EP4359200A1 - Procédé et dispositif de production de moulages 3d par stratification, faisant appel à une coucheuse à lame conique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de production de moulages 3d par stratification, faisant appel à une coucheuse à lame conique

Info

Publication number
EP4359200A1
EP4359200A1 EP22741691.4A EP22741691A EP4359200A1 EP 4359200 A1 EP4359200 A1 EP 4359200A1 EP 22741691 A EP22741691 A EP 22741691A EP 4359200 A1 EP4359200 A1 EP 4359200A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coater
particulate material
blade
angle
wedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22741691.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bastian HEYMEL
Martin Sinzinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voxeljet AG
Original Assignee
Voxeljet AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voxeljet AG filed Critical Voxeljet AG
Publication of EP4359200A1 publication Critical patent/EP4359200A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/214—Doctor blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/52—Hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/343—Metering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing three-dimensional models using the layered construction technique using a wedge blade.
  • EP 0 431 924 B1 a method for producing three-dimensional objects from computer data is described.
  • a thin layer of particle material is applied to a platform and this is then selectively printed with a binder material using a print head.
  • the particle area printed with the binder sticks together and hardens under the influence of the binder and, if necessary, an additional hardener.
  • the platform is then lowered by one layer thickness into a building cylinder and provided with a new layer of particulate material, which is also printed as described above. These steps are repeated until a certain desired height of the object is reached.
  • a three-dimensional object is created from the printed and solidified areas.
  • This object made of solidified particulate material, is embedded in loose particulate material after its completion and is then freed from it. This is done, for example, by means of a suction cup. What remains are the desired objects, which are then freed from residual powder, e.g. by brushing.
  • the invention relates to a coater suitable for additive manufacturing, comprising a particulate material container (16), an outflow gap (3), preferably arranged horizontally, and a wedge blade (2).
  • the invention relates to a device comprising a coater according to the disclosure and also comprising a solidification means (15), a construction platform, a construction container, supply and removal means for particulate material, heating and cooling means and/or vibration means.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing 3D molded parts, in which particulate material is applied to a construction platform using one or more coaters as disclosed here and the particulate material is selectively solidified using solidification means (15).
  • Figure 1 shows a wedge blade and a wedge blade coater compared to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows a wedge blade coater according to the disclosure.
  • FIG 3 shows the characteristics of blade angle and wedge angle in a coater according to the disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 - Fig. 8 show different forms of the
  • Flow stop mechanism in a coater according to the disclosure shows a preferred embodiment of the coater according to the disclosure.
  • an object on which the application is based is achieved by a coater suitable for additive manufacturing, comprising a particle material container (16), an outflow gap (3), preferably arranged horizontally, and a wedge blade (2).
  • a coater according to the disclosure has a number of advantages over known prior art coaters. Various process parameters can be set during the printing process, thereby increasing product quality and process speed, for example. With a coater and method according to the disclosure, the economics of such 3D printing methods can also be increased.
  • a key aspect is that a wedge blade coater (2) according to the disclosure with a smaller orifice gap (3) provides the same particulate material flow through the coater as a prior art L-blade (1) coater with a larger orifice gap. This forms a smaller powder roll in front of the wedge blade coater of the disclosure. The previously produced layer is not damaged.
  • a wedge blade coater according to the disclosure achieve greater coating speeds than is possible with a prior art coater.
  • the powder roller, the particle material weight and shearing forces can interfere with the particle material layer(s) already applied, which leads to shifts and inaccuracies in the printed image and can even lead to unusable molded parts.
  • the coater according to the disclosure avoids such disadvantages of known blade coaters.
  • 3D molded part within the meaning of the invention are all three-dimensional objects produced by means of the method according to the invention and/or the device according to the invention, which have a dimensional stability.
  • Build space is the locus in which the particulate material bed grows during the build process by repeated coatings of particulate material, or through which the bed passes in the case of continuous principles.
  • the build space is defined by a floor, the build platform, walls, and an open deck surface, the Construction level, limited. With continuous principles, there is usually a conveyor belt and delimiting side walls.
