EP3944983A1 - Station de ravitaillement de gaz - Google Patents

Station de ravitaillement de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3944983A1
EP3944983A1 EP21187662.8A EP21187662A EP3944983A1 EP 3944983 A1 EP3944983 A1 EP 3944983A1 EP 21187662 A EP21187662 A EP 21187662A EP 3944983 A1 EP3944983 A1 EP 3944983A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
supply station
electrical energy
vehicle
energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21187662.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Maier
Guido Gruber
Annika Michel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EnBW Energie Baden Wuerttemberg AG
Original Assignee
EnBW Energie Baden Wuerttemberg AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EnBW Energie Baden Wuerttemberg AG filed Critical EnBW Energie Baden Wuerttemberg AG
Publication of EP3944983A1 publication Critical patent/EP3944983A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/57—Charging stations without connection to power networks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/001—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0284—Electrical motor as the prime mechanical driver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/02—Supplying fuel to vehicles; General disposition of plant in filling stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/66—Landfill or fermentation off-gas, e.g. "Bio-gas"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/30—Integration in an installation using renewable energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a supply station for charging an energy store of a vehicle.
  • the present invention also relates to a system for charging an energy store of a vehicle.
  • Biogas is a combustible gas that is produced by fermenting biomass. Biogas is produced in biogas plants using both waste and renewable raw materials. In current plants, the biogas is cleaned after production and fed into the existing gas network. However, it is also possible for liquefaction to take place through the use of a corresponding liquefaction plant, after which the liquid biogas can then be transported away by means of appropriate tank trucks or tankers.
  • US2014/0000188A1 discloses a combined shopping facility that not only offers different goods and services to consumers, but also provides different types of fuels to meet the needs of different vehicles.
  • the different types of fuels can include liquefied natural gas, gaseous natural gas, hydrogen, electricity, fuel cells, bio-alcohol, ethanol, methanol and butanol fuels, biogas, biodiesel or biomass fuels, as well as conventional fuel types such as petrol or diesel.
  • one challenge lies in the sign of the energy turnaround in proceeding as energy-efficiently as possible when supplying vehicles with energy in various forms.
  • a supply station is to be provided that makes it possible to fill or charge different energy storage devices in vehicles.
  • the invention relates to a system for charging an energy store of a vehicle, with a biogas plant for generating biogas and a supply station as described above.
  • the proposed fuel station is based on the use of a combustible gas that powers a combined heat and power unit in the fuel station.
  • the electrical energy and/or heat of the combined heat and power unit is used to generate a charging energy product.
  • This charging energy product is delivered to a vehicle via at least one connection unit.
  • the vehicle's energy store is filled with the charging energy product and/or with the electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit.
  • a combined heat and power unit in a supply station or in a gas station that is operated with a combustible gas enables energy-efficient charging of energy storage devices vehicles. Because at least the electrical energy or the heat and preferably both the electrical energy and the heat of the combined heat and power unit is used to generate the charging energy product, a high level of energy efficiency can be achieved. It becomes possible for the received combustible gas to be efficiently converted into an appropriate charging energy product. This charge energy product can then be used to charge the vehicle's energy store.
  • an existing supply station is usually retrofitted with additional connection units for supplying a vehicle with different types of energy.
  • the approach according to the invention offers the advantage that electrical energy and heat are obtained on site in order to generate at least one charging energy product.
  • storage of the charging energy product is not necessary or only necessary to a small extent.
  • a modular expandability of the supply station is achieved. Additional charging energy products can be added as required. The result is an energy- and cost-efficient supply of vehicles with suitable charging energy products.
  • the receiving unit is designed to receive liquefied natural gas as a combustible gas, preferably liquefied biogas.
  • liquefied natural gas can be received.
  • the liquefied natural gas is fed to the receiving unit, for example, via appropriate tank vehicles or also via an appropriate line.
  • biogas is received, regenerative energy can be used as the basis for generating the charging energy product. This enables an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly supply of vehicles.
  • the receiving unit is designed to receive gaseous natural gas as a combustible gas, preferably gaseous biogas.
  • the conversion unit includes a gas liquefaction plant for liquefying the received combustible gas using the generated electrical energy.
  • gaseous natural gas can be received, for example by being connected to the natural gas network.
  • biogas can be received in the form of a balance sheet.
  • the received gaseous natural gas is then liquefied using the electrical energy generated by the cogeneration unit.
  • the liquefied gas is available for filling a corresponding energy store in a vehicle.
