EP3983203A1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant la fabrication de pièces mises en forme en 3d par la technique d'impression par couches et au moyen d'un « recoater » à obturation par dépression - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant la fabrication de pièces mises en forme en 3d par la technique d'impression par couches et au moyen d'un « recoater » à obturation par dépression

Info

Publication number
EP3983203A1
EP3983203A1 EP20743056.2A EP20743056A EP3983203A1 EP 3983203 A1 EP3983203 A1 EP 3983203A1 EP 20743056 A EP20743056 A EP 20743056A EP 3983203 A1 EP3983203 A1 EP 3983203A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coater
fluid
negative pressure
vibrations
outlet opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20743056.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bastian HEYMEL
Martin Sinzinger
Tobias LACHENMAIR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voxeljet AG
Original Assignee
Voxeljet AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voxeljet AG filed Critical Voxeljet AG
Publication of EP3983203A1 publication Critical patent/EP3983203A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/52—Hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/214—Doctor blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/35—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
    • B29C64/371—Conditioning of environment using an environment other than air, e.g. inert gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing three-dimensional models by means of layer construction technology and a coater with a vacuum seal.
  • the European patent specification EP 0 431 924 B1 describes a method for producing three-dimensional objects from computer data.
  • a particulate material is applied in a thin layer by means of a coater (recoater) to a construction platform and the particulate material (generally fluid) is selectively printed with a binder material by means of a print head.
  • the particle area printed with the binder adheres and solidifies under the influence of the binder and possibly an additional hardener.
  • the building platform is then lowered by a layer thickness in a building cylinder and provided with a new layer of particulate material, which is also printed as described above. These steps are repeated until a certain, desired height of the object is reached.
  • a three-dimensional object (molded part) is created from the printed and solidified areas.
  • This object made of solidified particulate material is embedded in loose particulate material after its completion and is then freed from it. This is done for example by means of a suction device. What remains are the desired objects, which are then freed from the residual powder, for example by brushing off.
  • 3D printing devices used in 3D printing processes the supply of particulate material to the construction platform is carried out with a coater that can have a controllable opening.
  • the application opening can have one or more oscillating blades adjacent and the 3D printing device can be equipped with a mechanism for generating oscillations, whereby a controlled release of the fluid by means of the oscillations generated becomes possible.
  • the opening of the coater is closed by the formation of a cone of material in the fluid, as a result of which no more fluid emerges if no vibrations are generated.
  • the mechanism for generating vibrations generates vibrations that break up the cones of material and allow the fluid to escape.
  • the fluid outlet can be controlled by switching the vibrations on and off.
  • vibrations occur in a 3D device or in a 3D process which are not generated by the mechanism for generating vibrations on the coater, but are caused by other vibration sources. This can occur, for example, in more complex machine structures. If such vibrations exceed a certain threshold and act on the bridging in the fluid, it can happen that the bridging in the fluid is broken and the fluid is thus released from the coater in an undirected manner. In this case, an undefined oscillation interferes with a defined control of the fluid delivery and thus with the control of the fluid delivery, which is thus at least partially incorrectly controlled and imprecise. This can make a controlled fluid delivery essentially impossible.
  • Unwanted and undefined vibrations occur all the more often the larger and more complex a 3D printing system is or when a 3D printing machine is integrated in a larger machine structure. It was therefore an object of the present invention to provide constructive means which allow an improved 3D printing process or at least help to improve the disadvantages of the prior art or to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art entirely.
  • a further object of the present invention was to provide a method and a device, the fluid delivery of which from the coater works essentially in a controlled manner even when interfering vibrations occur, and a controlled fluid delivery is essentially ensured.
  • the invention relates to a device for producing 3-D molded parts which, in addition to the components of a 3-D device that are customary for operation, has a coater, the coater having a means for generating a negative pressure in the fluid, e.g. Particulate material, is connected - and which acts on the fluid inside the coater - and the negative pressure is switched coordinated with the controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations.
  • a device for producing 3-D molded parts which, in addition to the components of a 3-D device that are customary for operation, has a coater, the coater having a means for generating a negative pressure in the fluid, e.g. Particulate material, is connected - and which acts on the fluid inside the coater - and the negative pressure is switched coordinated with the controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations.
