EP3943870B1 - Device for extracting a high-calibre projectile jammed in a weapon barrel - Google Patents

Device for extracting a high-calibre projectile jammed in a weapon barrel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3943870B1
EP3943870B1 EP21177823.8A EP21177823A EP3943870B1 EP 3943870 B1 EP3943870 B1 EP 3943870B1 EP 21177823 A EP21177823 A EP 21177823A EP 3943870 B1 EP3943870 B1 EP 3943870B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking means
projectile
barrel
controlling
tube
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EP21177823.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3943870A1 (en
Inventor
Romain PIPART
Patrick MULTON
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Nexter Systems SA
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Nexter Systems SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/22—Tools for extracting cartridges

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of devices and methods for extracting a large caliber projectile stuck in a weapon barrel.
  • the patent FR2975178 teaches the use of an extraction device comprising an unblocking mass of a diameter smaller than the caliber of the tube, mass which is intended to be introduced into the tube at the level of the mouth of the latter, then to be released into the tube to impact the blocked projectile by inertia.
  • the mass is secured to one end of a rope and, in order to be able to lock or unlock the rope, the second end of the latter can be secured with a locking and unlocking means.
  • the blocking and unblocking means is secured to a vehicle carrying the weapon. Once the mass has been inserted into the tube, which must first be placed horizontally, the tube must be raised to the highest possible position before proceeding with the remote release of the mass using the blocking/unblocking means of the rope.
  • the invention proposes to simplify these unlocking devices and methods while solving this security problem.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for extracting a large caliber projectile stuck in a tube of a weapon, device comprising a solid body with a diameter less than the caliber of the tube and intended to be introduced into the tube at the level of the mouth of the latter then to be released in the tube in order to impact the blocked projectile by inertia, device characterized in that it comprises at least two radially expandable blocking means, each capable of moving between a blocked position in which it is applied radially against the internal wall of the tube and an unlocked position in which it is not applied against the tube, the passage of the locking means from one position to the other being ensured by means of expansion, device comprising translation means making it possible to axially translate a first blocking means with respect to a second blocking means.
  • each blocking means may comprise a toroidal chamber made of elastic plastic material, the expansion means comprising a pneumatic compressor coupled to the chambers via pneumatic distributors controllable so as to inflate one and/or or the other of the chambers so that it (s) gets stuck radially in the tube in the locked position, the deflation of one and/or the other chamber giving it the unlocked position.
  • each blocking means may comprise at least one pair of jaws intended to cooperate with the internal surface of the tube, which jaws can be applied against the inside of the tube by the expansion means.
  • the expansion means may comprise at least one elliptical roller driven in rotation by an electric motor, the roller pushing radially and simultaneously the two jaws of each pair, elastic means connecting the jaws of each pair against the action of the roller so as to bring the jaws back into the unlocked position.
  • the device may include means for detecting the arrival of the device at the muzzle of the weapon and which automatically interrupts the progress of the device.
  • the detection means may comprise an optical sensor.
  • an extraction device 1 is introduced at the level of the mouth 101 of a weapon tube 100 (here an artillery piece), previously oriented at zero elevation, in which a projectile 200 is stuck at the level of the forcing cone.
  • a weapon tube 100 here an artillery piece
  • the device 1 comprises a solid body 2, the total mass of which is between 20 and 100 kilograms, and which comprises a knocker mass 3 (for example made of steel) at the level of its face facing the projectile 200 to be unjammed.
  • the body 2 is of a smaller diameter than that of the tube 100 in order to be able to slide in the tube 100. In order to be able to slide better, the body may be equipped with pads 2a limiting the friction between the body 2 and the tube 100.
  • the device 1 comprises at least two radially expandable locking means 4 and 5, each capable of moving between a locked position in which it is applied radially against the internal wall of the tube 100 and an unlocked position in which it is not applied against the tube 100.
  • the passage of the blocking means 4 and 5 from one of the positions to the other of the positions is ensured by an expansion means 6.
  • each blocking means 4 and 5 may be provided at least two diametrically opposed jaws or sectors which are moved radially so as to be applied or not against the wall of the tube.
  • each blocking means 4 and 5 here comprises a toroidal chamber 4a and 5a made of elastic plastic material or elastomer.
  • the expansion means 6 then comprises a pneumatic compressor 6 which is coupled to each of the chambers 4a or 5a via controllable pneumatic distributors 33 ( figure 7 ) so as to inflate one or the other of the chambers so that it expands and becomes wedged radially against the wall of the tube 100 to adopt a blocked position.
  • the distributors 33 can then be controlled so as to deflate the chamber or chambers considered so that it no longer adheres to the tube 100.
  • the deflated chamber then occupies an unlocked position. Chambers 4a and 5a will be better seen in the following figures.
  • the body 2 of the device therefore contains a pneumatic compressor 6 which is connected to each blocking means 4 and 5 by pipes carrying pneumatic distributors 33 that can be controlled. It also contains a means of translation 8 which will comprise for example a pneumatic linear cylinder 8 whose direction of movement of the rod is controlled by one of the distributors 33 (one could alternatively provide a screw jack).
  • the translation means 8 makes it possible to bring the blocking means 4 and 5 axially closer together or further apart.
  • An electronic control box 31 makes it possible to control the sequencing of the inflation or deflation operations of the toric chambers 4a and 5a of each blocking means 4 or 5 and the movement of the translation means 8.
  • This control box 31 (or the body 2 ) may include a computer 32 or a programmable automaton incorporating the control sequence(s) which will be described later.
  • the first blocking means 4 and the second blocking means 5 are both in the blocked position to ensure perfect immobility of the device 1 relative to the tube 100.
  • the device 1 has been introduced beforehand into the tube 100, positioned at the horizontal.
  • the locking means 4 and 5 are of course in the unlocked position. It is only once the device has been put in place that the blocking means are put into the blocked position by the expansion means 6, before modifying the elevation angle of the tube.
  • the energy supply to device 1 can be done either from an external source by means of a power cord, not shown, or else from batteries embedded in device 1 (batteries not shown).
  • the tube 100 has been oriented at its maximum site, placing the device 1 in an almost vertical position.
  • the locking means 4 and 5 have been placed in the unlocked position, causing the device 1 to fall by gravity into the tube 100.
  • the device 1 struck the projectile 200 in the vicinity of its warhead while avoiding hitting the fuze 203 thanks to a clearance 3a arranged at the level of the knocker 3.
  • the kinetic energy released by the impact of the device 1 on the projectile 200 must unjam the latter from the tube 100. If the projectile 200 is not released, it is necessary to raise the device 1 as high as possible in the tube 100 to reiterate the fall of the device 1 and cause a new shock on the projectile 200 for the unlock.
  • the second blocking means 5 is first positioned in the blocked position (here by inflation of the chamber 5a). Then the first locking means 4, which is in the unlocked position, is translated by a stroke X along an axis parallel to the tube 100 in the direction of the mouth of the tube 100 thanks to the translation means 8 which may include the pneumatic linear cylinder or notice. This first translational movement tends to move the first blocking means 4 away from the second blocking means 5 and also from the body 2 of the device (which is fixed axially with respect to the second blocking means).
  • the latter is placed in the blocked position as shown in figure 5 , here by inflation of the chamber 4a.
  • the second locking means 5 is placed in the unlocked position.
  • the translation means 8 is then actuated in the opposite direction so as to bring the blocking means 4 and 5 closer to each other. This movement has the effect of raising the body 2 of the device 1 in the tube 100 and more generally of raising the entire device 1 by a distance X towards the top of the tube 100.
  • the second locking means 5 is placed in the locked position, ensuring the immobilization of the device 1 with respect to the tube 100, and placing the device in a configuration identical to that of the figure 2 . It is then possible to repeat the operation of moving then blocking the first blocking means 4 with respect to the second blocking means 5 as previously described.
  • a step-by-step movement X is obtained at each step which allows the device 1 to reach the top of the tube 100 without an operator having to approach the part. of artillery.
  • the upward movement of device 1 is interrupted when device 1 has reached the muzzle of the weapon. This interruption can either be controlled by a remote operator, or intervene automatically.
  • the detection of the reaching of the mouth 101 of the tube 100 could be done for example by means of a sensor evaluating the distance traveled by the device 1 in the tube (by counting for example the number of running cycles X).
  • a new release can be carried out by the command of an operator, or else the device can be removed if it is decided not to drop it on the projectile again.
  • the removal of the device can also be done through the breech once the projectile has been unlocked.
  • each locking means 4 and 5 no longer comprises toroidal chambers 4a and 5a but at least one pair of jaws 4b (or 5b), diametrically opposed and which each have an external sector profile which corresponds with the internal surface of the tube 100
  • Each blocking means 4 and 5 comprises at least one elliptical roller 20 which, when it pivots, pushes the two jaws 4b (or 5b) associated with it radially and simultaneously against the inside of the tube 100 so as to block the blocking means 4 or 5 in the tube 100 as seen in figure 8a .
  • Elastic means 19 (here a pair of springs connecting the ends of the jaws) connect the jaws of each pair and act against the action of the thrust of the roller(s) 20. They allow the pairs of jaws 4b or 5b.
  • the material of the jaws 4b and 5b will be chosen so that it offers the highest possible coefficient of friction with respect to the nature of the material inside the tube 100.
  • the pivoting of each elliptical roller 20 is ensured by an electric motor 21.
  • the invention therefore allows safe withdrawal of a projectile stuck in a tube since all the unjamming operations and the repetition of these operations can be controlled remotely from the weapon (here the artillery piece).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Stroboscope Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs et procédés d'extraction d'un projectile de gros calibre coincé dans un tube d'arme.The technical field of the invention is that of devices and methods for extracting a large caliber projectile stuck in a weapon barrel.

