Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/254—Sealing means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
  • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
  • B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/252—Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means
  • B29C48/2522—Shaft or screw supports, e.g. bearings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
  • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
  • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
  • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
  • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
  • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
  • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
  • B29C48/84—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
  • B29C48/85—Cooling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J15/00—Sealings
  • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
  • F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
  • F16J15/182—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings with lubricating, cooling or draining means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J15/00—Sealings
  • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
  • F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
  • F16J15/182—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings with lubricating, cooling or draining means
  • F16J15/183—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings with lubricating, cooling or draining means using a lantern ring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
  • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
  • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
  • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
  • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
  • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
  • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
  • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
  • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
  • B29C2948/9299—Treatment of equipment, e.g. purging, cleaning, lubricating or filter exchange
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/94—Lubricating

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a sealing device for sealing rotatably mounted shafts and for dissipating heat generated by friction.
• the present invention also relates to a method for producing such sealing devices.
• Shafts are used in a large number of machines to transmit rotary motion.
• drive shafts for rotating mixing devices.
• the drive shafts are guided by a gear and / or motor into a housing in which they are connected to the mixing devices in order to move them.
• An example of such machines are extrusion systems in which rotating extruder screws in a housing roll or mix an extrusion compound. Such extruder screws are connected to a drive shaft which protrudes from the housing of the extrusion system.
• the mixing process e.g. due to abrasion
• the materials used for the mixture e.g. materials or mixing additives in powder form, such as chalk, talc or powdered paint
• escaping dust can be hazardous to health or cause damage to the motor, the transmission or the drive train due to excessive dust deposits.
• Devices used for such a seal can consist of at least one housing element and a sealing means located therein, such as a compression seal, an O-ring, a radial shaft sealing ring, a stuffing box or like that. It is advantageous here to equip the housing element with a cooling line in order to dissipate frictional heat that occurs between the shaft and the sealing means or housing element from the sealing assembly.
• the cooling lines should run as close as possible to the friction points at which the heat generation takes place in order to maximize the cooling effect.
• the cooling lines are geometrically limited due to the machining production process and in most cases do not ensure homogeneous, i.e. spatially uniform, heat dissipation. This can lead to uneven heating of the seal and / or to overheating of the sealant and thus to damage to the seal.
• the housing elements may also have relatively large or many sealing surfaces, as a result of which the cooling can leak. This can lead to excessive consumption of coolant and / or contamination of the system.
• chips that occur during production with machining processes can remain in the cooling lines, which block the flow of the Hinder the cooling medium. This leads to a deteriorated cooling performance and can reduce the service life of the sealants used.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a sealing device for rotatably mounted shafts with which the above-mentioned problems do not occur.
• a sealing device is to be created which ensures a spatially homogeneous removal of friction that occurs in the sealing device.
• a sealing device for sealing the gap between a housing and a shaft rotatably mounted in the housing can have a first plate-shaped body with a front side, a rear side and a first opening which extends from the front side to the rear side and is suitable for passing the shaft through, and have a cooling line running in the body which is suitable for guiding a cooling medium.
• the first body is suitable for being fastened so tightly to the housing that the shaft rotatably mounted in the housing is guided through the first opening.
• the first opening is suitable for introducing sealing means in such a way that the sealing means seal a gap between the shaft and the first body.
• the cooling line is routed around the first opening between a cooling line inlet and a cooling line outlet for the cooling medium in such a way that heat generated by rotation of the shaft can be dissipated spatially homogeneously through the cooling medium.
• both an opening for the shaft that receives the sealant and the cooling line are therefore located in the same component of the sealing device. Due to its plate-shaped configuration, this sealing plate or this first body is suitable for being fastened to the housing in such a tight manner that a Substance located in the housing along the shaft can only escape from the housing via the opening of the first body.
• the distance between the cooling line and the opening can be in the range from 0.5 cm to 10 cm, e.g. 1 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm, or 7 cm. The distance can vary in the course of the cooling line. However, the distance can also be constant.
• the cooling line can run continuously around the opening. This allows optimal heat dissipation, especially if the first body is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, for example a metal such as aluminum, iron or copper.
• the heat transport is spatially homogeneous due to the continuous course of the cooling line, i.e. the heat generated by the friction on the sealant used in the opening is dissipated evenly in all directions starting from the edge of the opening.