  • job box represents a unit that can be moved in and out of the device and allows batch production, with a job box being moved out after the process has been completed and a new job box can be moved into the device immediately, so that the production volume and thus the device output is increased.
  • particulate materials or “particulate building materials” or “building materials”, in particular polymers, ceramics and metals.
  • the particulate material is preferably dry free-flowing powder, but a cohesive cut-resistant powder or a particle-laden liquid can also be used.
  • particle material and powder are used synonymously.
  • the “particle material application” is the process in which a defined layer of powder is generated. This can be done either on the construction platform or on an inclined plane relative to a conveyor belt with continuous principles.
  • the particle material application is also referred to as “coating” or “recoating” in the following. called.
  • Selective application of liquid within the meaning of the invention can take place after each particle material application or, depending on the requirements of the shaped body and to optimize the production of the shaped body, also irregularly, for example several times based on a particle material application. A sectional image is printed through the desired body.
  • Any known 3D printing device that contains the necessary components can be used as a "device" for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the usual components include coater, construction area, means for moving the construction area or other components in continuous processes, dosing devices and heating and irradiation means and other components known to those skilled in the art, which are therefore not detailed here.
  • “Curling” refers to an effect that comes from the layer-by-layer procedure in the described invention. Layers produced in quick succession are each exposed to different shrinkage. The composite is then deformed by physical effects in a direction not coincident with the direction of shrinkage.
  • the building material is always applied in a "defined layer” or “layer thickness”, which is set individually depending on the building material and process conditions. It is, for example, 0.05 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • Porate material application agent or "recoater” or “coater” within the meaning of the invention is an application agent that applies particle material to the construction site.
  • Various parameters can preferably be changed and set individually, which allows an adjustment to e.g binders etc. or travel speed or layer thickness
  • a coater according to the disclosure comprises a wedge blade.
  • Wedge blade within the meaning of the invention is designated in more detail in the figures. It is characterized by different diameters in different areas and preferably has a wedge shape. In contrast, coaters with e.g. an L-blade are known from the prior art.
  • a wedge blade can be characterized by various design features such as a wedge angle (10), an angled surface (17) and a horizontal surface (18), which can be individually modified and combined.
  • the wedge angle (10) that is effective during the coating process is the angle between the angled surface (17 ) and the build plane of the 3D printer. It is the sum of the natural angle of the wedge of the wedge blade and the blade angle (9).
  • the blade angle (9) is the angle between the horizontal plane (18) and the build plane of the 3D printer.
  • the invention relates to a coater suitable for additive manufacturing, comprising a particle material container (16), an outflow gap (3), preferably arranged horizontally, and a wedge blade (2).
  • the disclosure relates to a coater, wherein the wedge blade (2) is characterized by a wedge angle (10), an angled surface (17) and a horizontal surface (18).
  • the angled surface (17) faces the particulate material container (16) and the outflow gap (3).
  • a coater according to the disclosure can further comprise a dosing means, preferably a slide (11), a slit diaphragm (12) or a pivotable slit shutter (14).
  • a dosing means preferably a slide (11), a slit diaphragm (12) or a pivotable slit shutter (14).
  • the particulate material dosing can be done without vibrating means. If no dosing means are provided, the particulate material can be released (dosed) by means of vibration means which are arranged in the coater, on the coater or coupled to the coater and which release particulate material when activated. It is advantageous to switch the outflow of the particulate material by a dosing device or a vibration device.
  • vibratory means may also be provided to provide a combined effect of particulate material discharge and compaction of the particulate material in the powder bed.
  • Vibrating means can also be provided solely to control compaction in the powder bed.
  • a pivoting mechanism may be provided for the coater according to the disclosure.
  • the wedge angle (10) can preferably be from 5° to 60°.
  • the disclosure relates to an apparatus suitable for additive manufacturing and comprising a coater according to the disclosure.
  • the coating from the coater can also take place in layers by the coater being filled from a particulate material reservoir in the volume which essentially corresponds to a particulate material application layer. It is advantageous here if no dosing means is provided in the coater.
  • An embodiment without vibration means can also have advantages, since secondary compaction then does not occur in the powder bed of the applied particle material. Secondary densification is an unwanted densification in the powder bed that is not wanted because it can unintentionally change the planned material characteristics and molded part characteristics. The powder bed is thus secondarily and undirectedly compacted by the vibration of the coater delivery.
