EP4015406B1 - Device and method for introducing an opening into a partial region of a film wrapping of a stack of goods, preferably arranged on a pallet, the film wrapping preferably being designed as a film cover pulled over the stack of goods or as a film strap at least partially surrounding the stack of goods - Google Patents

Description

Device and method for making an opening in a partial area of a film wrapping of a stack of goods, preferably arranged on a pallet, the film wrapping preferably being designed as a film hood pulled over the stack of goods or as a film banderole at least partially surrounding the stack of goods

1. a) wobei die Folienumhüllung unter Bildung einer um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden Schweißnaht mit einer unterhalb des Gutstapels befindlichen Bodenblattfolie verschweißt ist und

   entweder

   die Öffnung in die Schweißnaht eingebracht wird

   oder aber

   die Öffnung in den den Gutstapel umgebenden Bereich der Bodenblattfolie, vorzugsweise angrenzend zur Schweißnaht, eingebracht wird

   oder
2. b) wobei die Folienumhüllung einen um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden, vorzugsweise horizontal ausgerichteten, Kragenschrumpf aufweist und die Öffnung in den Kragenschrumpf eingebracht wird
   oder
3. c) wobei die Folienumhüllung einen um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden, vorzugsweise horizontal ausgerichteten, Kragenstretch aufweist und die Öffnung in den Kragenstretch eingebracht wird,

wobei die Einrichtung ein Durchstoßelement mit einem Durchstoßbereich und zumindest einen Betätigungsarm umfasst, an dem das Durchstoßelement um eine Drehachse drehbar befestigt ist.The invention relates to a device for making an opening in a partial area of a film wrapping of a stack of goods, preferably arranged on a pallet, wherein the film wrapping comprises a film hood pulled over the stack of goods and optionally a bottom sheet film arranged below the stack of goods, or the film wrapping at least partially encloses the stack of goods surrounding film banderole and possibly a bottom sheet film arranged below the stack of goods,

1. a) the film covering being welded to a base sheet film located below the stack of goods, forming a weld seam running horizontally around the stack of goods and

   either

   the opening is made in the weld seam

   or but

   the opening is made in the area of the bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, preferably adjacent to the weld seam

   or
2. b) the film covering having a collar shrinkage which runs horizontally around the stack of goods and is preferably horizontally aligned, and the opening is made in the collar shrinkage
   or
3. c) wherein the film covering has a stretch collar that runs horizontally around the stack of goods, preferably oriented horizontally, and the opening is made in the stretch collar,

wherein the device comprises a piercing element with a piercing area and at least one actuating arm on which the piercing element is fastened so that it can rotate about an axis of rotation.

A film banderole is designed to be open at the top and bottom. A film hood encloses a stack of goods on a total of five sides. The film hood can be a shrink hood or a stretch hood made of film. If a stack of goods is placed directly on a pallet, the foil hood preferably encloses a partial area of the pallet with its lower peripheral edge for good load securing. In the case of a shrink hood, the lower edge area is heated to form a so-called collar shrinkage. In the case of a stretch film, the stretched film hood is pulled over in such a way that the stretch film lies against the pallet at least in the upper area, forming a collar stretch.

Several layers of film lie on top of each other in the area of the collar stretch as well as the collar shrinkage. Therefore, these areas are significantly thicker and sometimes also stronger than the remaining areas of the film hood. The collar stretch and collar shrink fit snugly and tightly against the outside of the top board of the pallet.

If it is intended to wrap a stack of goods on a total of six sides, a base sheet film is first placed on a pallet and the stack of goods is placed on top of it. After the film hood has been pulled over the stack of goods, the film hood with the bottom sheet film is circumferential, forming a Weld welded. In the case of a weld, for example, a heavy accumulation of material, e.g. B. in the form of beads of melted and resolidified plastic, or a thick bottom sheet film in relation to the film hood, or a bottom sheet film welded to several film hoods, the de-foiling.

For later unpacking, i. H. De-wrapping, the film hood must be separated vertically at least in one position so that the film hood can then be removed. With stacks of goods packaged in this way, however, automated unwrapping is made more difficult because of the weld seam or collar shrinkage or collar stretch. The film hood is firmly fixed to the contour of the pallet in this area, so that it cannot be reached in this area for known de-foiling processes. Depending on the thickness of the film used, for example for the bottom sheet film and for the film hood, the weld seam produced during welding or the film bead made of welded film material can be so strong and thick that with the devices known to date it is not possible to separate the film hood with the weld seam or the foil bead from the bottom sheet foil is not possible cleanly.

For de-foiling, therefore, the weld seam or the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch must first be provided with an opening so that the weld seam or the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch is open at one point. For this purpose, a device is used which comprises an actuating arm to which a rotatably mounted piercing element with a piercing area is attached. The piercing element is inserted through an insertion opening between the stack of goods and the film hood. In order to make insertion easier, the film hood is first pulled away from the stack of goods in the relevant side area and held in the pulled-away position. After inserting the piercing member into the gap, the piercing member is displaced vertically downward.

Out of U.S. 5,727,747 there is known an apparatus for removing a foil wrapper from a palletized load. An opening can be introduced by means of such a known device. However, the opening made is not in the area of the weld seam or collar shrinkage or collar stretch, but rather at a distance from the weld seam or collar shrinkage or collar stretch within the side surface of the film hood. This leaves part of the film hood on the pallet. Costly and time-consuming manual post-processing is required so that automated de-foiling can take place. Otherwise, problems in downstream operations, such as B. during transport, when depalletizing and when storing, for example in high-bay warehouses, occur if the remaining parts of the film hood are not removed.

The object of the invention is therefore to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a device by means of which an opening can be made in a welded seam, in an area of a base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, in a collar stretch or in a collar shrinkage of a film covering.

