CA3146003A1 - Abrasive segment for an abrasive roll, grinding machine and use - Google Patents
Abrasive segment for an abrasive roll, grinding machine and use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3146003A1 CA3146003A1 CA3146003A CA3146003A CA3146003A1 CA 3146003 A1 CA3146003 A1 CA 3146003A1 CA 3146003 A CA3146003 A CA 3146003A CA 3146003 A CA3146003 A CA 3146003A CA 3146003 A1 CA3146003 A1 CA 3146003A1
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- Prior art keywords
- abrasive
- grinding
- set forth
- layer
- grinding roller
- Prior art date
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- Pending
Links
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims description 169
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
- B24D13/02—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
- B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
- B24D13/147—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face comprising assemblies of felted or spongy material; comprising pads surrounded by a flexible material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D9/00—Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
- B24D9/04—Rigid drums for carrying flexible material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B24D99/005—Segments of abrasive wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
- B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an abrasive segment (1) for an abrasive roll (2), said abrasive segment comprising: at least one carrier body (3) for attaching (4) the abrasive segment (1) to a lateral surface (5) of the abrasive roll (2) in an interlocking manner; and at least one substantially planar abrasive layer (6), wherein the at least one abrasive layer (6) is oriented substantially parallel to the lateral surface (5) of the abrasive roll (2) in a state of the abrasive segment (1) in which it is attached to the abrasive roll (2), and at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is located between the at least one carrier body (3) and the at least one abrasive layer (6).
Description
Abrasive segment for an abrasive roll, grinding machine and use The present invention concerns an abrasive segment for a grinding roller including at least one carrier body for positively lockingly fixing the abrasive segment to a peripheral surface of the grinding roller and at least one substantially flat abrasive layer. The present invention further concerns a grinding roller for machining a surface of a workpiece and/or a surface of a negative form for the production of the workpiece, wherein the grinding roller has a substantially cylindrical main body having a peripheral surface.
The present invention further concerns a grinding machine having at least one grinding roller according to the invention including abrasive segments according to the invention and at least one rotary drive. The present invention moreover concerns a use of such an abrasive segment, such a grinding roller or such a grinding machine.
Such an abrasive segment is already known from the specification of DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul in which the abrasive is fixed on a support means with a hook and loop fastener strip in such a way that the abrasive layer is oriented in normal relationship with the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and upon contact of the abrasive segment with a workpiece the abrasive segment is elastically deformed in one direction.
A disadvantage with the state of the art in accordance with a first aspect is that the orientation of the abrasive layer in normal relationship with the peripheral surface of the grinding roller means that during rotation in the grinding process the removal rate is only limitedly effective as the force on the workpiece cannot be transmitted to the workpiece in the optimum fashion by elastic deformation of the abrasive segment.
Furthermore during the removal process the abrasive segment follows the contour and therefore does not substantially contribute to flattening of a surface of the workpiece.
The abrasive segment described in DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul is provided with an elastically deformable support means, in which respect this Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 preferably involves an elastically bendable material like a brush, a foam or some other suitable material.
A disadvantage with the state of the art in accordance with a second aspect is that the elastically bendable materials are adapted to the deformation during the grinding process but are not designed for a grinding fluid feed and/or grinding fluid storage.
In addition by virtue of the described support means it is only very limitedly possible to cater for relevant properties in the removal process like vibration damping, acoustic insulation, thermal protection, varying surface geometries and so forth.
Such a grinding roller is known from the specification of DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul that has mounted abrasive segments that are provided with an abrasive layer, being oriented in normal relationship to the peripheral surface.
A disadvantage with the state of the art is that material can be removed only in one direction of rotation without conversion of the fixed abrasive segments.
A grinding machine having abrasive segments is known from the specification of DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul, in which the abrasive segments are .. arranged in the grinding roller in such a way that the abrasive layer is oriented in normal relationship to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and thereby after fitment of the grinding roller the direction of rotation of the grinding roller is determined by the function of the abrasive layer.
A disadvantage there is that the orientation of the abrasive layer in normal relationship to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller means that during rotation in the grinding process, by virtue of the abrasive layer being oriented in normal relationship to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller, it is also not possible to generate in the direction of rotation that is solely possible for the grinding process an automatic advance which is preferably necessary for large workpieces with manual machining and in addition this does not permit a high removal rate.
The technical object according to the first aspect of the present invention is therefore to provide an abrasive segment which is improved over
The present invention further concerns a grinding machine having at least one grinding roller according to the invention including abrasive segments according to the invention and at least one rotary drive. The present invention moreover concerns a use of such an abrasive segment, such a grinding roller or such a grinding machine.
Such an abrasive segment is already known from the specification of DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul in which the abrasive is fixed on a support means with a hook and loop fastener strip in such a way that the abrasive layer is oriented in normal relationship with the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and upon contact of the abrasive segment with a workpiece the abrasive segment is elastically deformed in one direction.
A disadvantage with the state of the art in accordance with a first aspect is that the orientation of the abrasive layer in normal relationship with the peripheral surface of the grinding roller means that during rotation in the grinding process the removal rate is only limitedly effective as the force on the workpiece cannot be transmitted to the workpiece in the optimum fashion by elastic deformation of the abrasive segment.
Furthermore during the removal process the abrasive segment follows the contour and therefore does not substantially contribute to flattening of a surface of the workpiece.
The abrasive segment described in DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul is provided with an elastically deformable support means, in which respect this Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 preferably involves an elastically bendable material like a brush, a foam or some other suitable material.
A disadvantage with the state of the art in accordance with a second aspect is that the elastically bendable materials are adapted to the deformation during the grinding process but are not designed for a grinding fluid feed and/or grinding fluid storage.
In addition by virtue of the described support means it is only very limitedly possible to cater for relevant properties in the removal process like vibration damping, acoustic insulation, thermal protection, varying surface geometries and so forth.
Such a grinding roller is known from the specification of DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul that has mounted abrasive segments that are provided with an abrasive layer, being oriented in normal relationship to the peripheral surface.
A disadvantage with the state of the art is that material can be removed only in one direction of rotation without conversion of the fixed abrasive segments.
A grinding machine having abrasive segments is known from the specification of DE 20 2005 016 671 Ul, in which the abrasive segments are .. arranged in the grinding roller in such a way that the abrasive layer is oriented in normal relationship to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and thereby after fitment of the grinding roller the direction of rotation of the grinding roller is determined by the function of the abrasive layer.
A disadvantage there is that the orientation of the abrasive layer in normal relationship to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller means that during rotation in the grinding process, by virtue of the abrasive layer being oriented in normal relationship to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller, it is also not possible to generate in the direction of rotation that is solely possible for the grinding process an automatic advance which is preferably necessary for large workpieces with manual machining and in addition this does not permit a high removal rate.
The technical object according to the first aspect of the present invention is therefore to provide an abrasive segment which is improved over
2 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 the state of the art and in which the disadvantages of the state of the art are at least partially overcome and which is distinguished in particular by an abrasive layer which permits an increased material removal and the material removal by the abrasive segment also contributes to significant flattening of the workpiece surface.
The technical object of the second aspect is to provide an abrasive segment which ensures an effective grinding fluid feed and grinding fluid storage and which is matched to parameters relevant for the removal process like vibration, sound, heat, surface shape and so forth, wherein it is not necessary to dispense with convenient handling and/or a long service life and the grinding result is improved.
A further object according to a third aspect of the present invention is to provide a grinding roller which is improved over the state of the art and in which the disadvantages of the state of the art are at least partially overcome and which is distinguished in particular in that the grinding roller can be used in both directions of rotation that are relevant for the removal process.