Lors de la mise à poste d'un projectile de gros calibre dans un tube d'artillerie, le projectile est maintenu en place par son coincement dans le cône de forcement du tube.When positioning a large caliber projectile in an artillery tube, the projectile is held in place by its wedging in the forcing cone of the tube.

Il peut arriver qu'un dysfonctionnement de la pièce d'artillerie ou une annulation de l'ordre de tir engendre la nécessité de retirer le projectile du tube pour une mise en sécurité de l'arme.It may happen that a malfunction of the artillery piece or a cancellation of the firing order generates the need to remove the projectile from the barrel in order to secure the weapon.

Pour permettre le déblocage et le retrait du projectile, le brevet FR2975178 enseigne d'employer un dispositif d'extraction comportant une masse de déblocage d'un diamètre inférieur au calibre du tube, masse qui est destinée à être introduite dans le tube au niveau de la bouche de ce dernier, puis à être libérée dans le tube pour venir impacter par inertie le projectile bloqué.To allow the release and removal of the projectile, the patent FR2975178 teaches the use of an extraction device comprising an unblocking mass of a diameter smaller than the caliber of the tube, mass which is intended to be introduced into the tube at the level of the mouth of the latter, then to be released into the tube to impact the blocked projectile by inertia.

La masse est solidaire d'une extrémité d'une corde et, afin de pouvoir bloquer ou débloquer la corde, la seconde extrémité de cette dernière est solidarisable avec un moyen de blocage et déblocage.The mass is secured to one end of a rope and, in order to be able to lock or unlock the rope, the second end of the latter can be secured with a locking and unlocking means.