This object is achieved in that the piercing element has a first section and a second section, the first section being rotatably mounted on the actuating arm and the second section having the piercing section and the second section moving from an original position against a restoring force relative to the first Section is pivotable in at least one direction. During operation of the device according to the invention, the axis of rotation of the piercing element is aligned orthogonally to the side surface in question of the stack of goods where the opening is to be made. The first partial area of the piercing element can also be the mounting of the piercing element itself.

The film hood designed as a film covering or the film banderole designed as a film covering and at least partially surrounding the stack of goods extends at least to the lower edge of the stack of goods. However, the film covering can also protrude on the underside in relation to the underside of the stack of goods. Such an embodiment is useful when the stack of goods is placed on a pallet and a shrink collar is provided that encompasses the pallet.

The collar shrinkage or the collar stretch can fit snugly and tightly on the outside of the stack of goods or the pallet. In such a case, collar shrinkage and collar stretch are aligned vertically. However, it is also quite possible that the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch reaches under a partial area of the pallet, for example the edge area of the top board layer of the pallet. Then the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch is also at least partially aligned horizontally.

During the downward displacement in later operation, the first partial area remains in a vertical plane that is spanned by the downward movement. Due to the pivotable configuration of the second sub-area, however, the second sub-area can take on the contour of a film covering pulled away from a stack of goods, i. H. the second partial area travels along the inside of the foil cover and is guided by the foil cover exactly to the desired area where the weld seam or the area of a base sheet foil surrounding the stack of goods or the collar shrinkage or collar stretch is to be pierced.

If, for example, a film hood is welded as a film wrapping to form a horizontally circumferential weld seam around the stack of goods with a bottom sheet film located below the stack of goods, the device according to the invention can either pierce the weld seam between the bottom sheet film and the film hood. Alternatively, the bottom sheet film between the weld seam and the load (stack of goods) or the pallet can be pierced so that the weld seam or the welded film bead can be pulled as far away from the load (stack of goods) or the pallet as is possible to separate the weld seam or the welded film bead in a subsequent step, for example by means of a vertical separating device.

The first sub-area and the second sub-area can be connected to one another via a joint.

The first sub-area and the second sub-area can be connected to one another via a spring joint.

The piercing element can be designed in the manner of a sword.

In the original position, i. H. in the non-pivoted state, the first partial area and the second partial area can be aligned with one another.

The edge of the free end of the second portion, i. H. the edge of the end of the second partial area opposite the first partial area can be at least partially beveled or rounded in the direction in which the second partial area can be pivoted against the restoring force. This beveled or rounded configuration prevents the piercing element from damaging the film envelope during downward displacement if the piercing element is in contact with the inside of the film envelope during downward displacement. In addition, the rounding and beveling improves tracking of the contour of the foil wrapper. In the case of a beveled or rounded edge, the second partial area can only be pivoted in the direction of the course of the corresponding edge.

The edge of the free end of the second portion, i. H. the edge of the end of the second portion opposite the first portion, and/or the surface of the second portion interacting with the inside of a film covering have a friction-minimizing coating and/or friction-minimizing surface. During the downward displacement, the foil hood can thus bear against the piercing element with its inside without the foil hood being damaged during the downward displacement.

The free end of the second partial area, ie the end of the second partial area opposite the first partial area, can have a nose protruding in relation to the edge in the puncture area. The nose extends in the plane of the second section. First, through the nose introduced a small opening through which the piercing element is then subsequently carried out with its complete piercing region.

Adjacent to the axis of rotation, about which the piercing element is rotatably mounted, the actuating arm can have at least one cutting blade which extends parallel to the axis of rotation and is aligned orthogonally to the actuating arm and which is arranged on the actuating arm in such a way that the cutting blade after piercing, preferably during the downward displacement, located on the downward side of the operating arm. An accumulation of material remaining on the lower edge of the film covering can be severed by means of the cutting blade.

In this case, the cutting blade can be formed by two partial cutting blade areas which are aligned obliquely to one another and form a funnel-shaped insertion area between them. Due to the funnel-shaped tapering insertion area, the edge to be severed is moved along the obliquely oriented cutting edge when the actuating arm is displaced and is severed in this way.

1. a) wobei die Folienumhüllung unter Bildung einer um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden Schweißnaht mit einer unterhalb des Gutstapels befindlichen Bodenblattfolie verschweißt ist und

   entweder

   die Öffnung in die Schweißnaht eingebracht wird

   oder aber

   die Öffnung in den den Gutstapel umgebenden Bereich der Bodenblattfolie, vorzugsweise angrenzend zur Schweißnaht, eingebracht wird
   oder

2. b) wobei die Folienumhüllung einen um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden, vorzugsweise horizontal ausgerichteten, Kragenschrumpf aufweist und die Öffnung in den Kragenschrumpf eingebracht wird
   oder
3. c) wobei die Folienumhüllung einen um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden, vorzugsweise horizontal ausgerichteten, Kragenstretch aufweist und die Öffnung in den Kragenstretch eingebracht wird,

sowie zumindest eine Einrichtung, die ein Durchstoßelement mit einem Durchstoßbereich und zumindest einen Betätigungsarm umfasst, an dem das Durchstoßelement um eine Drehachse drehbar befestigt ist, wobei die Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche ausgebildet ist und wobei mittels dieser Einrichtung eine Öffnung in die Schweißnaht oder in den den Gutstapel umgebenden Bereich einer Bodenblattfolie oder in den Kragenschrumpf oder in den Kragenstretch einbringbar ist.The invention also relates to a system comprising a stack of goods, preferably arranged on a pallet, with a film covering, the film covering comprising a film hood pulled over the stack of goods and optionally a bottom sheet film arranged underneath the stack of goods, or the film covering comprising a film banderole at least partially surrounding the stack of goods and optionally comprises a bottom sheet film arranged underneath the stack of goods,

