EP3974670A1 - Lagerwerkstoff mit festem schmiermittel - Google Patents

Lagerwerkstoff mit festem schmiermittel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3974670A1
EP3974670A1 EP21198355.6A EP21198355A EP3974670A1 EP 3974670 A1 EP3974670 A1 EP 3974670A1 EP 21198355 A EP21198355 A EP 21198355A EP 3974670 A1 EP3974670 A1 EP 3974670A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing material
particulate
bearing
solid lubricant
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21198355.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3974670B1 (de
Inventor
Dr. Jennifer HARVEY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Mahle Engine Systems UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Mahle Engine Systems UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH, Mahle Engine Systems UK Ltd filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP3974670A1 publication Critical patent/EP3974670A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3974670B1 publication Critical patent/EP3974670B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1095—Construction relative to lubrication with solids as lubricant, e.g. dry coatings, powder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
    • C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
    • C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
    • C08K5/3492—Triazines
    • C08K5/34924—Triazines containing cyanurate groups; Tautomers thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
    • C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
    • C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
    • F16C17/022—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with a pair of essentially semicircular bearing sleeves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/10—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for both radial and axial load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/121—Use of special materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
    • F16C33/124—Details of overlays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
    • F16C33/127—Details of intermediate layers, e.g. nickel dams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F16C33/206—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/02—Crankshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/04—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/05—Metals; Alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/222—Triazines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/0403—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
    • C10M2217/0443—Polyamides used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/14—Composite materials or sliding materials in which lubricants are integrally molded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
    • F16C2202/52—Graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
    • F16C2202/54—Molybdenum disulfide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
    • F16C2204/12—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/20—Alloys based on aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/30—Fluoropolymers
    • F16C2208/32—Polytetrafluorethylene [PTFE]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/40—Imides, e.g. polyimide [PI], polyetherimide [PEI]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/58—Several materials as provided for in F16C2208/30 - F16C2208/54 mentioned as option
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/60—Polyamides [PA]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/42—Coating surfaces by spraying the coating material, e.g. plasma spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/48—Particle sizes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/18—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/22—Internal combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bearing material, and a bearing element.
  • the invention relates to an improved bearing material for use in an overlay forming a running surface or sliding surface of a plain bearing.
  • Bearing materials and elements embodying the present invention are particularly suitable for use in automotive environments, including for supporting rotatable or slidable engine components and for use as, or as part of, other rotatable or sliding engine components.
  • Such sliding engine components may include bearing lining shells, bushes, bearing surfaces of crankshafts, bearing surfaces of camshafts, bearing surfaces of connecting rods, thrust washers, bearing surfaces of a bearing block, bearing surfaces of a bearing cap, and piston assembly components such as piston rings, piston skirts, and cylinder walls and cylinder liners.
  • the main-bearing assemblies typically each comprise a pair of half bearings retaining a crankshaft that is rotatable about an axis.
  • Each half bearing is a generally semi-cylindrical bearing shell, and typically at least one is a flanged half bearing provided with a semi-annular thrust washer extending outwardly (radially) at each axial end.
  • bearing surfaces of bearing shells conventionally have a layered construction, in which a substrate comprising a strong backing material is coated with one or more layers having preferred tribological properties to provide a bearing surface that, in use, faces a cooperating moving part such as a crankshaft journal.
  • the substrate comprises a backing coated with a lining layer, and the substrate is in turn coated with an overlay formed from a bearing material.
  • the overlay is typically between about 6 and about 25 micrometres thick and may be formed of a plastic polymer-based composite layer or a metal-alloy layer (e.g. a tin-based alloy overlay).
  • the function of the overlay is to provide a relatively soft, conformable layer that can accommodate any small misalignments between the harder steel crankshaft journal and the bearing shells, and receive and embed dirt particles that may circulate in the oil supply and enter the bearing, so as to prevent damage to or scoring of the journal.
  • These functions of the overlay are respectively termed conformability and embedability.
  • Polymer-based bearing materials have become popular for use as overlays in recent years, and research into sliding components has resulted in a wide range of compositions of polymeric bearing materials.
