EP3976314A1 - Procédé permettant de régler la monture d'un élément optique monté dans une monture, composant optique et ensemble optique - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de régler la monture d'un élément optique monté dans une monture, composant optique et ensemble optique

Info

Publication number
EP3976314A1
EP3976314A1 EP20729645.0A EP20729645A EP3976314A1 EP 3976314 A1 EP3976314 A1 EP 3976314A1 EP 20729645 A EP20729645 A EP 20729645A EP 3976314 A1 EP3976314 A1 EP 3976314A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical
mount
optical surface
orientation
pose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20729645.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Frank
Michael Schulz
Manfred Kresser
Martin Weiss
Tobias BEIER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jenoptik AG
Original Assignee
Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102019115544.4A external-priority patent/DE102019115544A1/de
Application filed by Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH filed Critical Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Publication of EP3976314A1 publication Critical patent/EP3976314A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/003—Alignment of optical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00932—Combined cutting and grinding thereof
    • B29D11/00942—Combined cutting and grinding thereof where the lens material is mounted in a support for mounting onto a cutting device, e.g. a lathe, and where the support is of machinable material, e.g. plastics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/005—Blocking means, chucks or the like; Alignment devices
    • B24B13/0055—Positioning of lenses; Marking of lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for adapting the mount of an optical element mounted in a mount, with at least one first optical surface which has no rotational symmetry with respect to an imaging axis of the optical element.
  • the invention relates to an optical component with a mount and an optical element mounted in the mount with at least one first optical surface which has no rotational symmetry with respect to an imaging axis of the optical element, and to an optical assembly with at least one such optical component.
  • Optical elements such as lenses, mirrors, diffraction gratings or the like are generally held in a mount in order to build them into an optical device with the mount.
  • Optical elements can also be made up of two or more individual elements, with the connection being able to be established by form fit, force fit or material fit (gluing, cementing, etc.).
  • careful adjustment of the imaging axis (s) of the optical element or that of the optical elements in relation to an imaging axis of the optical device is important in order to be able to achieve the required optical performance of the optical device with the optical elements.
  • the outer surfaces are processed as reference surfaces of the mount in such a way that, when installed in a holding element of the optical device, they define the position and / or orientation of the mount in the mount such that the position and / or orientation of the imaging axis in the mount captured optical element coincides with the position and / or the orientation of the imaging axis of the optical device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for adapting the mount of an optical element mounted in a mount, which provides greater flexibility in compensating for deviations in the position and / or orientation of the optical surface of the mount optical element of a target position and / or a target orientation. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an advantageous optical element and an advantageous optical assembly.
  • the first object is achieved by a method for adapting the mount of an optical element mounted in a mount according to claim 1, the other objects by an optical component according to claim 15 or an optical assembly according to claim 19.
  • the dependent claims contain advantageous embodiments of the invention .
  • a method for adapting the mount of an optical element mounted in a mount with at least one first optical surface, which has no rotational symmetry with respect to an imaging axis of the optical element, to a deviation of an actual pose of the first optical surface from a target Pose the first optical surface provided in the frame is understood to mean the combination of position and orientation of an object, here an optical surface.
  • pose is understood to mean the combination of position and orientation of an object, here an optical surface.
  • the target pose of the optical surface in the frame thus indicates the target position and the target orientation of the optical surface in the frame.
  • the actual pose accordingly indicates the actual position and the actual orientation of the surface in the frame, which can deviate from the target position and the target orientation.
  • the at least one optical surface can be a refractive optical surface, a reflective optical surface, a diffractive optical surface, or a combination thereof.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical first optical surface can have a so-called form-rotational symmetry, ie the optical surface can definitely have rotational symmetry about an axis running at an angle to the imaging axis, but no rotational symmetry about the imaging axis.
  • Examples of surfaces with a shape rotational symmetry are toric surfaces or cylindrical surfaces which have a rotational symmetry about an axis perpendicular to the imaging axis.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical first optical surface can, however, also be a surface without any rotational symmetry, in particular a free-form surface.
  • a free-form surface is understood to be a complex surface that can be represented by means of regionally defined functions.
  • the regionally defined functions can - but need not - be continuously or continuously differentiable and in particular twice continuously differentiable.
  • Examples of regionally defined functions are polynomial functions, including, in particular, polynomial splines, such as, for example, cubic splines, higher degree splines of the 4th degree or higher, or polynomial non-uniform rational B-splines (nurbs).
  • polynomial splines such as, for example, cubic splines, higher degree splines of the 4th degree or higher
  • polynomial non-uniform rational B-splines nurbs
  • a freeform surface does not need to have any axial symmetry or point symmetry.
  • Free-form surfaces can be produced numerically controlled on the basis of a mathematical description of the surface using CNC processes.
  • the optical element and the mount do not necessarily have to be elements produced separately, ie the optical element does not need to be a part produced separately from the mount and fitted into the mount after manufacture.
  • a plastic component can be produced by injection molding which comprises both a section representing the optical element with the first optical surface and a section representing the mount. Inaccuracies in injection molding can lead to Deviation of the actual pose of the first optical surface from the target pose of the first optical surface lead.
