EP4004331A2 - Drill head and method for producing a vertical borehole in the ground - Google Patents
Drill head and method for producing a vertical borehole in the groundInfo
- Publication number
- EP4004331A2 EP4004331A2 EP20746138.5A EP20746138A EP4004331A2 EP 4004331 A2 EP4004331 A2 EP 4004331A2 EP 20746138 A EP20746138 A EP 20746138A EP 4004331 A2 EP4004331 A2 EP 4004331A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- opening
- drilling
- suction box
- soil
- loosened
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
- E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drilling head and a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil on a face the bore, with a conveying device for removing the loosened soil on the face, which can be connected to a suction unit for sucking in a conveying medium via a conveying line, the conveying device having an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face.
- Such a drill head is known for example from US 4646853 A, EP 2597249 B1, US 3384191 A, US 4195700 A and US 4200160 A.
- US 4646853 A discloses an apparatus and a method for sinking a shaft.
- a cutting wheel rotatable about a vertical axis is provided for loosening the bottom.
- Mechanical conveyance with buckets is provided for conveying away the loosened soil.
- EP 2597249 B1 shows a drilling device for drilling vertical bores in the ground with a drill head that rotates on a face.
- a suction device is provided which has an opening which is arranged on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the face and rotates with the drill head.
- loosened soil is removed from the borehole.
- US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also has a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
- a guide plate is provided that is arranged in the area of the opening of the suction and collects the loosened soil when the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening. Behind the opening there is a sloping channel which opens into a centrally arranged discharge line.
- US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided.
- the opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conically shaped tube is provided that widens towards the discharge line.
- US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
- the suction provides a slot-shaped radial opening which opens into a cylindrical space. A channel emerges from this, which leads into the sewer.
- the object of the invention is to simplify the suction in the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.
- the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box as part of the discharge device, which has a connection opening for a connection to the conveying line at an end opposite the opening, that at least one element is provided, which exerts an acceleration on the loosened soil in the area of the suction box, through which the soil loosened by the drilling tools can be moved into the opening area and / or through the opening in the suction box, the loosened soil in the opening area, preferably in the opening and / or in the
- the suction box is captured by the conveying medium and can be conveyed away by the suction unit via the conveying line.
- the at least one element is at least one nozzle which is provided directed into the opening area and which emits at least one jet of a transport medium to effect the acceleration.
- Another teaching of the invention provides that behind the opening at least one deflection area is provided, preferably in front of the entry into the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected. In this way, the material to be conveyed away can be fed to the conveying system in a particularly simple manner and then conveyed away.
- Another teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the bottom, preferably in the form of a toothed strip, and / or for picking up loosened soil is provided in the opening area. This allows rock / soil to be loosened / picked up on the face directly in the opening area. The material dissolved / absorbed in this way can be particularly easily fed to the suction system.
- the at least one tool can be moved to change the distance between the tool and the face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.
- a further teaching of the invention provides that the distance between the opening area and the working face can be adjusted. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by moving the suction box vertically and / or by pivoting the suction box around a pivot point, a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or for the pivoting. In this way, the amount of extracted material can be influenced directly in a simple manner.
- the opening area is provided with a cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a medium, for example a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite flushing).
- a cleaning tool preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a medium, for example a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite flushing).
- a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one flushing nozzle is provided with which soil loosened by at least one drilling tool can be transported into an area on the working face over which the suction box travels when drilling with the drilling head. This improves the transport of material to the suction box in a simple manner.
- the suction box is provided interchangeably in the drill head. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. A reversal of the direction of rotation is also possible.
- a classification element is provided in the opening area. This can be, for example, a grid, metal dividers which divide the opening area into several openings, or several openings. This makes it possible in a simple manner to limit the grain size of the sucked-in material.
- suction box is arranged essentially horizontally. This has a positive effect on the material transport in the suction box and the material pick-up.
- the opening area extends essentially radially outward, as seen from the center point. It is advantageous that the opening is elongated or slit-like.
- a further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross-section of the opening along the opening area changes, preferably enlarged, when viewed radially outward. In this way, the material uptake, the location of the material uptake and the uptake quantity can be influenced in a simple manner.
- connection opening of the suction box is arranged offset with respect to the opening area with respect to a perpendicular perpendicular to the opening area, preferably outwards.
- the suction box is constructed asymmetrically.
- the suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be influenced in a simple manner, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by moving it outwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suck off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
- connection opening of the suction box is arranged pivoted with respect to the opening area relative to a perpendicular perpendicular to the opening area.
- the suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be influenced in a simple manner, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by tilting the connection opening inwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suck off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
- the suction box has at least one nozzle in the interior. In this way, the movement of the loosened soil / rock for gripping by the conveying medium can be improved in a simple manner.
- the delivery medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air.
- the conveying medium is air and the transport medium is air or a liquid, preferably water. This is used when the drill head is / should not / cannot be flooded and therefore liquid-based production is ruled out. It has been shown, surprisingly, that the loosened soil / rock can be easily transported / activated by the emitted jet and can advantageously be fed into and removed from the conveying flow of air.
- a further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one driven rotary element with at least one striking element arranged thereon, the at least one striking element causing the loosened soil to accelerate via a contact through a rotational movement.
- the striking element can be moved on a striking circle which is provided concentrically around the rotating element.
- the at least one impact element is movably arranged on the at least one rotation element, preferably via a joint.
- the at least one striking element is a hammer, a sword, a rope, a chain, a brush element, or a chisel.
- a further teaching of the invention provides that the rotation of the at least one rotation element can be speed-regulated.
- Another teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element causes the loosened soil to be comminuted.
- the suction box is provided horizontally, inclined and / or vertically.
- the object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a drill head, in particular with a drill head described above, the drill head being connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, the drill head has a body on which drilling tools are arranged, with which the soil on a face of the borehole is loosened during drilling and comminuted to a size that can be conveyed away, the loosened and comminuted soil being transported away from the face with a conveying device which is connected to a suction unit for Suction of a conveying medium is connected via a conveying line, the discharge device having a suction box with an opening area with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face, with the steps:
- Another teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the opening in the suction box by the acceleration introduced.
- Another teaching of the invention provides that the detection takes place in the suction box and / or in the opening area, preferably in front of the opening.
- Another teaching of the invention provides that the acceleration takes place by emitting a jet of a transport medium from a nozzle which is directed into the opening area of the suction box as part of the conveying device.
- Another teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by the transport medium.
- the acceleration takes place by at least one driven rotary element with at least one striking element arranged thereon, the at least one striking element causing the loosened soil to accelerate via a contact through a rotational movement.
- the loosened soil is moved by the striking element. It is advantageous here, as described above, that the conveying medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air
- Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the first
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail sketch of FIG. 1 of a first embodiment of FIG
- Figure 3 is a schematic partial sectional view in plan view of Figure 2
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of alternative drill head shapes according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic spatial partial view of FIG. 1
- FIG. 6 shows a further schematic spatial partially sectioned partial view of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 7 shows a further schematic spatial partially sectioned partial view of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 8 shows a first schematic diagram with regard to the removal according to the invention in
- FIG. 9 shows a second schematic diagram with regard to the conveyance according to the invention.
- Figure 10 is a schematic side view of a first arrangement of a suction box in a drill head according to the invention
- Figure 11 is a schematic side view of a second arrangement of a suction box in a drill head according to the invention.
- FIG. 12 a partial sectional view of FIG. 11,
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic side view of a preparation in a drilling device with a drilling head according to the invention
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 15 shows a sectional view of FIG. 14 rotated by 90 °
- FIG. 16 alternative drill head profiles to FIG. 14.
- Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a first embodiment.
- the drill head 10 has a body 11 on which on its underside 13 Drilling tools 12 are arranged.
- the drill head 10 On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection (not shown) for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
- the drive is for example provided directly in the drilling device, for example a shaft drilling machine. Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements, for example in a borehole / pile / casing, are also possible.
- the underside 13 has a, for example, planar (other shapes are possible) ring section 15, on which the underside 16 of which drilling tools 12 are provided.
- arms here for example 8 arms 17, extend outward, each of which has a here, for example, planar flank 18.
- Broaching tools 19 and wear elements 40 can be provided on the flanks.
- the flanks 18 can also be designed around the entire surface.
- a recess 41 is provided here, for example, which has, for example, a flat surface 42 and flanks 43, on which drilling tools 12 are also provided.
- the shape of the drill head described here is also referred to as a W drill head.
- the drilling profile for this is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
- the width of the planar ring section 15 and the angles of the inner and outer flanks 43, 18 and the size of the inner surface 42 are variable and depend on the degradation conditions, as is also shown in FIG.
- the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, paring chisels or paring knives 12b or roller chisels 12c or other alternatives. The selection of the drilling tools 12 takes place depending on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the bore.
- connection 45 of the delivery line 31 is shown in FIG.
- the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13 of the W drill head 10 on the ring section 15.
- FIG. 1 Alternative arrangements of the suction box 20 are shown in FIG.
- the suction box 20 sits in the deepest part of the borehole (left in FIG. 4) or extends and is provided radially in a flat manner executed drill head (right in Figure 4).
