EP3926086A1 - Élément non tissé et processus de fabrication - Google Patents

Élément non tissé et processus de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3926086A1
EP3926086A1 EP21175899.0A EP21175899A EP3926086A1 EP 3926086 A1 EP3926086 A1 EP 3926086A1 EP 21175899 A EP21175899 A EP 21175899A EP 3926086 A1 EP3926086 A1 EP 3926086A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
polymer material
nonwoven element
fibers
nonwoven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21175899.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Michael Trinkaus
Kristin Wendt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitto Advanced Film Gronau GmbH
Original Assignee
Mondi AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mondi AG filed Critical Mondi AG
Publication of EP3926086A1 publication Critical patent/EP3926086A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B13/00—Hook or eye fasteners
    • A44B13/0005—Hook or eye fasteners characterised by their material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/153—Mixed yarns or filaments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B18/00—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
    • A44B18/0003—Fastener constructions
    • A44B18/0011—Female or loop elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nonwoven element for forming a hook engagement surface for a Velcro fastener with at least one nonwoven layer formed from a batt, which extends in a longitudinal direction (machine direction) and a transverse direction and has a thickness perpendicular thereto - also referred to as bulk.
  • Velcro fasteners represent detachable mechanical fastening systems in which a first component equipped with hooks or locking elements, the so-called “hook tape”, can be brought into engagement with a so-called “hook engagement surface".
  • the hook engagement surface usually has fiber structures, in particular nonwovens or loop materials, in which the hooks or latching elements of the hook tape can engage.
  • Velcro fastening systems are therefore also referred to as "hook-and-loop fasteners”.
  • the mechanical connection is brought about by the hook tape bringing it into contact with the hook engagement surface.
  • the hooks or locking elements come into contact with individual fibers in the hook engagement surface and form a particularly form-fitting locking connection therewith.
  • a Velcro fastener can usually absorb particularly large forces in a plane with the surfaces of the hook tape and the hook engagement surface (contact plane). This is also known as the shear force. To release the hook tape and the hook engagement surface are pulled apart perpendicular to the contact plane.
  • a Velcro fastener ideally has a lower resistance to such a peel force.
  • the latching or hook connections between the hook tape and the fibers of the hook engagement surface are ideally overcome by elastic deformation of the hooks. In this case it is Dissolving process completely reversible. However, it also happens that individual fibers are destroyed when the hook tape is detached and / or are detached from the hook engagement surface. As a result, the subsequent holding forces of the Velcro fastener are in some cases massively impaired.
  • Velcro fasteners are widely used in the field of personal hygiene articles, in particular in diapers and incontinence articles.
  • a major advantage of the Velcro fasteners is that they can be loosened and reattached several times.
  • the holding properties are independent of any soiling from care products such as creams or baby oil or other liquids.
  • the economic use in such mass products requires that the material and manufacturing costs can be reduced as much as possible.
  • structured textiles, such as knitted loops, for example represent a high production cost
  • nonwoven elements have also increasingly been used to form the hook-engaging surfaces.
  • Nonwovens are made from a loose, disordered fiber composite - also known as a fiber pile - which is then bonded to form a nonwoven or nonwoven through the solidification process.
  • Various consolidation methods are known which, on the one hand, can be based on a physical-mechanical entanglement of the individual fibers and / or on a chemical or physical-thermal gluing of the fibers.
  • hook-engaging surfaces made of nonwoven elements have the increased problem that individual fibers are detached when the Velcro fastener is loosened. Due to the random arrangement of the fibers within In a nonwoven fabric, the specific connection points between the individual fibers are always subject to statistical fluctuations. In order to prevent the fibers from being pulled out of a conventional nonwoven, particularly strong consolidation is required. However, this has the disadvantage that, with increasing degree of solidification, the hooks penetrate the hook engagement surface with increasing difficulty and can thus enter into hook connections. A particularly strong solidification also adversely affects the visual appearance, the haptic properties and also the air permeability or breathability.
  • the invention is based on a nonwoven element in which the fiber pile has a large number of plastic fibers and the nonwoven layer (in the longitudinal and transverse directions) has a pattern of open areas for the engagement of hook elements of a Velcro fastener and the open areas surrounding and having a smaller thickness has bonded areas.
  • the fiber pile is also consolidated to form a nonwoven layer in the open areas, a smaller bond between the individual fibers is sufficient there, since the fibers are firmly connected to one another in the bonded areas. This allows you to better meet the mechanical requirements of a Velcro fastener.
