WO2021197949A1 - Procédé de production d'une vitre composite présentant propriété optique pouvant être commandée électriquement - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'une vitre composite présentant propriété optique pouvant être commandée électriquement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021197949A1
WO2021197949A1 PCT/EP2021/057515 EP2021057515W WO2021197949A1 WO 2021197949 A1 WO2021197949 A1 WO 2021197949A1 EP 2021057515 W EP2021057515 W EP 2021057515W WO 2021197949 A1 WO2021197949 A1 WO 2021197949A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic layer
functional element
pane
conductor
conductor wires
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/057515
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robin SPANJERS
Francois HERMANGE
Bernhard Reul
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to CN202180001709.1A priority Critical patent/CN113767010A/zh
Publication of WO2021197949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021197949A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10183—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B17/10192—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions patterned in the form of columns or grids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10504—Liquid crystal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2479/00—Furniture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a composite pane with an electrically controllable optical property, a composite pane and a use of the composite pane.
  • Composite panes consist of at least one outer pane, one inner pane and an adhesive intermediate layer that connects the outer pane with the inner pane over a large area.
  • Typical intermediate layers are polyvinyl butyral films which, in addition to their adhesive properties, have high toughness and high acoustic damping.
  • the intermediate layer prevents the laminated glass pane from disintegrating in the event of damage.
  • the composite pane only gets cracks, but remains dimensionally stable.
  • Composite panes with electrically controllable optical properties are known from the prior art. Such composite panes contain a functional element which typically contains an active layer between two surface electrodes. The optical properties of the active layer can be changed by a voltage applied to the surface electrodes.
  • An example of this are electrochromic functional elements, which are known, for example, from US 20120026573 A1 and WO 2012007334 A1.
  • SPD Small Particle Device
  • PDLC Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
  • the applied voltage can be used to control the transmission of visible light through electrochromic or SPD / PDLC functional elements.
  • Another example are PNLC (Polymer Network Liquid Crystal) functional elements.
  • Composite panes with such functional elements can change their optical properties electrically in a convenient way and are often installed as roof panes in vehicles.
  • a possible controllable functional element for realizing controllable sun visors is known from WO 2017/157626 A1.
  • the functional element is divided into segments by isolation lines.
  • the isolation lines are introduced, in particular, into surface electrodes of the functional element, so that the segments of the surface electrodes are electrically isolated from one another.
  • WO2018 / 188844 A1 also discloses a composite pane with a functional element that is divided into segments by isolation lines that are independently connected to a voltage source.
  • a barrier film is arranged between the functional element and an intermediate layer and protrudes over the functional element on all sides.
  • the electrical contacting is a laborious step in the production of a composite pane with a functional element divided into several segments, since each segment has to be electrically contacted individually.
  • This is usually realized by suitable connecting cables, for example foil conductors, which are connected to the surface electrodes via so-called bus bars, for example strips of an electrically conductive material or electrically conductive prints (for example formed by a silver-containing screen print).
  • the contact is made manually step by step and involves many work steps. This procedure takes an enormous amount of time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method which can make it possible to reduce the time in the production of a composite pane with an electrically controllable property and a functional element which is subdivided into segments.
  • the method according to the invention for producing a composite pane with an electrically controllable optical property comprises at least the following steps:
  • thermoplastic layer with a flat conductor is provided, the flat conductor having several connection areas,
  • thermoplastic layer is pre-wired with conductor wires
  • a functional element with an electrically controllable optical property is provided, wherein the functional element is divided into segments by isolating lines that can be separately electrically controlled, - a second pane and a second thermoplastic layer are provided,
  • the first pane, the first thermoplastic layer, the functional element, the second thermoplastic layer and the second pane are arranged one above the other in this order, with two conductor wires each being arranged such that they can be electrically connected to a segment,
  • the first pane and the second pane are connected by lamination, an intermediate layer with embedded functional element being formed from the first thermoplastic layer and the second thermoplastic layer and two conductor wires being connected to a segment in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the first thermoplastic layer is pre-wired with conductor wires for lamination prior to the formation of the stack arrangement.