- a W drill head is shown in the middle of FIG. 4, a W drill head is shown.
- the suction box 20 is inclined or vertical and, for example, its opening 23 is directed downwards towards the face 100.
- the suction box 20 in a first embodiment has an opening area 22 on its front side 21, which has at least one opening 23.
- the opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 which divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a.
- the classifying element 24 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.
- the interior 25 is formed by a cover 26 as the top and a bottom 27 as the bottom, which are designed here as an embodiment plan. Other forms of lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28 which here extend from the front 21 along the shape of the cover and the base.
- a box-like structure can be present here.
- a funnel can be present if the width of the interior space 25 is reduced, for example by a curved shape of the side walls 28, as a result of which the flow velocity of the announced mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width.
- an opening 29 is provided, at which a connection 30 is provided for a conveying capacity 31, which is connected to a suction unit / pump (not shown) in the drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil / rock or the Carry out a mixture of the conveying medium and dissolved soil / rock.
- the height of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, starting from the front 21 towards the opening 29 on the rear of the suction box 20 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil / rock.
- the suction box 20, shown here symmetrically, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown). It can be particularly useful here, for example in the case of a flat executed drill head, if the extension of the opening area 22 is made longer, the opening 29 to be offset towards the outer circumference of the body 11 in order in the areas in which more soil / rock is loosened during the rotation of the drill head and through the opening 23 in the interior 25 of the suction box 20 enters to increase the flow rate in a targeted manner.
- connection 30 of the conveying capacity 31 opens in an inclined manner while collapsing into the interior space 25.
- the opening area 22 can have soil loosening tools and / or soil receiving tools 33, for example paring knives or scrapers, in the area of the opening 23 which extends along the front side 21.
- soil loosening tools and / or soil receiving tools 33 for example paring knives or scrapers, in the area of the opening 23 which extends along the front side 21.
- guide plates can also be provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 (not shown), which guide the released material to the opening area 22.
- the feeding can be supported by nozzles such as, for example, flushing nozzles 32.
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a section of the drill head 10 according to the invention with a suction box 20 with an opening 23 and nozzles 34 directed thereon for dispensing a transport medium 80, preferably air or a liquid such as water or bentonite mud.
- the conveying medium 90 is sucked in through the conveying line 31, which is connected to the suction box 20 via the opening 29 and the connection 30.
- Loosened soil 110 is accelerated by the transport medium jet 81 and transported through the opening 23. There, the loosened soil 110 is captured by the conveying medium 90.
- Loosened soil 110, conveying medium 90 and transport medium 80 mix to form a conveying flow 120, which is then conveyed away via the conveying line.
- the transport medium jet 81 causes a turbulence or detachment of the loosened soil 110 from the face 100 in the opening area 22 through the acceleration input, so that the loosened soil is already captured there by the conveying medium 90 and transported away with the conveying medium as a conveying flow 120 becomes.
- FIG. 5 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in W-shape according to FIG. 1 with drilling tools 12 arranged thereon as disks 12a and with chisels on the lateral flanks 18 and on the flanks 43 on the underside 13.
- the drilling tools 12 arranged on the arms 17 can be exchanged from the interior of the arm 17.
- FIG. 6 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in W-shape according to FIG. 1 with a suction box 20 and a delivery line 31 connected to it, which are provided within the arm 17.
- a suction box 20 and a delivery line 31 connected to it, which are provided within the arm 17.
- no drilling tools 12, 12a are shown in FIG.
- flushing nozzles 32 are provided, which are aligned in the direction of the opening 23 of the suction box 20.
- the same medium as the transport medium can preferably be used as the rinsing medium.
- the mud jet 130 With the mud jet 130, the loosened cuttings 1 1 is transported into the opening area 22 or towards the deepest point 140 of the borehole. In this area, the loosened soil 110 is then fed from the nozzles 34 to the opening 23 of the cistern 20, as shown in FIG. 7.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 The sequence of soil loosening and removal of the loosened soil is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example in connection with a drill head 10 according to FIG.
- the soil is loosened with drilling tools 12 and is located in the area of the respective drilling tools.
- flushing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of the respective drilling tools 12. These emit a mud jet 130 which washes the loosened soil 110 into the area of the deepest part of the borehole 140. In this area the suction box 20 is moved with its opening 23.
- the transport medium jet 81 is then emitted in the opening area 23, with which the loosened soil is accelerated into the opening 22 and thus moved to the cistern 20 for removal, and V or in the opening area 22 is sucked directly through the suction box 20 becomes.
- the movement / acceleration of the cuttings into the suction box 20 can additionally be supported by mechanical tools.
- FIG. 10 shows the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box, the opening 29 or connection 30 of which to the conveying line 31 is provided behind the opening area 22. Shown is mechanical support during the pick-up by means of a pick-up tool 33.
- the suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35.
- the nozzles 34 are not shown here.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box 20 is shown, the opening 29 or connection 30 of which to the conveying line 31 is provided in front of the opening area 22. What is shown is mechanical support during the pick-up by means of a pick-up tool 33.
- the suction box 20 can pivot about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35 will.
- the suction box can thus be given away in the direction of arrow A, so that the distance 36 from the face 100 changes.
- the arrangement of the nozzles 34 is shown in FIG.
- a first nozzle 34 is provided here, which is directed in the direction of the deflecting or receiving tool 33.
- a second nozzle 34 ′ is provided, which is directed in the direction of the opening 29 and the connection 30.
- the loosened soil 110 is fed to the conveying medium 120 through the two nozzles 34, 34 'and conveyed away together with it.
- the conveyed flow conveyed away via the conveying line 31 is composed of a combination of solid components (dissolved soil 110) and liquid and / or gaseous components. These are fed to a preparation 200 via the delivery line 31 (see FIG. 13). Here the components are separated from one another, for example by means of at least one cyclone, liquid and / or dust separator.
- the gaseous components are fed back into the drilling area (for example the shaft that has already been drilled). If necessary, the liquid constituents are fed back to the nozzles 32, 34, 34 'or conveyed away from the drilling area to the surface.
- the solid components are also removed from the drilling area above ground using suitable means.
- FIGS. 14-16 shows a mechanical acceleration entry.
- a striking device 50 is provided, which is provided in the area of the suction box 20 towards the inside in the drill head 10 but can accelerate the loosened soil 110 in the area of the face 100.
- a rotation element 51 is provided in a housing 57, on which a plurality of striking elements 52 are arranged around the circumference, here preferably provided movably via a joint 53.
- the striking elements 52 move on a striking circle 54 provided concentrically around the rotating element 51.
- the rotating element 51 is driven via a drive (not shown). Striking elements 52 hit loosened soil in a striking area 55, which is then introduced in the striking direction 56 into the suction box 20 or into its opening 23. In the interior space 25 there and / or in the opening area 22, the accelerated, loosened soil is then captured by the conveying medium 90 and conveyed away through the conveying line 31 with the conveying flow 120.
- FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show different arrangement widths of the striking device 50 in connection with the flanks 18, 43 of the drill head 10. It is advantageous here to make the striking device 50 as wide as possible (FIG. 16, bottom) in order to achieve a better conveying performance.
- flanks 18, 43 as shown in FIG. 16 at the top, can be made relatively steep and short compared to the representations in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 below, so that under certain circumstances even flank flushing, here in the form of a Air flow or in the form of clearing elements (not shown) can be omitted.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Bohrkopf und Verfahren für das Erstellen einer vertikalen Bohrung im Boden Drill head and procedure for making a vertical hole in the ground
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bohrkopf und ein Verfahren zum Erstellen einer im Wesentlichen vertikalen Bohrung im Boden, insbesondere zum Erstellen eines Schachts, mit einem Körper, der mit einem Rotationsantrieb einer Bohrvorrichtung verbindbar ist, mit an dem Körper angeordneten Bohrwerkzeugen zum Lösen des Bodens an einer Ortsbrust der Bohrung, mit einer Abfördervorrichtung zum Abtransport des gelösten Bodens an der Ortsbrust, die mit einer Ansaugeinheit zum Ansaugen eines Fördermediums über eine Förderleitung verbindbar ist, wobei die Abfördervorrichtung einen am Körper angeordneten Öffnungsbereich mit wenigstens einer Öffnung im Bereich der Bohrwerkzeuge an der Ortsbrust aufweist. The invention relates to a drilling head and a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil on a face the bore, with a conveying device for removing the loosened soil on the face, which can be connected to a suction unit for sucking in a conveying medium via a conveying line, the conveying device having an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face.
Ein solcher Bohrkopf ist beispielsweise aus US 4646853 A, EP 2597249 B1 , US 3384191 A, US 4195700 A und US 4200160 A bekannt. Such a drill head is known for example from US 4646853 A, EP 2597249 B1, US 3384191 A, US 4195700 A and US 4200160 A.
US 4646853 A offenbart eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Abteufen eines Schachts. Zum Lösen des Bodens ist ein um eine vertikale Achse rotierbares Schneidrad vorgesehen. Zum Abfördern des gelösten Bodens ist eine mechanische Förderung mit Kübeln vorgesehen. US 4646853 A discloses an apparatus and a method for sinking a shaft. A cutting wheel rotatable about a vertical axis is provided for loosening the bottom. Mechanical conveyance with buckets is provided for conveying away the loosened soil.
