EP3999282B1 - Abrasive segment for an abrasive roll, grinding machine, and use - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a grinding segment for a grinding roller, comprising at least one carrier body for the positive attachment of the grinding segment to a lateral surface of the grinding roller and at least one essentially flat layer of abrasive. The present invention further relates to a grinding roller for processing a surface of a workpiece and/or a surface of a negative mold for producing the workpiece, the grinding roller having an essentially cylindrical base body with a lateral surface. The present invention further relates to a grinding machine with at least one grinding roller according to the invention, including grinding segments according to the invention, and at least one rotary drive. The present invention also relates to the use of such a grinding segment, such a grinding roller or such a grinding machine.

Such a grinding segment is already known from the scriptures DE 20 2005 016 671 U1 known, in which the abrasive is attached to a support with a Velcro strip in such a way that the abrasive layer is oriented normal to the outer surface of the grinding roller and when the abrasive segment comes into contact with a workpiece, the abrasive segment deforms elastically in one direction.

Another grinding segment is already from the scriptures U.S. 2,067,089A known, wherein the grinding segment is arranged in a carrier. This document forms the basis for the preamble of present claim 1.

According to a first aspect, the disadvantage of the prior art is that due to the orientation of the abrasive layer normal to the outer surface of the grinding roller during rotation in the grinding process, the removal rate is only partially effective, since the force on the workpiece due to elastic deformation of the grinding segment is not optimally applied to the Workpiece is transferrable.

Furthermore, the grinding segment follows the contour during the removal process and thus does not contribute significantly to the leveling of a surface of the workpiece.

That in Scripture DE 20 2005 016 671 U1 The grinding segment described is provided with an elastically deformable support means, which is preferably an elastically flexible material such as a brush, foam or other suitable material.

According to a second aspect, the disadvantage of the prior art is that the elastically flexible materials are adapted to the deformation during the grinding process, but are not designed for the supply and/or storage of grinding fluid.

Furthermore, relevant properties in the removal process such as vibration damping, noise inhibition, heat protection, varying surface geometries, etc. can only be addressed to a very limited extent due to the support means described.

Such a grinding roller is from the document DE 20 2005 016 671 U1 is known which has mounted abrasive segments provided with an abrasive layer oriented normal to the mantle surface.

A disadvantage of the prior art is that material can only be removed in one direction of rotation without retooling the attached grinding segments.

A grinding machine with grinding segments is from Scripture DE 20 2005 016 671 U1 known, in which the grinding segments are arranged in the grinding roller such that the abrasive layer is oriented normal to the lateral surface of the grinding roller and thereby after assembly of the grinding roller Direction of rotation of the grinding roller is determined by the function of the abrasive layer.

The disadvantage here is that due to the orientation of the abrasive layer normal to the lateral surface of the grinding roller during the rotation in the grinding process, no automatic propulsion can be generated by the abrasive layer oriented normal to the lateral surface of the grinding roller, even in the only direction of rotation possible for the grinding process, which is preferably for large Workpieces under manual processing is necessary and also no high removal rate is possible.

The technical task according to the first aspect of the present invention is therefore to specify an abrasive segment that is improved over the prior art, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are at least partially eliminated, and which is characterized in particular by an abrasive layer that allows increased material removal allows and the material removal by the grinding segment also contributes to a significant leveling of the workpiece surface.

The technical task according to the second aspect is to specify a grinding segment that ensures effective grinding fluid supply and grinding fluid storage and is tailored to parameters relevant to the removal process, such as vibration, sound, heat, surface shape, etc., without comfortable handling and/or or long service life has to be foregone and the grinding result is improved.

A further object according to a third aspect of the present invention is to specify a grinding roller that is improved compared to the prior art, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are at least partially eliminated, and which is characterized in particular by that the grinding roller can be used in both directions of rotation relevant to the removal process.

A further object according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is to specify a grinding machine that is improved over the prior art, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are at least partially eliminated, and which is characterized both by user-friendly handling of large grinding rollers (from one roller length and/or a roller diameter of approx. 300 mm) as well as a high potential abrasion on the workpiece.

A further object according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is to specify an improved use of the grinding segment, the grinding roller or the grinding machine compared to the prior art.

