EP3943438A1 - Mobile crane with separable a frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile crane (1), in particular a crawler crane, comprising an undercarriage (2) with running gear, an upper carriage (3) mounted on the undercarriage so that it can rotate about a vertical axis, and a boom pivoted on the upper carriage about a horizontal axis (A2). (12), an A-frame (10) pivoted on the upper carriage so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis and connected to the boom via guying means (12), and a luffing mechanism by means of which the A-frame can be pivoted. According to the invention, the A frame can be divided and comprises a bar (14) articulated on the superstructure and a folding bar (16) detachably connected to the bar.

Description

The present invention relates to a mobile crane, in particular a crawler crane, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a divisible A-frame for such a crane.

In many mobile cranes, especially crawler cranes, it is known to brace the main boom via a guy stand or A-frame pivotably articulated on the superstructure and to pivot the unit of boom and A-frame by means of a luffing gear.

the figure 1 shows a side view of a crawler crane 1 known from the prior art with an undercarriage 2 with crawler undercarriage, an uppercarriage 3 mounted thereon so that it can rotate about a vertical axis, with a driver's cab 4 arranged in the front area, an uppercarriage ballast 5 arranged in the rear area, and an uppercarriage ballast 5 arranged in the rear area Axle pivotally mounted main boom 6. A load handling device or load hook 7 is connected via a hoisting cable 8 to a hoisting cable winch 9 mounted on the superstructure 3. An A-frame 10 connected to the main boom 6 via retaining rods 12 is articulated on the superstructure 3 such that it can be pivoted about a horizontal axis.

Typically, the luffing mechanism comprises a luffing winch 20 arranged on the upper carriage 3 with a luffing rope 21 which is guided over a roller or roller set 24 arranged at the end of the A-frame 10 and a roller or roller set 22 arranged on the upper carriage 3 . By pulling in/out of the pulling-in rope 21 by means of the pulling-in winch 20, the distance between the rollers or roller sets 22, 24 can be reduced/increased and the A-frame 10 and boom 6 can be pivoted as a result.

The main boom 6 forms, together with the A-frame 10 and the retaining rods 12, an adjustment unit which is actuated by the luffing winch cable drive. By actuating the hoisting winch 9, the free length of the hoisting rope 8 can be changed and thereby lifting loads attached to the load hook 7 can be raised or lowered. In some cranes, in addition to the main boom 6 , there is a derrick boom pivotably linked to the superstructure 3 , the A-frame 10 in this case not being connected to the main boom 6 but to the derrick boom via the retaining rods 12 .

Usually, the basic machine consisting of an undercarriage and an uppercarriage is transported to the site of use together with the A-frame and set up on site without the crawler carrier and uppercarriage ballast. The dead weight of the A-frame contributes significantly to the total weight of the transported unit, which can be problematic with regard to regulations on the maximum permissible transport weight for (road) transport - especially in countries with strict regulations in this regard. A dismantling of the entire unit of A-frame and luffing gear is disadvantageous since the attachment and disassembly is comparatively complicated and time-consuming and there is a risk of damage to sensitive components of the luffing gear during attachment and dismantling or during transport.

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide a mobile crane with an A-frame, which has a transportable unit of the basic device with reduced weight and low assembly costs.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a crane having the features of claim 1. According to this, a mobile crane, in particular a crawler crane, is proposed, which has an undercarriage with running gear, an uppercarriage mounted on the undercarriage so that it can rotate about a vertical axis, a boom articulated on the uppercarriage so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis, a boom articulated on the uppercarriage so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis, and comprises an A-frame connected to the boom via a guying means and a luffing mechanism, wherein the A-frame can be pivoted by means of the luffing mechanism. According to the invention, the A-frame is divisible, i.e. designed so that it can be dismantled for transport, and comprises a spar that is pivotably articulated on the superstructure and a folding spar that is detachably connected to the spar.

Because the A-frame can be disassembled into a spar and a folding spar according to the invention, it is possible to dismantle only part of the A-frame, in particular the spar, for transport and the other part, in particular the folding spar, together with the to leave the luffing gear on the superstructure. It is thus possible to convert the basic device, which is usually dismantled for transport, into an even smaller and lighter transport unit without having to dismantle the luffing gear as well, which simplifies and speeds up the assembly process. In addition, the sensitive and expensive components of the luffing gear are protected against handling and transport damage.

The part of the A-frame that can be removed for transport can be dismantled quickly and easily, is compact and therefore requires little transport volume. The reduced transport weight of the dismantled basic device results in significant transport advantages in terms of costs and official approvals, especially in countries with strict requirements with regard to the maximum transport weight.

The term "folding beam" is to be interpreted broadly and in particular does not necessarily require that this part be designed to be foldable. It can be any Act as part of the A-frame, which can remain on the superstructure, especially after the spar has been removed. Boom and A-frame can be pivotable about the same or different axes. The boom can be the main boom or a derrick boom.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description.

In one embodiment it is provided that the folding beam can be dismantled from the beam and releasably mounted on the superstructure. For transport, the spar is thus dismantled and transported separately, while the folding spar is reversibly attached to the superstructure and transported together with it.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the components of the luffing gear attached to the A-frame are arranged on the folding beam. This makes it possible to leave the part of the A frame connected to the luffing gear on the superstructure for transport and to dismantle the rest of the A frame, namely the spar, and transport it separately. This results in quick and easy disassembly and assembly of the A-frame. The components of the luffing gear do not have to be removed from the structures that support them.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the luffing mechanism comprises a luffing winch arranged on the upper carriage, a first set of rollers arranged on the upper carriage and a second set of rollers arranged on the folding beam. The pull-in rope can be guided around the sheave packs by multiple winding. In particular, the second set of rollers is arranged at the outer end of the A-frame. As a result, the folding spar can be made small and only include the framework of the A frame that surrounds and supports the second set of rollers, so that the majority of the A frame can be dismantled in the form of the spar and the weight of the remaining transport unit can be significantly reduced.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the folding beam forms the end of the A-frame spaced apart from the articulation axis and preferably has connecting means for fastening the guying means. The connecting means are located in particular on the side (top) of the A frame facing the boom. These can be bolting points for attaching restraint bars.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the beam can be dismantled from the superstructure and from the folding beam and transported separately, with the luffing mechanism remaining on the superstructure. To do this, the connection between the spar and folding spar and the connection of the spar on the superstructure is released.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the folding beam and the superstructure each have fastening means, by means of which the folding beam can be detachably mounted on the superstructure, the fastening means of the superstructure preferably being located in its rear area and the fastening means of the folding beam preferably being located on the side facing away from the boom (underside ) of the A frame are arranged. These can be bolting points for making detachable bolted connections. In this advantageous arrangement, in order to bring the fastening means together, the folding beam merely has to be pivoted downwards or folded away about a horizontal axis, and the joined fastening means then have to be connected. Then the remaining connection with the spar can be released and this can be removed from the superstructure. The pivoting of the folding beam can be done with the help of an auxiliary crane.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the folding spar is connected to the spar so as to be pivotable about an in particular horizontal axis (pivoting axis) and can be locked with it, with this axis and the lock preferably being detachable bolted connections. The locking can take place along an axis parallel to the pivot axis (locking axis). For this purpose, the spar and folding spar can each have connecting means, preferably bolting points, exhibit. By releasing the connection at the locking axis, the folding bar can be pivoted about the pivot axis relative to the bar.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the fastening means of the folding beam and superstructure can be brought together by pivoting the folding beam about the axis (pivoting axis). After the connection of the fastening means has been established, the connection between the spar and the folding spar can be released along the pivot axis. The pivoting of the folding beam can be done with the help of an auxiliary crane.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the spar is longer than the folding spar. This means that most of the A-frame can be dismantled for transport and the weight of the transport unit can be significantly reduced. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the spar and the folding spar have essentially the same width. However, the A-frame can also have a basic shape that converges towards the end. In this case, the spar and the folding spar have essentially the same width, at least at the connection points.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the A-frame has a frame-like structure with two, in particular, parallel longitudinal members and at least one cross member connecting the longitudinal members, with at least one cross member preferably being arranged on the folding beam. As an alternative to the folding beam, the longitudinal beams can run towards one another.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the bracing means comprises one or more rigid bracing rods which are each pivotably fastened to the boom and the A-frame.

The present invention also relates to a divisible A-frame for a mobile crane according to the invention. This obviously results in the same advantages and properties as for the crane according to the invention, which is why a repeated description is dispensed with at this point.

Figur 1:

einen gattungsgemäßen Raupenkran mit A-Bock in einer Seitenansicht;

Figur 2:

den Oberwagen eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Krans mit umgeklapptem Klappholm in einer schematischen Seitenansicht; und

Figur 3:

den Oberwagen gemäß Figur 2 nach Abbau des Holms.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the exemplary embodiments explained below with reference to the figures. Show it:

Figure 1:

a generic crawler crane with A-frame in a side view;

Figure 2:

the superstructure of an embodiment of the crane according to the invention with folded folding beam in a schematic side view; and

Figure 3:

according to the superstructure figure 2 after dismantling the spar.

the figure 1 shows a generic crawler crane 1 with A-frame 10 in a side view and has already been described in detail at the outset. Repeated explanations are therefore dispensed with. The mobile crane according to the invention can be such a crawler crane 1, with the A frame 10 being divisible in comparison to devices of the generic type.

the figure 2 shows a side view of a detail of the superstructure 3 according to a preferred embodiment of the crane 1 according to the invention, which is a crawler crane 1 according to figure 1 acts. According to the invention, the A-frame 10 is designed to be divisible or dismountable and comprises a spar 14 pivoted to the superstructure 3 about a horizontal axis A2 and a folding spar 16 detachably fastened thereto, which forms the end of the A-frame 10 spaced apart from the axis A2 . The boom 6, which is the main boom of the crane 1 in the present exemplary embodiment, can be pivoted about a horizontal axis A1 spaced apart from the axis A2.

The A-frame 10 can be adjusted or pivoted by actuating a luffing mechanism, the luffing mechanism comprising a luffing winch 20 arranged on the upper carriage 3 and a first roller set arranged at the rear end of the upper carriage 3 22 and a second set of rollers 24 attached to the folding bar 16 . Around the roll sets 22, 24, a pull-in rope 21 that is mounted on the pull-in winch 20 so that it can be wound up and unwound is guided or wound several times. By winding up the pull-in cable 21, the distance between the sets of rollers 22, 24 can be reduced and the A-frame 10 can be pivoted backwards/down as a result. During unwinding, the reverse movement takes place mediated by the weight of the boom 6 coupled to the A-frame 10 in working operation via the retaining rods 12 .

The A-frame 10 or spar 14 and folding spar 16 can comprise two outer longitudinal members, with the second set of rollers 24 being mounted between the outer longitudinal members of the folding spar 16 . Beam 14 and folding beam 16 each have connecting means 26, 27, by which they are detachably connected or connectable to one another. The connecting means 26, 27 are designed here as bolting points via which two parallel bolted connections can be produced.

To remove the spar 14 from the superstructure 3 for the purpose of transport, the A-frame 10 is pivoted downwards so that it is essentially in contact with the superstructure 3 (cf. figure 2 ). By loosening the upper of the two bolts (locking axis) between the spar 14 and the folding spar 16, the latter can be pivoted or folded down towards the superstructure 3 about the lower bolt connection, which forms a horizontal pivot axis A3. The folding bar 16 can be pivoted about the axis A3 by means of an auxiliary crane. The second set of rollers 24 moves slightly relative to the first set of rollers 22.

Fastening means 18 designed as bolting points are located on the side or underside of the folding beam 16 facing away from the boom 6 . By pivoting the folding beam 16 about the axis A3, it is rotated to the superstructure 3 and the fastening means 18, 19 are brought together, ie the bolting points are brought to overlap. By bolting the fastening means 18, 19, the folding beam 16 is fastened and held on the superstructure 3, so that the bolting on the beam (axis A3) can now be released.

It is conceivable that for bolting the fastening means 18, 19 the bolts of the loosened upper bolted connection (locking axis) between the spar 14 and the folding spar 16 that have now become free can be used. However, separate bolts can also be used.

After the folding beam 16 has been mounted on the superstructure 3 and the bolted connection with the beam 14 has been released, the beam 14 can be removed from the superstructure 3 . Since the beam 14 itself does not carry any component of the luffing mechanism, the latter remains completely on the superstructure 3 and can be transported together with it.

the figure 3 shows the superstructure 3 in the transport position after removal of the beam 14, with the folding beam 16 being mounted on its rear. Since the bar 14 is significantly larger or longer than the folding bar 16, which only forms the upper tip of the A-frame 10, the transport weight of the remaining unit can be significantly reduced by dismantling the bar 14. The dismantling itself can be done easily and quickly as there are no complicated parts to dismantle. Dismantling is also easier and more secure against damage than dismantling the entire A-frame 10 including the luffing gear. The spar 14 itself is compact and therefore requires only a small transport volume.

A method of disassembling the stile 14 to form a lightweight transport unit could include the following steps: lowering the A-frame 10, releasing the guying means 12 from the A-frame 10, releasing the upper (bolt) connection between stile 14 and folding stile 16 , Pivoting the folding beam 16 around the lower pin connection A3, if necessary by means of an auxiliary crane, connecting or bolting the pivoted together fastening means 18, 19 of folding beam 16 and superstructure 3, loosening the lower (pin) connection A3 between beam 14 and folding beam 16, Dismantling the beam 14 (in particular by releasing the connection on the axis A2 with the superstructure 3), if necessary using an auxiliary crane. To assemble the spar 14, these steps are carried out in reverse order.

The A-frame 10 according to the invention can also easily be retrofitted to existing cranes 1. All that is required for this purpose is to attach the fastening means 19 for fastening the folding beam 16 to the rear of the superstructure 3 at the appropriate point and to mount the second set of rollers 24 on the folding beam 16 .

Reference list:

1

crane

2

undercarriage

3

superstructure

4

driver's cabin

5

superstructure ballast

6

boom (main boom)

7

Load handling device (load hook)

8th

hoist rope

9

hoist winch

10

A buck

12

Anchoring means (restraint bars)

14

spar

16

folding handle

18

Fastening means folding bar

19

Fasteners for the upper carriage

20

luffing winch

21

pulling rope

22

First role pack

24

Second Role Pack

26

Lanyard spar

27

Folding handle lanyard

A1

axis

A2

axis

A3

axis

Claims (13)

Mobile crane (1), in particular a crawler crane, comprising an undercarriage (2) with running gear, an upper carriage (3) mounted on the undercarriage (2) so that it can rotate about a vertical axis, and an upper carriage (3) that can be pivoted about a horizontal axis (A1). articulated jib (6), an A-frame (10) which is articulated on the superstructure (3) so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis (A2) and is connected to the jib (6) via a bracing means (12), and a luffing gear by means of which the A- bracket (10) can be pivoted,
characterized,
that the A-frame (10) is divisible and comprises a bar (14) articulated on the superstructure (3) and a folding bar (16) detachably connected to the bar (14). Crane (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the folding beam (16) can be dismantled from the beam (14) and detachably mounted on the superstructure (3). Crane (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the components of the luffing gear which are fastened to the A frame (10) are arranged on the folding beam (16). Crane (1) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the luffing mechanism comprises a luffing winch (20) arranged on the upper carriage (3), a first set of rollers (22) arranged on the upper carriage (3) and a second set of rollers (24 ) includes. Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folding beam (16) forms the end of the A frame (10) and preferably has connecting means for fastening the guying means (12). Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (14) can be dismantled from the superstructure (3) and from the folding beam (16) and transported separately, with the luffing gear remaining on the superstructure (3). Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folding beam (16) and the superstructure (3) each have fastening means (18, 19), by means of which the folding beam (16) can be detachably mounted on the superstructure (3), the fastening means (19) of the superstructure (3) preferably being arranged in its rear area and the fastening means (18) of the folding beam (16) preferably being arranged on the side of the A frame (10) facing away from the boom (6). Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folding beam (16) is connected to the beam (14) so that it can pivot about an axis (A3), in particular horizontally, and can be locked with it, with the axis (A3) and the Locking detachable bolt connections are. Crane (1) according to Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the fastening means (18, 19) of the folding beam (16) and superstructure (3) pass through Pivoting of the folding beam (16) about the axis (A3) can be brought together. Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (14) is longer than the folding beam (16) and/or that the beam (14) and folding beam (16) have essentially the same width. Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the A-frame (10) has a frame-like structure with two, in particular parallel, longitudinal beams and at least one crossbeam, with at least one crossbeam preferably being arranged on the folding beam (16). Crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guying means (12) comprises one or more rigid guying rods each pivotably attached to the jib (6) and A-frame (10). Divisible A frame (10) for a mobile crane (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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