EP 2597249 B1 zeigt eine Bohrvorrichtung für das Niederbringen von vertikalen Bohrungen im Erdreich mit einem Bohrkopf, der auf einer Ortsbrust rotiert. Vorgesehen ist eine Absaugung die eine Öffnung aufweist, die an dem zur Ortsbrust weisenden Ende des Bohrkopfes außen angeordnet ist und mit dem Bohrkopf rotiert. Dabei wird gelöster Boden aus dem Bohrloch abtransportiert. US 3384191 A zeigt einen Bohrkopf mit Rollenmeißeln, der ebenfalls eine Absaugung zum Abtransport des gelösten Bodens aufweist. Hierfür ist ein Führungsblech vorgesehen, dass im Bereich der Öffnung der Ansaugung angeordnet ist und den gelösten Boden bei der Rotation des Bohrkopfes sammelt und der Öffnung zuführt. Hinter der Öffnung ist ein schräger Kanal angeordnet, der in eine mittig angeordnete Abförderleitung mündet. EP 2597249 B1 shows a drilling device for drilling vertical bores in the ground with a drill head that rotates on a face. A suction device is provided which has an opening which is arranged on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the face and rotates with the drill head. In the process, loosened soil is removed from the borehole. US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also has a suction system for removing the loosened soil. For this purpose, a guide plate is provided that is arranged in the area of the opening of the suction and collects the loosened soil when the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening. Behind the opening there is a sloping channel which opens into a centrally arranged discharge line.
US 4195700 A offenbart ebenfalls einen Bohrkopf mit Rollenmeißeln, der eine radiale Öffnung aufweist, an dessen inneren Ende eine Abförderleitung vorgesehen ist. Die Öffnung ist als Schlitz ausgeführt, hinter dem ein kegelförmig ausgeformtes Rohr vorgesehen ist, dass sich zur Abförderleitung hin verbreitert. US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided. The opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conically shaped tube is provided that widens towards the discharge line.
US 4200160 A offenbart einen Bohrkopf mit einer Absaugung zum Abtransport des gelösten Bodens. Die Absaugung sieht eine schlitzförmige radiale Öffnung vor, die in einen zylinderförmigen Raum mündet. Aus diesem geht ein Kanal hervor, der in die Abwasserleitung führt. US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction system for removing the loosened soil. The suction provides a slot-shaped radial opening which opens into a cylindrical space. A channel emerges from this, which leads into the sewer.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Absaugung bei den zuvor genannten Bohrköpfen zu vereinfachen und gleichzeitig in ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit zu verbessern. The object of the invention is to simplify the suction in the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe hinsichtlich des Bohrkopfes dadurch, dass die wenigstens eine Öffnung des Öffnungsbereichs mit einem Saugkasten als Bestandteil der Abfördervorrichtung verbunden ist, der an einem der Öffnung gegenüberliegenden Ende eine Anschlussöffnung für eine Verbindung mit der Förderleitung aufweist, dass wenigstens ein Element vorgesehen ist, das auf den gelösten Boden im Bereich Saugkastens eine Beschleunigung ausübt, durch die der von den Bohrwerkzeugen gelöste Boden in den Öffnungsbereich und/oder durch die Öffnung in den Saugkasten bewegbar ist, wobei der gelöste Boden im Öffnungsbereich, bevorzugt in der Öffnung und/oder im Saugkasten von dem Fördermedium erfasst und durch die Ansaugeinheit über die Förderleitung abförderbar ist. The object is achieved with regard to the drill head in that the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box as part of the discharge device, which has a connection opening for a connection to the conveying line at an end opposite the opening, that at least one element is provided, which exerts an acceleration on the loosened soil in the area of the suction box, through which the soil loosened by the drilling tools can be moved into the opening area and / or through the opening in the suction box, the loosened soil in the opening area, preferably in the opening and / or in the The suction box is captured by the conveying medium and can be conveyed away by the suction unit via the conveying line.
Hierdurch wird es auf überraschend einfache Weise möglich, den gelösten Boden insbesondere bei schwereren trägen Bestandteilen, die nicht ohne weiteres ansaugbar sind, abzufördern und gleichzeitig die Absaugleistung deutlich zu erhöhen. This makes it possible, in a surprisingly simple manner, to convey away the loosened soil, particularly in the case of heavier, inert components that cannot easily be sucked in, and at the same time to significantly increase the suction power.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, es sich bei dem wenigstens einen Element um wenigstens eine Düse handelt, die in den Öffnungsbereich gerichtet vorgesehen ist, die wenigstens einen Strahl eines Transportmediums zum Bewirken der Beschleunigung abgibt. Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass hinter der Öffnung wenigstens ein Umlenkbereich, bevorzugt vor dem Eintritt in den Saugkasten, vorgesehen ist, in dem die Strömungsrichtung des gelösten Bodens umlenkbar ist. Hierdurch lässt sich das abzufördernde Material besonders einfach der Abförderung zuführen und anschließend abfördern. Another teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one nozzle which is provided directed into the opening area and which emits at least one jet of a transport medium to effect the acceleration. Another teaching of the invention provides that behind the opening at least one deflection area is provided, preferably in front of the entry into the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected. In this way, the material to be conveyed away can be fed to the conveying system in a particularly simple manner and then conveyed away.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, im Öffnungsbereich wenigstens ein Werkzeug zum Lösen des Bodens, bevorzugt in Form einer Zahnleiste, und/oder zum Aufnehmen von gelöstem Boden vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch kann ein Lösen/Aufnehmen von Gestein/Boden an der Ortsbrust direkt im Öffnungsbereich vorgenommen werden. Das so gelöste/aufgenommene Material lässt sich besonders gut der Absaugung zuführen. Another teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the bottom, preferably in the form of a toothed strip, and / or for picking up loosened soil is provided in the opening area. This allows rock / soil to be loosened / picked up on the face directly in the opening area. The material dissolved / absorbed in this way can be particularly easily fed to the suction system.
Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, dass das wenigstens eine Werkzeug zur Veränderung des Abstands des Werkzeugs zur Ortsbrust bewegbar ist, bevorzugt über wenigstens einen Hydraulikzylinder, und/oder dass das wenigstens eine Werkzeug gegenüber dem Öffnungsbereich verschwenkbar ist, bevorzugt über wenigstens einen Hydraulikzylinder. It is also advantageous that the at least one tool can be moved to change the distance between the tool and the face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Abstand des Öffnungsbereichs zur Ortsbrust verstellbar ist. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, dass das Verstellen des Abstands über ein vertikales Bewegen des Saugkastens und/oder über ein Verschwenken des Saugkastens um einen Drehpunkt erfolgt, wobei für das Bewegen oder für das Verschwenken ein Antrieb, bevorzugt ein Hydraulikzylinder oder ein Federmechanismus, vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch wird direkt auf einfache Weise die Menge des abgesaugten Materials beeinflussbar. A further teaching of the invention provides that the distance between the opening area and the working face can be adjusted. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by moving the suction box vertically and / or by pivoting the suction box around a pivot point, a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or for the pivoting. In this way, the amount of extracted material can be influenced directly in a simple manner.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Öffnungsbereich ein Reinigungswerkzeug, bevorzugt wenigstens ein bewegbares Element und/oder wenigstens eine Düse zum Abgeben eines Mediums, beispielsweise ein Gas (Luft) oder eine Flüssigkeit (Wasser, Bentonitspülung), vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch können Verschlüsse im Öffnungsbereich entweder beseitigt oder verhindert werden. Another teaching of the invention provides that the opening area is provided with a cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a medium, for example a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite flushing). In this way, closures in the opening area can either be eliminated or prevented.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass wenigstens eine Spüldüse vorgesehen ist, mit der von wenigstens einem Bohrwerkzeug gelöster Boden in einen Bereich auf der Ortsbrust transportierbar ist, der von dem Saugkasten beim Bohren mit dem Bohrkopf überfahren wird. Hierdurch wird der Materialtransport zum Saugkasten hin auf einfache Weise verbessert. A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one flushing nozzle is provided with which soil loosened by at least one drilling tool can be transported into an area on the working face over which the suction box travels when drilling with the drilling head. This improves the transport of material to the suction box in a simple manner.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Saugkasten wechselbar im Bohrkopf vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch kann der Bohrkopf auf einfache Weise an unterschiedliche geologische Bedingungen angepasst werden. Weiterhin ist auch eine Umkehr der Drehrichtung möglich. Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass ein Klassierungselement im Öffnungsbereich vorgesehen ist. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Gitter, Trennbleche, die den Öffnungsbereich in mehrere Öffnungen aufteilen, oder auch mehrere Öffnungen handeln. Hierdurch wird es auf einfache Weise möglich eine Korngrößenbegrenzung des angesaugten Materials zu erreichen. Another teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is provided interchangeably in the drill head. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. A reversal of the direction of rotation is also possible. Another teaching of the invention provides that a classification element is provided in the opening area. This can be, for example, a grid, metal dividers which divide the opening area into several openings, or several openings. This makes it possible in a simple manner to limit the grain size of the sucked-in material.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Saugkasten im Wesentlichen horizontal angeordnet ist. Hierdurch werden der Materialtransport im Saugkasten und die Materialaufnahme positiv beeinflusst. Another teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally. This has a positive effect on the material transport in the suction box and the material pick-up.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass sich der Öffnungsbereich vom Mittelpunkt gesehen im Wesentlichen radial nach außen erstreckt. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, dass die Öffnung länglich bzw. schlitzartig ausgeführt ist. Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht dabei vor, dass sich der lichte Querschnitt der Öffnung entlang des Öffnungsbereichs radial nach außen gesehen verändert, bevorzugt vergrößert. Hierdurch lassen sich die Materialaufnahme, der Ort der Materialaufnahme sowie die Aufnahmemenge auf einfache Weise beeinflussen. Another teaching of the invention provides that the opening area extends essentially radially outward, as seen from the center point. It is advantageous that the opening is elongated or slit-like. A further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross-section of the opening along the opening area changes, preferably enlarged, when viewed radially outward. In this way, the material uptake, the location of the material uptake and the uptake quantity can be influenced in a simple manner.