  • a device for producing 3-D molded parts which, in addition to the components of a 3-D device that are customary for operation, has a coater, the coater having a means for
  • the invention relates to a method for producing 3-D molded parts, comprising the steps of switching on / applying a negative pressure to a coater (with storage container), which contains fluid, which acts on the fluid inside the coater and wherein the fluid acts Negative pressure is created, generating defined vibrations on the coater or a coater blade of the coater and switching off the negative pressure on the coater, releasing the fluid from the outlet opening of the coater, and this process can be repeated as desired.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing 3-D molded parts and, in particular, to controlling the delivery of fluids from a coater of a 3-D printing device Closing the coater negative pressure is applied to the coater, which acts on the fluid in the interior of the coater and a negative pressure arises in the fluid, a means for generating defined
  • Vibrations is switched off (whereby no more fluid emerges from the outlet opening) and defined vibrations of a coater blade with a means for generating defined vibrations are generated for the delivery of fluids and the negative pressure on the coater is switched off, whereby the fluid from the
  • the invention relates to a 3D molded part produced according to the method described above and / or according to the device described above.
  • the invention relates to a device that is suitable for performing a method according to the disclosure.
  • Figures 1.1-1.3 show an embodiment of the invention with a horizontal outlet opening.
  • Figures 1.1 and 1.2 show the two switching states of the system. If there is negative pressure on the side of the porous medium facing away from the container and if no oscillation of the storage container is generated at the same time, the particulate material is held in the storage container. (Fig. 1.1). If the negative pressure is removed from the porous medium and a vibration is introduced at the same time, the particulate material flows out of the container (Fig. 1.2). However, the oscillation is not necessarily relevant for the outflow. That depends on the flowability of the particulate material. The outflow of the particulate material can, for example, also be started and stopped only with the negative pressure, regardless of whether or not there is an oscillation.
  • Fig. 1.3 shows the elongated design of the coater unit.
  • 2.1 shows a similar form of the invention.
  • the shape of the storage container is different and the swivel joint is attached to the rear wall of the storage container and not, as in Fig. 1.1-1.3, on the front wall of the storage container. This is to show that the design of the storage container is in principle not relevant for the invention. This means that all of the designs shown in the sketches are not restrictive.
  • the negative pressure is applied through the rear wall of the storage container.
  • Fig. 3.1 shows an expression which has a vertical outlet opening.
  • the shape of the coating blade also differs from that in Figures 1.1-2.1. Both features are therefore not restrictive for the invention.
  • An inclined outlet opening and other blade shapes are also conceivable.
  • the negative pressure is applied through one or both end faces of the storage container, even this is not restrictive.
  • Fig. 3.2 shows the same system with an additional porous medium and another possibility of applying negative pressure. Porous medium and negative pressure therefore do not necessarily have to be introduced through the rear wall of the container.
  • Figures 5.1 and 5.2 also show a version of the invention in combination with a version of the invention "double-acting coater".
  • This version has 2 outlet openings.
  • at least one porous medium must be present for each outlet opening.
  • the negative pressure for the porous medium / media that are assigned to an outlet opening must be independent of the Negative pressure for the porous medium / media of the other outlet opening can be switched.
  • an object on which the application is based is achieved by a device according to claim 1 and / or by a method according to claim 2 and / and 3. Further preferred aspects are described in the subclaims.
  • 3D molded part “molded body” or “component” in the sense of the disclosure are all three-dimensional objects produced by means of the method according to the invention and / or the device according to the invention, which have dimensional stability.
  • Construction space is the geometric location in which the particulate material fill grows during the construction process through repeated coating with particulate material or through which the fill passes with continuous principles.
  • the construction space is made up of a floor, the construction platform, walls and an open top surface that Construction level, limited. With continuous principles there are usually a conveyor belt and delimiting side walls.
  • job box represents a unit that can be moved into and out of the device and allows batch production, with a job box being extended after the process has been completed and a new job box can be run into the device immediately, so that the production volume and thus the device performance is increased.
  • particulate materials can be used as “particulate materials” or “particulate building materials” or “building materials” or “fluid”.
  • the particulate material is preferably dry Free flowing powder, but a cohesive, cut-resistant powder or a particle-laden liquid can also be used.
  • particle material and powder are used synonymously.
  • the “particle material application” is the process in which a defined layer of powder is generated. This can be done either on the construction platform or on an inclined plane relative to a conveyor belt using continuous principles.
