EP4004331B1 - Drill head and method for producing a vertical borehole in the ground - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drill head and a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a body that can be connected to a rotation drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a face the bore, with a discharge device for removing the loosened soil on the face, which can be connected to a suction unit for sucking in a conveyed medium via a conveyor line, the discharge device having an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face, wherein the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box as part of the discharge device, which has a connection opening at an end opposite the opening for a connection to the delivery line, and at least one element is provided which is applied to the loosened soil in the area of the suction box exerts an acceleration through which the soil loosened by the drilling tools can be moved into the opening area and/or through the opening into the suction box, the loosened soil being captured by the conveying medium in the opening area, preferably in the opening and/or in the suction box, and through the Suction unit can be removed via the delivery line.

Such a drill head is, for example US 3360061 A , US 4534426 A , US 4296824 A , US 4646853 A , EP 2597249 B1 , US 3384191 A , US 4195700 A and US 4200160 A known.

US 3360061 A discloses a device and a method for sinking a shaft. To loosen the soil, a cutting wheel is provided that can be rotated about a vertical axis and is rotated by a surface drive via a conveyor linkage.

US 4534426 A and US 4296824 A show a device and a method for sinking a shaft. A cutting wheel that can be rotated about a vertical axis is provided to loosen the soil. Nozzles are also provided which feed the loosened soil to the suction system.

US 4646853 A discloses a device and a method for sinking a shaft. A cutting wheel that can be rotated about a vertical axis is provided to loosen the soil. Mechanical conveying with buckets is provided to remove the loosened soil.

EP 2597249 B1 shows a drilling device for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground with a drill head that rotates on a face. A suction is provided which has an opening which is arranged on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the face and rotates with the drill head. Loosened soil is removed from the borehole.

US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also has a suction system for removing the loosened soil. For this purpose, a guide plate is provided that is arranged in the area of the opening of the suction and collects the loosened soil as the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening. Behind the opening there is an inclined channel which opens into a centrally arranged discharge line.

US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided. The opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conical tube is provided that widens towards the discharge line.

US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction for removing the loosened soil. The suction provides a slot-shaped radial opening that opens into a cylindrical space. A channel emerges from this and leads into the sewage pipe.

The object of the invention is to simplify the suction in the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.

The task with regard to the drill head is solved in that the distance of the opening area to the face is adjustable. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by moving the suction box vertically and/or by pivoting the suction box about a pivot point, with a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or pivoting.

This makes it possible in a surprisingly simple manner to remove the loosened soil, especially in the case of heavier, inert components that cannot be easily sucked in, and at the same time to significantly increase the suction performance. Furthermore, the amount of material extracted can be directly influenced in a simple manner

A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one nozzle, which is provided directed into the opening area and which emits at least one jet of a transport medium to bring about the acceleration.

A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one deflection area is provided behind the opening, preferably before entering the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be diverted. This makes it particularly easy for the material to be conveyed to be conveyed to the conveyor and then conveyed away.

A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed strip, and/or for picking up loosened soil is provided in the opening area. This means that rock/soil can be loosened/picked up at the face directly in the opening area. The material dissolved/absorbed in this way can be fed particularly well to the suction system.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the at least one tool can be moved to change the distance of the tool from the face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and/or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area is provided with a cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and/or at least one nozzle for dispensing a medium, for example a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite rinse). This means that closures in the opening area can either be eliminated or prevented.

A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one flushing nozzle is provided, with which soil loosened by at least one drilling tool can be transported into an area on the working face, which is passed over by the suction box when drilling with the drill head. This easily improves the material transport to the suction box.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is provided in the drill head in a replaceable manner. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. Reversing the direction of rotation is also possible.

