EP3971357A1 - Support, hollow box module and ceiling for buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

A support (7) for wooden ceilings (10) or a hollow box module (6) is proposed, in which at least one decoupling element (5) for sound bridge insulation is integrated into the support (7) to reduce the amount of work on the construction site.

Description

The invention relates to a carrier and a corresponding hollow box module for load-bearing ceilings made of wood for buildings, as well as a ceiling and a building.

As is well known, the trend for wooden buildings is increasing rapidly worldwide. Single-family, multi-family and high-rise buildings are planned and built both individually and modularly. In general, walls and ceilings that are to be connected to each other in building construction tend to cause disruptive transmission of structure-borne noise. There have been international standards in this regard for several decades, which have been continuously improved to this day for the benefit of the residents. As a result, the manufacturers of buildings are required to take appropriate measures in the manufacture of building parts that meet the prescribed limit values.

• Wohnungstrenndecke: R'w = 54 dB. L'n,w = 50 dB.
• Wohnungstrennwände: R'w = 53 dB.

So are e.g. Z. in DIN 4109-1:2018-01 the following limit values for apartment buildings and office buildings are specified as follows (The following values are to be understood including the flank paths):

• Apartment dividing ceiling: R'w = 54 dB. L'n,w = 50dB.
• Apartment partitions: R'w = 53 dB.

The attachment of decoupling strips from z. B. elastomers for vibration isolation of the ceiling-wall joints is known in principle. The ceiling span in single-family houses is up to approx. 6 m, in multi-family houses 8 to 12 m and in high-rise buildings more. Depending on the structural design, the beam cross-sections range from 60 x 140 mm to 120 x 380 mm.

The invention is therefore based on the object of reducing the effort on the construction site when erecting a building.

The object is achieved by the characterizing features of claims 1, 10, 12 and 14, based on a carrier of the type mentioned at the outset.

Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are possible as a result of the measures specified in the dependent claims.

Accordingly, a carrier according to the invention is characterized in that an integrated decoupling element is provided in order to effect vibration isolation. The invention makes use of the fact that a reproducible quality can be guaranteed by attaching the decoupling elements in the manufacturer's works. In addition, the effort on the construction site is significantly reduced because subsequent attachment can be avoided.

In wooden house construction, walls and ceilings are brought together on site and permanently fixed with metal angle connectors, grooved nails and screws. Each contact surface between walls and ceilings or between the means of connection to the wooden components represent structure-borne noise bridges that must be vibrationally decoupled.
This work to decouple the individual components is currently preferably carried out on the construction site, which involves high costs and non-reproducible quality. The carrier element according to the invention can reduce the effort involved in decoupling work and the costs, and ensure reproducible quality.

The above limit values for sound transmission in buildings include values for direct transmission together with flanking transmission via the joints of joined components. The "mass-spring-mass" principle must be applied when insulating the direct transmission. On the other hand, effective vibration insulation, i.e. decoupling of the joints, is required for the insulation of flank transmission. According to the invention, there is no longer any need for a laborious manual marking on the construction site. However, all manual work also has a natural error rate with considerable fluctuations, which means that cost-effectiveness and reproducible quality are not given. the

Due to the integration, the decoupling element can also be surrounded by wooden parts on the outside, so that it can hardly be damaged and further assembly, possibly gluing with other parts, a plate or the like, is simplified.

Material, positive or non-positive connections between the carrier and the decoupling element can ensure a permanent and stable connection.

The decoupling element can have a mechanical connection to the other components of a ceiling or a hollow box module as a building block of a ceiling via a lamella or a beam. Even a thin lamella is characterized as a coupling element and possibly a covering element of the decoupling element in that it protects it from mechanical damage and can itself serve as a well-defined transmission element for mechanical impulses during assembly. The flat elements, such as the decoupling element or lamella, can be in uniform contact with one another over the entire surface on the respective side. So it can Decoupling element are also loaded over its entire surface, absorb the pressure over the largest possible area and dampen it particularly well.

If the decoupling element is arranged continuously or only interrupted by cavities over the entire surface, the damping effect is increased.