Le moyen de blocage et déblocage est solidaire d'un véhicule porteur de l'arme. Une fois la masse insérée dans le tube, qui doit préalablement être placé à l'horizontale, il faut remonter le tube à un site le plus élevé possible avant de procéder au largage à distance de la masse grâce au moyen de blocage/déblocage de la corde.The blocking and unblocking means is secured to a vehicle carrying the weapon. Once the mass has been inserted into the tube, which must first be placed horizontally, the tube must be raised to the highest possible position before proceeding with the remote release of the mass using the blocking/unblocking means of the rope.

Durant toute l'opération d'élévation du tube, la corde doit être maintenue tendue manuellement ce qui pose des problèmes du point de vue de la sécurité.Throughout the entire operation of raising the tube, the rope must be kept taut manually, which poses problems from the point of view of safety.

En outre la fixation du moyen de blocage/déblocage de l'arme sur une pièce d'artillerie sans provoquer d'entrave de la corde avec d'autres équipements de la pièce n'est pas toujours possible.In addition, fixing the means for blocking/unblocking the weapon on an artillery piece without causing the rope to be impeded with other equipment in the piece is not always possible.

Enfin, si le projectile n'a pas été débloqué lors du premier largage, il faut réitérer toute l'opération de hissage de la masse ce qui implique la présence d'un opérateur au pied de la pièce non sécurisée.Finally, if the projectile has not been released during the first release, the whole operation of hoisting the mass must be repeated, which implies the presence of an operator at the foot of the unsecured part.

L'invention propose de simplifier ces dispositifs et procédés de déblocage tout en résolvant ce problème de sécurité.The invention proposes to simplify these unlocking devices and methods while solving this security problem.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'extraction d'un projectile de gros calibre coincé dans un tube d'une arme, dispositif comportant un corps massif d'un diamètre inférieur au calibre du tube et destiné à être introduit dans le tube au niveau de la bouche de ce dernier puis à être libéré dans le tube pour venir impacter par inertie le projectile bloqué, dispositif caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux moyens de blocage expansibles radialement, chacun apte à évoluer entre une position bloquée dans laquelle il est appliqué radialement contre la paroi interne du tube et une position débloquée dans laquelle il n'est pas appliqué contre le tube, le passage des moyens de blocage de l'une à l'autre des positions étant assuré par un moyen d'expansion, dispositif comportant un moyen de translation permettant de translater axialement un premier moyen de blocage par rapport à un second moyen de blocage.Thus the subject of the invention is a device for extracting a large caliber projectile stuck in a tube of a weapon, device comprising a solid body with a diameter less than the caliber of the tube and intended to be introduced into the tube at the level of the mouth of the latter then to be released in the tube in order to impact the blocked projectile by inertia, device characterized in that it comprises at least two radially expandable blocking means, each capable of moving between a blocked position in which it is applied radially against the internal wall of the tube and an unlocked position in which it is not applied against the tube, the passage of the locking means from one position to the other being ensured by means of expansion, device comprising translation means making it possible to axially translate a first blocking means with respect to a second blocking means.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, chaque moyen de blocage pourra comporter une chambre torique en matière plastique élastique, le moyen d'expansion comportant un compresseur pneumatique couplé aux chambres par l'intermédiaire de distributeurs pneumatiques commandables de manière à gonfler l'une et/ou l'autre des chambres pour qu'elle (s) se coince (nt) radialement dans le tube dans la position bloquée, le dégonflage de l'une et/ou de l'autre chambre lui donnant la position débloquée.According to a first embodiment, each blocking means may comprise a toroidal chamber made of elastic plastic material, the expansion means comprising a pneumatic compressor coupled to the chambers via pneumatic distributors controllable so as to inflate one and/or or the other of the chambers so that it (s) gets stuck radially in the tube in the locked position, the deflation of one and/or the other chamber giving it the unlocked position.

Selon un second mode de réalisation, chaque moyen de blocage pourra comporter au moins une paire de mâchoires destinées à coopérer avec la surface interne du tube, mâchoires pouvant être appliquées contre l'intérieur du tube par le moyen d'expansion.According to a second embodiment, each blocking means may comprise at least one pair of jaws intended to cooperate with the internal surface of the tube, which jaws can be applied against the inside of the tube by the expansion means.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le moyen d'expansion pourra comporter au moins un galet elliptique entraîné en rotation par un moteur électrique, le galet poussant radialement et simultanément les deux mâchoires de chaque paire, des moyens élastiques reliant les mâchoires de chaque paire contre l'action du galet de façon à rappeler les mâchoires en position débloquée.According to a variant embodiment, the expansion means may comprise at least one elliptical roller driven in rotation by an electric motor, the roller pushing radially and simultaneously the two jaws of each pair, elastic means connecting the jaws of each pair against the action of the roller so as to bring the jaws back into the unlocked position.

Selon une variante, le dispositif pourra comporter un moyen de détection de l'arrivée du dispositif à la bouche de l'arme et qui interrompt automatiquement la progression du dispositif.According to a variant, the device may include means for detecting the arrival of the device at the muzzle of the weapon and which automatically interrupts the progress of the device.