A further teaching of the invention provides that a classification element is provided in the opening area. This can be, for example, a grid, separating plates that divide the opening area into several openings, or even several openings. This makes it possible to easily limit the grain size of the material sucked in.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally. This has a positive effect on material transport in the suction box and material absorption.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area extends essentially radially outwards as viewed from the center. It is advantageous that the opening is elongated or slot-like. A further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross section of the opening changes along the opening area viewed radially outwards, preferably enlarged. This allows the material intake, the location of the material intake and the intake quantity to be easily influenced.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the connection opening of the suction box is arranged offset in relation to the opening area relative to a median perpendicular of the opening area, preferably towards the outside. This means that the suction box is constructed asymmetrically. The suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be easily influenced, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by moving it outwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suction off the larger amount of material that occurs there.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the connection opening of the suction box is arranged pivoted in relation to the opening area relative to a median perpendicular of the opening area. The suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be easily influenced, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by tilting the connection opening inwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suction off the larger amount of material that occurs there.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box has at least one nozzle in the interior. This makes it possible to easily improve the movement of the loosened soil/rock for capture by the conveying medium.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the conveying medium and/or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air. A particularly preferred combination is that the conveying medium is air and the transport medium is air or a liquid, preferably water. This is used if the drill head is not/should/cannot be flooded and liquid-based production is therefore not possible. It has surprisingly been shown that the dissolved soil/the dissolved rock can be easily transported/activated by the emitted jet and can advantageously be fed into the conveying stream of air and removed.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one driven rotating element with at least one impact element arranged thereon, the at least one impact element causing the acceleration of the loosened soil via a contact through a rotational movement.

It is advantageous that the striking element is movable on a striking circle which is provided concentrically around the rotation element.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element is movably arranged on the at least one rotation element, preferably via a joint.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one striking element is a hammer, a sword, a rope, a chain, a brush element, or a chisel.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the rotation of the at least one rotation element can be speed-controlled.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element causes the loosened soil to be comminuted.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is provided horizontally, inclined and/or vertically.

• Einbringen einer Beschleunigung in im Bereich des Öffnungsbereichs befindlichen gelösten Boden, und
• Erfassen des gelösten Bodens von einem Fördermedium und Abfördern durch die Ansaugeinheit über die Förderleitung.

The object according to the invention is further achieved by a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a drill head, in particular with a previously described drill head, wherein the drill head is connected to a rotation drive of a drilling device, wherein the drill head has a body on which drilling tools are arranged, with which the soil at a face of the bore is loosened during drilling and comminuted to a size that can be removed, the loosened and comminuted soil being transported away from the face with a removal device, which is connected to a suction unit Suction of a conveying medium is connected via a conveying line, the discharge device having a suction box with an opening area with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face, with the steps:

• Introducing an acceleration into loosened soil in the area of the opening area, and
• Capturing the loosened soil from a conveying medium and conveying it away through the suction unit via the conveying line.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the opening into the suction box by the acceleration introduced.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the detection takes place in the suction box and/or in the opening area, preferably in front of the opening.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the acceleration takes place by emitting a jet of a transport medium from a nozzle which is directed into the opening area of the suction box as part of the discharge device.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the transport medium.

Alternatively or additionally, it is further provided that the acceleration takes place by at least one driven rotating element with at least one impact element arranged thereon, the at least one impact element causing the acceleration of the loosened soil via a contact through a rotational movement.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by the impact element.

It is advantageous, as described above, that the conveying medium and/or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air

The terms soil and rock are used synonymously in this application. The same applies to loosened soil and cuttings.

Figur 1

eine räumliche Ansicht der Unterseite des erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopfs der ersten Ausführungsform,

Figur 2

eine schematische Ausschnittsskizze zu Figur 1 einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Figur 3

eine schematische Teilschnittansicht in Draufsicht zu Figur 2,

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung alternativer erfindungsgemäßer Bohrkopfformen,

Figur 5

eine schematische räumliche Teilansicht zu Figur 1,

Figur 6

eine weitere schematische räumliche teilweise geschnittene Teilansicht zu Figur 1,

Figur 7

eine weitere schematische räumliche teilweise geschnittene Teilansicht zu Figur 1,

Figur 8

eine erste Prinzipskizze hinsichtlich der erfindungsgemäßen Abförderung in Verbindung mit einem Bohrkopf nach Figur 1,

Figur 9

eine zweite Prinzipskizze hinsichtlich der erfindungsgemäßen Abförderung in Verbindung mit einem Bohrkopf nach Figur 1,

