade is a recent material. It can be polycrystalline and obtained by implementing (in particular after formation by chemical vapor deposition CVD from zinc vapor and H2S gas) hot isostatic pressing (HIP in English). This seems to remove defects in the crystal lattice, in particular to eliminate the hexagonal phase crystallites by transforming them into the cubic main phase, to reduce the pore volumes and to homogenize the stoichiometry to thereby access transparency in the visible. Its structure is micro (poly) crystalline comprising grains generally of 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
• the HIP can be in an argon atmosphere between 810 ° C and 1200 ° C and under pressure of 89 to 200 MPa for a period of 1 to 22 hours.
• Transmission of multispectral zinc sulfide can be broad spectrum with flat spectrum.
• the transmission is in particular greater than 60% from 0.5 pm to 10 pm.
• Multispectral zinc sulfide is chemically inert, (almost) non-hygroscopic with a solubility value at 20 ° C of less than 0.005g in 100 ml of water.
• the refractive index of multispectral ZnS is, for example, between 2.1 and 2.3 in the range A and in the visible range between 2.3 and 2.6.
• Multispectral zinc sulphide in particular polycrystalline
• conventional zinc sulphide monospectral
• the modulus of rupture of the multispectral zinc sulfide insert can be greater than 60 or 65MPa.
• Multispectral zinc sulfide is generally stronger than zinc selenide (and less than conventional zinc sulfide).
• the multispectral zinc sulfide single crystal exists but is more difficult to synthesize (in particular obtained by the Bridgman method of recrystallization under pressure and at high temperature).
• An example of the fabrication of multispectral zinc sulfide single crystal is given in the publication by Gavrishuk et al. J. Crystal Growth 457, 2017, pp. 275-281.
• Multispectral and preferably polycrystalline zinc sulfide is advantageous in view of its combination of optical, mechanical and chemical resistance properties.
• the best known multispectral polycrystalline zinc sulfide is Cleartran TM.
• the multispectral ZnS product sold by the company II-VI or Crystaltechno Ltd.
• the multispectral zinc sulphide (ZnSe and more widely ZnS x Sei- x ) and preferably polycrystalline has a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or even at least 99.995% and better still 99.999. % and / or free of inclusions (and / or crystal defects) larger than 20 ⁇ m or even 12 or 10 ⁇ m.
• Zinc selenide is less absorbent than multispectral zinc sulfide in the B range.
• Polycrystalline zinc selenide can also be obtained by CVD from zinc vapor and hhSe gas. Zinc selenide single crystal exists but is more difficult to synthesize (especially obtained by the Bridgman method under high pressure).
• Zinc selenide is chemically inert, (almost) non-hygroscopic, in particular with a solubility value at 20 ° C of less than 0.005 g in 100 ml of water.
• the transmission of zinc selenide is broad spectrum and the spectrum is particularly flat.
• the transmission of zinc selenide can be greater than 70% from 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
• the modulus of rupture of the zinc selenide insert (especially polycrystalline) is greater than 50 or 55 MPa.
• the grain size of polycrystalline zinc selenide can be between 50 and 70 ⁇ m.
• ZnSe y Si- y single crystal predominantly made of zinc selenide is described in the publication by Kozielski et al. Journal of Crystal growth 30, 1975, pp 86-92.
• zinc selenide (ZnSe y Sr y and in particular ZnSe) preferably polycrystalline has a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or even at least 99.995% and better still 99.999% and / or free of inclusions (and / or crystal defects) larger than 20 ⁇ m or even 12 or 10 ⁇ m.
• the barium fluoride can be a single crystal obtained, for example, by the Bridgman-Stockbarger technique.
• the barium fluoride can be polycrystalline (ceramic) and obtained with the synthesis method from single crystals of barium fluoride which makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength (limit the cracking of single crystals due to cleavage.
• An example of fabrication of ceramic barium fluoride is given in the publication by Fedorov et al. Inorganic Materials 50, 2014, pp. 738-744.
• Barium fluoride is weakly hygroscopic, in particular with a solubility value at 20 ° C of less than 0.2 g in 100 ml of water. It is preferred with an equivalent diameter of at most 1cm as a precaution.
• the modulus of rupture of the barium fluoride insert can be greater than 25MPa.