• the first body can be formed in one piece, in particular by means of an additive manufacturing process.
• the first body then does not consist of several sub-components, such as the combination of a plate with a milled-in cooling line that is covered with another plate, but only of a single element.
• the first body is built up layer by layer. Cavities provided in the first body, such as the The cooling line or the first opening are left free during manufacture. This makes subsequent machining unnecessary. There is therefore no risk of chips blocking the cooling line.
• Manufacturing by means of additive manufacturing processes also has the advantage that the shape and position of all cavities, i.e. in particular the cooling lines and the opening, can be freely selected, both with regard to the course and the cross-section.
• the cooling lines can in particular have any desired cross section, for example round, oval or angular.
• the cross-sectional area within the cooling line can also change. It is also possible to implement any advantageous line routing, that is to say in particular to carry out any number of deflections and / or branches or fanning out. As a result, the pressure drop within the line can be optimally adjusted, which leads to a lower consumption of cooling medium, faster or better directed heat dissipation and / or energy savings.
• the first body can be made of any material that has sufficient strength for use as a sealing plate.
• the first body is made of metal, for example aluminum.
• the cooling line has a hexagonal cross section. This makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the sealing device by means of additive processes. Due to the hexagonal shape of the line cross-section, e.g. as an equiangular or elongated hexagon, the layered structure of the first body does not result in overhangs that are too unstable against the weight of the next layer to prevent the cooling line channel from collapsing.
• the hexagonal shape can also be symmetrical with respect to rotations of 180 ° or reflections.
• the first body can then be manufactured starting from its front side or its rear side. This makes production more flexible and therefore easier.
• the cooling line can fan out into several sub-lines within the first body. This ensures better dissipation of the frictional heat that has arisen.
• the sealing means can be designed as a stuffing box. This is an easy-to-implement seal for rotating shafts.
• a stuffing box allows the seal to be readjusted when a leak begins, e.g. due to abrasion. The sealants can thus remain in operation for as long as possible without having to be replaced.
• the sealing device can furthermore have a sealing line running in the body which is suitable for guiding a liquid or gaseous sealing medium.
• the sealing line has a plurality of outlets connected to an inlet via at least one deflection and / or at least one fanning out, which lead radially symmetrically into the first opening.
• the sealing means introduced into the first opening seal a gap between the shaft and the first body without blocking the outlets of the sealing line.
• the sealing device is suitable for sealing by means of a combination of sealing means and a sealing medium. This improves the sealing properties of the sealing device.
• the radially symmetrical infeed of the sealing medium ensures, in particular, that the shaft located in the opening is completely enclosed by the sealing medium in order to ensure a reliable seal.
• the first body can have a further opening which is suitable for the passage of a further shaft.
• such a sealing device is suitable for use in multi-screw extruders.
• the sealing device can furthermore have a further body which is constructed like the first body and is suitable for being tightly connected to the first body in such a way that the first opening of the first body overlaps with the further opening of the further body and the lead-through allows the shaft, and that the further opening of the first body overlaps with the first opening of the further body and allows a passage of the further shaft.
• the cooling line of the first body can be connected to a cooling line of the further body in such a way that both cooling lines are fed via a common inlet.
• the first and third bodies are therefore essentially identical in construction, that is to say they have the same types of openings and lines. Both bodies have a first opening into which a sealant can be inserted and which must therefore be cooled during a sealing operation, and another opening. A cooling line runs around the first opening in both bodies in order to be able to dissipate the frictional heat generated during operation. A shaft can be passed through both openings. The openings with the sealing means do not lie one above the other, but are each assigned to a different shaft. This makes it possible to create a seal for two parallel shafts, such as those found in twin-screw extruders.
• An inlet of the cooling line of one body can be connected to the outlet of the cooling line of the other body, so that a closed cooling circuit is created. This enables systems with two rotatable shafts to be sealed in a cooled manner in an efficient manner.
• sealing plate which are surrounded by cooling lines, as described above. This also allows multi-shaft systems with any number of shafts to be effectively sealed.
• sealing plates as described above, with appropriate addition of passage openings, attached to one another, can be used for sealing systems with any number of corrugations.
• An extrusion device can have an extrusion screw rotatably mounted in a housing by means of a shaft and a sealing device for sealing the gap between the housing and the shaft, as has been described above.
• Such an extrusion device is thus effectively sealed against the escape of extrudate and / or of, in particular powdery, mixed additives in the direction of the screw drive.