Le moyen de détection pourra comporter un capteur optique.The detection means may comprise an optical sensor.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé d'extraction d'un projectile de gros calibre coincé dans un tube d'une arme, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un dispositif d'extraction selon une des caractéristiques précédentes et en mettant en oeuvre les étapes suivantes :

  • insérer le dispositif d'extraction dans la bouche du tube ;
  • commander la mise en position bloquée d'au moins un moyen de blocage ;
  • orienter le tube au site maximum ;
  • commander la mise en position débloquée de tous les moyens de blocage de façon à libérer le dispositif qui tombe par gravité sur le projectile.
The invention also relates to a method for extracting a large caliber projectile stuck in a barrel of a weapon, method characterized in that an extraction device according to one of the preceding characteristics is used and by putting perform the following steps:
  • insert the extraction device into the mouth of the tube;
  • controlling the locking position of at least one locking means;
  • orient the tube at the maximum site;
  • control the unlocked position of all the locking means so as to release the device which falls by gravity on the projectile.

Selon un mode particulier de mise en oeuvre, le procédé pourra comporter les étapes suivantes :

  • après impact sur le projectile, commander la translation axiale d'un premier moyen de blocage par rapport à un second moyen de blocage ;
  • commander la mise en position bloquée du premier moyen de blocage ;
  • commander la translation du second moyen de blocage solidaire du corps du dispositif pour le rapprocher du premier moyen de blocage ;
  • commander la mise en position bloquée du second moyen de blocage ;
  • réitérer les opérations d'écartement puis blocage et de rapprochement puis blocage des moyens de blocage jusqu'à ce que le dispositif atteigne la bouche du tube ;
  • commander la mise en position débloquée de tous les moyens de blocage de façon à libérer le dispositif qui tombe par gravité sur le projectile.
According to a particular mode of implementation, the method may comprise the following steps:
  • after impact on the projectile, controlling the axial translation of a first blocking means relative to a second blocking means;
  • controlling the placing in the blocked position of the first blocking means;
  • control the translation of the second blocking means secured to the body of the device to bring it closer to the first blocking means;
  • controlling the placing in the locked position of the second locking means;
  • repeat the operations of separating then blocking and of bringing together then blocking the blocking means until the device reaches the mouth of the tube;
  • control the unlocked position of all the locking means so as to release the device which falls by gravity on the projectile.

Selon une variante, on pourra réaliser les étapes suivantes après impact sur le projectile :

  • rapprocher les deux moyens de blocage préalablement placés en position débloquée ;
  • commander la mise en position bloquée du premier moyen de blocage ;
  • commander la translation du second moyen de blocage solidaire du corps du dispositif pour l'éloigner du premier moyen de blocage de manière à exercer un appui sur le projectile.
According to a variant, the following steps can be carried out after impact on the projectile:
  • bring together the two locking means previously placed in the unlocked position;
  • controlling the placing in the blocked position of the first blocking means;
  • control the translation of the second blocking means secured to the body of the device to move it away from the first blocking means so as to exert pressure on the projectile.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, description faite en regard des dessins en annexe, dessins dans lesquels :

  • [Fig. 1] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une première phase d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 2] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une seconde phase d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 3] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une troisième phase d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 4] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une quatrième phase d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 5] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une cinquième phase d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 6] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une sixième phase d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 7] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention.
  • [Fig. 8a] représente une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un dispositif dans un tube d'arme selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, dispositif à l'état bloqué.
  • [Fig. 8b] représente une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un dispositif dans un tube d'arme selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, dispositif à l'état débloqué.
  • [Fig. 9a] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une première étape d'une variante d'utilisation.
  • [Fig. 9b] représente une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans un tube d'arme lors d'une seconde étape d'une variante d'utilisation.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, description given with regard to the appended drawings, drawings in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a first phase of use.
  • [ Fig. 2 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a second phase of use.
  • [ Fig. 3 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a third phase of use.
  • [ Fig. 4 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a fourth phase of use.
  • [ Fig. 5 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a fifth phase of use.
  • [ Fig. 6 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a sixth phase of use.
  • [ Fig. 7 ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention.
  • [ Fig. 8a ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a device in a weapon barrel according to a second embodiment of the invention, device in the blocked state.
  • [ Fig. 8b ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a device in a weapon barrel according to a second embodiment of the invention, device in the unlocked state.
  • [ Fig. 9a ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a first stage of a variant of use.
  • [ Fig. 9b ] shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention in a weapon barrel during a second stage of a variant of use.

Selon la figure 1, un dispositif d'extraction 1 selon l'invention est introduit au niveau de la bouche 101 d'un tube d'arme 100 (ici une pièce d'artillerie), préalablement orienté à site nul, dans lequel un projectile 200 est coincé au niveau du cône de forcement.According to figure 1 , an extraction device 1 according to the invention is introduced at the level of the mouth 101 of a weapon tube 100 (here an artillery piece), previously oriented at zero elevation, in which a projectile 200 is stuck at the level of the forcing cone.

Le dispositif 1 comporte un corps massif 2, dont la masse totale est comprise entre 20 et 100 kilogrammes, et qui comporte une masse heurtoir 3 (par exemple en acier) au niveau de sa face orientée vers le projectile 200 à décoincer. Le corps 2 est d'un diamètre inférieur à celui du tube 100 afin de pouvoir glisser dans le tube 100. Afin de pouvoir mieux glisser, le corps pourra être équipé de patins 2a limitant la friction entre le corps 2 et le tube 100.The device 1 comprises a solid body 2, the total mass of which is between 20 and 100 kilograms, and which comprises a knocker mass 3 (for example made of steel) at the level of its face facing the projectile 200 to be unjammed. The body 2 is of a smaller diameter than that of the tube 100 in order to be able to slide in the tube 100. In order to be able to slide better, the body may be equipped with pads 2a limiting the friction between the body 2 and the tube 100.