1. a) the film covering being welded to a base sheet film located below the stack of goods, forming a weld seam running horizontally around the stack of goods and

   either

   the opening is made in the weld seam

   or but

   the opening is made in the area of the bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, preferably adjacent to the weld seam
   or

2. b) the film covering having a collar shrinkage which runs horizontally around the stack of goods and is preferably horizontally aligned, and the opening is made in the collar shrinkage
   or
3. c) wherein the film covering has a stretch collar that runs horizontally around the stack of goods, preferably oriented horizontally, and the opening is made in the stretch collar,

and at least one device which comprises a piercing element with a piercing area and at least one actuating arm on which the piercing element is fastened so that it can rotate about an axis of rotation, the device being designed according to one of the claims and with this device being used to create an opening in the weld seam or in the can be introduced into the area of a bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods or into the collar shrinkage or into the collar stretch.

The device is arranged, for example, adjacent to a conveyor on which the stack of goods to be unpacked is transported. The device is advantageously arranged, for example, on a carriage that can be moved orthogonally to the conveying path. In this way, the device can be adapted to different pallet formats. It makes sense if the actuating arm has several joints. The piercing element can thus be moved to the desired location in order to then introduce the desired opening.

The system can have a frame and a support arm rotatably mounted on it about a vertical axis and drivable about the axis for a winding mandrel suspended thereon, with a guide carriage displaceable in its longitudinal direction being arranged on the support arm and on the guide carriage the winding mandrel and a guide mast extending parallel to it are suspended, and a vertically displaceable lifting carriage with a suction device that can be connected to a vacuum device for lifting the film hood from the stack of goods in certain areas and with a separating device that separates a preferably rectangular film tab from the film hood can be attached to the guide mast , Be guided, and another separating device for a vertical separating cut can be provided. Thus, by means of the separating device, three cuts forming a U can be made in the film hood. In this way, a rectangular flap of film is separated from the film hood. The separating device can be, for example, a U-shaped heating wire.

The further separating device can be a knife that can be moved along the guide mast with a drive.

Alternatively, the further separating device can be a heating wire extending parallel to the winding mandrel.

The system can also have at least one conveyor for transporting the stack of goods to and from it.

1. a) wobei die Folienumhüllung unter Bildung einer um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden Schweißnaht mit einer unterhalb des Gutstapels befindlichen Bodenblattfolie verschweißt ist und

   entweder

   die Öffnung in die Schweißnaht eingebracht wird

   oder aber

   die Öffnung in den den Gutstapel umgebenden Bereich der Bodenblattfolie, vorzugsweise angrenzend zur Schweißnaht, eingebracht wird

   oder
2. b) wobei die Folienumhüllung einen um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden, vorzugsweise horizontal ausgerichteten, Kragenschrumpf aufweist und die Öffnung in den Kragenschrumpf eingebracht wird
   oder
3. c) wobei die Folienumhüllung einen um den Gutstapel horizontal umlaufenden, vorzugsweise horizontal ausgerichteten, Kragenstretch aufweist und die Öffnung in den Kragenstretch eingebracht wird,

The invention also relates to a method for making an opening in a partial area of a film wrapping of a stack of goods, preferably arranged on a pallet, wherein the film wrapping comprises a film hood pulled over the stack of goods and optionally a bottom sheet film arranged below the stack of goods, or the film wrapping comprises at least one of the stack of goods partially surrounding film banderole and optionally a bottom sheet film arranged below the stack of goods,

1. a) the film covering being welded to a base sheet film located below the stack of goods, forming a weld seam running horizontally around the stack of goods and

   either

   the opening is made in the weld seam

   or but

   the opening is made in the area of the bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, preferably adjacent to the weld seam

   or
2. b) the film covering having a collar shrinkage which runs horizontally around the stack of goods and is preferably horizontally aligned, and the opening is made in the collar shrinkage
   or
3. c) wherein the film covering has a stretch collar that runs horizontally around the stack of goods, preferably oriented horizontally, and the opening is made in the stretch collar,

by means of a device that includes a piercing element with a piercing area and at least one actuating arm, on which the piercing element is mounted so that it can rotate about an axis of rotation, the film hood being pulled away from the stack of goods and being held in the pulled-away position, the piercing element passing through an insertion opening between the Gutstack and the film wrapping is introduced and then the piercing element is moved downwards so that it introduces an opening with its piercing area.

A film banderole is designed to be open at the top and bottom. A film hood encloses a stack of goods on a total of five sides. The film hood can be a shrink hood or a stretch hood made of film. If a stack of goods is placed directly on a pallet, the foil hood preferably encloses a partial area of the pallet with its lower peripheral edge for good load securing. In the case of a shrink hood, the lower edge area is heated to form a so-called collar shrinkage. In the case of a stretch film, the stretched film hood is pulled over in such a way that the stretch film lies against the pallet at least in the upper area, forming a collar stretch.

Several layers of film lie on top of each other in the area of the collar stretch as well as the collar shrinkage. Therefore, these areas are significantly thicker and sometimes also stronger than the remaining areas of the film hood. The collar stretch and collar shrink fit snugly and tightly against the outside of the top board of the pallet.

If it is intended to wrap a stack of goods on a total of six sides, a base sheet film is first placed on a pallet and the stack of goods is placed on top of it. After the film hood has been pulled over the stack of goods, the film hood is welded to the base sheet film all the way around, forming a weld seam. In the case of a weld, for example, a heavy accumulation of material, e.g. B. in the form of beads of melted and resolidified plastic, or a thick bottom sheet film in relation to the film hood, or a bottom sheet film welded to several film hoods, the de-foiling.