Weiterhin ist dabei vorteilhaft, dass die Anschlussöffnung des Saugkastens in Bezug auf den Öffnungsbereich gegenüber einer Mittelsenkrechten des Öffnungsbereichs versetzt angeordnet ist, bevorzugt nach außen. Dadurch wird der Saugkasten asymmetrisch aufgebaut. Es lässt sich auf einfache Weise die Ansaugstärke bzw. das Strömungsprofil im Saugkasten oder im Öffnungsbereich beeinflussen, so dass die angesaugte Materialmenge beeinflussbar ist. So kann beispielsweise durch ein Verschieben nach Außen die Strömung im radial gesehen äußeren Bereich des Saugkastens erhöht werden, um die dort anfallende größere Materialmenge besser absaugen zu können. It is furthermore advantageous that the connection opening of the suction box is arranged offset with respect to the opening area with respect to a perpendicular perpendicular to the opening area, preferably outwards. As a result, the suction box is constructed asymmetrically. The suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be influenced in a simple manner, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by moving it outwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suck off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Anschlussöffnung des Saugkastens in Bezug auf den Öffnungsbereich gegenüber einer Mittelsenkrechten des Öffnungsbereichs verschwenkt angeordnet ist. Es lässt sich auf einfache Weise die Ansaugstärke bzw. das Strömungsprofil im Saugkasten oder im Öffnungsbereich beeinflussen, so dass die angesaugte Materialmenge beeinflussbar ist. So kann beispielsweise durch ein Verkippen der Anschlussöffnung nach Innen die Strömung im radial gesehen äußeren Bereich des Saugkastens erhöht werden, um die dort anfallende größere Materialmenge besser absaugen zu können. Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Saugkasten im Innenraum wenigstens eine Düse aufweist. Hierdurch kann auf einfache Weise die Bewegung des gelösten Bodens/Gesteins zum Erfassen durch das Fördermedium auf einfache Weise verbessert werden. Another teaching of the invention provides that the connection opening of the suction box is arranged pivoted with respect to the opening area relative to a perpendicular perpendicular to the opening area. The suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be influenced in a simple manner, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by tilting the connection opening inwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suck off the larger amount of material that occurs there. Another teaching of the invention provides that the suction box has at least one nozzle in the interior. In this way, the movement of the loosened soil / rock for gripping by the conveying medium can be improved in a simple manner.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass es sich bei dem Fördermedium und/oder bei dem Transportmedium um ein flüssiges oder gasförmiges Medium handelt, bevorzugt Wasser, eine Bentonitsuspension oder Luft. Dabei ist eine besonders bevorzugte Kombination, dass es sich bei dem Fördermedium um Luft und bei dem Transportmedium um Luft oder eine Flüssigkeit, bevorzugt Wasser, handelt. Diese findet Anwendung, wenn der Bohrkopf nicht geflutet ist/sein soll/kann und damit eine flüssigkeitsbasierte Förderung ausscheidet. Es hat sich überraschend gezeigt, dass sich der gelöste Boden/das gelöste Gestein gut durch den abgegebenen Strahl transportierbar/aktivierbar ist und auf vorteilhafte Weise dem Förderstrom aus Luft zuführbar und abförderbar ist. A further teaching of the invention provides that the delivery medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air. A particularly preferred combination here is that the conveying medium is air and the transport medium is air or a liquid, preferably water. This is used when the drill head is / should not / cannot be flooded and therefore liquid-based production is ruled out. It has been shown, surprisingly, that the loosened soil / rock can be easily transported / activated by the emitted jet and can advantageously be fed into and removed from the conveying flow of air.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass es sich bei dem wenigstens einen Element um wenigstens ein angetriebenes Rotationselement mit wenigstens einem daran angeordneten Schlagelement handelt, wobei das wenigstens eine Schlagelement durch eine Rotationsbewegung die Beschleunigung des gelösten Bodens über einen Kontakt bewirkt. A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one driven rotary element with at least one striking element arranged thereon, the at least one striking element causing the loosened soil to accelerate via a contact through a rotational movement.
Vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass das Schlagelement auf einem Schlagkreis, der konzentrisch um das Rotationselement vorgesehen ist, bewegbar ist. It is advantageous here that the striking element can be moved on a striking circle which is provided concentrically around the rotating element.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das wenigstens eine Schlagelement beweglich an dem wenigstens einen Rotationselement, bevorzugt über ein Gelenk, angeordnet ist. Another teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element is movably arranged on the at least one rotation element, preferably via a joint.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass es sich bei dem wenigstens einen Schlagelement um einen Hammer, ein Schwert, ein Seil, eine Kette ein Bürstenelement, oder ein Meißel handelt. Another teaching of the invention provides that the at least one striking element is a hammer, a sword, a rope, a chain, a brush element, or a chisel.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Rotation des wenigstens eine Rotationselements drehzahlregelbar ist. A further teaching of the invention provides that the rotation of the at least one rotation element can be speed-regulated.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das wenigstens eine Schlagelement eine Zerkleinerung des gelösten Bodens bewirkt. Another teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element causes the loosened soil to be comminuted.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Saugkasten horizontal, geneigt und/oder vertikal vorgesehen ist. Weiterhin gelöst wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zum Erstellen einer im Wesentlichen vertikalen Bohrung im Boden, insbesondere zum Erstellen eines Schachts, mit einem Bohrkopf, insbesondere mit einem zuvor beschriebenen Bohrkopf, wobei der Bohrkopf mit einem Rotationsantrieb einer Bohrvorrichtung verbunden wird, wobei der Bohrkopf einen Körper aufweist, an dem Bohrwerkzeuge angeordnet sind, mit denen beim Bohren der Boden an einer Ortsbrust der Bohrung gelöst und auf eine abförderbare Größe zerkleinert wird, wobei der gelöste und zerkleinerte Boden mit einer Abfördervorrichtung von der Ortsbrust abtransportiert wird, die mit einer Ansaugeinheit zum Ansaugen eines Fördermediums über eine Förderleitung verbunden wird, wobei die Abfördervorrichtung einen Saugkasten mit einem Öffnungsbereich mit wenigstens einer Öffnung im Bereich der Bohrwerkzeuge an der Ortsbrust aufweist, mit den Schritten: Another teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is provided horizontally, inclined and / or vertically. The object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a drill head, in particular with a drill head described above, the drill head being connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, the drill head has a body on which drilling tools are arranged, with which the soil on a face of the borehole is loosened during drilling and comminuted to a size that can be conveyed away, the loosened and comminuted soil being transported away from the face with a conveying device which is connected to a suction unit for Suction of a conveying medium is connected via a conveying line, the discharge device having a suction box with an opening area with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face, with the steps:
• Einbringen einer Beschleunigung in im Bereich des Öffnungsbereichs befindlichen gelösten Boden, und • Introducing an acceleration into the loosened soil in the area of the opening area, and
• Erfassen des gelösten Bodens von einem Fördermedium und Abfördern durch die Ansaugeinheit über die Förderleitung. • Detection of the loosened soil by a conveying medium and conveying away by the suction unit via the conveying line.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der gelöste Boden durch die Öffnung in den Saugkasten durch die eingebrachte Beschleunigung bewegt wird. Another teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the opening in the suction box by the acceleration introduced.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Erfassen im Saugkasten und/oder im Öffnungsbereich, bevorzugt vor der Öffnung, erfolgt. Another teaching of the invention provides that the detection takes place in the suction box and / or in the opening area, preferably in front of the opening.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Beschleunigung durch Abgabe eines Strahls eines Transportmediums aus einer Düse, die in den Öffnungsbereich des Saugkastens als Bestandteil der Abfördervorrichtung gerichtet ist, erfolgt. Another teaching of the invention provides that the acceleration takes place by emitting a jet of a transport medium from a nozzle which is directed into the opening area of the suction box as part of the conveying device.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Bewegen des gelösten Bodens durch das Transportmedium erfolgt. Another teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by the transport medium.