Figur 10

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer ersten Anordnung einer Saugkasten in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf,

Figur 11

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer zweiten Anordnung einer Saugkasten in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf,

Figur 12

eine Teilschnittansicht zu Figur 11,

Figur 13

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Aufbereitung in einer Bohrvorrichtung mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf,

Figur 14

eine Schnittansicht zu einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Figur 15

eine um 90° gedrehte Schnittansicht zu Figur 14, und

Figur 16

alternative Bohrkopfprofile zu Figur 14.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with a drawing. Show:
Show:

Figure 1

a spatial view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the first embodiment,

Figure 2

a schematic detail sketch Figure 1 a first embodiment of the invention,

Figure 3

a schematic partial sectional view in plan view Figure 2 ,

Figure 4

a schematic representation of alternative drill head shapes according to the invention,

Figure 5

a schematic spatial partial view Figure 1 ,

Figure 6

another schematic spatial partially sectioned partial view Figure 1 ,

Figure 7

another schematic spatial partially sectioned partial view Figure 1 ,

Figure 8

a first schematic sketch with regard to the removal according to the invention in connection with a drill head Figure 1 ,

Figure 9

a second basic sketch with regard to the removal according to the invention in connection with a drill head Figure 1 ,

Figure 10

a schematic side view of a first arrangement of a suction box in a drill head according to the invention,

Figure 11

a schematic side view of a second arrangement of a suction box in a drill head according to the invention,

Figure 12

a partial section view Figure 11 ,

Figure 13

a schematic side view of a preparation in a drilling device with a drill head according to the invention,

Figure 14

a sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention,

Figure 15

a sectional view rotated by 90° Figure 14 , and

Figure 16

alternative drill head profiles Figure 14 .

Figure 1 shows a spatial representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in the first embodiment. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which 13 drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside. On its top side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection (not shown) for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive, not shown, is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, for example a shaft drilling machine. Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements, for example in a borehole/pile/casing, are also possible.

The underside 13 has, for example, a flat ring section 15 (other shapes are possible), on the underside 16 of which drilling tools 12 are provided.

Starting from the ring section, arms extend outwards, here for example 8 arms, 17, each of which has a flat flank 18, for example. Broaching tools 19 and wear elements 40 can be provided on the flanks. Alternatively, the flanks 18 can also be designed to run around the entire surface.

In the center of the underside 13, for example, a recess 41 is provided here, which has, for example, a flat surface 42 and flanks 43, on which drilling tools 12 are also provided.

The drill head shape described here is also referred to as a W drill head. The drill profile for this is in the Figures 8 and 9 shown. The width of the flat ring section 15 as well as the angles of the inner and outer flanks 43, 18 as well as the size of the inner surface 42 are variable and dependent on the mining conditions, as in Figure 16 is shown.

The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, peeling chisels or peeling knives 12b or roller chisels 12c or other alternatives. The drilling tools 12 are selected depending on the soil/rock to be loosened to create the hole.

At its top 14 is in Figure 1 the connection 45 of the delivery line 31 is shown.

Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13 of the W drill head 10 on the ring section 15.

Alternative arrangements of the suction box 20 are in Figure 4 shown. For example, according to the invention, the suction box 20 sits in the deepest part of the borehole (left in.) with a conical or V-shaped drill head Figure 4 ) or extends and is provided radially in a flat drill head (right in Figure 4 ). In the middle of Figure 4 A W drill head is shown. In addition to horizontal suction boxes, such as in Fig. 4 Also shown are versions possible in which the suction box 20 is inclined or vertical and, for example, its opening 23 is directed downwards towards the face 100.

The suction box 20 in a first embodiment, as shown for example in Fig. 2 is shown, has on its front side 21 an opening area 22 which has at least one opening 23. The opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 which divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a. The classification element 24 determines the grain size of the dissolved soil/rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.

The interior 25 is formed by a lid 26 as the top and a bottom 27 as the bottom, which are designed here as a flat embodiment. Other shapes of lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28, which here extend from the front 21 along the shape of the lid and the base.