• the sealing device is cooled, which increases the service life of the sealant used.
• a multi-screw extrusion device can have two extrusion screws rotatably mounted in a housing by means of a first shaft and a second shaft and a sealing device for several shafts, as has been described above.
• multi-screw extruders can effectively prevent the escape of extrudate and / or, in particular powdery, Mixing additives are sealed in the direction of the worm drive.
• the sealing device is cooled, which increases the service life of the sealant used.
• a method for producing a sealing device as described above can include: producing the first body by means of an additive manufacturing method, in particular by means of 3D printing. As described above, this allows the sealing device to be produced in the most efficient and usable manner possible.
• a computer program product When executed on an additive manufacturing device, a computer program product can cause the additive manufacturing device to carry out the above method.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a sealing device
• FIGS. 2A and 2B show a schematic view of a further sealing device.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the sealing device 100 for sealing an intermediate space between a housing and a shaft rotatably mounted in the housing.
• the sealing device 100 has a plate-shaped first body 110.
• the sealing device 100 can essentially consist of the first body 110. However, as will be explained below by way of example with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, it can also be constructed from several components.
• the first body 110 is designed as a cover plate, i.e. its extension in two directions is greater than its extension in the third direction.
• the first body 110 is designed in such a way that it can be attached firmly and flush to a surface of the housing to be sealed, e.g. by screw connections, rivets, welding or the like.
• the surface of the first body 110 that comes into contact with the housing can be designed as desired, as long as it is guaranteed that the contact between the housing and the first body 110 is so tight that substances escaping from the housing are not along the connection between the housing and the first body 110 can escape. In this way it is achieved that the desired seal between the housing and the shaft can also be produced between the first body 110 and the shaft.
• the seal between the housing and the first body 110 can take place in any known manner, for example by pure press connection of components that are in contact with one another by means of screwing, riveting or the like, by additional sealing means, such as rubber sealing elements, or sealing media, such as grease, or by a Welding of the first body 110 and the housing.
• the first body 110 can consist of any sufficiently strong material, which is suitable to be formed in the form described below, and which can be connected to the housing.
• the first body 110 can be made of a metal such as aluminum or iron.
• the first body 110 can, however, also be made from a sufficiently hard plastic or from ceramic.
• a (first) opening 120 is provided in the first body 110 and extends between a rear side and a front side of the first body 110.
• the first opening 120 is sufficiently large that the shaft protruding from the housing can be guided through it when the sealing device 100 or the first body 110 are connected to the housing.
• the opening 120 can have a diameter of 10 cm to 100 cm or more, such as 20, 40, 60 or 80 cm. The first opening 120 thus allows the shaft to rotate when the sealing device 100 and the housing of the shaft are connected to one another.
• the opening 120 is therefore designed in such a way that a (first) sealing means 140 can be used therein so that the opening 120 completely seals off in the area between the first body 110 and the shaft.
• the sealing means 140 can assume any shape that is suitable for sealing the space between the first body 110 and the rotating shaft.
• the sealing means 140 can be an O-ring, a radial shaft sealing ring or the like, or else a combination thereof.
• the sealing means 140 designed as a stuffing box, since this allows readjustment in the event of a leak.
• the sealant 140 is typically made of rubber, caoutchouc, or the like.
• the opening 120 can then, for example, be stepped in order to enable the sealing means 140 to be pressed in and thus spreading open against the step, as a result of which the sealing means 140 is pressed against the rotatable shaft and thus improves the seal.
• the sealing means 140 Since the sealing means 140 must lie tightly against the shaft and the first body for an effective seal, there is friction between the shaft, the sealing means 140 and / or the first body 110, and thus heat is generated. Likewise, with a corresponding configuration of the first body 110, friction, and thus heat generation, can also occur between the shaft and the first body 110. This frictional heat can become significant when the shaft is operated for a long time and, without cooling, can damage the sealing means 140, the shaft and / or the sealing device 100.
• the first body 110 has a cooling line 170 which runs from a cooling line inlet 172 to a cooling line outlet 174 and which is suitable for guiding a cooling medium such as air, water or another known cooling liquid.
• the cooling line 170 in particular encloses the first opening 120 with the sealant 140 inserted therein.
• the cooling line 170 has a continuous deflection and / or several branches through which the cooling line 170 always runs close to all locations where frictional heat can be generated .