Le dispositif 1 comporte au moins deux moyens de blocage 4 et 5 expansibles radialement, chacun apte à évoluer entre une position bloquée dans laquelle il est appliqué radialement contre la paroi interne du tube 100 et une position débloquée dans laquelle il n'est pas appliqué contre le tube 100. Le passage des moyens de blocage 4 et 5 de l'une des positions à l'autre des positions est assuré par un moyen d'expansion 6.The device 1 comprises at least two radially expandable locking means 4 and 5, each capable of moving between a locked position in which it is applied radially against the internal wall of the tube 100 and an unlocked position in which it is not applied against the tube 100. The passage of the blocking means 4 and 5 from one of the positions to the other of the positions is ensured by an expansion means 6.

Différents modes de réalisation de moyens de blocage expansibles radialement sont possibles. On pourra par exemple, pour chaque moyen de blocage 4 et 5, prévoir au moins deux mâchoires ou secteurs diamétralement opposés et qui sont déplacés radialement pour venir s'appliquer ou non contre la paroi du tube.Different embodiments of radially expandable blocking means are possible. It is possible, for example, for each blocking means 4 and 5, to provide at least two diametrically opposed jaws or sectors which are moved radially so as to be applied or not against the wall of the tube.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation schématisé aux figures 2 à 7, chaque moyen de blocage 4 et 5 comporte ici une chambre torique 4a et 5a en matière plastique élastique ou en élastomère. Le moyen d'expansion 6 comporte alors un compresseur pneumatique 6 qui est couplé à chacune des chambres 4a ou 5a par l'intermédiaire de distributeurs pneumatiques 33 commandables (figure 7) de manière à gonfler l'une ou l'autre des chambres pour qu'elle s'expanse et vienne se coincer radialement contre la paroi du tube 100 pour adopter une position bloquée. Les distributeurs 33 pourront être ensuite commandés de façon à dégonfler la ou les chambres considérées afin qu'elle n'adhère(nt) plus au tube 100. La chambre dégonflée occupe alors une position débloquée. Les chambres 4a et 5a seront mieux vus aux figures suivantes.According to a particular embodiment schematized in figures 2 to 7 , each blocking means 4 and 5 here comprises a toroidal chamber 4a and 5a made of elastic plastic material or elastomer. The expansion means 6 then comprises a pneumatic compressor 6 which is coupled to each of the chambers 4a or 5a via controllable pneumatic distributors 33 ( figure 7 ) so as to inflate one or the other of the chambers so that it expands and becomes wedged radially against the wall of the tube 100 to adopt a blocked position. The distributors 33 can then be controlled so as to deflate the chamber or chambers considered so that it no longer adheres to the tube 100. The deflated chamber then occupies an unlocked position. Chambers 4a and 5a will be better seen in the following figures.

Selon la figure 7, le corps 2 du dispositif renferme donc un compresseur pneumatique 6 qui est relié à chaque moyen de blocage 4 et 5 par des canalisations portant des distributeurs pneumatiques 33 commandables. Il renferme aussi un moyen de translation 8 qui comportera par exemple un vérin linéaire pneumatique 8 dont le sens de mouvement de la tige est commandé par un des distributeurs 33 (on pourrait alternativement prévoir un vérin à vis). Le moyen de translation 8 permet de rapprocher ou écarter axialement les moyens de blocage 4 et 5 l'un de l'autre. Un boîtier de commande électronique 31 permet de piloter le séquencement des opérations de gonflage ou dégonflage des chambres toriques 4a et 5a de chaque moyen de blocage 4 ou 5 et le mouvement du moyen de translation 8. Ce boîtier de commande 31 (ou le corps 2) pourra comporter un calculateur 32 ou un automate programmable incorporant la ou les séquences de commande qui seront décrites par la suite.According to figure 7 , the body 2 of the device therefore contains a pneumatic compressor 6 which is connected to each blocking means 4 and 5 by pipes carrying pneumatic distributors 33 that can be controlled. It also contains a means of translation 8 which will comprise for example a pneumatic linear cylinder 8 whose direction of movement of the rod is controlled by one of the distributors 33 (one could alternatively provide a screw jack). The translation means 8 makes it possible to bring the blocking means 4 and 5 axially closer together or further apart. An electronic control box 31 makes it possible to control the sequencing of the inflation or deflation operations of the toric chambers 4a and 5a of each blocking means 4 or 5 and the movement of the translation means 8. This control box 31 (or the body 2 ) may include a computer 32 or a programmable automaton incorporating the control sequence(s) which will be described later.

Ainsi, à la figure 2, le premier moyen de blocage 4 et le second moyen de blocage 5 sont en position bloquée tous les deux pour assurer une immobilité parfaite du dispositif 1 par rapport au tube 100. Le dispositif 1 a été introduit au préalable dans le tube 100, positionné à l'horizontale. Pour l'introduction, les moyens de blocage 4 et 5 sont bien entendu en position débloquée. Ce n'est qu'une fois le dispositif mis en place que les moyens de blocage sont mis en position bloquée par le moyen d'expansion 6, avant modification de l'angle de site du tube.Thus, at the figure 2 , the first blocking means 4 and the second blocking means 5 are both in the blocked position to ensure perfect immobility of the device 1 relative to the tube 100. The device 1 has been introduced beforehand into the tube 100, positioned at the horizontal. For the introduction, the locking means 4 and 5 are of course in the unlocked position. It is only once the device has been put in place that the blocking means are put into the blocked position by the expansion means 6, before modifying the elevation angle of the tube.

L'alimentation en énergie du dispositif 1 pourra se faire soit depuis une source externe grâce à un cordon d'alimentation non représenté ou bien depuis des batteries embarquées dans le dispositif 1 (batteries non représentées).The energy supply to device 1 can be done either from an external source by means of a power cord, not shown, or else from batteries embedded in device 1 (batteries not shown).

