EP3945747A1 - Tube pour un chauffage électrique - Google Patents

Tube pour un chauffage électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3945747A1
EP3945747A1 EP20187808.9A EP20187808A EP3945747A1 EP 3945747 A1 EP3945747 A1 EP 3945747A1 EP 20187808 A EP20187808 A EP 20187808A EP 3945747 A1 EP3945747 A1 EP 3945747A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
heating
heating element
filling component
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20187808.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin Ferlay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Klimasysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
Valeo Klimasysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Klimasysteme GmbH filed Critical Valeo Klimasysteme GmbH
Priority to EP20187808.9A priority Critical patent/EP3945747A1/fr
Publication of EP3945747A1 publication Critical patent/EP3945747A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/52—Apparatus or processes for filling or compressing insulating material in tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F28F9/0248—Arrangements for sealing connectors to header boxes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
    • H05B2203/023—Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of devices for heating and circulating a fluid for vehicles.
  • the invention applies more particularly to a tube for electric heating and/or air-conditioning devices for motor vehicles comprising such devices.
  • the heating of the air intended for heating the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, or for demisting or defrosting is provided by the passage of a flow of air through a heat exchanger, more precisely by a heat exchange between this flow of air and a fluid circulating inside the exchanger.
  • This may in particular be the cooling fluid in the case of a heat engine.
  • an additional electric device for thermal conditioning of the fluid such as an additional electric heating device.
  • an additional electric heating device can be adapted to heat a suitable fluid upstream of the heat exchanger.
  • such an electric additional heating device comprises one or more thermal modules in contact with the fluid to be heated.
  • a thermal module may comprise a core and a heating element surrounding the core, both being spaced apart in order to define a fluid circulation space between the core and the inner surface of the heating element.
  • the heating element is a source of thermal energy.
  • the heating element has electric heating means, e.g. one or more heating resistors serigraphically formed as serigraphic resistive tracks on the outer surface of the heating element.
  • a fluid circulation in the circulation space between the core and the heating element ensures a heat transfer between the heating element and the fluid. In order to obtain sufficient heating power for the desired operation, it may be necessary to multiply the thermal modules in the same additional electric heating device.
  • Fluid circulation is facilitated by a pump, which is arranged upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger on a fluid circulation pipe.
  • the present invention relates to a tube for an electric heating block, such as a heating block for a motor vehicle.
  • Electric heating block comprising tubes for receiving heating elements are known as electric heating blocks.
  • Such heating elements include, for example, PTC (positive temperature coefficient) resistors.
  • Such heating blocks also include heat sinks, e.g. fins, in thermal contact with the heating elements.
  • the tubes serve to electrically insulate the heating elements from the outside while allowing thermal conduction between the heating elements and the heat sinks.
  • One of the challenges of manufacturing the abovementioned tube is a correct placement of the heating element inside the tube. It may be problematic to arrange the heating element so that is correctly positioned and it remains electrically insulated from the metal material of the tube.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a tube for an electric heater, which would allow for facilitation of the manufacturing process.
  • the object of the invention is, among others, a tube for an electric heater, comprising two side walls connecting the large walls, and a heating element located between the walls, characterized in that the heating element is suspended within and fixed with respect to the tube by means of a filling component.
  • the filling component fixes the heating element to the large walls.
  • the filling component fixes the heating element to the side walls.
  • the inner volume of the tube between the heating element and the large walls comprises a first section filled with the filling component and a second section not filled with the filling component.
  • the inner volume of the tube between the heating element and the side walls comprises a first section filled with the filling component and a second section not filled with the filling component.
  • the synthetic component fills the entirety of the tube's inner volume.
  • the heating element extends outside the tube.
  • the filling component is a resin.
  • Another object of the invention is an electric heater comprising a tube according to any preceding claim.
  • Another object of the invention is a process for manufacturing a tube for an electric heater, characterized in that it comprises steps of: providing a tube; arranging the tube so that one end of the tube is higher with respect to the ground that the other end; introducing heating components into the tube so that they are held distanced from the tube at any point; introducing synthetic material to the tube so that it fills the tube and surrounds the heating component.
  • the process further comprises a step of curing the synthetic material so that it solidifies.
  • the invention relates to an electric heating block 1.
  • the said heating block 1 is intended to be supplied with electric current to heat a fluid passing through the said block 1.
  • the electric heating block 1 advantageously presents a substantially parallelepipedal configuration. It is intended to exchange heat with a fluid passing between an inlet 2, between and around tubes 20, and outlet 3.
  • the heating block 1 comprises at least one channel, through which a fluid, in particular coolant, is to flow, and at least one tube 20 with one or more electric heating elements 50.
  • the tubes 20 are mounted in headers 5 and 6, i.e. in the openings 11 of the headers 5, 6, which in turn are connected by a top plate 4.
  • the top plate 4 comprises raised portions 4a and 4b, which are connected to each other by a connecting portion 4c. Since the raised portions 4a and 4b are located at a different distance from the tubes 20 than the connecting portion 4c, i.e.
  • the fluid is enabled to flow more freely in the vicinity of the inlet 2 and the outlet 3, thereby facilitating its distribution between and around the tubes 20.
  • the channel for the fluid is closed by two side plates and a bottom plate (not shown), so that the fluid path is limited and an efficient heat exchange with the tubes 20 can take place.
  • the side and bottom plates are connected directly to the headers 5, 6.