The object according to the first aspect is solved by the features of claim 1.

It is therefore provided according to the invention that the at least one abrasive layer is aligned essentially parallel to the outer surface of the grinding roller when the abrasive segment is in a state attached to the grinding roller, and at least one elastic intermediate layer is arranged between the at least one carrier body and the at least one abrasive layer.

This makes it possible for the contact and thus also the power transmission between the abrasive layer and the workpiece surface to take place essentially normal to the lateral surface of the grinding roller, with increased removal capacity on the workpiece (e.g. negative mold and its molded parts) being guaranteed, since the grinding segment exerts more pressure can apply to the surface.

Furthermore, the parallel alignment of the abrasive layer to the lateral surface ensures efficient leveling of the surface to be processed, with residues in particular being effectively treated and the surface being locally corrected and leveled to the conditions in the surrounding area.

Above all, after repair work in negative molds, unevenness and residues remain, which can be effectively removed by this grinding segment.

The term elastic (synonymous with compressible while retaining shape) means that the intermediate layer is compressible under the influence of force and that the intermediate layer then resumes its original shape when no more force is exerted. This property essentially achieves two advantages, namely that the layer has a pressure-equalizing effect and develops a damping effect during the grinding process.

The object according to the second aspect is solved by the features of claim 2.

Provision is therefore made for at least one elastic intermediate layer, which essentially consists of felt, to be arranged between the at least one carrier body and the at least one abrasive layer.

This makes it possible for the first time that, due to the spongy nature, a structure of the elastic intermediate layer can be formed which is optimally suited for the ablation process both for fluid absorption, fluid storage and fluid release.

Due to the elastic intermediate layer, which essentially consists of felt, the grinding segment can be operated both in dry grinding and with the use of grinding fluid.

In addition, the elastic properties of felt have high pressure elasticity and resilience, which means that there are hardly any creases, which would be detrimental to the sanding process.

Furthermore, felt is sound-insulating and efficiently insulates against heat, whereby these properties ensure both more comfort in operation and a better grinding result, especially when using the grinding segment. In addition, the padding ensures protection against excessive mechanical stress on all components involved, such as the abrasive layer, carrier body and/or workpiece.

The adaptation of the properties of the felt to the individual requirements of the surface to be processed can also be controlled via the density of the felt layer on which it is based.

In addition, there is the positive property that, due to the material-specific properties of felt, areas with different degrees of curvature and/or areas of different thicknesses can also be processed at the same time without having to influence the shape of the curved areas and/or areas of different thicknesses in advance with regard to the design of the grinding segment and without having to forfeit removal capacity. As a result, the removal process also has a particularly leveling effect on the surface.

Furthermore, the grinding segment with the elastic intermediate layer made of felt offers the possibility to work on special and demanding curved areas such as For example, convex or concave geometries can also be accommodated by the elastic felt intermediate layer following the curvature of the workpiece to be machined. Additionally, the thickness of the intermediate resilient felt layer may vary in thickness over at least a length of the abrasive segment.

The use of felt as a supporting elastic intermediate layer thus offers the advantage that both the necessary pressure for effective removal of the carrier element is transferred to the workpiece via the abrasive layer and complex surfaces can be traced in the contour.

The vibration-inhibiting properties of felt, which can be adapted to the conditions in the removal process thanks to its specific composition, enable user-friendly and comfortable operation of the grinding segment, which, due to the low specific density, essentially does not involve any additional weight for handling.

Added to this is the positive property that the grinding segment is subject to less elastic deformation, which results in an increase in service life and minimized signs of wear. This means that frequent changing of the felt layer and the carrier body can be dispensed with.

The object according to the third aspect is solved by the features of claim 7.

It is therefore provided according to the invention that at least one such abrasive segment is fastened to the lateral surface in a form-fitting manner.

This makes it possible for the grinding process to benefit from the material-specific properties of the elastic intermediate layer, which is made of felt in particular and can therefore guarantee damping, soundproofing, pressure equalization, heat protection, fluid absorption/storage/release and deformability, to an optimal extent can be used in both directions of rotation.

The object according to the fourth aspect is solved by the features of claim 11.

