Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
  • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
  • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
  • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
  • F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
  • F28D1/0391—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
  • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
  • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
  • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
  • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
  • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
  • F28F2001/027—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with dimples
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
  • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
  • F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2210/00—Heat exchange conduits
  • F28F2210/02—Heat exchange conduits with particular branching, e.g. fractal conduit arrangements

Definitions

• Heat exchanger in particular for a motor vehicle and method of manufacturing such a heat exchanger
• the present invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles, and to methods of manufacturing such heat exchangers.
• heat exchangers equip large numbers of motor vehicles. These heat exchangers can for example be dedicated to cooling motors or batteries, or even to the operation of air conditioning systems.
• Heat exchangers generally include a heat exchange bundle consisting of a set of superimposed hollow elements in which a first heat transfer fluid, such as glycol water or a refrigerant fluid, is intended to flow.
• This heat exchange bundle has a plurality of fins arranged between these hollow elements. These fins are configured to increase the heat exchange surface between the first coolant flowing inside the hollow elements and a second coolant, such as air, flowing between these hollow elements.
• a heat exchangers have a large number of parts and can be complex to assemble, in particular due to the mounting of the fins.
• Such a heat exchanger is for example described in document EP 2869015.
• finned heat exchangers generate a certain thermal resistance for the exchange between the first coolant, such as refrigerant, and the second coolant, such as air.
• the surface of the fins allowing to increase the exchange surface is not in direct contact with the two fluids. The heat exchanges between these two fluids with the heat exchangers of the prior art can therefore be improved.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger having improved heat exchange capacities compared to those known from the prior art and having good mechanical strength.
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger of which the number of parts constituting it is limited.
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger which is simple and quick to assemble.
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger which is simple, fast and inexpensive.
• the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchange bundle between at least a first fluid and a second fluid, said heat exchange bundle being composed of at least two superimposed hollow elements and configured to respectively form a channel inside which the first fluid is intended to circulate and to allow the circulation of the second fluid in a space between the superimposed hollow elements , at least one hollow element of the heat exchange bundle has a plurality of protuberances extending in the space for the circulation of the second fluid, said protuberances making the connection between two adjacent hollow elements, and at least a first hollow element and a second hollow element arranged opposite one another are in fluid communication with one another by at least one protuberance hollow ance carried by at least one of the first and / or second hollow elements.
• the possibility for the first fluid to pass from a hollow element to another hollow element through the protuberances connecting these hollow elements allows a good homogenization of the temperature of this first fluid and also an improvement. heat exchanges between the first and second fluids.
• the presence of the protuberances allows disruption of the circulation of the second fluid through the heat exchange bundle.
• the heat exchanges between the first and second fluids are improved due to the protuberances connecting the hollow elements to one another and also allowing the circulation of the first fluid through certain hollow protuberances.
• the protuberances are configured to connect the hollow elements to one another, which also makes it possible to simplify the structure of the heat exchange bundle by making it possible in particular to limit the number of parts making up this heat exchange bundle.
• the heat exchanger according to the present invention may further include one or more of the following features taken alone or in combination.
• the hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle can be plates.
• the heat exchange beam can be formed by a row of superimposed plates.
• the hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle can be flat tubes.
• the heat exchange bundle can be formed by at least one row of superimposed flat tubes.
• the hollow elements can be made of a material having a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 45 W.nrbK ⁇ 1 at 20 ° C.
• the hollow elements can be made of metal or of a metal alloy, in particular of aluminum.
• the first hollow element can carry at least one hollow protuberance cooperating with an orifice made in the second hollow element arranged opposite the at least one hollow protuberance of the first hollow element, said hollow protuberance ensuring communication. fluidic between the first and second hollow elements and forming a sealed connection with the orifice.
• the first and second hollow elements alternately have a hollow protuberance and an orifice intended to cooperate with a hollow protuberance in a sealed manner in the assembled state of the heat exchange bundle.