  • the idea of the invention according to the first aspect is based on a pre-wiring of the conductor wires in or on the first thermoplastic layer.
  • the pre-wiring of the thermoplastic layer reduces the amount of work involved in making electrical connections in the laminated pane and thus saves valuable working time in the manufacture of the laminated pane.
  • the pre-wiring of the first thermoplastic layer can take place automatically by a device for plotting conductor wires.
  • the conductor wires are automatically introduced into or onto the first thermoplastic layer, a conductor wire being connected in an electrically conductive manner to a respective connection area of the flat conductor.
  • the electrically conductive connection between a respective conductor wire and a connection area can be reinforced by a soldered connection.
  • Automatic wiring (assembly) of the thermoplastic layer reduces the soldering process during manufacture to a minimum. At the same time, the error rate of incorrectly fitting the thermoplastic layer with conductor wire is minimized.
  • a plurality of conductor wires can be automatically introduced into the first thermoplastic layer or automatically applied to the first thermoplastic layer in such a way that the conductor wires are connected to the Functional element are electrically connectable.
  • Automatic can mean that the conductor wires are introduced into the first thermoplastic layer or are applied to the first thermoplastic layer without the need for additional human intervention.
  • thermoplastic layer By pre-wiring the first thermoplastic layer, on the one hand, a weight and space reduction can be achieved, which results from the elimination of electrical connections printed from a silver paste. Furthermore, the automatic plotting of the conductor wires saves the amount of work and valuable working time in the manufacture of the laminated pane.
  • the conductor wires can be introduced onto or into the first thermoplastic layer, in particular plotted, under the local action of heat.
  • the surface of the first thermoplastic layer is exposed to certain points with heat.
  • the surface of the first thermoplastic layer is melted on so that the conductor wire can penetrate into the first thermoplastic layer and form an adhesive bond with the first thermoplastic layer.
  • a conductor wire can be soldered to a respective connection area of the ribbon conductor.
  • the conductor wires can run parallel to one another and are spaced apart from one another in order to avoid electrical contact. Additional space is saved by running the conductor wires in parallel.
  • the pre-wiring can be carried out with a conductor wire which has a diameter of up to 150 ⁇ m, in particular approx. 10 ⁇ m.
  • the conductor wires can all have the same diameter.
  • the conductor wires can also contain copper or an alloy containing copper. Such fine conductor wires can be easily processed by a device for plotting and are hardly noticeable to the human eye. This creates a particularly attractive appearance for the composite pane without adversely affecting the aesthetics of the composite pane.
  • Such functional elements can be so-called PDLC functional elements (polymer dispersed liquid crystal), SPD functional elements, a touch control or be a transparent display, an OLED display.
  • the functional element can have an electrically controllable property, in particular an electrically controllable transparency.
  • the functional element with an electrically controllable light permeability typically comprises an active layer arranged between two flat electrodes.
  • the active layer has the electrically controllable property, which can be controlled via the voltage applied to the surface electrodes.
  • the area electrodes and the active layer are typically arranged essentially parallel to the surfaces of the first or second disk.
  • the surface electrodes can be electrically connected to an external voltage source. The electrical contacting of the flat electrodes takes place via so-called bus bars.
  • the flat electrodes are preferably designed as transparent, electrically conductive layers.
  • the surface electrodes preferably contain at least one metal, a metal alloy or a transparent conductive oxide (transparent conducting oxide, TCO).
  • the flat electrodes can contain, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, indium tin oxide (ITO), gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide and / or fluorine-doped or antimony-doped tin oxide.
  • the surface electrodes preferably have a thickness of 10 nm (nanometers) to 2 ⁇ m (micrometers), particularly preferably 20 nm to 1 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably 30 nm to 500 nm.
  • the functional element with an electrically controllable light permeability can also have further layers known per se, for example barrier layers, blocker layers, antireflection layers, protective layers and / or smoothing layers.