  • the heating block 1 here comprises several tubes 20 and, preferably, several fins alternately stacked in a stacking direction as shown in the figure (the fins are not shown).
  • the tubes 20 are positioned parallel to each other. These tubes 20 are used to electrically insulate and protect the heating element(s) 50 from the outside.
  • the fins form heat sinks, which increase the heat exchange surface with the fluid.
  • Heating elements 50 are, for example, PTC resistors (for positive temperature coefficient).
  • Each tube 20 may have several heating elements, which may be arranged one after the other in a direction of the tube 20.
  • the heating elements 50 are preferably distributed evenly along the tubes 20.
  • the tubes 20 together with the heating elements 50 form heating units.
  • the heating units are preferably supplied with power selectively. This means that the heating elements 50 of each heating unit are supplied with current independently of the heating elements 50 of the other heating units and can therefore be supplied with a different current, in particular in terms of its intensity, from the current flowing through the other heating units.
  • the heating units also have electrodes 52 on both sides of the heating elements 50 for their power supply.
  • the said heating units further comprise electrically insulating and thermally conductive material, the said layers being located between one of the electrodes 52 and a large wall 21 of the tube 20. In this way, the tube 20 is electrically insulated from the electrodes 52 and the heating elements 50 but thermally in contact with them.
  • said heating elements 50 are electrically connected in parallel, in particular by means of the electrodes 52.
  • the fins are in thermal contact with the tubes 20.
  • the said fins are positioned between the said tubes 20, in particular between the large walls 21 of the said tubes 20.
  • the tubes 20 have two side walls 24 connecting the large walls 21.
  • the large walls 21 each have an external face 22 to which the fin 10 may be fixed and an internal face intended to come into thermal contact with the heating elements 50. Thermal contact involves heat exchange between the elements, even if the elements are not in direct physical contact with each other.
  • the function of the large walls 21 is to transmit the heat generated by the electric heating elements 50 to the fins.
  • the tube 20 can be made of any material suitable for use in an electric heating block 1.
  • tube 20 is made of aluminium and/or aluminium alloy.
  • the inner faces of the side walls 24 of the tube 20 have a substantially vertical profile, if necessary slightly rounded.
  • Both the large walls 21 and the side walls 24 are made from the material of the tube 20. Even if several parts are defined, the tube is a single piece.
  • Fin is advantageously attached to one or both of the large walls 21 of tube 20 by brazing.
  • This fin fixing technique has several advantages. First of all, brazing the fins to tube 20 improves the heat exchange between the heating elements 50 and the fins. In addition, once tube 20 has been brazed, the material of tube 20, for example aluminum, will be more malleable and more easily deformable than before the brazing step, even after it has cooled to room temperature. This reduces the elastic relaxation that the material may have after deformation. In addition, this state of material guarantees a tight contact between the tube 20 and the heating elements 50 and therefore a better heat exchange. Brazing also ensures a longer life for tube 20 as it will be less sensitive to temperature changes and relaxation during the life of heating block 1.
  • a heating block 1 allows the use of fins less resistant and more thermally efficient than in a conventional heating block.
  • the fins of the heating block 1 are flexible before assembly. They are in particular corrugated fins.
  • the fins may include louvers to promote heat exchange.
  • Another option is to use turbulator plates instead of fins. with the same purpose.
  • Fig. 2 shows an electric heater tube according to the invention.
  • the tube 20 comprises two side walls 24 which are connecting the large walls 21.
  • a heating element 50 is located between the walls 21, 24.
  • the heating element 50 is suspended within and fixed with respect to the tube 20 by means of a filling component 60. In other words, the heating element 50 is not in direct contact with the walls 21, 24 of the tube 20.
  • the filling component is preferably resin, for example epoxy resin. Once it is introduced into the volume of the tube 20, is may be cured so that is solidifies.
  • the filling component 60 fixes the heating element 50 to the large walls 21.
  • the filling component 60 fixes the heating element 50 to the side walls 24.
  • the filling component 60 fills the entire volume of the tube 20 remaining after insertion of the heating element 50. In such case, the filling component 60 fixes the heating element to all the walls 21, 24 of the tube 20.
  • the inner volume of the tube 20 between the heating element 50 and the large walls 21 comprises a first section filled with the filling component 60 and a second section not filled with the filling component.
  • the inner volume of the tube 20 between the heating element 50 and the side walls 24 comprises a first section filled with the filling component 60 and a second section not filled with the filling component.
  • the filling component 60 may be selectively introduced into the tube 20 and not fill the whole volume. This may allow to more selectively transfer heat within tube 20 and/or save the material.
  • the heating element 50 may extend outside the tube 20. It may however also be contained completely within the volume of the tube 20 defined between its walls 21, 24.
  • Fig. 3 shows a diagram of a process for manufacturing a tube 20 for an electric heater. It comprises a step of providing 101 a tube 20, e.g. a tube 20 with two side walls 24 connecting the large walls 21. Next, in step 102 the tube 20 is arranged so that one of its ends is higher with respect to the ground that the other end. For example, the tube 20 may be arranged vertically. In this way, the filling component 60 may be injected to the tube 20 and propagate inside thanks to gravity. In next step 103, heating components 50 is introduced into the tube 20 so that they are held distanced from the tube 20 at any point.
  • the filling component 60 is introduced to the tube 20 so that it fills the tube 20 and surrounds the heating component at selected sections, or it fills the entire volume. Subsequently, the filling component 60 can be cured so that is solidifies, e.g. in case of liquid resin acting as the filling component 60.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
EP20187808.9A 2020-07-26 2020-07-26 Tube pour un chauffage électrique Withdrawn EP3945747A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20187808.9A EP3945747A1 (fr) 2020-07-26 2020-07-26 Tube pour un chauffage électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20187808.9A EP3945747A1 (fr) 2020-07-26 2020-07-26 Tube pour un chauffage électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3945747A1 true EP3945747A1 (fr) 2022-02-02

