EP3980388A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines endkonturnahen faserkörpers, faserkörper, verfahren zur herstellung eines keramischen bauteils und keramisches bauteil - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines endkonturnahen faserkörpers, faserkörper, verfahren zur herstellung eines keramischen bauteils und keramisches bauteilInfo
- Publication number
- EP3980388A1 EP3980388A1 EP20729978.5A EP20729978A EP3980388A1 EP 3980388 A1 EP3980388 A1 EP 3980388A1 EP 20729978 A EP20729978 A EP 20729978A EP 3980388 A1 EP3980388 A1 EP 3980388A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- fibers
- shape
- sieve
- net
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002468 ceramisation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001558 organosilicon polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001795 coordination polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012700 ceramic precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007168 polymer infiltration and pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002289 liquid silicon infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001709 polysilazane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021476 group 6 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
- C04B35/571—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained from Si-containing polymer precursors or organosilicon monomers
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
- C04B35/573—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained by reaction sintering or recrystallisation
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
- C04B35/6263—Wet mixtures characterised by their solids loadings, i.e. the percentage of solids
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
- C04B35/6264—Mixing media, e.g. organic solvents
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
- C04B35/82—Asbestos; Glass; Fused silica
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
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- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
- C04B2235/5224—Alumina or aluminates
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- C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
- C04B2235/5244—Silicon carbide
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
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- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
- C04B2235/5248—Carbon, e.g. graphite
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/526—Fibers characterised by the length of the fibers
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5268—Orientation of the fibers
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6027—Slip casting
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6028—Shaping around a core which is removed later
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/616—Liquid infiltration of green bodies or pre-forms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a near-end-contour fiber body.
- a fiber composite ceramic and a method for its production consists in impregnating fibers with a molten polysilazane in a first step and converting the polysilazane in the fibers into the infusible state in a second step and in a third step the impregnated fibers are heated to 800 ° C. to 2,000 ° C. in a nitrogen, noble gas or ammonia atmosphere.
- US 2004/0005462 A1 discloses a sliding material consisting of a carbon fiber-reinforced carbon composite material comprising fine particles of a simple substance from a group IV to group VI element or a carbide, a nitride or an oxide thereof.
- the method further comprises that a reinforcement of the preform is carried out by impregnation by means of an impregnation composition which contains a mixture of a thermosetting monomer and the ceramic precursor polymer, and by thermal treatment, in the course of which the crosslinking of the monomer is first realized in such a way that that prior to the conversion of the precursor into ceramic in the entire volume of the preform an in situ crosslinking of the polymeric mixture is obtained, and then a densification of the reinforced preform by a ceramic matrix is carried out.
- an impregnation composition which contains a mixture of a thermosetting monomer and the ceramic precursor polymer
- the ceramic materials are formed as a fiber-ceramic composite, which fibers and a ceramic matrix comprise.
- WO 2011/007184 A2 discloses a method for producing a
- the step of removing the carbon that is not bonded with silicon being carried out by cleaning the braking surfaces with an abrasive jet or by burning off the braking surfaces.
- a carbide ceramic material is known from DE 10 2011 001 065 A1 which is produced by infiltration of a porous carbon containing the preform and a mass fraction of free carbon less than 1% and a mass fraction of free carbide former less than 1%.
- the aforementioned object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
- the shape of the sieve is selected in particular depending on the application depending on the shape of the near-net-shape fiber body.
- the envelope is in particular an envelope surface, which is also referred to in mathematics as an envelope curve.
- the geometric shape of the fiber body made of deposited fibers is - as mentioned - predetermined by the geometric shape of the sieve shape and corresponds in particular to the geometric shape of the sieve shape essentially.
- the geometric shape of the sieve shape can be curved or can have any other shape from which the fiber body can be demolded, 3-dimensional fiber bodies in particular can be produced in one step. A joining of several fiber body parts, as is customary, is therefore unnecessary.
- inventive method for example, hollow bodies can be produced, which many conventional methods, such as hot pressing methods, are inaccessible.
- the method according to the invention forms in particular an application of a wet web method for three-dimensional fiber bodies.