  • Solid lubricants also known as dry lubricants, are used to improve the material frictional properties and to provide a self-lubricating effect.
  • the solid lubricants may improve seizure resistance of the bearing material. Seizure may occur when a bearing material, or an underlying metallic substrate becomes physically connected to the journal material. It is therefore highly advantageous to avoid seizure in bearing components. Fatigue and wear resistance of the bearing material may also be improved by the addition of solid lubricants, thereby increasing the working life of the bearing material.
  • bearing materials there is a need for bearing materials to exhibit high fatigue resistance. Fatigue is the process by which materials fail due to repeated loading and unloading at stresses below the ultimate strength of the material. Bearing surfaces and other sliding components need to be capable of being used for a high number of cycles without failure due to fatigue. High fatigue resistance is therefore desirable for bearing materials.
  • a bearing material comprising, a matrix of polyamide-imide polymer material, and a solid lubricant particulate.
  • the solid lubricant particulate has a median particle size of less than 1 micrometre.
  • PAI polyamide-imide
  • stop-start operation requires a typical engine to undergo a greatly increased number of stop-start operations.
  • full hydrodynamic lubrication may not be in place and so bearings such as crankshaft bearings need to be able to survive an increased number of non-hydrodynamically-lubricated start-up operations.
  • PAI-based bearing materials with suitable filler materials, have demonstrated superior performance to other polymer materials under such conditions.
  • the use of polyamide-imide polymer material in the bearing material of the present invention may thus advantageously provide a bearing material with good performance, including conformability and embedability.
  • solid lubricant particulate having a median particle size of less than about 1 micrometre improves fatigue resistance of the bearing material.
  • the improved fatigue resistance observed may be as a result of a reduced surface roughness associated with using smaller solid lubricant particulate.
  • Smaller solid lubricant particles results in a greater number of point contacts of solid lubricant particles exposed on the surface of the bearing material, for a given weight percentage of solid lubricant particulate.
  • SEM analysis it was estimated that a bearing material comprising PTFE solid lubricant particulate having a median particle size of about 300 nanometres had approximately four times as many solid lubricant point contacts on its surface compared to a bearing material containing the same weight fraction of PTFE solid lubricant particulate but with a particle size of about 3 micrometres.
  • the increased number and density of point contacts of solid lubricant improves the lubrication properties of the solid lubricant.
  • solid lubricant patriciate having a median particle size of less than 1 micrometre improves the fatigue properties of the bearing material. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is thought that solid lubricant particulate may act as crack initiation sites for fatigue cracks, the development of which may lead to fatigue failure of the bearing material. Where the solid lubricant particulate has a large particulate size, of larger than about 1 micrometre, these fatigue cracks are relatively deep and are generally aligned along a few axes. By contrast, where the solid lubricant particulate has a particle size of less than 1 micrometre, for example about 300 nanometres, the observed fracture structure is finer.
  • the fatigue cracks observed are considerably shallower and form a substantially multidirectional network. Accordingly, while solid lubricant particulate having a particle size of less than 1 micrometre is still thought to contribute to fatigue crack initiation, these cracks are believed to have less of a detrimental effect on the fatigue performance of the bearing material.
  • the term "median particle size” refers to the D50 value for the particulate distribution. In other words, it is the size of particle where half of mass of the particles in the distribution are larger than this size and half of the mass of the particles in the distribution are smaller than this size. Techniques for determining the D50 value of a particulate distribution would be familiar to the skilled person.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may be substantially homogenously distributed throughout the matrix of polyamide-imide polymer material.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may be any solid lubricant.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may comprise a fluoropolymer.
  • Fluoropolymers have been found to be particularly effective as solid lubricants.
  • suitable fluoropolymer include fluorinated ethylene-propylene (FEP), polyvinylfluoride (PVF), polyethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE).
  • FEP fluorinated ethylene-propylene
  • PVF polyvinylfluoride
  • ETFE polyethylenetetrafluoroethylene
  • Other suitable materials are envisaged and will be readily apparent to the skilled person.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may comprise more than one fluoropolymer.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may comprise more than 2, more than 4, or more than 5 different fluoropolymers.
  • the fluoropolymer comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE has been found to be the most effective of the fluoropolymers in terms of reducing the friction coefficient and improving the self-lubricating properties of the polymer-based overlay layer.
  • the bearing material may include only PTFE as a solid lubricant particulate. In other words, the bearing material may not include any solid lubricant particulate other than PTFE.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may comprise at least one of melamine cyanurate, molybdenum disulphide, tungsten disulphide, hexagonal boron nitride, metal sulphides with layered structures, and graphite.
  • melt cyanurate may be a particularly effective solid lubricant exhibiting superior fatigue and seizure resistance in the bearing material.
