EP3930889A1 - Plasmadüse und plasmavorrichtung - Google Patents
Plasmadüse und plasmavorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3930889A1 EP3930889A1 EP20706231.6A EP20706231A EP3930889A1 EP 3930889 A1 EP3930889 A1 EP 3930889A1 EP 20706231 A EP20706231 A EP 20706231A EP 3930889 A1 EP3930889 A1 EP 3930889A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- nozzle
- transport
- plasma
- base body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3484—Convergent-divergent nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0869—Feeding or evacuating the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0879—Solid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0881—Two or more materials
- B01J2219/0886—Gas-solid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nozzle device and a method for bringing together ionizable gases and substances or
- the present invention also relates to a system for generating chemical and / or physical processes such as generating or recycling a powder from a substance.
- Manufacturing process manufactured Using additive manufacturing processes, for example, a material is applied layer by layer, creating complex three-dimensional components.
- the layer-wise build-up is computer-controlled from one or more liquid or solid, in particular powdery, materials.
- physical and chemical processes for the remelting and hardening process take place.
- Typical materials for 3D printing are plastics, synthetic resins,
- the base material is melted and atomized by means of an ionized plasma jet.
- Individual powder particles produced by the plasma atomization process are extremely homogeneous and spherulitic.
- the spherulitic powder particles produced in this way can then be used, for example, for additive manufacturing or for further use as reactants with other materials.
- US Pat. No. 5,707,419 A discloses a cooling chamber in which three plasma torches are coupled in order to cross corresponding plasma jets at a vertex in the interior of the cooling chamber. In this vertex a wire will be inserted from a wire turn so that it can be in the
- Vertex is melted.
- a chemical and / or physical process between substances can also generally be brought about by means of plasma jets.
- This object is achieved with a nozzle device for bringing together ionizable gases and a base material (or a substance), a system for the chemical and / or physical treatment of a
- Basic material of the product such as a powder from a basic material, as well as a method for combining an ionized gas and a basic material according to the independent claims.
- a nozzle device for bringing together an ionizable gas and a base material in an interaction area or reaction area is provided.
- Nozzle device initially has a base body which has a transport channel for guiding a substance or a
- the main body also has a first plasma channel for guiding a first ionizable gas along the transport direction and a second plasma channel (which is spaced from the first plasma channel) for guiding a second ionizable gas along the
- the first plasma channel has a first gas outlet and the second plasma channel has a second gas outlet.
- the base body also has a coupling area for a
- Electrode device such that the first ionizable gas in the first plasma channel and the second ionizable gas in the second
- the nozzle device has a nozzle element which is coupled to the base body at the end region thereof.
- the nozzle element has a further transport channel which is coupled to the transport channel in such a way that the base material can be transferred from the base body into an interaction area or reaction area outside the nozzle element along the transport direction.
- the nozzle element has a first nozzle outlet, which is coupled to the first plasma channel, and a second nozzle outlet, which is coupled to the second plasma channel.
- the first nozzle outlet for guiding the first ionizable gas and the second nozzle outlet for guiding the second ionizable gas are designed such that the first ionizable gas and the second ionizable gas can flow into the reaction region for reaction with the base material.
- the method initially has the step of guiding the base material in the transport channel along a transport direction to an end region of the base body, guiding the first ionizable gas along the transport direction in the first plasma channel and guiding the second ionizable gas along the transport direction in the second plasma channel . Furthermore, the method has the step of ionizing the first ionizable gas in the first plasma channel and the second ionizable gas in the second plasma channel by means of an electrode device.
- the base material is in the further transport channel of the nozzle element from the transport channel into the interaction area outside the nozzle element along the
- the first ionized gas is through the first nozzle outlet and the second ionized gas is through the second Nozzle outlet flowed into the interaction area to react with the base material.
- the substance or the base material is, for example, a solid such as a wire, for example a copper wire, aluminum wire, nickel wire, titanium wire or a tungsten wire. Alternatively this can
- Base material can also be a liquid material or a gaseous material.
- the base material is intended to react with the ionizable gas or to be melted or vaporized due to the high temperature of the ionizable gas.
- An inert gas or argon (Ar), for example, can be used as the ionizable gas which, in a charged state, hits the base material in the interaction area as a plasma gas.
- the main body consists of a solid material with a high
- the base body can, for example, from
- Alumina, Zirconia, SiAION are made.
- the base body is in particular formed integrally and in one piece and has the transport channel, the first plasma channel and the second
- Plasma channel on In other words, several plasma channels and the first one transport channel run in an integral one-piece
- the main body can have one or a plurality of
- the base body can furthermore have exclusively the first and the second plasma channel or a multiplicity of further first second plasma channels, it being possible for one and the same ionizable gas or a multiplicity of different ionizable gases to pass through the plasma channels.
- the direction of transport defines in particular the advance or the
- the base body has a coupling area for a
- the electrode device can be attached to the base body directly or indirectly, for. B. to a nozzle housing and provide an energy input into the corresponding first and / or second plasma channel.
- the electrode device has, for example, a radiation head which introduces high-frequency radiation into the corresponding plasma channels. Due to the high energy input, the gas is in the
- the electrode device is centrally coupled to the nozzle element and the base body.
- Electrode device the desired state of the plasma, such as for
- Example temperature or flow condition when it hits the substance or the base material Example temperature or flow condition when it hits the substance or the base material.
- the nozzle element consists of a solid material with a high
- the nozzle element can, for example, from
- the nozzle element has in particular a further transport channel, a first nozzle outlet and a second nozzle outlet.
- the nozzle element is attached to an end region of the base body.
- the nozzle element is such coupled to the base body that the transport channel and the other
- Transport channel and the first nozzle outlet are coupled to the first plasma channel and the second nozzle outlet to the second plasma channel.
- the nozzle element may, for example, be integral and one-piece with the
- Base body be formed or detachable, for example by means of a
- the first and / or the second nozzle outlet can furthermore have special tapering channels and accordingly at the outlet in the direction
- the nozzle outlets can each form a Laval nozzle.
- the nozzle outlets are designed such that the correspondingly ionized gas flows into the interaction area.
- the further transport channel is designed so that the base material through the further transport channel of the
- Nozzle element can be passed and protrudes into the interaction area.
