EP3959380B1 - Vorrichtung zum fördern und auswerfen von schüttgut oder schnee - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum fördern und auswerfen von schüttgut oder schnee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3959380B1
EP3959380B1 EP20743326.9A EP20743326A EP3959380B1 EP 3959380 B1 EP3959380 B1 EP 3959380B1 EP 20743326 A EP20743326 A EP 20743326A EP 3959380 B1 EP3959380 B1 EP 3959380B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal wheel
ejection
rotation
conveying
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20743326.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3959380A1 (de
EP3959380C0 (de
Inventor
Werner Kittinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bwm Technologies GmbH
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Bwm Technologies GmbH
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3959380B1 publication Critical patent/EP3959380B1/de
Publication of EP3959380C0 publication Critical patent/EP3959380C0/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/08—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements
    • E01H5/09—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements the elements being rotary or moving along a closed circular path, e.g. rotary cutter, digging wheels
    • E01H5/098—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements the elements being rotary or moving along a closed circular path, e.g. rotary cutter, digging wheels about horizontal or substantially horizontal axises perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the direction of clearing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/045—Means per se for conveying or discharging the dislodged material, e.g. rotary impellers, discharge chutes

Definitions

  • the application relates to a device for conveying and ejecting bulk material or snow, comprising at least one conveying device having a tubular conveying housing that is partially open on the circumference, the conveying direction of which runs essentially in the direction of the pipe axis, and at least one ejector slingshot adjoining the at least one conveying device in the conveying direction with a centrifugal wheel having at least one ejection lever, which is arranged in a centrifugal wheel housing having an ejection opening and can be driven to rotate about an axis of rotation.
  • Devices for conveying and ejecting bulk material or snow are used in a variety of areas.
  • the use of ejection centrifuges in harvesting machines, debarking devices and the like is known, particularly in the agricultural and forestry sectors.
  • additional devices are also known which can be coupled to tractors and other agricultural machines so that they are driven by their engine.
  • snow blowers have become known, for example, which are coupled to tractors or small excavators.
  • Snow blowers generally have a conveying direction that includes, for example, a milling drum that is mounted in front of the vehicle and whose axis runs parallel to the vehicle axis.
  • a milling drum On the drum, which usually extends over the entire width of the vehicle, slats are attached in a helical shape, which are used both to scrape off the snow, for which purpose the slats can also be provided with a sawtooth profile, and to transport it to a snow ejection device.
  • the screw of the slats is designed in two parts with opposite chirality.
  • the horizontal transport works like an Archimedean screw, so that the snow milled off across the entire width of the drum is transported to the center.
  • the snow blower is located there and ejects the snow that is conveyed to the middle.
  • the snow ejector can be formed by an ejector, which, as mentioned at the beginning, has a blower wheel with at least one ejector lever.
  • the ejection rate naturally depends on the peripheral speed of the blast wheel or the individual ejection levers and, in particular, on the torque applied.
  • a device of the type mentioned at the beginning for conveying and ejecting bulk material or snow is, for example, from AT 503406 B1 known.
  • the speed provided on the output shaft of an agricultural device, and in particular a tractor must usually be reduced to a lower speed with the aid of a reduction gear in order to achieve a speed suitable for coupling an ejector, and in particular a snow blower.
  • a speed suitable for coupling an ejector and in particular a snow blower.
  • a further reduction and thus a further increase in torque was not possible with the known ejector centrifuges because of the further increase caused by this Reducing the number of revolutions, the required ejection power could no longer be guaranteed.
  • the AT 503406 B1 discloses an ejection centrifuge, in which at least one ejection lever is pivotally fixed on the centrifugal wheel and means are provided for a defined change in the pivot angle of the ejection lever depending on the rotation angle of the centrifugal wheel. Because the ejection lever is pivotably fixed to the blast wheel, the circumferential speed of the ejection lever can be increased when the ejection lever is pivoted accordingly while the speed of the blast wheel remains the same, so that the ejection performance is improved.
  • the ejection lever is pivoted in the direction of rotation over a first rotation angle range and the ejection lever is pivoted counter to the direction of rotation of the centrifugal wheel over a further rotation angle range.
  • an increasing peripheral speed of the ejection levers is achieved over the first rotation angle range and, as the further rotation angle range is passed, a decreasing peripheral speed of the ejection levers is achieved.
  • a device for conveying and ejecting snow is known, in which the axis of rotation of the centrifugal wheel of the ejection centrifuge is arranged at a height offset from the pipe axis of the conveying device.
  • the present invention now aims to further develop a device of the type mentioned in such a way that the ejection power is increased and/or the drive power required to drive the conveyor device and/or the blast wheel is reduced.
  • the invention provides the features of claim 1, and in particular those of the license plate, in a device of the type mentioned
  • the design according to the invention means that the conveyor housing only overlaps the blast wheel or its detection area in a lower area when viewed in the axial direction, so that the material is only fed into a corresponding partial area of the detection area of the blast wheel.
  • the upper area of the blast wheel which does not overlap with the conveyor housing in the axial direction, it does not come into contact with the conveyed material, so that