• the transmission of barium fluoride can be broad spectrum, with a flat spectrum.
• the transmission of barium fluoride can be greater than 80% from 0.5pm to 10pm.
• barium fluoride single crystal mention may be made of the product sold by the company Hellma or Crystaltechno Ltd.
• the barium fluoride (Bai-i. J CaiSr j F2 or even BaCa, F2 and in particular BaF2) preferably polycrystalline has a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or even of at least 99.995 % and better still 99.999% and / or free of inclusions (and / or crystal defects) larger than 20 ⁇ m or even 12 or 10 ⁇ m.
• i and j are weak in particular i is at most 0.03, and j at plus 0.03 and even better still i at most 0.005, j at most 0.005.
• the insert comprising an outer face and an inner face, it comprises a mechanical and / or chemical protection layer on the outer face and possibly on the inner face.
• the mechanical and / or chemical protective layer (preferably a coating - monolayer or multilayer -) can be chosen from at least one of the following layers:
• ZnS zinc sulphide
• a diamond layer preferably amorphous for its properties of adhesion to the crystal of the insert, in particular with a thickness of at least 10 nm or 20 nm and preferably from 50 nm to 300 nm and even at most 100 nm
• a DLC layer for “diamond like carbon” in English
• a layer based on carbon of the diamond type preferably amorphous, in particular with a thickness of at least 10 nm or 20 nm and preferably 50 nm at 300nm and even at most 100nm.
• Adding a sufficiently thin layer of ZnS over ZnSe does not degrade transmission and ensures erosion resistance similar to massive ZnS.
• An example of a product is TUFTRAN TM from Rohm & Haas.
• the material such as ZnS x Sei- x can be coated with a layer of ZnS to protect it against acids and other specific solvents such as methanol etc.
• ZnS As an alternative to ZnS, it is therefore possible to deposit, for example by chemical phase deposition (in particular PECVD) or vapor phase deposition (PVD), a diamond layer (or a DLC layer) without degrading the transmission and ensuring further erosion resistance. bigger.
• chemical phase deposition in particular PECVD
• PVD vapor phase deposition
• An example of manufacture is described in the publication of Osipkov et al. IOP conf. Ser. Material Science and Engineering 74 (2015) 012013.
• the glazing according to the invention can be a laminated glazing, in particular a vehicle windshield (road, automobile in particular), in particular curved, comprising a first sheet of glass with said internal main face called F1 and an opposite main face (called F2) and a second glass sheet with said external main face called F4 on the inside of the passenger compartment (and the opposite main face F3), the first and second glass sheets being linked by a lamination interlayer, in particular acoustic and / or tinted, in a polymer material in particular organic (in particular thermoplastic).
• a lamination interlayer in particular acoustic and / or tinted
• laminated glazing comprises:
• first sheet of glass optionally clear, extraclar or tinted in particular gray or green, preferably curved, forming exterior glazing, with first and second main faces respectively called face F1 and face F2, if a motor vehicle preferably of thickness d '' at most 2.5mm, even at most 2mm - especially 1, 9mm, 1, 8mm, 1, 6mm and 1, 4mm - or even at most 1, 3mm or at most 1mm
• a lamination interlayer optionally clear, extraclear or tinted, in particular gray or green, made of a polymeric material, preferably thermoplastic and better still of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), preferably if a motor vehicle has a thickness of at most 1.8mm, better still at most 1.2mm and even at most 0.9mm (and better still at least 0.3mm and even at least 0.6mm), in particular set back from the edge of the first glazing at most 2mm and set back from the edge of a second glazing by at most 2mm, the lamination interlayer possibly having a cross section decreasing in a wedge shape from the top to the bottom of the laminated glazing (in particular a windshield) ,
• a second glazing in mineral glass, preferably curved and preferably clear or extra-clear or even tinted, forming interior glazing, with third and fourth main faces, if a motor vehicle preferably has a thickness less than that of the first glazing, even d 'at most 2mm - in particular 1, 9mm, 1, 8mm, 1.6mm and 1, 4mm - or even at most 1, 3mm or at most 1mm, the thickness of the first and second glazing preferably being strictly less than 4mm, even at 3.7mm.
• the interior and / or exterior glass can be neutral (without coloring), or (slightly) tinted, in particular gray or green, such as TSA glass from Saint-Gobain Glass.