Family

ID=71833184

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20187808.9A Withdrawn EP3945747A1 (fr) 2020-07-26 2020-07-26 Tube pour un chauffage électrique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3945747A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080173637A1 (en) * 2005-11-02 2008-07-24 Koshiro Taguchi Insulated waterproof heater
EP2397788A1 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-21 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Caloporteur et procédé de fabrication d'un tel caloporteur
DE102011077922A1 (de) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeübertrager
US20140299293A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2014-10-09 Stego-Holding Gmbh Cooling and holding device for heating-elements, heater and method for producing a cooling and holding device
WO2015082434A1 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif électrique de conditionnement thermique de fluide pour véhicule automobile, et appareil de chauffage et/ou de climatisation associé
US20190120523A1 (en) * 2017-10-19 2019-04-25 Tom Richards, Inc. Heat transfer assembly

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080173637A1 (en) * 2005-11-02 2008-07-24 Koshiro Taguchi Insulated waterproof heater
EP2397788A1 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-21 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Caloporteur et procédé de fabrication d'un tel caloporteur
DE102011077922A1 (de) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeübertrager
US20140299293A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2014-10-09 Stego-Holding Gmbh Cooling and holding device for heating-elements, heater and method for producing a cooling and holding device
WO2015082434A1 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif électrique de conditionnement thermique de fluide pour véhicule automobile, et appareil de chauffage et/ou de climatisation associé
US20190120523A1 (en) * 2017-10-19 2019-04-25 Tom Richards, Inc. Heat transfer assembly

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