  • the nonwoven layer is compressed to a smaller thickness in the connected areas.
  • the open areas on the other hand, have a larger volume (“bulk”) and are therefore designed to be “open-pored” for receiving hook elements of the hook tape. Due to the statistically scattered alignment of the individual plastic fibers within the fiber web, in the majority of cases the individual fibers extend into both at least one open area and at least one bonded area.
  • Such generic nonwoven elements are from the prior art, for example from WO 97/024 482 A1 known.
  • the state of the art always moves in a field of tension between sufficient adhesive force of the Velcro fastener and securing the nonwoven fibers against tearing on the one hand and other properties of the nonwoven element.
  • This should, if possible, be breathable and air-permeable at the same time and at least visually create a pleasantly "fluffy" impression and offer sufficient engagement surface for latching hooks.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a nonwoven element improved with regard to at least one of these properties for forming a hook engagement surface for a Velcro fastener.
  • the invention relates to a nonwoven element according to claim 1 and a manufacturing method according to claim 22.
  • the fiber web is formed from a homogeneous fiber mixture with a first fiber component and a second fiber component.
  • the first fiber component forms 20% by weight to 80% by weight of the fiber mixture and is formed from multicomponent fibers, in particular bicomponent fibers with a first polymer material and a polyolefinic second polymer material.
  • the melting point of the first polymer material is higher than the melting point of the second polymer material.
  • the fiber mixture has a second fiber component made of a monofiber consisting of a polyolefinic third polymer material.
  • Multicomponent fibers in particular bicomponent fibers with a high-melting point and a low-melting point
  • Polymer materials have advantages in processing and the properties of the end product.
  • the high-melting polymer component contributes to good structural integrity of the batt both during processing and in the finished product.
  • at least one polymer component with a lower melting point ensures that temperatures do not have to be reached during processing as high as would be necessary in order to at least melt the high melting point component.
  • the thermal consolidation steps are preferably based exclusively on a partial or partial melting of the low-melting polymer components.
  • the invention provides for an additional polyolefinic fiber component to be provided together with the multicomponent fiber in a homogeneous fiber mixture.
  • the second fiber component also benefits from the supporting properties of the high-melting first polymer material of the first fiber component. This is sufficient to ensure a sufficiently airy thickness in the open areas. Contrary to intuition, this can also be achieved by adding a low-melting monofiber from the third polymer material. At the same time, the polyolefinic third polymer material contributes to particularly good bond strength in the bonded areas.
  • the first polymer material is in particular a non-polyolefinic plastic.
  • the flexural rigidity of such a non-polyolefin is generally significantly higher than that of polyolefins. This leads to a more voluminous fiber structure. Crimping (crimping) by bending the fibers is therefore not necessary.
  • the fiber mixture comprises at least one third fiber component with a chemical and / or physical nature that differs from the first fiber component and the second fiber component. In this way, further properties of the nonwoven element in particular can be influenced.
  • the third fiber component can be made finer (lower fiber titre) than the first fiber component and the second fiber component. This leads to a reduced air permeability.
  • the third fiber component is preferably formed from a particularly polyolefinic plastic material.
  • the multicomponent fibers in particular the bicomponent fibers of the first fiber component, can be designed in particular as core / sheath fibers (core / sheath) or as double fibers extruded next to one another (side-by-side). Asymmetrical multicomponent fiber types are also possible.
  • core-sheath fibers the low-melting second polymer material is arranged on the outside.
  • the multicomponent fibers are formed from 50 to 75% by weight from the first polymer material and from 25 to 50% by weight from the second polymer material. Particularly good results can be achieved within the scope of the invention with bicomponent fibers and a mixing ratio of 65% to 35%, 60% to 40% or 50% to 50%.
  • 30% by weight to 50% by weight of the fiber batt is formed from the first fiber component. Even a small proportion of the cost-intensive multi-component fiber of 30% can are already sufficient to produce the desired properties in the fibrous web. The use of the multicomponent fiber can thus be reduced to under half or even under 1/3 compared to the pure MultiCo fiber.
  • the first fiber component and the second fiber component and optionally a third and further fiber components can each be formed with crimped and / or smooth fibers.
  • the fiber mixture is formed exclusively from the first fiber component and the second fiber component. Additional additives - especially binders - are not required. A multi-layer structure is also unnecessary, since the desired structural properties can already be achieved with a consistently uniform fiber mixture.
  • the second polymer material and / or the third polymer material are preferably selected from the group consisting of polypropylene (PP), polypropylene copolymers, polyethylene (PE) or polyethylene copolymers.