According to a further development of the invention, in one embodiment a ceiling can consist of a series of parallel beams which are in contact with one another over the entire width. This structure is fundamentally very stable with regard to mechanical loads.

However, it is also conceivable to form hollow box modules according to the invention, in which the carriers are arranged parallel but spaced apart, so that cavities are formed in between, which insulate, under certain circumstances can also be filled with filling/insulating material. In this way, thermal insulation can also be integrated in an advantageous manner. The hollow box modules can also have high bending moments.

Instead of a thin slat, a thicker beam or a thicker stack of slats can also be arranged on at least one side of the decoupling element in order to serve as a supporting component and to be able to absorb greater loads. In order to stabilize timber construction, it can also be ensured that the components have the same fiber directions as one another.

Fig. 1-2:

zwei verschiedene Holzträger gem. der Erfindung,

Fig. 3:

ein Holzkastenmodul gem. der Erfindung,

Fig. 4-8:

verschiedene Decken-Beispiele gem. der Erfindung,

Fig. 9:

einen Gebäudeausschnitt mit Decken-Beispielen gem. der Erfindung mit schematischer Darstellung der Schallübertragungswege.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show in detail:

Figures 1-2:

two different wooden beams according to the invention,

Figure 3:

a wooden box module according to the invention,

Figures 4-8:

various ceiling examples according to the invention,

Figure 9:

a building section with ceiling examples according to the invention with a schematic representation of the sound transmission paths.

In the Figures 1 and 2 are wooden beams 1, 4 with integrated decoupling element 5 for load-bearing ceilings in timber construction for buildings.

The carrier 1 consists of a beam 2 and a lamella 3 or in the case of a glued laminated timber carrier 4 (BSH carrier), cf. 2 , made of several lamellas 3 with a materially, positively or non-positively connected decoupling element 5. This hybrid construction, manufactured continuously in a purely industrial manner, effectively insulates the structure-borne noise bridges, so that flank transmission is also prevented.

1 shows, as already described, the carrier 7, consisting of a beam 2 and a slat 3 with an integrated decoupling element 5. The beam 2 has the task of transferring the ceiling load to the walls within the permissible deformation values. The lamella 3 has no primary static task, but serves to integrate the decoupling element 5 into the carrier 7, which can thus be used as a hybrid rib 7, for example in a hollow box module 6.

The carrier 1 with integrated decoupling element is suitable as an individual component of a beam ceiling or solid wood ceiling and as an individual component of a hollow box module 6, as shown in 3 is shown for a complete blanket. The spans of the load-bearing ceilings produced in this way are up to 20 m and can be used in single and multi-family houses and in high-rise buildings.

In 2 a glulam beam 4 is shown, consisting of a slat 3 arranged at the top and several lower slats 3 joined together to form a slat pack 8. The slat pack 8, consisting of at least two slats 3 glued together, takes on the static requirements of the ceiling and the upper slat 3 the integration of the decoupling element 5. The upper lamella 3 preferably has a thickness of approx. 20 mm and the lower lamella 3 has a thickness of 20 to 40 mm. Measurements above and below are also applicable.

4 : The hollow box module 6 according to this embodiment consists of at least two ribs 7 and at least one plate 9, which are connected to one another in a material, non-positive or positive manner. The plate 9 is included in the static calculation in addition to the rib 7 .

the Figures 4-8 each show variants of load-bearing ceilings 10, consisting of different types of compilations of the individual elements from the Figures 1-3 .

4 shows a ceiling 10 from a series of beams 7, each composed of a sandwich of lamella 3, decoupling element 5 and beam 2. The carriers 7 are lined up in parallel, so that the decoupling element 5 forms a continuous layer through the ceiling 10 .

figure 5 shows a ceiling 10 in which the carriers or ribs 7 are spaced from each other (like ribs) on the plate 9 are arranged.

6 shows one to 4 analog design, in contrast to the design according to 4 instead of carriers 7 with beams 2, only carriers 4 with lamina stacks 8 were used.