Due to the shape of the lid 26, the base 27 and the side walls 28, the shape of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 is formed. This can have a box-like structure. Alternatively, a funnel can be present if the width of the interior 25 is reduced, for example by a curved shape of the side walls 28, whereby the flow speed of the mixture of dissolved soil/rock and carrier medium increases as the width decreases.

At the back of the interior 25 there is an opening 29, at which a connection 30 is provided for a delivery rate 31, which is connected to a suction unit/pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil/rock or the Mixture of pumped medium and dissolved soil/rock.

In addition and not shown here, the height of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, starting from the front 21 towards the opening 29 at the back of the sauté box 20 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil/rock.

Furthermore, it is also possible to design the suction box 20, shown symmetrically here, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown). In this case, it can be particularly useful, for example in the case of a flat drill head, if the extension of the opening region 22 is longer, to arrange the opening 29 offset towards the outer circumference of the body 11 in order to be able to move more in the areas in which the drill head rotates Soil/rock is loosened and enters the interior 25 of the suction box 20 through the opening 23 to specifically increase the flow velocity.

The same is also possible in that the connection 30 of the delivery capacity 31 (not shown) opens at an angle into the interior 25.

The opening area 22 can have floor loosening tools and/or floor picking tools 33, for example peeling knives or scrapers, in the area of the opening 23, which extends along the front side 21. By providing such tools, it is possible to specifically loosen and/or pick up soil/rock in the area of the front side 21 of the suction box 20 and to feed it to the opening 23 of the suction box 20.

Additionally or alternatively, baffles can also be provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 (not shown), which feed dissolved material to the opening area 22. The feeding can be supported by nozzles such as flushing nozzles 32.

Fig. 2 and Figure 3 show a section of the drill head 10 according to the invention with a suction box 20 with an opening 23 and nozzles 34 directed thereon for dispensing a transport medium 80, preferably air or a liquid such as water or bentonite rinse. The conveying medium 90 is sucked in through the delivery line 31, which is connected to the suction box 20 via the opening 29 and the connection 30. Dissolved soil 110 is accelerated by the transport medium jet 81 and transported through the opening 23. There the loosened soil 110 is captured by the conveying medium 90. Dissolved soil 110, conveying medium 90 and transport medium 80 mix to form a conveying stream 120, which is then conveyed away via the conveying line. Additionally or alternatively, the transport medium jet 81 causes turbulence or loosening due to the acceleration input of the loosened soil 110 from the face 100 in the opening area 22, so that the whirled up loosened soil is already captured there by the conveying medium 90 and is conveyed away with the conveying medium as a conveying stream 120.

Figure 5 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in a W shape Figure 1 with drilling tools 12 arranged thereon as disks 12a and with chisels on the side flanks 18 and on the flanks 43 on the underside 13.

The drilling tools 12 arranged on the arms 17 can be changed from the interior of the arm 17.

Figure 6 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in a W shape Figure 1 with suction box 20 and a delivery line 31 connected to it, which are provided within the arm 17. For the sake of simplicity, Figure 6 no drilling tools 12, 12a shown. 19 rinsing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of the broaching tool and are aligned in the direction of the opening 23 of the suction box 20. These emit a flushing jet 130. The same medium as the transport medium can preferably be used as the rinsing medium. With the mud jet 130, the loosened cuttings 11 is transported into the opening area 22 or towards the deepest part of the borehole 140. In this area, the loosened soil 110 is then fed from the nozzles 34 to the opening 23 of the cistern 20, as shown in Fig. 7 is shown.

The process of soil loosening and removal of the loosened soil is in Figure 8 and 9 for example in conjunction with a drill head 10 Figure 1 shown. The soil is loosened with drilling tools 12 and is located in the area of the respective drilling tools. Preferably, 12 flushing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of the respective drilling tools. These emit a flushing jet 130 which flushes the loosened soil 110 into the area of the deepest part of the borehole 140. The suction box 20 with its opening 23 is moved in this area. The transport medium jet 81 is then emitted in the opening area 23 via the nozzles 34 for emitting the transport medium jet 81, with which the loosened soil is accelerated into the opening 22 and thus moved into the cistern 20 for removal, and/or in the opening area 22 directly through the Suction box 20 is sucked off.