- the fibers in one area of the resulting near-net-shape fiber body enclose in particular an angle of approximately 0 ° to approximately 90 ° with fibers in another area of the near-net-shape fiber body. Even comparatively steep angles within fiber bodies can be represented in particular with the method according to the invention. With the hot pressing process, only limited 3-dimensional bodies can be produced.
- the deposited fibers in particular essentially have an orientation which is parallel to an envelope of the screen.
- the sieve shape is preferably reusable. In this way, costs can be saved compared to methods with single-use negative molds.
- the sieve shape is a shape which partially or completely has a mesh and / or grid-like structure.
- the sieve shape comprises a supporting core and a sieve grid.
- the passage openings preferably have a diameter which is smaller than the length of the fibers used.
- the fiber dispersion is conveyed by means of a conveying device.
- a flow of the fiber dispersion is generated from a deposition side of the sieve mold, on which the fibers are deposited, to a suction side of the sieve mold.
- essentially no or only a few fibers are deposited on the suction side.
- the fiber dispersion is sucked in from an outside of the sieve mold, whereupon the fiber body is formed on an inside of the sieve mold.
- the delivery device is a pump device which comprises one or more pumps and / or one or more flow deflection elements.
- Flow deflection elements can for example be designed in the form of line sections of a line device.
- the line device is preferably part of the pump device.
- the one or more pumps are, for example, vacuum pumps.
- the method can also be carried out with turbulent flow.
- the sieve shape is held immobile Lich during deposition relative to a wall of a container in which the fiber dispersion is received.
- the sieve shape is in particular firmly positioned.
- the sieve shape is moved, in particular evenly, through the container.
- a Rotationsbe movement of the sieve shape in particular about its axis of symmetry, can be provided.
- the conveyance of the fiber dispersion is stopped before the near-net-shape fiber body is removed and that the incompressible fluid and / or dispersant and / or binder is removed under negative pressure.
- the sieve mold runs "dry" and only then is the near-net-shape fiber body removed.
- the fiber body After removal of the sieve mold with the near-net shape fiber body created therein or on it, the fiber body is preferably dried together with the sieve mold, in particular in a drying oven, before it is removed from the sieve mold.
- the dispersant corresponds to the binder.
- Preferred binders and / or dispersants are carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and xanthan.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- xanthan xanthan
- the binder is added to the fiber dispersion, in particular in order to adjust a viscosity and / or to increase the shear forces of the incompressible fluid.
- the binding agent is an adhesive which further solidifies the resulting near net shape fiber body.
- the fiber dispersion preferably has a fiber concentration of approximately 0.1 g / l to approximately 10 g / l, in particular from approximately 1 g / l to approximately 5 g / l.
- the incompressible fluid is preferably water or an alcohol or a mixture thereof.
- incompressible fluid contains poly tungstate.
- the fibers of the fiber material consist of one
- the fibers of the fiber material are made from one or more of the following materials: oxide ceramic materials, carbon, silicon carbide, aramid, glass.
- An oxide ceramic material is, for example, aluminum oxide.
- a surface charge of the fibers is influenced by means of the binding agent and / or the selection of the incompressible fluid.
- the surface charge of the fibers is preferably influenced in such a way that they repel one another. In this way an agglomeration of fibers can be avoided.
- An orientation of the fibers in the near-net shape fiber body is preferably predetermined by an envelope of the sieve shape, the fibers in particular being oriented essentially along an area which is arranged parallel to the envelope of the sieve shape.
- the envelope of the sieve shape is preferably an envelope of a
- the envelope is in particular a geometric surface of the screen shape.
- the near-net shape fiber body preferably has a fiber content in the Z direction of at most approximately 7% by volume, in particular of at most approximately 3% by volume, for example of approximately 1% by volume, the Z direction in each case being transverse to a surface is arranged, along which the fibers in the near-net-shape fiber body are essentially oriented. Fibers in the Z direction lead to restoring forces, for example when the fiber body is pressed. Due to the reduced restoring forces, a tendency to delamination in the near net shape fiber body can be reduced.
- the respective Z direction is preferably arranged at a point on the surface of the fiber body, in particular perpendicular to the corresponding tangential plane.