Alternativ oder ergänzend ist weiterhin vorgesehen, dass die Beschleunigung durch wenigstens ein angetriebenes Rotationselement mit wenigstens einem daran angeordneten Schlagelement erfolgt, wobei das wenigstens eine Schlagelement durch eine Rotationsbewegung die Beschleunigung des gelösten Bodens über einen Kontakt bewirkt. As an alternative or in addition, it is further provided that the acceleration takes place by at least one driven rotary element with at least one striking element arranged thereon, the at least one striking element causing the loosened soil to accelerate via a contact through a rotational movement.
Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Bewegen des gelösten Bodens durch das Schlagelement erfolgt. Vorteilhaft dabei ist, wie zuvor beschrieben, dass es sich bei dem Fördermedium und/oder bei dem Transportmedium um ein flüssiges oder gasförmiges Medium handelt, bevorzugt Wasser, eine Bentonitsuspension oder Luft Another teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by the striking element. It is advantageous here, as described above, that the conveying medium and / or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air
Die Begriffe Boden und Gestein werden in dieser Anmeldung synonym verwendet. Gleiches gilt für gelöster Boden und Bohrklein. The terms soil and rock are used synonymously in this application. The same applies to loosened soil and cuttings.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen: The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with a drawing. Show:
Dabei zeigen: Show:
Figur 1 eine räumliche Ansicht der Unterseite des erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopfs der ersten Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the first
Ausführungsform, Embodiment,
Figur 2 eine schematische Ausschnittsskizze zu Figur 1 einer ersten Ausführungsform der FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail sketch of FIG. 1 of a first embodiment of FIG
Erfindung, Invention,
Figur 3 eine schematische Teilschnittansicht in Draufsicht zu Figur 2, Figure 3 is a schematic partial sectional view in plan view of Figure 2,
Figur 4 eine schematische Darstellung alternativer erfindungsgemäßer Bohrkopfformen, Figur 5 eine schematische räumliche Teilansicht zu Figur 1 , FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of alternative drill head shapes according to the invention, FIG. 5 shows a schematic spatial partial view of FIG. 1,
Figur 6 eine weitere schematische räumliche teilweise geschnittene Teilansicht zu Figur 1 , FIG. 6 shows a further schematic spatial partially sectioned partial view of FIG. 1,
Figur 7 eine weitere schematische räumliche teilweise geschnittene Teilansicht zu Figur 1 ,FIG. 7 shows a further schematic spatial partially sectioned partial view of FIG. 1,
Figur 8 eine erste Prinzipskizze hinsichtlich der erfindungsgemäßen Abförderung in FIG. 8 shows a first schematic diagram with regard to the removal according to the invention in
Verbindung mit einem Bohrkopf nach Figur 1 , Connection with a drill head according to Figure 1,
Figur 9 eine zweite Prinzipskizze hinsichtlich der erfindungsgemäßen Abförderung in FIG. 9 shows a second schematic diagram with regard to the conveyance according to the invention in
Verbindung mit einem Bohrkopf nach Figur 1 , Connection with a drill head according to Figure 1,
Figur 10 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer ersten Anordnung einer Saugkasten in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf, Figure 10 is a schematic side view of a first arrangement of a suction box in a drill head according to the invention,
Figur 11 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer zweiten Anordnung einer Saugkasten in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf, Figure 11 is a schematic side view of a second arrangement of a suction box in a drill head according to the invention,
Figur 12 eine Teilschnittansicht zu Figur 11 , FIG. 12 a partial sectional view of FIG. 11,
Figur 13 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Aufbereitung in einer Bohrvorrichtung mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf, FIG. 13 shows a schematic side view of a preparation in a drilling device with a drilling head according to the invention,
Figur 14 eine Schnittansicht zu einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention,
Figur 15 eine um 90° gedrehte Schnittansicht zu Figur 14, und FIG. 15 shows a sectional view of FIG. 14 rotated by 90 °, and FIG
Figur 16 alternative Bohrkopfprofile zu Figur 14. FIG. 16 alternative drill head profiles to FIG. 14.
Figur 1 zeigt in räumlicher Darstellung einen erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf 10 in erster Ausführung. Der Bohrkopf 10 weist einen Körper 11 auf, an dem an seiner Unterseite 13 Bohrwerkzeuge 12 angeordnet sind. An seiner Oberseite 14 weist der Bohrkopf 10 einen Anschluss (nicht dargestellt) für einen Antrieb (nicht dargestellt) einer Bohrvorrichtung (nicht dargestellt) auf. Der nicht dargestellte Antrieb ist dabei beispielsweise direkt in der Bohrvorrichtung, beispielsweise eine Schachtbohrmaschine, vorgesehen. Weitere Varianten von Antrieben, Bohrvorrichtungen und Anordnungen beispielsweise in einem Bohrloch/Pfahl/Casing sind ebenfalls möglich. Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a first embodiment. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which on its underside 13 Drilling tools 12 are arranged. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection (not shown) for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive, not shown, is for example provided directly in the drilling device, for example a shaft drilling machine. Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements, for example in a borehole / pile / casing, are also possible.
Die Unterseite 13 weist einen hier beispielsweise planen (andere Formen sind möglich) Ringabschnitt 15 auf, an den dessen Unterseite 16 Bohrwerkzeuge 12 vorgesehen sind. The underside 13 has a, for example, planar (other shapes are possible) ring section 15, on which the underside 16 of which drilling tools 12 are provided.
Ausgehend von dem Ringabschnitt erstrecken sich nach außen Arme, hier beispielsweise 8 Arme, 17, die jeweils eine hier beispielsweise plane Flanke 18 aufweisen. An den Flanken können Räumwerkzeuge 19 und Verschleißelemente 40 vorgesehen sein. Alternativ können die Flanken 18 auch vollflächig umlaufend ausgeführt sein. Starting from the ring section, arms, here for example 8 arms 17, extend outward, each of which has a here, for example, planar flank 18. Broaching tools 19 and wear elements 40 can be provided on the flanks. Alternatively, the flanks 18 can also be designed around the entire surface.
Im Zentrum der Unterseite 13 ist hier beispielsweise eine Vertiefung 41 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise eine plane Fläche 42 und Flanken 43 aufweist, an denen ebenfalls Bohrwerkzeuge 12 vorgesehen sind. In the center of the underside 13, a recess 41 is provided here, for example, which has, for example, a flat surface 42 and flanks 43, on which drilling tools 12 are also provided.
Die hier beschriebene Bohrkopfform wird auch als W-Bohrkopf bezeichnet. Das Bohrprofil dazu ist in den Figuren 8 und 9 dargestellt. Die Breite des planen Ringabschnitts 15 sowie die Winkel der inneren und äußeren Flanken 43, 18 sowie die Größe der inneren Fläche 42 sind dabei variabel und von den Abbaubedingungen abhängig, wie auch in Figur 16 dargestellt ist. The shape of the drill head described here is also referred to as a W drill head. The drilling profile for this is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. The width of the planar ring section 15 and the angles of the inner and outer flanks 43, 18 and the size of the inner surface 42 are variable and depend on the degradation conditions, as is also shown in FIG.
Bei den Bohrwerkzeugen 12 kann es sich beispielsweise um Diskenmeißel 12a, Schälmeißel bzw. Schälmesser 12b oder Rollenmeißel 12c oder andere Alternativen handeln. Die Auswahl der Bohrwerkzeuge 12 erfolgt in Abhängigkeit des zu lösenden Bodens/Gesteins zum Erstellen der Bohrung. The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, paring chisels or paring knives 12b or roller chisels 12c or other alternatives. The selection of the drilling tools 12 takes place depending on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the bore.
An seiner Oberseite 14 ist in Figur 1 der Anschluss 45 der Förderleitung 31 dargestellt. On its upper side 14, the connection 45 of the delivery line 31 is shown in FIG.
Weiterhin weist der Körper 1 1 an seiner Unterseite 13 des W-Bohrkopfes 10 am Ringabschnitt 15 einen Saugkasten 20 auf. Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13 of the W drill head 10 on the ring section 15.
Alternative Anordnungen des Saugkastens 20 sind in Figur 4 gezeigt. Der Saugkasten 20 sitzt beispielsweise erfindungsgemäß bei einem konischen bzw. V-förmigen Bohrkopf im Bohrlochtiefsten (links in Figur 4) oder erstreckt sich und ist radial vorgesehen in einem flach ausgeführten Bohrkopf (rechts in Figur 4). In der Mitte von Figur 4 ist ein W-Bohrkopf dargestellt. Neben horizontalen Saugkästen, wie beispielsweise in Fig. 4 gezeigt sind auch Ausführungen möglich, bei denen der Saugkasten 20 geneigt oder vertikal steht und dabei beispielsweise seine Öffnung 23 nach unten zur Ortsbrust 100 gerichtet ist. Alternative arrangements of the suction box 20 are shown in FIG. In the case of a conical or V-shaped drill head, for example, the suction box 20 sits in the deepest part of the borehole (left in FIG. 4) or extends and is provided radially in a flat manner executed drill head (right in Figure 4). In the middle of FIG. 4, a W drill head is shown. In addition to horizontal suction boxes, as shown for example in FIG. 4, designs are also possible in which the suction box 20 is inclined or vertical and, for example, its opening 23 is directed downwards towards the face 100.