Selon la figure 2, le tube 100 a été orienté à son site maximum, plaçant le dispositif 1 en position quasiment verticale.According to picture 2 , the tube 100 has been oriented at its maximum site, placing the device 1 in an almost vertical position.

A la figure 3 on constate que les moyens de blocage 4 et 5 ont été mis en position débloquée, provoquant par gravité la chute du dispositif 1 dans le tube 100. Au terme de sa chute représenté à la figure 3, le dispositif 1 a heurté le projectile 200 au voisinage de son ogive en évitant de heurter la fusée 203 grâce à un dégagement 3a aménagé au niveau du heurtoir 3. L'énergie cinétique libérée par le choc du dispositif 1 sur le projectile 200 doit décoincer celui-ci du tube 100. Si le projectile 200 n'est pas débloqué, il convient de remonter le dispositif 1 le plus haut possible dans le tube 100 pour réitérer la chute du dispositif 1 et provoquer un nouveau choc sur le projectile 200 pour le débloquer.To the picture 3 it can be seen that the locking means 4 and 5 have been placed in the unlocked position, causing the device 1 to fall by gravity into the tube 100. At the end of its fall shown in picture 3 , the device 1 struck the projectile 200 in the vicinity of its warhead while avoiding hitting the fuze 203 thanks to a clearance 3a arranged at the level of the knocker 3. The kinetic energy released by the impact of the device 1 on the projectile 200 must unjam the latter from the tube 100. If the projectile 200 is not released, it is necessary to raise the device 1 as high as possible in the tube 100 to reiterate the fall of the device 1 and cause a new shock on the projectile 200 for the unlock.

Conformément à l'invention et comme représenté à la figure 4, pour effectuer l'ascension du dispositif 1 dans le tube 100, on positionne tout d'abord le second moyen de blocage 5 en position bloquée (ici par gonflage de la chambre 5a). Ensuite le premier moyen de blocage 4, qui est en position débloquée, est translaté d'une course X selon un axe parallèle au tube 100 en direction de la bouche du tube 100 grâce au moyen de translation 8 qui pourra comporter le vérin linéaire pneumatique ou à vis. Ce premier mouvement de translation tend à éloigner le premier moyen de blocage 4 du second moyen de blocage 5 et également du corps 2 du dispositif (qui est fixe axialement par rapport au second moyen de blocage).In accordance with the invention and as shown in figure 4 , to effect the ascent of the device 1 in the tube 100, the second blocking means 5 is first positioned in the blocked position (here by inflation of the chamber 5a). Then the first locking means 4, which is in the unlocked position, is translated by a stroke X along an axis parallel to the tube 100 in the direction of the mouth of the tube 100 thanks to the translation means 8 which may include the pneumatic linear cylinder or notice. This first translational movement tends to move the first blocking means 4 away from the second blocking means 5 and also from the body 2 of the device (which is fixed axially with respect to the second blocking means).

Au terme de la course X du premier moyen de blocage 4, celui-ci est mis en position bloquée comme représenté à la figure 5, ici par gonflage de la chambre 4a.At the end of travel X of the first blocking means 4, the latter is placed in the blocked position as shown in figure 5 , here by inflation of the chamber 4a.

Ensuite, comme représenté à la figure 6, le second moyen de blocage 5 est mis en position débloquée. Le moyen de translation 8 est alors actionné en sens inverse de façon à rapprocher les moyens de blocage 4 et 5 l'un de l'autre. Ce mouvement a pour effet de faire remonter le corps 2 du dispositif 1 dans le tube 100 et plus globalement de faire remonter tout le dispositif 1 d'une distance X vers le haut du tube 100.Then, as shown in figure 6 , the second locking means 5 is placed in the unlocked position. The translation means 8 is then actuated in the opposite direction so as to bring the blocking means 4 and 5 closer to each other. This movement has the effect of raising the body 2 of the device 1 in the tube 100 and more generally of raising the entire device 1 by a distance X towards the top of the tube 100.

Au terme de la course X du corps de dispositif 2 vers le premier moyen de blocage 4, le second moyen de blocage 5 est mis en position bloquée, assurant l'immobilisation du dispositif 1 par rapport au tube 100, et plaçant le dispositif dans une configuration identique à celle de la figure 2. Il est alors possible de réitérer l'opération de déplacement puis blocage du premier moyen de blocage 4 par rapport au deuxième moyen de blocage 5 comme précédemment décrit.At the end of the travel X of the device body 2 towards the first locking means 4, the second locking means 5 is placed in the locked position, ensuring the immobilization of the device 1 with respect to the tube 100, and placing the device in a configuration identical to that of the figure 2 . It is then possible to repeat the operation of moving then blocking the first blocking means 4 with respect to the second blocking means 5 as previously described.

En réitérant ces opérations de déplacement et blocage, on obtient un mouvement pas à pas de course X à chaque pas qui permet au dispositif 1 d'atteindre le haut du tube 100 sans qu'un opérateur n'ait à s'approcher de la pièce d'artillerie.By repeating these displacement and blocking operations, a step-by-step movement X is obtained at each step which allows the device 1 to reach the top of the tube 100 without an operator having to approach the part. of artillery.

Le mouvement de remontée du dispositif 1 est interrompu lorsque le dispositif 1 est arrivé à la bouche de l'arme. Cette interruption pourra soit être commandée par un opérateur à distance, soit intervenir automatiquement.The upward movement of device 1 is interrupted when device 1 has reached the muzzle of the weapon. This interruption can either be controlled by a remote operator, or intervene automatically.