It is therefore provided according to the invention that the at least one grinding roller can be set in rotation with the at least one rotary drive in order to bring about a relative movement of the at least one layer of abrasive to the surface of the workpiece to be machined and/or the negative mold.

This first makes it possible for the abrasive layer to be oriented essentially parallel to the lateral surface of the grinding roller and for both directions of rotation to be provided with automatic advance during the grinding process. This enables easy operation of grinding rollers with a longitudinal extension of up to 800 mm.

Due to the elastic intermediate layer, the grinding segments also ensure large-area contact and effective removal by the abrasive layer over the entire longitudinal extent of the grinding roller.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one elastic intermediate layer is essentially made of felt, in the form of foam or in the form of plastic and the thickness of the at least one elastic intermediate layer is such that a grinding fluid, in particular water, can be stored and released in it, and/or the at least one elastic intermediate layer is formed without abrasives.

This achieves a particularly advantageous interaction between the initially abrasive-free workpiece surface and the abrasive layer in wet grinding, namely to the effect that grinding fluid stored in the elastic intermediate layer can escape during the removal process and grinding dust that forms on the abrasive layer during grinding can be efficiently flushed away.

In addition, the abrasive prevents increased heat generation and thus protects both the abrasive layer and the surface of the workpiece and/or the negative mold.

In the case of workpieces and/or negative molds for which no grinding fluid is required during the removal process, additional cleaning work for the user of the grinding segment can be dispensed with thanks to the abrasive-free elastic intermediate layer.

Provision is advantageously made for the at least one carrier body to be essentially T-shaped in cross section and/or designed in such a way that the carrier body can be positively fastened to the lateral surface of the grinding roller via a dovetail connection.

This enables a positive connection of the segment to a corresponding groove on a roller, in which the forces acting during the removal process are transmitted to a large extent via the carrier body to the more solid base body of the grinding roller.

Through the use of a dovetail connection, the form fit is given to a greater extent, since fixing takes place not only in a direction transverse to the dovetail connection, but also in a direction perpendicular to the groove.

In the longitudinal direction of the groove, it is preferably provided that the grinding segment is fixed on the grinding roller by a constructive termination.

It has proven to be favorable that the at least one carrier body comprises at least one bearing surface on which the at least one elastic intermediate layer is supported at least in regions, preferably with the at least one bearing surface being aligned essentially parallel to the at least one planar abrasive layer.

Since this arrangement ensures that both the abrasive layer and the carrier body are aligned parallel to the outer surface of the grinding roller, the forces that are necessary for the removal process and that arise during the removal process act to a large extent in the radial direction of the grinding roller. This is advantageous for an effective and gentle removal process.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that
the at least one elastic intermediate layer is attached to the at least one carrier body and/or to the at least one abrasive layer with an adhesive layer.

On the one hand, the adhesive layer as a binder is cost-effective and functionally sufficient for demanding removal processes.

After the end of the service life of the carrier body, elastic intermediate layer or abrasive layer, the worn parts can be replaced quickly and without high material requirements thanks to the adhesive layer.

It has proven to be advantageous for the at least one elastic intermediate layer to have a thickness that is at least three times greater than a layer thickness of the at least one abrasive layer.

The abrasive layer particularly preferably has a layer thickness in the range between 0.6 mm and 1.5 mm.

The elastic intermediate layer preferably has a thickness in the range between 5 mm and 12 mm, particularly preferably in the range between 8 mm and 10 mm.

This prevents contact between the support bodies and the surface of the workpiece or the negative mold if the workpiece or the negative mold is very uneven on the surface.

Furthermore, the elastic intermediate layer only develops the full extent of its positive material-specific aspects for the ablation process above a certain thickness.

An advantageous variant for the machining of surfaces of a workpiece or a negative mold made of composite material consists in that the at least one abrasive layer comprises at least one abrasive, preferably diamond, cubic boron nitride, sintered corundum and/or an abrasive with zirconium corundum, aluminum oxide and/or silicon carbide, preferably wherein the at least one abrasive has an abrasive grain size between 50 µm and 745 µm, and/or in at least one binder, preferably a resin binder, preferably wherein the abrasive layer is disposed on a backing layer.