Der Saugkasten 20 in einer ersten Ausführungsform, wie er beispielsweise in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist, weist an seiner Vorderseite 21 einen Öffnungsbereich 22 auf, der wenigstens eine Öffnung 23 aufweist. Die Öffnung 23 der ersten Ausführungsform des Saugkastens 20 weist ein Klassierungselement 24 auf, das die Öffnung 23 in Öffnungsabschnitte 23a unterteilt. Durch das Klassierungselement 24 wird die Korngröße des gelösten Bodens/Gesteins bestimmt, die in den Innenraum 25 des Saugkastens 20 eintreten kann. The suction box 20 in a first embodiment, as shown for example in FIG. 2, has an opening area 22 on its front side 21, which has at least one opening 23. The opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 which divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a. The classifying element 24 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.
Der Innenraum 25 wird gebildet durch einen Deckel 26 als Oberseite und einen Boden 27 als Unterseite, die hier als eine Ausführungsform plan ausgeführt sind. Andere Formen von Deckel und Boden sind ebenfalls möglich. Weiterhin weist der Saugkasten 20 Seitenwände 28 auf, die sich hier von der Vorderseite 21 aus entlang der Form des Deckels und des Bodens erstrecken. The interior 25 is formed by a cover 26 as the top and a bottom 27 as the bottom, which are designed here as an embodiment plan. Other forms of lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28 which here extend from the front 21 along the shape of the cover and the base.
Bedingt durch die Form des Deckels 26, des Bodens 27 und den Seitenwände 28 bildet sich die Form des Innenraums 25 des Saugkastens 20. Hierbei kann ein boxartiger Aufbau vorliegen. Alternativ kann ein Trichter vorliegen, wenn sich die Breite des Innenraums 25 beispielsweise durch eine geschwungene Form der Seitenwände 28 verkleinert, wodurch sich die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des angesagten Gemisches aus gelöstem Boden/Gestein und Trägermedium mit abnehmender Breite erhöht. Due to the shape of the cover 26, the bottom 27 and the side walls 28, the shape of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 is formed. A box-like structure can be present here. Alternatively, a funnel can be present if the width of the interior space 25 is reduced, for example by a curved shape of the side walls 28, as a result of which the flow velocity of the announced mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width.
An der Rückseite des Innenraums 25 ist eine Öffnung 29 vorgesehen, an der ein Anschluss 30 für eine Förderleistung 31 vorgesehen ist, die mit einer Absaugeinheit/Pumpe (nicht dargestellt) im Bohrbetrieb verbunden wird, um die Abförderung des gelösten Bodens/Gesteins bzw. des Gemisches aus Fördermedium und gelösten Boden/Gestein vorzunehmen. At the rear of the interior space 25 an opening 29 is provided, at which a connection 30 is provided for a conveying capacity 31, which is connected to a suction unit / pump (not shown) in the drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil / rock or the Carry out a mixture of the conveying medium and dissolved soil / rock.
Zusätzlich und hier nicht dargestellt kann auch die Höhe des Innenraums 25 des Saugkasten 20 ausgehend von der Vorderseite 21 hin zur Öffnung 29 an der Rückseite des Saukastens 20 variiert, insbesondere vergrößert, werden, um Verstopfungen des Innenraums 25 durch gelösten Boden/Gestein entgegenzuwirken. In addition, and not shown here, the height of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, starting from the front 21 towards the opening 29 on the rear of the suction box 20 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil / rock.
Weiterhin ist es ebenfalls möglich, den hier symmetrisch dargestellten Saugkasten 20 asymmetrisch auszuführen, indem beispielsweise die Öffnung 29 seitlich versetzt angeordnet wird (nicht dargestellt). Hierbei kann es insbesondere sinnvoll sein, beispielsweise bei einem flach ausgeführten Bohrkopf, wenn die Erstreckung des Öffnungsbereichs 22 länger ausgeführt ist, die Öffnung 29 hin zum äußeren Umfang des Körpers 11 versetzt anzuordnen, um in den Bereichen, in denen bei der Rotation des Bohrkopfes mehr Boden/Gestein gelöst wird und durch die Öffnung 23 in den Innenraum 25 des Saugkastens 20 eintritt, die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit gezielt zu erhöhen. Furthermore, it is also possible to make the suction box 20, shown here symmetrically, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown). It can be particularly useful here, for example in the case of a flat executed drill head, if the extension of the opening area 22 is made longer, the opening 29 to be offset towards the outer circumference of the body 11 in order in the areas in which more soil / rock is loosened during the rotation of the drill head and through the opening 23 in the interior 25 of the suction box 20 enters to increase the flow rate in a targeted manner.
Gleiches ist auch möglich, in dem der Anschluss 30 der Förderleistung 31 (nicht dargestellt) unter einem Einfallen in den Innenraum 25 geneigt mündet. The same is also possible in that the connection 30 of the conveying capacity 31 (not shown) opens in an inclined manner while collapsing into the interior space 25.
Der Öffnungsbereich 22 kann im Bereich der Öffnung 23, die sich entlang der Vorderseite 21 erstreckt, Bodenlösewerkzeuge und/oder Bodenaufnahmewerkzeuge 33, beispielsweise Schälmesser oder Räumer, aufweisen. Durch das Vorsehen solcher Werkzeuge ist es möglich, gezielt Boden/Gestein im Bereich der Vorderseite 21 des Saugkastens 20 zu lösen und/oder aufzunehmen und der Öffnung 23 des Saugkastens 20 zuzuführen. The opening area 22 can have soil loosening tools and / or soil receiving tools 33, for example paring knives or scrapers, in the area of the opening 23 which extends along the front side 21. By providing such tools, it is possible to specifically loosen and / or pick up soil / rock in the area of the front 21 of the suction box 20 and to feed it to the opening 23 of the suction box 20.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ können auch Leitbleche an der Unterseite 13 des Bohrkopfes 10 vorgesehen sein (nicht dargestellt), die gelöstes Material dem Öffnungsbereich 22 zuführen. Das Zuführen kann durch Düsen wie beispielsweise Spüldüsen 32 unterstützt werden. In addition or as an alternative, guide plates can also be provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 (not shown), which guide the released material to the opening area 22. The feeding can be supported by nozzles such as, for example, flushing nozzles 32.
Fig. 2 und Figur 3 zeigen einen Ausschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopfs 10 mit einem Saugkasten 20 mit einer Öffnung 23 und darauf gerichtete Düsen 34 zur Abgabe eines Transportmediums 80, bevorzugt Luft oder eine Flüssigkeit wie beispielsweise Wasser oder Bentonitspülung. Durch die Förderleitung 31 , die an den Saugkasten 20 über die Öffnung 29 und den Anschluss 30 angeschlossen ist, wird das Fördermedium 90 angesaugt. Gelöster Boden 1 10 wird von dem Transportmediumstrahl 81 beschleunigt und durch die Öffnung 23 transportiert. Dort wird der gelöste Boden 1 10 von dem Fördermedium 90 erfasst. Gelöster Boden 1 10, Fördermedium 90 und Transportmedium 80 mischen sich dabei zu einem Förderstrom 120, der dann über die Förderleitung abgefördert wird. Zusätzlich oder alternativ bewirkt der Transportmediumstrahl 81 durch den Beschleunigungseintrag eine Aufwirbelung bzw. ein Lösen des gelösten Bodens 1 10 von der Ortsbrust 100 im Öffnungsbereich 22, so dass der aufgewirbelte gelöste Boden bereits dort von dem Fördermedium 90 erfasst und mit dem Fördermedium als Förderstrom 120 abgefördert wird. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a section of the drill head 10 according to the invention with a suction box 20 with an opening 23 and nozzles 34 directed thereon for dispensing a transport medium 80, preferably air or a liquid such as water or bentonite mud. The conveying medium 90 is sucked in through the conveying line 31, which is connected to the suction box 20 via the opening 29 and the connection 30. Loosened soil 110 is accelerated by the transport medium jet 81 and transported through the opening 23. There, the loosened soil 110 is captured by the conveying medium 90. Loosened soil 110, conveying medium 90 and transport medium 80 mix to form a conveying flow 120, which is then conveyed away via the conveying line. In addition or as an alternative, the transport medium jet 81 causes a turbulence or detachment of the loosened soil 110 from the face 100 in the opening area 22 through the acceleration input, so that the loosened soil is already captured there by the conveying medium 90 and transported away with the conveying medium as a conveying flow 120 becomes.