A further object according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a grinding machine which is improved over the state of the art and in which the disadvantages of the state of the art are at least partially overcome and which is distinguished both by user-friendly handling in relation to large grinding rollers (from a roller length and/or a roller diameter of around 300 mm) and also by a high level of possible removal on the workpiece.
A further object according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is to provide a use of the abrasive segment, the grinding roller or the grinding machine, that is improved over the state of the art.
The object according to the first aspect is attained by the features of claim 1.
Accordingly it is provided according to the invention that the at least one abrasive layer in a state of the abrasive segment of being fixed to the grinding roller is oriented substantially parallel to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and at least one elastic intermediate layer is arranged between the at least one carrier body and the at least one abrasive layer.
The technical object of the second aspect is to provide an abrasive segment which ensures an effective grinding fluid feed and grinding fluid storage and which is matched to parameters relevant for the removal process like vibration, sound, heat, surface shape and so forth, wherein it is not necessary to dispense with convenient handling and/or a long service life and the grinding result is improved.
A further object according to a third aspect of the present invention is to provide a grinding roller which is improved over the state of the art and in which the disadvantages of the state of the art are at least partially overcome and which is distinguished in particular in that the grinding roller can be used in both directions of rotation that are relevant for the removal process.
A further object according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a grinding machine which is improved over the state of the art and in which the disadvantages of the state of the art are at least partially overcome and which is distinguished both by user-friendly handling in relation to large grinding rollers (from a roller length and/or a roller diameter of around 300 mm) and also by a high level of possible removal on the workpiece.
A further object according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is to provide a use of the abrasive segment, the grinding roller or the grinding machine, that is improved over the state of the art.
The object according to the first aspect is attained by the features of claim 1.
Accordingly it is provided according to the invention that the at least one abrasive layer in a state of the abrasive segment of being fixed to the grinding roller is oriented substantially parallel to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and at least one elastic intermediate layer is arranged between the at least one carrier body and the at least one abrasive layer.
3 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 By virtue thereof it is possible for the first time for the contact and thus also the transmission of force between the abrasive layer and the workpiece surface to be effected substantially normal to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller, wherein an increased removal rate on the workpiece (for example a negative form and the form parts thereof) is guaranteed as the abrasive segment can apply more pressure to the surface.
Furthermore the parallel orientation of the abrasive layer with respect to the peripheral surface ensures efficient leveling of the surface to be machined, wherein in particular residues are effectively dealt with and the surface is locally corrected to the factors in the surrounding area and flattened.
In particular after repair operations in negative forms by virtue of compensating materials unevenness and residues remain to an increased extent, and they can be effectively removed by that abrasive segment.
The term elastic (synonymous with compressible while retaining shape) means that the intermediate layer is compressible under the influence of a force and when a force is no longer applied the intermediate layer returns to its original shape again. That property achieves substantially two advantages, namely that the layer has a pressure-compensating effect and it deploys a damping action in the grinding process.
The object according to the second aspect is attained by the features of claim 2.
It is accordingly provided that arranged between the at least one carrier body and the at least one abrasive layer is at least one elastic intermediate layer which substantially comprises felt.
That makes it possible for the first time that, by virtue of the sponge-like nature, a structure in respect of the elastic intermediate layer can be afforded, which is suitable both for receiving and storing fluid and also delivering fluid in the optimum fashion for the removal process.
The elastic intermediate layer which substantially comprises felt means that the abrasive segment can be operated both in a dry grinding procedure and also using grinding fluid.
Furthermore the parallel orientation of the abrasive layer with respect to the peripheral surface ensures efficient leveling of the surface to be machined, wherein in particular residues are effectively dealt with and the surface is locally corrected to the factors in the surrounding area and flattened.
In particular after repair operations in negative forms by virtue of compensating materials unevenness and residues remain to an increased extent, and they can be effectively removed by that abrasive segment.
The term elastic (synonymous with compressible while retaining shape) means that the intermediate layer is compressible under the influence of a force and when a force is no longer applied the intermediate layer returns to its original shape again. That property achieves substantially two advantages, namely that the layer has a pressure-compensating effect and it deploys a damping action in the grinding process.
The object according to the second aspect is attained by the features of claim 2.
It is accordingly provided that arranged between the at least one carrier body and the at least one abrasive layer is at least one elastic intermediate layer which substantially comprises felt.
That makes it possible for the first time that, by virtue of the sponge-like nature, a structure in respect of the elastic intermediate layer can be afforded, which is suitable both for receiving and storing fluid and also delivering fluid in the optimum fashion for the removal process.
The elastic intermediate layer which substantially comprises felt means that the abrasive segment can be operated both in a dry grinding procedure and also using grinding fluid.
4 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 In addition the elastic properties of felt have a high compression elasticity and resilience whereby creases and wrinkles scarcely occur, which would be detrimental for the grinding process.
In addition felt is sound-insulating and provides efficient insulation in respect of heat, wherein those properties, in particular in use of the abrasive segment, provide both for more convenience in operation and also afford a better grinding result. In addition the cushioning afforded ensures protection from an excessively high mechanical loading on all the components involved like the abrasive layer, carrier body and/or workpiece.
Adaptation of the properties of the felt to the individual requirement of the surface to be machined can also be controlled by way of the density of the basic felt layer.
Added to that there is the positive property that even regions which are curved to differing degrees and/or regions of differing thickness can be simultaneously machined by virtue of the material-specific properties of felt without having in advance to influence the form of the curved regions and/or regions of differing thickness in regard to the configuration of the abrasive segment and without having to suffer a loss in removal rate. As a result the removal procedure also acts in particular in producing leveling of the surface.
Furthermore the abrasive segment with the elastic intermediate layer comprising felt affords the option of additionally dealing with special and challenging curved regions like for example convex or concave geometries without major cost or resources involvement insofar as the elastic intermediate layer of felt follows the curvature of the workpiece to be machined. The thickness of the elastic intermediate layer of felt can additionally vary in a thickness over at least a length of the abrasive segment.
The use of felt as the supporting elastic intermediate layer therefore affords the advantage that both the necessary pressure for effective removal of material is transmitted from the carrier element to the workpiece by way of the abrasive layer and also it is possible to pursue complex surfaces in contour.
In addition felt is sound-insulating and provides efficient insulation in respect of heat, wherein those properties, in particular in use of the abrasive segment, provide both for more convenience in operation and also afford a better grinding result. In addition the cushioning afforded ensures protection from an excessively high mechanical loading on all the components involved like the abrasive layer, carrier body and/or workpiece.
Adaptation of the properties of the felt to the individual requirement of the surface to be machined can also be controlled by way of the density of the basic felt layer.
Added to that there is the positive property that even regions which are curved to differing degrees and/or regions of differing thickness can be simultaneously machined by virtue of the material-specific properties of felt without having in advance to influence the form of the curved regions and/or regions of differing thickness in regard to the configuration of the abrasive segment and without having to suffer a loss in removal rate. As a result the removal procedure also acts in particular in producing leveling of the surface.
Furthermore the abrasive segment with the elastic intermediate layer comprising felt affords the option of additionally dealing with special and challenging curved regions like for example convex or concave geometries without major cost or resources involvement insofar as the elastic intermediate layer of felt follows the curvature of the workpiece to be machined. The thickness of the elastic intermediate layer of felt can additionally vary in a thickness over at least a length of the abrasive segment.
The use of felt as the supporting elastic intermediate layer therefore affords the advantage that both the necessary pressure for effective removal of material is transmitted from the carrier element to the workpiece by way of the abrasive layer and also it is possible to pursue complex surfaces in contour.
5 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 The vibration-insulating property of felt which can be adapted to the factors involved in the removal process by means of the specific composition permits user-friendly and convenient operation of the abrasive segment which due to the low specific density does not involve any substantial additional weight in terms of handling.