For later unpacking, i. H. De-wrapping, the film hood must be separated vertically at least in one position so that the film hood can then be removed. With stacks of goods packaged in this way, however, automated unwrapping is made more difficult because of the weld seam or collar shrinkage or collar stretch. The film hood is firmly fixed to the contour of the pallet in this area, so that it cannot be reached in this area for known de-foiling processes. Depending on the thickness of the film used, for example for the base sheet film and for the film hood, the weld seam produced during welding or the film bead made of welded film material can be so strong and thick that with the previously known methods it is impossible to separate the film hood with the weld seam or the foil bead from the bottom sheet foil is not possible cleanly.

For de-foiling, therefore, the weld seam or the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch must first be provided with an opening so that the weld seam or the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch is open at one point. For this purpose, a device is used which has an actuating arm comprises, on which a rotatably mounted piercing element is attached with a piercing area. The piercing element is inserted through an insertion opening between the stack of goods and the film hood. In order to make insertion easier, the film hood is first pulled away from the stack of goods in the relevant side area and held in the pulled-away position. After inserting the piercing member into the gap, the piercing member is displaced vertically downward.

An opening can be introduced by means of such a known device. However, the opening made is not in the area of the weld seam or the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch, but rather at a distance from the weld seam or the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch within the side surface of the film hood. This leaves part of the film hood on the pallet. Costly and time-consuming manual post-processing is required for automated de-foiling to take place. Otherwise, problems in downstream operations, such as B. during transport, when depalletizing and when storing, for example in high-bay warehouses, occur if the remaining parts of the film hood are not removed.

The object of the invention is therefore to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a method by means of which an opening can be made in a welded seam, in an area of a base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, in a collar stretch or in a collar shrinkage of a film covering.

This object is achieved in that the piercing element has a first section and a second section, the first section being attached to the actuating arm, preferably rotatably, and the second section having the piercing section and the second section moving from an original position against a restoring force can be pivoted relative to the first sub-area, and the second sub-area is pivoted in the direction of the stack of goods by moving along the inside of the film covering during the downward displacement against the restoring force and as a result of the deflection of the second partial area, the piercing element strikes the weld seam to be pierced or the region of a bottom sheet film to be pierced surrounding the stack of goods or the collar shrinkage to be pierced or the collar stretch to be pierced with its piercing area.

The film hood designed as a film covering or the film banderole designed as a film covering and at least partially surrounding the stack of goods extends at least to the lower edge of the stack of goods. However, the film covering can also protrude on the underside in relation to the underside of the stack of goods. Such an embodiment is useful when the stack of goods is placed on a pallet and a shrink collar is provided that encompasses the pallet.

The collar shrinkage or the collar stretch can fit snugly and tightly on the outside of the stack of goods or a pallet. In such a case, collar shrinkage and collar stretch are aligned vertically. However, it is also quite possible that the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch reaches under a partial area of the pallet, for example the edge area of the top board layer of the pallet. Then the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch is also at least partially aligned horizontally.

In the method, the film covering is pulled away from the stack of goods, at least in certain areas, in the area of the side where an opening is to be made, and is held in the pulled-away position. The film covering that has been pulled away is increasingly approaching the stack of goods again towards the pallet. In this way, a free space is created between the stack of goods and the film wrapping. The piercing element is inserted into the intermediate space via an insertion opening and displaced downwards by a vertical movement. With this downward displacement, the first partial area remains in a vertical plane that is spanned by the downward movement. Due to the pivotable configuration of the second sub-area, the second sub-area now follows the contour of the film covering pulled away from the stack of goods. In this respect, the second sub-area runs on the inside of the film covering along. The film covering guides the second partial area precisely to the desired area, ie the weld seam, the area of a bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, the collar shrinkage or the collar stretch, where the opening is to be made by piercing. This ensures that after the later removal of the film wrapping, no remaining parts of the film wrapping are left hanging on the pallet.

After piercing the weld seam or the area of a bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods or shrinking or stretching the collar, the film covering can be pulled away from the stack of goods in the area of the opened opening to enlarge it. This creates an opening of greater length.

The film wrapping, including a weld seam that may still be connected to the lower edge of the film wrapping or including a film bead of welded film material that may still be connected to the lower edge of the film wrapping, can be pulled away from the stack of goods by shifting the piercing element in the area of the punched-in opening.

It is advisable if, after piercing the weld seam or the area of a bottom sheet film surrounding the stack of goods, or the collar shrinkage or collar stretch, the device using a suitable cutting blade with a further displacement, preferably with a further downward displacement, removes the remains of any accumulation of material that may remain in the lower edge the foil wrapping is severed vertically. The possibly remaining accumulation of material can be, for example, the weld seam still connected to the lower edge of the film cover or the film bead made of welded film material still connected to the lower edge of the film cover.

At least one, preferably rectangular, film tabs are cut out to form an insertion opening, the film tabs are attached to a winding mandrel and the film wrapping is pulled away from the stack of goods and held in the pulled-away position. The piercing element can then be inserted between the stack of goods and the film covering through the insertion opening created in this way. For example, three cuts forming a U can be made in the film covering to separate out a film tab. In this way, a rectangular flap of film is separated from the film wrapping.

For later removal of the film wrapping, the film wrapping can be cut open vertically after piercing on the side of the stack of goods in which the opening has been made, the winding mandrel is guided around the stack of goods and the film wrapping is wound onto the winding mandrel rotating about its longitudinal axis.

The film covering wound onto the winding mandrel can be pulled off the winding mandrel by means of at least one take-over device after it has been completely wound up and fed to a disposal area. The mandrel is then available for a new de-foiling process.