  • the functional element is preferably in the form of a multilayer film with two outer carrier films.
  • the surface electrodes and the active layer are arranged between the two carrier films.
  • outer carrier films it is meant here that the carrier films form the two surfaces of the multilayer film.
  • the functional element can thereby be provided as a laminated film which can advantageously be processed.
  • the functional element is advantageously protected from damage by the carrier film.
  • the multilayer film contains at least one carrier film, one surface electrode, one active layer, one further surface electrode and one further carrier film.
  • the carrier films preferably contain at least one thermoplastic polymer, particularly preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the carrier films each have an electrically conductive coating that functions as a surface electrode and preferably faces the active layer.
  • each carrier film is preferably 0.03 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.04 mm to 0.2 mm.
  • the functional element has the bus bars for making electrical contact with the multilayer film in the edge region of the flat electrodes.
  • the functional element is arranged between the first and the second thermoplastic layer. After the lamination, the functional element is connected to the first pane via the first thermoplastic layer and to the second pane via the second thermoplastic layer.
  • An intermediate layer is formed by the first and second thermoplastic layers, which are arranged flat on top of one another and laminated to one another, the functional element being inserted between the two layers.
  • the first thermoplastic layer and the second thermoplastic layer and optionally also a third thermoplastic layer preferably contain at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyurethane (PU), particularly preferably PVB.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • PU polyurethane
  • each thermoplastic layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, in particular from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, for example 0.38 mm.
  • thermoplastic layer can be formed, for example, by a single thermoplastic film.
  • a thermoplastic layer can also be formed from sections of different thermoplastic films, the side edges of which are set against one another.
  • the functional element is preferably positioned in such a way that it does not extend as far as one of the side edges of the layer stack.
  • the edges of the functional element are preferably arranged essentially parallel to the edges of the first and second panes.
  • the functional element is preferably arranged over the entire width of the first and second pane, minus an edge region on both sides with a width of, for example, 2 mm to 20 mm.
  • the functional element is a PDLC functional element.
  • PDLC functional elements In the de-energized state, PDLC functional elements have a milky appearance because they contain an active layer with liquid crystals.
  • the liquid crystals are embedded in a polymer matrix. If no voltage is applied to the surface electrodes of the PDLC functional element, the liquid crystals are aligned in a disordered manner, which leads to strong scattering of the light passing through the active layer. If a voltage is applied to the surface electrodes, the liquid crystals align themselves in a common direction and the transmission of light through the active layer is increased.
  • the thickness of the functional element can, for example, be in the range from 0.09 mm to 0.8 mm, e.g. 0.11 mm to 0.41 mm.
  • the functional element is divided into segments by isolation lines.
  • the isolation lines are in particular introduced into the surface electrodes, so that the segments of the surface electrode are electrically isolated from one another.
  • the individual segments can be connected to an external voltage source independently of one another via a connection area on the busbar, a conductor wire and the flat conductor, so that they can be controlled separately in the operating state.
  • a segment of the functional element has two connection areas, one connection area being connected to a conductor wire. For example, different areas of the functional element, e.g. as a sun visor, can be switched independently.
  • a flat conductor (also called a flat strip conductor or foil conductor) is understood to mean an electrical conductor whose width is significantly greater than its thickness.
  • a Flat conductor is, for example, a strip or tape containing or consisting of copper, tinned copper, aluminum, silver, gold or alloys thereof.
  • the flat or foil conductor has, for example, a width of 2 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm.
  • the flat or foil conductor can have an insulating, preferably polymeric sheathing, for example based on polyimide.
  • Such thin film conductors can be arranged simply and aesthetically on a surface of the first thermoplastic layer and, for example, glued on.
  • Several conductive layers that are electrically isolated from one another can be located in a flat conductor strip.
  • the flat conductor is led out of the composite pane.
  • the composite pane can then be connected particularly easily at the point of use with a voltage source and a signal line which forwards a switching signal to the functional element.