  • a large memory in the supply station can be dispensed with. The result is a cost- and energy-efficient way of supplying a vehicle with liquefied natural gas.
  • the conversion unit comprises a compression unit for generating compressed gas from the liquefied natural gas using the electrical energy obtained and the heat obtained. It is possible for the liquefied gas to be compressed further in order to supply it in compressed form to a corresponding energy store in a vehicle. During compression, both the electrical energy obtained and the heat obtained from the combined heat and power unit are used. Because both the electrical energy and the heat are used, efficient energy conversion or energy utilization can take place. Waste, for example in the form of waste heat, is avoided.
  • the compression unit includes a pump operated with the electrical energy obtained. Additionally or alternatively, the conversion unit includes an evaporator operated with the heat obtained.
  • a pump that is operated with the electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit can be used for compressing the liquefied natural gas to form the compressed gas. It is also possible for the compressed gas, which is preferably compressed in the liquid state, to be vaporized in an evaporator based on the heat obtained with the combined heat and power unit. Gaseous natural gas is thus produced again from the liquefied natural gas by means of a corresponding evaporator.
  • a connection to vehicles that are standardized in a corresponding manner can take place. Efficient utilization of the electrical energy and the heat obtained from the combined heat and power unit results.
  • the supply station includes a compressed gas connection unit for filling a compressed gas store of a vehicle with the compressed gas.
  • a compressed gas connection unit can be provided for connecting a corresponding vehicle or a corresponding energy store of a vehicle. Such is designed to create a stable and resilient connection between the compressed gas in the supply station and a corresponding high-pressure tank of the vehicle. A vehicle with a pressure accumulator can therefore be refueled directly or the pressure accumulator can be filled.
  • the conversion unit includes a further compression unit for generating highly compressed gas from the compressed gas.
  • the additional compression unit preferably includes an additional pump operated with the electrical energy obtained.
  • the conversion unit comprises a steam reforming unit for generating hydrogen from the highly compressed gas using the electrical energy and/or the electrical power obtained.
  • this highly compressed gas can be used in a steam reforming unit or in a steam reforming process to generate hydrogen.
  • the generated electrical energy and/or the generated heat is used.
  • the result is an almost complete utilization of the energy and heat of the combined heat and power unit. In this respect, an energy-efficient conversion can also be carried out in this case.
  • the steam reforming process then produces hydrogen, which is available for corresponding hydrogen-powered vehicles.
  • the conversion unit comprises a hydrogen liquefaction unit for liquefying the generated hydrogen using the heat obtained. Initially, after the steam reforming process, the hydrogen is in a gaseous state. A liquefaction can be carried out in a corresponding hydrogen liquefaction unit. This liquid hydrogen is then available for filling the corresponding energy storage devices in vehicles.
  • the supply station includes a hydrogen connection unit for filling a hydrogen storage device of a vehicle with the generated hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen can be used both in the gaseous and in the liquid state.
  • a vehicle is preferably filled with gaseous hydrogen.
  • the fact that a corresponding connection unit is directly available with which a hydrogen storage device of a vehicle can be filled means that there is no need for a large-scale hydrogen storage device. There is a cost saving compared to conventional hydrogen filling stations.
  • the supply station includes a liquefied natural gas connection unit for filling a liquefied natural gas storage tank of a vehicle with the liquefied natural gas. If liquefied natural gas or liquefied natural gas is available, this can be issued to vehicles via a corresponding connection unit. In this respect, vehicles with liquefied natural gas storage tanks can also be filled. It is not necessary to keep large amounts of liquefied natural gas in stock, since the liquefied natural gas can be generated within the supply station.
  • the supply station includes a power connection unit for filling a power storage device of a vehicle with the electrical energy obtained.
  • the power connection unit is preferably designed as a charging station or as a wall charging station. In other words, it is possible to use the electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit directly to charge a power storage device in a vehicle load. In this respect, the energy obtained by means of the combined heat and power unit is used efficiently.
  • the supply station includes a photovoltaic unit for generating electrical energy.
  • the generated electrical energy can be used directly to charge the battery of an electric vehicle.
  • the electrical energy obtained it is also possible for the electrical energy obtained to be used for other purposes, for example for operating a filling station infrastructure.