  • the power provided by the drive can therefore be used almost completely for the actual ejection of the material. This means that the drive power can be reduced with the same ejection power or the ejection power can be increased with the same drive power.
  • the ejection opening is preferably connected tangentially to the centrifugal wheel, in particular to an area of the centrifugal wheel in which the ejection levers accelerate the material upwards from a floor level.
  • a partition wall is preferably provided between the ejection centrifuge and the conveying device.
  • the partition wall preferably runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the centrifugal wheel and forms a lateral boundary of an ejection channel arranged directly in front of the ejection opening in the direction of rotation of the centrifugal wheel.
  • the partition wall When viewed in the axial direction, the partition wall preferably extends over a cross-sectional area of the ejection centrifuge that is aligned with the ejection tube.
  • a partition wall is preferably arranged on each side of the centrifugal wheel, so that the ejection channel is delimited on both sides by the partition walls.
  • the centrifugal wheel housing is preferably formed by an axial portion of the tubular conveyor housing with an enlarged diameter.
  • the diameter expansion results in an annular housing expansion.
  • the cheeks created on the diameter expansion of the tubular conveyor housing can form at least one partition or a partial area thereof.
  • the envelope circles of the centrifugal wheel and the conveyor housing are one have a common tangent, which preferably runs parallel to the ground or horizontally.
  • the vertical offset between the tube axis of the conveyor housing and the rotation axis of the blast wheel is therefore such that the conveyor housing and the envelope circle of the blast wheel touch the same plane at the bottom, which is preferably the floor plane from which the material is captured by the conveyor device .
  • the conveyor housing is designed to be open in the peripheral area facing the floor level.
  • the axis of rotation of the centrifugal wheel and the tube axis of the conveyor housing lie on a substantially vertical straight line.
  • the diameter of the conveyor housing is preferably dimensioned such that it corresponds to at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 65%, of the diameter of the centrifugal wheel.
  • the upper diameter of the conveyor housing is preferably limited so that it corresponds to less than 80%, preferably less than 75% of the diameter of the centrifugal wheel. According to a preferred embodiment, particularly efficient conveying in the axial direction of the conveying pipe is achieved in that the conveying device is designed in the manner of a conveying spiral or screw.
  • a conveyor device in particular a conveyor spiral, which has a tubular conveyor housing which is partially open on the circumference or screw, is arranged, the conveying direction of which runs essentially in the direction of the pipe axis towards the centrifugal wheel.
  • the ejection performance can be optimized in that the at least one ejection lever is pivotally fixed on the centrifugal wheel and means are provided for a defined change in the pivoting angle of the ejection lever depending on the rotation angle of the centrifugal wheel.
  • the means are designed to cause the ejection lever to pivot in the direction of rotation over a first rotation angle range ( ⁇ ) and to pivot the ejection lever counter to the direction of rotation of the centrifugal wheel over a further rotation angle range ( ⁇ ).
  • the ejection opening is connected tangentially to the centrifugal wheel at the end of the first rotation angle range, i.e. at a point at which the peripheral speed of the respective ejection lever is greatest, so that the material to be ejected is ejected at a correspondingly higher speed.
  • the speed of the centrifugal wheel can be selected to be lower than in conventional designs, since the peripheral speed of the ejection levers does not result from the speed of the centrifugal wheel alone, but rather from the additional pivoting of the ejection levers on the above-described required amount can be increased.
  • the ejection centrifuge is coupled to one with a speed of 2200 revolutions / min.
  • Rotating output shaft of a tractor can be reduced up to four times, ie to one speed of 540 revolutions/min. This now quadruples the torque, so that the ejection output of the ejector can be increased accordingly. Due to the higher torque, it is possible, for example, to arrange a smaller number of ejection levers on the centrifugal wheel, so that a higher filling level is achieved overall and larger quantities of the material can be ejected in a unit of time.
  • a particularly simple control of the ejection lever pivoting is achieved according to a preferred embodiment in that the at least one ejection lever is designed as a two-armed lever, the inwardly extending lever arm interacting with a positive guide.
  • the positive guidance can include a guide track which interacts with a guide pin of the lever arm.
  • a design with particularly low friction losses is particularly advantageous, in which the guide track runs eccentrically to the axis of rotation of the centrifugal wheel.
  • a further advantage of such a design is that the adjustment of the extent of eccentricity enables the change in the pivot angle of the ejection lever to be influenced in a simple manner.
  • a particularly preferred area of application for the ejector blower according to the invention is in snow blowers and it is therefore advantageously provided that the blower wheel is connected to a conveyor spiral or auger of a snow blower.
  • the centrifugal wheel is connected to a drive shaft which is connected to an output shaft Agricultural vehicle, especially tractor, can be coupled.
  • the device for conveying and ejecting bulk material or snow has a fastening device for fastening to a motor vehicle and the conveying device is relative to the fastening device by a substantially vertical pivot axis is pivotably mounted. This enables the attachment to pivot relative to the motor vehicle to which the attachment is attached and which pushes it in front of it.
  • the inclination of the attachment allows a change in the angle of the attachment or its conveying device relative to the material front, whereby the inclination relative to a material front running perpendicular to the direction of travel means that the attachment or the conveying device at the front only moves forward due to the pivoting