- the first nozzle outlet and the second nozzle outlet are designed in particular such that the first ionizable gas and the second ionizable gas meet at an apex in the interaction area.
- the further transport channel is designed so that the base material also runs through the apex.
- the interaction area or reaction area is correspondingly in
- the physical and / or chemical process such as a reaction between the base material and the ionizable or ionizable material takes place in the interaction area.
- the temperature at the apex can be adjusted.
- the temperature at the apex can be due to the ionized gas and / or due to an exothermic reaction, for example of the ionized gas with the base material have a temperature of over 1000 ° C, in particular.
- Gas composition a physical and / or a chemical process can be generated between the ionized gas and the base material.
- the base material is automated due to the temperature of the ionized gas and melted into small, in particular spherical drops.
- the molten droplets can be solidified into particles, so that a powder, which is necessary for additive manufacturing, for example, is provided.
- ionizable gas with a base material can be provided a desired operation without complex equipment, since the
- Electrode device off to bring about a desired action.
- the ionizable gases and the base material are brought into the desired state due to their physical and / or chemical properties.
- Nozzle device and its geometry is according to
- the base body and the nozzle element are formed integrally.
- the nozzle element can, for example, be attached to the base body
- Base bodies are produced together in an additive manufacturing process.
- the nozzle element and the base body can be produced using a casting process.
- the transport channel is designed as a bore in the interior of the base body.
- the hole can be made, for example, by means of drilling or milling or, when the base body is manufactured, using the casting process or using the additive method
- the base body is designed to be rotationally symmetrical, with a central axis of the base body being designed parallel to the transport direction.
- the base body has a cylindrical shape with a round, oval or polygonal base.
- the normal of a base is, for example, formed parallel to the transport direction.
- Transport channel along the central axis (axis of rotation) of the base body.
- the transport channel is therefore in the center of the base body and extends in particular in a translatory manner.
- the nozzle outlet and / or the second nozzle outlet are designed in such a way that the corresponding ionizable gas has a flow direction with a (directional) component that is radial to the central axis.
- the direction parallel to the transport direction is defined as the axial direction.
- the radial direction corresponds to a direction which is orthogonal to the axial direction and runs through the central axis or axis of rotation of the base body.
- the circumferential direction is orthogonal to the axial direction and the radial direction.
- the first or second nozzle outlet is specified in such a way that the ionizable gas flows into the interaction area at a certain angle relative to the transport direction.
- the angle is defined, for example, between the direction of flow from the corresponding nozzle outlets on the one hand and the axial direction on the other.
- an angle between the axial direction and the flow direction can be 20 ° to 80 °, in particular 30 °.
- the nozzle outlets may be off-center, e.g. H. spaced from the central axis
- Nozzle element are arranged. Due to the angled outflow of the ionizable or ionized gas through the corresponding
- the ionizable or ionized gas flows in the direction of an apex on the central axis of the nozzle element or the base body outside the nozzle device in the process or interaction area in order to interact with the substance or the base material.
- At least the first nozzle outlet or the second nozzle outlet is designed in such a way that the corresponding ionizable gas has a flow direction with a (directional) component rotating around the central axis.
- the ionizable gas flowing out is thus given a rotating direction around the central axis. This can result in an improved reaction with the base material in the
- the flow direction with a circumferential component can for example by means of a
- fluid guide elements can be provided which are arranged after the corresponding ionizable gas has emerged and deflect it in a desired direction of rotation.
- At least the first plasma channel or the second plasma channel is a bore in the interior of the
- the hole can be made, for example, by means of drilling or milling, or it can be provided when the base body is manufactured using the casting process or additive manufacturing.
- the first plasma channel and the second plasma channel can each
- the first plasma channel and the second plasma channel can be at the same distance from the central axis of the main body.
- the first plasma channel and the second plasma channel can be at the same distance from the central axis of the main body.
- Plasma channel and the second plasma channel have different distances from the central axis.
- At least the first plasma channel or the second plasma channel is an open groove along a
- the open groove can be made in the base body by means of milling, for example.
- the ionizable gas flows due to a directed inflow angle into the groove along the same groove.
- the ionizable gas is easily accessible from the outside through the open groove, in particular for energy input into the electrode device.
- the open groove is at least partially closed with a sleeve which can be plugged over the base body.
- the sleeve can, so to speak, be pushed over the base body or pushed so that the sleeve rests on the surface of the base body.
- the open grooves of the corresponding plasma channels can thus be closed.
- the open groove can remain free of the sleeve and accordingly not be covered by it.
- the sleeve can be plugged over the base body.
- the base body has a further first plasma channel for guiding a further first
- the further first plasma channel has a further first gas outlet and the further second plasma channel has a further second gas outlet, the further first plasma channel and the further second plasma channel in the base body between the first plasma channel and the second plasma channel on the one hand and the transport channel on the other hand are formed.
- the first or second plasma channel is at a greater distance from the central axis of the main body compared to the further first and further second plasma channels.
- the further first and further second plasma channels lie on the central axis and, correspondingly, the transport channel running along this and the first and second plasma channels further outward.
- the nozzle element can be rotated relative to the base body.
- the nozzle element can be rotatably mounted on the base body, for example by means of a slide bearing or a ball bearing.
- the corresponding first nozzle outlet and the second nozzle outlet can be designed, for example, as an annular gap in the nozzle element.
- the corresponding outlets of the plasma channels allow the ionizable gas flowing therein to flow into the annular gaps.
- fluid guide elements can be provided in the annular gaps, so that the rotation of the gas element additionally generates a spin or a rotation of the ionizable gas flowing into the interaction area.
- Nozzle device also has a, in particular disk-shaped, fluid guide element which is coupled to the nozzle element. Between the
- annular control channel is formed which runs around the nozzle element.
- the control channel is designed such that the control fluid can flow in or around the interaction area.
- the control fluid is, for example, air, nitrogen or an inert gas.
- the control fluid flows around or into the interaction area.
- the control channel is designed in particular in such a way that the control fluid includes the ionizable gas flowing into the interaction area and the
- the fluid pressure of the control fluid can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
- the mass flow rate of the control fluids controls the local formation of the
- Control fluids the further away the interaction area in which the apex of the ionized gas is present with the base material.