• the interior and / or exterior glass may have undergone a chemical or thermal treatment of the hardening, annealing or tempering type (for better mechanical resistance in particular) or be semi-tempered.
• the interlayer may of course comprise several sheets of thermoplastic material of different natures, for example of different hardnesses to ensure an acoustic function, as for example described in the publication US Pat. No. 6,132,882, in particular a set of PVB sheets of different hardnesses.
• one of the glass sheets can be thinned compared to the thicknesses conventionally used.
• the spacer may have a wedge shape, in particular with a view to a HUD (Head Up Display) application.
• HUD Head Up Display
• one of the leaflets of the interlayer can be colored in the mass.
• plasticizer-free thermoplastic such as ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, an ionomer resin.
• EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer
• ionomer resin an ionomer resin.
• the lamination interlayer can comprise another functional plastic film (transparent, clear or tinted), for example a poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET film carrying an athermic, electrically conductive layer, etc., for example, we have PVB / functional film / PVB between the faces F2 and F3.
• a functional plastic film transparent, clear or tinted
• a poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET film carrying an athermic, electrically conductive layer, etc., for example, we have PVB / functional film / PVB between the faces F2 and F3.
• the transparent plastic film can be between 10 and 100 ⁇ m thick.
• the transparent plastic film can be more widely polyamide, polyester, polyolefin (PE: polyethylene, PP: polypropylene), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC).
• a clear film of coated PET for example XI R from the company Eastman
• a coextruded film of PET-PMMA for example of the SRF 3M® type
• many other films for example of PC, PE, PEN, PMMA, PVC
• the laminated glazing may also include a reflective or absorbent layer.
• solar radiation preferably on the face F4 or on the face F2 or F3, in particular an electro-conductive transparent oxide layer called the TCO layer (on the face F4) or even a stack of thin layers comprising at least one TCO layer, or stacks of thin layers comprising at least one silver layer (in F2 or F3), the or each silver layer being disposed between dielectric layers.
• the TCO layer (of an electrically conductive transparent oxide) is preferably a layer of tin oxide doped with fluorine (SnC> 2: F) or a layer of mixed tin and indium oxide (ITO ).
• the glazing is a windshield of a road vehicle (automobile) or even a rail vehicle (at moderate speed).
• the glazing according to the invention may comprise at least a first sheet of glass comprising on a main face an opaque layer (masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (so as to mask the camera (s) for example. ).
• the laminated glazing according to the invention may comprise a first sheet of glass comprising on a main face (for example the face F2) an opaque layer (masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (so as to mask the camera (s) for example) and / or a second sheet of glass comprising on a main face (for example the face F3 or F4) an opaque layer (of masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (of so as to hide the camera (s) for example). It is also possible to provide a masking layer on at least one of the main faces of the lamination interlayer, in particular PVB.
• the invention also relates to a device which comprises:
• thermal camera placed in the passenger compartment behind said glazing so as to receive radiation after passing through said insert
• thermal camera comprising an objective and an infrared detection system in range A, for example by microbolometry, in particular without cryogenic cooling, said camera optionally also being optical and comprising another sensor system (in range B)
• an optical sensor CCD or CMOS, etc.
• CCD complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
• CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
• the reference wavelength or better still in the range B in particular which is integrated into the thermal camera which is also optical or which is associated with a separate optical camera placed in the passenger compartment behind said glazing so as to receive light radiation after passing through said insert.
• Preferred is infrared detection with maximum sensitivity in range A and even low sensitivity beyond 15 or 14pm and below 7 or 6pm.
• thermal camera As an example of a thermal camera, mention may be made of the product Atom®1024 from the company Lynred USA.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows a windshield 100 according to the invention, in section with a thermal camera 7 placed behind the windshield facing an area which is preferably located in the central and upper part of the windshield.
• the camera is oriented at a certain angle with respect to the surface of the windshield (face F4).
• face F4 the lens and the infrared sensors are oriented directly towards the image capture area, in a direction close to parallel to the ground, that is to say only slightly inclined towards the road.
• the camera 7 is oriented towards the road at a low angle with a field 70 adapted to fulfill its functions.