- the fiber body is substantially obtained with a
- the fiber bundle structure preferably remains in the fiber dispersion
- the fiber bundle structure is retained.
- the fiber bundles dissolve.
- a “fiber dissolution” is to be understood in particular as a separation of individual components of a fiber bundle.
- the proportion of carbon and carbide in a ceramic component produced on the basis of the corresponding near-net shape fiber body can be controlled via the degree of fiber dissolution.
- a strong dissolution of a fiber bundle structure into single filaments leads to a high carbide content in the ceramic component.
- a low resolution of the fiber bundle structure leads to a high proportion of carbon in the component, this carbon proportion being composed of carbon in carbon fibers and of carbon in an amorphous carbon matrix.
- longer fibers in particular in the range between 15 mm and 40 mm, are used.
- suction is generated within the sieve shape.
- the invention further relates to a fiber body, in particular a near-net-shape fiber body which is Herge according to a method according to the invention.
- the fiber body is preferably a component, in particular a CFRP component.
- the fiber body according to the invention preferably has one or more of the features described in connection with the method according to the invention and / or one or more of the advantages described in connection with the method according to the invention.
- the fiber body according to the invention is particularly suitable for use as a green body in a ceramization method described below.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a ceramic component, comprising:
- the liquid silicon reacts with carbon in the open-pore carbon body and forms silicon carbide.
- the open porosity of the carbon body enables the carbon to be infiltrated with carbide formers.
- the fiber structure is essentially retained. This is in particular a difference to components manufactured by means of fiber injection, in which the fibers generally react completely to form silicon carbide during the infiltration with silicon.
- the ceramization is carried out by infiltrating the open-pore carbon body with a polymer material, in particular an organometallic or organosilicon polymer material, and subsequent pyrolysis is carried out.
- a polymer material in particular an organometallic or organosilicon polymer material
- a ceramic component is provided which is produced according to the method according to the invention.
- a fiber content of the ceramic component is preferably approximately 50% by volume or less, in particular approximately 25% by volume to approximately 35% by volume, based on a total volume of the ceramic component.
- ceramic components preferably have an improved damage tolerance.
- the fibers can fulfill a support function.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a near-net-shape fiber body
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of a core of a sieve mold which is suitable for use in the method according to FIG. 1 or according to FIG. 2;
- FIG. 5 shows a section of a computer tomography recording of a
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a sequence of an embodiment of a method for ceramization in which a near-net-shape fiber body serves as the green body.
- FIG. 1 A first embodiment of a method for producing a near-net-shape fiber body 100 is shown schematically in FIG.
- a pump circuit can be seen, by means of which a flow guide can be generated so that fibers are deposited on an outside of a sieve mold 110 to form a near-net-shape fiber body 100.
- a near-net-shape fiber body 100 produced in this way is shown by way of example in FIG.
- a fiber material 102 is dispersed in a container 104 in an incompressible fluid 106, a fiber dispersion 108 being formed.
- Individual fibers of the fiber material 102 are in the present case indicated schematically in an already dispersed form in the fiber dispersion 108 by lines.
- the fibers of the fiber material 102 are preferably made of a ceramic material.
- Fibers made from one of the following materials are particularly suitable as fiber material 102: oxidic ceramic material, in particular aluminum oxide, carbon, silicon carbide, aramid, glass.
- a fiber material 102 which comprises a mixture of the fibers mentioned.
- glass fibers and aluminum oxide fibers with an average length in a range from approximately 6 mm to approximately 25 mm are used.
- water is used as the incompressible fluid 106.
- an alcohol for example ethanol or isopropanol, or a mixture of alcohol and water is used as the incompressible fluid.
- poly tungstate as a component of the incompressible fluid 106 can be advantageous.
- the use of poly tungstate in the incompressible fluid 106 can also be advantageous for other fiber materials 102.
- the container 104 is a vat.
- the fiber dispersion 108 in the present case also comprises carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which acts as a binder and increases a viscosity of the fiber dispersion 108 so that it can be processed better.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- the binder also serves as a dispersant to assist in dispersing the fiber material 102.
- xanthan gum or another binding agent and / or dispersant can also be used.
- the binder also serves as an adhesive for consolidating the structure of the resulting near-net-shape fiber body 100.