  • the supply station includes an electrolysis unit for generating hydrogen from the electrical energy obtained. Furthermore, the supply station includes a methanation unit for generating synthetic methane from the generated hydrogen and for supplying the synthetic methane to the receiving unit as a combustible gas. If a larger amount or an excess of electrical energy is available, for example due to intense solar radiation on the photovoltaic cells of the photovoltaic unit, this electrical energy can be used in an electrolysis unit to generate hydrogen. Hydrogen is generated in an electrolysis unit in a corresponding electrolysis process. In addition, a methanation unit can be provided, which in turn generates synthetic methane based on the generated hydrogen, which is then available as a combustible gas via the receiving unit. In this respect, there is an efficient use of excess electrical energy. A waste of energy is avoided.
  • the supply station includes a power storage device for storing the generated electrical energy.
  • the power storage device is preferably in the form of a lithium-ion storage device.
  • a power storage unit assumes a buffer function in order to use the continuously generated electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit and—if necessary—the photovoltaic unit. A power storage allowed a higher proportion of directly used electrical energy. Waste is prevented.
  • the combined heat and power unit is designed as a combined heat and power plant with an electrical output of between 50 kW and 500 kW. It has been shown that a combined heat and power plant (CHP) with a corresponding electrical output is sufficiently powerful for operation in a supply station. A high level of efficiency results.
  • CHP combined heat and power plant
  • an energy storage device of a vehicle corresponds to a device for storing one type of energy.
  • an energy store can include a tank for storing liquid or gaseous natural gas or a battery for storing electrical energy.
  • a combined heat and power unit is herein a device that enables the simultaneous production of mechanical energy and useful heat in a thermodynamic process. The mechanical energy is immediately converted into electricity. The combined heat and power unit uses the received combustible gas for this.
  • a charging energy product is understood here to mean, in particular, a substance that can be stored in a vehicle in order to operate the vehicle.
  • a charging energy product can be liquid or gaseous natural gas, hydrogen or electrical energy.
  • combustible gas can include all types of combustible gases or gas mixtures that can be transported and processed in gaseous or liquefied form.
  • liquefied natural gas (LNG) or compressed natural gas (CNG) mean a combustible gas or a combustible gas mixture that includes methane.
  • the liquefied or compressed natural gas can come from both fossil sources and renewable sources.
  • biogas is understood to mean in particular a type of liquefied or compressed natural gas that is produced by the fermentation of biomass.
  • a system 10 for charging an energy store 12 of a vehicle 14 is shown schematically.
  • the system 10 includes a biogas liquefaction plant 16 in which biogas is generated, in particular by fermenting biowaste or renewable raw materials.
  • the system also includes a supply station 18 in which the energy store 12 of the vehicle 14 can be charged or filled.
  • a connection unit 20 is provided, which is designed as a power charging station to charge a vehicle battery.
  • the biogas liquefaction plant 16 is arranged in particular at a spatial distance from the supply station 18 .
  • the biogas produced in the biogas plant can be transported to the supply station 18 in particular in the liquefied state by means of a corresponding transport vehicle and can be received at the supply station 18 via a receiving unit 22 .
  • a combined heat and power unit 24 is operated in the supply station 18 on the basis of the liquefied natural gas as the combustible gas.
  • a charging energy product is generated in a conversion unit 26 based on the heat and/or electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit 24 , with which the vehicle 14 can then be supplied.
  • the system 10 according to the invention corresponds to an approach for regeneratively supplying vehicles with energy.
  • a major advantage of the proposed approach is the modular expandability of the supply station 18.
  • the units and components of the supply station 18 can be combined in an energetically sensible manner depending on the application site and specific arrangements.
  • the basis of the energy supply is always a combustible gas and in particular biogas, which can be used to generate various other charging energy products.
  • the various charging energy products are at least largely generated from renewable sources. Different charging energy products are generated in the supply station 18, with energy efficiency being taken into account in the generation. In particular, less energy should be used to generate the charging energy products in the supply station 18 according to the invention than if they were generated separately.
  • the supply station 18 includes a receiving unit 22, a combined heat and power unit 24, a conversion unit 26 and at least one connection unit 20.
  • the supply station 18 includes the supply station 18 four connection units 28a-28d.
  • the supply station 18 in the exemplary embodiment shown includes a billing unit 30 which serves to enable billing between an energy provider and a purchaser of the energy.
  • the various units can be embodied individually or in a combined form. In particular, the units can also include several sub-units.
  • the arrows shown in the 2 indicate the electricity (-.), gas (-), hydrogen (-..) and heat distribution within the supply station 18.
  • the receiving unit 22 serves to receive the combustible gas.