• the cooling line 170 is therefore able to dissipate the resulting frictional heat in a spatially homogeneous manner.
• the cooling line 170 can run in a circular manner, as shown in FIG. 1, and form a circle that is closed to within a few centimeters.
• the cooling line 170 thereby cools the entire circumference of the first body 110. Heat transported from the opening 120 through the first body 110 can thereby be dissipated evenly in a particularly effective manner.
• the cooling line 170 can have any line routing that enables the frictional heat generated to be dissipated uniformly from the first body 110.
• the cooling line 170 could also have a star-shaped course with several branches.
• a plurality of cooling circuits can also be formed in the first body 110 if this is considered to be advantageous.
• the cooling line inlet 172 and the cooling line outlet 174 may be located on the front or rear side of the first body 110, respectively.
• This enables a modular connection with cooling lines present in other components of the sealing device, as described, for example, further below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B.
• this arrangement allows the cooling line 170 to be routed completely within the first body 110 and thus adjacent to the frictional heat that is generated, as a result of which the cooling performance is improved.
• the cooling line inlets and outlets 172, 174 can, however, also be arranged on the side of the first body 110.
• a plurality of cooling line inlets 172 and / or cooling line outlets 174 can also be present, if this is necessary.
• a cross section of the cooling line 170 can be shaped as desired, for example round, oval or angular.
• the cross-sectional geometry and the width of the cooling line 170 can also change in its course, if this should be necessary.
• a hexagonal shape with tips pointing to the front and back is particularly advantageous for a first body 110 produced by means of 3D printing.
• the diameter of the cooling line 170 is typically in the range from 0.5 cm to 3 cm .
• the first body 110 can have, as an optional component, a sealing line 130 or a line system formed by the sealing line 130, in which a sealing medium can be fed to the opening 120, in particular a gaseous or liquid sealing medium such as air , Water or fat.
• the sealing line 130 can be any have a suitable cross-section for guiding the desired sealing medium, which can also change in its shape and area.
• the diameter of the sealing line 130 can be in the range of 1 mm to 20 mm and z. B. 2 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm or 20 mm.
• the sealing line 130 has one or more inlets 132 via which the sealing medium can be introduced into the sealing line 130.
• three such inlets 132 are shown.
• the inlets 132 can be located both on the front side and on the rear side of the first body 110.
• the sealing medium can thus be supplied from the outside, i.e. via the side of the first body 110 facing away from the housing. However, it can also take place via lines arranged in the housing or in components located between them.
• the inlets 132 are then located in the side of the first body 110 facing the housing.
• the inlets or the inlet 132 can, however, also be located on the side of the first body 110.
• the sealing line 130 extends via deflections 134 and fans or branches 136 to outlets 138, via which the sealing medium can be brought to the shaft guided through the opening 120.
• the deflections 134 and fans 136 serve to surround the shaft with the sealing medium as radially symmetrically as possible.
• the sealing line 130 is thus shaped such that the outlets 138 are arranged radially symmetrically to the shaft axis.
• the four outlets 138 are each offset from one another by 90 °.
• the number of outlets 138 can be arbitrary. It is preferably greater than one in order to ensure a uniform supply of sealing medium.
• a sealing device 100 with only one outlet 138 is also conceivable.
• the sealing line 130 can lie in the same plane as the cooling line 170.
• the two line systems can also be in different Be arranged planes, ie be spaced apart from the front or rear of the first body 110.
• first opening 120 and cooling line 170 in a plate-shaped first body 110 represents the basic principle of sealing device 100. This allows a cooled sealing of a shaft rotating in a housing to be achieved in a simple manner. Even if this is not shown in the figures below, this combination can be used alone for a single shaft. It would also be possible to accommodate several such combinations in a single sealing plate in order to seal several shafts in a cooled manner.
• a plurality of sealing plates which are shaped in accordance with the first body 110 can be attached one above the other (or one behind the other) in order to seal a plurality of shafts in a cooled manner.
• a further opening 160 can be provided through which a further shaft can be guided.
• This further opening 160 is also surrounded in FIG. 1 by the cooling line 170 in order to be able to dissipate any heat conducted along the further opening 160.
• the further opening 160 is not provided with outlets 138 of the optional sealing line 130, i.e. no sealing medium can be introduced into the further opening 160 by the sealing line 130 provided in the first body 110.