• first and the second hollow elements can each have at least one hollow protrusion, the hollow protrusion carried by the first hollow element having an end cooperating with one end of the hollow protrusion carried by the second hollow element. and forming a sealed connection with this hollow protuberance of the second hollow element so as to allow fluid communication between the first and second hollow elements.
• each channel for the circulation of the first fluid has a center and a periphery and at least one hollow protuberance allowing fluid communication between two adjacent hollow elements can be disposed at the level of the center of the channel.
• the hollow elements may comprise transverse partitions obstructing a section of the channel so that the first fluid circulates between two adjacent hollow elements in fluid communication.
• the transverse partitions can form at least one baffle for the circulation of the first fluid in the heat exchange bundle.
• the plurality of protrusions carried by the at least one hollow member may be hollow protrusions allowing fluid communication between the first and the second hollow member.
• the hollow protuberances may have a shape of constant section, a first end of which is disposed in contact with a face of the hollow element carrying the protuberance and a second free end, disposed opposite to the first end and in contact with the adjacent hollow element.
• the section of the hollow protuberance can be circular, oblong, or even parallelepiped.
• the hollow protuberances may have a shape of variable section, a first end of which is placed in contact with a face of the hollow element carrying the protuberance and a second free end, opposite the first end and disposed in contact with the adjacent hollow element, said first end having a section the area of which is greater than that of the second free end.
• the hollow protuberance may be of conical shape, the second end of which is flat or in the shape of a dome.
• the hollow protuberances have a leading wall and an end wall, the leading wall being the first in contact with the first fluid during the passage of this first fluid at the level of the hollow protuberance.
• the hollow elements each have at least one hollow protuberance, the second free ends of which are in contact with one another, and these hollow protuberances have a central symmetry with respect to the center of the opening.
• hollow protuberances for the passage of the first fluid between a first and a second hollow element.
• leading wall of the hollow protuberance and the channel of the hollow element can form an angle of between 90 ° and 180 °, and in particular between 105 ° and 150 °.
• the end wall of the hollow protuberance and the channel of the hollow element can form an angle of between 90 ° and 180 °, and in particular between 120 ° and 165 °.
• the hollow element can have at least one transverse partition.
• the transverse partition can be arranged in the middle of the space defined between two hollow protuberances in the hollow element.
• the heat exchange bundle may further comprise two end elements arranged parallel to the superimposed hollow elements and respectively on either side of the superposition of hollow elements, each end element having a face disposed opposite a face of a hollow element and defining a space between the end element and the hollow element to allow the circulation of the second fluid.
• the face of the end element may be smooth and is configured to obstruct the openings of the second ends of the hollow protuberances disposed opposite the end element so as to form a tight connection between the hollow element and the adjacent element.
• a subject of the present invention is also a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger as defined above comprising the following steps: producing hollow protuberances by stamping at least one face of a first hollow element, at least part of the hollow protuberances. hollow protrusions having an opening disposed at a second end opposite a first end disposed in contact with the first hollow member; formation of a stack comprising at least a first and a second superimposed hollow element, the face of the first hollow element having the hollow protuberances being arranged opposite a face of the second hollow element having orifices and so that the protuberances cooperate with the orifices; and heating and compressing the stack in order to allow the mechanical connection by brazing at least of the hollow protuberances carried by the first hollow element with the periphery of the orifices carried by the second hollow element in order to form a tight mechanical connection between the first and second hollow elements.
• the orifices of the second hollow element may correspond to the opening of the second end of the protuberances carried by the second hollow element.
• the stack may further comprise two end elements arranged respectively on either side of the superposition of hollow elements and parallel to these hollow elements, said end elements having a face arranged facing each other. 'one face of the adjacent hollow element, said face of the end elements being smooth.
• the hollow elements arranged facing the end elements may have hollow protuberances on their face arranged facing the end elements in order to allow the soldering of the end elements with the adjacent hollow elements and the formation of 'a tight mechanical connection between the hollow elements and the end elements.
• Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchanger
• Figure 2 is a schematic partial perspective representation of a heat exchange bundle of the heat exchanger of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective representation of a set of protuberances according to a first variant
• FIG. 3B is a schematic perspective representation of a set of protrusions according to a second variant
• FIG. 3C is a schematic perspective representation of a set of protuberances according to a third variant
• FIG. 4A is a schematic perspective representation of a set of protrusions according to a fourth variant
• FIG. 4B is a schematic perspective representation of a set of protuberances according to a fifth variant
• FIG. 5A is a schematic representation in cross section of two protuberances cooperating with one another according to a first embodiment
• FIG. 5B is a schematic representation in cross section of two protuberances cooperating with one another according to a second embodiment
• Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of two hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle of Figure 2 in fluid communication according to a first particular embodiment
• Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of two hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle of Figure 2 in fluid communication according to a second particular embodiment
• Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of two hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle of Figure 2 in fluid communication according to a third particular embodiment
• Figure 9 is a schematic representation in cross section of two hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle of Figure 2 in fluid communication according to a fourth particular embodiment
• Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of a heat exchange bundle having hollow elements in fluid communication according to a fifth particular embodiment.
• Figure 11 is a schematic representation of a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing the heat exchanger of Figure 1.
• first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or even first criterion and second criterion etc.
• first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or even first criterion and second criterion etc.
• indexing is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria that are similar but not identical. This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion over another and such names can easily be interchanged without departing from the scope of the present description. This indexing does not imply an order in time, for example, to assess such or such criteria.
• thermal conductivity is understood to mean the energy, or quantity of heat, transferred per unit area and time, expressed in watts per meter-Kelvin (W.m-fK).
• fluid in the following description, a body whose molecules have little adhesion and can slide freely with respect to each other (in the case of liquids) or move independently of one another (in the case of liquids). the case of gases), so that the body takes the form of the vessel which contains it.
• a heat exchanger 1 in particular for a motor vehicle.
• This heat exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle 3 between at least a first heat transfer fluid Fl and a second heat transfer fluid F2 (visible in FIG. 2).
• the heat exchange bundle 3 is made up of at least two hollow elements 31 superimposed. Each hollow element 31 forms at least one channel 35 (visible in FIG. 2) inside which the first fluid F1 is intended to circulate.
• the heat exchanger 1 further comprises a first 11 and a second 13 manifold boxes.
• the first 11 and second 13 manifolds are arranged at the ends of the hollow elements 31 and together with the heat exchange bundle 3 form the heat exchanger 1.
• the first manifold 11 has for example an inlet 11a in order to supply the elements.
• first heat transfer fluid Fl can in particular be a liquid, such as for example glycol water or a refrigerant fluid .
• first 11 and second 13 header boxes are attached to the heat exchange bundle 3 in order to form the heat exchanger 1.
• These first 11 and second 13 header boxes can be fixed to the heat exchange bundle 3 by brazing or by a mechanical connection, in particular by crimping, for example.
• the superimposed hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 may be plates in order to form a plate heat exchanger 1, or else be flat tubes in order to form a tube heat exchanger 1.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 can therefore be produced by a row of superimposed plates or alternatively by at least one row of superimposed flat tubes. In the case where the heat exchange bundle 3 has more than one row of flat tubes, these rows are arranged side by side in the direction of circulation of the second fluid F2 (shown in FIG. 2).
• the hollow elements 31 superimposed on the heat exchange bundle 3 can in particular be made of a material having a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 45 W.nrLK ⁇ 1 at 20 ° C. Typically, these hollow elements can be made of metal or of a metal alloy, and in particular of aluminum. Such thermal conductivity for the material constituting the hollow elements 31 makes it possible to ensure good heat transfers between the first Fluid F1 and the second F2 in this heat exchange bundle 3 in order in particular to allow heat exchanges of the first fluid F1.