La détection de l'atteinte de la bouche 101 du tube 100 pourra se faire par exemple au moyen d'un capteur évaluant la distance parcourue par le dispositif 1 dans le tube (en comptant par exemple le nombre de cycles de course X).The detection of the reaching of the mouth 101 of the tube 100 could be done for example by means of a sensor evaluating the distance traveled by the device 1 in the tube (by counting for example the number of running cycles X).

On pourra également prévoir un détecteur solidaire d'une face supérieure du moyen de blocage 4 et permettant une détection optique de la lumière dans son champ d'observation radial (indication que le détecteur est sorti du tube).It is also possible to provide a detector integral with an upper face of the blocking means 4 and allowing a optical detection of light in its radial field of view (indication that the detector has come out of the tube).

Une fois le dispositif revenu au niveau de la bouche 101 du tube de l'arme, on pourra réaliser un nouveau largage par la commande d'un opérateur, ou bien on pourra retirer le dispositif si l'on renonce à le faire tomber sur le projectile une nouvelle fois. Le retrait du dispositif pourra se faire également par la culasse une fois le projectile débloqué.Once the device has returned to the level of the mouth 101 of the barrel of the weapon, a new release can be carried out by the command of an operator, or else the device can be removed if it is decided not to drop it on the projectile again. The removal of the device can also be done through the breech once the projectile has been unlocked.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 8a et 8b, chaque moyen de blocage 4 et 5 comporte non plus des chambres toriques 4a et 5a mais au moins une paire de mâchoires 4b (ou 5b), diamétralement opposées et qui ont chacune un profil de secteur externe qui correspond avec la surface interne du tube 100. Chaque moyen de blocage 4 et 5 comporte au moins un galet elliptique 20 qui, lorsqu'il pivote, pousse radialement et simultanément les deux mâchoires 4b (ou 5b) qui lui sont associées contre l'intérieur du tube 100 de manière à bloquer le moyen de blocage 4 ou 5 dans le tube 100 comme visible à la figure 8a.According to another embodiment shown in figure 8a And 8b , each locking means 4 and 5 no longer comprises toroidal chambers 4a and 5a but at least one pair of jaws 4b (or 5b), diametrically opposed and which each have an external sector profile which corresponds with the internal surface of the tube 100 Each blocking means 4 and 5 comprises at least one elliptical roller 20 which, when it pivots, pushes the two jaws 4b (or 5b) associated with it radially and simultaneously against the inside of the tube 100 so as to block the blocking means 4 or 5 in the tube 100 as seen in figure 8a .

Des moyens élastiques 19 (ici une paire de ressorts reliant les extrémités des mâchoires) relient les mâchoires de chaque paire et agissent contre l'action de la poussée du ou des galets 20. Ils permettent de rappeler en position débloquée les paires de mâchoires 4b ou 5b. Le matériau des mâchoires 4b et 5b sera choisi de manière à ce qu'il offre un coefficient de frottement le plus élevé possible par rapport à la nature au matériau de l'intérieur du tube 100. Le pivotement de chaque galet elliptique 20 est assuré par un moteur électrique 21.Elastic means 19 (here a pair of springs connecting the ends of the jaws) connect the jaws of each pair and act against the action of the thrust of the roller(s) 20. They allow the pairs of jaws 4b or 5b. The material of the jaws 4b and 5b will be chosen so that it offers the highest possible coefficient of friction with respect to the nature of the material inside the tube 100. The pivoting of each elliptical roller 20 is ensured by an electric motor 21.

Le fonctionnement de ce mode de réalisation est analogue à celui décrit précédemment en référence aux figures 1 à 6. Les paires de mâchoires 4b et 5b remplacent les chambres toriques 4a et 5a pour former les moyens de blocage 4 et 5 expansibles radialement.The operation of this embodiment is analogous to that described above with reference to the figures 1 to 6 . Pairs of jaws 4b and 5b replace the chambers rings 4a and 5a to form the radially expandable blocking means 4 and 5.

Selon une variante du mode opératoire qui est représenté aux figures 9a et 9b, lorsque le dispositif 1 a heurté le projectile 200 et si le décoincement n'a pas pu être obtenu, on pourra vérifier que les deux moyens de blocage 4 et 5 sont au plus proche l'un de l'autre puis on commandera le blocage du premier moyen de blocage 4.According to a variant of the procedure which is represented in figures 9a and 9b , when the device 1 has struck the projectile 200 and if the unjamming could not be obtained, it will be possible to check that the two blocking means 4 and 5 are as close as possible to each other then the blocking will be ordered of the first blocking means 4.

Ensuite, au lieu de faire remonter le dispositif pour réaliser une nouvelle chute, on commande l'écartement des deux moyens de blocage 4 et 5 l'un de l'autre.Then, instead of causing the device to rise again to produce a new fall, the separation of the two blocking means 4 and 5 from one another is controlled.

Ceci entraine une poussée du corps 2 du dispositif 1 sur le projectile 200 ce qui peut suffire dans certains cas à le débloquer.This leads to a thrust of the body 2 of the device 1 on the projectile 200 which may be enough in some cases to unblock it.

En cas d'echec du déblocage par poussée, on pourra commander la remontée du dispositif 1 vers la bouche du tube pour commander un nouveau largage et chute par gravité du dispositif sur le projectile.In the event of failure of the unlocking by pushing, it will be possible to control the raising of the device 1 towards the mouth of the tube to control a new release and fall by gravity of the device on the projectile.

L'invention permet donc un retrait en toute sécurité d'un projectile coincé dans un tube puisque toutes les opérations de décoincement et la répétition de ces opérations peuvent être commandées à distance de l'arme (ici la pièce d'artillerie).The invention therefore allows safe withdrawal of a projectile stuck in a tube since all the unjamming operations and the repetition of these operations can be controlled remotely from the weapon (here the artillery piece).