  • the electrical connection of the functional element to an external voltage source is established, for example, in the course of another process, namely during the installation of the composite pane in its predefined installation position.
  • the isolation lines and the segments are particularly preferably arranged parallel to one another.
  • the isolation lines do not necessarily have to be straight, but can also be slightly curved, preferably adapted to a possible bending of an edge of the composite pane.
  • the isolation lines have, for example, a width of 5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, in particular 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the segments that is to say the distance between adjacent isolation lines, can be suitably selected by a person skilled in the art in accordance with the requirements in the individual case.
  • the isolation lines can be introduced by laser ablation / structuring, mechanical cutting or etching during the production of the functional element.
  • the functional element has at least two segments.
  • a number N of the segments is, for example, in the range 2 to 50, preferably 2 to 30. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the functional element has nine segments.
  • the lamination takes place under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure.
  • the invention also comprises a composite pane produced by a method according to the invention, the conductor wires being arranged on the outer edge of the composite pane.
  • the distance from at least one conductor wire to the outer edge is preferably less than 10 cm, particularly preferably less than 0.5 cm. This allows electrical contact to be made with the connection areas under an optically inconspicuous black print or under a cover.
  • the composite pane has a thermoplastic intermediate layer which, in particular, can have various thermoplastic materials based on several individual layers of thermoplastic materials.
  • intermediate layer refers to an overall layer produced by connecting several different individual layers, which is arranged between the first and second pane.
  • Another aspect of the invention comprises the use of the composite pane produced by the method according to the invention in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, for example as a windshield, rear window, side window and / or roof window and as a functional individual piece, and as a built-in part in furniture, appliances and buildings.
  • the first pane and second pane preferably contain glass, particularly preferably flat glass, very particularly preferably float glass, such as soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass or quartz glass, or consist thereof.
  • the panes can contain or consist of clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the panes are preferably transparent, in particular for the use of the composite pane as a windshield or rear window of a vehicle or other uses in which a high light transmission is desired.
  • Transparent in the context of the invention is then understood to mean a pane which has a transmission in the visible spectral range of greater than 70%.
  • the transmission can also be much lower, for example greater than 5%.
  • the first pane, the second pane and / or the intermediate layer can have further suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflective coating, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings or sun protection coating or low-E coating.
  • the composite pane can have any three-dimensional shape.
  • the panes are preferably flat or slightly or strongly curved in one direction or in several directions of the space.
  • flat disks are used.
  • the discs can be colorless or colored.
  • the thickness of the panes can vary widely and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
  • Standard thicknesses of the individual panes are preferably from 1.0 mm to 25 mm, for example from 1.1 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably from 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm, for example 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm for vehicle glass and preferably from 4 mm to 25 mm for furniture, appliances and buildings.
  • the size of the disks can vary widely and depends on the size of the use according to the invention.
  • the first pane and the second pane have areas of 200 cm 2 to 20 m 2, which are common in vehicle construction and architecture, for example.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention with an electrically controllable optical property
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a first thermoplastic layer with a functional element after pre-wiring
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the composite pane from FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the prewiring process
  • FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a functional element subdivided into segments
  • FIG. 7a shows a schematic view of the functional element subdivided into segments
  • FIG. 7b shows a cross-sectional illustration along the section line A-A ‘through the first thermoplastic layer with conductor wires.
  • Figures with numerical values are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of +/- 1% up to +/- 10%.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the production method according to the invention on the basis of a flow chart.
  • the method comprises, for example, the following steps: a. a first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is provided with a flat conductor 4, the flat conductor 4 having a plurality of connection areas, b. the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is pre-wired with conductor wires 8, c. a first pane 5 and the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 are provided, d. the functional element 2 with an electrically controllable optical property is provided, the functional element 2 by Isolation lines are divided into segments 3, which can be controlled electrically separately, e. a second pane 6 and a second thermoplastic layer 7.2 are provided, f.