Fig. 1 a

eine Seitenansicht auf einen Gutstapel mit einer übergezogenen Folienhaube mit einem Kragenschrumpf, wobei in die Folienhaube mittels einer bekannten Einrichtung eine Öffnung eingestoßen worden ist,

Fig. 1 b

den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1a, wobei die Einrichtung wieder in ihre Ausgangstellung zurückbewegt worden ist,

Fig. 2 a - f

den Bewegungsablauf der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung,

Fig. 3 a - c

eine Draufsicht auf das Durchstoßelement der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung, eine erste Seitenansicht in der Ursprungsstellung sowie eine zweite Seitenansicht im verschwenkten Zustand,

Fig. 4 a + b

zwei Seitenansichten auf einen verpackten Gutstapel, wobei bereits zwei Folienlappen herausgetrennt und die Folienlappen in Fig. 4a von einem Wickeldorn eingeklemmt sind,

Fig. 5 a - c

das Hochschwenken des Durchstoßelementes, wobei Skizze a) eine Seitenansicht auf die Stirnseite des Gutstapels, Skizze b) eine Seitenansicht auf die Längsseite des Gutstapels und Skizze c) eine Draufsicht darstellt,

Fig. 6 a - c

das Einführen des Durchstoßelementes in die Einführöffnung, wobei Skizze a) eine Seitenansicht auf die Stirnseite des Gutstapels, Skizze b) eine Seitenansicht auf die Längsseite des Gutstapels und Skizze c) eine Draufsicht darstellt,

Fig. 7 a - c

die Stellung des Durchstoßelementes kurz vor dem Durchstoßen, wobei Skizze a) eine Seitenansicht auf die Stirnseite des Gutstapels, Skizze b) eine Seitenansicht auf die Längsseite des Gutstapels und Skizze c) eine Draufsicht darstellt,

Fig. 8

das Detail "X" aus Fig. 7 a,

Fig. 9 a - c

die Stellung des Durchstoßelementes nach dem Durchstoßen, wobei Skizze a) eine Seitenansicht auf die Stirnseite des Gutstapels, Skizze b) eine Seitenansicht auf die Längsseite des Gutstapels und Skizze c) eine Draufsicht darstellt,

Fig. 10 a +b

das Detail "Y" aus Fig. 9 a sowie eine Draufsicht auf das Detail "Y" aus Fig. 9 a,

Fig. 11 a - c

zwei Draufsichten auf den Gutstapel, wobei das Durchstoßelement zur Vergrößerung der Länge der Öffnung vom Gutstapel wegbewegt wird, sowie die Einrichtung in vergrößerter Darstellung in der Draufsicht,

Fig. 12 a - c

die Stellung des Durchstoßelementes nach Bewegung in seine Ausgangsstellung, wobei Skizze a) eine Seitenansicht auf die Stirnseite des Gutstapels, Skizze b) eine Seitenansicht auf die Längsseite des Gutstapels und Skizze c) eine Draufsicht darstellt sowie

Fig. 12 d

eine Draufsicht auf einen Teilbereich der Einrichtung, wobei in dieser Stellung das Durchstoßelement parallel zum Betätigungsarm ausgerichtet ist.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawings are explained below. Show it:

1a

a side view of a stack of goods with a film hood pulled over it with a collar shrinkage, with an opening having been punched into the film hood by means of a known device,

Figure 1b

the object Fig. 1a , the device having been returned to its original position,

Fig. 2 a - f

the movement sequence of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 3 a - c

a plan view of the piercing element of the device according to the invention, a first side view in the original position and a second side view in the pivoted state,

Fig. 4a + b

Two side views of a packaged stack of goods, with two flaps of film already cut out and the flaps of film in Figure 4a are pinched by a mandrel,

Fig. 5 a - c

the pivoting up of the piercing element, wherein sketch a) shows a side view of the front side of the stack of goods, sketch b) shows a side view of the long side of the stack of goods and sketch c) shows a plan view,

Fig. 6 a - c

the insertion of the piercing element into the insertion opening, wherein sketch a) shows a side view of the front side of the stack of goods, sketch b) shows a side view of the longitudinal side of the stack of goods and sketch c) shows a plan view,

Fig. 7 a - c

the position of the piercing element shortly before piercing, wherein sketch a) shows a side view of the front side of the stack of goods, sketch b) shows a side view of the long side of the stack of goods and sketch c) shows a plan view,

8

the detail "X". 7 a,

Fig. 9 a - c

the position of the piercing element after piercing, wherein sketch a) shows a side view of the front side of the stack of goods, sketch b) shows a side view of the long side of the stack of goods and sketch c) shows a plan view,

Fig. 10 a + b

the detail "Y". 9 a and a plan view of detail "Y". 9 a,

11a-c

two top views of the stack of items, with the piercing element being moved away from the stack of items to increase the length of the opening, and the device in an enlarged representation in the top view,

Fig. 12 a - c

the position of the piercing element after movement into its initial position, sketch a) showing a side view of the front side of the stack of goods, sketch b) showing a side view of the long side of the stack of goods and sketch c) showing a top view, and

Fig. 12d

a plan view of a portion of the device, wherein in this position the piercing element is aligned parallel to the actuating arm.

The same reference numbers are used in all figures for the same or similar components.

The Figures 1a and 1b show a stack of goods 1 over which a film hood 2 is pulled over as a film covering. The stack of goods 1 is arranged on a pallet 3 . The lower edge of the film hood 2 forms a horizontally oriented collar shrinkage 4, which occurs when the relevant area shrinks. The collar shrink 4 is tight and close to the pallet 3. The collar shrinkage 4 reaches under the edge area of the upper board layer of the pallet 3. A collar shrinkage 4 is an accumulation of welded film material.