• the hollow elements 31 are also configured to allow the circulation of the second fluid F2 in a space 37 between the hollow elements 31 to allow heat exchange between the first F1 and the second fluid F2 during operation. of this heat exchanger 1.
• the second coolant F2 may for example be air intended to circulate between the hollow elements 31 in order to exchange thermal energy with the first fluid Fl circulating inside the hollow elements 31 for example.
• a hollow element 31 having two channels 35 each comprising a center and a periphery.
• the hollow element 31 may have a different number of channels 35.
• at least one of the hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 has a plurality of protrusions 5.
• the protrusions 5 extend in the space 37 defined for the circulation of the second fluid F2.
• protuberances 5 in the space 37 defined for the passage of the second fluid F2 makes it possible to create disturbances in the flow of the second fluid F2 through the heat exchange bundle 3, which allows, among other things, better homogenization of the temperature of this second fluid F2 and an improvement in the heat exchanges between the first F1 and the second F2 fluids circulating in the heat exchange bundle 3.
• This disturbance of the flow of the second fluid F2 in the space 37 may in particular consist of a reduction in its speed or even a disturbance in its direction of circulation allowing better homogenization of its temperature.
• the protuberances 5 form the connection between two adjacent hollow elements 31. By adjacent elements is meant here two elements arranged opposite one another.
• first hollow element 31a and a second hollow element 31b arranged opposite one another are in fluid communication with one another by at least one hollow protuberance 5 carried by at least one of the hollow elements.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 can further include two end elements 38, 39 arranged parallel to the hollow elements 31 superimposed and respectively on either side of the superposition of hollow elements 31.
• Each end element 38, 39 has a face disposed opposite a face of a hollow element 31 and define a space 37 'between the end element 38, 39 and the hollow element 31 to allow the circulation of the second fluid F2.
• These end elements 38, 39 can be made by a plate, for example made of metal or a metal alloy, such as for example aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
• the material constituting the end elements 38, 39 is identical to that forming the hollow elements 31.
• the protuberances 5 are formed directly on the faces of the hollow elements 31.
• the protuberances 5 can be produced by deformation of a surface of the hollow elements 31.
• the protuberances 5 have a first end 51 disposed in contact with the face of the hollow element 31 which carries the protuberance 5 and a second free end 53, opposite the first end 51, intended to be in contact with the hollow element 31 or the adjacent end element 38, 39 (visible in FIG. 1).
• the term “adjacent element” is understood here to mean an element of the heat exchange bundle 3 arranged opposite a face of a hollow element 31. An adjacent element can therefore be another hollow element 31, or else an end element 38. , 39.
• the second free end 53 of the hollow protuberances 5 has an opening configured to provide fluid communication between the first 31a and the second 31b hollow elements.
• the hollow protuberances 5 may have a shape of constant section.
• shape of constant section it is understood here that the hollow protuberance 5 has a constant diameter over the whole of its length, that is to say over the whole of the space 37, 37 'arranged between the elements. 31, 38, 39 for the passage of the second fluid F2 in which it extends.
• two hollow protuberances 5 there is shown two hollow protuberances 5, the second free ends 53 having an opening for the passage of the first fluid F1 are respectively arranged in contact with each other and form a waterproof connection.
• Such an arrangement of the hollow protuberances 5 corresponds to that described above with reference to the second particular embodiment and can offer resistance to deformations associated with the passage of the second fluid F2 in the space 37, 37 ’significant. More particularly according to this first variant, the section of the hollow protuberance 5 may be oblong (FIG. 3A), parallelepiped (FIG. 3B), or even circular (FIG. 3C).
• the hollow protuberances 5 may have a shape of variable section.
• shape of variable section is meant here that the hollow protuberance 5 has a variable diameter over the whole of its length, that is to say over the whole of the space 37, 37 'arranged between the elements 31. , 38, 39 for the passage of the second fluid F2 in which it extends.
• the first end 51 of the hollow protuberances 5 has an area greater than that of the second free end 53.