  • the first optical surface for example in the case of a reflective surface, can be produced by machining the surface of a section of a metal blank, for example by means of milling, the machined section forming the optical element and the non-machined section forming the mount. Inaccuracies when processing the surface can lead to a deviation of the actual pose of the first optical surface from the target pose of the first optical surface.
  • the method according to the invention for adapting the frame comprises the steps:
  • the at least one reference element defines at least one specific azimuthal alignment of the mount in the predefined coordinate system.
  • An azimuthal alignment of the mount is to be understood as a defined alignment of the mount in a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis of the optical element.
  • the azimuthal alignment can be determined by an angle between a defined line of the mount and a defined direction of the coordinate system within the plane perpendicular to the imaging axis of the optical surface will.
  • the determined azimuthal alignment of the mount in the specified coordinate system can in particular be defined in that the reference element is not formed rotationally symmetrical about the imaging axis of the first optical surface.
  • positional and / or orientation deviations of the superordinate assembly in which the version having the reference element is to be installed can also be taken into account.
  • Such positional and / or orientation deviations of the higher-level assembly which can result, for example, from positional and / or orientation deviations of interfaces of the higher-level assembly, can be determined by measurement and taken into account when calculating the target pose for the first optical surface.
  • the target pose does not necessarily have to reflect the ideal position and orientation according to the drawing. Instead, it can also take into account position and / or orientation that compensates for position and / or orientation errors of the higher-level assembly in such a way that they are compensated for by the target pose.
  • the orientation of the frame can be set in a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis compared to the rotated frames described above. Since the rotated mounts are processed with the aim of bringing the axis of symmetry of the mount to coincide with the imaging axis of the optical element, the resulting outer lateral surface of the mount is rotationally symmetrical about the imaging axis. A specific azimuthal alignment of the optical element cannot thus be established.
  • the at least one reference element can in particular be designed in such a way that it not only defines a specific azimuthal direction of the mount in the specified coordinate system, but also a specific orientation of the mount in all three rotational degrees of freedom.
  • the at least one reference element then enables a precise orientation of the optical surface of the mounted optical element in a folding element of an optical assembly.
  • the at least one reference element can be designed in such a way that, in addition to the azimuthal alignment of the mount and, if necessary, the alignment of the mount in all three rotational degrees of freedom, a position of the mount in at least two translational degrees of freedom and in particular in all three translational degrees of freedom defined.
  • the at least two translational degrees of freedom are preferably the translational degrees of freedom in a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis of the optical element.
  • the quality of the effect achieved with the optical surface generally depends heavily on the position of the optical surface in a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis. Even slight incorrect positioning of the position within a surface perpendicular to the imaging axis can therefore severely impair the optical effect of the optical element mounted in an optical device.
  • the change in the position and / or orientation of the frame in the specified coordinate system can be determined and defined with the at least one reference element in such a way that a translational deviation of the actual position of the optical surface from the target Position is compensated within a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis.
  • the method according to the invention can in particular also be configured in this way be that by changing the position and / or orientation of the frame, the deviation of an actual pose from a target pose of the optical surface can be compensated for in all six degrees of freedom.
  • the change in the position and / or the orientation of the mount can be determined by adapting the actual pose of the first optical surface to the desired pose of the first optical surface.
  • the change in the actual pose of the first optical surface which results from the adaptation of the actual pose to the target pose of the first optical surface, then represents the change in the position and / or the orientation of the frame.
  • the nominal pose of the first optical surface can be given by the position of a number of nominal surface points in the specified coordinate system. For a number of surface measuring points of the first optical surface, the respective position in the predefined coordinate system is then recorded by measuring technology. The determined positions of the surface measuring points then represent the actual pose of the first optical surface.
  • the adaptation of the actual pose of the first optical surface to the desired pose of the first optical surface then takes place by adapting the position of the surface measurement points to the position of the desired surface points.
  • the relative position of the surface measuring points to one another is not changed.
  • the metrological detection of the position of the at least three surface measuring points in the specified coordinate system can be done by point-by-point measurement, by line-by-line measurement or by surface measurement.
  • wavefront sensors, photogrammetry or reflectometry can be used for flat measurements.
  • the described embodiment of the method enables the change in the position and / or the orientation of the frame to be determined using common algorithms for adapting the actual pose to the target pose of the optical surface, whereby the necessary computational effort - but usually also the precision of the Adaptation - increases with the number of measuring points.
  • a suitable number of surface measuring points and target surface points can be selected.
  • reaching a minimum of the objective function, falling below a predetermined limit value of the objective function or reaching a certain number of iterations can serve as termination criterion.
  • a check is carried out for each surface measuring point to determine whether it fulfills a predetermined quality criterion.
  • a possible quality criterion would be the maximum distance between a surface measuring point and the target surface. Metrological outliers can thereby be eliminated.
  • In order to adapt the position of the surface measuring points to the position of the target surface points only those surface measuring points are taken into account that meet the quality criterion. This can ensure that sufficiently good measurement data are available for performing the optimization.