• the windshield is a classic laminated glazing comprising:
• an outer sheet of glass 1 preferably tinted, for example TSA glass and 2.1 mm thick, with outer face F1 and inner face F2
• an internal glass sheet 1 ' for example TSA glass (or clear or extraclear) and 2.1mm thick or even 1.6mm or even less, with exterior face F3 and interior face F4 on the passenger compartment side - the two glass sheets being linked to each other by an interlayer of thermoplastic material 3, most often of polyvinylbutyral (PVB).
• PVB polyvinylbutyral
• a PVB RC41 from Solutia or from Eastman
• an acoustic PVB three-layer or four-layer
• approximately 0.81 mm thick for example an interlayer made of three PVB sheets.
• the windshield is obtained by hot lamination of the elements 1, 2 and 3.
• the windshield 100 comprises on the outer face 11 for example (or preferably in F2 and / or on the face F3 or F4) preferably an opaque coating, for example black 6, such as a layer of enamel or black lacquer. , over the entire surface of the glazing arranged opposite the device incorporating the thermal camera (therefore over the entire periphery of the hole), including its housing 8 (plastic, metal, etc.), so as to hide it.
• the box 8 can be glued to the face F4 by an adhesive 80 and to the roof 9.
• the opaque layer 6 can extend beyond the area with the insert.
• the (lateral) extension of the opaque layer forming a band at the upper edge of the through-hole so that the windshield has an opaque band (black) along the upper longitudinal edge or even an opaque frame (black) over the entire periphery.
• the windshield in the peripheral zone facing the camera, the windshield comprises a through hole between the internal face and the external face, a hole delimited by a side wall 10 of the laminated glazing (glass 1 / PVB 3 / glass 1 '), said through hole comprising:
• an insert 2 made of material with a crystalline structure, transparent in a range A of wavelengths in the infrared which goes at least from 9.5 to 10.5 ⁇ m and preferably from 8 to 12 ⁇ m, the insert being of thickness E0 preferably given less than or equal to 10mm,
• the insert fixing means in particular in the form of a ring 5 made of flexible material, polymer, the fixing means being in particular glued to the side wall 10.
• the material of the insert 2 is also transparent in the visible at a reference wavelength between 500nm and 600nm and better still is transparent in the visible at least in a range B ranging from 550 to 600nm.
• the material of the insert 2 has an infrared (optical) transmission of at least 50% and better still of at least 65% in said range A and a light transmission of at least 30% and better still of at least 40% at the reference wavelength and better in range B.
• the insert has a modulus of rupture greater than 20MPa.
• the equivalent diameter of the hole is at most 5cm and even at most 3cm
• the equivalent diameter of the insert is at most 5cm and even at most 3cm.
• the material of the insert 2 preferably polycrystalline, is chosen from:
• - a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulphide, in particular obtained after hot isostatic pressing, in particular including selenium, such as ZnS x Sei- x with x preferably at least 0.97, in particular multispectral ZnS
• the insert 2 has an outer face and an inner face and here it preferably comprises a mechanical and / or chemical protection layer 4 on the outer face and possibly on the inner face. It is a coating chosen from a layer comprising a zinc sulfide, a diamond layer or a DLC layer.
• the through hole may alternatively be a notch, therefore a through hole preferably opening on the roof side.
• the through-hole (and insert) may be in another region of the windshield or even in other glazing of the vehicle.
• the glazing of the vehicle can be monolithic.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
• Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Camera Bodies And Camera Details Or Accessories (AREA)
• Optical Filters (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=68987918

Family Applications (1)

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• 2019
  • 2019-09-06 FR FR1909833A patent/FR3100485B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-09-02 BR BR112022003354A patent/BR112022003354A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2020-09-02 CN CN202080003833.7A patent/CN112789168A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-09-02 US US17/640,703 patent/US20220324388A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-09-02 JP JP2022514517A patent/JP2022547477A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-09-02 EP EP20764103.6A patent/EP4025542A1/fr active Pending
  • 2020-09-02 KR KR1020227007010A patent/KR20220061109A/ko active Search and Examination
  • 2020-09-02 WO PCT/EP2020/074491 patent/WO2021043838A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-09-02 MX MX2022002741A patent/MX2022002741A/es unknown
  • 2020-09-02 PE PE2022000342A patent/PE20220741A1/es unknown

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