• hollow protuberances 5 there is shown two hollow protuberances 5, the second free ends 53 having an opening for the passage of the first fluid F1 are respectively arranged in contact with each other.
• an arrangement of the hollow protuberances 5 also corresponds to the second particular embodiment described above.
• Such hollow protuberances 5 can make it possible to limit the reduction in the flow speed of the second fluid F2 in the space 37, 37 'defined between a hollow element 31 and an adjacent element 31, 38, 39 while disturbing the flow of water.
• the hollow protuberances 5 may have a conical shape having a second free end 53 plane (Figure 4A), or a dome shape ( Figure 4B).
• the shape of the hollow protuberances 5 may be chosen as a function of the stresses which they may be subjected to during the operation of the heat exchanger 1 or even during the brazing of the bundle of. heat exchange 3.
• the shape of these hollow protuberances 5 can also be chosen as a function of the disturbances of the flow of the second fluid F2 and / or of the first fluid F1 (visible in FIG. 2) desired in the space 37, 37 '(visible especially in Figure 1).
• the protuberances 5 have a contact zone 54 at the level of the periphery of their second free ends 53.
• This contact zone 54 makes it possible to ensure the brazing between these second free ends 53 to allow the formation of the heat exchange bundle 3 (in particular visible in FIG. 3).
• this contact zone 54 may have a length greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
• the contact zone 54 of the second free end 53 of a protuberance 5 can cooperate with the periphery of a orifice carried by the face of a hollow element 31 disposed opposite this protuberance 5.
• the second free ends 53 of the protuberances 5 carried respectively by a first 31a and a second hollow elements 31b and arranged opposite one another can be nested in order to allow the brazing of these second free ends 53 and thus the formation of the mechanical connection to form the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the assembly of the heat exchange bundle 3 by brazing ensures good mechanical retention of this heat exchange bundle 3.
• the protuberances 5 occupy the space 37, 37 'for the passage of the second fluid F2. .
• this space was occupied by the presence of fins arranged between the hollow elements 31.
• the presence of the protuberances 5 therefore makes it possible to limit the number of constituents of the heat exchange bundle 3. which makes it possible in particular to simplify its structure and its assembly by eliminating the presence of the fins known from the prior art.
• Such a heat exchange bundle 3 therefore has fairly low production costs while ensuring good mechanical strength thereof.
• such a mechanical connection of the heat exchange bundle 3 is also possible when the latter has the end elements 38, 39, one face of which is placed opposite the second free ends 53 of the protuberances 5, possibly hollow, and thus defining the space 37 'for the passage of the second fluid F2.
• this face of the end elements 38, 39 is smooth and configured to obstruct the openings of the second free ends 53 of the hollow protuberances 5 arranged opposite the end element 38, 39 so as to form an opening. sealed connection between the hollow element 31 and the adjacent element 31, 38, 39.
• a first hollow element 31a can carry at least one hollow protuberance 5 cooperating with an orifice 36 made in a second hollow element 31b disposed opposite this hollow protuberance 5 of the first hollow element 31a.
• the second free end 53 of this hollow protuberance 5 ensures fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements for the first fluid F1 and forms a sealed connection with the orifice carried by the second hollow element 31b.
• the first hollow element 31a has the hollow protuberances 5 and the second hollow element 31b has the orifices in order to allow fluid communication between these first 31a and second 31b hollow elements and also the formation of the sealed mechanical connection between these hollow elements 31a, 31b.
• the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements may alternately have a hollow protuberance 5 and an orifice 36.
• This orifice 36 is intended to cooperate with the second free end 53 of a hollow protuberance 5 carried by the face of the hollow element 31 disposed opposite this orifice 36.
• the connection between the hollow protuberance 5 and the orifice 36 is a sealed mechanical connection, which can in particular be produced by brazing .
• the first 31a and the second 31b hollow elements each have at least one protuberance 5, the second free end 53 of the hollow protuberance 5 carried by the first cooperating hollow element 31a. with the second free end 53 of the hollow protuberance 5 carried by the second hollow element 31b.