  • checking the signal intensity of the light reflected from the first optical surface can be used as an additional or alternative quality criterion.
  • a lower threshold value can be defined for the signal intensity, which must be reached or exceeded in order to qualify the reflected light as a valid signal.
  • the threshold value can, taking into account the maximum expected inclination of surface areas of the first optical surface and the maximum expected distance from surface areas of the first optical surface can be determined by the sensor used.
  • the number of the surface measuring points can be masked so that only those surface measuring points are taken into account for the adaptation of the actual pose to the target pose, which are in a region of the surface relevant to the desired optical effect of the surface. This means that form errors in the surface outside the relevant optical area (e.g. polishing overflow) cannot falsify the actual pose and / or the computational effort is reduced.
  • the determination of the change in the position and / or the orientation of the frame can in particular take place iteratively within the scope of the method according to the invention. This offers the possibility of repeating the method until a sufficiently good compensation of the deviation of the actual pose from the target pose of the first optical surface or a sufficiently precise adaptation of the actual pose to the target pose of the first optical surface is achieved.
  • the fulfillment of the quality criterion for the surface measuring points taken into account can optionally be checked again at least once. From the next iteration step onwards, only those surface measuring points are taken into account that again meet the quality criterion. In this way, it can be avoided that measuring points that are too imprecise prevent the achievement of a better compensation of the deviation of the actual position from the target position of the first optical surface or the achievement of a better adaptation of the actual pose to the target pose.
  • the at least one reference element can be formed on the frame by removing machining and / or applying machining of the frame.
  • the ablative machining can in particular be a cutting or beam-based machining.
  • Coating processes or additive manufacturing that is to say a process in which a workpiece is made in layers from shapeless or Shape-neutral material using physical and / or chemical effects is used.
  • the removal and / or application processing of the mount can be performed CNC-controlled by means of a processing device having at least three positioning axes.
  • the three positioning axes can in particular include at least one rotary positioning axis and two translatory positioning axes.
  • a removing and / or applying machining can be implemented in such a way that a defined position can be achieved in two translational degrees of freedom in addition to the defined azimuthal position.
  • the fact that not only removing machining but also adding machining is used means that the freedom in creating the reference elements is considerably greater than in the case of centering turning described above.
  • the mount can be adapted to both the deviation of the actual pose of the first optical surface from the target Pose of the first optical surface in the mount as well as a deviation of the actual pose of the second optical surface from the target pose of the second optical surface in the mount. Since the deviation of the actual pose of the first optical surface from the target pose of the first optical surface generally does not correspond to the deviation of the actual pose of the second optical surface from the target pose of the second optical surface, the change in position is and / or the orientation of the frame in the predefined coordinate system to compensate for the deviations is mostly overdetermined.
  • a clearly determined change in the position and / or the orientation can be determined by a compensation calculation.
  • an optimal compromise for the simultaneous compensation of a deviation of the actual pose from the desired pose of the first optical surface and a deviation of the actual pose from the desired pose of the second optical surface can be achieved. If the second optical surface is rotationally symmetrical about its imaging axis, there is no overdetermination in the azimuthal alignment, so that no compensation calculation is then required with respect to the azimuthal alignment.
  • An optical component according to the invention comprises a mount and an optical element mounted in the mount with at least one first optical surface, which can be a refractive optical surface, a reflective optical surface, a diffractive optical surface or a combination thereof.
  • the first optical surface does not have any rotational symmetry with respect to an imaging axis of the optical element, it being possible in particular as a freeform surface, but also as a surface with shape-rotational symmetry.
  • the frame has at least one reference element that defines a position and / or orientation of the frame in a predetermined coordinate system, which indicates a deviation of an actual pose of the first optical surface from a target pose of the first optical surface in the frame in at least one degree of freedom compensates.
  • the at least one reference element defines at least one specific azimuthal position of the mount.
  • the at least one reference element of the mount makes it possible to use the optical component according to the invention in a holding element of an optical assembly in such a way that at least the deviation of the azimuthal actual orientation of the optical surface from its azimuthal target orientation is compensated for by the installation position of the mount in the holding element , so that the mounted optical element has at least one defined azimuthal alignment in the optical assembly after being installed in the optical assembly.
  • the at least one reference element defines a certain orientation of the frame in all three rotational degrees of freedom, such an orientation of the frame in the holding element can be achieved that a deviation of the actual orientation from the target orientation of the optical surface is compensated for in all three rotational degrees of freedom .
  • the at least one reference element in addition to the at least azimuthal position or in addition to the specific orientation of the mount, has one in all three rotational degrees of freedom certain position of the version in at least two translational
  • Degrees of freedom are preferably in a plane perpendicular to
  • Image axis of the optical element In particular in the case of free-form surfaces, translational deviations of the actual position from the desired position within a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis can be compensated for by corresponding positioning of the mount in the holding element. Since freeform surfaces are often very sensitive to a
  • the at least one reference element can also be designed in such a way that it allows the mount to be displaced along a defined direction. This makes it possible to provide captured reference elements in which the visual effect can be specifically influenced by moving free-form surfaces relative to one another.