  • the particle material application is also referred to below as “coating” or “recoating” called.
  • selective liquid application can take place after each application of particulate material or, depending on the requirements of the shaped body and to optimize the production of the shaped body, it can also be carried out irregularly, for example several times based on a particle material application.
  • any known 3D printing device that contains the required components can be used as the "device" for performing a method according to the disclosure.
  • Common components include coater, construction field, means for moving the construction field or other components in continuous processes, metering devices and heat and Irradiation means and other components known to the person skilled in the art, which are therefore not detailed here.
  • the building material according to the disclosure is always applied in a “defined layer” or “layer thickness”, which is set individually depending on the building material and process conditions. It is, for example, 0.05 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • a “coater” in the sense of the disclosure is a device part that can absorb fluid, for example particle material such as mineral or metallic materials or plastics, wood in the form of particles or mixtures thereof, and dispense it in layers in a controlled manner onto a construction platform of a 3D device
  • the coater can apply Be elongated and above an outlet opening is the particulate material in a storage container.
  • a “storage container” in the sense of the disclosure is to be understood as the component of a coater in which the particulate material is filled and is dispensed and applied to the construction platform of the 3D device in a controlled manner via an outlet opening.
  • a “coater blade” in the sense of the disclosure is an essentially flat metallic component or component made from another suitable material, which is located at the outlet opening of the coater and via which the fluid is discharged onto the construction platform and is smoothed out or two or more coater blades.
  • a coater blade can be a vibrating blade that performs vibrations in the sense of a rotary motion when excited. Furthermore, this vibration can be switched on and off by a means for generating vibrations.
  • the coating blade is arranged “essentially horizontally” or “essentially vertically” in the sense of the disclosure.
  • exit opening in the sense of the disclosure is located, for example, on the underside or on the side of the coater and is in connection with a coater blade.
  • the outlet opening runs over the length of the coater and extends over the entire width of the construction platform. If several coater blades are used, an outlet opening is arranged on a coater blade.
  • the outlet opening is arranged on the coater, corresponding to the coater blade, “essentially horizontally” that is to the side of the coater or “essentially vertically” that is at the bottom of the coater.
  • a “means for generating a negative pressure” within the meaning of the disclosure can be a pump or any other means for generating a negative pressure be. It is arranged outside the coater and is connected to the coater, ie with the interior, for example the storage container, via special means for retaining the particulate material. A negative pressure can thus be generated in the particulate material present in the coater, as a result of which a controlled delivery and the stopping of the delivery of the particulate material is supported or made possible despite interfering vibrations. It can also be advantageous if the means for generating negative pressure can also be switched over.
  • a "controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations" or a “means for generating defined vibrations” within the meaning of the disclosure can be an eccentric or a magnetic coil or any means that can generate defined vibrations or vibrations on a specific component in a device .
  • a vibration is generated on the coating blade or blades. The vibrations generated in this way on the coater blade are so large or so strong that they create cones of repose in the particulate material which close the outlet opening of the coater when the means for generating vibrations is switched off.
  • Coupled switched in the sense of the disclosure is to be understood as meaning that two or more functions in a device or a method are switched in a certain way, for example that at least two functions are switched so that a certain effect can be produced the negative pressure can be switched on and regulated and the oscillation on the coater blade switched off and vice versa.
  • Such an effect can be that certain effects can be achieved, such as closing or opening an outlet opening in a coater.
  • Switching on or “applying a negative pressure to a coater” in the sense of the disclosure is to be understood that a means for generating a negative pressure is switched on and a negative pressure in the particulate material or at least one in the fluid that is located in a coater Vacuum is generated in the fluid which is located in the area of the outlet opening.
  • the vacuum is generated via a circuit of suitable means, such as hoses, which are connected to the coater.
  • suitable means such as hoses, which are connected to the coater.
  • means are used which ensure that the fluid essentially remains in the coater and which are arranged between the fluid and the means for generating negative pressure.
  • the negative pressure thus acts on the fluid in the interior of the coater and a negative pressure is created in the fluid.
  • the negative pressure can be switched on and off and it can be switched in coordination with other functions of the device and during the printing process.
  • the negative pressure generated in the fluid in the coater helps ensure that the fluid does not escape from the coater despite interfering vibrations if the defined vibrations in the device or during the process are switched off.