  • the first pane 5, the first thermoplastic layer 7.1, the functional element 2, the second thermoplastic layer 7.2 and the second pane 6 are arranged one above the other in this order, with two each Conductor wires 8 are arranged to be electrically connectable to a segment, g. the first pane 5 and the second pane 6 are connected by lamination, an intermediate layer 7 with embedded functional element 2 being formed from the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 and the second thermoplastic layer 7.2 and two conductor wires 8 being connected to a segment 3 in an electrically conductive manner .
  • the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is wired with conductor wires 8.
  • the pre-wiring of the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is carried out automatically by a device for plotting.
  • the conductor wires 8 are introduced into the first thermoplastic layer 7.1, a conductor wire 8 being connected to a respective connection area of the flat conductor 4.
  • the conductor wires 8 can be electrically connected to the connection areas of the flat conductor 4 by soldering.
  • the lamination in process step g) takes place under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure.
  • Methods known per se can be used for lamination, for example autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods,
  • Vacuum ring processes, calender processes, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof are formed by the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 and the second thermoplastic layer 7.2 for the intermediate layers, which create a bond between the first pane 5 and the second pane 6.
  • the lamination usually comprises a venting or evacuation with the formation of a pre-lamination and the final lamination of the pre-lamination with the formation of the laminated pane 1.
  • the at least temporary application of a negative pressure or vacuum to the arrangement can take place during the venting and / or during the final lamination, preferably when venting or evacuating.
  • the venting can take place according to the known methods.
  • the final lamination is preferably carried out under the action of heat and pressure or vacuum in order to obtain the finished composite pane.
  • the final lamination can, for example, preferably take place at temperatures of 80 to 150 ° C, preferably 105 to 145 ° C, and an autoclave pressure of about 10 to 14 bar.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a composite pane 1 according to the invention as a roof pane of a motor vehicle.
  • the composite pane 1 here comprises a functional element 2, for example.
  • the functional element 2 as a PDLC functional element is embedded in the intermediate layer 7.
  • the functional element 2 is divided into nine segments 3 by isolation lines.
  • the segments 3 are strip-like.
  • the isolation lines between the segments 3 have a width of 40 pm (micrometers) to 50 pm, for example. They can, for example, have been introduced into the prefabricated multilayer film by means of a laser.
  • the isolation lines separate the surface electrodes 10 into strips which are isolated from one another and each have a separate electrical connection.
  • the segments 3 can thus be switched independently of one another.
  • the composite pane 1 also has a flat conductor 4.
  • the segments 3 of the functional element 2 are each connected in an electrically conductive manner to the flat conductor 4 via electrical conductor wires 8.
  • a secure electrically conductive connection is preferably achieved by soldering the connection.
  • the functional element 2 is a PDLC functional element that functions as a controllable sun visor. Depending on the position of the sun, the driver can operate the PDLC functional element via the touch control element.
  • the flat conductor 4 consists, for example, of a 50 ⁇ m thick copper foil and is insulated, for example, with a polyimide layer. The flat conductor 4 is located in the edge region of the laminated pane 1 and can be connected in an electrically conductive manner here, for example, outside the laminated pane 1 to a control module (ECU).
  • ECU control module
  • the composite pane 1 comprises a first pane 5 and a second pane 6, which are connected to one another via an intermediate layer 7 made of a PVB film.
  • the first disk 5 and second disk 6 each consist, for example, of soda-lime glass and were manufactured using the float process.
  • the dimensions of the composite pane 2 are, for example, 0.9 m ⁇ 1.5 m.
  • the composite pane 1 is provided, for example, to separate a vehicle interior from an external environment in the installed position. That is, the inside surface of the second pane 6 is accessible from the interior, whereas the outside surface of the second pane 6 faces outwards with respect to the vehicle interior.
  • the thickness of the first disk 5 is 2.1 mm, for example. In principle, the first disk 5 can also have other thicknesses. For example, the first disk 5 can have a thickness of 4 mm.
  • the thickness of the second disk 6 is, for example, 1.6 mm.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a first thermoplastic film 7.1. with the functional element 2 after the pre-wiring.