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PE copolymers are inexpensive and easy to process polyolefin plastics. These are characterized by their easily controllable melting behavior. At the same time, they have good strength and durability at room temperature.
  • a recycled, i.e. reused, raw material, at least as an admixture, can preferably be used as the first, second and / or third polymer material.
  • the polymer materials are particularly preferably in technically pure form.
  • both the second polymer material and the third polymer material are provided from the same material. This improves the bond between fibers of the first fiber component and fibers of the second fiber component. Since the polymer materials have similar chemical and physical properties, they are in a similar melt state during thermal processing and bond with one another particularly well in the at least partially melted state.
  • the second polymer material and the third polymer material have the same main component.
  • the formulations of the second polymer material and the third polymer material are largely identical - with the exception of admixtures of not more than 10% by weight - with regard to the basic chemical chain structure.
  • the second polymer material and the third polymer material can differ with regard to the polymerization process, the degree of branching, the proportion of metallocene polyolefins and / or the density. However, they are particularly preferably designed identically.
  • the melting point of the second polymer material and the melting point of the third polymer material are not more than 5K apart.
  • the second polymer material and the third polymer material have a melt flow index (MFI) of at least 20 g / 10 min, preferably at least 25 g / 10 min and less than 500 g / 10 min, in particular have less than 100g / 10min. This guarantees that the fibers are sufficiently thin.
  • MFI melt flow index
  • the second polymer material and the third polymer material can be partially melted during thermal consolidation by targeted temperature control in such a way that adhesive properties set in without the fibers or fiber components losing their structure as a result.
  • the MFI is determined in particular according to ISO 1133, preferably with a test temperature (190 ° C in particular for PE, 230 ° C in particular for PP, 280 ° C in particular for PET) and test weight (2.16 kg) selected depending on the material.
  • a test temperature 190 ° C in particular for PE, 230 ° C in particular for PP, 280 ° C in particular for PET
  • test weight 2.16 kg
  • the first polymer material particularly preferably has polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the main component.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the first polymer material is formed entirely from polyethylene terephthalate.
  • This polyester has a high mechanical stability and can be combined with polyolefins in multi-component fibers.
  • a particularly preferred material in the context of the invention is a polyethylene terephthalate / polypropylene bicomponent fiber in conjunction with a polypropylene monofiber.
  • Polypropylene has a higher mechanical stability than polyethylene.
  • the distance between the melting points is large enough to enable targeted melting of the polypropylene components during processing with unchanged PET proportions.
  • Another aspect of the present development which is inventive in and of itself, relates to the design of the consolidated fiber web in the open areas, regardless of the specific choice of material.
  • This additional, second aspect of the invention addresses the problem that hook engagement surfaces formed from nonwoven fabric can often only allow an insufficient adhesive force, in particular with regard to shear stresses. In the context of the additional aspect of the invention, this is overcome by the appropriate selection of the fiber web properties.
  • the additional aspect of the invention is based on a nonwoven element according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • this aspect develops a nonwoven element as described above.
  • the fiber web in the open areas has a fiber density between 1 ⁇ 10 10 (ten billion) fibers / m 3 and 1.5 ⁇ 10 10 (15 billion) fibers / m 3 .
  • the bulk density of the fibers is particularly preferably between 11 and 13 billion fibers (1.1 to 1.3 ⁇ 10 10 ) per cubic meter.
  • the second aspect of the invention is based on the knowledge that precisely this parameter has an essential significance for the adhesive properties of hook elements of a hook tape in the nonwoven element according to the invention.
  • the fiber volume density ( ⁇ fiber , number of fibers per cubic meter) results from the ratio of the number (N fibers ) of fibers to a reference volume (V) - base area (A) times height (h).
  • ⁇ fiber N fiber
  • V N fiber A.
  • the height (h) of the volume under consideration can be influenced by the distance between the rollers during the manufacturing process.
  • the following results for the bulk height to be provided: H Bulk ⁇ A. G m 2 ⁇ fiber 1 m 3 ⁇ l fiber 1 mm ⁇ i c i % Tt i G 10,000 m
  • the fiber volume density according to the invention can thus be set as desired.
  • nonwovens and nonwoven products are mainly characterized by the weight per unit area - that is, the mass per unit area.
  • this parameter alone is an inadequate measure of the To be able to assess the quality of a hook engagement surface in terms of its mechanical holding capacity.
  • the weight per unit area alone cannot make any statements about how the existing mass is spatially distributed.