It is particularly preferred that the lateral surface is provided with at least one groove for receiving at least one grinding segment, preferably wherein the at least one groove is essentially dovetail-shaped in design, and the at least one grinding segment is positively fixed therein.

In one embodiment it is provided that the at least one groove is arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller, preferably at an angle of between 1° and 10°, particularly preferably at an angle of between 2° and 3.5°

This ensures a particularly harmonious grinding process, since both when the grinding roller first comes into contact with the workpiece and during the grinding process, there is a favorable transmission of force from the at least one grinding segment to the workpiece and lower impact forces are generated.

Furthermore, the angle of the at least one groove makes it possible for a subsequent grinding segment to already come into contact with the workpiece in an end phase of the sliding contact of a first grinding segment, thereby reducing the times in which the workpiece is not in contact with the at least one grinding segment is stationary.

Therefore, the grinding result is improved by an inclination of the at least one groove to the longitudinal direction of the grinding roller and the grinding segments located therein.

Since the carrier bodies of the grinding segments are essentially T-shaped, the at least one corresponding groove offers a non-positive connection for the grinding segments on the lateral surface of the grinding roller. A dovetail-shaped connection offers a secure and non-positive connection of the grinding segment with the grinding roller, especially in the case of high loads in the removal process.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one, preferably essentially cylindrical, opening for at least one tool holder is arranged on at least one end face of the essentially cylindrical base body, preferably with exactly two openings being arranged on the at least one end face.

This achieves the effect that the grinding roller can be used as a tool for a wide variety of grinding machines or grinding robots.

Furthermore, a quick change of grinding roller, grinding machine or grinding robot is made possible.

This is a relevant factor when processing large surfaces of the workpieces and/or negative molds, primarily for reasons of time and cost.

The arrangement of the openings on the end face makes it possible for the grinding segments to extend over the full lateral extent of the grinding roller.

If there are exactly two openings on the front side, standard tool holders are taken into account.

Due to the resulting force arm between the opening and the center of the front side, tangentially acting forces in the removal process, caused by the rotation of the grinding roller and the relative movement between the grinding segment and the surface, can be transmitted and compensated to a greater extent via the tool holder to the grinding machine or grinding robot.

According to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one locking mechanism, at least one cover and at least one opening, the opening being arranged in the at least one cover and the at least one locking mechanism being insertable into the at least one opening for locking of the at least one grinding segment are arranged on at least one of the end faces of the essentially cylindrical base body.

This ensures a more effective form and force connection between the grinding segment and the grinding roller.

Due to the arrangement on the front side of the base body, the locking can also take place in a user-friendly manner after installation on a grinding roller or a grinding robot.

Alternatively, it is possible that at least one handle, preferably provided with at least one grinding fluid feed, is provided for manual guidance of the grinding machine.

The handle ensures comfortable handling, even for large and heavy sanding rollers.

With the aid of the grinding fluid feed, the grinding medium layer is supplied with grinding fluid without the need for an external grinding fluid feed. This saves unnecessary work steps in the removal process and also offers more comfortable handling of the grinding machine or the grinding robot.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one robot arm is provided, at the end of which at least one tool holder of at least one grinding roller is arranged, preferably wherein the tool holder is provided with at least one grinding fluid feed.

This makes it possible for the grinding roller to be used on hard-to-reach surfaces of the workpiece or the negative mold, and the abrasive layer is also supplied with grinding fluid.

The object according to the fifth aspect is solved by the features of claim 12.

According to the invention, the use of an above-described grinding segment and/or an above-described grinding roller for processing a surface of a workpiece, preferably coated with a coating to protect against environmental influences, is preferably provided that at least one region of the workpiece adjoining the surface to be processed consists of a carbon fiber and/or glass fiber composite material, or a surface of a negative mold, preferably coated with wax, for the production of a workpiece, which preferably consists at least partially of a carbon fiber and/or glass fiber composite material.

The uses mentioned take place in a particularly advantageous form for use on the workpiece, which is designed as a wing or fuselage of an aircraft, parts of a ship, parts of a train or as a rotor blade of a wind turbine.

The uses mentioned take place in a further particularly advantageous form with the supply of a grinding fluid, preferably water, particularly preferably water mixed with soap.