• the first body 110 can be formed in one piece, ie the first body 110 is not formed from different components.
• the first body 110 can be produced in an additive manufacturing process like 3D printing. This has the advantage that all of the cavities running in the first body 110, such as the cooling line 170, the openings 120, 160 or the sealing line 130, can have a far more flexible and virtually any shape.
• dispensing with machining production techniques, such as drilling or milling prevents chips from blocking the cooling line 170 (or the sealing line 130) in whole or in part.
• the first body 110 then preferably consists of a metal, for example aluminum.
• the cooling lines 170 (or also the sealing lines 130) with a hexagonal cross section, in which the six corners of the hexagon are aligned such that two opposite tips point to the front and the rear of the first body 110.
• the hexagon is preferably designed in such a way that the sides standing parallel to the shaft axis are longer than the sides that form the tips pointing towards the front and the rear of the first body 110.
• cooling lines 170 can ensure that the cooling line passages do not collapse when the first body is built up in layers, since excessively large overhangs of material arise.
• first body 110 can be printed both from its rear side and from its front side.
• the first body 110 can be assembled from several components, as long as the cooling lines 170 are arranged in a component produced by means of additive manufacturing.
• the sealing line 130 machining processes can also be used, for example by milling on the surface of a component, which is then covered with another component.
• a further (second) sealing means in the opening 120 (without covering the outlets 138). Among other things, this prevents the sealing medium from leaking out of the opening 120.
• the opening 120 can also be sealed against such leakage in some other way, for example by sealing means applied flatly on the first body 110 through which the shaft protrudes, or by a sealing means that is held in position by a further component or sealing plate .
• the sealing means 140 can preferably be arranged on the side of the sealing device 100 facing the housing. It therefore serves as the first seal for material leaking out of the housing.
• the sealing medium can be introduced under pressure into the space between the sealing means.
• the occurrence of a leaky area on one of the sealing means then leads to the sealing means flowing into the area and thus preventing the substance to be sealed from escaping.
• Pressure sensors connected to the sealing line 130 can determine the associated pressure drop. This makes it possible to monitor the tightness of the seal in order to initiate a repair or replacement of the sealing device 100 in good time.
• the sealing means 140 can also be inserted into the opening 120 on the side of the sealing device 100 facing away from the housing and held there, for example, by a step. In this case too, the combination of sealing medium and sealing means 140 results in an improved seal. The sealing medium is then held in the opening by a further sealing means, for example resting on the first body 110, which is arranged between the first body 110 and the housing.
• a rotating shaft can be reliably sealed.
• the seal can be cooled by means of the cooling line 170 arranged in a sealing plate. This also prevents premature wear and tear and damage to the seal. This creates a long-lasting and reliable seal.
• FIG. 2A and 2B schematically show an arrangement of the sealing device 100 of FIG. 1, supplemented by further components, on a housing 200, for example a twin-screw extrusion device.
• FIG. 2B shows a section through the sealing device 100 along the line A and perpendicular to the image plane of FIG. 2A.
• the sealing device 100 of FIGS. 2A and 2B is suitable for sealing a first shaft 310 and a second shaft 320 which drive two extruder screws of the extrusion device in the housing 200.
• the sealing device 100 in the example in FIG. 2 has a second body 410 with two second openings 420 and a third body 510, which is designed essentially like the first body 110.
• the first body 110 is connected in the direction of the housing 200 to the third body 510 and opposite to the second body 410.
• the sealing device 100 is connected to the housing 200 via the third body 510.
• the individual components can be fastened to one another by means of screw connections. However, any other fastening method is also possible, such as welding.
• the first shaft 310 is guided through the first opening 120 of the first body 110 in the manner described above.
• the first opening 120 has a step in the direction of the housing 200 on which the first sealing means 140 is firmly attached.
• the outlets 138 of the sealing line 130, via which the sealing medium is fed into the opening 130, are then arranged.
• the first shaft 310 then passes through a second opening 420 in the second body 410 and from there to the transmission (not shown).
• This second opening 420 (alternatively the first opening 120 or both openings in cooperation) holds a second sealing means 150 which, together with the first sealing means 140, delimits a region of the first opening 120 and holds the sealing medium therein. This sequence enables a reliable sealing of the substance to be sealed which emerges from the housing 200 along the first shaft 310.