A winding mandrel 5 is shown to the side of the stack of goods 1 . As can be seen from the figures, two film tabs 6 have been cut out on one side of the film hood 2 by three cuts each, which are attached to the winding mandrel 5 . After the film flaps 6 have been attached, the film hood 2 is pulled away somewhat from the stack of goods 1 by the winding mandrel 5 .

Each of the two film flaps 6 cut out on three sides represents an insertion opening. Part of a device for making an opening is inserted through the lower insertion opening. Like the Figures 1a and 1b can be seen, the device has a sword-like piercing element 7, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation 8 attached to an actuating arm 9 of the device. The mounting of the actuating arm 9 is not shown in detail.

In the area of the Figures 1a and 1b At the end pointing downwards, the piercing element 7 has a piercing area 10 . The arrangement of the piercing area 10 is shown, for example, in FIGS Figures 3a and 3b shown, showing the piercing element 7 in an enlarged view. After inserting the piercing element 7 into the insertion opening, the piercing element 7 is displaced downwards. During the downward displacement, the piercing element 7 is guided at a distance from the stack of goods 1 and strikes the stretched film hood 2. The piercing element 7 makes an opening 11 in the contact area.

How Fig. 1b can be seen, however, the opening 11 is placed at a distance from the collar shrinkage 4, which rests directly on the pallet 3. A part of the film hood 1 therefore remains on the shrink collar 4. This remaining part hangs down after complete unpacking and can, for example, cover the free space between two runners of the pallet 3.

The Figures 2a to 2f and 3a to 3c show the device according to the invention for making an opening 11 in a horizontally oriented weld seam between a base sheet film and a film hood welded to the base sheet film and pulled over a stack of goods or for making an opening in a horizontally oriented collar shrink 4 or in a horizontally oriented collar stretch of a over a a pallet 3 arranged stack of goods 1 drawn film hood 2. A stack of goods 1, which is covered with a film hood 2 and is parked on a pallet 3, for example in Fig. 1a shown.

The device comprises a piercing element 7 with a piercing region 10 and an actuating arm 9. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the actuating arm 9 is designed in two parts, with the two parts of the actuating arm 9 being connected to one another by a rotary joint 12. If the device is arranged adjacent to a conveyor on which the stacks of goods 1 to be unpacked are transported, the actuating arm 9 can be mounted, for example, on the structure of the conveyor. A rotary bearing 13 is provided for further changing the inclination of the actuating arm 9 . In order to change the distance between the piercing element 7 and the pallet 3, the rotary bearing 13 can be fastened, for example, to a carriage which is aligned orthogonally to the longitudinal side of the stack of goods 1. This allows the device to be moved in the direction of arrow 14, which is in Figure 11b is drawn in, are moved closer to the stack of goods 1 or moved away from this.

The piercing element 7 has a first section 15 and a second section 16 , the first section 15 being mounted on the actuating arm 9 so as to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 8 and the second section 16 having the piercing section 10 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, the first partial area 15 and the second partial area 16 are pivotably connected to one another via a spring joint 17 .

The first section 15 has a laterally protruding guide pin 18 on which a transmission element 19 is guided, which is screwed to the second section 16 . A spring 20 is also attached to the guide pin 18 and secured with a screw 21 . The spring 20 presses the transmission element 19 against the first section 15.

In Figure 3b the device is shown in the original position. In the original position, the first subarea 15 and the second subarea 16 are aligned. Against the restoring force generated by the spring 20, the second subarea 16 can be pivoted out of this original position relative to the first subarea 15 in the direction of the arrow 22. The pivoted position of the second partial area 16 is in 3c shown.

Like the Figures 3a and 3b it can be seen that the edge of the second partial area 16 is beveled in the area of the free end, namely in the direction in which the second partial area 16 can be pivoted against the restoring force. The free end of the second portion 16 has an approximately rounded configuration. In addition, the free end of the second partial area 16 in the puncture area 10 has a nose 23 that protrudes in relation to the edge and is approximately semicircular in the illustrated exemplary embodiment.

Like for example Figure 12d As can be seen, the actuating arm 9 has a cutting blade 24 adjacent to the axis of rotation 8, about which the piercing element 7 is rotatably mounted, which extends parallel to the axis of rotation 8 and is aligned orthogonally to the actuating arm 9, which blade is arranged on the actuating arm 9 in such a way that the cutting blade 24 is arranged on the underside of the actuating arm 9 during a further downward movement after piercing. The cutting blade 24 is formed by two partial cutting blade areas 25, 26 which are aligned obliquely to one another and form a funnel-shaped insertion area between them.

The inventive method is in the Figures 4 to 12 shown, the devices required for unpacking are only indicated. Like for example Figure 4a can be seen, two U-shaped cuts are made in the area of a long side in the film hood 2 by means of a separating device, not shown. The separating device can be, for example, a U-shaped heating wire. In this way, a rectangular film tab 6 is severed in the area of each U-shaped cut. The film flaps 6 are sucked in and fastened to a winding mandrel 5, for example by means of a suction device.

The device according to the invention is located in 4 still in their starting position. In the starting position, the device is located below the pallet level in the exemplary embodiment shown.

In figure 5 the piercing element 7 has already been erected. As in 6 shown, then the part of the actuating arm 9 is pivoted to which the piercing element 7 is attached. As a result, the piercing element 7 is inserted through the insertion opening into the space between the stack of goods 1 and the film hood 2 .