Fig. 1a

eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Schleifsegmentes in seinen Einzelkomponenten gemäß einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit einer Detailansicht einer Schleifmittelschicht

Fig. 1b

ein Schleifsegment in seiner Gesamtheit gemäß einem zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit einer Detailansicht einer elastischen Zwischenschicht aus Filz

Fig. 2

eine Schleifwalze in ihrer Gesamtheit in einer perspektivischen Ansicht gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel mit montierten Schleifsegmenten gemäß dem in Fig. 1a oder Fig. 1b gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel

Fig. 3a

eine Schleifmaschine gemäß einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel in Form einer manuell bedienbaren Schleifmaschine mit einer montierten Schleifwalze gemäß dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel und inkludierten Schleifsegmenten gemäß dem in Fig. 1a oder Fig. 1b gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht

Fig. 3b

die Schleifmaschine gemäß einem zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel in Form einer robotergesteuerten Schleifmaschine mit einer montierten Schleifwalze gemäß dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel und inkludierten Schleifsegmenten gemäß dem in Fig. 1a oder Fig. 1b gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht

Fig. 4a

die Verwendung einer Schleifwalze gemäß dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit montierten Schleifsegmenten gemäß dem in Fig. 1a oder Fig. 1b gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel während des Abtragprozesses an einem Werkstück in einer Seitenansicht

Fig. 4b

die Verwendung einer Schleifwalze gemäß dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit montierten Schleifsegmenten gemäß dem in Fig. 1a oder Fig. 1b gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel während des Abtragprozesses an einer Negativform in einer Seitenansicht,

Fig. 5

eine Schleifwalze gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ohne Schleifsegmente in einer Ansicht in eine radiale Richtung.

Further details and advantages of the present invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of the description of the figures with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show in it:

Fig. 1a

an exploded view of a grinding segment in its individual components according to a first preferred embodiment in a perspective view with a detailed view of an abrasive layer

Fig. 1b

a grinding segment in its entirety according to a second preferred embodiment in a perspective view with a detailed view of an elastic intermediate layer made of felt

2

a grinding roller in its entirety in a perspective view according to a preferred embodiment with mounted grinding segments according to the in 1a or 1b shown embodiment

Figure 3a

a grinding machine according to a first preferred embodiment in the form of a manually operable grinding machine with a mounted grinding roller according to in 2 shown embodiment and included grinding segments according to the in 1a or 1b shown embodiment in a side view

Figure 3b

the grinding machine according to a second preferred embodiment in the form of a robot-controlled grinding machine with a mounted grinding roller according to in 2 shown embodiment and included grinding segments according to the in 1a or 1b shown embodiment in a side view

Figure 4a

the use of a grinding roller in accordance with in 2 shown embodiment with mounted abrasive segments according to in 1a or 1b shown embodiment during the removal process on a workpiece in a side view

Figure 4b

the use of a grinding roller in accordance with in 2 shown embodiment with mounted abrasive segments according to in 1a or 1b shown embodiment during the removal process on a negative mold in a side view,

figure 5

a grinding roller according to a further preferred embodiment without grinding segments in a view in a radial direction.

Fig. 1a shows an abrasive segment 1 comprising a carrier body 3 and a planar abrasive layer 6, with an elastic intermediate layer 7 being arranged between the abrasive layer 6 and the carrier body 3. For the sake of clarity, these components are shown separately, but the components are connected through the formation of the abrasive segment.

The carrier body 3 is T-shaped, with the T-shape comprising a dovetail-shaped web which is used for a dovetail connection (see FIG 2 ) is intended for positive connection. A length of the carrier body 3 is arbitrary. However, lengths that are suitable for the removal process of extensive surface geometries are particularly preferred.

The elastic intermediate layer 7 is cuboid. However, this can also deviate from this cuboid shape and/or be adapted to special surface geometries to be treated. For example, the elastic intermediate layer 7 can be trapezoidal.

The abrasive layer 6 has a thickness 16, the abrasive layer 6 comprising an abrasive 17, preferably diamond 18, cubic boron nitride 19, sintered corundum 52 and/or an abrasive 17 with zirconium corundum 20, aluminum oxide 21 and/or silicon carbide 22.

