EP3982203B1 - Uhrwerkshemmung mit semidirektem impuls - Google Patents

Uhrwerkshemmung mit semidirektem impuls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3982203B1
EP3982203B1 EP20200592.2A EP20200592A EP3982203B1 EP 3982203 B1 EP3982203 B1 EP 3982203B1 EP 20200592 A EP20200592 A EP 20200592A EP 3982203 B1 EP3982203 B1 EP 3982203B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
escapement
impulse
balance plate
tooth
fork
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20200592.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3982203A1 (de
Inventor
Xuan Mai Tu
James Hide
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Original Assignee
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
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Publication date
Application filed by Patek Philippe SA Geneve filed Critical Patek Philippe SA Geneve
Priority to EP20200592.2A priority Critical patent/EP3982203B1/de
Publication of EP3982203A1 publication Critical patent/EP3982203A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3982203B1 publication Critical patent/EP3982203B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timepiece escapement with semi-direct impulse, that is to say an escapement whose escapement wheel communicates to the balance wheel a direct impulse and an indirect impulse (via a rocker) at each period of oscillation, the direct impulse being communicated during one of the two cycles of the balance and the indirect impulse during the other of the two cycles.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to an escapement of the type described in the patent EP 2941673 B1 .
  • This escapement comprises an escape wheel, a rocker and a balance plate secured to the balance shaft.
  • the balance plate comprises a pin arranged to cooperate with a fork of the rocker and a pallet intended to receive the direct impulse of the escape wheel when the balance plate rotates in a first direction (first alternation).
  • the rocker includes a first resting surface, a second resting surface and an impulse surface.
  • the first resting surface locks the escapement wheel in an entry rest position then releases it under the action of the pin cooperating with the fork so that the wheel escapement communicates its direct impulse to the pallet of the balance plate.
  • the second resting surface locks the escape wheel in an output rest position then releases it under the action of the pin cooperating with the fork so that the escape wheel comes into contact with the impulse surface of the rocker to communicate the indirect impulse to the balance wheel.
  • a special feature of this exhaust according to the patent EP 2941673 B1 is that the angle between the entry and exit rest positions is smaller than the angle between the entry rest position and the axis of the rocker, these angles being seen from the axis of the escape wheel. This feature makes the escapement compact.
  • the present invention aims to provide a timepiece escapement of the type described in the aforementioned patent but whose lever can be more balanced without having to increase its inertia.
  • the present invention further proposes a timepiece comprising such an escapement.
  • a timepiece escapement 10 for a timepiece such as a watch or a clock, comprises an escapement wheel 12, a rocker 14 and a balance plate 16
  • the escapement wheel 12 is pivoted around a first axis A and is coaxially integral with a pinion 18 which meshes with the second wheel of a going train (not shown). The latter tends to rotate the escape wheel 12 in a single direction, which is counterclockwise in the figures.
  • Rocker 14 is pivoted around a second axis B and comprises a fork 20, a first arm 22 and a second arm 24.
  • Balance plate 16 is pivoted around a third axis C to rotate coaxially and integrally with a balance (not shown).
  • the balance plate 16 carries a plate pin 26 and an impulse tooth 28.
  • the escape wheel 12, the rocker 14 and the balance plate 16 can be held on their respective physical axes elastically, as shown, or in another way, for example by gluing or brazing.
  • first arm 22 of rocker 14 defines a first resting surface 30 of concave shape.
  • second arm 24 of rocker 14 defines a second resting surface 32 of concave shape.
  • These concave surfaces 30, 32 can be curved surfaces or consist of two inclined planes.
  • a side impulse surface 34 adjoins the second resting surface 32 on the second arm 24.
  • the escape wheel 12 comprises on its periphery, on the same level and alternately, short teeth 36 and long teeth 38.
  • short teeth 36 and long teeth 38 are meant that the distance between the top of the tooth and the first axis A is smaller for the short teeth 36 than for the long teeth 38.
  • the short teeth 36 are identical and regularly distributed.
  • the long teeth 38 are also identical and regularly distributed. However, each short tooth 36 may be closer to one of the two teeth long 38 adjacent between which it is located than the other, as seen in the drawings.