Figur 5 zeigt einen Arm 17 des Bohrkopfes 10 in W-Form gemäß Figur 1 mit daran angeordneten Bohrwerkzeugen 12 als Disken 12a und mit Meißeln an den seitlichen Flanken 18 und an den Flanken 43 an der Unterseite 13. Die an den Armen 17 angeordneten Bohrwerkzeuge 12 sind vom Innenraum der Arm 17 wechselbar. FIG. 5 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in W-shape according to FIG. 1 with drilling tools 12 arranged thereon as disks 12a and with chisels on the lateral flanks 18 and on the flanks 43 on the underside 13. The drilling tools 12 arranged on the arms 17 can be exchanged from the interior of the arm 17.
Figur 6 zeigt einen Arm 17 des Bohrkopfes 10 in W-Form gemäß Figur 1 mit Saugkasten 20 und daran angeschlossener Förderleitung 31 , die innerhalb des Arms 17 vorgesehen sind. Der Einfachheit halber sind in Figur 6 keine Bohrwerkzeuge 12, 12a dargestellt. Vorgesehen sind im Bereich des Räumwerkzeugs 19 Spüldüsen 32 die in Richtung der Öffnung 23 des Saugkastens 20 ausgerichtet sind. Diese geben einen Spülungsstrahl 130 ab. Als Spülungsmedium kann dabei bevorzugt das gleiche Medium wie das Transportmedium verwendet werden. Mit dem Spülungsstrahl 130 wird das gelöste Bohrklein 1 1 in den Öffnungsbereich 22 bzw. hin zum Bohrlochtiefsten 140 transportiert. In diesem Bereich wird dann der gelöste Boden 1 10 von den Düsen 34 der Öffnung 23 des Spülkastens 20 zugeführt, wie dieses in Fig. 7 gezeigt ist. FIG. 6 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in W-shape according to FIG. 1 with a suction box 20 and a delivery line 31 connected to it, which are provided within the arm 17. For the sake of simplicity, no drilling tools 12, 12a are shown in FIG. In the area of the broaching tool 19, flushing nozzles 32 are provided, which are aligned in the direction of the opening 23 of the suction box 20. These emit a jet of mud 130. The same medium as the transport medium can preferably be used as the rinsing medium. With the mud jet 130, the loosened cuttings 1 1 is transported into the opening area 22 or towards the deepest point 140 of the borehole. In this area, the loosened soil 110 is then fed from the nozzles 34 to the opening 23 of the cistern 20, as shown in FIG. 7.
Der Ablauf des Bodenlösens und Abtransport des gelösten Bodens ist in Figur 8 und 9 beispielsweise in Verbindung mit einem Bohrkopf 10 nach Figur 1 gezeigt. Der Boden wird dabei mit Bohrwerkzeugen 12 gelöst und befindet sind im Bereich der jeweiligen Bohrwerkzeuge. Vorzugsweise sind im Bereich der jeweiligen Bohrwerkzeuge 12 Spüldüsen 32 vorgesehen. Diese geben eine Spülungsstrahl 130 ab, der den gelösten Boden 1 10 in den Bereich des Bohrlochtiefsten 140 spült. In diesem Bereich wird der Saugkasten 20 mit seiner Öffnung 23 bewegt. Über die Düsen 34 zur Abgabe des Transportmediumsstrahls 81 wird dann im Öffnungsbereich 23 der Transportmediumstrahl 81 abgegeben, mit dem der gelöste Boden in die Öffnung 22 beschleunigt und damit zum Abtransport in den Spülkasten 20 bewegt wird, undVoder im Öffnungsbereich 22 direkt durch den Saugkasten 20 abgesaugt wird. The sequence of soil loosening and removal of the loosened soil is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example in connection with a drill head 10 according to FIG. The soil is loosened with drilling tools 12 and is located in the area of the respective drilling tools. Preferably, flushing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of the respective drilling tools 12. These emit a mud jet 130 which washes the loosened soil 110 into the area of the deepest part of the borehole 140. In this area the suction box 20 is moved with its opening 23. Via the nozzles 34 for emitting the transport medium jet 81, the transport medium jet 81 is then emitted in the opening area 23, with which the loosened soil is accelerated into the opening 22 and thus moved to the cistern 20 for removal, and V or in the opening area 22 is sucked directly through the suction box 20 becomes.
Die Bewegung/Beschleunigung des Bohrkleins in den Saugkasten 20 hinein kann zusätzlich durch mechanische Werkzeuge unterstützt werden. The movement / acceleration of the cuttings into the suction box 20 can additionally be supported by mechanical tools.
Figur 10 zeigt das Einbringen von gelöstem Boden in den Saugkasten, dessen Öffnung 29 bzw. Anschluss 30 zur Förderleitung 31 hinter dem Öffnungsbereich 22 vorgesehen ist. Gezeigt ist eine mechanische Unterstützung bei der Aufnahme mittels eine Aufnahmewerkzeug 33. Über einen Zylinder 35 kann der Saugkasten 20 um eine Schwenkpunkt 36 verschwenkt werden. Die Düsen 34 sind hier nicht dargestellt. FIG. 10 shows the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box, the opening 29 or connection 30 of which to the conveying line 31 is provided behind the opening area 22. Shown is mechanical support during the pick-up by means of a pick-up tool 33. The suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35. The nozzles 34 are not shown here.
In Figur 11 und 12 ist das Einbringen von gelöstem Boden in den Saugkasten 20 gezeigt, dessen Öffnung 29 bzw. Anschluss 30 zur Förderleitung 31 vor dem Öffnungsbereich 22 vorgesehen ist. Gezeigt ist eine mechanische Unterstützung bei der Aufnahme mittels eine Aufnahmewerkzeug 33. Über einen Zylinder 35 kann der Saugkasten 20 um eine Schwenkpunkt 36 verschwenkt werden. Damit lässt sich der Saugkasten in Pfeilrichtung A verschenken, so dass sich der Abstand 36 zur Ortsbrust 100 ändert. In Figur 12 ist die Anordnung der Düsen 34 gezeigt. Hier ist eine erste Düse 34 vorgesehen, die in Richtung des Umlenk- bzw. Aufnahmewerkzeug 33 gerichtet ist. Weiterhin ist eine zweite Düse 34‘ vorgesehen, die in Richtung der Öffnung 29 und des Anschlusses 30 gerichtet ist. Durch die beiden Düsen 34, 34‘ wird der gelöste Boden 110 dem Fördermedium 120 zugeführt und zusammen mit diesem abgefördert. In FIGS. 11 and 12, the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box 20 is shown, the opening 29 or connection 30 of which to the conveying line 31 is provided in front of the opening area 22. What is shown is mechanical support during the pick-up by means of a pick-up tool 33. The suction box 20 can pivot about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35 will. The suction box can thus be given away in the direction of arrow A, so that the distance 36 from the face 100 changes. The arrangement of the nozzles 34 is shown in FIG. A first nozzle 34 is provided here, which is directed in the direction of the deflecting or receiving tool 33. Furthermore, a second nozzle 34 ′ is provided, which is directed in the direction of the opening 29 and the connection 30. The loosened soil 110 is fed to the conveying medium 120 through the two nozzles 34, 34 'and conveyed away together with it.
Der über die Förderleitung 31 abgeförderte Förderstrom setzt sich zusammen aus einer Kombination von festen Bestandteilen (gelöster Boden 1 10) sowie flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Bestandteilen. Diese werden über die Förderleitung 31 einer Aufbereitung 200 zugeführt (siehe Figur 13). Hier werden die Bestandteile voneinander getrennt, beispielsweise mittels wenigstens einem Zyklon, Flüssigkeits- und/oder Staubabscheidern. Die gasförmigen Bestandteile (Luft) wird dem Bohrbereich (beispielsweise dem bereits gebohrten Schacht) wieder zugeführt. Die flüssigen Bestandteile werden ggf. wieder den Düsen 32, 34 34‘ zugeführt oder aus dem Bohrbereich nach über Tage abgefördert. Die festen Bestandteile werden ebenfalls aus dem Bohrbereich nach über Tage mit geeigneten Mitteln abgeführt. The conveyed flow conveyed away via the conveying line 31 is composed of a combination of solid components (dissolved soil 110) and liquid and / or gaseous components. These are fed to a preparation 200 via the delivery line 31 (see FIG. 13). Here the components are separated from one another, for example by means of at least one cyclone, liquid and / or dust separator. The gaseous components (air) are fed back into the drilling area (for example the shaft that has already been drilled). If necessary, the liquid constituents are fed back to the nozzles 32, 34, 34 'or conveyed away from the drilling area to the surface. The solid components are also removed from the drilling area above ground using suitable means.
Alternativ oder ergänzend zum Eintrag der Beschleunigung in den gelösten Boden mittels Düsen und einem Transportmedium zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß den Figuren 14-16 einen mechanischen Beschleunigungseintrag. Hierfür ist eine Schlageinrichtung 50 vorgesehen, die im Bereich des Saugkastens 20 nach innen im Bohrkopf 10 vorgesehen ist aber eine Beschleunigung des gelösten Bodens 1 10 im Bereich der Ortsbrust 100 vornehmen kann. As an alternative or in addition to the entry of the acceleration into the loosened soil by means of nozzles and a transport medium, a second embodiment of the invention according to FIGS. 14-16 shows a mechanical acceleration entry. For this purpose, a striking device 50 is provided, which is provided in the area of the suction box 20 towards the inside in the drill head 10 but can accelerate the loosened soil 110 in the area of the face 100.