  • the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 here comprises a PVB film with a thickness of 0.38 mm.
  • the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is connected to the first pane 5 (not shown here), the second thermoplastic layer 7.2 to the second pane 6 (not shown here).
  • a third thermoplastic layer lying in between can laterally surround the functional element 2.
  • the functional element 2 is a multilayer film which is composed of an active layer 9, two surface electrodes 10 and two carrier films 11.
  • the active layer 9 is arranged between the two surface electrodes 10.
  • the active layer 9 contains a polymer matrix with liquid crystals dispersed therein, which align themselves as a function of the electrical voltage applied to the surface electrodes 10, whereby the optical properties can be controlled.
  • the carrier films 11 consist of PET and have a thickness of about 0.125 mm.
  • the carrier foils 11 are provided with a coating of ITO facing the active layer 9, with a thickness of approximately 100 nm, which form the surface electrodes 10.
  • the flat electrodes 10 can be connected to an electrical voltage via electrically conductive busbars 12.
  • the bus bars 12 are formed here by a silver-containing screen printing. Alternatively, the bus bars 12 can be formed by electrically conductive metal strips or an electrically conductive coating. Metal (copper) here includes metal alloy (copper alloy).
  • a bus bar 12 is connected to the surface electrode 10 by leaving out the carrier film 11, a surface electrode 10 and the active layer along an edge region of the respective side of the functional element 2, so that the other, opposite surface electrode 10 with the associated carrier film 11 protrudes.
  • the respective bus bar 12 is arranged on the protruding surface electrode 10.
  • the conductor wires 8 connect the busbars 12 via the flat conductor 4 to an electrical voltage.
  • Each segment 3 has two connection areas 13.
  • Each connection area 13 is connected to a connection area 4.1 of the flat conductor 4 via a conductor wire 8.
  • a conductor wire 8 is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a respective connection area 4.1 of the flat conductor 4.
  • an electrically conductive connection between a respective conductor wire 8 and a connection area 4.1 can be reinforced by a soldered connection.
  • FIG. 4 shows the composite pane 1 of FIG. 1 in cross section and in the laminated state, ie as a finished composite pane 1.
  • the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 and the second thermoplastic layer 7.2, which form the intermediate layer 7, are arranged between the first pane 5 and the second pane 6 form and connect the two disks 5 and 6.
  • the functional element 2 is embedded in the intermediate layer 7.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the process for pre-wiring in method step b).
  • a device 14 for plotting the conductor wire 8 plots the conductor wire 8 on or in the first thermoplastic layer 7.1.
  • the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is fixed in this case.
  • the device 14 moves two-dimensionally (X-Y direction).
  • a roller 15 conveys the conductor wire 8 under pressure into the first thermoplastic layer 7.1.
  • the conductor wire 8 is introduced or plotted into the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 under the local action of heat.
  • the surface of the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is exposed to certain points with heat. As a result, the surface of the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 is melted.
  • the conductor wire 8 can enter into an adhesive connection with the first thermoplastic layer. This process allows the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 to be quickly wired (fitted with) conductor wires 8.
  • FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a functional element 2 subdivided into segments 3 with a connection for the entire functional element 2 at the negative pole and one connection each at the positive pole of each segment 3.
  • the functional element 2 is divided into four segments 3 which are connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 7a shows a schematic view of the functional element 2 subdivided into segments 3.
  • each segment 3 is wired individually.
  • each segment 3 has two connection areas.
  • Each connection area is connected to a connection area of the flat conductor 4 via a conductor wire 8.
  • FIG. 7 b shows a cross-sectional illustration along the section line A-A ‘through the first thermoplastic layer 7.1 after the pre-wiring (method step b)) with plotted conductor wires 8.