- the fluid guiding element can control fluid with a radial
- the control fluid can thus flow into the interaction area circumferentially with a radial flow. After a point of intersection of the control fluid on the central axis, it flows downstream with respect to the transport direction of the interaction area outwards from the central axis and forms an outwardly directed flow cone. This means that larger particles (coarse particles) are carried further outwards with respect to the central axis than smaller particles (small particles). Correspondingly, along the transport direction, there are smaller particles in the center around the central axis and correspondingly larger particles at a greater distance from the central axis.
- corresponding sizes of the particles can be set.
- the separation between the coarse particles and the small particles is achieved in particular due to different physical conditions with regard to the different sizes of the particles, such as in particular the inertia or gravity, the flow resistance and the conservation of momentum.
- an open hollow cylinder Downstream outside of the interaction area, for example, an open hollow cylinder can be installed as a separation tube with a central axis which is coaxial to the central axis.
- the smaller fine particles flow into the interior of the hollow cylinder and the coarse particles flow past outside the hollow cylinder.
- a container for collecting the small particles can accordingly be arranged at the downstream end of the separation tube while the coarse particles surrounding the separation tube are collected in a further container.
- the fluid guide element can be provided with a circulation, i. H. with a directional component in the circumferential direction in the
- the fluid guide element can be attached to the nozzle element or the base body, for example, by means of a welded connection. Furthermore, the fluid guide element can be formed integrally with the base body or the nozzle element. The fluid guide extends perpendicular to the
- the fluid guide element is correspondingly designed in the form of a disk.
- Fluid guide element can be manufactured additively, for example.
- the fluid guide element is fastened to the nozzle element by means of connecting webs.
- a corresponding gap is formed between the connecting webs, through which the control fluid can flow into the interaction area.
- the fluid guide element is designed in the form of a disk as described above, the center of the disk-shaped fluid guide element lying on the central axis of the nozzle element.
- An extension of the fluid guide element perpendicular to the central axis is greater than the extension along the central axis.
- the fluid guide element forms a rotationally symmetrical body with the central axis of the base body and / or of the nozzle element.
- the fluid-guiding element has fluid-guiding webs for guiding the control fluid in the direction of the control channel.
- the fluid guide webs form elevations along the surface of the fluid guide element.
- the fluid webs can be parallel along the
- the fluid guide webs can be a
- Nozzle device on a nozzle housing with an outlet opening, wherein the base body and the nozzle element are arranged in the nozzle housing such that one end of the further transport channel, the first nozzle outlet and the second nozzle outlet are in the outlet opening and the
- the outlet opening is passed through the ionizable gas and the base material along the direction of transport, so that the interaction area and, accordingly, the apex is outside the housing.
- the nozzle housing has a coupling connection for the electrode device, the coupling connection providing access to the first plasma channel and / or the second plasma channel.
- the electrode device can be connected to the coupling connection by means of a
- the coupling connection provides an opening in the housing so that direct access to the corresponding first or second plasma channel is possible.
- Nozzle housing a plasma gas inlet for coupling to a first Gas reservoir, wherein the plasma gas inlet is coupled to at least the first plasma channel.
- Nozzle housing has a further plasma gas inlet for coupling to a second gas reservoir, the further plasma gas inlet being coupled to the second plasma channel.
- Nozzle housing a further input for coupling to another
- Fluid reservoir on, the further inlet allowing the control fluid to flow in, so that this along the transport direction in the direction
- Fluid guiding element flows.
- a system for chemically and / or physically treating a base material, e.g. B. to generate chemical and / or physical processes on the base material, such as. B. for generating or recycling a powder from a substance or a base material.
- the system has the nozzle device described above and a housing for receiving the nozzle device.
- the nozzle device is coupled to the housing in such a way that the interaction area is present in the housing.
- the base material can be brought together with the ionized plasma gas in the interaction area, so that chemical reactions or physical interactions are generated there under high temperature and pressure. Furthermore, the ionized
- Plasma gases are the base material, such as a solid body, e.g. B. wire, to generate fine-dust powder from the base material.
- the housing has an inner volume in which the process or interaction area is present. The interaction area is thus protected from external influences. Furthermore, the housing can be filled with inert gas in order to influence contamination of the reaction components in the reaction space. When used as a powder generation system, the housing can also serve as a collecting basin and / or as a separator for the powder generated.
- the housing can, for example, be designed to be rotationally symmetrical.
- a central axis of the housing can be formed parallel to the transport direction.
- the housing has a hollow cylindrical shape with a round, oval or polygonal base.
- the normal of a base is, for example, formed parallel to the transport direction.
- the housing is designed such that the center line of the housing is coaxial with the center line of the nozzle element or the
- Base body is.
- the housing can for example have a flange to which the nozzle device can be attached.
- the nozzle housing or the fluid guide element can serve as a fastening element with the housing.
- the housing and the nozzle device can be produced integrally and in one piece, for example by means of additive manufacturing.
- the housing serves as a flow body and contains a
- the nozzle element which accordingly contains the openings of the further transport channel and the nozzle outlets, is fastened to an end opposite the transport direction.
- the nozzle device thus forms a nozzle base of the flow body.
- the nozzle base can have one, two or more nozzle devices.
- the housing has a fluid channel which extends away from the nozzle device along the transport direction.
- the fluid channel can, for example, as
- the hollow cylindrical tube can be formed inside the housing.
- the process or interaction area is formed in the fluid channel.
- the fluid channel can be surrounded, for example, with a cooling medium such as cooling air in order to cool it.
- the fluid channel can, for example, as
- Cooling channel can be used.
- the cooling channel has a jacket surface (of the hollow cylindrical tube) with cooling openings which are designed such that a cooling medium can flow into the cooling space or cooling channel from the vicinity of the jacket surface.
- Cooling openings can be formed, for example, by means of bores.
- the cooling openings also each form spaced-apart slots, which in
- At least one of the cooling openings is designed such that the cooling medium with a
- Component can flow in in the direction of transport.
- the cooling medium does not flow purely radially in the direction of the center line but also with an axial component in the direction of the transport direction.
- the reaction product for example the fine-grain powder
- the cooling medium is transported away by means of the cooling medium along the transport direction.
- At least one of the cooling openings is designed such that the cooling medium with a
- Component can flow in in the circumferential direction.
- the cooling medium does not flow purely radially towards the center line but also with a Circumferential component around the direction of transport.