• These second free ends 53 of the hollow protuberances 5 carried by the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements form a sealed connection so as to allow fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
• the first fluid F1 exhibits turbulences T at the level of the first ends 51 of the hollow protuberances 5.
• These turbulences T related to the passage of the first fluid F1 at least at the level of the first ends 51 of the protuberances 5 allows a disturbance of the flow of this first fluid F1 in the hollow element 31, thus contributing to an improvement in the homogenization of the temperature of this first fluid F1 and therefore heat exchanges between the first F1 and the second fluid F2.
• the first fluid F1 can pass from the first hollow element 31a to the second hollow element 31b and vice versa by passing through one of the protuberances 5.
• the plurality of protrusions 5 carried by at least one hollow element 31 are hollow protuberances 5 allowing fluid communication between the first 31a and the second 31b hollow elements.
• these hollow protuberances 5 providing fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements allow the first fluid F1 to pass from the first hollow element 31a to the second hollow element 31b and reverse.
• Such a displacement of the first fluid F1 allows agitation of the latter at least at the level of the hollow protuberance 5, thus contributing to an improvement in the homogenization of its temperature.
• such a disturbance of the flow of the first fluid F1 allows an improvement in its heat exchanges with the second fluid F2 circulating in the space 37 between two adjacent hollow elements 31.
• the hollow elements 31 may comprise transverse partitions 9.
• the transverse partitions 9 obstruct a section of the channel 35 so that the first fluid F1 circulates between two. hollow elements 31 adjacent and in fluid communication.
• These transverse partitions 9 therefore allow the formation of a baffle for the first fluid F1.
• This baffle imposes the circulation of the first fluid F1 between the first hollow element 31a and the second hollow element 31b and vice versa.
• the hollow elements 31 have transverse partitions 9 arranged staggered and between each hollow protuberance 5 in order to maximize the passages of the first fluid F1 between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements in order to have a good homogenization of its temperature and thus improve the heat exchanges that this first fluid F1 can have with the second fluid F2 within the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the hollow elements 31 may have a number lower transverse partitions 9 and more particularly more spaced from each other within the same hollow element 31.
• FIG. 9 there is shown a fourth embodiment of the hollow protuberances 5.
• This fourth embodiment makes it possible in particular to limit the pressure drops associated with the passage of the first fluid F1 between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
• the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements each have hollow protuberances 5 arranged facing each other.
• these hollow protuberances 5 have a variable section. More particularly, the hollow protuberances 5 have a leading wall 55 and an end wall 57.
• the leading wall 55 of the hollow protuberance 5 is the first encountered in the direction of. circulation of the first fluid F1.
• the leading wall 55 of the hollow protuberance 5 and the channel 35 of the hollow element 31 form an angle a of between 0 ° (limit excluded) and 90 ° (limit excluded), and in particular between 15 ° and 60 °.
• the end wall 57 of the hollow protuberance 5 and the channel 35 of the hollow element 31 form an angle b between 90 ° and 180 ° (limits excluded), and in particular between 105 ° and 150 ° .
• each of the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements has hollow protuberances 5, the second free ends 53 of which are arranged opposite each other in order to ensure the mechanical connection, in particular by brazing. , of these first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
• these second free ends 53 have an opening in order to allow the passage of the first fluid F1 from the first hollow element 31a to the second hollow element 31b and vice versa.
• these hollow protuberances 5 facing each other have a central symmetry with respect to the center of the opening for the circulation of the first fluid F1 between these first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
• the hollow elements 31 also have transverse partitions 9 connecting the walls 35a of the channel 35 to one another.
• these transverse partitions are arranged staggered in the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements and separate the hollow protuberances 5 from one another.