  • “Closing the coater” in the sense of the disclosure means that the outlet opening is closed with fluid and essentially no fluid is released onto the construction platform. This closure is based on the formation of bridges in the fluid. When interfering vibrations occur, the application of negative pressure to the coater helps or the formation of negative pressure in the fluid, the formation and / or maintenance of the bridge formation and thus ensures that the outlet opening remains closed despite interfering vibrations and essentially no fluid is released onto the construction platform.
  • the "opening of the coater" in the sense of the disclosure is brought about on the one hand by switching on a defined oscillation on the Coater blade, as a result of which the bridging in the fluid is broken and the fluid is released from the outlet opening onto the building platform.
  • a negative pressure is applied to the coater, it is switched off essentially simultaneously when the defined vibrations are generated. This then leads to the "release of fluids” in the sense of the disclosure.
  • "fluid is released from the outlet opening of the coater” in the sense of the disclosure.
  • Undefined vibrations or “disturbing vibrations” in the sense of the disclosure are to be understood as any vibrations on a 3-D device and / or on the coater and / or on the coater blade that are not intended for the purpose of a controlled delivery of fluid from the coater or serve for the controlled opening of the outlet opening of the coater.
  • the disclosure relates to a device for applying fluids suitable for 3D printing devices, comprising a coater blade, an outlet opening for dispensing fluid, a controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations of the coater blade, a coater with a storage container for receiving fluid, e.g. Particulate material, characterized in that the coater is provided with a means for creating a negative pressure in the fluid, e.g. Particulate matter, is connected and the negative pressure is switched coordinated with the controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations.
  • a device for applying fluids suitable for 3D printing devices comprising a coater blade, an outlet opening for dispensing fluid, a controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations of the coater blade, a coater with a storage container for receiving fluid, e.g. Particulate material, characterized in that the coater is provided with a means for creating a negative pressure in the fluid, e.g. Particulate matter, is connected and the negative pressure is switched coordinated with the controllable mechanism for
  • the disclosure relates to a method for discharging fluids, for example particulate material, comprising the steps of switching on / applying a negative pressure to a coater that contains fluid, the negative pressure acting on the fluid inside the coater and a negative pressure being created in the fluid , Generating defined vibrations on a coater blade of the coater and switching off the negative pressure at the coater, releasing the fluid from the outlet opening of the coater.
  • the disclosure relates to a method for controlling the delivery of fluids (e.g. particulate material) from a coater of a 3D printing device, wherein negative pressure is applied to the coater to close the coater, which acts on the fluid inside the coater and wherein in the fluid a negative pressure is created, a means for generating defined vibrations is switched off (whereby no more fluid escapes from the outlet opening) and defined vibrations of a coater blade are generated with a means for generating defined vibrations for dispensing fluids and the negative pressure at the coater is switched off whereby the fluid is released from the outlet opening of the coater.
  • fluids e.g. particulate material
  • the disclosure relates to the following:
  • the disclosure relates to devices and methods suitable for 3-printing, wherein fluid can be dispensed in a defined and controlled manner from a coater or the dispensing can be interrupted, although in the system, printing system or the assembly of various components of a 3D printing device or of several 3D - Pressure devices interfering vibrations, the targeted delivery or the interruption of the delivery of fluid not.
  • the disclosure relates to a device for applying fluids suitable for 3D printing devices, comprising a coater blade, an outlet opening for dispensing fluid, a controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations of the coater blade, a coater with a storage container for receiving fluid, e.g.
  • particulate material characterized in that the coater is connected to a means for generating a negative pressure in the fluid, e.g. particulate material ((which acts on the fluid inside the coater)) and the negative pressure is coordinated with the controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations .
  • a means for generating a negative pressure in the fluid e.g. particulate material ((which acts on the fluid inside the coater)) and the negative pressure is coordinated with the controllable mechanism for generating defined vibrations .
  • the disclosure also relates to a method for discharging fluids, e.g. Particulate material, comprising the steps of switching on / applying a negative pressure to a coater that has a container that contains fluid and / or that has a storage container that contains fluid, the negative pressure acting on the fluid in the interior of the coater and wherein the fluid acts Negative pressure arises, whereby the negative pressure contributes to preventing the fluid from escaping through undefined vibrations from the outlet of the coater, generating defined vibrations on a coater blade of the coater and switching off the negative pressure on the coater, releasing the fluid from the outlet of the coater.