  • a great advantage of the invention is that there is no need to manually print conductor connections from a silver paste onto the first thermoplastic layer 7.1. This saves work and valuable working time in the production of the composite pane 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production d'une vitre composite (1) présentant une propriété optique pouvant être commandée électriquement, où — une première couche thermoplastique (7.1) avec un conducteur plat (4) est fournie, ledit conducteur plat (4) ayant de multiples régions de connexion, — la première couche thermoplastique (7.1) est précâblée avec des fils conducteurs (8), — une première vitre (5) et la première couche thermoplastique (7.1) sont fournies, — un élément fonctionnel (2) présentant une propriété optique pouvant être commandée électriquement est fourni, ledit élément fonctionnel étant divisé en segments (3), qui peuvent être électriquement actionnés séparément, au moyen de lignes isolantes, — une seconde vitre (6) et une seconde couche thermoplastique (7.2) sont fournies, et — la première vitre (5), la première couche thermoplastique (7.1), l'élément fonctionnel (2), la seconde couche thermoplastique (7.2) et la seconde vitre (6) sont disposés les uns sur les autres dans l'ordre mentionné ci-dessus. Des paires respectives de fils conducteurs (8) sont agencées de manière à pouvoir être raccordées électriquement à un segment, et la première vitre (5) et la seconde vitre (6) sont raccordées par un processus de stratification, une couche intermédiaire (7) avec un élément fonctionnel intégré (2) étant constitué de la première couche thermoplastique (7.1) et de la seconde couche thermoplastique (7.2), et des paires respectives de fils conducteurs (8) étant raccordées à un segment de manière électroconductrice.
PCT/EP2021/057515 2020-04-01 2021-03-24 Procédé de production d'une vitre composite présentant propriété optique pouvant être commandée électriquement WO2021197949A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022134138A1 (de) 2022-12-20 2024-06-20 Webasto SE Verfahren zum Kontaktieren eines PDLC-Rohlings

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EP0876608B1 (fr) 1995-11-27 2002-04-17 Fuhr, Günter Procede et dispositif de production de phenomenes de resonance dans des suspensions de particules
DE102004050987A1 (de) * 2004-10-20 2005-12-01 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Steuern eines elektrochrom verfärbbaren Flächenelements in einer transparenten Scheibe und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung
WO2011033313A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage feuilleté
WO2012007334A1 (fr) 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Saint-Gobain Glass France Dispositif électrochromique
US20120026573A1 (en) 2010-11-08 2012-02-02 Soladigm, Inc. Electrochromic window fabrication methods
WO2017157626A1 (fr) 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 Saint-Gobain Glass France Pare-brise doté d'un pare-soleil à réglage électrique
WO2018188844A1 (fr) 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Saint-Gobain Glass France Disque composite à élément de fonction dont les propriétés optiques peuvent être commandées électriquement
WO2019011891A1 (fr) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-17 Saint-Gobain Glass France Dispositif de fonctionnement d'éléments fonctionnels présentant des propriétés optiques commandables électriquement

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0876608B1 (fr) 1995-11-27 2002-04-17 Fuhr, Günter Procede et dispositif de production de phenomenes de resonance dans des suspensions de particules
DE102004050987A1 (de) * 2004-10-20 2005-12-01 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Steuern eines elektrochrom verfärbbaren Flächenelements in einer transparenten Scheibe und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung
WO2011033313A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage feuilleté
WO2012007334A1 (fr) 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Saint-Gobain Glass France Dispositif électrochromique
US20120026573A1 (en) 2010-11-08 2012-02-02 Soladigm, Inc. Electrochromic window fabrication methods
WO2017157626A1 (fr) 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 Saint-Gobain Glass France Pare-brise doté d'un pare-soleil à réglage électrique
WO2018188844A1 (fr) 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Saint-Gobain Glass France Disque composite à élément de fonction dont les propriétés optiques peuvent être commandées électriquement
WO2019011891A1 (fr) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-17 Saint-Gobain Glass France Dispositif de fonctionnement d'éléments fonctionnels présentant des propriétés optiques commandables électriquement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022134138A1 (de) 2022-12-20 2024-06-20 Webasto SE Verfahren zum Kontaktieren eines PDLC-Rohlings

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