• the transverse partitions 9 are arranged at the center of the length separating two hollow protuberances 5. According to other alternatives not shown here, the transverse partitions 9 may have a different spacing or even a different positioning within the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
• each channel 35 for the circulation of the first fluid F1 has a center and a periphery and at least one hollow protuberance 5 allowing fluid communication between two adjacent hollow elements 31 is arranged at the level of the hollow. center of this channel 35.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 has more than two hollow elements 31, and more particularly a first 31a, a second 31b, and a third 31c. hollow elements, all in fluid communication via the protuberances 5.
• the various hollow elements 31a, 31b, 31c have transverse partitions 9 configured to direct the flow in the direction of a channel 35 of an element hollow 31 particular. More particularly according to this fifth particular embodiment, the transverse partitions 9 are arranged so as to define flow directions for the first fluid F1 in directions orthogonal to the channels 35 of the hollow elements 31. Such an arrangement of the transverse partitions 9 increases.
• the manufacturing process 100 comprises a step of making E1 of hollow protuberances 5 on at least one face of a hollow element 31. At least part of these hollow protuberances 5 has an opening arranged at their second free end 53 opposite to it. their first end 51 disposed in contact with the first hollow element 31a.
• These hollow protuberances 5 can in particular be produced by stamping at least one face of this hollow element 31.
• the manufacturing process 100 then implements a step of preparing a stack E2.
• This stack comprises at least a first 31a and a second 31b superimposed hollow elements.
• the face of the first hollow element 31a having the hollow protuberances 5 is arranged opposite the face of the second hollow element 31b having orifices and so that the hollow protuberances 5 cooperate with the orifices in order to allow fluid communication.
• the orifices of the second hollow element 31b correspond to the opening of the second free ends 53 of the protuberances carried by the second hollow element 31b.
• the manufacturing process 100 then implements a heating and compression step E3 of the stack in order to allow the mechanical connection by brazing at least of the hollow protuberances 5 carried by the first hollow element 31a with the periphery of the orifices carried by the second hollow element 31b in order to form a sealed mechanical connection between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
• the manufacturing method 100 is simple and quick to implement, in particular due to the reduction in the constituent elements of the heat exchange bundle 3 of the heat exchanger 1.
• the stack may further comprise two end elements 38, 39 (visible in FIG. 1) arranged on either side of the superposition of hollow elements 31 and parallel to these hollow elements 31.
• Each end element 38, 39 has a face arranged opposite a face of a hollow element 31. This face of the end elements 38, 39 is smooth and intended to be brazed with the hollow elements 31 in the stack .
• the face of the hollow elements 31 arranged opposite the end elements 38, 39 has hollow protuberances 5 in order to form the space 37 'for the passage of the second fluid F2 and the brazing of the elements d. 'ends 38, 39 with the hollow elements 31 adjacent.
• These hollow protrusions 5 may have an opening for the passage of the first fluid F1. This opening is blocked by the end elements 38, 39 during the formation of the tight mechanical connection by brazing between the adjacent elements 31, 38, 39.
• the manufacturing process 100 may include a final step of fixing (not shown) of the inlet 11 and outlet 13 (visible in FIG. 1) for the first fluid F1.
• the heat exchanger 1 having a heat exchange bundle 3 as defined above.
• the presence of protuberances 5 allows at least the various adjacent hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 to be joined together and allows an increase in the heat exchange surface area improving the exchanges between the first F1 and second F2 fluids.
• the joining of the various adjacent hollow elements 31 of this heat exchange bundle 3 by brazing at the level of the protrusions 5 makes it possible to simplify the structure of the heat exchange bundle 3 and also to ensure good mechanical strength of this heat exchange bundle 3 and therefore the heat exchanger 1.
• hollow protuberances 5 allowing fluid communication between at least a first 31a and a second 31b hollow elements allows an improvement in the homogenization of the temperature of the first fluid F1 and therefore an improvement in its heat exchanges with the second fluid F2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-08-23 FR FR1909370A patent/FR3100058B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2020
  • 2020-07-28 WO PCT/FR2020/051393 patent/WO2021038152A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-07-28 EP EP20760495.0A patent/EP4018146B1/de active Active

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