  • the partial area displaced at the front comes into engagement with the material front. Less force is required for partial intervention than for the entire intervention Width, making it easier to penetrate the material and overcome blockage situations.
  • the attachment is preferably developed in such a way that the conveying device can be pivoted in two opposite directions starting from a non-pivoted position in which the axis of rotation or the conveying direction of the conveying device runs essentially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the motor vehicle. This enables pivoting both to the left and to the right.
  • the pivotable arrangement of the attachment also results in improved steerability of the attachment, whereby steering movements of the motor vehicle pushing the attachment in front of it can be supported.
  • the conveyor housing is fixed to a carrier which is mounted so that it can pivot relative to the fastening device about the essentially vertical pivot axis.
  • a swivel drive preferably at least one hydraulic cylinder-piston unit, is preferably provided.
  • FIG.1 a top view of a device according to the invention
  • Fig.2 a cross section of the device according to Fig.1
  • Fig.3 a simplified cross-sectional view in the area of the blast wheel
  • Fig.4 a Cross section through a preferred design of the ejector
  • Fig.5 a detailed view of the blast wheel Fig.4 and Fig.6
  • Fig.7 a detailed view of the eccentric guide part.
  • FIG.1 A tubular conveyor housing 1 is shown, which is open on the bottom side and possibly (with respect to the direction of travel 2) on the front.
  • Two screw conveyors 3 and 4 are arranged in the conveyor housing 1 and are driven to rotate about a pipe axis 5.
  • the screw conveyors 3,4 are driven in opposite directions, so that the conveying direction 6 runs inwards, so that the material captured by the screw conveyors 3,4 on the bottom and possibly on the front is transported to the ejection slingshot arranged axially between the screw conveyors 3,4.
  • the ejection centrifuge comprises a centrifugal wheel 8 which has a plurality of ejection levers 9 and is rotatably arranged in a centrifugal wheel housing 11 about an axis of rotation 12.
  • the conveyor housing 1 is attached to a carrier 13, which is pivotally mounted on a bearing part 15 about a substantially vertical pivot axis 14. Hydraulic cylinder-piston units 16 are provided for the controlled pivoting.
  • the bearing part 15 has an engagement element 17 with which the entire device can be attached to a corresponding connection point of a vehicle.
  • the device To drive the screw conveyors 3, 4 and the blast wheel 8, the device comprises a drive shaft 18, which can be coupled to a power take-off of a vehicle. With the gearbox 19, the speed of the drive shaft 18 is converted to the required speed.
  • the conveyor housing 1 has a pipe axis 5, which corresponds to the axis of rotation of the screw conveyors 3,4.
  • the screw conveyors 3, 4 each include a drum 20, on the outer circumference of which there are screw-like conveyor blades 24 or the like.
  • the centrifugal wheel 8 is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 12, the direction of rotation being designated 23.
  • the rotation axis 12 is arranged above the pipe axis 5, which is due to the different diameters of the conveyor housing 1 and the centrifugal wheel 8 or the envelope circle of its ejection lever 9.
  • the envelope circle of the ejection lever 9 and the conveyor housing essentially have the same horizontal or ground-parallel tangential plane.
  • An ejection tube 21, which has the ejection opening 25, is tangentially connected to the centrifugal wheel housing 11.
  • An ejection channel is formed inside the blast wheel housing 11, via which the material captured by the ejection levers 9 is accelerated in the circumferential direction and ejected tangentially in the direction of the arrow 22.
  • FIG.3 A partition wall 26 is also shown, which is arranged between the screw conveyors 3, 4 and the centrifugal wheel 8 and delimits the ejection channel on both sides, in which the ejection levers 9 are moved from bottom to top in the direction of the ejection pipe 21.
  • Fig.4 the housing of the ejection centrifuge is designated 11, in which the centrifugal wheel 8 is rotatably mounted about the axis 12 in the direction of arrow 23.
  • the blast wheel 8 has a plurality of ejection levers 9, each of which rotates around an axis 28 in accordance with the double arrow 27 are pivotally articulated on the blast wheel 8.
  • the ejection levers 9 are designed as two-armed levers, with the outer lever arm 29 taking over the actual ejection work and the inwardly extending lever arm 30 each having guide pins or bearings 31, as shown in particular Fig.5 is visible.
  • the guide pins 31 are guided in a circular guide track 32 of a guide part 33, the guide track 32 being arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation 2 of the centrifugal wheel 8.
  • the guide part 33 has an opening 34 which serves to allow the passage of a drive shaft for the blast wheel 8. If the blast wheel is rotated according to arrow 23, the following movement of the ejection lever 9 results.
  • the ejection levers 9 are moved further and further forward in the direction of arrow 35 during the rotation of the centrifugal wheel 8 in the direction of arrow 23, starting from a neutral position, so that the peripheral speed of the ejection levers 9 is compared to a rigid fixation on the centrifugal wheel 8 is increased.
  • the greatest circumferential speed of the ejection lever 9 occurs at the point designated 37, at which the material to be conveyed is ejected in the direction of arrow 22 via the ejection opening 25.
  • the ejection levers 9 are then pivoted back in the direction of arrow 36, so that in this area the peripheral speed of the ejection levers 9 is reduced in comparison to a rigid fixation of the ejection levers 9 on the centrifugal wheel 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)
EP20743326.9A 2019-04-25 2020-06-23 Vorrichtung zum fördern und auswerfen von schüttgut oder schnee Active EP3959380B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA145/2019A AT521690B1 (de) 2019-04-25 2019-04-25 Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Auswerfen von Schüttgut oder Schnee
PCT/IB2020/055901 WO2020217239A1 (de) 2019-04-25 2020-06-23 Vorrichtung zum fördern und auswerfen von schüttgut oder schnee