  • This parameter is also not related to the length of the individual fibers, which is significant for their integration (via the bonded areas).
  • the second inventive aspect is based on the knowledge that the parameter essential for the hook engagement is the fiber density of individual nonwoven fibers per unit of space. It has been shown that by varying the other parameters, comparable holding forces can be achieved with the same fiber spatial densities. For example, in an existing process, the weight per unit area, the fiber length and the fineness of the fibers can be specified on the basis of external boundary conditions.
  • the invention then teaches adjusting the thickness of the open areas (bulk) in such a way that the nonwoven element has a fiber density in the area according to the invention. Tests by the applicant have shown that in this parameter range - with variable other parameters - a particularly good hook engagement force can be achieved.
  • the fiber web has an average fineness (titer) of 1 dtex to 8 dtex, in particular 1.3 dtex to 6.7 dtex. Finenesses of greater than 2 dtex, in particular 2.2 dtex to 6.7 dtex, can be used if good air permeability and breathability are to be guaranteed. A certain air permeability is also required if the material is to be held in place by negative pressure during the manufacturing process. In the event that the nonwoven element should also regulate air and / or water vapor transport, a lower fiber titer between 1.3 dtex and 1.9 dtex must be used.
  • the nonwoven element preferably has a weight per unit area between 30 and 60 g / m 2 , in particular between 35 and 45 g / m 2 (grams per square meter, gsm). Sufficient mechanical stability and adhesive force can already be made available in this area.
  • the fiber batt preferably has average fiber lengths between 35 mm and 75 mm, in particular 38 mm to 72 mm. Due to the fine structures, an average fiber length of preferably between 40 mm and 50 mm should be provided for good machinability.
  • the fibers of the fiber mixture - in particular of the first fiber component and / or the second fiber component - can preferably have a non-round cross section - in particular a trilobal cross section.
  • the desired bulk density of the fibers can be achieved due to the higher rigidity with the same denier (dtex) and with a lower weight per unit area.
  • a third inventive aspect provides that the open areas at least partially have a regular pattern of its first shape and a second shape, the first shape having a larger area than the second shape having.
  • Both the first shape and the second shape are convex. Due to the convex shape, a particularly large number of fibers within the surface can also protrude into a directly adjacent bonded area and thus be fixed. This improves the integration of the individual fibers in the nonwoven element. The Pulling out individual fibers when loosening the Velcro can thus be reduced.
  • the first shape and the second shape are formed exclusively from open areas without any bonded zones arranged therein.
  • a bonding line that is circumferentially parallel to the edge of the respective shape is arranged within the first shape and / or within the second shape.
  • the first shape and the second shape differ in size.
  • the first shape is preferably at least twice as large as the second shape.
  • the size of the first shape is particularly preferably approximately five times the size of the second shape.
  • the second surface has approximately 1/10 of the first shape.
  • the first shape and the second shape are preferably designed to be geometrically similar. In both cases, a shape that is optimized with regard to fiber adhesion can also be assumed in this way.
  • the first shapes are particularly preferably arranged in a grid along a first direction, in particular approximately the longitudinal direction and in a second direction, preferably approximately perpendicular thereto, in particular approximately the transverse direction. In this arrangement, the first shapes overlap in both the first direction and the second direction. In this way, hook engagement can be made possible throughout the entire length and width of the nonwoven element. This means that incorrect positioning of the hooks relative to the open areas cannot take place.
  • the inclination ⁇ between the first direction and the longitudinal direction or between the second direction and the transverse direction is preferably not more than 5 °.
  • An inclination of not more than 2 °, in particular approximately 1.2 °, is particularly preferably provided.
  • the grid dimension - between the centers of adjacent first shapes - is preferably between 8 mm and 9 mm, preferably approximately 8.5 mm, in the first direction and preferably between 9 mm and 10 mm, in particular approximately 9.6 mm, in the second direction.
  • the second (smaller) shapes are preferably arranged on the same grid between the large first shapes. You basically fill in the gaps in the grid of the first forms.
  • the first shapes particularly preferably have an elliptical shape with first main axes (largest diameter) and first secondary axes (smallest diameter).
  • the second shapes also have an elliptical shape with second major axes and second minor axes.
  • the first main axes are parallel to one another and are each aligned perpendicular to the second main axes of the second shapes. In this way, particularly good parquet flooring of the nonwoven material with open areas can be achieved.
  • the elliptical shape improves fiber adhesion in the case of aligned (carded) nonwoven fibers.
  • the first main axes are preferably between 6 and 8 mm, in particular approx. 7 mm.