However, the exact composition of the abrasive 17 and abrasive grain size 18 is arbitrary. One abrasive means 17 particularly preferably has an abrasive grain size 18 of between 50 μm and 745 μm. The abrasive 17 is held together by a binder 23 . Most preferably, the abrasive 17 is embedded in a resin binder 24, but may be embedded in a material other than the binder 23.

The abrasive layer 6 is arranged on a backing layer 49 . The material of the carrier layer 49 is arbitrary and is also not absolutely necessary. The abrasive layer 6 can also be applied directly to the elastic intermediate layer 7 . However, a carrier layer 49 made of textile is particularly preferred.

The elastic intermediate layer 7 is attached to the carrier body 3 and/or to the abrasive layer 6 with an adhesive layer 14 . The adhesive layer 14 can be applied over the entire surface or only in certain areas.

The elastic intermediate layer 7 has a thickness 15, the thickness 15 being many times greater than a layer thickness 16 of the abrasive layer 6.

The thickness 15 is particularly preferably at least three times the layer thickness 16 of the abrasive layer 6 .

The abrasive layer 6 is applied to the backing layer 49 . The abrasive layer 6 can be applied to the carrier layer 49 over the entire surface or only in certain areas.

Fig. 1b shows a grinding segment 1 with an elastic intermediate layer 7 made of felt 8 .

The carrier body 3 comprises a support surface 13 on which the elastic intermediate layer 7 is supported at least in certain areas. The bearing surface 13 is aligned parallel to the planar abrasive layer 6 .

The elastic intermediate layer is formed in such a way that a grinding fluid 9, in particular water 10, can be stored and released in it and/or is formed free of abrasives.

The elastic intermediate layer 7, the contact surface 13 and the abrasive layer 6 are aligned essentially parallel and have an angle of essentially 90° to a radial direction of a grinding roller 2 (not shown for reasons of clarity).

The composition of the grinding fluid 9 is arbitrary. Water 10 mixed with soap 48 is particularly preferably present in the grinding fluid 9 .

The abrasive fluid 9 is stored in the fibers 50 of the felt 8 and permeates between the fibers 50 of the felt 8 as the abrasive fluid 9 is discharged to the abrasive layer 6.

In general, the elastic intermediate layer 7 can also be in the form of foams or plastics. The thicknesses of the individual components of the abrasive segment 1 can be different.

2 shows a grinding roller 2 with a cylindrical base body 28 which has a lateral surface 5 . Grinding segments 1 are fastened in a form-fitting manner to the lateral surface 5 .

The lateral surface 5 is provided with grooves 29 for receiving abrasive segments 1. The grooves 29 are dovetailed in design. The grinding segments 1 are fixed in the grooves 29 in a form-fitting manner.

A cover 53 is arranged on an end face 30 of the cylindrical base body 28 and has two openings 54. Two locking mechanisms 33 engage in these two openings in order to fix the plurality of grinding segments 1 in an axial direction.

Two cylindrical openings 31 for a tool holder 32 are arranged on an end face 30 of the cylindrical base body 28 . The cylindrical openings 31 can be arranged on one or both end faces 30 of the grinding roller 2 .

The number of cylindrical openings 31 is arbitrary. The exemplary embodiment in which the end face 30 comprises two eccentric cylindrical openings 31 is particularly preferred.

A locking mechanism 33 is arranged on one of the end faces 30 of the cylindrical base body 28 for locking the grinding segments 1 in place.

The grinding segments 1 are arranged radially outwards on the outer surface 5 . The distance 51 between the grinding segments is arbitrary. An equidistant arrangement of the grinding segments 1 is particularly preferred. The distance 51 between the grinding segments 1 should not be so large that the result of the removal process is impaired.

The grinding roller 2 can have a roller diameter in the range between 80 mm and 400 mm. The grinding roller 2 can have a roller length in the range between 50 mm and 800 mm.

Figure 3a shows a grinding machine 34 with a grinding roller and a rotary drive 35, with which one grinding roller 2 can be rotated in order to bring about a relative movement 36 of one abrasive layer 6 to the surface 25 of the workpiece 26 and/or the negative mold 27 to be machined.