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3959380A1 EP3959380A1 (de) 2022-03-02
EP3959380B1 true EP3959380B1 (de) 2023-09-20
EP3959380C0 EP3959380C0 (de) 2023-09-20

Family

ID=70328908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20743326.9A Active EP3959380B1 (de) 2019-04-25 2020-06-23 Vorrichtung zum fördern und auswerfen von schüttgut oder schnee

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20220195681A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3959380B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN114174593A (zh)
AT (1) AT521690B1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2020264086A1 (zh)
CA (1) CA3137685A1 (zh)
HU (1) HUE064987T2 (zh)
PL (1) PL3959380T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2020217239A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT521690B1 (de) * 2019-04-25 2020-04-15 Niederer Hermann Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Auswerfen von Schüttgut oder Schnee
US20210095433A1 (en) * 2019-10-01 2021-04-01 9277-9347 Quebec Inc. Impeller for snowblower and combined snowblower and snowplow

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735199A (en) * 1956-02-21 Rotary snow plow
US4385457A (en) * 1981-10-08 1983-05-31 J. I. Case Company Snow caster
DE19544208C1 (de) * 1995-11-28 1997-05-07 Emil Sandau Auswaschvorrichtung für Restmaterial wie Restbeton od. dgl.
US7770716B2 (en) * 2006-04-11 2010-08-10 Hermann Jun Niederer Centrifugal ejector
AT503406B1 (de) 2006-04-11 2009-11-15 Niederer Hermann Jun Auswurfschleuder
AT506767B1 (de) * 2008-05-14 2010-08-15 Mus Max Gmbh Befülleinrichtung für feste brennstoffe
DE102012202876B4 (de) * 2012-02-24 2014-09-18 Deere & Company Erntegutfördersystem für einen Feldhäcksler mit einem Auswurfbeschleuniger
AT517939B1 (de) * 2016-02-04 2017-06-15 Sonneck Ges M B H Schleuderrad
AT521690B1 (de) * 2019-04-25 2020-04-15 Niederer Hermann Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Auswerfen von Schüttgut oder Schnee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114174593A (zh) 2022-03-11
WO2020217239A1 (de) 2020-10-29
CA3137685A1 (en) 2020-10-29
HUE064987T2 (hu) 2024-04-28
AU2020264086A1 (en) 2021-12-23
AT521690B1 (de) 2020-04-15
US20220195681A1 (en) 2022-06-23
EP3959380A1 (de) 2022-03-02
EP3959380C0 (de) 2023-09-20
AT521690A4 (de) 2020-04-15
PL3959380T3 (pl) 2024-02-19

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