  • the receiving unit 22 can include in particular a connecting piece for filling in the combustible gas, for example through a network connection to a natural gas network or also through the connection of a liquefied natural gas tanker.
  • the receiving unit 22 can include a corresponding tank for receiving liquefied natural gas or also a pressure accumulator for receiving gaseous natural gas.
  • the combined heat and power unit 24 is designed to generate electrical energy and heat based on the combustible gas.
  • the combined heat and power unit can be designed as a combined heat and power plant (CHP).
  • the CHP can preferably have an electrical output of between 50 kW and 500 kW.
  • the combined heat and power unit 24 uses a thermodynamic process to generate mechanical energy and useful heat. The mechanical energy is immediately converted into electrical current or electrical energy.
  • the combined heat and power unit 24 can be arranged in particular together with the conversion unit 26 and the receiving unit 22 within a supply building of the supply station 18 .
  • the conversion unit 26 is used to generate at least one charging energy product using the electrical energy and/or heat obtained.
  • the conversion unit 26 is modular insofar as in In the simplest case, only the electrical energy or heat is used.
  • the illustrated embodiment in the 2 includes the conversion unit 26 several components. It goes without saying that the components can also be combined in other ways.
  • the received combustible gas is liquefied in a gas liquefaction unit 32 using the electrical energy obtained from the combined heat and power unit 24 .
  • This is particularly the case when gaseous natural gas is received via the receiving unit 22 . Otherwise, liquefaction is not necessary.
  • the liquefied natural gas connection unit 28c corresponds in particular to an LNG pump.
  • the conversion unit 26 in the exemplary embodiment shown comprises a compression unit 34 which is designed to produce compressed gas from liquefied natural gas.
  • the compression unit 34 is coupled to the gas liquefaction unit 32 . It goes without saying, however, that it is also possible to connect the compression unit 34 directly to the receiving unit 22 if this is designed to receive liquefied natural gas.
  • the compression unit 34 is operated with the electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit 24 and includes in particular an electric pump. For example, a pressure of 300 bar can be generated via the electric pump. Comparatively high electrical power is required to generate such a pressure.
  • the pressure in the supply station 18 according to the invention is generated in the liquid state of the combustible gas. For this is im Significantly less energy is required compared to generating pressure in a gaseous state.
  • the conversion unit 26 in the exemplary embodiment shown includes an evaporator 36 which can be operated in particular with the heat obtained from the combined heat and power unit 24 .
  • the liquefied natural gas can be evaporated in the evaporator 36 based on the waste heat from the combined heat and power unit 24 in order to then be stored in a pressure accumulator for a CNG filling station or CNG pump.
  • a corresponding compression gas connection unit 28b is provided, via which a compression gas reservoir of a vehicle can be filled with the compressed gas.
  • the compressed gas connection unit 28b can, in particular, include a CNG fuel pump, possibly together with a corresponding tank.
  • the conversion unit 26 includes a further compression unit 38 which is also operated with the electrical energy of the combined heat and power unit 24 .
  • the further compression unit 38 highly compressed gas is generated from the compressed gas. The pressure continues to increase.
  • the further compression unit 38 can include an electric pump for this purpose.
  • the compressed gas is further compressed in the liquid state in order to avoid the comparatively higher compression energies in the gaseous state. In particular, compression can take place up to a pressure of 800 bar.
  • hydrogen is then generated from the highly compressed gas in a steam reforming unit 40 (in particular comprising a steam reformer) using the electrical energy obtained and/or the heat obtained from the combined heat and power unit 24 .
  • a steam reforming unit 40 in particular comprising a steam reformer
  • the combustible gas is converted into hydrogen in a steam reformer at a high pressure of 800 bar.
  • the vaporization heat required for this arises in part during reforming, but can also be taken from the combined heat and power unit 24 .
  • this approach represents an economical method for generating green hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen is made available via a hydrogen connection unit 28a for filling a hydrogen storage device in a vehicle.
  • the hydrogen connection unit 28a can be designed in particular as a hydrogen pump.
  • the conversion unit 26 may also include a hydrogen liquefaction unit 42 for liquefying the hydrogen that is produced.
  • the heat obtained from the combined heat and power unit 24 can also be used for this purpose.
  • a power connection unit 28d is also provided, which is used to fill a power storage unit of a vehicle with the electrical energy obtained from the combined heat and power unit 24 .
  • This power connection unit 28d can be designed in particular as a charging station or as a wall charging station.