  • the escapement 10 is of the type with one pulse per alternation, more precisely of the semi-direct pulse type.
  • Each alternation (half-period of oscillation) of the balance comprises a rest phase, a release phase and an impulse phase.
  • the figures 1 to 10 show successive states of the escapement during the period of oscillation.
  • a short tooth 36a bears against the first resting surface 30 of the rocker 14.
  • the concave shape of the first resting surface 30 allows the escapement wheel 12 and the rocker 14 to mutually lock.
  • the escape wheel 12 and the rocker 14 are in an entry rest position.
  • the balance plate 16 rotates freely in a first direction S1, namely clockwise on the figure 1 , under the action of the return spring (typically a hairspring) of the balance wheel.
  • the figure 11 shows the two rest positions of the escape wheel 12 superimposed.
  • the solid line shows the entry rest position and the dotted line the exit rest position. It can be seen that, as in the patent EP 2941673 B1 , the angle ⁇ between these entry and exit rest positions is smaller than the angle ⁇ between the entry rest position and the axis of rotation B of the rocker 14, these angles being seen from the axis of rotation A of the escape wheel 12.
  • the invention thus amounts to doubling each tooth of the escapement wheel of the escapement according to the patent EP 2941673 B1 into two teeth of different lengths and to separate the functions performed by these two teeth.
  • the number of long/short teeth can however be different from the number of teeth (five) carried by the escape wheel in said patent. This is the case in the example illustrated in the attached figures where three short teeth 36 and three long teeth 38 are provided, which corresponds to an escape wheel according to said patent which would include three teeth.
  • the balance plate 16 further comprises a self-starting tooth 46.
  • This tooth 46 facilitates the restarting of the escapement when the disarming of the driving member (typically a spring barrel) means that the torque on the escape wheel 12 is no longer sufficient to overcome the resistance of the return spring of the balance wheel during the impulse, causing the escapement to stop. It is possible to adjust the neutral angular position of the balance wheel, i.e. the angular position at which the torque of the return spring of the balance wheel is zero, so that the escapement always stops in a position where a tooth long 38 of the escapement wheel 12 is located between the impulse tooth 28 and the self-starting tooth 46 of the balance plate 16.
  • the balance plate 16 is preferably in two levels, as shown in the figure 13 .
  • On a first level it comprises a circular body 48 and, on the periphery thereof, the impulse and self-starting teeth 28, 46 and a radial protrusion 50.
  • a second level comprises the pin 26 projecting from the end of the radial protrusion 50 in the axial direction of the balance plate 16, a truncated circular body 52 aligned with the circular body 48 and, between the pin 26 and the truncated circular body 52, a clearance 54.
  • the balance plate 16 can be obtained, for example, by multi-level deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of a silicon substrate, by etching on both sides of a silicon-on-insulator (known as SOI) substrate or by mono -level of two separate silicon substrates then assembly of the two substrates etched by fusion (“fusion bonding”) or another appropriate technique. Materials other than silicon can of course be used.
  • the impulse and self-starting teeth 28, 46 could be in the form of pallets embedded in the circular body 48.
  • the clearance 54 allows the horns 40, 42 of the fork 20 to pass behind the peg 26 during the clearance phases and the indirect impulse phase (cf. figure 2 , 8 and 10 ). This gives more freedom in the design of the exhaust.
  • pin 26 could be the end of a single radial protrusion on a single level as is known per se.
  • the circular part of the periphery of the truncated circular body 52 serves as a stop on the reverse side of the lugs 40, 42 in the event of an impact to prevent the flip-flop 14 from being overturned from one of its rest positions to the other when the pin 26 is in outside the fork 20.
  • the truncated circular body 52 and the reverse of the lugs 40, 42 advantageously replace the small notched plate and the stinger of traditional escapements and reduces the number of levels (from three to two) of the balance plate and therefore the height of the exhaust.
  • the rocker 14 is also preferably in two levels, the fork 20 being raised relative to the rest of the rocker 14 to cooperate with the second level 26, 52 of the balance plate 16 and not collide with the wheel. exhaust 12 ni with the impulse and self-starting teeth 28, 46.
  • the impulse surface 34 and the active surface of the long teeth 38 and of the impulse and self-starting teeth 28, 46 have curved profiles allowing cooperation by rolling, in the manner of gears, rather exclusively by sliding, in order to reduce friction and increase the efficiency of the escapement.