Added to this there is the positive property that the abrasive segment is exposed to less elastic deformation, and that results in an increase in service life or minimization of the wear phenomena. It is thus possible to dispense with frequently changing the felt layer and also the carrier body.
The object according to the third aspect is attained by the features of claim 9.
It is accordingly provided according to the invention that at least one such abrasive segment is positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface.
By virtue of that it is possible for the first time that the material-specific properties, that are conducive to the grinding process, of the elastic intermediate layer which is formed in particular from felt and can therefore ensure damping, sound insulation, pressure equalization, heat protection, fluid reception/storage/delivery and deformability can be utilized to the optimum extent in both directions of rotation.
The object according to the fourth aspect is attained by the features of claim 14.
Accordingly it is provided in accordance with the invention that the at least one grinding roller can be set in rotation with the at least one rotary drive in order to cause a relative movement of the at least one abrasive layer relative to the surface of the workpiece to be machined and/or the negative form.
As a result it is possible for the first time that the abrasive layer is oriented substantially parallel to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and both directions of rotation are provided with an automatic advance during the grinding process. That permits simple operation of grinding rollers with a length extent of up to 800 mm.
Added to this there is the positive property that the abrasive segment is exposed to less elastic deformation, and that results in an increase in service life or minimization of the wear phenomena. It is thus possible to dispense with frequently changing the felt layer and also the carrier body.
The object according to the third aspect is attained by the features of claim 9.
It is accordingly provided according to the invention that at least one such abrasive segment is positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface.
By virtue of that it is possible for the first time that the material-specific properties, that are conducive to the grinding process, of the elastic intermediate layer which is formed in particular from felt and can therefore ensure damping, sound insulation, pressure equalization, heat protection, fluid reception/storage/delivery and deformability can be utilized to the optimum extent in both directions of rotation.
The object according to the fourth aspect is attained by the features of claim 14.
Accordingly it is provided in accordance with the invention that the at least one grinding roller can be set in rotation with the at least one rotary drive in order to cause a relative movement of the at least one abrasive layer relative to the surface of the workpiece to be machined and/or the negative form.
As a result it is possible for the first time that the abrasive layer is oriented substantially parallel to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller and both directions of rotation are provided with an automatic advance during the grinding process. That permits simple operation of grinding rollers with a length extent of up to 800 mm.
6 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 The abrasive segments moreover, due to the elastic intermediate layer, ensure large-area contact and effective removal by the abrasive layer over the entire longitudinal extent of the grinding roller.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the appendant claims.
According to an advantageous configuration of the invention it is provided that the at least one elastic intermediate layer is such that a grinding fluid, in particular water, can be stored and delivered therein, and/or is of an abrasive-free configuration.
That provides a particularly advantageous cooperation of the initially abrasive-free workpiece surface and the abrasive layer in a wet grinding process, more specifically such that a grinding fluid stored in the elastic intermediate layer can issue during the removal process and grinding dust which is formed when grinding on the abrasive layer can be efficiently flushed away.
In addition the abrasive prevents increased heat generation and thus carefully treats both the abrasive layer and also the surface of the workpiece and/or the negative form.
In the case of workpieces and/or negative forms in which no grinding fluid is required in the removal process it is possible to eliminate additional cleaning operations for the user of the abrasive segment by virtue of the abrasive-free elastic intermediate layer.
Advantageously it is provided that the at least one carrier body is substantially T-shaped in cross-section and/or is of such a configuration that the carrier body can be positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller by way of a dovetail connection.
That permits a positively locking connection of the segment to a corresponding groove on a roller, in which the forces acting during the removal process are transmitted to a high degree to the more massive main body of the grinding roller by way of the carrier body.
The use of a dovetail connection affords the positively locking connection to a higher degree as fixing is effected not only in a direction
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the appendant claims.
According to an advantageous configuration of the invention it is provided that the at least one elastic intermediate layer is such that a grinding fluid, in particular water, can be stored and delivered therein, and/or is of an abrasive-free configuration.
That provides a particularly advantageous cooperation of the initially abrasive-free workpiece surface and the abrasive layer in a wet grinding process, more specifically such that a grinding fluid stored in the elastic intermediate layer can issue during the removal process and grinding dust which is formed when grinding on the abrasive layer can be efficiently flushed away.
In addition the abrasive prevents increased heat generation and thus carefully treats both the abrasive layer and also the surface of the workpiece and/or the negative form.
In the case of workpieces and/or negative forms in which no grinding fluid is required in the removal process it is possible to eliminate additional cleaning operations for the user of the abrasive segment by virtue of the abrasive-free elastic intermediate layer.
Advantageously it is provided that the at least one carrier body is substantially T-shaped in cross-section and/or is of such a configuration that the carrier body can be positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface of the grinding roller by way of a dovetail connection.
That permits a positively locking connection of the segment to a corresponding groove on a roller, in which the forces acting during the removal process are transmitted to a high degree to the more massive main body of the grinding roller by way of the carrier body.
The use of a dovetail connection affords the positively locking connection to a higher degree as fixing is effected not only in a direction
7 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 transversely to the dovetail connection but also in a perpendicular direction relative to the groove.
It is preferably provided in the longitudinal direction of the groove that the abrasive segment is fixed on the grinding roller by a constructive termination.
It has proven to be advantageous if the at least one carrier body includes at least one contact surface at which the at least one elastic intermediate layer is at least region-wise supported, preferably wherein the at least one contact surface is oriented substantially parallel to the at least one flat abrasive layer.
As the parallel orientation both of the abrasive layer and also the carrier body on the peripheral surface of the grinding roller is guaranteed by that arrangement the forces which are required for the removal process and occur during the removal process act to a high degree in the radial direction .. of the grinding roller. That is advantageous for an effective and careful removal process.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the at least one elastic intermediate layer is fixed with an adhesive layer to the at least one carrier body and/or to the at least one abrasive layer.
The adhesive layer as a bonding agent is on the one hand cost-effective and is adequate in function for demanding removal processes.
After the end of the service life of the carrier body, the elastic intermediate layer or the abrasive layer the worn parts can be quickly changed by the adhesive layer without requiring a large amount of material.
It has proven to be advantageous if the at least one elastic intermediate layer is of a thickness, the thickness being at least three times as great as a layer thickness of the at least one abrasive layer.
Particularly preferably the abrasive layer is of a layer thickness in the range of between 0.6 mm and 1.5 mm.
Preferably the elastic intermediate layer is of a thickness in the range of between 5 mm and 12 mm, particularly preferably in the range between
It is preferably provided in the longitudinal direction of the groove that the abrasive segment is fixed on the grinding roller by a constructive termination.
It has proven to be advantageous if the at least one carrier body includes at least one contact surface at which the at least one elastic intermediate layer is at least region-wise supported, preferably wherein the at least one contact surface is oriented substantially parallel to the at least one flat abrasive layer.
As the parallel orientation both of the abrasive layer and also the carrier body on the peripheral surface of the grinding roller is guaranteed by that arrangement the forces which are required for the removal process and occur during the removal process act to a high degree in the radial direction .. of the grinding roller. That is advantageous for an effective and careful removal process.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the at least one elastic intermediate layer is fixed with an adhesive layer to the at least one carrier body and/or to the at least one abrasive layer.
The adhesive layer as a bonding agent is on the one hand cost-effective and is adequate in function for demanding removal processes.
After the end of the service life of the carrier body, the elastic intermediate layer or the abrasive layer the worn parts can be quickly changed by the adhesive layer without requiring a large amount of material.
It has proven to be advantageous if the at least one elastic intermediate layer is of a thickness, the thickness being at least three times as great as a layer thickness of the at least one abrasive layer.