  • a delivered amount of the charging energy product is measured in order to determine what price the consumer has to pay for filling the energy store of his vehicle.
  • Embodiments of the supply station 18 are shown in which liquefied natural gas is received directly as a combustible gas via the receiving unit 22 . Therefore, in contrast to the in 2 illustrated variant provided no gas liquefaction unit.
  • the received liquefied natural gas is sold at the in Figures 3 to 5 shown Embodiments provided directly to the liquefied natural gas connection unit 28c and also processed further directly in the compression unit 34 .
  • a photovoltaic unit 44 is additionally provided, which can comprise photovoltaic cells arranged on a roof of the supply station 18, for example.
  • the photovoltaic unit 44 is used to obtain electrical energy from solar radiation.
  • hydrogen can be generated in an electrolysis unit 46 .
  • An electrolysis process is carried out.
  • This generated hydrogen can be used in a methanation unit 48 to generate synthetic methane or directly (for example by feeding/admixing it into the natural gas network).
  • the hydrogen is methanized.
  • the synthetic methane produced can in turn be fed to the receiving unit 22 as a combustible gas.
  • CO 2 from the combined heat and power unit 24 can be used in the methanation, as indicated by the dashed arrow.
  • a hydrogen storage device 50 is also provided, in which the hydrogen produced can be stored temporarily. It goes without saying that it is also possible for the hydrogen produced in the electrolysis unit 46 or the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device 50 to be routed to the hydrogen connection unit 28a in order to be available for filling a hydrogen storage device of a vehicle.
  • the photovoltaic unit 44 is connected to a power storage device 52 .
  • the electricity storage device 52 feeds the electrical energy into the corresponding electricity network of the supply station 18 .
  • the power storage device 52 can be embodied as a lithium-ion storage device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP21187662.8A 2020-07-28 2021-07-26 Station de ravitaillement de gaz Pending EP3944983A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020119876.0A DE102020119876A1 (de) 2020-07-28 2020-07-28 Versorgungsstation zum Aufladen eines Energiespeichers eines Fahrzeugs

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EP3944983A1 true EP3944983A1 (fr) 2022-02-02

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140000188A1 (en) 2011-01-05 2014-01-02 Mark Vayda Single stop shopping and fueling facility
DE202020000061U1 (de) * 2020-01-07 2020-03-13 Karl-Heinz Clemens Mobile Tankstellen für die Versorgung von Verbrauchern insbesondere von Elektro-Kraftfahrzeugen mit elektrischem Strom und Wasserstoffgas erzeugt aus erneuerbaren Energien insbesondere aus Wind-, Sonnen-, Wasserkraft
JP2020099171A (ja) * 2019-04-16 2020-06-25 東横化学株式会社 急速充電ステーション

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140000188A1 (en) 2011-01-05 2014-01-02 Mark Vayda Single stop shopping and fueling facility
JP2020099171A (ja) * 2019-04-16 2020-06-25 東横化学株式会社 急速充電ステーション
DE202020000061U1 (de) * 2020-01-07 2020-03-13 Karl-Heinz Clemens Mobile Tankstellen für die Versorgung von Verbrauchern insbesondere von Elektro-Kraftfahrzeugen mit elektrischem Strom und Wasserstoffgas erzeugt aus erneuerbaren Energien insbesondere aus Wind-, Sonnen-, Wasserkraft

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
ESSER NEUMAN &: "NEUMAN & ESSER LNG BOG COMPRESSORS", 31 May 2018 (2018-05-31), pages 1 - 5, XP055867990, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.neuman-esser.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Broschueren/Bro-LNG_2018.pdf> [retrieved on 20211201] *
NACHTMANN KORBINIAN ET AL: "Effiziente Speicherung und mobile Nutzung von Biogas als flüssiges Biomethan", LANDTECHNIK, 1 January 2017 (2017-01-01), pages 1 - 23, XP055867980, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.haw-landshut.de/fileadmin/Hochschule_Landshut_NEU/Ungeschuetzt/Fakultaet-MB/Professorenseiten/Prof_Dr_rer_nat_Josef_Hofmann/Publikationen/Publikationen/Landtechnik_LBM.pdf> [retrieved on 20211201], DOI: 10.15150/lt.2017.xxx *
SBZ: "BHKW betankt Elektrofahrzeuge", 31 March 2011 (2011-03-31), pages 1 - 5, XP055867831, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.sbz-online.de/node/92639/print> [retrieved on 20211201] *

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