In einem Gehäuse 57 ist ein Rotationselement 51 vorgesehen, an dem umlaufend mehrere Schlagelemente 52, hier bevorzugt beweglich über ein Gelenk 53 vorgesehen, angeordnet sind. Die Schlagelemente 52 bewegen sich auf einem konzentrisch um das Rotationselement 51 vorgesehenen Schlagkreis 54. Das Rotationselement 51 wird über einen Antrieb (nicht dargestellt) angetrieben. Schlagelemente 52 treffen in einem Schlagbereich 55 auf gelösten Boden, der dann in Schlagrichtung 56 in den Saugkasten 20 bzw. in dessen Öffnung 23 eingebracht wird. Im dortigen Innenraum 25 und/oder im Öffnungsbereich 22 wird der beschleunigte gelöste Boden dann vom Fördermedium 90 erfasst und durch die Förderleitung 31 mit dem Förderstrom 120 abgefördert. A rotation element 51 is provided in a housing 57, on which a plurality of striking elements 52 are arranged around the circumference, here preferably provided movably via a joint 53. The striking elements 52 move on a striking circle 54 provided concentrically around the rotating element 51. The rotating element 51 is driven via a drive (not shown). Striking elements 52 hit loosened soil in a striking area 55, which is then introduced in the striking direction 56 into the suction box 20 or into its opening 23. In the interior space 25 there and / or in the opening area 22, the accelerated, loosened soil is then captured by the conveying medium 90 and conveyed away through the conveying line 31 with the conveying flow 120.
Figur 15 und Figur 16 zeigen unterschiedliche Anordnungsbreiten der Schlageinrichtung 50 im Zusammenhang mit den Flanken 18,43 des Bohrkopfes 10. Vorteilhaft ist hier, die Schlageinrichtung 50 möglichst breit (Figur 16 unten) auszuführen, um eine bessere Abförderleistung zu erreichen. FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show different arrangement widths of the striking device 50 in connection with the flanks 18, 43 of the drill head 10. It is advantageous here to make the striking device 50 as wide as possible (FIG. 16, bottom) in order to achieve a better conveying performance.
Vorteilhaft ist hierbei weiterhin, dass die Flanken 18, 43, wie in Figur 16 oben gezeigt, im Vergleich zu den Darstellungen in Figur 15 und Figur 16 unten relativ steil und kurz ausgeführt werden können, sodass unter Umständen sogar eine Flankenspülung, hier in Form eines Luftstroms oder in Form von Räumelementen (nicht dargestellt), entfallen kann. It is also advantageous here that the flanks 18, 43, as shown in FIG. 16 at the top, can be made relatively steep and short compared to the representations in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 below, so that under certain circumstances even flank flushing, here in the form of a Air flow or in the form of clearing elements (not shown) can be omitted.
Bezugszeichenliste: List of reference symbols:
10 Bohrkopf 35 Zylinder 10 drill head 35 cylinders
11 Körper 36 Schwenkpunkt 11 body 36 pivot point
12 Bohrwerkzeug 37 Abstand 12 drilling tool 37 distance
12a Diskenmeißel 40 Verschleißelement 12a disc chisel 40 wear element
12b Schählmeißel 41 Vertiefung 12b Chisel 41 recess
12c Rollenmeißel 42 Fläche 12c roller bit 42 surface
13 Unterseite 43 Flanke 13 underside 43 flank
14 Oberseite 45 Anschluss 14 Top 45 Connection
15 Ringabschnitt 15 ring section
16 Unterseite 50 Schlageinrichtung 16 Bottom 50 impact device
17 Arm 51 Rotationselement17 Arm 51 rotating element
18 Flanke 52 Schlagelement18 flank 52 impact element
19 Räumwerkzeug 53 Gelenk 19 Broach 53 Joint
20 Saugkasten 54 Schlagkreis 20 suction box 54 percussion circle
21 Vorderseite 55 Schlagbereich 21 Front 55 Impact area
22 Öffnungsbereich 56 Schlagrichtung 22 Opening area 56 Impact direction
23 Öffnung 57 Gehäuse 23 opening 57 housing
23a Öffnungsabschnitt 58 Rotationsrichtung 23a opening portion 58 direction of rotation
24 Klassierungselement 24 classification element
25 Innenraum 80 Transportmedium 25 interior 80 transport medium
26 Deckel 81 Transportmediumstrahl26 Cover 81 Transport medium jet
27 Boden 90 Fördermedium 27 Bottom 90 pumped medium
28 Seitenwand 100 Ortsbrust 28 side wall 100 face
29 Öffnung 110 gelöster Boden 29 opening 110 loosened soil
30 Anschluss 120 Förderstrom 30 Connection 120 flow rate
31 Förderleitung 130 Spülungsstrahl 31 Delivery line 130 Mud jet
32 Spüldüse 140 Bohrlochtiefstes32 Flushing nozzle 140 deepest hole
33 Bodenlösewerkzeug 200 Aufbereitung 33 Soil loosening tool 200 preparation
/Bodenaufnahmewerkzeug / Ground pick-up tool
34, 34‘ Düse 34, 34 ‘nozzle
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24165434.2A EP4411105A3 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-21 | Drill head and method for creating a vertical bore in the ground |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201962878264P | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | |
| PCT/EP2020/070579 WO2021013846A2 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-21 | Drill head and method for producing a vertical borehole in the ground |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24165434.2A Division EP4411105A3 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-21 | Drill head and method for creating a vertical bore in the ground |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4004331A2 true EP4004331A2 (en) | 2022-06-01 |
| EP4004331C0 EP4004331C0 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
| EP4004331B1 EP4004331B1 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
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ID=71786917
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24165434.2A Pending EP4411105A3 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-21 | Drill head and method for creating a vertical bore in the ground |
| EP20746138.5A Active EP4004331B1 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-21 | Drill head and method for producing a vertical borehole in the ground |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24165434.2A Pending EP4411105A3 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-21 | Drill head and method for creating a vertical bore in the ground |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12031385B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP4411105A3 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114514359B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2020316928A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3148224C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2986095T3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL4004331T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021013846A2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4399368A4 (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2025-07-30 | Optima Mining Systems Pty Ltd | CUTTING HEAD ARRANGEMENT |
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| FR1260016A (en) * | 1959-12-12 | 1961-05-05 | Costa Fu Ernanio Flli | Method and device for the execution of concrete, reinforced concrete or similar infrastructures by parallel drilling, and simultaneous casting of concrete or cement |
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| US3384191A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1968-05-21 | Reed Roller Bit Co | Drill bit |
| FR1567862A (en) * | 1967-03-13 | 1969-05-23 | ||
| US3951220A (en) * | 1974-08-19 | 1976-04-20 | Vance Industries, Inc. | Archimedes spiral drill bit |
| US4105083A (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1978-08-08 | Smith International, Inc. | Large diameter drill bit |
| GB2003211A (en) | 1977-07-08 | 1979-03-07 | Gladstone J | Sinking cased boreholes |
| US4200160A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1980-04-29 | Smith International, Inc. | Sweep pickup for a big hole bit |
| US4296824A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1981-10-27 | Hughes Tool Company | Nozzle placement in large diameter earth boring bits |
| US4195700A (en) | 1978-08-14 | 1980-04-01 | Smith International, Inc. | Large diameter bit with sweep pickup |
| DE3039633C2 (en) * | 1980-10-21 | 1983-08-18 | Christensen, Inc., 84115 Salt Lake City, Utah | Rotary drill bits, in particular for deep drilling |
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| CN109611030B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-11-29 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Chip space type variable flow jet flow drill |
-
2020
- 2020-07-21 EP EP24165434.2A patent/EP4411105A3/en active Pending
- 2020-07-21 ES ES20746138T patent/ES2986095T3/en active Active
- 2020-07-21 US US17/628,852 patent/US12031385B2/en active Active
- 2020-07-21 AU AU2020316928A patent/AU2020316928A1/en active Pending
- 2020-07-21 CA CA3148224A patent/CA3148224C/en active Active
- 2020-07-21 CN CN202080062032.8A patent/CN114514359B/en active Active
- 2020-07-21 PL PL20746138.5T patent/PL4004331T3/en unknown
- 2020-07-21 EP EP20746138.5A patent/EP4004331B1/en active Active
- 2020-07-21 WO PCT/EP2020/070579 patent/WO2021013846A2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| AU2020316928A1 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
| PL4004331T3 (en) | 2024-07-22 |
| WO2021013846A2 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
| CA3148224C (en) | 2024-01-23 |
| EP4004331C0 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
| US12031385B2 (en) | 2024-07-09 |
| CA3148224A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
| CN114514359A (en) | 2022-05-17 |
| EP4411105A3 (en) | 2025-01-22 |
| ES2986095T3 (en) | 2024-11-08 |
| CN114514359B (en) | 2025-03-21 |
| US20230147209A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
| EP4004331B1 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
| EP4411105A2 (en) | 2024-08-07 |
| WO2021013846A3 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
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