A handle 35 is provided for guiding the grinder 34 manually. The handle 35 is provided with a grinding fluid feed 36 , the grinding fluid feed 36 being fixed on and/or in the handle 35 in such a way that the operator is not prevented from handling the grinding machine 34 .

The handle 35 can be designed for one-armed or two-armed operation.

Figure 3b shows a robot arm 37, at the end 38 of which a tool holder 32 of a grinding roller 2 is provided.

The tool holder 32 is provided with a grinding fluid feed 36 . In a further exemplary embodiment, however, this can also be mounted on the robot arm 37 or on another component of the grinding machine 34 .

If no grinding fluid supply 36 is necessary for the removal process, this can also be omitted entirely.

The grinding fluid 9 is passed on to the grinding roller 2 via the grinding fluid feed 36 .

Figure 4a shows the use of grinding segments 1, a grinding roller 2 or a grinding machine 34 for processing a surface 25 of a workpiece 26 that has been coated with a coating 39 to protect against environmental influences.

The workpiece 26 is inherently arbitrary in nature. Particularly preferred, however, is the use of the grinding segments 1, grinding roller 2 or the grinding machine 34 for the abrasive process on wings or fuselages 44 of an aircraft, rotor blades 45 of a wind turbine, parts of a ship or parts of a train. However, the workpiece 26 can also be formed from other extensive geometries 46 made of composite materials 47 .

A region 40 of the workpiece 26 adjoining the surface 25 to be machined consists at least partially of a carbon fiber 41 and/or glass fiber composite material 42.

Figure 4b shows a wax 43 coated surface 25 of a negative mold 27 for the production of a workpiece 26 (in Figure 4a evident).

It is used with the supply of a grinding fluid 9. If necessary, however, the supply of the grinding fluid 9 can be dispensed with.

figure 5 shows a grinding roller 2 before being equipped with grinding segments 1, The grooves 29, in which the grinding segments 1 are fixed in a form-fitting manner, have an angle in the range between 1° and 10°, particularly preferably between 2° and 3.5°, to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2, but can also be parallel to the longitudinal direction the grinding roller 2 can be arranged.

The longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2 is defined by the axial direction (axis of rotation) of the grinding roller 2 and is thus arranged normal to the rotating direction or a radial direction of the grinding roller 2 .

Two locking mechanisms 33 on the end face 30 can be seen on the left. The grooves 29 are continuous up to this facing side and end in front of an opposite side in order to enable a form fit of the grinding segments 1 (not shown for reasons of clarity) in the grinding roller 2 by terminating the grooves 29 .

In order to attach the grinding segments 1 to the grinding roller 2, the cover 53 is released from the locking mechanisms 33 via the openings 54 (for example by twisting). In figure 5 this disassembly has already taken place.

The grinding segments 1 are then inserted into the grooves 29 up to the end of the grooves 29 in order to subsequently attach the cover 53 again to the grinding roller 2 and to fix the grinding segments 1 in the longitudinal direction.

However, it is also possible according to the invention to use two covers 53 for fixing the grinding segments 1 and to dispense with the termination of the grooves 29 .

Claims (15)

1. An abrasive segment (1) for a grinding roller (2) including at least one carrier body (3) for positively lockingly fixing (4) the abrasive segment (1) to a peripheral surface (5) of the grinding roller (2) and at least one substantially flat abrasive layer (6), wherein the at least one abrasive layer (6) in a state of the abrasive segment (1) of being fixed to the grinding roller (2) is oriented substantially parallel to the peripheral surface (5) of the grinding roller (2), characterized in that arranged between the at least one carrier body (3) and the at least one abrasive layer (6) is at least one elastic intermediate layer (7).
2. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in claim 1, wherein arranged between the at least one carrier body (3) and the at least one abrasive layer (6) is at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) substantially comprising felt (8).
3. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is substantially comprising felt (8) or in the form of foamed material or in the form of plastic material and a thickness of the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is designed such that a grinding fluid (9), in particular water (10), can be stored and delivered therein, and/or the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is of an abrasive-free configuration.
4. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one carrier body (3) is substantially T-shaped in cross-section and/or is of such a configuration that the carrier body can be positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface (5) of the grinding roller (2) by way of a dovetail connection (12) and/or the at least one carrier body (3) includes at least one contact surface (13) at which the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is at least region-wise supported, preferably wherein the at least one contact surface (13) is oriented substantially parallel to the at least one flat abrasive layer (6) and/or the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is fixed with an adhesive layer (14) to the at least one carrier body (3) and/or to the at least one abrasive layer (6).
5. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is of a thickness (15), the thickness (15) being at least three times as great as a layer thickness (16) of the at least one abrasive layer (6).
6. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one abrasive layer (6) includes at least one abrasive (17), preferably diamond (18), cubic boron nitride (19), sintered corundum (52) and/or an abrasive (17) with zirconium corundum (20), aluminum oxide (21) and/or silicon carbide (22), preferably wherein the at least one abrasive (17) is of an abrasive grain size (18) between 50 µm and 745 µm and/or is embedded in at least one bonding agent (23), preferably a resin bonding agent (24), preferably wherein the abrasive layer (6) is arranged on a carrier layer (49).
7. A grinding roller (2) for machining a surface (25) of a workpiece (26) and/or a surface (25) of a negative form (27) for the production of the workpiece (26), wherein the grinding roller (2) has a substantially cylindrical main body (28) having a peripheral surface (5), characterized in that at least one abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of claims 1 through 6 is positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface (5).
8. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in claim 7, wherein the peripheral surface (5) is provided with at least one groove (29) for receiving at least one abrasive segment (1), preferably wherein the at least one groove (29) is of a substantially dovetail-shaped configuration and the at least one abrasive segment (1) is positively lockingly fixed therein, wherein it is preferably provided that the at least one groove (29) is arranged inclinedly relative to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller (2), preferably at an angle between 1° and 10°, particularly preferably at an angle between 2° and 3.5°.
9. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in claim 7 or 8, wherein arranged at at least one end (30) of the substantially cylindrical main body (28) is at least one, preferably substantially cylindrical, opening (31) for at least one tool receiving means (32), preferably wherein precisely two openings (31) are arranged at the at least one end (30).
10. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in at least one of claims 7 through 9, wherein at least one locking mechanism (33), at least one cover (53) and at least one opening (54), wherein the opening is arranged in the at least one cover (53) and the at least one locking mechanism (33) can be introduced into the at least one opening (54), for arresting the at least one abrasive segment (1) are arranged at at least one of the ends (30) of the substantially cylindrical main body (28).
11. A grinding machine (34) having at least one grinding roller (2) as set forth in one of claims 7 through 10 and at least one rotary drive (35) with which the at least one grinding roller (2) can be set in rotation to cause a relative movement (36) of the at least one abrasive layer (6) relative to the surface (25) to be machined of the workpiece (26) and/or the negative form (27).
12. The grinding machining (34) as set forth in claim 11, wherein there is provided at least one handle (35), preferably provided with at least one grinding fluid feed means (36), for manual guidance of the grinding machine (34) and/or there is provided at least one robot arm (37), arranged at the end (38) of which is at least one tool receiving means (32) of at least one grinding roller (2), preferably wherein the tool receiving means (32) is provided with at least one grinding fluid feed means (36).
13. Use of an abrasive segment (1) as set forth in one of claims 1 through 6 or a grinding roller (2) as set forth in one of claims 7 through 10 or a grinding machine (34) as set forth in one of claims 11 or 12 for machining a surface (25) of a workpiece (26), that is preferably provided with a coating (39) for protection from environmental influences, wherein it is preferably provided that at least one region (40) of the workpiece (26), that adjoins the surface (25) to be machined, comprises a carbon fiber (41) and/or glass fiber composite material (42) or a surface (25) that is preferably coated with wax (43) of a negative form (27) for the production of a workpiece (26) which preferably at least region-wise comprises a carbon fiber (41) and/or glass fiber composite material (42).
14. Use as set forth in claim 13, wherein the workpiece (26) is in the form of an airfoil or fuselage (44) of an aircraft, parts of a ship, parts of a train or in the form of a rotor blade (45) of a wind turbine.
15. Use as set forth in claim 13 or claim 14, wherein the use is implemented with the feed of a grinding fluid (9), preferably water (10), particularly preferably water mixed with soap (48).

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