The piercing element 7 is located at a horizontal distance from the stack of goods 1, as is the case, for example, in Figure 7a is shown. The piercing element 7 is then pivoted downwards about the axis of rotation 8 . During this downward displacement, the piercing element 7 moves along the inside of the film hood 2. Due to the pivotable mounting of the second partial area 16 on the first partial area 15, the second partial area 16 is increasingly pushed into the in 8 Pivoted position shown, while the first portion 15 is displaced only vertically downwards. As a result, the piercing element 7 hits with its piercing area 10 exactly in the area to be pierced, in this case the collar shrinkage 4.

In 9 the piercing element 7 has already made the desired opening 11 in the collar shrinkage 4 . Therefore, the piercing element 7 partially protrudes from the bottom of the foil hood 2 . Figure 10a shows the detail "Y" out Figure 9a as well as Figure 10b a plan view of detail "Y". Figure 9a . As can be seen from the figures, the opening 11 has already been introduced. The piercing element 7 protrudes from the underside. Since the opening 11 has been made and the film hood 2 is no longer stretched in this area, the spring 20 has pivoted the second partial area 16 back into the original position.

In Figures 11b and 11c the actuating arm 9 is pivoted outwards to enlarge the opening 11 that has been pushed in, and the piercing element 7 is thus displaced horizontally away from the stack of goods 1 . As a result, the film hood 2 is pulled away from the stack of goods 1 in the region of the opening 11 that has been pushed in, and the opening 11 is thus enlarged.

In the Figures 12a to 12d the device according to the invention is back in its starting position, as in 4 shown, has been shifted back. by means of the in 12 recognizable cutting blade 24, after piercing the collar shrinkage 4 or a collar stretch, the device can vertically cut through residues of a possibly remaining accumulation of material in the lower edge of the film hood 2 during a further downward displacement.

Then the defoliation takes place. For this purpose, the foil hood 2 is cut open vertically after piercing on the side of the stack of goods 1 in which the opening has been made. The winding mandrel 5 is then guided around the stack of goods 1 . The film hood 2 is wound onto the winding mandrel 5 rotating about its longitudinal axis.

Claims (22)

1. Device for introducing an opening (11) into a partial region of a film wrapping of a stack of goods (1), preferably arranged on a pallet, wherein the film wrapping comprises a film cover (2) pulled over the stack of goods (1) and, as appropriate, a base sheet film arranged beneath the stack of goods (1), or the film wrapping comprises a film strap at least partially surrounding the stack of goods (1) and, as appropriate, a base sheet film arranged beneath the stack of goods (1),

   a) wherein the film wrapping is welded to the base sheet film located beneath the stack of goods (1), forming a weld seam running horizontally around the stack of goods (1), and

   either the opening (11) is introduced into the weld seam

   or the opening (11) is introduced into the region of the base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods,

   or

   b) wherein the film wrapping comprises a shrink collar (4), running horizontally around the stack of goods (1) and preferably aligned horizontally, and the opening (11) is introduced into the shrink collar (4),
   or

   c) wherein the film wrapping comprises a stretch collar, running horizontally around the stack of goods (1) and preferably aligned horizontally, and the opening (11) is introduced into the stretch collar,

   wherein the device comprises a breakthrough element (7) with a breakthrough region (10) and at least one actuation arm (9), to which the breakthrough element (7) is secured such as to be capable of rotation about a rotation axis (8), characterised in that the breakthrough element (7) comprises a first part region (15) and a second part region (16), wherein the first part region (15) is mounted such as to rotate at the actuation arm (9), and wherein the second part region (16) comprises the breakthrough region (10), and wherein the second part region (16) can be pivoted out of an original position, against a resetting force, opposite the first part region (15), into at least one direction.
2. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the first part region (15) and the second part region (16) can be connected to one another by means of a joint.
3. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the first part region (15) and the second part region (16) are connected to one another by means of a spring joint (17).
4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the breakthrough element (7) is configured in the form of a sword.
5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the original position the first part region (15) and the second part region (16) are at least flush with one another.
6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the edge of the free end of the second part region (16) is configured as at least partially chamfered or rounded in the direction in which the second part region (16) can be pivoted against the resetting force.
7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the edge of the free end of the second part region (16), and/or the surface of the second part region (16) which is interacting with the inner side of a film cover (2), comprise(s) a friction-minimising coating and/or friction-minimising surface.
8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the free end of the second part region (16) comprises a nose (23) in the breakthrough region (10) which protrudes opposite the edge.
9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the actuation arm (9), adjacent to the axis of rotation (8) about which the breakthrough element (7) can be rotated, comprises at least one cutting blade (24), extending parallel to the axis of rotation (8) and aligned orthogonally to the actuation arm (9), which is arranged at the actuation arm (9) in such a way that, after breaking through and preferably during the downwards movement, the cutting blade (24) is arranged at the side of the actuation arm (9) facing downwards.
10. Device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the cutting blade (24) is formed by two cutting blade part regions (25, 26), aligned obliquely in relation to one another and forming between them a funnel-shaped introduction guide region.
11. System comprising a stack of goods (1), preferably arranged on a pallet, with a film wrapping, wherein the film wrapping comprises a film cover (2) pulled over the stack of goods (1) and, as appropriate, a base sheet film arranged beneath the stack of goods (1), or the film wrapping comprises a film strap at least partially surrounding the stack of goods (1) and, as appropriate, a base sheet film arranged beneath the stack of goods (1),

    a) wherein the film wrapping is welded to the base sheet film located beneath the stack of goods (1), forming a weld seam running horizontally around the stack of goods (1), and

    either the opening (11) is introduced into the weld seam

    or the opening (11) is introduced into the region of the base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods,

    or

    b) wherein the film wrapping comprises a shrink collar (4), running horizontally around the stack of goods (1) and preferably aligned horizontally, and the opening (11) is introduced into the shrink collar (4),
    or