- reaction product for example the fine-grained powder
- the cooling medium in rotation around the central axis or the transport direction. It works through this circulating flow
- the cooling channel with the complex cooling channel geometry can in particular be produced by means of additive manufacturing processes.
- the cooling channel has a fastening area with the nozzle element, in which
- Attachment area is the interaction area.
- the cooling channel has an increasing inner diameter in the fastening area along the transport direction.
- the cooling channel from the interface with the nozzle device has a funnel shape in the transport direction.
- the cooling channel merges into a hollow cylindrical shape, for example. Due to the funnel shape that will
- Transport direction is conveyed, relaxed, so that desired
- the cooling channel is arranged at a distance from an outer wall of the housing in such a way that a supply channel for the cooling medium can be provided.
- the supply channel is formed in an intermediate area between the housing and the cooling channel.
- the cooling medium thus cools the jacket surface of the cooling channel before it enters the cooling channel.
- a flow straightener is arranged in the supply channel, which is designed to allow a cooling medium to flow into the supply channel in a laminar manner.
- the flow straightener has a plurality of those, for example
- the flow straightener consists, for example, of a hollow cylinder, the cooling channel being passed through an inner opening.
- the cooling channel In its outer surface, the
- the flow channels have a channel length that is at least 10 times longer than their diameter. This ensures that the cooling medium is directed in a laminar manner.
- the housing and / or the nozzle element has a deflecting element for the cooling medium, the deflecting element being formed in the supply channel or protruding into it.
- the deflecting element is designed such that the
- Cooling medium in the supply channel can be deflected from a flow direction with a component counter to the transport direction in a flow direction with a component along the transport direction.
- the deflecting element is, for example, a flat, disk-like element, the surface facing in the direction of transport being curved or bent in order to deflect a deflection of the cooling medium flowing counter to the direction of transport by approx. 100 ° to 180 °.
- the cooling medium After the deflection, the cooling medium has a flow direction in
- Transport direction in particular with a radial directional component. After the cooling medium has been deflected, it can flow into the cooling channel through the openings, for example.
- the deflecting element can for example be attached to one end of the housing, to which end the nozzle device is attached.
- Deflecting element has at least one cooling medium guide web (i.e. fluid guide web) which runs along a radial direction.
- the cooling medium is thus guided and diverted in the radial direction.
- the cooling medium guide web extends in particular from the disk-shaped deflecting element in the transport direction in order to thus form corresponding guide channels.
- the cooling medium guide web can in particular be a directional component in
- the fluid guide webs can initially run radially and then parallel to the transport direction. Furthermore, the fluid guide webs can have a directional component along the circumferential direction, so that a spin or a rotation of the cooling medium is generated about the center line. Furthermore, the surface of the fluid guide element of the nozzle device, which surface is directed in the transport direction and forms with the cooling channel, can function as a deflecting element.
- the system has a separation tube which is arranged along the central axis within the cooling channel.
- the separation tube has an inner channel through which first particles can be removed along the transport direction.
- An outer channel is formed between the jacket surface and the separation tube, through which second particles can be removed along the transport direction.
- the separation tube has an annular channel for a transport fluid which extends along the transport direction.
- the annular channel has at least one inner opening through which the transport fluid can flow into the inner channel in the direction of flow.
- the inner opening is designed in particular such that the transport fluid with a directional component in
- the ring channel has a connection for the inflow of the transport fluid against the
- a transport fluid can be introduced into the annular channel.
- the ring channel forms an axial end opposite to the transport direction in such a way that the
- Transport fluid can flow into the cooling channel counter to the transport direction.
- the annular channel has at least one outer opening through which the transport fluid enters
- the direction of flow can flow into the outer channel, the outer opening being designed in particular such that the transport fluid can flow in with a directional component in the circumferential direction.
- the separation tube thus protrudes against the transport direction in the
- the separation pipe or the immersion pipe can be used as a double jacket Hollow body, for example a cylindrical shape (double jacket tube), be designed to form the annular channel.
- the transport fluid flows, for example, against the
- Deflection element which due to its angled or curved surface deflects the transport fluid, can be designed with at least one component opening (control opening or control slot) running radially inwards or radially outwards.
- the transport fluid does not flow purely in the transport direction through the jacket surface of the separation tube into the cooling channel or into the inner channel of the separation tube.
- the immersion tube can be funnel-shaped at the end opposite to the transport direction and / or control slots opposite to the
- Connecting elements in the hollow body or the annular channel, which connect the deflecting element to the hollow body, can be designed as separator medium guide webs.
- Separator medium guide webs can be directed radially parallel to the transport direction. Alternatively, they can have a directional component along the circumferential direction so that a spin or rotation of the
- Separator control fluid can be introduced around the center line.
- a separation effect of the reaction material can be controlled via geometric relationships such as, for example, separation tube position, separation tube length, separation tube diameter, control slot size, control slot angle, number of control slots, and / or the choice of parameters for separator control fluid such as pressure, mass flow rate.
- the powder in an application for powder production, for example, the powder can be separated into two or more fractions (particle sizes).
- the separation tube is manufactured, for example, from individual elements by connecting, for example, screws, or integrally, in one piece, by a casting process or, in particular, by an additive one
- the separation tube is coupled to the housing by a holding device, which consists for example of webs or a flange.
- the housing and the separation tube can be manufactured integrally in one piece, for example by a casting process or in particular by additive manufacturing.
- guide bars are used as a support structure.
- Embodiments can be combined with one another in a suitable manner, so that for the person skilled in the art, with the embodiment variants explicitly shown here, a large number of different embodiments are to be seen as obviously disclosed. In particular, some embodiments of the invention are included
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system for producing a powder from a base material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, with the section in the transition between the nozzle device and the housing being shown in particular.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the system from FIG. 1.
- FIG 3 shows a schematic representation of a nozzle device with a nozzle housing according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show a schematic illustration of a nozzle device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show top views of a nozzle device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of a nozzle device
- Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of a nozzle device
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic illustration of a cooling medium guide web of a deflecting element according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic illustration of a separation tube in a cooling channel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the separation tube from FIG. 11.
- FIG. 1 and 2 show a system for producing a powder from a base material 101 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in FIG. 1 in particular the section in
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the system from FIG. 1.