• a similar sequence of sealants and conduit outlets is provided for the second shaft 320 by the interaction of the housing 200 and the third body 510.
• the third body 510 has a first opening 520 which corresponds to the first opening 120 of the first body 110 and through which the second shaft 320 protrudes.
• Third sealing means 540 corresponding to the first sealing means 140 are attached to a step in the first opening 520 of the third body 510.
• These fourth sealing means 550, corresponding to the second sealing means 150, include outlets of a sealing line 530 formed in the third body 510, which open into the first opening 520 of the third body 510.
• the sealing line 530 of the third body 510 can in this case be connected to the sealing line 130 of the first body 110, or have its own inlet for a (also other) sealing medium.
• the fourth sealing means 550 are held by a recess in the housing 200 and / or the first opening 520 of the third body 510.
• the second shaft 320 then continues through the third opening 160 of the first body 110 and through a further second opening 420 in the second body 410 without being sealed again. From there the second shaft runs to the gearbox (not shown).
• the third opening 160 of the first body 110 corresponds to a third opening 560 of the third body 510 for the first shaft 310, through which the first shaft 310 also runs without being sealed off.
• the first, second, third and fourth sealing means 140, 150, 540, 550 described above can all be of the same type and can be designed, for example, as an O-ring, radial shaft sealing ring, compression seal or gland packing.
• the sealing means 140, 150, 540, 550 can, however, also be designed differently, if this should be necessary, for example, for reasons of production technology or for reasons of cost. It is also possible to combine different types of seals into one sealant.
• the third body 510 can be manufactured in one piece by means of additive manufacturing, whereas the second body 410 is preferably manufactured conventionally, since it does not have a branching line system like the first body 110 and the third body 510
• the feed shown in the second body 410 to the line inlet 132 can in this case be produced through a bore.
• Both the first body 110 and the third body 510 have a cooling line 170, 570 with a hexagonal cross section, which are connected to one another.
• the cooling lines 170, 570 in the first and third body 110, 510 are each arranged in a different plane than the corresponding sealing lines 130, 530. This facilitates production.
• the stability of the bodies 110, 510 is increased.
• the cooling line inlet 172 and the cooling line outlet 174 of the cooling line 170 of the first body 110 are located in FIG. 2A on the side of the first body 110 facing the housing 200 on the left below the cross section shown through the cooling line 170.
• the cooling medium flows along the arrow B within a feed line (not shown) from the outside into the third body 510 and is directed from there into the cooling line inlet 172 of the cooling line 170 in the first body 110.
• the conduit 170 runs annularly around the first opening 120 and the second opening 160, as shown in FIG. 1.
• the cooling medium exits for example on the left side perpendicular to the image plane of FIG. 2A to the front, describes a semicircle and re-enters through the cross section of the cooling line 170 shown on the right side of FIG. 2A in the first body 110. From there it again describes a semicircle and in the area of the cross-section of the cooling line 170 shown on the left, it enters the cooling line 570 of the third body 510.
• the first opening 520 and the third opening 560 in the third body 510 are encircled in a circle until Cooling medium leaves the sealing device on the left edge of the picture.
• a single cooling circuit is sufficient to effectively and spatially homogeneously cool the entire sealing device. In this way, systems with more than one shaft, such as multi-screw extruders, can also be sealed in a cooled manner.
• an effective seal for multi-shaft extrusion devices can moreover be achieved in that the seal is shifted from the housing of the extrusion device into a sealing plate to be attached to the housing.
• This is preferably also produced in the area of sealing lines for a sealing medium by means of 3D printing, in order to ensure a uniform and therefore better sealing feed of the sealing medium onto the shaft.
• the above-mentioned components of the sealing device can all be implemented by means of computer program products which are known in principle and are suitable for additive manufacturing, for example files for 3D printing, if these are executed on a device for additive manufacturing. This makes it possible to produce the sealing devices in a decentralized manner.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Sealing Devices (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-09-04 DE DE102019123608.8A patent/DE102019123608A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-08-25 US US17/636,085 patent/US12042973B2/en active Active
  • 2020-08-25 EP EP20764059.0A patent/EP4025408A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-08-25 WO PCT/EP2020/073718 patent/WO2021043630A1/de unknown
  • 2020-08-25 JP JP2022511349A patent/JP2022547266A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-08-25 CN CN202080059791.9A patent/CN114302799B/zh active Active

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