The movement/acceleration of the cuttings into the suction box 20 can be additionally supported by mechanical tools.

Figure 10 shows the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box, the opening 29 or connection 30 to the delivery line 31 is provided behind the opening area 22. is shown mechanical support during recording by means of a recording tool 33. The suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35. The nozzles 34 are not shown here.

In Figure 11 and 12 the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box 20 is shown, the opening 29 or connection 30 to the delivery line 31 is provided in front of the opening area 22. Mechanical support during recording is shown using a recording tool 33. The suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35. This allows the suction box to be moved in the direction of arrow A, so that the distance 36 to the face 100 changes. In Figure 12 the arrangement of the nozzles 34 is shown. A first nozzle 34 is provided here, which is directed in the direction of the deflection or receiving tool 33. Furthermore, a second nozzle 34' is provided, which is directed in the direction of the opening 29 and the connection 30. The loosened soil 110 is fed to the conveying medium 120 through the two nozzles 34, 34 'and is conveyed away together with it.

The flow conveyed via the delivery line 31 is composed of a combination of solid components (dissolved soil 110) and liquid and/or gaseous components. These are fed to a processing unit 200 via the delivery line 31 (see Figure 13 ). Here the components are separated from one another, for example by means of at least one cyclone, liquid and/or dust separators. The gaseous components (air) are returned to the drilling area (for example the shaft that has already been drilled). If necessary, the liquid components are fed back to the nozzles 32, 34, 34' or are transported away from the drilling area to the surface. The solid components are also removed from the drilling area above ground using suitable means.

As an alternative or in addition to the introduction of acceleration into the loosened soil using nozzles and a transport medium, a second embodiment of the invention according to the Figures 14-16 a mechanical acceleration input. For this purpose, an impact device 50 is provided, which is provided in the area of the suction box 20 inwards in the drill head 10 but can accelerate the loosened soil 110 in the area of the face 100.

A rotating element 51 is provided in a housing 57, on which a plurality of impact elements 52, here preferably movable via a joint 53, are arranged all around. The striking elements 52 move on a striking circle 54 provided concentrically around the rotating element 51. The rotating element 51 is driven via a drive (not shown). Impact elements 52 hit loose ones in an impact area 55 Soil, which is then introduced into the suction box 20 or into its opening 23 in the direction of impact 56. In the interior 25 there and/or in the opening area 22, the accelerated loosened soil is then captured by the conveying medium 90 and conveyed away through the conveying line 31 with the conveying flow 120.

Figure 15 and Figure 16 show different arrangement widths of the impact device 50 in connection with the flanks 18, 43 of the drill head 10.

It is advantageous here for the impact device 50 to be as wide as possible ( Figure 16 below) to achieve better delivery performance.

It is also advantageous that the flanks 18, 43, as in Figure 16 shown above, compared to the illustrations in Figure 15 and Figure 16 can be made relatively steep and short at the bottom, so that under certain circumstances even a flank flushing, here in the form of an air flow or in the form of clearing elements (not shown), can be omitted.

List of reference symbols:

10

drill head

11

Body

12

drilling tool

12a

Disc chisel

12b

peeling chisel

12c

Roller chisel

13

bottom

14

Top

15

Ring section

16

bottom

17

poor

18

Flank

19

Broaching tool

20

Suction box

21

front

22

Opening area

23

opening

23a

opening section

24

Classification element

25

inner space

26

Lid

27

Floor

28

Side wall

29

opening

30

Connection

31

delivery line

32

Flushing nozzle

33

Soil loosening tool/soil pick-up tool

34, 34'

jet

35

cylinder

36

Pivot point

37

Distance

40

Wear element

41

deepening

42

Area

43

Flank

45

Connection

50

Impact device

51

rotation element

52

Impact element

53

joint

54

Strike circle

55

Strike area

56

Direction of impact

57

Housing

58

Direction of rotation

80

Transport medium

81

Transport medium jet

90

conveying medium

100

face

110

loosened soil

120

Flow rate

130

Irrigation jet

140

Deepest borehole

200

processing

Claims (15)

1. Drill head for producing a substantially vertical borehole in the ground, in particular for producing a shaft, having a body (11) which is able to be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, having drilling tools (12) which for loosening the ground at a face (100) of the borehole are disposed on the body (11), having a discharge device which for discharging the loosened ground on the face (100) is able to be connected to a suction unit for suctioning a conveying medium by way of a conveying line (31), wherein the discharge device has an opening region (22) which is disposed on the body (11) and has at least one opening (23) in the region of the drilling tools (12) at the face (100), wherein the at least one opening (23) of the opening region (22) is connected to a suction box (20) which as a component part of the discharge device has, at an end opposite the opening (23), a connector opening (29) for connecting to the conveying line (31), and wherein at least one element which exerts an acceleration on the loosened ground in the region of the suction box (20) is provided, by way of which acceleration the ground (110) loosened by the drilling tools (12) is able to be moved into the opening region (22) and/or through the opening (23) into the suction box (25), wherein the loosened ground (110) is acquired by the conveying medium (90) in the opening region (22) and/or in the suction box (25) and is able to be discharged by way of the conveying line (31) by the suction unit, characterized in that the spacing of the opening region (22) in relation to the face (100) is adjustable, in that the adjustment of the spacing takes place by vertically moving the suction box (20) and/or by pivoting the suction box (20) about a pivot point, and in that a drive is provided for moving or pivoting.
2. Drill head according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one element is at least one nozzle (34) which is provided so as to be directed into the opening region (22) and dispenses at least one jet (81) of a transport medium (80) so as to effect the acceleration.
3. Drill head according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one purging nozzle (32) is provided by way of which ground loosened by at least one drilling tool (12) is able to be transported into a region on the face (100) that is travelled across by the suction box (20) when drilling with the drill head (10).
4. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the suction box (20) has at least one nozzle (34a) in the interior space (25).
5. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conveying medium (90) and/or the transport medium (80) is a liquid or gaseous medium.
6. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one element is at least one driven rotary element (51) having at least one impact element (52) disposed thereon, wherein the at least one impact element (52), by way of a rotating movement, effects the acceleration of the loosened ground (110) by contacting the latter.
7. Drill head according to Claim 6, characterized in that the impact element (52) is movable on an impact circle (54) which is provided so as to be concentric about the rotary element (51).
8. Drill head according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least one impact element (52) is movably disposed on the at least one rotary element (51).
9. Drill head according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the at least one impact element (52) is a hammer, a blade, a cable, a chain, a brush element, or a chisel.
10. Drill head according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the rotation of the at least one rotary element (51) is able to be controlled in terms of the rotating speed, and/or in that the at least one impact element (52) causes a comminution of the loosened ground (110) .
11. Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the suction box (20) is provided so as to be horizontal, inclined and/or vertical.
12. Device for sinking a shaft, having a drill head (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 11.
13. Method for producing a substantially vertical borehole in the ground, in particular for producing a shaft, by way of a drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 12, wherein the drill head (10) is connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, wherein the drill head (10) has a body (11) on which drilling tools (12) are disposed by way of which during drilling the ground at a face (100) of the borehole is loosened and comminuted to a dischargeable size, wherein the loosened and comminuted ground (110) is transported from the face (100) by a discharge device which is connected to a suction unit for suctioning a conveying medium (90) by way of a conveying line (31), wherein the discharge device has a suction box (20) having an opening region (22) having at least one opening (23) in the region of the drilling tools (12) at the face (100), said method comprising the following steps:

    - introducing an acceleration into loosened ground (110) situated in the region of the opening region (22), and

    - acquiring the loosened ground (110) by a conveying medium (90) and discharging said loosened ground (110) by way of the conveying line (31) by the suction unit.
14. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the acceleration takes place by dispensing a jet (81) of a transport medium from a nozzle (34) which is directed into the opening region (22) of the suction box (20) as a component part of the discharge device.
15. Method according to Claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the acceleration takes place by at least one driven rotary element (51) having at least one impact element (52) disposed thereon, wherein the at least one impact element (52), by way of a rotating movement, effects the acceleration of the loosened ground by contacting the latter.

Images