Particularly preferably the abrasive layer is of a layer thickness in the range of between 0.6 mm and 1.5 mm.
Preferably the elastic intermediate layer is of a thickness in the range of between 5 mm and 12 mm, particularly preferably in the range between
8 mm and 10 mm.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 That prevents contact occurring between the carrier bodies and the surface of the workpiece or the negative form when there are more severe surface unevennesses of the workpiece or the negative form.
In addition the elastic intermediate layer deploys the full extent of its positive material-specific aspects for the removal process, only as from a certain thickness.
An advantageous variant for the machining of surfaces of a workpiece or a negative form comprising composite material provides that the at least one abrasive layer includes at least one abrasive, preferably diamond, cubic boron nitride, sintered corundum and/or an abrasive with zirconium corundum, aluminum oxide and/or silicon carbide, preferably wherein the at least one abrasive is of an abrasive grain size between 50 1.1m and 745 1.1m and/or is embedded in at least one bonding agent, preferably a resin bonding agent, preferably wherein the abrasive layer is arranged on a carrier layer.
It is particularly preferred if the peripheral surface is provided with at least one groove for receiving at least one abrasive segment, preferably wherein the at least one groove is of a substantially dovetail-shaped configuration and the at least one abrasive segment is positively lockingly fixed therein.
In an embodiment it is provided that the at least one groove is arranged inclinedly relative to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller, preferably at an angle between 10 and 100, particularly preferably at an angle between 2 and 3.5 .
That ensures a particularly harmonic grinding process as both upon a first contact of the grinding roller with the workpiece and also during the grinding process preferential transmission of force of the at least one abrasive segment to the workpiece is effected and lower impact forces are generated.
In addition the angle of the at least one groove makes it possible that in a final phase of the grinding contact of a first abrasive segment a subsequent abrasive segment already comes into contact with the workpiece and that thereby affords a reduction in the times in which the workpiece is not in contact with the at least one grinding segment.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 That prevents contact occurring between the carrier bodies and the surface of the workpiece or the negative form when there are more severe surface unevennesses of the workpiece or the negative form.
In addition the elastic intermediate layer deploys the full extent of its positive material-specific aspects for the removal process, only as from a certain thickness.
An advantageous variant for the machining of surfaces of a workpiece or a negative form comprising composite material provides that the at least one abrasive layer includes at least one abrasive, preferably diamond, cubic boron nitride, sintered corundum and/or an abrasive with zirconium corundum, aluminum oxide and/or silicon carbide, preferably wherein the at least one abrasive is of an abrasive grain size between 50 1.1m and 745 1.1m and/or is embedded in at least one bonding agent, preferably a resin bonding agent, preferably wherein the abrasive layer is arranged on a carrier layer.
It is particularly preferred if the peripheral surface is provided with at least one groove for receiving at least one abrasive segment, preferably wherein the at least one groove is of a substantially dovetail-shaped configuration and the at least one abrasive segment is positively lockingly fixed therein.
In an embodiment it is provided that the at least one groove is arranged inclinedly relative to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller, preferably at an angle between 10 and 100, particularly preferably at an angle between 2 and 3.5 .
That ensures a particularly harmonic grinding process as both upon a first contact of the grinding roller with the workpiece and also during the grinding process preferential transmission of force of the at least one abrasive segment to the workpiece is effected and lower impact forces are generated.
In addition the angle of the at least one groove makes it possible that in a final phase of the grinding contact of a first abrasive segment a subsequent abrasive segment already comes into contact with the workpiece and that thereby affords a reduction in the times in which the workpiece is not in contact with the at least one grinding segment.
9 Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 Therefore the grinding result is improved by an inclined positioning of the at least one groove relative to the longitudinal direction of the grinding roller and the abrasive segments therein.
As the carrier bodies of the abrasive segments are of a substantially T-shaped configuration the at least one corresponding groove affords a force-locking connection for the abrasive segments at the peripheral surface of the grinding roller. A dovetail-shaped connection in that respect affords a secure and force-locking connection of the abrasive segment to the grinding roller in particular under high levels of stress in the removal process.
An embodiment of the invention provides that arranged at at least one end of the substantially cylindrical main body is at least one preferably substantially cylindrical opening for at least one tool receiving means, preferably wherein precisely two openings are arranged at the at least one end.
That achieves the effect that the grinding roller can be used as a tool for the most widely varying grinding machines or grinding robots.
This further permits a rapid change of grinding roller, grinding machine or grinding robot.
That is a relevant factor, in particular for reasons of time and cost, in the machining of large surfaces of the workpieces and/or negative forms.
Arranging the openings at the end makes it possible for the abrasive segments to be able to extend over the full lateral extent of the grinding roller.
If precisely two openings are arranged at the end that takes account of commercially usual tool receiving means.
In addition the force arm between the opening and the center point of the end makes it possible for tangentially acting forces in the removal process, caused by the rotation of the grinding roller and the relative movement between the abrasive segment and the surface, to be transmitted by way of the tool receiving means to the grinding machine or grinding robot and compensated, to a higher degree.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one locking mechanism, at least one cover and at least one Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 opening, wherein the opening is arranged in the at least one cover and the at least one locking mechanism can be introduced into the at least one opening, for arresting the at least one abrasive segment are arranged at at least one of the ends of the substantially cylindrical main body.
That ensures a more effective positively locking and force-locking relationship between the abrasive segment and the grinding roller.
In addition the arrangement at the end of the main body means that the arresting effect can already be effected in a user-friendly fashion after fitment has been effected to a grinding roller or a grinding robot.
Alternatively it is possible to provide at least one handle, preferably having at least one grinding fluid feed means, for manual guidance of the grinding machine.
The handle ensures convenient handling even for large heavy grinding rollers.
The abrasive layer is supplied with grinding fluid by means of the grinding fluid feed means, without a grinding fluid feed that has to be externally operated. That saves on unnecessary working steps in the removal process and also affords more convenient handling with the grinding machine or the grinding robot.
It is further preferably provided that there is provided at least one robot arm, arranged at the end of which is at least one tool receiving means of at least one grinding roller, preferably wherein the tool receiving means is provided with at least one grinding fluid feed means.
That makes it possible for the grinding roller to be used even on surfaces which are difficult to access of the workpiece or the negative form while in addition the abrasive layer is supplied with grinding fluid.
The object according to the fifth aspect is attained by the features of claim 16.
According to the invention there is provided the use of an above-described abrasive segment and/or an above-described grinding roller for machining a surface of a workpiece, that is preferably provided with a coating for protection from environmental influences, wherein it is preferably provided that at least one region of the workpiece, that adjoins the surface Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 to be machined, comprises a carbon fiber and/or glass fiber composite material or a surface that is preferably coated with wax of a negative form for the production of a workpiece which preferably at least region-wise comprises a carbon fiber and/or glass fiber composite material.
The uses referred to are effected in a particularly advantageous form for application to the workpiece which is in the form of an airfoil or fuselage of an aircraft, parts of ship, parts of a train or in the form of a rotor blade of a wind turbine.
The uses referred to are effected in a further particularly advantageous form with the feed of a grinding fluid, preferably water, particularly preferably water mixed with soap.
Further details and advantages of the present invention are described more fully hereinafter by means of the specific description with reference to the embodiments by way of example illustrated in the drawings in which:
Figure la shows an exploded view of an abrasive segment in its individual components according to a first preferred embodiment as a perspective view with a detail view of an abrasive layer, Figure lb shows an abrasive segment in its entirety according to a second preferred embodiment as a perspective view with a detail view of an elastic intermediate layer of felt, Figure 2 shows a grinding roller in its entirety as a perspective view according to a preferred embodiment with fitted abrasive segments in accordance with the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb, Figure 3a shows a grinding machine according to a first preferred embodiment in the form of a manually operable grinding machine with a fitted grinding roller in accordance with the embodiment shown in Figure 2 and included abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb as a side view, Figure 3b shows the grinding machine according to a second preferred embodiment in the form of a robot-controlled grinding machine having a fitted grinding roller according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 and included abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb as a side view, Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 Figure 4a shows the use of a grinding roller according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 with fitted abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb during the removal process on a workpiece as a side view, Figure 4b shows the use of a grinding roller according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 with fitted abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb during the removal process on a negative form as a side view, and Figure 5 shows a grinding roller according to a further preferred .. embodiment without abrasive segments as a view in a radial direction.
Figure la shows an abrasive segment 1 including a carrier body 3 and a flat abrasive layer 6, an elastic intermediate layer 7 being arranged between the abrasive layer 6 and the carrier body 3. For the sake of ease of viewing the drawing those components are separate in the view, but the components are connected together by the formation of the abrasive segment.
The carrier body 3 is T-shaped, wherein the T-shape includes a dovetail-shaped limb intended for a dovetail connection (see Figure 2) to provide the positively locking connection. The carrier body 3 in itself can be of any length. Lengths are preferred however which are suitable for the removal process of extensive surface geometries.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is of a cuboidal configuration. It can however also differ from that shape and/or can be adapted to specific surface geometries to be treated. By way of example the elastic intermediate layer 7 can be of a trapezoidal configuration.
The abrasive layer 6 is of a thickness 16, wherein the abrasive layer 6 includes an abrasive 17, preferably diamond 18, cubic boron nitride 19, sintered corundum 52 and/or an abrasive 17 with zirconium corundum 20, aluminum oxide 21 and/or silicon carbide 22.
The precise composition of the abrasive 17 and the abrasive grain size 18 however can be any desired composition. Particularly preferably the one abrasive 17 is of an abrasive grain size 18 of between 50 1.1m and 745 lam.
The abrasive 17 is held together by a bonding agent 23. Particularly Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 preferably the abrasive 17 is embedded in a resin bonding agent 24 but can also be embedded in another material as the bonding agent 23.
The abrasive layer 6 is arranged on a carrier layer 49. The carrier layer 49 can in itself be of any desired material and is also not absolutely necessary. The abrasive layer 6 can also be applied directly to the elastic intermediate layer 7. A carrier layer 49 of textile is however particularly preferred.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is fixed with an adhesive layer 14 to the carrier body 3 and/or to the abrasive layer 6. The adhesive layer 14 in that case can be applied over the entire surface area or only region-wise.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is of a thickness 15, the thickness 15 being a multiple larger than a layer thickness 16 of the abrasive layer 6.
Particularly preferably the thickness 15 is at least three times the layer thickness of the abrasive layer 6.
The abrasive layer 6 is applied to the carrier layer 49. The abrasive layer 6 can be applied to the carrier layer 49 over the entire surface area or only region-wise.
Figure lb shows an abrasive segment 1 with an elastic intermediate layer 7 comprising felt 8.
The carrier body 3 includes a contact surface 13 at which the elastic intermediate layer 7 is at least region-wise supported. The contact surface 13 is oriented parallel to the flat abrasive layer 6.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is of such a configuration that a grinding fluid, in particular water 10, can be stored therein and can be delivered, and/or it is of an abrasive-free nature.
The elastic intermediate layer 7, the contact surface 13 and the abrasive layer 6 are oriented substantially parallel and are at an angle of substantially 900 relative to a radial direction of a grinding roller 2 (not shown for the sake of clarity).
The grinding fluid 9 can be of any desired composition. Particularly preferably a water 10 mixed with soap 48 is present in the grinding fluid 9.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 The grinding fluid 9 is stored in the fibers 50 of the felt 8 and penetrates between the fibers 50 of the felt 8 upon delivery of the grinding fluid 9 to the abrasive layer 6.
In general the elastic intermediate layer 7 can also be in the form of foams or plastics. In that case the thicknesses of the individual components of the abrasive segment 1 can be different.
Figure 2 shows a grinding roller 2 with a cylindrical main body 28 having a peripheral surface 5. Abrasive segments 1 are fixed in positively locking relationship on the peripheral surface 5.
The peripheral surface 5 is provided with grooves 29 for receiving abrasive segments 1. In this design the grooves 29 are of a dovetail-shaped configuration. The abrasive segments 1 are positively lockingly fixed in the grooves 29.
A cover 53 is arranged at an end 30 of the cylindrical main body 28 and has two openings 54. Two locking mechanisms 33 engage into those two openings in order to fix the plurality of abrasive segments 1 in an axial direction.
Two cylindrical openings 31 for a tool receiving means 32 are arranged at an end 30 of the cylindrcial main body 28. The cylindrical openings 31 can be arranged at one or at both ends 30 of the grinding roller 2.
The cylindrical openings 31 in themselves can be present in any desired number. A particularly preferred embodiment is that in which the end 30 includes two eccentric cylindrical openings 31.
A locking mechanism 33 is arranged at one of the ends 30 of the cylindrical main body 28 for arresting the abrasive segments 1.
The abrasive segments 1 are arranged radially outwardly on the peripheral surface 5. The abrasive segments can be spaced at any desired spacing as indicated at 51. An equidistant arrangement of the abrasive segments 1 is particularly preferred. The spacing 51 between the abrasive segments 1 should not be selected to be so large that the result of the removal process is adversely affected.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 The grinding roller 2 can be of a roller diameter in the range of between 80 mm and 400 mm. The grinding roller 2 can be of a roller length in the range of between 50 mm and 800 mm.
Figure 3a shows a grinding machine 34 having a grinding roller and a rotary drive 35 with which the one grinding roller 2 can be set in rotation in order to produce a relative movement 36 of the one abrasive layer 6 relative to the surface 25 to be machined on the workpiece 26 and/or the negative form 27.
There is a handle 35 for manual guidance of the grinding machine 34.
The handle 35 is provided with a grinding fluid feed means 36, wherein the grinding fluid feed means 36 is fixed on and/or in the handle 35 in such a way that the operator is not impeded in handling the grinding machine 34.
The handle 35 can be designed for one-arm or two-arm operation.
Figure 3b shows a robot arm 37, at the end 38 of which there is provided a tool receiving means 32 of a grinding roller 2.
The tool receiving means 32 is provided with a grinding fluid feed means 36. In a further embodiment however that can also be mounted to the robot arm 37 or another component of the grinding machine 34. If no grinding fluid feed means 36 is needed for the removal process it can also be entirely eliminated.
The grinding fluid 9 is passed further to the grinding roller 2 by way of the grinding fluid feed means 36.
Figure 4a shows the use of abrasive segments 1, a grinding roller 2 or a grinding machine 34 for machining a surface 25 of a workpiece 26, that is coated with a coating 39 to give protection from environmental influences.
The workpiece 26 can in itself be of any nature. Use of the abrasive segments 1, grinding roller 2 or the grinding machine 3 for the abrasive procedure on airfoils or fuselages 44 of an aircraft, rotor blades 45 of a wind turbine, parts of a ship or parts of a train is however particularly preferred.
The workpiece 26 however can also be formed from other extensive geometries 46 comprising composite materials 47.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 A region 40 of the workpiece 26, that adjoins the surface 25 to be machined, at least partially comprises a carbon fiber composite material 41 and/or a glass fiber composite material 42.
Figure 4b shows a surface 25, coated with wax 43, of a negative form 27 for the production of a workpiece 26 (shown in Figure 4a).
The use is effected with the feed of a grinding fluid 9. It is optionally also possible however to dispense with the feed of the grinding fluid 9.
Figure 5 shows a grinding roller 2 before being fitted with abrasive segments 1.
The grooves 29 in which the abrasive segments 1 are fixed in positively locking relationship are at an angle in the range of between 10 and 100, particularly preferably between 2 and 3.5 , relative to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2, but can also be arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2.
The longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2 is defined by the axial direction (axis of rotation) of the grinding roller 2 and is thus normal to the direction of rotation or a radial direction of the grinding roller 2.
Two locking mechanisms 33 can be seen at the end 30 at the left. The grooves 29 are continuous as far as that facing side and terminate before an opposite side in order to permit a positively locking connection of the abrasive segments 1 (not shown for the sake of clarity) in the grinding roller 2 by a termination of the grooves 29.
In order to fix the abrasive segments 1 to the grinding roller 2 the cover 53 over the openings 54 is released by the locking mechanism 33 (for example by rotation). That removal has already occurred in Figure 5.
Then the abrasive segments 1 are introduced into the grooves 29 as far as the end thereof in order subsequently to again fix the cover 53 on the grinding roller 2 and to secure the abrasive segments 1 in the longitudinal direction.
It is however also possible in accordance with the invention to use two covers 53 for fixing the abrasive segments 1 and to dispense with the termination configuration of the grooves 29.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05
As the carrier bodies of the abrasive segments are of a substantially T-shaped configuration the at least one corresponding groove affords a force-locking connection for the abrasive segments at the peripheral surface of the grinding roller. A dovetail-shaped connection in that respect affords a secure and force-locking connection of the abrasive segment to the grinding roller in particular under high levels of stress in the removal process.
An embodiment of the invention provides that arranged at at least one end of the substantially cylindrical main body is at least one preferably substantially cylindrical opening for at least one tool receiving means, preferably wherein precisely two openings are arranged at the at least one end.
That achieves the effect that the grinding roller can be used as a tool for the most widely varying grinding machines or grinding robots.
This further permits a rapid change of grinding roller, grinding machine or grinding robot.
That is a relevant factor, in particular for reasons of time and cost, in the machining of large surfaces of the workpieces and/or negative forms.
Arranging the openings at the end makes it possible for the abrasive segments to be able to extend over the full lateral extent of the grinding roller.
If precisely two openings are arranged at the end that takes account of commercially usual tool receiving means.
In addition the force arm between the opening and the center point of the end makes it possible for tangentially acting forces in the removal process, caused by the rotation of the grinding roller and the relative movement between the abrasive segment and the surface, to be transmitted by way of the tool receiving means to the grinding machine or grinding robot and compensated, to a higher degree.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one locking mechanism, at least one cover and at least one Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 opening, wherein the opening is arranged in the at least one cover and the at least one locking mechanism can be introduced into the at least one opening, for arresting the at least one abrasive segment are arranged at at least one of the ends of the substantially cylindrical main body.
That ensures a more effective positively locking and force-locking relationship between the abrasive segment and the grinding roller.
In addition the arrangement at the end of the main body means that the arresting effect can already be effected in a user-friendly fashion after fitment has been effected to a grinding roller or a grinding robot.
Alternatively it is possible to provide at least one handle, preferably having at least one grinding fluid feed means, for manual guidance of the grinding machine.
The handle ensures convenient handling even for large heavy grinding rollers.
The abrasive layer is supplied with grinding fluid by means of the grinding fluid feed means, without a grinding fluid feed that has to be externally operated. That saves on unnecessary working steps in the removal process and also affords more convenient handling with the grinding machine or the grinding robot.
It is further preferably provided that there is provided at least one robot arm, arranged at the end of which is at least one tool receiving means of at least one grinding roller, preferably wherein the tool receiving means is provided with at least one grinding fluid feed means.
That makes it possible for the grinding roller to be used even on surfaces which are difficult to access of the workpiece or the negative form while in addition the abrasive layer is supplied with grinding fluid.
The object according to the fifth aspect is attained by the features of claim 16.
According to the invention there is provided the use of an above-described abrasive segment and/or an above-described grinding roller for machining a surface of a workpiece, that is preferably provided with a coating for protection from environmental influences, wherein it is preferably provided that at least one region of the workpiece, that adjoins the surface Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 to be machined, comprises a carbon fiber and/or glass fiber composite material or a surface that is preferably coated with wax of a negative form for the production of a workpiece which preferably at least region-wise comprises a carbon fiber and/or glass fiber composite material.
The uses referred to are effected in a particularly advantageous form for application to the workpiece which is in the form of an airfoil or fuselage of an aircraft, parts of ship, parts of a train or in the form of a rotor blade of a wind turbine.
The uses referred to are effected in a further particularly advantageous form with the feed of a grinding fluid, preferably water, particularly preferably water mixed with soap.
Further details and advantages of the present invention are described more fully hereinafter by means of the specific description with reference to the embodiments by way of example illustrated in the drawings in which:
Figure la shows an exploded view of an abrasive segment in its individual components according to a first preferred embodiment as a perspective view with a detail view of an abrasive layer, Figure lb shows an abrasive segment in its entirety according to a second preferred embodiment as a perspective view with a detail view of an elastic intermediate layer of felt, Figure 2 shows a grinding roller in its entirety as a perspective view according to a preferred embodiment with fitted abrasive segments in accordance with the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb, Figure 3a shows a grinding machine according to a first preferred embodiment in the form of a manually operable grinding machine with a fitted grinding roller in accordance with the embodiment shown in Figure 2 and included abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb as a side view, Figure 3b shows the grinding machine according to a second preferred embodiment in the form of a robot-controlled grinding machine having a fitted grinding roller according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 and included abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb as a side view, Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 Figure 4a shows the use of a grinding roller according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 with fitted abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb during the removal process on a workpiece as a side view, Figure 4b shows the use of a grinding roller according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 with fitted abrasive segments according to the embodiment shown in Figure la or Figure lb during the removal process on a negative form as a side view, and Figure 5 shows a grinding roller according to a further preferred .. embodiment without abrasive segments as a view in a radial direction.
Figure la shows an abrasive segment 1 including a carrier body 3 and a flat abrasive layer 6, an elastic intermediate layer 7 being arranged between the abrasive layer 6 and the carrier body 3. For the sake of ease of viewing the drawing those components are separate in the view, but the components are connected together by the formation of the abrasive segment.
The carrier body 3 is T-shaped, wherein the T-shape includes a dovetail-shaped limb intended for a dovetail connection (see Figure 2) to provide the positively locking connection. The carrier body 3 in itself can be of any length. Lengths are preferred however which are suitable for the removal process of extensive surface geometries.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is of a cuboidal configuration. It can however also differ from that shape and/or can be adapted to specific surface geometries to be treated. By way of example the elastic intermediate layer 7 can be of a trapezoidal configuration.
The abrasive layer 6 is of a thickness 16, wherein the abrasive layer 6 includes an abrasive 17, preferably diamond 18, cubic boron nitride 19, sintered corundum 52 and/or an abrasive 17 with zirconium corundum 20, aluminum oxide 21 and/or silicon carbide 22.
The precise composition of the abrasive 17 and the abrasive grain size 18 however can be any desired composition. Particularly preferably the one abrasive 17 is of an abrasive grain size 18 of between 50 1.1m and 745 lam.
The abrasive 17 is held together by a bonding agent 23. Particularly Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 preferably the abrasive 17 is embedded in a resin bonding agent 24 but can also be embedded in another material as the bonding agent 23.
The abrasive layer 6 is arranged on a carrier layer 49. The carrier layer 49 can in itself be of any desired material and is also not absolutely necessary. The abrasive layer 6 can also be applied directly to the elastic intermediate layer 7. A carrier layer 49 of textile is however particularly preferred.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is fixed with an adhesive layer 14 to the carrier body 3 and/or to the abrasive layer 6. The adhesive layer 14 in that case can be applied over the entire surface area or only region-wise.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is of a thickness 15, the thickness 15 being a multiple larger than a layer thickness 16 of the abrasive layer 6.
Particularly preferably the thickness 15 is at least three times the layer thickness of the abrasive layer 6.
The abrasive layer 6 is applied to the carrier layer 49. The abrasive layer 6 can be applied to the carrier layer 49 over the entire surface area or only region-wise.
Figure lb shows an abrasive segment 1 with an elastic intermediate layer 7 comprising felt 8.
The carrier body 3 includes a contact surface 13 at which the elastic intermediate layer 7 is at least region-wise supported. The contact surface 13 is oriented parallel to the flat abrasive layer 6.
The elastic intermediate layer 7 is of such a configuration that a grinding fluid, in particular water 10, can be stored therein and can be delivered, and/or it is of an abrasive-free nature.
The elastic intermediate layer 7, the contact surface 13 and the abrasive layer 6 are oriented substantially parallel and are at an angle of substantially 900 relative to a radial direction of a grinding roller 2 (not shown for the sake of clarity).
The grinding fluid 9 can be of any desired composition. Particularly preferably a water 10 mixed with soap 48 is present in the grinding fluid 9.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 The grinding fluid 9 is stored in the fibers 50 of the felt 8 and penetrates between the fibers 50 of the felt 8 upon delivery of the grinding fluid 9 to the abrasive layer 6.
In general the elastic intermediate layer 7 can also be in the form of foams or plastics. In that case the thicknesses of the individual components of the abrasive segment 1 can be different.
Figure 2 shows a grinding roller 2 with a cylindrical main body 28 having a peripheral surface 5. Abrasive segments 1 are fixed in positively locking relationship on the peripheral surface 5.
The peripheral surface 5 is provided with grooves 29 for receiving abrasive segments 1. In this design the grooves 29 are of a dovetail-shaped configuration. The abrasive segments 1 are positively lockingly fixed in the grooves 29.
A cover 53 is arranged at an end 30 of the cylindrical main body 28 and has two openings 54. Two locking mechanisms 33 engage into those two openings in order to fix the plurality of abrasive segments 1 in an axial direction.
Two cylindrical openings 31 for a tool receiving means 32 are arranged at an end 30 of the cylindrcial main body 28. The cylindrical openings 31 can be arranged at one or at both ends 30 of the grinding roller 2.
The cylindrical openings 31 in themselves can be present in any desired number. A particularly preferred embodiment is that in which the end 30 includes two eccentric cylindrical openings 31.
A locking mechanism 33 is arranged at one of the ends 30 of the cylindrical main body 28 for arresting the abrasive segments 1.
The abrasive segments 1 are arranged radially outwardly on the peripheral surface 5. The abrasive segments can be spaced at any desired spacing as indicated at 51. An equidistant arrangement of the abrasive segments 1 is particularly preferred. The spacing 51 between the abrasive segments 1 should not be selected to be so large that the result of the removal process is adversely affected.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 The grinding roller 2 can be of a roller diameter in the range of between 80 mm and 400 mm. The grinding roller 2 can be of a roller length in the range of between 50 mm and 800 mm.
Figure 3a shows a grinding machine 34 having a grinding roller and a rotary drive 35 with which the one grinding roller 2 can be set in rotation in order to produce a relative movement 36 of the one abrasive layer 6 relative to the surface 25 to be machined on the workpiece 26 and/or the negative form 27.
There is a handle 35 for manual guidance of the grinding machine 34.
The handle 35 is provided with a grinding fluid feed means 36, wherein the grinding fluid feed means 36 is fixed on and/or in the handle 35 in such a way that the operator is not impeded in handling the grinding machine 34.
The handle 35 can be designed for one-arm or two-arm operation.
Figure 3b shows a robot arm 37, at the end 38 of which there is provided a tool receiving means 32 of a grinding roller 2.
The tool receiving means 32 is provided with a grinding fluid feed means 36. In a further embodiment however that can also be mounted to the robot arm 37 or another component of the grinding machine 34. If no grinding fluid feed means 36 is needed for the removal process it can also be entirely eliminated.
The grinding fluid 9 is passed further to the grinding roller 2 by way of the grinding fluid feed means 36.
Figure 4a shows the use of abrasive segments 1, a grinding roller 2 or a grinding machine 34 for machining a surface 25 of a workpiece 26, that is coated with a coating 39 to give protection from environmental influences.
The workpiece 26 can in itself be of any nature. Use of the abrasive segments 1, grinding roller 2 or the grinding machine 3 for the abrasive procedure on airfoils or fuselages 44 of an aircraft, rotor blades 45 of a wind turbine, parts of a ship or parts of a train is however particularly preferred.
The workpiece 26 however can also be formed from other extensive geometries 46 comprising composite materials 47.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05 A region 40 of the workpiece 26, that adjoins the surface 25 to be machined, at least partially comprises a carbon fiber composite material 41 and/or a glass fiber composite material 42.
Figure 4b shows a surface 25, coated with wax 43, of a negative form 27 for the production of a workpiece 26 (shown in Figure 4a).
The use is effected with the feed of a grinding fluid 9. It is optionally also possible however to dispense with the feed of the grinding fluid 9.
Figure 5 shows a grinding roller 2 before being fitted with abrasive segments 1.
The grooves 29 in which the abrasive segments 1 are fixed in positively locking relationship are at an angle in the range of between 10 and 100, particularly preferably between 2 and 3.5 , relative to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2, but can also be arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2.
The longitudinal direction of the grinding roller 2 is defined by the axial direction (axis of rotation) of the grinding roller 2 and is thus normal to the direction of rotation or a radial direction of the grinding roller 2.
Two locking mechanisms 33 can be seen at the end 30 at the left. The grooves 29 are continuous as far as that facing side and terminate before an opposite side in order to permit a positively locking connection of the abrasive segments 1 (not shown for the sake of clarity) in the grinding roller 2 by a termination of the grooves 29.
In order to fix the abrasive segments 1 to the grinding roller 2 the cover 53 over the openings 54 is released by the locking mechanism 33 (for example by rotation). That removal has already occurred in Figure 5.
Then the abrasive segments 1 are introduced into the grooves 29 as far as the end thereof in order subsequently to again fix the cover 53 on the grinding roller 2 and to secure the abrasive segments 1 in the longitudinal direction.
It is however also possible in accordance with the invention to use two covers 53 for fixing the abrasive segments 1 and to dispense with the termination configuration of the grooves 29.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-01-05
Claims (19)
1. An abrasive segment (1) for a grinding roller (2) including at least one carrier body (3) for positively lockingly fixing the abrasive segment (1) to a peripheral surface (5) of the grinding roller (2) and at least one substantially flat abrasive layer (6), characterized in that the at least one abrasive layer (6) in a state of the abrasive segment (1) of being fixed to the grinding roller (2) is oriented substantially parallel to the peripheral surface (5) of the grinding roller (2) and at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is arranged between the at least one carrier body (3) and the at least one abrasive layer (6).
2. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in claim 1 wherein arranged between the at least one carrier body (3) and the at least one abrasive layer (6) is at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) substantially comprising felt (8).
3. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is such that a grinding fluid (9), in particular water (10), can be stored and delivered therein, and/or is of an abrasive-free configuration.
4. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one carrier body (3) is substantially T-shaped in cross-section and/or is of such a configuration that the carrier body can be positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface (5) of the grinding roller (2) by way of a dovetail connection (12).
5. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one carrier body (3) includes at least one contact surface (13) at which the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is at least region-wise supported, preferably wherein the at least one contact surface (13) is oriented substantially parallel to the at least one flat abrasive layer (6).
6. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is fixed with an adhesive layer (14) to the at least one carrier body (3) and/or to the at least one abrasive layer (6).
7. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one elastic intermediate layer (7) is of a thickness (15), the thickness (15) being at least three times as great as a layer thickness (16) of the at least one abrasive layer (6).
8. The abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one abrasive layer (6) includes at least one abrasive (17), preferably diamond (18), cubic boron nitride (19), sintered corundum (52) and/or an abrasive (17) with zirconium corundum (20), aluminum oxide (21) and/or silicon carbide (22), preferably wherein the at least one abrasive (17) is of an abrasive grain size (18) between 50 lim and 745 lim and/or is embedded in at least one bonding agent (23), preferably a resin bonding agent (24), preferably wherein the abrasive layer (6) is arranged on a carrier layer (49).
9. A grinding roller (2) for machining a surface (25) of a workpiece (26) and/or a surface (25) of a negative form (27) for the production of the workpiece (26), wherein the grinding roller (2) has a substantially cylindrical main body (28) having a peripheral surface (5), characterized in that at least one abrasive segment (1) as set forth in at least one of claims 1 through 8 is positively lockingly fixed to the peripheral surface (5).
10. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in claim 9 wherein the peripheral surface (5) is provided with at least one groove (29) for receiving at least one abrasive segment (1), preferably wherein the at least one groove (29) is of a substantially dovetail-shaped configuration and the at least one abrasive segment (1) is positively lockingly fixed therein.
11. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in claim 10 wherein the at least one groove (29) is arranged inclinedly relative to a longitudinal direction of the grinding roller (2), preferably at an angle between 1 and 100, particularly preferably at an angle between 2 and 3.5 .
12. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in at least one of claims 9 through 11 wherein arranged at at least one end (30) of the substantially cylindrical main body (28) is at least one preferably substantially cylindrical opening (31) for at least one tool receiving means (32), preferably wherein precisely two openings (31) are arranged at the at least one end (30).
13. The grinding roller (2) as set forth in at least one of claims 9 through 12 wherein at least one locking mechanism (33), at least one cover (53) and at least one opening (54), wherein the opening is arranged in the at least one cover (53) and the at least one locking mechanism (33) can be introduced into the at least one opening (54), for arresting the at least one abrasive segment (1) are arranged at at least one of the ends (30) of the substantially cylindrical main body (28).
14. A grinding machine (34) having at least one grinding roller (2) as set forth in one of claims 9 through 13 and at least one rotary drive (35) with which the at least one grinding roller (2) can be set in rotation to cause a relative movement (36) of the at least one abrasive layer (6) relative to the surface (25) to be machined of the workpiece (26) or the negative form (27).
15. The grinding machining (34) as set forth in claim 14 wherein there is provided at least one handle (35), preferably provided with at least one grinding fluid feed means (36), for manual guidance of the grinding machine (34).
16. The grinding machine (34) as set forth in claim 14 or claim 15 wherein there is provided at least one robot arm (37), arranged at the end (38) of which is at least one tool receiving means (32) of at least one grinding roller (2), preferably wherein the tool receiving means (32) is provided with at least one grinding fluid feed means (36).
17. Use of an abrasive segment (1) as set forth in one of claims 1 through 8 or a grinding roller (2) as set forth in one of claims 9 through 13 or a grinding machine (34) as set forth in one of claims 14 through 16 for machining a surface (25) of a workpiece (26), that is preferably provided with a coating (39) for protection from environmental influences, wherein it is preferably provided that at least one region (40) of the workpiece (26), that adjoins the surface (25) to be machined, comprises a carbon fiber (41) and/or glass fiber composite material (42) or a surface (25) that is preferably coated with wax (43) of a negative form (27) for the production of a workpiece (26) which preferably at least region-wise comprises a carbon fiber (41) and/or glass fiber composite material (42).
18. Use as set forth in claim 17 wherein the workpiece (26) is in the form of an airfoil or fuselage (44) of an aircraft, parts of a ship, parts of a train or in the form of a rotor blade (45) of a wind turbine.
19. Use as set forth in claim 17 or claim 18 wherein the use is implemented with the feed of a grinding fluid (9), preferably water (10), particularly preferably water mixed with soap (48).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50642/2019A AT522810B1 (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2019-07-16 | Grinding segment for a grinding roller |
| ATA50642/2019 | 2019-07-16 | ||
| PCT/AT2020/060266 WO2021007603A1 (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2020-07-09 | Abrasive segment for an abrasive roll, grinding machine, and use |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA3146003A1 true CA3146003A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
Family
ID=71661597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA3146003A Pending CA3146003A1 (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2020-07-09 | Abrasive segment for an abrasive roll, grinding machine and use |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220134511A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3999282B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114173994A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT522810B1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112022000001A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3146003A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK3999282T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2941624T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021007603A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11373963B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2022-06-28 | Invensas Bonding Technologies, Inc. | Protective elements for bonded structures |
| US11205625B2 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-12-21 | Invensas Bonding Technologies, Inc. | Wafer-level bonding of obstructive elements |
| AT524747B1 (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2022-11-15 | Tyrolit Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski Kg | Distance device for a grinding roller |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2000611A (en) * | 1934-03-12 | 1935-05-07 | Maurice N Prange | Abrasive stone holder |
| US2067089A (en) * | 1934-05-22 | 1937-01-05 | Carborundum Co | Yieldably mounted abrasive elements |
| FR1477309A (en) * | 1966-04-26 | 1967-04-14 | Carborundum Co | Improvements to abrasive cutting wheels |
| DE2543275C3 (en) * | 1975-05-16 | 1979-11-08 | Diamant Boart S.A., Bruessel | Circumferential segment grinding wheel |
| JP3445229B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2003-09-08 | 株式会社ティ・ケー・エックス | Cylindrical whetstone |
| US7235296B2 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2007-06-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Co. | Formulations for coated diamond abrasive slurries |
| US7195549B2 (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2007-03-27 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Drum grinding wheel |
| DE202005016671U1 (en) | 2005-10-23 | 2005-12-22 | Mb Maschinenbau Gmbh | Grinding segment for rotatable grinding wheel, has adhesive tape fastened on to supporting device by gluing, where replacement of grinding component fastened with backing material by gluing is ensured by adhesive tape |
| AT511967B1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-04-15 | Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif | GRINDING TOOL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
-
2019
- 2019-07-16 AT ATA50642/2019A patent/AT522810B1/en active
-
2020
- 2020-07-09 WO PCT/AT2020/060266 patent/WO2021007603A1/en unknown
- 2020-07-09 CN CN202080051304.4A patent/CN114173994A/en active Pending
- 2020-07-09 BR BR112022000001A patent/BR112022000001A2/en unknown
- 2020-07-09 CA CA3146003A patent/CA3146003A1/en active Pending
- 2020-07-09 DK DK20742152.0T patent/DK3999282T3/en active
- 2020-07-09 ES ES20742152T patent/ES2941624T3/en active Active
- 2020-07-09 EP EP20742152.0A patent/EP3999282B1/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-01-12 US US17/574,112 patent/US20220134511A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20220134511A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
| EP3999282A1 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
| AT522810A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 |
| ES2941624T3 (en) | 2023-05-24 |
| EP3999282B1 (en) | 2023-02-22 |
| CN114173994A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
| WO2021007603A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
| DK3999282T3 (en) | 2023-05-01 |
| BR112022000001A2 (en) | 2022-05-24 |
| AT522810B1 (en) | 2023-02-15 |
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