- the system assigns the nozzle device 100 and the housing 130
- the nozzle device 100 is coupled to the housing 130 in such a way that an interaction region 103 is present in the housing 130.
- the nozzle device 100 serves to bring together an ionizable gas 102, 105 and a base material 101 in the interaction area 103.
- the nozzle device 100 initially has a base body 110, which has a transport channel 111 for guiding the base material 101 along a transport direction 106 to an end region 114 of the
- the base body 110 also has a first
- Plasma channel 112 for guiding the first ionizable gas 102 along the transport direction 106 and a second plasma channel 113 (which is spaced from the first plasma channel 112) for guiding the second
- the first plasma channel 112 has a first gas outlet and the second plasma channel 113 has a second gas outlet.
- the base body 110 also has a coupling area 115 or a
- Electron jacket 307 for an electrode device 150 such that the first ionizable gas 102 in the first plasma channel 112 and the second ionizable gas 105 in the second plasma channel 105 are ionizable.
- the nozzle device 100 has a nozzle element 120 which is coupled to the base body 110 at the end region 114 of the latter.
- the nozzle element 120 has a further transport channel 121 which is coupled to the transport channel 111 in such a way that the base material 101 moves from the base body 110 into the interaction area 103 outside the
- Nozzle element 120 can be transferred along the transport direction 106. Furthermore, the nozzle element 120 has a first nozzle outlet 122 which is coupled to the first plasma channel 112 and a second nozzle outlet 123 which is coupled to the second plasma channel 113.
- the first nozzle outlet 122 for guiding the first ionizable gas 102 and the second nozzle outlet 123 for guiding the second ionizable gas 105 are designed in such a way that the first ionizable gas 102 and the second ionizable gas 105 can flow into the interaction region 103 for reaction with the base material 101.
- the base material 101 is for example a solid such as a wire, for example a copper wire, aluminum wire, nickel wire, titanium wire or a tungsten wire.
- a ionizable gas 102, 105 which in a charged state as a plasma gas on the base material 101 in the
- Interaction region 103 meets, for example, an inert gas or argon (Ar) can be used.
- the base body 110 has a cylindrical pin shape.
- the base body 110 is in particular formed integrally and in one piece and has the
- Transport channel 111 the first plasma channel 112 and the second
- Plasma channel 113 on.
- several plasma channels 112, 113 and the at least one transport channel 111 run in an integral one-piece base body.
- One and the same ionizable gas or a multiplicity of different ionizable gases can be carried through the plasma channels 112, 113.
- the transport direction 106 defines in particular the propulsion or the
- the base body 110 has the coupling area 115 for the
- Electrode device 150 The electrode device 150 can be attached to the base body 110 directly or indirectly, e.g. on a
- Nozzle housing 140 are attached and provide an energy input into the corresponding first and / or second plasma channel 112, 113.
- the nozzle element 120 consists of a solid material with a high temperature resistance.
- the nozzle element 120 is fastened to the end region 114 of the base body 110.
- the transport channel 111 is with the further transport channel 121, the first nozzle outlet 122 is with the first
- Plasma channel 113 are coupled.
- the first and / or the second nozzle outlet 122, 123 have tapering channels and accordingly have the smallest cross section at the exit in the direction of the interaction area 103.
- the nozzle outlets 122, 123 are designed in such a way that the correspondingly ionized gas 102, 103 flows into the interaction region 103.
- the further transport channel 121 is designed accordingly that the
- Base material 101 is passed through and protrudes into the interaction area 103.
- the first nozzle outlet 122 and the second nozzle outlet 123 are designed in particular such that the first ionizable gas 102 and the second ionizable gas 105 are at an apex in the
- the further transport channel 121 is
- the interaction area 103 lies outside the nozzle element 120 in the transport direction 106.
- the reaction between the base material and the ionizable or ionized gas takes place in the interaction area.
- the base material 101 can be automated and melted into small, in particular spherical drops.
- the drops show
- the melted droplets can be solidified into small particles, so that an extremely fine-grained powder, which is necessary for additive manufacturing, for example, is provided.
- the housing 130 has an internal volume in which the
- Interaction area 103 is present.
- the interaction area 103 is thus protected from external influences.
- the housing 130 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical.
- a central axis 104 of the housing 130 is formed parallel to the transport direction 106.
- the housing 130 has a hollow cylindrical shape.
- the center line 104 of the housing 130 is coaxial with the center line 104 of the nozzle element 120 or of the base body 110.
- the housing 130 has a flange to which the nozzle device 100 is attached.
- the transport channel 111 is designed as a bore in the interior of the base body 110.
- the base body is designed to be rotationally symmetrical, with a central axis 104 of the base body 110 being parallel to the transport direction 106.
- the transport channel 111 runs along the central axis (axis of rotation) 104 of the base body 110.
- the transport channel 111 is therefore in the center of the base body 110 and extends in particular in a translatory manner.
- the first nozzle outlet 122 and the second nozzle outlet 123 are designed such that the corresponding ionized gas has a flow direction with a (directional) component that is radial to the central axis 104.
- the direction parallel to the transport direction 106 is defined as the axial direction.
- the radial direction 107 corresponds to a direction which is formed orthogonal to the axial direction and runs through the center line 104 or axis of rotation of the base body 110.
- the direction of rotation 108 is orthogonal to the axial direction and the radial direction 107.
- the ionized gas (i.e. the plasma gas) is flowed into the interaction region 103 at a certain angle ⁇ (see FIG. 8) relative to the transport direction 106.
- the angle ⁇ is defined between the direction of flow from the corresponding nozzle outlets 122, 123 on the one hand and the axial direction on the other. Due to the angled outflow of the ionized gas 102, 105 through the corresponding nozzle outlets 122, 123, the ionized gas 102, 105 flows in the direction of an apex 800 (see FIG. 8) on the central axis 104 in the interaction area 103 in order to react with the base material 101 .
- the first nozzle outlet 122 or the second nozzle outlet 123 can furthermore be designed in such a way that the corresponding ionized gas 102, 105 has a flow direction with a (directional) component that encircles the central axis 104, i. H. in the circumferential direction 108 has.
- the outflowing ionized gas 102, 105 is thus given a rotating direction in
- Circumferential direction 108 about central axis 104 Circumferential direction 108 about central axis 104.
- the first plasma channel 112 and the second plasma channel 113 are each formed at a distance from the central axis 104 of the base body 110.
- the nozzle device 100 also has a, in particular disk-shaped, fluid guide element 124, which is coupled to the nozzle element 120.
- An annular control channel 127 which runs around the nozzle element 120, is formed between the fluid guide element 124 and the nozzle element 120.
- the control channel 127 is designed such that control fluid 125, for. B. cooling inert gas or cooling air, in or around the interaction area 103 can flow.
- the control channel 124 is designed in particular in such a way that the control fluid 125 envelops the ionized gas 102, 105 flowing into the interaction region 103 and the base material 101.
- the fluid pressure of the control fluid 125 is adjustable, e.g. B. by means of an appropriate pump device.
- the level of pressure and / or the speed of the control fluid 125 controls the local formation of the interaction area 103 or the apex 800 along the transport direction 106.
- Vertex 800 of the ionized gas with the base material 101 is formed.
- the fluid guide element 124 can control fluid 125 with a radial
- control fluid 125 can circumferentially with a radial flow in the
- Interaction area 103 are flowed in. After a point of intersection of the control fluid 125 on the central axis 104, it flows downstream with respect to the transport direction 106 from the interaction area 103 outwards from the central axis 104 and forms an outwardly directed flow cone. As a result, larger particles (coarse particles 143) are carried further outwards with respect to the central axis 104 than smaller particles (fine particles 142). Accordingly, are located along the
- Transport direction 106 in the center around the central axis 104 smaller particles 142 and at a greater distance from the central axis 104 correspondingly larger particles 143.
- the fluid guide element 124 extends perpendicular to the transport direction 106 or to the center line 104, wherein it has a small thickness.
- Fluid guide element 124 is correspondingly designed in the form of a disk.
- the housing 130 has a cooling channel 131 which extends from the
- the nozzle device 100 extends along the transport direction 106.
- the cooling channel 131 is formed, for example, as a hollow cylindrical tube in the interior of the housing 130.
- the interaction region 103 is formed in the cooling channel 131.
- the cooling channel 131 is surrounded by a cooling air or cooling medium 134.
- the cooling channel 131 has a jacket surface 132 (of the hollow cylindrical tube) with cooling openings 133 which are designed such that the
- Cooling medium 134 can flow into the cooling space from the surroundings of the lateral surface 132.
- the cooling openings 133 are spaced apart slots or
- Openings which are formed in the circumferential direction 108 and spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 106 in the jacket surface 132.
- the cooling openings 133 are designed in such a way that the cooling medium 134 with one component can flow in in the direction of the transport direction 106. Thus, after the interaction area 103 becomes the reaction product
- the cooling openings 133 are designed in such a way that the cooling medium 134 with one component can flow in in the circumferential direction 108.
- the cooling medium 134 does not flow purely radially in the direction of the center line 104 but also with a peripheral component 108.
- the reaction product for example the fine-grained powder
- the cooling medium 133 see spiral arrows
- a centrifugal force acts on the particles in the reaction product, as a result of which larger particles 143 with a higher mass settle out more quickly than smaller particles 142 with a smaller mass.
- a separation between coarse and finer particles 142, 143 of the reaction product can be carried out.
- a separation tube 141 can be provided which is arranged along the central axis 104 within the cooling channel 131.
- the fine particles 142 can be discharged inside the separation pipe 141, while the coarse particles 143 are discharged outside the separation pipe 141.
- Hollow cylinder installed as a separation pipe 141 with a central axis which is coaxial with the central axis 104.
- the smaller fine particles 142 flow into the interior of the hollow cylinder and the coarse particles 143 flow past outside the hollow cylinder.
- a container for collecting the small particles 142 can correspondingly
- Coarse particles 143 surrounding the separation pipe 141 are collected.
- fluid guide element 124 can, as described below, with a
- Circulation, d. H. flow with a directional component in the circumferential direction into the interaction area 103.
- the cooling channel 131 has a fastening area 135 with the
- Nozzle element 100 wherein in the fastening area 135
- the cooling channel 131 has in the
- the cooling channel 131 merges into a hollow cylindrical shape, for example. Due to the funnel shape that will
- Reaction product which from the cooling medium 134 along the
- Transport direction 106 is conveyed relaxed.
- the cooling channel 131 is arranged at a distance from an outer wall 136 of the housing 130 such that a supply channel 137 can be provided for the cooling medium 134.
- the housing 130 and / or the nozzle element 120 or the fluid guide element 124 has a deflection element 138 for the
- Cooling medium 134 the deflecting element 138 being formed in the supply channel 137 or protruding into it.
- the deflecting element 138 is designed in such a way that the cooling medium 134 in the supply channel 137 flows from a direction of flow with a component opposite to the
- Transport direction 106 can be deflected in a flow direction with a component along the transport direction 106.
- the deflecting element 138 is, for example, a flat, disk-like element, the surface directed in the transport direction 106 being curved in order to thereby deflect the cooling medium 134. After the deflection of the cooling medium 134, this can, for example, by the
- Cooling openings 133 flow into the cooling channel 131.
- the deflecting element 138 has, in particular, a cooling medium guide web 139 (i.e. fluid guide web), which deflects the cooling medium 134 more effectively.
- the surface of the fluid guide element 124 of the nozzle device 100 which surface is directed in the transport direction 106 and forms with the cooling channel 131, functions as a deflecting element 138 in the exemplary embodiment.
- a flow straightener 201 is arranged, which is set up, the cooling medium 134 in the laminar
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a nozzle device 100 with a nozzle housing 300 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the nozzle device 100 is arranged within the nozzle housing 300 and, for example, fastened to the latter via the deflecting element 138.
- the nozzle housing 300 In the interior of the nozzle housing there is an electrode jacket 307 of the nozzle device 100 parallel to the central axis 104, in which the
- Nozzle device 100 in particular with its pin-like base body 110, can be inserted.
- the coupling area 115 for an electrode device is located in the electrode jacket 307.
- the electrode device conducts high-frequency radiation in the direction via the coupling connection 302
- Nozzle device 100 is a Nozzle device 100.
- the nozzle housing 300 also has a plasma gas inlet 303 for the first ionizable gas 102 and optionally a plasma gas inlet 304 for a second ionizable gas 103. Furthermore, the base material 101 can be introduced into the transport channel 111 via a coupling area 306. The ionizable gas 102, 103 is thus passed between the electrode jacket 307 and the plasma channels 112, 113 and by means of the
- Electrode device ionized.
- a control fluid 125 can flow in via the fluid inlet 305, which control fluid is guided on the fluid guide element 124 in the direction of the interaction region 103.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show a schematic representation of a
- FIG. 4 shows a view of the nozzle device 100 downstream of the transport direction 106 and
- FIG. 5 shows a view of the
- Nozzle device 100 upstream of the transport direction 106.
- the first plasma channel 112 and the second plasma channel 113 are formed as an open groove 402 along a surface of the base body 110.
- the open groove 402 can be made in the base body 110 by means of milling, for example.
- the ionizable gas 102, 105 flows due to a directed inflow angle into the groove 402 along the same groove 402.
- the ionizable gas 102, 105 is good from the outside through the open groove 402
- the base body 110 has three plasma channels 112, 113, 112 ', which are distributed constantly along the surface in the circumferential direction. Accordingly, 3
- Plasma jets are flowed into the interaction area 103.
- the open groove 402 is at least partially closed with a sleeve 403 which can be plugged over the base body 110.
- the sleeve 403 can, so to speak, be pushed over the base body, so that the sleeve 403 on the
- Electrode device 150, the open groove 402 can remain free of the sleeve 403.
- the fluid guide element 124 is disk-shaped, the center point of the disk-shaped fluid guide element 124 lying on the central axis 104 of the nozzle element 120.
- the fluid guide element 124 is by means of
- a corresponding gap is formed as a control channel 127 between the connecting webs 401, through which the control fluid 125 can flow into the interaction area 103.
- the fluid guiding element 124 also has fluid guiding webs 126 for guiding the control fluid 125 in the direction of the control channel 127.
- the fluid guiding webs 126 form Elevations along the surface of the fluid guide element 124.
- the fluid webs 126 with directional components run parallel and radially to the transport direction 106.
- the fluid guide element 124 has a funnel-shaped and convexly curved surface on the side facing away in the transport direction 106 with respect to the interaction region 103, the regions in the center of the fluid guide element 124 being further in the transport direction 106 than the edge regions of the
- Fluid guide element 124
- the fluid guide element 124 has a concave, curved surface. This curved surface can act, for example, as a deflection surface or deflection element 138 for the cooling medium 134.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show top views of a nozzle device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.
- nozzle outlets 122, 123 are shown, which one
- the nozzle element 120 is coupled to the fluid guide element 124 by the connecting webs.
- Fig. 7 also shows a rotatable element 701, which three in
- the rotatable element 701 can
- the nozzle element 120 can be rotatable relative to the base body 110.
- the nozzle element 120 can, for example, be mounted in a rotating manner on the base body 110 by means of a slide bearing or a ball bearing.
- the corresponding first nozzle outlet 122 and the second nozzle outlet 123 can for example be designed as an annular gap in the nozzle element 120 (see FIG. 6).
- Fluid guide elements can also be provided in the annular gap so that the rotation of the ionizable gases 102, 105 additionally generates a spin or a rotation of the ionizable gas 102, 105 flowing into the interaction area.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of a nozzle device 100 with flow paths of two ionizable gases 102, 105 and one
- the nozzle device 100 has the base body 110 and the nozzle element 120.
- the transport channel 111 and the further transport channel 121 are formed coaxially along the center line 104.
- the main body 110 also has the first plasma channel 112 for guiding the first ionizable gas 102 along the transport direction 106 and a second plasma channel 113
- the base body 110 also has a coupling area 115 and a
- Electrode jacket 307 for an electrode device 150 such that the first ionizable gas 102 in the first plasma channel 112 and the second ionizable gas 105 in the second plasma channel 105 are ionizable.
- the nozzle element 120 has a first nozzle outlet 122, which is coupled to the first plasma channel 112, and a second nozzle outlet 123, which is coupled to the second plasma channel 113.
- the first nozzle outlet 122 for guiding the first ionizable gas 102 and the second nozzle outlet 123 for guiding the second ionizable gas 105 are designed such that the first ionizable gas 102 and the second ionizable gas 103 can flow into the interaction region 103 for reaction with the base material 101.
- the ionized gas 102, 105 (i.e. the plasma gas) flows into the interaction region 103 at a certain angle ⁇ relative to the transport direction 106.
- the angle ⁇ is defined between the direction of flow from the corresponding nozzle outlets 122, 123 on the one hand and the axial direction on the other. Due to the angled outflow of the ionized gas 102, 105 through the corresponding nozzle outlets 122, 123, the ionized gas 102, 105 flows in the direction of an apex 800 on the
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of a nozzle device 100 with the direction of flow of four ionizable gases 102, 102 ′, 105, 105 ′ and a base material 101.
- the base body has a further first plasma channel 901 for guiding a further first
- Plasma channel 112 is spaced apart, for guiding a further second ionizable gas 105 'along the transport direction 105.
- nozzle outlets 122 ', 123' is the ionizable gas 102 '
- the nozzle outlets 122 ', 123' have a smaller, flatter angle a 'than the nozzle outlets 122,
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of a cooling medium guide web 139 of a deflecting element 138 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the deflecting element 138 has at least one cooling medium guide web 139 (ie fluid guide web), which along a radial direction 107 in the direction
- the cooling medium 134 is thus guided and diverted in the radial direction 107.
- the cooling medium guide web 139 extends
- cooling medium guide web 139 can in particular be a
- the deflecting element 138 can also be connected to the housing 130 by the
- Cooling medium guide webs 139 be connected.
- the cooling medium guide web 139 can run up to the end of the cooling openings 133, which is the beginning of the cooling channel 131.
- cooling medium guide webs 139 run, for example, parallel and radially to the transport direction 106.
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic illustration of a separation pipe 141 in a cooling channel 131 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the separation tube from FIG. 11.
- the separation tube 141 has an inner channel 1106 through which first particles 142 along the
- Transport direction 106 can be removed.
- An outer channel 1107 through which second particles 143 can be removed along the transport direction 106 is formed between the jacket surface 132 and the separation tube 141.
- the separation tube 141 has an annular channel 1101 for a transport fluid 1104, which extends along the transport direction 106.
- the annular channel 1101 has at least one inner opening 1103, through which the transport fluid 1104 can flow into the inner channel 1106 in the direction of flow.
- the inner opening 1103 is designed in particular such that the transport fluid 1104 with a directional component in
- Circumferential direction 108 can flow in.
- a suction effect is thus generated into the interior of the separation tube 141, so that smaller particles 142 can be sucked into the separation tube 141 after the interaction region 103.
- the transport fluid 1104 can flow in in the tangential direction inside the separation tube 141.
- the annular channel 1101 has a connection for the inflow of the transport fluid
- a transport fluid can be introduced into the annular channel at one end of the housing 130 opposite the nozzle device 100.
- the annular channel 1101 has at least one outer opening 1102 through which the transport fluid 1104 can flow into the outer channel 1107 in the flow direction 106, the outer opening 1102 being designed in particular such that the transport fluid 1104 with a
- Directional component can flow in in the circumferential direction 108.
- the separation tube 141 thus protrudes against the transport direction 106 into the cooling channel 131.
- the separation tube 14 or the immersion tube can be a double-walled hollow body, for example a cylindrical shape
- At least one deflection element which deflects the transport fluid 1104 due to its angled or curved surface, can be designed with at least one component opening (control opening or control slot) running radially inward or radially outward.
- component opening control opening or control slot
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019105163.0A DE102019105163B3 (de) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Plasmadüse und Plasmavorrichtung |
PCT/EP2020/054324 WO2020173782A1 (de) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-19 | Plasmadüse und plasmavorrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3930889A1 true EP3930889A1 (de) | 2022-01-05 |
Family
ID=69631604
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20706231.6A Pending EP3930889A1 (de) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-19 | Plasmadüse und plasmavorrichtung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3930889A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019105163B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020173782A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4127760A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1978-11-28 | Geotel, Inc. | Electrical plasma jet torch and electrode therefor |
CH607540A5 (de) * | 1976-02-16 | 1978-12-29 | Niklaus Mueller | |
AU1314083A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1983-10-13 | Roman Francis Arnoldy | Plasma melting apparatus |
US5707419A (en) * | 1995-08-15 | 1998-01-13 | Pegasus Refractory Materials, Inc. | Method of production of metal and ceramic powders by plasma atomization |
US6398125B1 (en) * | 2001-02-10 | 2002-06-04 | Nanotek Instruments, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the production of nanometer-sized powders |
US20030108459A1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-12 | L. W. Wu | Nano powder production system |
DE102006044906A1 (de) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-17 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plasmabrenner |
DE102007041329B4 (de) * | 2007-08-31 | 2016-06-30 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plasmabrenner mit axialer Pulvereindüsung |
RU2014128556A (ru) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-02-10 | Праксэйр С. Т. Текнолоджи, Инк. | Система и способ для использования экранированного плазменного напыления или экранированной инжекции жидкой суспензии в процессах суспензионного плазменного напыления |
US20160068395A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-10 | Luna Innovations Incorporated | Methods and Devices for the Synthesis of Metallofullerenes |
PT3116636T (pt) * | 2014-03-11 | 2020-10-19 | Tekna Plasma Systems Inc | Processo e aparelho para produzir partículas de pó por atomização de um material de alimentação com a forma de um elemento alongado |
DE102015004474B4 (de) * | 2015-04-08 | 2020-05-28 | Kai Klinder | Anlage zur Herstellung von Metallpulver mit definiertem Korngrößenspektrum |
US10995406B2 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2021-05-04 | Universities Space Research Association | In situ tailoring of material properties in 3D printed electronics |
US10349510B2 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-07-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for additively manufacturing components |
-
2019
- 2019-02-28 DE DE102019105163.0A patent/DE102019105163B3/de active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-19 WO PCT/EP2020/054324 patent/WO2020173782A1/de unknown
- 2020-02-19 EP EP20706231.6A patent/EP3930889A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020173782A1 (de) | 2020-09-03 |
DE102019105163B3 (de) | 2020-08-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3083107B1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum tiegelfreien schmelzen eines materials und zum zerstäuben des geschmolzenen materials zum herstellen von pulver | |
EP3204168B1 (de) | Zerstäuberdüse | |
DE69923360T2 (de) | Thermische Lichtbogenspritzpistole und ihre Gaskappe | |
DE10128565B4 (de) | Thermisches Plasmaspritzen mit auf einen Draht übertragenem Lichtbogen mit hoher Abscheidungsgeschwindigkeit und Vorrichtung | |
DE102008050184B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen | |
AT409235B (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von metallpulver | |
DE102017210202A1 (de) | Fluidreaktor | |
EP3515676B1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von pulverförmigen kunststoffen mit kugelförmiger struktur | |
EP2948269A1 (de) | Düse für das laser-pulver-auftragsschweissen | |
DE102018119194A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum herstellen von metallpulver und herstellungsverfahren dafür | |
WO2020104202A1 (de) | Radiale strömung über ein baufeld | |
DE102015107876A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zerstäuben von Schmelzen | |
EP2574408B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Austragen eines Kühlmediumstroms | |
DE10035622C2 (de) | Pulverbeschichtungskopf | |
DE102004034777B4 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Laserschweißen | |
WO2020173782A1 (de) | Plasmadüse und plasmavorrichtung | |
EP1939329B1 (de) | Bausatz zur Herstellung eines Prozessreaktors für die Ausbildung metallischer Schichten auf einem oder auf mehreren Substraten | |
DE102017103047A1 (de) | Aerosolverdampfer | |
DE102014205273B4 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Homogenisieren und/oder Dispergieren von Gütern | |
DE102018119209A1 (de) | Herstellungsvorrichtung für metallpulver und herstellungsverfahren dafür | |
AT413197B (de) | Düsenkopf für das aufbringen von in pulverform zugeführten materialien auf substrate | |
EP3189887A1 (de) | Kavitationsreaktor zum behandeln von fliessfähigen substanzen | |
DE212020000801U1 (de) | Gaseinlass-Struktur für Vorrichtungen zur schichtweisen Herstellung dreidimensionaler Objekte | |
DE102007060701A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Auffangen und Abscheiden von Partikeln hergestellt mittels eines thermischen Spritzverfahrens | |
WO2023104670A1 (de) | Partikelabscheider für eine additive fertigungsvorrichtung |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20210816 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20230731 |