  • the solid lubricant particulate has a median particulate size of less than 1 micrometre.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may have a median particulate size of less than 990 nanometres, less than 950 nanometres, or less than 900 nanometres.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may have a median particle size of less than about 800 nanometres, less than about 600 nanometres, or less than about 400 nanometres.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may have a median particle size of more than about 50 nanometres.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may have a median particulate size of more than about 100 nanometres, more than about 200 nanometres, or more than about 300 nanometres.
  • solid lubricant particulate having a median particle size of less than about 50 nanometres may be less effective as a solid lubricant.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may have a median particle size of between about 50 nanometres and about 1 micrometre.
  • the solid lubricant may have a median particle size of between about 100 nanometres and about 800 nanometres, between about 200 nanometres and about 600 nanometres, or between about 300 nanometres and about 400 nanometres.
  • the solid lubricant particulate may have a median particulate size of about 300 nanometres.
  • the bearing material may comprise any amount of the solid lubricant particulate.
  • the bearing material comprises at least about 1 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, or at least about 8 wt% solid lubricant particulate.
  • the bearing material may comprise no more than about 20 wt%, no more than about 15 wt%, or no more than about 12 wt% solid lubricant particulate.
  • the bearing material may comprise between about 1 wt% and about 20 wt%, preferably between about 5 wt% and about 15 wt%, particularly preferably between about 8 wt% and about 12 wt% solid lubricant particulate.
  • the bearing material may comprise between about 5 wt% and about 12 wt% solid lubricant particulate.
  • the incorporation of solid lubricant particulate may advantageously improve the frictional properties of the bearing material.
  • this quantity of solid lubricant particulate may produce a bearing material with acceptable wear and seizure resistance characteristics.
  • the bearing material comprises about 10 wt% solid lubricant particulate.
  • weight percentages As used herein, with reference to the present invention, relative amounts of components in the bearing material are given in weight percentages (wt%). This refers to the dry weight percentages of each component. The skilled person would understand that this is the proportion of each component, given by weight, of the final bearing material following any curing steps and once any solvent has been removed.
  • the bearing material may comprise other components.
  • the bearing material may comprise a metallic particulate.
  • the inventors have further identified that the provision of metallic particulate may increase the conformability, and the thermal conductivity of the bearing material. This may advantageously improve heat distribution throughout the polymer matrix. Moreover, the provision of metallic particulate may improve the fatigue resistance of the bearing material.
  • the metallic particulate may comprise any metal.
  • the metallic particulate may comprise at least one of aluminium, aluminium alloys, copper, copper alloys, silver, tungsten, tin, and stainless steel.
  • the inventors of the present invention have identified that aluminium particulate provides the greatest improvement in fatigue resistance.
  • the metallic particulate may be any metallic particulate but preferably comprises metal flakes.
  • the flake-like nature of the particulate generally results in the maximum area of metallic particulate being exposed to a co-operating shaft journal by virtue of the plane of the flakes orientating generally parallel to the bearing surface.
  • the provision of flakes within the polymer-based overlay layer that are generally parallel to the bearing surface may be provided by spray deposition of the polymer-based overlay layer.
  • a further advantage of the platelet flake morphology of the metallic particulate is that the flakes are more securely bonded to the polymer-based matrix by virtue of the relatively large surface area of each individual flake, and thus resists metal flakes becoming plucked from the polymer-based matrix during engine operation.
  • the metallic particulate may comprise aluminium flakes.
  • the bearing material may comprise any amount of metallic particulate.
  • the bearing material comprises at least about 10 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, or at least about 24 wt% metallic particulate.
  • the bearing material may comprise no more than about 40 wt%, no more than about 35 wt%, no more than about 30 wt%, or no more than about 28 wt% metallic particulate.
  • the bearing material may comprise between about 10 wt% and about 40 wt%, between about 15 wt% and about 35 wt%, between about 20 wt% and about 30 wt%, or between about 24 wt% and about 28 wt% metallic particulate.
  • the inventors have found that the provision of less than about 10 wt% metallic particulate does not have a significant enhancing effect on the fatigue and seizure resistance of the overlay layer. It was also found that providing more than about 40 wt% metallic particulate may have an unacceptable and detrimental effect on the wear resistance of the bearing material. Additionally, providing more than about 40 wt% metallic particulate may compromise the structural integrity of the polymer matrix.
  • the bearing material comprises between about 24 wt% and about 28 wt% metallic particulate. In particularly preferred embodiments, the bearing material comprises about 26 wt% metallic particulate.
  • the bearing material may comprise one or more additional components.
  • the bearing material may comprise at least one of a dispersant, an adhesion agent, and a leveller.
  • a dispersant may advantageously ensure that the particulate content of the bearing material is evenly dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. This advantageously ensures that the bearing material has homogeneous and predictable properties.
  • the bearing material may comprise any amount of dispersant.
  • adhesion agent may advantageously enhance adhesion between the polymer matrix and the substrate onto which the bearing material is applied.
  • Suitable adhesion agents include silane material.