  • fluids e.g. Particulate material
  • the disclosure also relates to a method for controlling the delivery of fluids (e.g. particulate material, a free-flowing substance) from a coater of a 3D printing device, wherein negative pressure is applied to the coater to close the coater, which acts on the fluid inside the coater and whereby a negative pressure arises in the fluid, a means for generating defined vibrations is switched off - whereby essentially no more fluid emerges from the outlet opening - and defined vibrations of a coater blade with a means for generating defined vibrations are generated for the delivery of fluids and the negative pressure to the Coater is switched off, whereby the fluid is released from the outlet opening of the coater.
  • fluids e.g. particulate material, a free-flowing substance
  • a suitable fluid can be a particulate material and it can be mineral, metallic, a plastic, a wood or mixtures thereof.
  • coating blades can be used which are adapted to the further means and device and method components and parameters.
  • the coater blade can for example be designed as one or two coater blades, these being e.g. can be arranged essentially horizontally or essentially vertically.
  • the outlet opening on the coater blade is selected and adapted in coordination with the other device and process conditions, wherein the outlet opening can be arranged essentially horizontally or essentially vertically.
  • the defined vibrations can be generated, for example, by an eccentric or a magnetic coil.
  • a vacuum or reverse vacuum i.e. an overpressure for cleaning
  • the means for generating a negative pressure can be a vacuum pump.
  • one or more sieves, one or more semipermeable membranes, one or more suction plates (vacuum pad) or one or more suction pads can be provided between the coater and the means for generating a negative pressure Porous means are arranged, the mean diameter of the passage openings are smaller than the particle material, preferably wherein the mean diameter of the passage openings is less than 2 millimeters or less than 1 millimeter or less than 0.1 to 0.05 millimeters.
  • Such a means is arranged in a suitable position.
  • the sieve, the semipermeable membrane, the suction plate and / or the porous medium can be attached laterally in the storage container of the coater and / or laterally above the oscillating blade.
  • the negative pressure is set in accordance with the other process conditions and it can also vary during the process, e.g. the negative pressure can be 50-999 or 100-400 mbar, preferably 200-250 mbar.
  • a slide or a tilting louvre can be provided inside the coater in order to prevent or reduce the blowing of air into the fluid.
  • This means such as a slide or tilting shutter, can each be arranged parallel to the sieve, the semipermeable membrane, the suction plate and / or the porous means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant la fabrication de modèles tridimensionnels par la technique d'impression par couches et au moyen d'un « recoater » à obturation par dépression.
EP20743056.2A 2019-06-14 2020-06-11 Procédé et dispositif permettant la fabrication de pièces mises en forme en 3d par la technique d'impression par couches et au moyen d'un « recoater » à obturation par dépression Pending EP3983203A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019004176.3A DE102019004176A1 (de) 2019-06-14 2019-06-14 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mittels Schichtaufbautechnik und Beschichter mit Unterdruckverschluss
PCT/DE2020/000128 WO2020249151A1 (fr) 2019-06-14 2020-06-11 Procédé et dispositif permettant la fabrication de pièces mises en forme en 3d par la technique d'impression par couches et au moyen d'un « recoater » à obturation par dépression

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3983203A1 true EP3983203A1 (fr) 2022-04-20

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US (1) US20220363000A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3983203A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113939391A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019004176A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020249151A1 (fr)

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DE102019007595A1 (de) 2019-11-01 2021-05-06 Voxeljet Ag 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von ligninsulfat
DE102020129420A1 (de) 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Beschichtungseinrichtung, Mittenmodul sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten durch selektives Verfestigen eines schichtweise aufgebrachten Aufbaumaterials

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JP2890504B2 (ja) * 1989-07-26 1999-05-17 松下電器産業株式会社 ペースト状材料の塗布装置
US5204055A (en) 1989-12-08 1993-04-20 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Three-dimensional printing techniques
CA2331272A1 (fr) * 1998-05-07 1999-11-18 James Pittman Systeme permettant de separer debris et milieux de grenaillage
DE102004008168B4 (de) * 2004-02-19 2015-12-10 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Fluiden und Verwendung der Vorrichtung
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CN113939391A (zh) 2022-01-14
DE102019004176A1 (de) 2020-12-17
US20220363000A1 (en) 2022-11-17
WO2020249151A1 (fr) 2020-12-17

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