  • These profiles can in particular be in the form of an involute of a circle.
  • the respective inner surfaces 40a, 42a of the horns 40, 42 of the fork 20 can be asymmetrical with respect to each other, in other words, they can have different shapes, as illustrated in the drawings.
  • the inner surface 40a which works during the disengagement and the indirect impulse, can have a shape optimized for these two phases and adapted to cooperate by rolling with the pin 26 during the indirect impulse.
  • the lower surface 42a which works only during the release, can have a shape optimized exclusively for the release.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Uhrwerkshemmung, die ein Hemmungsrad (12), eine Wippe (14) und eine Unruhschale (16) umfasst, wobei die Unruhschale (16) einen Stift (26) und einen Impulszahn (28) umfasst, die Wippe (14) eine Gabel (20), eine erste Ruhefläche (30), eine zweite Ruhefläche (32) und eine Impulsfläche (34) umfasst, die Hemmung so gestaltet ist, dass, wenn die Unruhschale (16) sich in einer ersten Richtung (S1) dreht, die erste Ruhefläche (30) das Hemmungsrad (12) in einer Eingangsruheposition blockiert und es dann unter der Wirkung des Stifts (26), der mit der Gabel (20) zusammenwirkt, freigibt, damit das Hemmungsrad (12) mit dem Impulszahn (28) in Kontakt gelangt, um der Unruhschale (16) einen Impuls zu erteilen, und, wenn die Unruhschale (16) sich in der Richtung (S2) dreht, die der ersten Richtung (S1) entgegengesetzt ist, die zweite Ruhefläche (32) das Hemmungsrad (12) in einer Ausgangsruheposition blockiert und es dann unter der Wirkung des Stifts (26), der mit der Gabel (20) zusammenwirkt, freigibt, damit das Hemmungsrad (12) mit der Impulsfläche (34) in Kontakt gelangt, um der Unruhschale (16) über die Wippe (14) einen Impuls zu erteilen, wobei der Winkel (α) zwischen der Eingangs- und der Ausgangsruheposition kleiner ist als der Winkel (β) zwischen der Eingangsruheposition und der Achse (B) der Wippe (14), wobei diese Winkel (α, β) von der Achse (A) des Hemmungsrades (12) betrachtet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hemmungsrad (12) kurze Zähne (36) und lange Zähne (38) umfasst, wobei die kurzen Zähne (36) dazu bestimmt sind, ausschließlich mit der ersten Ruhefläche (30) zusammenzuwirken, wobei die langen Zähne (38) dazu bestimmt sind, mit der zweiten Ruhefläche (32), der Impulsfläche (34) und dem Impulszahn (28) zusammenzuwirken.
  2. Uhrwerkshemmung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unruhschale (16) ferner einen automatischen Anlaufzahn (46) umfasst, mit dem ein langer Zahn (38) des Hemmungsrads (12) für den erneuten Anlauf der Hemmung nach einem Anhalten aufgrund eines fehlenden Moments auf dem Hemmungsrad (12) zusammenwirken kann.
  3. Uhrwerkshemmung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unruhschale (16) auf einer gleichen Ebene wie der Stift (26) einen abgestumpften kreisförmigen Körper (52) umfasst, dessen Umfang der Gabel (20) im Fall eines Stoßes als Anschlag dient, wenn der Stift (26) sich außerhalb der Gabel (20) befindet, um ein Ausschwingen der Wippe (14) zu verhindern.
  4. Uhrwerkshemmung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unruhschale (16) zwischen dem abgestumpften kreisförmigen Körper (52) und dem Stift (26) eine Auslösung (54) umfasst, die dazu geeignet ist, einen Teil der Gabel (20) aufzunehmen.
  5. Uhrwerkshemmung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Impulsfläche (34) und/oder die aktive Fläche des Impulszahns (28) ein gekrümmtes Profil aufweisen.
  6. Uhrwerkshemmung nach Anspruch 2 oder nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, wenn abhängig von Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aktive Fläche des automatischen Anlaufzahns (46) ein gekrümmtes Profil aufweist.
  7. Uhrwerkshemmung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gabel (20) zwei Hörner (40, 42) umfasst, deren jeweilige innere Flächen (40a, 42a) in Bezug aufeinander asymmetrisch sind.
  8. Uhrwerkshemmung, die eine Hemmung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 umfasst.
EP20200592.2A 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Uhrwerkshemmung mit semidirektem impuls Active EP3982203B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20200592.2A EP3982203B1 (de) 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Uhrwerkshemmung mit semidirektem impuls

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20200592.2A EP3982203B1 (de) 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Uhrwerkshemmung mit semidirektem impuls

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EP3982203A1 EP3982203A1 (de) 2022-04-13
EP3982203B1 true EP3982203B1 (de) 2022-12-14

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0018796B1 (de) * 1979-04-30 1984-11-07 George Daniels Uhren, Pendeluhren, Chronometer und Hemmungen dafür
CH707862A2 (fr) 2013-04-03 2014-10-15 Detra Sa Dispositif d'échappement pour mouvement d'horlogerie.
JP6558761B1 (ja) * 2018-06-19 2019-08-14 セイコーインスツル株式会社 脱進機、時計用ムーブメント及び時計

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