    c) wherein the film wrapping comprises a stretch collar, running horizontally around the stack of goods (1) and preferably aligned horizontally, and the opening (11) is introduced into the stretch collar,

    and at least one device, which comprises a breakthrough element (7) with a breakthrough region (10) and at least one actuation arm (9), to which the breakthrough element (7) is secured such as to rotate about an axis of rotation (8), characterised in that the device is configured in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, and that, by means of this device, an opening (11) can be introduced into the weld seam, or into the region of a base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods (1), or into the shrink collar (4) or into the stretch collar.
12. System in accordance with the preceding claim, characterised in that the system comprises a frame and a carrier arm, mounted on the frame such as to rotate about a vertical axis and driven such as to be able to rotate about the axis, for a winding spindle (5) suspended on it, wherein a guide carriage is arranged at the carrier arm, movable in its longitudinal direction, and the winding spindle (5) and a guide mast extending parallel to it are suspended at the guide carriage, and that guided at the guide mast is a vertically movable raising carriage, with a suction device which can be connected to a low-pressure device for the raising of the film cover (2) region by region from the stack of goods (1), and with a separating device which separates a film flap (6) from the film cover (2), and that a further separating device is provided for a vertical separation cut.
13. System in accordance with the preceding claim, characterised in that the further separating device is a blade which can be moved by means of a drive along the length of the guide mast.
14. System in accordance claim 12, characterised in that the further separating device is a heated wire extending parallel to the winding spindle.
15. System in accordance with any one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that the system comprises at least one conveyor for the delivery and removal transport of the stack of goods (1).
16. Method for introducing an opening (11) into a part region of a film wrapping of a stack of goods (1), preferably arranged on a pallet, wherein the film wrapping comprises a film cover (2) pulled over the stack of goods (1) and, as appropriate, a base sheet film is arranged beneath the stack of goods (1), or the film wrapping comprises a film strap at least partially surrounding the stack of goods (1) and, as appropriate, a base sheet film arranged beneath the stack of goods (1),

    a) wherein the film wrapping is welded to the base sheet film located beneath the stack of goods (1), forming a weld seam running horizontally around the stack of goods (1), and

    either the opening (11) is introduced into the weld seam

    or the opening (11) is introduced into the region of the base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods,

    or

    b) wherein the film wrapping comprises a shrink collar (4), running horizontally around the stack of goods (1) and preferably aligned horizontally, and the opening (11) is introduced into the shrink collar (4),
    or

    c) wherein the film wrapping comprises a stretch collar, running horizontally around the stack of goods (1) and preferably aligned horizontally, and the opening (11) is introduced into the stretch collar,

    by means of a device which comprises a breakthrough element (7) with a breakthrough region (10) and at least one actuation arm (9), at which the breakthrough element (7) is mounted such as to rotate about an axis of rotation (8), wherein the film wrapping (2) is drawn away from the stack of goods (1) and is held in the drawn away position, wherein the breakthrough element (7) is guided between the introduction opening (11) between the stack of goods (1)

    and the film wrapping, and the breakthrough element (7) is then moved downwards, such that an opening (11) is introduced with its breakthrough region (10), characterised in that the breakthrough element (7) comprises a first part region (15) and a second part region (16), wherein the first part region (15) is secured to the actuation arm (9), preferably in a rotatable manner, and wherein the second part region (16) comprises the breakthrough region (10), and wherein the second part region (16) can be pivoted out of an original position, against a resetting force, opposite the first part region (15), and the second part region (16) can be pivoted by the lengthways travel on the inside of the film wrapping, during the downwards movement against the resetting force, in the direction of the stack of goods (1), and, as a consequence of the deflection of the second part region (16), the breakthrough element (7) with its breakthrough region (10) impinges onto the weld seam which is to be broken through or onto the region of a base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods (1), or onto the shrink collar (4) which is to be broken through or onto the stretch collar which is to be broken through.
17. Method according to the preceding claim, characterised in that, after the breaking through of the weld seam or of the region of a base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods (1), or of the shrink collar (4), or of the stretch collar, for the enlarging of the opening (11) which has been broken through, the film wrapping in the region of the opening (11) which has been broken through is then drawn away from the stack of goods (1).
18. Method according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the film wrapping, including a weld seam which may possibly still be connected to the lower edge of the film wrapping, or including a film beading of welded material, which may possibly still be connected to the lower edge of the film wrapping, is, by a movement away from the stack of goods (1) of the breakthrough element (7), drawn away from the stack of goods (1) in the region of the opening (11) which has been broken through.
19. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 16 to 18, characterised in that, after the breakthrough of the region of a base sheet film surrounding the stack of goods (1), or of the shrink collar (4), or of the stretch collar, the device, upon a further movement, preferably a further downwards movement, cuts through the remnant of a possibly still remaining accumulation of material in the lower edge of the film wrapping.
20. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 16 to 19, characterised in that at least one film flap (6) is separated out from the film wrapping, into the side of the stack of goods (1) at which it intended for an opening (11) to be introduced, with the formation of an introduction guide opening, the film flap (6) is secured to a winding spindle (5), and the film wrapping is drawn away from the stack of goods (1) and held in the drawn away position.
21. Method according to the preceding claim, characterised in that, after the breakthrough at the side of the stack of goods (1) in which the opening (11) has been introduced, the film wrapping is cut vertically upwards, the winding spindle (5) is guided around the stack of goods (1), and in this situation the film wrapping is wound onto the winding spindle (5) rotating about its longitudinal axis.
22. Method according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the film wrapping wound onto the winding spindle (5), after complete winding, is drawn off from the winding spindle (5) by means of at least one takeover device, and is guided to a disposal region.

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