- a fiber concentration in the fiber dispersion 108 is in the present case approximately 0.1 g / l fiber dispersion to approximately 10 g / l fiber dispersion, in particular approximately 1 g / l fiber dispersion to approximately 5 g / l fiber dispersion.
- the sieve mold 110 is arranged within the container 104.
- the sieve mold 110 serves as a positive mold for the near-net-shape fiber body 100 resulting from the method.
- the sieve mold 110 comprises through openings 112 distributed homogeneously over the sieve mold 110, which connect a suction side 114 and an attachment side 116 of the sieve mold to one another in a fluid-effective manner.
- the passage openings 112 are indicated by a grid pattern.
- a line device 118 is arranged on the suction side 114 of the sieve mold 110.
- the line device 118 serves to line the incompressible fluid 106 and in the present case comprises a plurality of line sections 120 which adjoin one another.
- a discharge line section 120a in the present case forms a fluid outlet 121, through which incompressible fluid 106 is discharged from the container 104.
- the discharge line section 120a and the supply line section 120b are connected to one another by means of further line sections 120 via a pump 122.
- the pump 122 is used to convey incompressible fluid 106 and to generate a flow from the deposit side 116 to the suction side 114.
- a flow from the fluid outlet 121 to the fluid inlet 123 is generated by means of the pump 122.
- the flow of the incompressible fluid 106 from the fluid outlet 121 to the fluid inlet 123 is indicated by arrows.
- a flow of the fiber dispersion 108 arises from the deposition side 116 to the suction side 114.
- the fibers of the fiber dispersion 108 are deposited on the deposit side 116, while the incompressible fluid 106 flows through the passage openings 112 and is conveyed through the line sections 120 of the line device 118 by means of the pump 122.
- the flow within the container 104 is maintained until enough fibers have deposited so that a near-net-shape fiber body 100 with sufficient thickness has arisen.
- the fibers are predominantly oriented along a surface which is arranged parallel to an envelope of the sieve shape 110.
- the fiber body 100 also has curved areas if the envelope of the screen shape 110 has curved areas.
- the curved regions of the sieve shape are mapped in one piece in the near net shape fiber body 100.
- the screen form 110 is removed together with the fiber body 100 and then dried in a drying oven at about 80 ° C. for at least 2 hours. Alternatively, other drying methods can also be used.
- a degree of fiber resolution is preferably low, so that a bundle structure of the fibers of the fiber material 102 is essentially retained.
- the fiber bundle structure is retained in 80% of the fibers of the fiber material 102 or more, for example 90% or more.
- a fiber body 100 has been created, the shape of which essentially corresponds to the shape of the screen shape 110.
- Sieve shapes can therefore be produced with differently shaped fiber bodies 100.
- the fiber body 100 As is shown schematically in FIG. 6, the fiber body 100
- the fiber body 100 has sufficient stability to be used without ceramization and represents a component without further processing.
- the fiber body 100 can be used in the automotive industry.
- the fiber body 100 can also be used in the textile industry.
- the fiber body 100 can, for example, form part of a cup of a brassiere.
- the near-net shape fiber body 100 represents in particular a green body.
- the open-pore carbon body 140 is then with a
- Carbide former in this case silicon (Si), infiltrated, with the silicon in liquid form passing through the pores of the open-pored carbon body 140 into its interior and reacting there with carbon to form silicon carbide.
- the reaction with silicon to form silicon carbide produces a ceramic component 150.
- Fiber body 100 can also be carried out by means of a PIP (polymer infiltration and pyrolysis) method.
- PIP polymer infiltration and pyrolysis
- the open-pore carbon body 140 is preferably infiltrated, often in several steps, with a polymer material, for example an organometallic or an organosilicon material.
- a polymer material for example an organometallic or an organosilicon material.
- the infiltrated open-pore carbon body 140 is then pyrolyzed, for example in a solid-phase thermolysis.
- a fiber content of the ceramic component 150 is in a range from approximately 25% by volume to approximately 35% by volume based on a total volume of the
- the second embodiment of a method for producing a near net shape fiber body 100 shown in FIG. 2 differs essentially from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the sieve mold 110 is arranged in a lower region - near a bottom wall - of the container 104 and that a flow direction runs opposite to the flow direction according to the first embodiment.