Claims (9)

  1. - A device (1) for extracting a large-caliber projectile (200) jammed in a barrel (100) of a weapon, the device comprising a solid body (2) of a diameter smaller than the caliber of the barrel (100) and intended to be introduced into the barrel (100) at a muzzle (101) of the latter and then to be released in the barrel (100) in order to impact by inertia the jammed projectile (200), the device being characterised in that it comprises at least two radially expandable locking means (4, 5), each able to move between a locked position in which it is applied radially against an inner wall of the barrel and a released position in which it is not applied against the barrel (100), the passage of the locking means (4, 5) from one position to the other being provided by an expansion means (6, 20), the device comprising a translation means (8) enabling a first locking means (4) to be translated axially with respect to a second locking means (5).
  2. - The extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that each locking means (4,5) comprises a toroidal chamber (4a,5a) made of elastic plastic material, the expansion means (6) comprising a pneumatic compressor (6) coupled to the chambers (4a, 5a) by means of pneumatic valves (33) that can be controlled so as to inflate one and/or the other of the chambers (4a, 5a) so that it wedges/they wedge radially in the barrel (100) in the locked position, the deflation of one and/or the other chamber (4a, 5a) putting it in the released position.
  3. - The extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that each locking means (4, 5) comprises at least one pair of jaws (4b, 5b) intended to cooperate with the inner wall of the barrel (100), wherein the jaws (4b, 5b) can be applied against the inside of the barrel (100) by the expansion means (20).
  4. - The extraction device (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that the expansion means comprises at least one elliptical roller (20) driven in rotation by an electric motor (21), the roller pushing radially and simultaneously the two jaws (4b, 5b) of each pair, wherein elastic means (19) connect the two jaws (4b, 5b) of each pair against the action of the roller (20) so as to bias the two jaws towards the released position.
  5. - The extraction device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it comprises a means for detecting the arrival of the device (1) at the muzzle of the weapon and which automatically interrupts the advance of the device.
  6. - The extraction device (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the detection means comprises an optical sensor.
  7. - A method for extracting a large-caliber projectile (200) jammed in a barrel (100) of a weapon, characterised in that an extraction device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 is used and by implementing the following steps :
    - inserting the extraction device (1) into the muzzle (101) of the barrel (100);
    - controlling at least one locking means (4,5) so as to put it in the locked position;
    - orienting the barrel (100) at a maximum elevation;
    - controlling all the locking means (4, 5) so as to put them in the released position, thereby freeing the device (1) which falls by gravity onto the projectile (200) .
  8. - The method for extracting a projectile (200) according to claim 7, characterised by the following steps:
    - after impact on the projectile (200), controlling a first locking means (4) so that it translates axially relative to a second locking means (5);
    - controlling the first locking means (4) so as to put it in the locked position;
    - controlling the second locking means (5) secured to the body (2) of the device (1) so that it translates and is brought closer to the first locking means (4);
    - controlling the second locking means (5) so as to put it in the locked position;
    - reiterating the operations of moving apart and then locking and of bringing together and then locking the locking means (4, 5) until the device (1) reaches the muzzle (101) of the barrel (100);
    - controlling all the locking means (4, 5) so as to put them in the released position, thereby freeing the device (1) which falls by gravity onto the projectile (200) .
  9. - The method for extracting a projectile (200) according to one of claims 7 to 8, characterised by the following steps after impact on the projectile:
    - bringing together the two locking means (4,5) previously placed in the released position;
    - controlling the first locking means (4) so as to put it in the locked position;
    - controlling the second locking means (5) secured to the body of the device (1) so that it translates and moves away from the first locking means (4) so as to exert a pressure on the projectile.
EP21177823.8A 2020-07-23 2021-06-04 Device for extracting a high-calibre projectile jammed in a weapon barrel Active EP3943870B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2007567A FR3112848B1 (en) 2020-07-23 2020-07-23 DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING A LARGE CALIBER PROJECTILE FROM A WEAPON TUBE

Publications (2)

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EP3943870A1 EP3943870A1 (en) 2022-01-26
EP3943870B1 true EP3943870B1 (en) 2023-03-22

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EP21177823.8A Active EP3943870B1 (en) 2020-07-23 2021-06-04 Device for extracting a high-calibre projectile jammed in a weapon barrel

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US (1) US11536529B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3943870B1 (en)
DK (1) DK3943870T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2947186T3 (en)
FI (1) FI3943870T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3112848B1 (en)
IL (1) IL284616A (en)
PL (1) PL3943870T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3731587A (en) * 1970-12-08 1973-05-08 Us Army Projectile extraction apparatus
US5430966A (en) * 1994-05-17 1995-07-11 Hippensteel; Thomas O. Shotgun shell de-jamming device
FR2975178B1 (en) 2011-05-11 2013-04-26 Nexter Systems DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING A LARGE SIZE PROJECTILE AND EXTRACTION METHOD USING SUCH A DEVICE
US10337814B1 (en) * 2016-08-15 2019-07-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dearmer positioning system

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ES2947186T3 (en) 2023-08-02
US20220057157A1 (en) 2022-02-24
EP3943870A1 (en) 2022-01-26
FR3112848B1 (en) 2022-07-01
PL3943870T3 (en) 2023-05-29
FI3943870T3 (en) 2023-06-06
US11536529B2 (en) 2022-12-27
DK3943870T3 (en) 2023-06-12
FR3112848A1 (en) 2022-01-28
IL284616A (en) 2022-02-01

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