  • An embodiment without vibration means can also have the advantage that during coating the previously produced layer is not damaged by vertical movements of the blade that come about during the vibration. This advantage is particularly evident in the production of thin layers.
  • Multiple coaters can also be used in a 3D printing device (see, e.g., Figure 9). If a vibration means is used to control the release of the particulate material from the coater, the vibrations can be superimposed, which can have a negative effect on the printing result and the quality of the molded parts produced.
  • the applied particle material can also be compacted by changing or adjusting the angle of attack of the coater or the wedge blade itself.
  • a positive or negative angle of attack (9) can be advantageous.
  • a negative angle of attack for example, i.e. when the edge of the underside of the blade (18) facing away from the coater gap forms the leveling element, the underside of the blade (18) generates a vertical force on the particles during the coating process, which is pushed through the powder roller into the space between the blade and the construction site to be delivered. The vertical force pushes the particles into the powder bed, increasing packing density.
  • the device according to the disclosure can further comprise a solidification means (15), a building platform, a building container, supply and removal means for particulate material, heating and cooling means and/or vibration means.
  • a solidification means (15) can be provided in a device according to the disclosure, wherein the solidification means can be a print head, a laser and/or a heat source.
  • the disclosure relates to a method for producing 3D molded parts, wherein particle material is applied to a construction platform by means of one or more coaters according to the disclosure and the particle material is selectively solidified by means of solidification means (15).
  • a method according to the disclosure can be characterized in that the application volume of the particulate material that is released from the coater onto the construction platform is dosed by means of dosing means.
  • a method according to the disclosure can be characterized in that the application of the particulate material is controlled by controlling the outflow gap (3), the coater speed (5), the dosing agent, the wedge angle (10) and/or the blade angle (9).
  • a vibratory means for particulate material application can additionally be used.
  • particulate matter compaction on the build site will preferably be controlled by blade angle ( ⁇ ).
  • a method according to the disclosure may be further characterized in that the controlling comprises reducing, increasing or stopping the outflow of particulate material from the coater according to the disclosure and applying the particulate material to the build area.
  • the wedge angle (10) can be adjusted to an angle of 5° to 60° and/or the blade angle (9) can be adjusted to an angle of -10° to +10°.
  • the opening of the dosing means can preferably be adjusted to from 0.5 mm to 60 mm.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wedge blade in a coater according to the disclosure and prior art coater embodiments. From this, significant differences in the construction, its mode of operation and advantages of the coater according to the disclosure become clear.
  • FIG. 2 shows an inventive advantage of the wedge blade coater according to the disclosure.
  • the advantage here is, inter alia, that a coater with a wedge blade according to the disclosure with a smaller gap can perform the same particulate material throughput compared to a prior art coater which requires a larger open area.
  • the powder roller Due to its weight and friction, the powder roller exerts a shearing force on the previously printed layer. If the powder roller exceeds a certain limit, the shearing force increases to a value that causes the previously printed layer to shift (damage). The printed parts suffer geometry deformations and thus become unusable, ie rejects.
  • the permissible limit size of the powder roller depends on the powder material. Thus, when using an L-blade according to the prior art, the coating speed (5) cannot be increased beyond a certain value due to these physical constraints.
  • a coater with a wedge blade (2) according to the disclosure gives the same with a smaller outflow gap (3). Particulate material flow through the coater, such as a prior art L-blade (1) coater with larger discharge gap. This forms a smaller powder roll in front of the wedge blade coater of the disclosure. The previously produced layer is not damaged. Thus, by using a wedge blade coater according to the disclosure, greater coating speeds can be achieved than is possible with a prior art coater.
  • the blade angle is an actuator for compaction of the particulate material and can be adjusted and adjusted depending on the process conditions and the particulate material being used.
  • FIGS. 4-8 show different forms of the dosing means in a coater according to the disclosure. However, these are to be understood as examples only and are not exhaustive.
  • Figure 9 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein a printhead is flanked by two coaters in accordance with the disclosure. This makes it possible to further speed up the process, since particle material can be applied in both directions of travel, essentially doubling the process speed.
  • solidifying agent e.g. print head