  • a suitable silane material may be gammaaminopropyltriethoxysilane (e.g. 3- aminopropyltriethoxysilane).
  • a suitable alternative silane material may comprise bis-(gamma- trimethoxysilpropyl)amine.
  • silane materials may promote stability of the polymer matrix of polyamide-imide polymer material.
  • the bearing material may comprise any amount of adhesion agent.
  • the bearing material may comprise at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2.5 wt%, or at least about 3 wt% adhesion agent.
  • the bearing material may comprise no more than about 15 wt%, no more than about 10 wt%, or no more than about 5 wt% adhesion agent.
  • the bearing material may comprise between about 1 wt% and about 15 wt %, between about 2.5 wt% and about 10 wt%, and about 3 wt% and about 5 wt% adhesion agent. In particularly preferred embodiments, the bearing material comprises about 5 wt% adhesion agent.
  • the leveller may act as a surface coating additive to improve wetting of the polymer matrix on a substrate, for example a metal substrate, when the polymer matrix is applied to the substrate. Improved wetting advantageously results in a bearing material having a more even thickness.
  • the bearing material may comprise any amount of leveller.
  • the balance of the bearing material may comprise the polyamide-imide polymer material.
  • the bearing material may comprise between 8 wt% and 12 wt% of the solid lubricant particulate, the solid particulate comprising PTFE particulate having a median particle size of about 300 nanometres, the bearing material further comprising between 24 wt% and 28 wt% of aluminium flakes, and between 3 wt% and 5 wt% of adhesion agent (silane).
  • adhesion agent silane
  • a bearing element comprising a substrate, and an overlay layer on the substrate, the overlay layer comprising a bearing material according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • bearing elements are as sliding bearings in combustion engines, for example crankshaft and/or camshaft supporting bearings, big end bearings and small end bushings.
  • Bearing elements embodying the invention are particularly suitable for use in vehicle engines, including those equipped with stop-start engine technology in which the engine is subjected to a substantially greater number of starts over the life of the engine than in conventional engines and in which the crankshaft is regularly accelerated from rest before a uniform hydrodynamic film of lubricant is established on the bearing/running surface.
  • Bearing elements embodying the invention may also be used to form any of a number of sliding surfaces on engine components including bushes, piston skirts, piston rings, liners, camshafts and conrods. They may also be used as, or as part of any of thrust washers, flanges and half liners. Other suitable applications are envisaged and will be readily apparent to the skilled person.
  • the substrate may comprise any suitable material.
  • the substrate comprises a strong metal to give the bearing element greater structural rigidity.
  • Suitable metallic substrate materials include: steel, aluminium, bronze, brass, bismuth, copper, nickel, tin, zinc, silver, gold and iron, or alloys of such materials.
  • the substrate may comprise a combination of two or more such materials or alloys.
  • Particularly suitable substrate materials for bearing elements embodying the present invention include steel, iron, aluminium, copper alloy, bronze, and brass alloys.
  • the overlay layer comprising the bearing material may have any thickness.
  • the overlay layer may have a thickness of at least about 1 micrometres, at least about 3 micrometres, or at least about 5 micrometres, or at least about 10 micrometres.
  • the overlay layer may have a thickness of no more than about 20 micrometres, no more than about 18 micrometres, no more than about 15 micrometres, or no more than about 14 micrometres.
  • the overlay layer may have a thickness of between about 1 micrometres and about 20 micrometres, between about 3 micrometres and about 18 micrometres, between about 5 micrometres and about 15 micrometres, or about 10 micrometres and about 14 micrometres.
  • the overlay layer has a thickness of between about 6 micrometres and about 14 micrometres, preferably between about 10 micrometres and about 12 micrometres.
  • the bearing material is provided as an overlay layer directly on the surface of the substrate. Where this is the case, there are no intermediate layers between the substrate and the bearing material.
  • the bearing element further comprises an intermediate layer between the substrate and the overlay layer.
  • the intermediate layer, or lining layer may advantageously provide an improved surface for adhesion of the bearing material when certain metallic substrate materials are used.
  • the intermediate layer may have a thickness of from about 0.1 millimetres to about 0.5 millimetres.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise any suitable material.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise at least one of aluminium, tin, nickel, silver, copper and/or iron or alloys comprising one or more of such materials.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise a combination of two or more of such materials/alloys.
  • the intermediate layer may also include an adhesion promoter and/or be subjected to a pre-treatment, for example a phosphating, chromating or silicating treatment.
  • the intermediate layer comprises aluminium-based material (e.g. aluminium-tin alloy) or a copper-based material (e.g. copper-tin bronze).
  • the intermediate layer comprises an aluminium-tin alloy.
  • a method of forming an overlay layer of bearing material on a substrate comprising steps of mixing polyamide-imide polymer material with solid lubricant particulate, and at least one solvent to form a pre-formulation, applying the pre-formulation to a substrate, and curing the pre-formulation to form an overlay layer of bearing material.
  • the solid lubricant particulate in the overlay layer of bearing material has a median particle size of less than 1 micrometre.
  • the solvent is included to facilitate the formation of a mixture which can be applied to the substrate.
  • the solvent can be employed in various proportions in order to achieve a particular desired viscosity of mixture for applying to the substrate.
  • the solvent comprises at least one of n-butyl acetate and n-ethyl pyrrolidone.
  • the method may further comprise adding at least one of a dispersant, an adhesion agent, and a leveller to the pre-formulation.
  • solid lubricant particulate may be added to polyamide-imide polymer and the solvent in a state in which the solid lubricant particulate has a median particle size of between about 4 micrometres and about 6 micrometres.
  • the solid lubricant particulate particles of this size are formed from agglomerates of smaller particles since it has been observed that by the time the finished bearing material is formed, the median particle size is less than 1 micrometre. It is thought that the agglomerates of solid lubricant particulate are broken down into smaller particles during the manufacture of the bearing material and overlay layer.
  • the step of applying the pre-formulation to the substrate may involve applying the pre-formulation directly to the surface of the substrate. Where this is the case, there are no intermediate layers between the substrate and the bearing material.
  • the step of applying the pre-formulation to the substrate may involve applying the pre-formulation to an intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer may be an intermediate layer as described above.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise an aluminium-based material or a copper-based material.
  • the method may further comprise a step of modifying the surface of the intermediate layer before the pre-formulating is applied.
  • the method may comprise a step of grit blasting the intermediate layer. This may roughen the surface of the intermediate layer and may advantageously improve the adhesion of the pre-formulation to the intermediate layer.
  • the method may further comprise a drying step once the pre-formulation has been applied to the substrate.
  • the drying step may be used to remove any solvent from the pre-formulation.
  • the drying step may take place before the curing step. Alternatively, there may be a combined drying and curing step.
  • the step of curing the pre-formulation to form an overlay layer of bearing material may comprise a thermal or a non-thermal process.
  • the curing process may be provided by baking the substrate with the deposited pre-formulation in an oven or irradiating the substrate with infrared radiation.
  • the curing process may be provided by exposing the deposited pre-formulation to ultraviolet light.
  • the time and temperature of the thermal curing step may be selected to achieve the desired level of polymer cross-linking of the polyamide-imide polymer material in the cured bearing material.
  • Any degree of polymer cross-linking may be achieved by varying the parameters of the curing process.
  • the degree of cross-linking of the polyamide-imide polymer material in the bearing material of the present invention may be less or lower than the degree of polymer cross-linking of polyamide-imide polymer materials in some bearing materials known in the art. It has surprisingly been found that the thermal curing parameters of the present invention lead to a degree of polymer cross-linking which provides advantageous properties in the behaviour of the polymer material. For example, it was found that the degree of polymer cross-linking in the polyamide-imide polymer material advantageously improved the fatigue resistance of the bearing material of embodiments of the present invention.
  • the method may further comprise applying a further amount of pre-formulation on top of the first amount of pre-formulation.
  • the overlay layer of bearing material may be built up with multiple layers of pre-formulation.
  • the pre-formulation is dried between each application of pre-formulation.
  • the method may include alternating steps of applying the pre-formulation and drying.
  • the method may comprise a curing step between each application of pre-formulation.
  • the method may include alternating steps of applying the pre-formulation and curing.
  • the method may comprise a single curing step once the desired number of layers of pre-formulation have been applied.
  • the provision of applying the pre-formulation in a plurality of discrete layers advantageously reduces the drying time since the solvent will be more readily removed from a thin layer rather than a thick layer of pre-formulation. Furthermore, it may advantageously allow for greater control of the thickness of the finished bearing material.
  • the step of applying the pre-formulation to the substrate may comprise at least one of spraying, and screen printing.
  • the step of applying the pre-formulation to the substrate may comprise at least one of ink-jet printing, spin coating, or transfer coating using a brush or roller.
  • any feature in one aspect of the invention may be applied to other aspects of the invention, in any appropriate combination.
  • method aspects may be applied to apparatus aspects, and vice versa.
  • any, some and/or all features in one aspect can be applied to any, some and/or all features in any other aspect, in any appropriate combination.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates a bearing element
  • the bearing element is a semi-cylindrical bearing shell 100, which is also commonly referred to as a half bearing or a half shell, for a main bearing assembly of an internal combustion engine for retaining a cylindrical journal of a crankshaft.
  • the bearing shell 100 has a layered construction incorporating a substrate comprising a steel substrate 102 and intermediate or lining layer 104 comprising a layer of copper-tin bronze material.
  • An overlay 106 of a bearing material is disposed on top of the intermediate layer 104.
  • Overlay layer 106 is formed from a bearing material comprising a polymer matrix of polyamide-imide polymer material with solid lubricant particulate dispersed within the polymeric matrix.
  • the bearing material comprises about 10 wt% solid lubricant particulate.
  • the solid lubricant particulate has a median particle size of about 300 nanometres.
  • the solid lubricant particulate is PTFE particulate.
  • the bearing material further comprises metallic particulate.
  • the bearing material comprises about 26 wt% metallic particulate.
  • the metallic particulate comprises aluminium flakes.
  • the aluminium flakes have a length of less than 10 ⁇ m in a longest dimension and less than 1 ⁇ m in a dimension perpendicular to a longest dimension.
  • the solid lubricant particulate, and metallic particulate are distributed substantially homogeneously throughout the polymer matrix.
  • the bearing material also comprises a leveller, the relative quantity of which is set out below.
  • An adhesion agent is also added to the pre-formulation shortly before the pre-formulation is applied to the intermediate layer.
  • the overlay layer comprising the bearing material has a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m.
  • the bearing element shown in Figure 1 is formed by the following method.
  • Polyamide-imide polymer material is mixed with PTFE particulate, aluminium flakes, a dispersant, and a leveller.
  • a solvent is added to the mixture to form a pre-formulation which is capable of being applied to a substrate.
  • the solvent comprises a mixture of n-butyl acetate and n-ethyl pyrrolidone.
  • the method further comprises providing a steel substrate 102 having an intermediate layer 104 provided on its surface.
  • the pre-formulation is then applied to the intermediate layer using spraying.
  • the applied pre-formulation is then dried to remove the solvent.
  • the dried pre-formulation is then cured using a thermal curing process at a temperature and for a duration to achieve a desired degree of cross-linking of the polyamide-imide polymer matrix.
  • the pre-formulation is cured to form an overlay layer of bearing material having the composition set out in Table 1.
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the relative surface roughness for four different bearing materials, Coating A, Coating B, Coating C, and Coating D.
  • the surface roughness shown on the vertical axis refers to the arithmetical mean roughness value (Ra) in micrometres.
  • Ra is the arithmetical mean of the absolute values of the profile deviations from the mean line of the roughness profile. Ra was measured in accordance with EN ISO 4287.
  • Each of the four different bearing materials have a composition as set out in Table 1.
  • the solid lubricant PTFE particulate in Coating A, Coating B, and Coating C has a median particle size of between 2 micrometres and 4 micrometres and are not according to the present invention.
  • the solid lubricant PTFE particulate in Coating D has a median particle size of about 300 nanometres and is according to the present invention.
  • the weight fraction of solid lubricant PTFE particulate in each example is the same.
  • the surface roughness of the sample according to the present invention, Coating D has a markedly lower surface roughness compared to the samples with larger solid lubricant PTFE particulate. As set out above, it is thought that this reduced surface roughness is as a result of more, but smaller, point contacts of solid lubricant particles exposed on the surface of the bearing material. A lower surface roughness may advantageously be associated with improved fatigue resistance.
  • the coating according to the present invention having a median particle size of about 300 nanometres exhibits the greatest total area of PTFE particles. Indeed, the coating according to the present invention surprisingly exhibits over three times the area of PTFE particles compared to the closest coating of the prior art (Coating B) despite containing the same weight fraction of PTFE particulate. As set out above, an increased area of PTFE particles exposed on the surface of the coating improves the lubrication properties of the solid lubricant leading to improved seizure and fatigue resistance.
  • Table 2 also shows that the coating according to the present invention having a median particle size of about 300 nanometres (Coating D) exhibits the greatest total number of individual PTFE particles. Indeed, the coating according to the present invention surprisingly exhibits over three times more individual PTFE particles compared to the closest coating of the prior art (Coating C) despite containing the same weight fraction of PTFE particulate. As set out above, the increased number of individual PTFE solid lubricant particles leads to a greater number of point contacts of solid lubricant particles exposed on the surface of the bearing material, for a given weight percentage of solid lubricant particulate. Again, this has been found to improve the lubrication properties of the solid lubricant.
  • Figure 3 shows a 500x micrograph obtained using a scanning electron microscope of the surface of bearing material sample following a rig test, Coating A, comprising solid lubricant PTFE particulate having a median particle size of between 2 micrometres and 4 micrometres.
  • the white scale bar has a length of 300 micrometres.
  • Figure 4 shows a 500x micrograph obtained using a scanning electron microscope of the surface of bearing material sample following a rig test, Coating D, comprising solid lubricant PTFE particulate having a median particle size of about 300 nanometres.
  • the white scale bar in Figure 4 has a length of 300 micrometres.
  • the sample containing smaller solid lubricant particulate ( Figure 4 ) has a considerably finer structure than the sample containing larger solid lubricant particulate.
  • the contrast shown in the micrographs identifies the fatigue cracks initiated by the solid lubricant particulate.
  • the fatigue cracks shown in Figure 4 are shallower and extend in a greater number of directions than the cracks in Figure 3 .
  • the finer, shallower, multidirectional morphology of the cracks in Figure 4 are associated with improved fatigue resistance compared to the cracks in Figure 3 .
  • bearings including a bearing material according to the present invention exhibit superior wear resistance compared to those of the prior art.
  • the present invention may equally apply to other sliding engine components, including semi-annular, annular or circular thrust washers, and bushes, and engines comprising such sliding engine components.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
EP21198355.6A 2020-09-24 2021-09-22 Lagerwerkstoff mit festem schmiermittel Active EP3974670B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2015126.2A GB2599119B (en) 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Bearing material with solid lubricant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3974670A1 true EP3974670A1 (de) 2022-03-30
EP3974670B1 EP3974670B1 (de) 2024-06-12

Family

ID=73197329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21198355.6A Active EP3974670B1 (de) 2020-09-24 2021-09-22 Lagerwerkstoff mit festem schmiermittel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20220090630A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3974670B1 (de)
CN (1) CN114250099A (de)
BR (1) BR102021018191A2 (de)
GB (1) GB2599119B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114605826B (zh) * 2022-04-18 2023-05-23 宁波大学 一种多孔分层复合控油轴承保持架材料及其制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1236914A1 (de) * 2000-08-15 2002-09-04 Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. Gleitlager
JP2006045463A (ja) * 2004-08-09 2006-02-16 Akurosu Kk 摺動部材用組成物
EP1813663A1 (de) * 2004-10-27 2007-08-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Gleitelement und herstellungsverfahren dafür
US20120184471A1 (en) * 2009-09-29 2012-07-19 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Lubricating varnish for coating a metal component or applied to a metal component
GB2569158A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-12 Mahle Engine Systems Uk Ltd Bearing material, bearing element and method

Family Cites Families (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922491A (en) * 1953-08-07 1960-01-26 Macks Elmer Fred Lubrication by moving gas-suspended particles
JP3623741B2 (ja) * 2001-02-19 2005-02-23 大同メタル工業株式会社 すべり軸受及びその製造方法
JP2003056566A (ja) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-26 Daido Metal Co Ltd すべり軸受
DE10147292B4 (de) * 2001-09-26 2007-01-25 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einer Gleitschicht versehenen metallischen Trägerwerkstoffes sowie dessen Verwendung
JP2003184855A (ja) * 2001-12-17 2003-07-03 Daido Metal Co Ltd 船舶エンジン用のクロスヘッド軸受
JP4359066B2 (ja) * 2003-04-14 2009-11-04 株式会社豊田自動織機 摺動部用塗料組成物
GB0314372D0 (en) * 2003-06-20 2003-07-23 Dana Corp Bearings
DE102005026665A1 (de) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Gleitlagerschale für motorische Anwendungen
DE102005045701A1 (de) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-22 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff
JP5171109B2 (ja) * 2007-05-25 2013-03-27 大同メタル工業株式会社 樹脂被覆摺動部材の製造方法
JP4420940B2 (ja) * 2007-06-15 2010-02-24 大同メタル工業株式会社 乾性潤滑被膜組成物及び該乾性潤滑被膜組成物を摺動層としたすべり軸受
WO2009041653A1 (ja) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-02 Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. 摺動部材用組成物及び該組成物を被着した摺動部材
JP4504409B2 (ja) * 2007-10-10 2010-07-14 大同メタル工業株式会社 すべり軸受
JP2010065821A (ja) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-25 Ntn Corp 玉軸受用保持器および玉軸受
DE102008055194A1 (de) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-08 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh Gleitelement
US20120251020A1 (en) * 2011-04-04 2012-10-04 Swei Gwo S Self-Lubricating Structure and Method of Manufacturing the Same
CN102345678B (zh) * 2011-06-17 2013-04-10 浙江长盛滑动轴承股份有限公司 改性聚酰亚胺耐磨层的三层复合自润滑滑动轴承及其制作方法
GB2496587A (en) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-22 Mahle Int Gmbh A sliding bearing comprising three layers of material
GB2501926A (en) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-13 Mahle Int Gmbh A sliding bearing having a plastics polymer-based composite layer
US9982209B2 (en) * 2012-05-14 2018-05-29 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc Low-wear fluoropolymer composites
EP2995827A4 (de) * 2013-05-09 2017-02-15 Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd Gleitelement
GB2517437A (en) * 2013-08-19 2015-02-25 Mahle Int Gmbh Sliding Engine Component
WO2015024398A1 (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited Pneumatic fastener driver
GB2520304A (en) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-20 Mahle Int Gmbh Sliding engine component
GB2521004B (en) * 2013-12-06 2020-03-25 Mahle Int Gmbh Bearing element and method for manufacturing a bearing element
DE102013227186B4 (de) * 2013-12-27 2016-08-18 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh Gleitlackbeschichtung und Gleitlager-Schichtverbundwerkstoff mit einer solchen
JP6114180B2 (ja) * 2013-12-27 2017-04-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 摺動部材用被膜組成物
JP2017503978A (ja) * 2013-12-31 2017-02-02 サン−ゴバン パフォーマンス プラスティックス コーポレイション ポリイミドマトリックスを有する複合ベアリング
US10294441B2 (en) * 2014-03-04 2019-05-21 Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. Coating composition for lubricating coating film
GB2524255A (en) * 2014-03-17 2015-09-23 Mahle Int Gmbh Sliding engine component
JP2015232391A (ja) * 2014-05-15 2015-12-24 大同メタル工業株式会社 摺動用樹脂組成物及び摺動部材
GB2527557A (en) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-30 Mahle Engine Systems Uk Ltd Bearing element and sliding layer material for a bearing element
KR102166980B1 (ko) * 2014-08-29 2020-10-16 한온시스템 주식회사 윤활 피막용 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 압축기
EP3319736A4 (de) * 2015-07-10 2019-03-13 Whitford Corporation Zusammensetzung zur herstellung von funktionellen beschichtungen mit hoher freisetzung und niedriger reibung
JP2017115135A (ja) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-29 株式会社リコー 摺動部材、部品、および機械装置の騒音低減方法
JP6300843B2 (ja) * 2016-02-15 2018-03-28 大同メタル工業株式会社 摺動部材
JP6333305B2 (ja) * 2016-04-28 2018-05-30 大同メタル工業株式会社 摺動部材
GB2552997B (en) * 2016-08-19 2022-01-05 Mahle Int Gmbh Sliding component and method
GB2555478B (en) * 2016-10-31 2022-06-15 Mahle Engine Systems Uk Ltd Bearing material, bearing and method
JP7390774B2 (ja) * 2016-11-17 2023-12-04 大豊工業株式会社 摺動部材
GB2569161B (en) * 2017-12-07 2020-08-12 Mahle Int Gmbh Sliding element for an engine comprising surface treated metal particulate

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1236914A1 (de) * 2000-08-15 2002-09-04 Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. Gleitlager
JP2006045463A (ja) * 2004-08-09 2006-02-16 Akurosu Kk 摺動部材用組成物
EP1813663A1 (de) * 2004-10-27 2007-08-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Gleitelement und herstellungsverfahren dafür
US20120184471A1 (en) * 2009-09-29 2012-07-19 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Lubricating varnish for coating a metal component or applied to a metal component
GB2569158A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-12 Mahle Engine Systems Uk Ltd Bearing material, bearing element and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR102021018191A2 (pt) 2022-04-05
US20220090630A1 (en) 2022-03-24
GB2599119B (en) 2023-02-01
GB202015126D0 (en) 2020-11-11
GB2599119A (en) 2022-03-30
CN114250099A (zh) 2022-03-29
EP3974670B1 (de) 2024-06-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3284965B1 (de) Gleitelement und verfahren
KR101580345B1 (ko) 베어링
JP5001646B2 (ja) 平軸受
US20150125101A1 (en) Sliding bearing
US6866421B2 (en) Plain bearing and process for producing the same
JPH01261514A (ja) 摺動材料
US20190376559A1 (en) Sliding component, material and method
EP3974670A1 (de) Lagerwerkstoff mit festem schmiermittel
JPH11325077A (ja) 複層摺動材
EP4010602B1 (de) Gleitelement mit polymerauflage
JP3844206B2 (ja) 摺動部材
US11441609B2 (en) Bearing material, bearing element and method
US11155060B2 (en) Sliding element for an engine
WO2022258436A1 (en) Sliding element with intermediate layer

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20220919

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20230209

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20240108

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602021014274

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240612

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240612

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240612

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240918

Year of fee payment: 4

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240913