- the discharge line section 120a is arranged on the bottom wall 142 of the container 104.
- the supply line section 120b is in one with respect to FIG.
- the upper region of the container 104 is arranged in the direction of gravity and protrudes into the fiber dispersion 108.
- the ceramization is preferably carried out as described above.
- the suction side 114 is formed by an outer surface of the sieve mold 110 and the deposition side 116 is arranged in an interior space and / or on an inside of the sieve mold 110.
- a flow is generated from the interior and / or the inside to the surroundings of the sieve mold 110 and the fibers are deposited on an inside of the sieve mold 110.
- Base body which is pierced by regularly arranged through openings 112.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 A supporting core of a sieve mold 110 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which core increases the stability of the sieve mold 110.
- a mesh screen preferably made of metal, for example metal gauze, is placed over the supporting core.
- An envelope of the screen shape 110 is in the present case at least approximately in the form of a hollow cylinder.
- a connecting section 144 adjoins the at least approximately hollow cylinder-shaped base body, which in FIG assembled state is connected to line sections 120 of the line device 118. The flow is guided from the sieve mold 110 into the conduit device 118 through the connecting section 144.
- FIG. 5 shows a section of a computer tomography recording of a near-net-shape fiber body 100 after consolidation. It can be seen from the picture that the fibers are retained as fiber bundles - so-called rovings - and that there is little fiber in the Z-direction.
- the Z-direction is the respective direction which is arranged transversely to the surface along which the fibers are oriented. As already mentioned, this surface is parallel to the envelope of the screen shape 110.
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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DE102019115039.6A DE102019115039A1 (de) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines endkonturnahen Faserkörpers, Faserkörper, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Bauteils und keramisches Bauteil |
PCT/EP2020/064668 WO2020244984A1 (de) | 2019-06-04 | 2020-05-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines endkonturnahen faserkörpers, faserkörper, verfahren zur herstellung eines keramischen bauteils und keramisches bauteil |
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EP20729978.5A Pending EP3980388A1 (de) | 2019-06-04 | 2020-05-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines endkonturnahen faserkörpers, faserkörper, verfahren zur herstellung eines keramischen bauteils und keramisches bauteil |
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EP (1) | EP3980388A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019115039A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020244984A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3840781A1 (de) | 1988-12-03 | 1990-06-07 | Hoechst Ag | Faserverbundkeramik und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
FR2686874B1 (fr) | 1992-02-04 | 1994-09-23 | Europ Propulsion | Procede de fabrication de pieces en materiau composite a matrice ceramique. |
JP3414391B1 (ja) | 2002-05-24 | 2003-06-09 | 三菱化学産資株式会社 | 摺動材 |
ATE366717T1 (de) * | 2003-01-08 | 2007-08-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Keramik-faser-verbundwerkstoff und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
EP2046700B1 (de) * | 2006-07-14 | 2019-09-11 | Freni Brembo S.p.A. | Bremsband-verbundstruktur |
WO2011007184A2 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-20 | Carbon Fibre Preforms Ltd | A fibre matrix and a method of making a fibre matrix |
DE102011001065A1 (de) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-08 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Carbidkeramischer Werkstoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines carbidkeramischen Werkstoffs |
JP2012036018A (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-23 | Ibiden Co Ltd | 炭素繊維強化炭素複合材及びその製造方法 |
DE102013216437A1 (de) | 2013-08-20 | 2015-02-26 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Verwendung von Faser-Keramik-Verbunden in der Papiermaschine |
EP3463615A1 (de) * | 2016-05-25 | 2019-04-10 | Unifrax I LLC | Filterelement und verfahren zur herstellung davon |
JP2021525321A (ja) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-09-24 | オルクリ エセ コープ | 連続複合表面及びバーナー表面 |
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- 2019-06-04 DE DE102019115039.6A patent/DE102019115039A1/de active Pending
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- 2020-05-27 EP EP20729978.5A patent/EP3980388A1/de active Pending
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WO2020244984A1 (de) | 2020-12-10 |
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