  • the defined direction is preferably within a plane perpendicular to the imaging axis of the optical element.
  • Such optical elements known as Alvarez elements are described, for example, in WO 2007/037691 A2, in US 2017/0227747 A1 and in US 2013/027891 1 A1. With the help of Alvarez elements, for example, imaging errors can be specifically corrected for different focal planes, as is described in DE 10 2013 101 71 1 A1.
  • optical elements with free-form surfaces that can be displaced perpendicular to the optical axis also offer the possibility of deliberately introducing aberrations into an optical system, for example to bring about a soft focus effect in a photo lens, as is described, for example, in DE 10 2014 1 18 383 A1.
  • a similar use of optical elements with free-form surfaces that can be displaced perpendicular to the optical axis is also described in DE 10 2015 1 16 895 B3.
  • the defined direction can also be in the direction of the Mapping axis lie. This enables zoom functions in particular.
  • An optical assembly according to the invention comprises at least one optical component according to the invention and a folding element holding and adjusting the at least one optical component, the at least one reference element of the mount of the optical component interacting with the folding element for adjustment in such a way that a defined position and / or orientation of the first optical surface is created relative to the holding element.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, in the form of a flow chart, an exemplary embodiment for adapting the mount of an optical element mounted in a mount to a deviation of an actual pose of its optical surface from a target pose.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 in the form of a flow chart.
  • Figure 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment for a
  • FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment for an optical component with a mounted optical element.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third exemplary embodiment for an optical component with a mounted optical element.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment for an optical assembly with an optical component which comprises a mounted optical element.
  • FIG 2 describes the method used in the present exemplary embodiment for determining a change in position and / or the change in orientation of the frame to compensate for the deviation of the actual pose from the target pose.
  • the optical surface is an optical surface that has no rotational symmetry about the imaging axis.
  • the imaging axis of the optical surface is given by the main beam direction, given by the imaging function aimed at with the optical surface, of a beam passing through the optical surface.
  • the optical surface can in particular be a surface with shape-rotational symmetry, the symmetry axis of which has an angle to the imaging axis, typically a right angle to the imaging axis. Examples of such surfaces are toric surfaces or cylinder surfaces.
  • the optical surface can be designed as a free-form surface, which typically has neither point nor axis symmetries.
  • Parts of the method according to the invention are preferably carried out on a computer or a refraction unit specially designed to carry out the method.
  • the computer or the calculation unit can in particular be part of a CNC-controlled processing machine, with which the frame is processed in order to adapt the frame to the deviation of the actual pose from the target pose.
  • the target pose of an optical surface of the mounted optical element is specified in a predefined coordinate system in which the position and orientation of the mount are also specified.
  • Specifying the target pose can be done through Specifying the spatial positions of a number of desired surface points representing the optical surface take place in the predetermined coordinate system.
  • the positions of at least three target surface points are required in order to be able to clearly specify both the translational position and the orientation of the optical surface in the specified coordinate system. From the positions of the target surface points in relation to the origin of the specified coordinate system, the target pose, that is to say the target position and the target orientation, of the optical surface can easily be determined if the positions of the target surface points are also in relation are known on the optical surface.
  • the optical surface can be described in a coordinate system coupled to the optical element.
  • the desired surface points could be any points in the coordinate system coupled to the optical element, the position and orientation of which are known in relation to the predefined coordinate system.
  • the coordinates of points on the optical surface that are given in the coordinate system coupled to the optical element can then be transformed into coordinates of the predefined coordinate system by means of a coordinate transformation.
  • a different approach is chosen.
  • the respective spatial position is specified for a large number of target surface points lying on the optical surface, so that the target surface points represent a point cloud model of the optical surface in the target pose.
  • the spatial positions of a number of surface measuring points in the specified coordinate system are determined in step S2.
  • the actual position and the actual orientation of the optical surface in the specified coordinate system can already be determined from the recorded positions of three surface measuring points in the specified coordinate system, provided that the The position of the surface measuring points on the optical surface is known. In the present exemplary embodiment, however, a different approach is chosen.
  • the spatial positions of a large number of surface measurement points are recorded using measurement technology, so that the positions of the surface measurement points form a point cloud model of the optical surface in the specified coordinate system, provided they are recorded close enough.
  • the acquisition of the surface measuring points can take place by point-by-point acquisition of surface measuring points, by line-by-line acquisition of surface measuring points or by two-dimensional acquisition of surface measuring points.
  • the point-by-point acquisition of surface measurement points can be done for example by means of multi-wavelength interferometers, by means of chromatic sensors, by means of triangulation sensors, by means of tactile buttons, by means of confocal sensors, etc., the line-by-line acquisition of surface points for example by means of a linear scanner or the like.
  • Interferometric methods or wavefront sensors can be used to record surface measurement points over a large area.
  • Patterns of parallel light and dark stripes of different widths are projected sequentially onto the optical surface and recorded by at least two observation cameras.
  • the positions of the surface measuring points can then be calculated from the images recorded of the projected patterns.
  • Another example of the two-dimensional detection of surface measurement points is the projecting of a stripe pattern with sinusoidal intensity distributions onto a ground glass and the reflection of the pattern through the optical surface.
  • the pattern mirrored by the optical surface is recorded by at least one camera, it being possible to calculate the positions of surface measurement points from the distortion of the pattern in the recorded image.
  • Acquisition methods are used. For example, different methods can be carried out from opposite sides of the mounted optical element.
  • the selected method for detecting the positions of the surface measuring points can in particular be carried out by a processing machine, with the aid of which the at least one reference element is later formed on the mount.
  • the predefined coordinate system can be the coordinate system of the machine, so that the recording of the surface measuring points and the subsequent processing of the mount take place in the same coordinate system. If, on the other hand, the surface measuring points are recorded with a device separate from the processing machine, coordinate transformation is necessary before processing the mount. If, within the scope of the present invention, a predefined coordinate system is mentioned, this does not necessarily have to mean that all steps of the method are carried out in the same coordinate system. However, it is imperative that the coordinates of the coordinate systems used can be converted into one another by means of a known coordinate transformation. In this sense, a predetermined coordinate system is also to be understood as a group of coordinate systems which can be clearly converted into one another by means of coordinate transformations.
  • step S1 After the target pose of the optical surface has been specified in step S1 by specifying the spatial positions of a number of target surface points, a point cloud model is available that represents the optical surface in its target pose, and the positions in step S2 have been recorded close enough by surface measuring points so that the actual pose of the optical surface in the specified coordinate system point cloud model representing the optical surface is present, a change in the position and / or the orientation of the mount is determined in step S3 such that a deviation of the actual pose of the optical surface from the target pose of the optical surface due to the change in position and / or orientation of the frame in the predetermined coordinate system is compensated for at least in one degree of freedom.
  • Such a change in the position and / or orientation of the frame is preferably determined in the specified coordinate system that the complete actual orientation of the optical surface is adapted to the desired orientation by changing the position and / or orientation of the frame.
  • the change in the position and / or orientation of the mount also takes place in such a way that the actual translational position of the optical surface is also adapted to the desired translational position of the optical surface in at least two translational degrees of freedom. In particular, an adaptation in all three translational degrees of freedom is also possible.
  • optical elements with free-form surfaces it can be advantageous if the adaptation takes place only in two translational degrees of freedom, with, for example, the translational position not being fixed in a direction perpendicular to the imaging axis. This makes it possible to move mounted optical elements with free-form surfaces perpendicular to the imaging axis relative to one another in order to achieve different optical effects of the optical elements.
  • a first step of determining the change in the position and / or the orientation of the frame it is checked which of the recorded surface measurement points of the point cloud model representing the optical surface in the actual pose meet a specified quality criterion (step S31). Only those surface measuring points that meet the specified quality criterion are used in the further course of the process.
  • the formed by the surface measuring points used In the present exemplary embodiment, the point cloud model representing the optical surface in the actual pose is iteratively approximated by means of rigid transformations to the point cloud model formed by the target surface points and representing the optical surface in the target pose until an optimized rigid transformation is found after its execution the value of an objective function fulfills a predefined termination criterion (step S32).
  • a rigid transformation is a transformation that only changes the pose of the point cloud model, ie only the translational position and the orientation of the point cloud model, without changing the distances between the points of the point cloud model.
  • Such a procedure is known as point set registration or also as point mapping.
  • the target function represents a measure of the global deviation of the positions of the surface measurement points forming the point cloud model of the optical surface in the actual pose from the positions of the target surface points forming the point cloud model of the optical surface in the target pose.
  • the termination criterion of the target function can be, for example, achievement be a minimum of the objective function.
  • step S33 After each rigid transformation carried out in step S32, a check is made in step S33 to determine whether the value of the objective function meets the termination criterion. If the value of the objective function does not meet the termination criterion, the method returns to step S32 and carries out another transformation. Instead of to step S32, the method can also return to step S31, as indicated in FIG. 2 by the dashed arrow. In this case, the surface measuring points used are checked again to determine whether they meet the quality criterion. Only those surface measuring points that continue to meet the quality criterion can be used in the renewed transformation and when the value of the objective function is recalculated considered.
  • the method can in particular be designed in such a way that the quality criterion is only checked again after a certain number of iteration steps. If it turns out that the termination criterion of the objective function has not yet been reached even after a certain number of iterations, it is possible to use a stricter version of the quality criterion in order to increase the requirements for the surface measuring points used during the iteration.
  • step S34 in which at least one numerical model is constructed for at least one reference element to be formed on the frame, which model is the optimized rigid transformation obtained in the iterative method defined, ie which in connection with a reference surface in a holding element of an optical assembly leads to the fact that the mount of the optimized rigid transformation is positioned and / or oriented accordingly in the optical assembly.
  • a reference element is constructed which does not have any rotational symmetry with respect to the imaging axis.
  • the reference element is designed in such a way that it establishes a defined azimuthal orientation of the mount in the predefined coordinate system, so that with the aid of the reference element, a predefined azimuthal orientation of the mount and thus the optical surface of the mount optical element when installed in the optical assembly can be realized.
  • the surface can be masked on the surface area relevant for the desired optical effect of the surface.
  • this takes place in that the amount of surface measuring points is limited to that subset of surface measuring points which only contains surface measuring points that are in the surface area relevant for the desired optical effect of the surface.
  • To adapt the actual pose to the target pose only the surface measuring points from the subset are then used in the subsequent iterations Surface measuring points taken into account.
  • form defects in the surface outside the relevant optical area eg polishing overflow
  • Step S3 from FIG. 1 ends with step S34.
  • the method shown in FIG. 1 then proceeds to step S4, in which the at least one reference element constructed in step S34 is formed on the mount of the optical element by means of removing and / or applying machining of the mount.
  • the at least one reference element is formed by machining, i.e. exclusively by removing the version. It can be advantageous if the frame is oversized before machining, so that a removal on one side can be compensated for by a failure to remove on the other side.
  • milling is used as machining. Milling takes place in a CNC-controlled manner, using a processing machine which has at least two translatory and one rotary positioning axes with which a mounted optical element can be positioned in the machine in numerical control.
  • the method can also be used for compensation the actual poses of the target poses of several optical surfaces, in particular also a front surface and a rear surface of the optical element, are used. Since the deviations of the actual poses from the target poses for the various optical surfaces can be different, it can happen that the optimized rigid transformation is overdetermined, ie that different optimized rigid transformations are present for the optical surfaces. In order to be clear A clearing calculation can be used to obtain the result.
  • This can be designed, for example, in such a way that an averaged, optimized rigid transformation is obtained from the optimized rigid transformations, with weighted averaging also being able to take place.
  • the weights can be linked, for example, to the respective importance of the contributions of the individual optical surfaces for the image quality.
  • there is also the possibility of integrating the compensation into the objective function for example by including the deviations of the positions of the surface measurement points from the positions of the target surface points with a multiplication factor in the objective function for at least one of the optical surfaces. As a result, it can be achieved, for example, that in the iteration described with reference to FIG. 2 for finding the optimized rigid transformation for an optical surface, greater deviations of the positions of the surface measurement points from the positions of the target surface points are permitted than for another optical surface.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment for an optical component 1 according to the invention with a holder 3 which is rectangular in the present exemplary embodiment and an optical element 5 which is held in the holder 3 and which is likewise rectangular in the present exemplary embodiment.
  • the optical element 5 has an optical surface 7 Free-form surface that has neither point nor axial symmetry.
  • the optical component shown in FIG. 3 has a number of reference elements 9a to 9C, 13, 17A and 17B, which in the present exemplary embodiment have end faces designed as contact surfaces 1 1 A to 1 1 C, 15, 19A and 19B.
  • the reference elements come with the contact surfaces 1A to 1 1 C, 15, 19A and 19B 9a to 9C, 13, 17A and 17B when installed in a holding element 21 of an optical assembly 20 on reference surfaces 23, 25 of the holding element for contact (see FIG. 6), whereby the position and orientation of the mount 3 in the holding element 21 and thus in the optical assembly 20 set.
  • the distance of the reference elements 9A to 9C from the surface 4 of the mount 3 defines the position of the mount 3 along the imaging axis A
  • the inclination of the contact surfaces 1 1A to 1 1 C relative to the surface 4 defines the orientation of the mount 3 in two rotational degrees of freedom.
  • the inclinations of the contact surfaces 11A to 11C in the present exemplary embodiment are identical so that they can interact with the same flat reference surface. In the case of non-flat reference surfaces or if the contact surfaces 1 1A to 1 1 C are to interact with different reference surfaces, the contact surfaces 1 1A to 1 1 C can also have different inclinations relative to the surface 4, depending on the orientation of the reference surface with which a contact surface interacts exhibit. In the present exemplary embodiment, only the azimuthal orientation of the mount 3 in relation to the imaging axis A is determined by the contact surfaces 11A to 11C.
  • Another reference element 13 is located on one of the short circumferential surfaces 8 of the mount 3. As with the other reference elements, its contact surface 15A comes to rest on a reference surface 23, 25 of the holding element 21 of the optical assembly 20. The distance between the contact surface 15A and the short peripheral surface 8 defines the position of the mount 3 in the holding element in a first direction perpendicular to the imaging axis A.
  • Two further reference elements 17A, 17B with contact surfaces 19A, 19B are located on one of the long circumferential surfaces 10 of the mount 3. With the help of the distance between their contact surfaces 19A, 19B and the long circumferential surface 10, they define the position of the mount 3 in the holding element in a second Direction perpendicular to the imaging axis A.
  • the azimuthal orientation of the mount 3 about the imaging axis A is determined.
  • the inclinations of the surfaces 15, 17A and 17B that are necessary to establish the azimuthal orientation depend in each case on the orientations of the reference surfaces on which they come to rest.
  • FIG. 1 A second exemplary embodiment for an optical component 101 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1
  • the optical component from FIG. 4 like the optical component from FIG. 3, has a rectangular mount 103 and a rectangular optical element 105 with a free-form surface 107 mounted in the mount.
  • it has three reference elements 109A, 109B and 109C with contact surfaces 1 1 1 A, 1 1 1 B and 1 1 1 C on the upper side 104 of the mount 103, which in their function and configuration correspond to the reference elements 9A, 9B and 9C from FIG 3 accordingly.
  • the optical element 105 also corresponds to the optical element 5 from FIG. 3.
  • the optical component 101 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the optical component 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that there are no cylindrical reference elements on the long circumferential surface. Instead, in the present exemplary embodiment, a reference element in the form of a groove 113 with a V-shaped cross section is formed in at least one of the long circumferential surfaces.
  • the wall surfaces 1 15A, 1 15B of the groove 1 13 define contact surfaces which interact with the surfaces of a projection with a roof-shaped cross section formed in the holding element of an optical assembly.
  • the surfaces with the roof-shaped cross-section represent reference surfaces of the holding element
  • the interaction of the wall surfaces 1 15A, 1 15B of the groove 1 13 with these reference surfaces defines the position of the socket 103 along the imaging axis A and along a direction perpendicular to the imaging axis A and the direction of the longitudinal extension of the groove Version 103 fixed.
  • the groove can extend deeper into the material of the mount 103 at one end than at its other end. The groove extends linearly between the two ends, so that the longitudinal direction of the groove defines an azimuth angle of the mount.
  • the wall surfaces 115A, 115B of the groove 115 serve in the present exemplary embodiment as sliding surfaces that can slide relative to the engaging roof-shaped projection of the holding element. This makes it possible to move and position the holder 103 in a targeted manner by means of a suitable drive along the expansion direction of the groove, as is indicated in FIG. 4 by a double arrow.
  • the production of the optical component 101 can take place, as in the production of the optical component 1 shown in FIG. 3, by removing machining of the mount 103
  • FIG. 1 A third exemplary embodiment for an optical component according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the optical component 201 of the third exemplary embodiment comprises, like the previous exemplary embodiments, a rectangular mount 203 with a rectangular optical element 205 held therein, which has a free-form surface 207 as an optical surface.
  • There are five contact surfaces 21 1A to 21 1 E in the mount which are formed in recesses 209A, 209B of mount 203.
  • Adjustment projections of a holding element of an optical assembly which extend adjustment surfaces, engage in the recesses 209A, 209B in such a way that the contact surfaces 21 1A to 21 1 E rest on the adjustment surfaces.
  • the position of the mount 203 along a first direction perpendicular to the imaging axis A is determined by the distance between the contact surface 21 1 D and the short circumferential surface 106B.
  • the second direction perpendicular to the imaging axis A is determined by the position of the recesses 209A, 209B between the two long circumferential surfaces 210A, 210B of the mount 203.
  • the recesses 209A, 209B are largely centrally between the two long circumferential surfaces 21 OA, 21 OB, but they could also be closer to one of the long circumferential surfaces than to the other long circumferential surface, which means a different position of the socket along a would define parallel direction to the longitudinal extent of the short circumferential surfaces.
  • the positions of the recesses 209A, 209B between the two long circumferential surfaces 210A, 210B in the present exemplary embodiment also define the azimuthal orientation of the mount 203 about the imaging axis A.
  • the recess 209A could be moved to one of the two long circumferential surfaces, whereas the recess 209B is moved to the other of the two long circumferential surfaces, the inclination of the contact surfaces 21 1 A to 21 1 E being changed in such a way that the adjusting projections continue to be in the recesses 209A, 209B can engage.
  • the contact surfaces 21 1 A to 21 1 E in conjunction with the adjustment surfaces of the adjustment projections of the holding element would result in a different azimuthal orientation of the mount 203.
  • the recesses 209A, 209B enable the optical component to be displaced along the adjustment projections guided in the recesses.
  • the mount 203, and thus the optical element 205 can then be shifted and positioned in a targeted manner along the imaging axis A by means of a suitable drive, as is indicated in FIG. 5 by a double arrow.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment for an optical assembly according to the invention is described below with reference to FIG.
  • the figure shows an optical assembly 20 with a holding element 21 and an optical component 1 held by the holding element 21.
  • the optical component 1 contains an optical element 5 which is held in the mount 3 and has a Free-form surface 7 as an optical surface.
  • the rear surface 8 of the optical element 5 is designed as a flat surface in the present exemplary embodiment. Due to tolerances, the optical element 5 is slightly tilted with respect to its mount 3, so that the actual pose of the free-form surface 7 and the actual pose of the plane surface 8 in the mount 3 deviate from their target poses in the mount 3.
  • the mount 3 is therefore provided with reference elements which define a specific position and orientation of the mount 3 in the holding element 21.
  • the holding element 21 has adjustment surfaces 23, 25, with which the contact surfaces 11 of the reference elements 9 interact to determine the position and orientation of the mount 3 in the holding element 21.
  • the holding element 21 comprises a fixing part 27 with which the holder 3 is fixed in the holding element, and which also has an adjustment surface 29 which interacts with contact surfaces 11 of the reference elements 9.
  • the present invention has been described in detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments for explanatory purposes. However, a person skilled in the art recognizes that it is possible to deviate from the exemplary embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical optical surface does not need to be a free-form surface, but can be another surface that has no rotational symmetry about the imaging axis A.
  • the reference elements do not need to have the form shown in the exemplary embodiments. It is only important that they are suitable for clearly defining at least the azimuthal orientation of the optical surface in relation to the imaging axis.
  • the version differing from the illustrated embodiments have a shape other than rectangular.
  • the mount could also have a round shape, the reference elements then being able to be implemented, for example, in the form of recesses in the manner of the recesses shown in FIG.
  • Other geometric shapes of the mounts and the optical elements are also fundamentally possible, with no restrictions whatsoever with regard to the shape.
  • the profile of the groove shown in FIG. 4 can deviate from the profile shown, or there can be several grooves in the same area or in areas facing away from one another.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Lens Barrels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant optique (1) pourvu d'une monture (3) et d'un élément optique (5) monté dans la monture (3). L'élément optique (5) présente une première surface optique (7) qui ne présente aucune symétrie en rotation par rapport à un axe d'imagerie (A) de l'élément optique (5). La monture (3) présente au moins un élément de référence (9) qui définit une position et/ou une orientation de la monture (3) dans un système de coordonnées prédéfini, de façon à compenser un écart d'une pose réelle de la première surface optique (7) par rapport à une pose de consigne de la première surface optique (7) dans la monture (3) au moins selon un degré de liberté. Ledit élément de référence (9) définit au moins une position azimutale spécifique de la monture (3). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé permettant de régler la monture (3) d'un élément optique (5) qui est monté dans une monture (3) et comporte au moins une première surface optique (7), laquelle ne présente aucune symétrie en rotation par rapport à un axe d'imagerie (A) de l'élément optique (5), à un écart d'une pose réelle de la première surface optique (7) par rapport à une pose de consigne de la première surface optique (7) dans la monture (3).
EP20729645.0A 2019-05-31 2020-05-15 Procédé permettant de régler la monture d'un élément optique monté dans une monture, composant optique et ensemble optique Pending EP3976314A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019114653 2019-05-31
DE102019115544.4A DE102019115544A1 (de) 2019-06-07 2019-06-07 Verfahren zum Anpassen der Fassung eines in einer Fassung gefassten optischen Elementes, optisches Bauteil und optische Baugruppe
PCT/EP2020/063695 WO2020239480A1 (fr) 2019-05-31 2020-05-15 Procédé permettant de régler la monture d'un élément optique monté dans une monture, composant optique et ensemble optique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3976314A1 true EP3976314A1 (fr) 2022-04-06

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EP20729645.0A Pending EP3976314A1 (fr) 2019-05-31 2020-05-15 Procédé permettant de régler la monture d'un élément optique monté dans une monture, composant optique et ensemble optique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20220221678A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3976314A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114051589A (fr)
WO (1) WO2020239480A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10322587B4 (de) 2003-05-15 2005-08-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Referenzflächen an Fassungen optischer Elemente durch eine spanende Bearbeitung sowie damit hergestellte optische Elemente
WO2007037691A2 (fr) 2005-07-01 2007-04-05 Michiel Christiaan Rombach Lentilles variables pour modules numériques optiques
WO2008064859A2 (fr) 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Carl Zeiss Smt Ag Système optique à dispositif de manipulation échangeable de réduction des aberrations d'images
WO2013052014A1 (fr) 2011-10-07 2013-04-11 National University Of Singapore Système de lentille zoom basé sur système microélectromécanique (mems)
DE102013101711A1 (de) 2013-02-21 2014-08-21 Carl Zeiss Microscopy Gmbh Objektiv und optisches Beobachtungsgerät
DE102014012354A1 (de) * 2014-08-25 2016-02-25 Innolite Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur ultrapräzisen Bearbeitung einer Referenzfläche eines eine optische Achse aufweisenden Werkstücks
DE102014118383B4 (de) 2014-12-11 2018-09-13 Carl Zeiss Ag Objektiv für eine Foto- oder Filmkamera und Verfahren zum gezielten Dämpfen bestimmter Raumfrequenzbereiche der Modulations-Transfer-Funktion eines derartigen Objektivs
DE102015116895B3 (de) 2015-10-05 2016-11-03 Jos. Schneider Optische Werke Gmbh Fotografisches Objektiv
DE102016014834B3 (de) 2016-12-14 2018-04-19 Innolite Gmbh Verfahren zur ultrapräzisen Zentrierbearbeitung einer transmittiven oder reflektiven Optik, insbesondere einer Linse mit einer asphärischen oder frei geformten vorderen Linsenfläche

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US20220221678A1 (en) 2022-07-14
WO2020239480A1 (fr) 2020-12-03
CN114051589A (zh) 2022-02-15

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