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de production de modèles tridimensionnels par stratification, au moyen d'une lame conique.
EP22741691.4A 2021-06-24 2022-06-21 Procédé et dispositif de production de moulages 3d par stratification, faisant appel à une coucheuse à lame conique Pending EP4359200A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021003237.3A DE102021003237A1 (de) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mittels Schichtaufbautechnik mittels Keilklingenbeschichter
PCT/DE2022/000069 WO2022268245A1 (fr) 2021-06-24 2022-06-21 Procédé et dispositif de production de moulages 3d par stratification, faisant appel à une coucheuse à lame conique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4359200A1 true EP4359200A1 (fr) 2024-05-01

Family

ID=82557959

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22741691.4A Pending EP4359200A1 (fr) 2021-06-24 2022-06-21 Procédé et dispositif de production de moulages 3d par stratification, faisant appel à une coucheuse à lame conique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4359200A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021003237A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022268245A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5204055A (en) 1989-12-08 1993-04-20 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Three-dimensional printing techniques
DE102015003372A1 (de) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Doppelrecoater
DE102015016464B4 (de) * 2015-12-21 2024-04-25 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen
US11597147B2 (en) * 2018-07-31 2023-03-07 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Ultrasonic spreading blades with kickers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022268245A1 (fr) 2022-12-29
DE102021003237A1 (de) 2022-12-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2714354B1 (fr) Procédé pour produire un corps moulé et dispositif correspondant
EP3275654B1 (fr) Unité de revêtement, procédé de revêtement, dispositif et procédé et dispositif de fabrication additive d'un objet tridimensionnel
WO2017041779A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour appliquer des fluides
DE102013021891A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren mit beschleunigter Verfahrensführung für 3D-Druckverfahren
DE102015003372A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Doppelrecoater
WO2003086726A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour appliquer des fluides
WO2002083323A2 (fr) Procede et dispositif d'application de fluides
EP2576191A2 (fr) Dispositif de modification d'espace de fabrication et dispositif pour fabriquer un objet tridimensionnel à l'aide dudit dispositif de modification d'espace de fabrication
DE102011117005A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Formkörpers
EP3999312A1 (fr) Procédé pour produire des pièces moulées 3d dont les points d'image imprimés présentent des propriétés cibles variables
EP3253514A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de fabrication additive de pièces
DE102017003662A1 (de) Beschichtungsvorrichtung mit Schieber und Verfahren zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Bauteilen
WO2020035100A1 (fr) Dispositif de fermeture, dispositif d'impression 3d et procédé permettant de produire des pièces moulées 3d
WO2020249151A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif permettant la fabrication de pièces mises en forme en 3d par la technique d'impression par couches et au moyen d'un « recoater » à obturation par dépression
EP4359200A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de production de moulages 3d par stratification, faisant appel à une coucheuse à lame conique
EP3718729B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication à fabrication additive de composants et traitement ultérieur
EP4048467A1 (fr) Système et procédé de génération d'une couche d'un matériau de construction particulaire dans une imprimante 3d
EP3705267B1 (fr) Module de coucheuse / tête d'impression pour une imprimante tridimensionnelle, utilisation du module de coucheuse / tête d'impression et imprimante tridimensionnelle pourvu de module de coucheuse / tête d'impression
EP3758920A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées en 3d au moyen d'une unité de dosage de matériau particulaire améliorée
DE102020003536A1 (de) Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer 3D-Struktur
DE102020006886A1 (de) Verfahren zum Auftragen von partikelförmigem Baumaterial in einem 3D-Drucker
DE102021004139A1 (de) Verfahren zur Beeinflussung von Bauteilen oder Baugruppen in einem 3D-Drucker
EP3921159A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la fabrication d'éléments structuraux au moyen de procédés de fabrication additive
DE102020101783A1 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Formteils

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20231114

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR