EP3927543A1 - Vitre feuilletée à capteur de luminosité intégré et à élément optique holographique - Google Patents

Vitre feuilletée à capteur de luminosité intégré et à élément optique holographique

Info

Publication number
EP3927543A1
EP3927543A1 EP20702329.2A EP20702329A EP3927543A1 EP 3927543 A1 EP3927543 A1 EP 3927543A1 EP 20702329 A EP20702329 A EP 20702329A EP 3927543 A1 EP3927543 A1 EP 3927543A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
pane
holographic
incidence
circuit board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20702329.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gabor Varga
Michael Zeiss
Christian EFFERTZ
Doane Shelby CRAIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP3927543A1 publication Critical patent/EP3927543A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/0017—Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function
    • B60Q1/0023—Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function the element being a sensor, e.g. distance sensor, camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/14—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
    • B60Q1/1415—Dimming circuits
    • B60Q1/1423—Automatic dimming circuits, i.e. switching between high beam and low beam due to change of ambient light or light level in road traffic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G03H2001/0033—Adaptation of holography to specific applications in hologrammetry for measuring or analysing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite pane and in particular to a vehicle composite pane with an integrated light sensor, a method for its production and its use.
  • Customary light sensors are attached as add-on parts, in particular on the interior surface of the windshield, for example in the area of the rearview mirror.
  • a light sensor which is laminated into a windshield, that is to say is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane of the windshield, the panes being connected to one another by means of a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the light sensor is designed in the form of flip-chip photodiodes on a circuit board.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a further improved composite pane with an integrated light sensor, which is as simple and inexpensive to manufacture as possible, and wherein the integrated light sensor is characterized by a flat structure.
  • the composite pane according to the invention and in particular the vehicle composite pane according to the invention comprises at least - An outer pane and an inner pane, which are connected to one another via at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer and
  • a holographic-optical element is arranged between the light-sensitive surface and the outer pane and
  • the holographic-optical element as a hologram for the angle of incidence
  • the composite pane according to the invention with an integrated light sensor comprises at least one outer pane and one inner pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the terms outer pane and inner pane are freely chosen and only represent one direction with regard to incident light which hits the composite pane via the outer pane.
  • the composite pane is intended to separate a vehicle interior from an external environment.
  • the vehicle composite pane is therefore a window pane which is inserted into a window opening in the vehicle body or is intended for this purpose.
  • the vehicle window according to the invention is in particular a windshield, roof window or rear window of a motor vehicle.
  • the inner pane denotes that pane which, in the installed position, faces the interior of the vehicle.
  • the outer pane denotes that pane which, in the installed position, faces the external surroundings of the vehicle.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is typically formed from at least one thermoplastic film.
  • That surface of the respective pane which faces the external environment of the vehicle in the installed position is referred to as the outside surface. That surface of the respective pane which in the installed position faces the interior of the vehicle is called the interior-side surface designated.
  • the interior surface of the outer pane is connected to the outer surface of the inner pane via the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the outside surface of the outside pane is referred to as "side I"
  • the inside surface of the outside pane as "side II”
  • the outside surface of the inside pane as "side in”
  • inside surface of the inside pane as "side IV”.
  • the invention further comprises a light sensor comprising:
  • the holographic-optical element is designed as a hologram for the angle of incidence-dependent diffraction of incident light.
  • the invention further comprises a single pane with a light sensor, comprising:
  • At least one light sensor with at least one light-sensitive surface which is arranged on an inner side II of the outer pane
  • a holographic-optical element is arranged between the light-sensitive surface and the outer pane and
  • the holographic-optical element is designed as a hologram for the angle of incidence-dependent diffraction of incident light.
  • the outer pane is equivalent to the individual pane here.
  • the light sensor according to the invention has exactly one light-sensitive surface. This means that the light-sensitive surface of an individual light sensor is no longer segmented and that the measurement signal that is output by the light sensor summarizes the amount of light that strikes the light-sensitive surface. Such light sensors are particularly inexpensive and easy to evaluate the electrical signal.
  • the light sensor according to the invention has a plurality of light-sensitive areas or a light-sensitive area which is segmented into a plurality of partial areas. This means that different electrical signals can be assigned to different areas of the light-sensitive surface.
  • Such light sensors already provide spatially resolved information on incident light rays and can better differentiate between them.
  • the light-sensitive area is not a mathematical area, but a light-sensitive layer with a certain layer thickness, which, however, is usually significantly less than its lateral extent.
  • the light-sensitive surface of the light sensor according to the invention faces the outer pane. This means that only light which enters the composite pane via the outer pane can reach the light-sensitive surface of the light sensor and the light sensor only reacts to this light.
  • the photosensitive surface is completely covered with a protective layer which protects the exposed surface of the photosensitive surface from mechanical and chemical damage, for example from moisture.
  • the protective layer is transparent or sufficiently transparent for the detection wavelength range of the light sensor. This means, advantageously, that the transmission for the wavelength range for which the light sensor is technically designed, is more than 20%, preferably more than 50%, particularly preferably more than 70% and in particular more than 90%.
  • the protective layer is arranged on the side of the light sensor facing the outer pane and directly on the light-sensitive surface. It goes without saying that the protective layer at least completely covers the light-sensitive surface, but can also protrude beyond the light-sensitive surface, which is the rule. In the following, the protective layer is regarded as part of the light sensor or as part of the light-sensitive surface.
  • a holographic-optical element is arranged between the light-sensitive surface and the outer pane.
  • Holographic-optical elements are those optical elements whose functional principle is based on holography. Instead of the geometric shape of a light transmitting or reflecting object, e.g. In the case of lenses or mirrors, holographic optical elements change the light in the beam path through the information stored in a hologram.
  • the information stored in the hologram is usually stored as a change in the refractive index.
  • the holograms used are usually not produced as an image of real objects, but rather as a superposition of various flat or spherical light waves, the interference pattern of which causes the desired optical effect.
  • the holographic optical elements are based on the action of planar diffractive structures.
  • Such holographic-optical elements can, for example, deflect or bend the light for a certain angle of incidence range, but be completely transparent for another range of angles of incidence or direct it in a different direction.
  • holographic-optical elements lies, in addition to their diverse optical functional properties, in their low thickness and film like texture that allows the elements to be manufactured easily and inexpensively and to be laminated into a composite pane.
  • the composite pane according to the invention allows the direction of incidence of light with respect to the outer pane of the composite pane to be determined by skillfully utilizing the functional properties of the holographic-optical element.
  • the holographic optical element according to the invention is designed in such a way that it directs light incident on the outer pane at least in sections onto the light-sensitive surface under a first angle of incidence range alpha and at least in sections and preferably completely next to the light-sensitive surface under a second angle of incidence range beta directs.
  • the first angle of incidence range alpha includes all angles of incidence phi from 0 ° to 60 °, preferably from 0 ° to 45 ° and in particular from 10 ° to 30 ° and / or the second angle of incidence range beta includes all angles of incidence phi from -90 ° to 0 °, preferably from -60 ° to -5 ° and in particular from -30 ° to -10 °.
  • the holographic-optical element is arranged directly on the light sensor and / or on the surface II of the outer pane on the inside. It goes without saying that the holographic-optical element can at the same time have direct contact with the light sensor and the interior surface II of the outer pane arranged above it.
  • the holographic-optical element according to the invention is arranged directly above the light-sensitive surface, ie the holographic-optical element is at least completely in the area of the orthogonal projection of the light-sensitive surface onto the Outer pane arranged.
  • the holographic optical element at least completely covers the light-sensitive surface with respect to an orthogonal incidence of light on the outer pane. It goes without saying that the holographic-optical element can protrude beyond the light-sensitive surface on one, several or all sides (in the projection).
  • the holographic-optical element according to the invention is designed like a film.
  • the thickness d of the holographic-optical element is advantageously from 10 ⁇ m to 10,000 ⁇ m, preferably from 10 ⁇ m to 10,000 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 50 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m and in particular from 100 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the invention contains
  • Laminated pane at least two, preferably exactly two or exactly four light sensors.
  • the invention contains
  • Laminated pane four light sensors with four differently oriented holographic-optical elements can also be designed as four different functional areas of one or two holographic-optical elements.
  • the composite pane has a first arrangement of two light sensors, the holographic-optical element or the holographic-optical elements of which have functionally opposite angle of incidence ranges, and the composite pane also has a second arrangement with two light sensors, the holographic-optical element or the holographic optical elements of which have functionally opposite angle of incidence ranges and the first arrangement is arranged orthogonally to the second arrangement.
  • the light sensor or sensors are arranged on at least one printed circuit board, preferably on at least one flexible printed circuit board, and are contacted with conductor tracks thereon. This enables the light sensors to be easily connected to the corresponding evaluation electronics in the vehicle.
  • the evaluation and control electronics can automatically control the switching status of the headlights, for example. This increases the comfort for the driver, who no longer has to manually switch the headlights on and off. Further applications are, for example, the automatic electrical switching of the transmission properties of the entire pane or a pane area and the brightness control of display elements in the vehicle interior.
  • SMD components are particularly suitable because of their small dimensions.
  • SMD stands for the term surface-mounted device (surface-mounted component).
  • SMD components have no wire connections, but are soldered directly onto the circuit board using solderable connection surfaces.
  • Conventional components have to be passed through assembly holes and have to be soldered on the back of the circuit board. This does not apply to SMD components.
  • This enables very dense assemblies, which reduces the space requirement. In terms of process technology, there is no need to drill holes in the circuit board. By eliminating connecting wires and smaller components, weight is reduced.
  • the SMD technology is also particularly suitable for automated assembly (automated pick-up and placement of light sensors, automated soldering), which is particularly advantageous for industrial mass production.
  • SMD light sensors typically have a housing, in particular a plastic housing, around the actual chip. Alternatively, so-called flip-chip light sensors can be used.
  • Light sensors also known as photodetectors, optical detectors or optoelectronic sensors, are electronic components that convert light, in particular using the photoelectric effect, into an electrical signal or exhibit an electrical resistance that is dependent on the incident radiation. In optoelectronics and also in the context of the present invention, the term light relates not only to visible light, but also to invisible infrared light and ultraviolet radiation.
  • photodiodes are preferably used, which are sensitive in the visible spectral range.
  • the spectral sensitivity distribution should advantageously be matched to that of the human eye so that the measured amount of light corresponds as closely as possible to the amount of light perceived by the vehicle occupants. Unwanted switching processes, which are caused by radiation that is not perceived as relevant by humans, can be avoided.
  • An advantageous adaptation is given when the photodiode has a sensitivity in the entire spectral range between 500 nm and 600 nm which corresponds to at least 50% of its maximum sensitivity, preferably at least 60%.
  • the maximum sensitivity should be in the range from 450 nm to 600 nm, in particular in the range from 490 nm to 570 nm.
  • the sensitivity can also be referred to as detection efficiency and can be quantified as the proportion of detected photons in the total number of photons hitting the photodiode of the respective Wavelength.
  • the desired spectral sensitivity is ideally influenced by the type of active material of the photodiode. Alternatively, however, an optical filter can also be used in order to achieve the desired spectral sensitivity, for example a filter film arranged on the outside of the photodiode. It goes without saying that this film is understood as part of the photodiode or the protective layer.
  • the circuit board can also be referred to as a circuit board, printed circuit board (PCB). It is used for mechanical fastening and electrical Connection of the photodiodes arranged on it.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • Printed circuit boards consist of electrically insulating material, in particular plastic, with conductive connections (conductor tracks) adhering to them. The conductor tracks can have local widenings that serve as soldering surfaces for the components.
  • the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, also known as a flexible circuit board.
  • Such circuit boards are formed from flexible, bendable polymer films, for example polyimide films. They have a thickness of preferably less than 0.38 mm and greater than 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 120 ⁇ m to 180 ⁇ m. This achieves particularly good results with regard to flexibility on the one hand and stability on the other. Due to the flexibility and small thickness, flexible printed circuit boards are particularly suitable for being laminated into a composite pane, in particular a curved composite pane.
  • the light sensors are SMD components
  • an SMD circuit board is expediently used.
  • the circuit board can be arranged directly on one of the panes, in particular with the side facing away from the light sensor on the outside surface of the inner pane. It has been shown that the presence of the localized circuit board does not lead to a significant reduction in the stability of the laminate.
  • the circuit board can also be sandwiched between two thermoplastic layers, i.e. be arranged between two layers of the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the circuit board has at least two connection surfaces for external electrical contacting (for example anode and cathode). These connection surfaces are used to connect the circuit board to external evaluation and control electronics via connection cables in order to feed the current pulse generated by the light sensor to the evaluation and control electronics.
  • the connection surfaces are preferably contacted with a flat conductor (also called a flat strip conductor or foil conductor), comprising an electrically conductive foil and an optional, polymeric sheathing, which must of course have a recess at the connection point.
  • a flat conductor is preferably connected to the connection points of the printed circuit board, for example via a solder compound or an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • a multi-pole flat conductor is preferably used, each pole being connected to a connection surface. Alternatively, however, a separate flat conductor can also be used for each connection surface.
  • the flat conductor preferably has a plug connector (plug or coupling) for connection to further cables of the on-board electrical system.
  • the circuit board is preferably arranged completely in the interior of the composite pane and is in contact with a flat conductor which extends beyond the side edge out of the composite pane.
  • the circuit board is contacted with the flat conductor before the composite pane is manufactured, in which case the circuit board is then arranged in the composite stack in such a way that it is arranged completely within the surface of the panes.
  • the circuit board can also extend from the interior of the laminated pane beyond its side edges, the light sensors being arranged inside the laminated pane and the connection surfaces for the connecting cable outside the laminated pane.
  • the circuit board can then be contacted with the connection cable after the composite pane has been manufactured.
  • the composite pane with the integrated light sensor can be sold without a connection cable to the vehicle manufacturer, who then makes the contact before installing the composite pane.
  • the flat conductor can also be connected to the circuit board beforehand and the composite pane with an integrated light sensor can be provided together with the connected flat conductor.
  • Circuit board and flat conductor with plug connector can also be designed in one piece, so that the flat conductor is, as it were, an integral part of the circuit board with a common polymeric sheath.
  • Such a printed circuit board has procedural advantages because the flat conductor does not have to be soldered to the connection surfaces of the printed circuit board in the manufacture of the composite pane.
  • That side edge over which the circuit board or a flat conductor connected to it extends out of the composite pane is referred to in the context of the invention as that side edge to which the circuit board or the light sensor is assigned.
  • several light sensors are arranged on a printed circuit board, preferably at least two, particularly preferably four light sensors. A better spatial resolution of the direction of radiation of the detected light can be achieved by using several light sensors.
  • the distance between adjacent light sensors is at most 3 cm, preferably at most 2 cm, for example from 1 cm to 2 cm.
  • the circuit board has a maximum width of at least 15 cm, preferably at least 20 cm.
  • the width is the extension essentially parallel to the side edge to which the light sensor is assigned.
  • the maximum width is the largest width that occurs along the entire length of the circuit board if the width is not constant.
  • the circuit board preferably has at least one section with a width of at least 15 cm, particularly preferably at least 20 cm.
  • the circuit board has an end section and a feed section, the feed section having a smaller width than the end section.
  • the light sensors are arranged in the end section and the connection surfaces for the connection cable in the feed line section, in particular in the vicinity of the end of the feed line section facing away from the end section.
  • the lead section has a smaller distance to associated side edge on than the end portion and preferably extends beyond this side edge out of the composite pane.
  • Such a circuit board is, for example, T-shaped, with the transverse bar (corresponds to the end section) facing away from the associated side edge.
  • the feed line section preferably has a length of 1 cm to 12 cm, particularly preferably 2 cm to 8 cm.
  • the feed section preferably has a width of 2 cm to 15 cm, particularly preferably 3 cm to 10 cm.
  • the end section preferably has a length of 0.5 cm to 3 cm, particularly preferably 1 cm to 2 cm.
  • the end section preferably has a width of 15 cm to 40 cm, particularly preferably 20 cm to 30 cm.
  • the circuit board can also be designed rectangular. It can then also be divided into an end section with the light sensors and a lead section with the electrical contacts, although the lead and end sections have the same width.
  • the composite pane comprises several light sensors, that is to say several printed circuit boards, each with at least one photodiode.
  • this offers the advantage of redundancy: if one light sensor fails, functionality can still be ensured by the other light sensor or sensors.
  • the presence of several light sensors distributed over the laminated pane enables a distinction between a local, approximately point-shaped radiation source such as a street lamp and the ambient light. In this way, misinterpretations by the evaluation and control electronics can be avoided. For example, it can be avoided that a street lamp is misinterpreted as bright ambient light and that the vehicle lighting is switched off at night as a result.
  • the directional dependency of the incident radiation can be determined by comparing the intensities that are measured by the various light sensors.
  • the direction of incidence of the detected light can be determined in the entire half-space above the outer pane. This can be used to determine the current position of the sun, for example.
  • the width of each light sensor is less than 2 mm.
  • the width is understood to mean the maximum lateral extent in a plane parallel to the circuit board. This means that the light sensors can be inconspicuously integrated into the composite pane. Any necessary holes in a masking print behind which the light sensor is to be hidden can be made small and inconspicuous.
  • the height of the light sensors is preferably less than 0.7 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.6 mm. The light sensors can then be integrated into the composite pane using the standard thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer of 0.76 mm.
  • the inner pane and the outer pane are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably soda-lime glass, which has proven itself for window glasses.
  • the panes can also consist of other types of glass, for example borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass.
  • the panes can in principle alternatively be made of plastic, in particular polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). It goes without saying that the composite pane can also have a glass pane and a plastic pane.
  • the thickness of the panes can vary widely and can therefore be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
  • the thicknesses of the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably from 0.5 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably from 1 mm to 5 mm, very particularly preferably from 1.2 mm to 3 mm.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane or the intermediate layer can be clear and colorless, but also tinted, cloudy or colored.
  • the total transmission through In a preferred embodiment, the composite pane is greater than 70%, in particular if the composite pane is a windshield.
  • the term overall transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmission of motor vehicle windows specified by ECE-R 43, Annex 3, Section 9.1.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can consist of non-toughened, partially toughened or toughened glass.
  • the vehicle composite pane is preferably curved in one or more directions of the space, as is customary for motor vehicle windows, typical radii of curvature being in the range from approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m.
  • the laminated glass can also be flat, for example if it is provided as an architectural pane, for example in building glazing, or as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.
  • the intermediate layer contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB.
  • the intermediate layer is formed from at least one thermoplastic film.
  • the thickness of a thermoplastic film is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
  • the intermediate layer can also be formed from what is known as an acoustic film, which has a noise-damping effect.
  • Such films typically consist of at least three layers, the middle layer having a higher plasticity or elasticity than the outer layers surrounding it, for example as a result of a different proportion of plasticizers.
  • the circuit board is preferably arranged in a non-transparent area of the laminated glass pane, so that it is not or hardly visible. In this area the view through is prevented by an opaque element. In the vehicle sector, opaque masking prints on one or both panes are common for this. Alternatively, however, the view can also be, for example, through a colored thermoplastic film of the intermediate layer or an opaque one Insert element are prevented.
  • the opaque element is preferably arranged on the interior side of the light sensor, that is to say has a smaller distance from the interior or from the interior surface of the inner pane than the light sensor. Then the light sensor is not visible from the inside, while light can fall on it from the outside so that it can fulfill its function.
  • opaque elements are attached in front of and behind the printed circuit board in the viewing direction, that is to say one opaque element on the inside and one on the outside of the light sensor.
  • the circuit board is then neither visible from the outside nor from the inside. So that the light sensor can fulfill its function, the opaque element must of course have recesses at the location of the light sensors, because otherwise a detection of light would not be possible.
  • An opaque element arranged on the interior side of the light sensor is preferably implemented by a cover print on the inner pane, an opaque element arranged on the outside of the light sensor by a cover print on the outer pane. Cover prints are common for vehicle windows outside the central field of vision, in order to conceal add-on parts or to protect the adhesive with which the vehicle window is connected to the body from UV radiation.
  • the masking print typically consists of a black or dark enamel applied by screen printing and burned in.
  • circuit board may also be desired not to cover the circuit board with a masking print so that it is visible from the outside. This increases the manufacturing tolerances in particular because the circuit board does not have to be positioned so precisely in order to be exactly overlaid with any cutouts in the black print.
  • the light sensor can be combined, for example, with a rain sensor, in particular a capacitive rain sensor, which determines the presence of moisture on the pane on the basis of a change in capacitance of at least one electrode.
  • the conductive structures used as electrodes can for example be arranged on the circuit board or on the inner pane.
  • the rain sensor and the light sensor are preferably arranged in spatial proximity to one another or spatially superimposed, whereby a space-saving combined sensor element can be realized.
  • the invention further comprises a method for producing a vehicle composite window with an integrated light sensor.
  • an outer pane, an inner pane, at least one thermoplastic film and at least one light sensor located on a circuit board are arranged as a stack, so that the film and the light sensor are arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane.
  • the two panes and the film or films between them are of course arranged flat and essentially congruent one above the other.
  • the circuit board with the light sensors is placed in an area of this stack.
  • the stack is then subjected to the usual processes for producing composite panes.
  • the outer pane is connected to the inner pane by lamination via a thermoplastic intermediate layer which is formed from the at least one thermoplastic film during the process.
  • the circuit board is preferably connected beforehand to a flat conductor and only then arranged in the stack. It is preferably arranged in such a way that the circuit board is arranged completely within the surface of the panes and the flat conductor extends beyond their side edges.
  • the connection between the flat conductor and the connection surfaces of the circuit board can be made, for example, by soldering or using an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • the panes are then one before lamination Bending process subjected, for example by gravity bending, suction bending and / or press bending. Typical bending temperatures are from 500 ° C to 700 ° C.
  • An opaque cover print is preferably applied to the edge area of the outer pane and the inner pane before lamination and before the optional bending.
  • a black or dark enamel is typically applied by screen printing and burned in before lamination, in particular before bending or during bending.
  • the circuit board can be placed directly on one of the panes, in particular with the side facing away from the light sensors on the outside surface of the inner pane. All foils of the intermediate layer are then arranged on one side of the circuit board. Alternatively, the circuit board can also be inserted between two thermoplastic films which sandwich the circuit board.
  • thermoplastic film that has not been further pretreated can be used.
  • the heated, flowable thermoplastic material flows into the spaces around the light sensors and the circuit board, so that a stable bond is ensured.
  • thermoplastic film or at least one thermoplastic film when using several films
  • the thermoplastic film is provided with holes or depressions before lamination.
  • the size, position and arrangement of these holes or depressions are matched to the light sensor or sensors. This means that the lateral dimensions of the holes or depressions essentially correspond to the dimensions of the light sensors or are slightly larger, in particular are at most 150% or at most 120% of the dimensions of the light sensors.
  • the position of the holes or depressions corresponds to the desired positioning of the light sensor in the composite pane to be manufactured.
  • the relative arrangement of the holes or depressions to one another corresponds to the relative arrangement of the light sensors to one another, provided that several light sensors are used. Holes and depressions, on the one hand, and light sensors, on the other hand, are thus, as it were, in a key-keyhole relationship to one another.
  • the light sensors are inserted into the holes or depressions.
  • the light sensors are effectively embedded in the intermediate layer.
  • the position of the light sensors is fixed during production, which is advantageous in terms of mass production.
  • the holes or depressions can be created directly before lamination.
  • the foils with the defined holes or depressions can also be prepared in large numbers or even obtained in this form from the foil supplier.
  • the film can be provided with through holes. If the film has a thickness that is greater than the height of the light sensors, an actually undesirable cavity remains. This can optionally be filled, for example, through small cutouts in the thermoplastic film. It is even more advantageous because it is simpler in terms of process technology to provide the film with depressions instead of through holes, the depth of which essentially corresponds to the height of the light sensors. The undesired cavity is thus avoided without the need for rework.
  • the depressions are introduced, for example, by punching.
  • the invention also includes the use of a composite pane according to the invention with an integrated light sensor as a vehicle pane, preferably in vehicles on water, on land or in the air, and particularly preferably as a windshield, rear window or roof window of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car.
  • the at least one light sensor is preferably connected to evaluation and control electronics of the vehicle.
  • one or more of the following switching states can be controlled, for example:
  • the switching status of the vehicle lighting (in particular headlights, tail lights and side marker lights): if the value falls below a predetermined threshold, the lighting is switched on; if the predetermined threshold is exceeded, the lighting is switched off.
  • the transmission properties of a region of the composite pane which is equipped with an electrically switchable or controllable functional element is, in particular, a switchable or controllable glare protection in the upper third of the pane (also known as a shaded band).
  • the switching state can be regulated as a function of the absolute amount of ambient light or also as a function of the position of the sun, which results from a location-dependent measurement with several photodiodes or light sensor elements. Anti-glare protection is particularly necessary when the sun is low.
  • the controllable functional element can be, for example, an SPD element (suspended particle device) or an LC element (liquid crystal) or an electrochromic element.
  • the intensity (brightness) of display elements in the vehicle interior for example LED display elements or OLED display elements or projections with HUD technology.
  • the display elements are, for example, warning lights or information displays, in particular in the form of pictograms or in alphanumeric representation.
  • FIG. 1A shows a plan view of an embodiment of the vehicle composite pane according to the invention
  • Fig. 1B shows a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A ‘through the vehicle laminated pane from Fig. 1A,
  • FIG. 2A shows a simplified illustration of section Z from FIG. 1A of an exemplary embodiment with four light sensors according to the invention
  • FIG. 2B shows a simplified illustration of section Z from FIG. 1A of a further configuration example with four light sensors according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B each show a detail of a composite pane 100 according to the invention with an integrated light sensor 4 using the example of a vehicle composite pane.
  • the composite pane 100 is composed of an outer pane 1 (with an outside surface I and an interior surface II) and an inner pane 2 (with an outside surface III and an interior surface IV), which are flatly connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.
  • the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2 consist for example of soda-lime glass and have a thickness of 2.1 mm, for example.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is formed from a 0.76 mm thick film made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • the composite pane 100 is provided, for example, as a windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the composite pane can also be another vehicle pane, for example a roof pane.
  • the composite pane 100 is equipped with two light sensors 4 and, for example, with two photodiodes 4.
  • each photodiode 4 has a light-sensitive surface 4.1 on one side and soldering connections 4.5 on the opposite side, via which the photodiode 4 can be electrically contacted.
  • the photodiodes 4 have further components not shown here in detail, such as a housing in which a light-sensitive semiconductor chip is arranged, one surface of which forms the light-sensitive area 4.1.
  • the light-sensitive surface 4.1 is usually covered by a transparent protective layer and protected from mechanical or chemical damage, for example from moisture.
  • the protective layer can for example consist of a thin layer of silicon oxide or silicon nitride.
  • the photodiodes 4 are arranged on a common flexible printed circuit board 5, which is arranged, for example, in the center of the laminated pane 100 and in the region of the upper edge O. It goes without saying that one or more light sensors 4 can also be arranged at different points on the laminated pane 100, for example in the area of the corners of the laminated pane 100 and / or on the side edges or on the lower edge U.
  • the circuit board 5 is completely within the laminated pane arranged. It rests directly on the outside surface III of the inner pane 2 and is connected to the outer pane 1 via the intermediate layer 3. It has two electrical connection surfaces (not shown), each of which is soldered to one pole of a two-pole flat conductor as a connection cable 6.
  • connection cable 6 extends out of the composite beyond the upper edge O.
  • the connection cable 6 is used to electrically connect the printed circuit board 5 via further connection cables (typically round cables) to evaluation and control electronics as part of the vehicle's on-board electronics.
  • the evaluation and control electronics analyze the signals from the photodiodes 4 - for example, the evaluation and control electronics can switch the vehicle lighting on or off depending on the amount of spatially resolved ambient light determined by the photodiodes 4, regulate a darkening (not shown here) or control the air conditioning.
  • the system can distinguish between the ambient light, which is measured by all light sensors 4 with essentially the same intensity, and a local light source such as a street lamp or solar radiation, which is measured by the distributed light sensors 4 with greatly different intensities .
  • a local light source such as a street lamp or solar radiation
  • the additional angular resolution according to the invention of the light sensors 4 according to the invention with holographic-optical elements 11 allows conclusions to be drawn about the exact direction of incidence of the light source.
  • SMD photodiodes of the type APDS-9005 from Avago Technologies are suitable as light sensors 4. They advantageously have small dimensions (height 0.55 mm, width 1.6 mm, depth 1.5 mm) and a spectral sensitivity distribution that closely mimics that of the human eye.
  • the maximum sensitivity is around 500 nm, and in the entire range from 500 nm to 600 nm, the sensitivity is more than 60% of the maximum value at 500 nm. This ensures that the amount of light measured by the light sensor also corresponds to that classified as relevant by humans .
  • the printed circuit board 5 is a flexible printed circuit board, comprising a polyimide film approximately 150 ⁇ m thick and printed conductors. All photodiodes 4 of the circuit board are arranged here, for example, in the end section, while the feed line section is used to connect to the connection cable 6. At the end of the supply line section, two connection surfaces (not shown) are arranged which correspond to the two poles of the system on conductor tracks and which are each soldered to one pole of the two-pole connection cable 6. As is customary for windshields, the composite pane 100 has a frame-like, opaque cover print 7.
  • the cover print 7 is designed, for example, as a printed and burned-in black enamel on the surfaces II of the outer pane 1 on the inside.
  • the printed circuit boards 5 are arranged in the area of the cover print 7 so that they are not visible either from the outside or from the inside.
  • the outer cover print 7 on the outer pane 1 has holes at the locations of the photodiodes 4 or the holographic-optical elements 11, so that light can fall on the photodiodes 4 and the light sensors 4 can fulfill their function.
  • the composite pane 100 has a left light sensor 4 using the example of a photodiode 4 and a right light sensor 4 ′′ using the example of a photodiode 4 ′′.
  • the holographic-optical element 11.1 which is assigned to the left light sensor 4, is a right-directed holographic-optical element 11.1. It is designed in such a way that it diffracts light R which hits the holographic optical element 11.1 (or the outer pane 1) from the right in such a way that it is deflected past the light-sensitive surface 4.1 of the light sensor 4 '. This is done, for example, for light from all angles of incidence phi from an angle of incidence range beta of -90 ° to 0 °.
  • the angle of incidence phi is determined with respect to the orthogonals of the holographic-optical element 11.1 (which, due to the layer structure of the composite pane 100 made up of essentially parallel layers, also corresponds to the orthogonals of the outer pane 1 of the composite pane 100). This means that all light with an angle of incidence phi of -90 ° to 0 ° is not detected by the light-sensitive surface 4.1 of the light sensor 4 ‘.
  • the angle system is related to the "direction" of the holographic-optical element. This means that angles of incidence phi, which describe light R from the direction of incidence from the right in the case of a right-directed holographic-optical element 11.1, are counted positively based on the orthogonal and describe the first angle of incidence range alpha. Angle of incidence phi, which at a Right-directed holographic-optical element 11.1 describe light L from the direction of incidence from the left, are counted negatively starting from the orthogonal and describe the second angle of incidence range beta.
  • light L which strikes the holographic-optical element 11.1 (or the outer pane 1) from the left is diffracted in such a way that it strikes the light-sensitive surface 4.1 of the light sensor 4 'partially or completely.
  • light from all angles of incidence phi from an angle of incidence range alpha of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the orthogonals of the holographic-optical element 11.1 can be at least partially directed onto the light-sensitive surface 4.1 of the light sensor 4 ‘and detected there.
  • Due to a suitable design of the holographic optical element 11.1 the size of the illuminated portion of the light-sensitive surface 4.1 depends on the angle of incidence phi.
  • both the sensitivity of the light-sensitive surface 4.1 can be directed to a first angle of incidence range alpha and the angular resolution in the first angle of incidence range alpha can be significantly increased.
  • the second, right light sensor 4 ′′ has a mirrored function to the left light sensor 4 ‘. This means that the direction of the angle of incidence phi and thus the angle of incidence ranges alpha and beta are interchanged.
  • the holographic optical element 11.2, which is assigned to the right light sensor 4 ′′, is a left-directed holographic optical element 11.2. It is designed in such a way that it diffracts light L which hits the holographic-optical element 11.2 (or the outer pane 1) from the left in such a way that it is deflected past the light-sensitive surface 4.1 of the light sensor 4 ′′.
  • light from all angles of incidence phi from an angle of incidence range alpha from 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the orthogonals of the holographic-optical element 11.2 can be at least partially directed onto the light-sensitive surface 4.1 of the light sensor 4 ′′ and detected there.
  • the size of the illuminated portion of the light-sensitive surface 4.1 depends on the angle of incidence phi, whereby the angular resolution in the first angle of incidence range alpha is significantly increased.
  • FIG. 2A shows an application example with four light sensors 4, 4 “, 4‘ “, 4" "using the example of four photodiodes 4‘, 4 “, 4‘ “, 4" “according to an area Z from FIG. 1A.
  • the photodiodes 4 ‘, 4", 4 ‘", 4 “” are arranged symmetrically on a circuit board 5.
  • the photodiodes 4 ', 4 “, 4'", 4 “” form two arrangements (or pairs of two), each corresponding to the arrangement from Figure 1B, the first arrangement from the pair of photodiodes 4 'and 4 " and the second arrangement consists of the pair of photodiodes 4 '"and 4" ".
  • the photodiodes 4 and 4 ′′ are constructed with mirror symmetry in terms of their characteristics with regard to light diffraction. The same applies to the photodiodes 4 "and 4" "of the second arrangement. Furthermore, the two arrangements are arranged orthogonally to one another with regard to their light diffraction characteristics. With the aid of a suitable evaluation of the electrical signals, a structure of this type enables a precise location of light irradiation within a hemispherical spatial element around the outer pane 1.
  • FIG. 2B shows a modification of the configuration example from FIG. 2A.
  • the photodiodes 4 ', 4 ", 4'", 4 “” are freely arranged on a circuit board 5. This is particularly advantageous if further sensors or actuators, not shown here, are to be arranged on the circuit board 5 or the circuit board 5 has a particularly irregular shape due to the technical conditions.
  • the structure corresponds to the structure from FIG. 2A, with the photodiodes 4 ′ and 4 ′′ in the first arrangement not being arranged in a line, but rather offset from one another. The same applies to the 4 '"and 4""photodiodes.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a laminated pane 100 with an integrated light sensor 4 with the following exemplary method steps:
  • PCB printed circuit board

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une vitre feuilletée (100) et en particulier une vitre feuilletée de véhicule (100) à capteur de luminosité (4) intégré, laquelle comprend : une vitre extérieure (1) et une vitre intérieure (2) qui sont reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une couche intermédiaire (3) thermoplastique et au moins un capteur de luminosité (4) ayant une surface photosensible (4.1), qui est disposé entre la vitre extérieure (1) et la vitre intérieure (2), la surface photosensible (4.1) faisant face à la vitre extérieure (1), un élément optique holographique (11) étant disposé entre la surface photosensible (4.1) et la vitre extérieure (1) et l'élément optique holographique (11) se présentant sous forme d'hologramme pour diffracter la lumière incidente (L, R) en fonction de l'angle d'incidence.
EP20702329.2A 2019-02-21 2020-02-05 Vitre feuilletée à capteur de luminosité intégré et à élément optique holographique Pending EP3927543A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP19158506 2019-02-21
PCT/EP2020/052791 WO2020169339A1 (fr) 2019-02-21 2020-02-05 Vitre feuilletée à capteur de luminosité intégré et à élément optique holographique

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US (1) US11919275B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3927543A1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2022521402A (fr)
KR (1) KR102663942B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111836717A (fr)
BR (1) BR112021013634A2 (fr)
MA (1) MA55004A (fr)
MX (1) MX2021010140A (fr)
PE (1) PE20212004A1 (fr)
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WO (1) WO2020169339A1 (fr)

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US20220396125A1 (en) * 2019-09-23 2022-12-15 Central Glass Company, Limited Vehicle glazing
FR3144544A1 (fr) * 2022-12-28 2024-07-05 Saint-Gobain Glass France Toit vitré illuminable de véhicule
FR3144555A1 (fr) * 2022-12-28 2024-07-05 Saint-Gobain Glass France Dispositif avec vitrage feuilleté de véhicule et une caméra
WO2024199915A1 (fr) * 2023-03-27 2024-10-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Élément de vitrage éclairé avec élément holographique diffractif pour couplage en lumière

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US20220136893A1 (en) 2022-05-05
RU2765733C1 (ru) 2022-02-02
MX2021010140A (es) 2021-09-23
CN111836717A (zh) 2020-10-27
JP2022521402A (ja) 2022-04-07
JP2023145431A (ja) 2023-10-11
KR20210116583A (ko) 2021-09-27
US11919275B2 (en) 2024-03-05
MA55004A (fr) 2021-12-29
WO2020169339A1 (fr) 2020-08-27
KR102663942B1 (ko) 2024-05-08
JP7554317B2 (ja) 2024-09-19
PE20212004A1 (es) 2021-10-18

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