7 again is analogous to figure 5 constructed, with the carrier 7 with beam 2 being replaced by carrier 4 with lamina stack 8 here as well.

A preferred embodiment of a supporting ceiling 10, consisting of several hollow box modules 6, is shown in the illustration 8 played back.

9 shows a building section G, consisting of three floors 11, separated by load-bearing ceilings 10, consisting of hollow box modules 6. The picture shows the possible sound transmission paths:

For airborne sound transmission, excitation represented by a loudspeaker 12, the paths Dd result directly through the ceiling and Ff, Df and over the flanks. For the impact sound transmission excitation represented by a standard hammer mill 13, the paths Dd result directly through the ceiling and Df and DFf over the flanks. Here, white uppercase letters indicate the excitation, lowercase letters indicate the radiation of the ceiling or flank. The arrows illustrate the effectiveness of the decoupling elements 5.

Reference list:

1

carrier

2

bar

3

lamella

4

carrier

5

decoupling element

6

hollow box module

7

straps / rib

8th

lamella stack

9

plate

10

ceiling

11

bullet

12

speaker

13

standard hammer mill

dd

direct sound transmission paths

df

Sound transmission path via flank

DFf

Sound transmission path via flank

ff

Sound transmission path via flank

G

building section

Claims (14)

Support (1, 4, 7) for ceilings or wooden ceilings (10), characterized in that at least one decoupling element (5) for sound bridge insulation is integrated into the support (1, 4, 7). Support (1, 4, 7) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one decoupling element (5) is connected to the support (1, 4, 7) in a material, positive or non-positive manner. Carrier (1, 4, 7) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lamella (3), in particular exactly one lamella (3), with the decoupling element (5) on one of the two sides of the decoupling element (5), in particular is connected on a first side of the decoupling element (5). Support (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (1, 4, 7) has at least one beam (2) and/or a stack of slats (8) made from at least two slats (3). , which and/or which is/are connected to the decoupling element (5) on one of the two sides of the decoupling element (5), in particular on the second side of the decoupling element (5). Support (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (2) and/or the at least one lamella (3) and/or the stack of lamellas (8) is/are made of wood. Support (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (1, 4, 7) is designed as a glued laminated timber support which is made up of at least three board layers, of which at least one of the board layers has a lamella (3rd ) and/or at least one of the board layers is a stack of laminations (8) and/or a beam (2) and/or at least one of the board layers is a decoupling element (5), and wherein the board layers, apart from the decoupling element (5), consist of the same made of wood glued in the direction of the grain. Carrier (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one decoupling element (5) essentially, in particular completely, over the entire width and the entire length of the carrier (1, 4, 7) within the Carrier (1, 4, 7) is arranged. Support (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one lamella (3) and/or the at least one decoupling element (5) are of flat design. Support (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one decoupling element (5) is connected on both sides by the slat (3) and the beam or on both sides by one of the slats (3) and/or one of the slats (3) and the slat stack (8) is completely covered. Hollow box module (6) for ceilings or wooden ceilings (10) with at least one essentially flat panel (9), characterized in that the panel (9) is provided on at least one side with at least two supports (1, 4, 7) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two of the carriers (1, 4, 7) are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another so that a cavity is formed between them. Hollow box module (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two plates (9) are arranged offset in parallel to one another and are connected to one another via the carrier (1, 4, 7), so that the carrier (1, 4, 7) between the Plates (9) are arranged, in particular the plates (9) being isolated from one another via the supports (1, 4, 7) as a connection via the decoupling elements (5). Ceiling (10), in particular wooden ceiling, characterized in that there are at least two beams (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims and/or at least one hollow box module (6) according to one of the preceding claims. Cover (10), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two carriers (1,4,7) are provided, which are arranged parallel to one another and directly adjacent to one another, the carriers (1, 4, 7) in particular are designed and arranged relative to one another in such a way that their decoupling elements (5) also border one another and form a continuous layer over the at least two carriers (1, 4, 7). Building (G), characterized in that a carrier (1, 4, 7) according to one of the preceding claims and/or a hollow box module (6) according to one of the preceding claims and/or a blanket (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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