  • the first minor axes preferably measure 4 to 8 mm, in particular 5 mm.
  • the second main axes are preferably 2 to 4 mm, especially 2.7 mm.
  • the second minor axes preferably measure between 1 and 2 mm, especially about 1.3 mm.
  • the nonwoven element has a single continuous bonded area, between which the first shapes and second shapes are designed as open areas.
  • Adjacent first shapes and second shapes expediently have a minimum distance between 0.25 mm and 0.7 mm, in particular approx. 0.4 mm. Such a narrow design of the bonded area in between is sufficient to provide sufficient fiber integration. At the same time, the bonded - d. H. areas that do not participate in hook engagement are minimized.
  • the bonded areas form a line pattern.
  • the line pattern comprises a first group of parallel lines and a second group of parallel lines which is inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the first group.
  • the lines of the first group and the lines of the second group enclose a multiplicity of diamond-shaped cells.
  • the line pattern has at least one - not fully encircling - elliptical arc, which is arranged in a cell in such a way that the elliptical arc lies tangentially against all four lines of the first group and the second group surrounding the cell.
  • the line pattern is formed from a plurality of different line-shaped bonded areas. These line-shaped bonded areas have an approximately constant width of less than 1.5 mm and, in contrast, a significantly greater longitudinal extent.
  • the open areas form pillow-shaped Centers, which are bordered at least on three sides and in a C-shape by the non-closed elliptical arc.
  • a diamond-shaped network is spanned by the lines of the first group and the lines of the second group, which surrounds and stabilizes the elliptical-arc-shaped line parts.
  • the open areas lying outside the elliptical arcs are subdivided and stabilized by the lines running therein. Due to the tangential connection of the elliptical arc, these are particularly space-saving and stable to the diamond pattern.
  • the lines of the first group and / or the lines of the second group are particularly preferably not continuous, so that the lines of the first group and the lines of the second group do not touch.
  • the bonded area is in the corner areas of the diamond-shaped cells - i. H. at the intersection of the lines of the first group and the lines of the second group - recessed so that there is also an open area there.
  • a grid of open areas, which are enclosed by the bonded areas, is thus also formed in the grid of the diamond-shaped cells.
  • the bonded line areas likewise form a continuous pattern over the entire material web of the nonwoven element.
  • the bonded areas make up an area proportion between 15% and 30%, in particular between 20% and 25%, of the area of the nonwoven element.
  • the bonded areas make up an area proportion between 15% and 30%, in particular between 20% and 25%, of the area of the nonwoven element.
  • the scaling of the pattern is preferably chosen so that the fibers randomly arranged in the open areas are held in bonded areas on both sides with a high degree of probability. It has been shown that a separate consideration in the longitudinal direction (machine direction) and transverse direction is sufficient to be able to predict the pull-out behavior and thus the adhesive properties. It is also sufficient to only look at the largest open areas in each case.
  • a particularly good fiber adhesion is obtained if - when viewed in the longitudinal direction as well as in the transverse direction - a bond probability averaged over the entire open area P. bound by at least 70%, preferably at least 80% is achieved.
  • the minimum local probability of binding is particularly preferred min x P. bound x both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80%.
  • a fiber web is first formed and then thermally solidified. It is essential to the invention that both air-through bonding (ATB) and thermal calendering are used for solidification. Both consolidation processes are usually in exclusive competition with one another and are used as alternatives to one another.
  • ATB air-through bonding
  • thermal calendering are used for solidification. Both consolidation processes are usually in exclusive competition with one another and are used as alternatives to one another.
  • the inventive idea is that - especially in connection with a previously described homogeneous fiber pile made of a multi-component fiber and a low-melting monofiber - different consolidation goals are pursued and combined with one another: With air-through bonding, a heated air flow through the fiber pile is perpendicular to the machine - and cross direction passed through.
  • the heated air has a temperature which leads to targeted heating of the fiber web.
  • the temperature is controlled in such a way that the fibers only melt on the surface and are thereby connected to one another at random points of contact between the individual plastic fibers.
  • the geometric configuration of the fiber web in front of the ATB is not changed or is only changed slightly.
  • a fiber pile that is loosely stacked after fiber formation remains in its voluminous and airy expansion.
  • An ATB is also effective in the case of an already patterned fiber pile, particularly in the open areas. There the airy structure is strengthened and preserved by the ATB.
  • the second consolidation process - thermal calendering involves rolling the batt with a structured and heated profile roller.
  • similar structuring processes such as ultrasonic bonding, can also be used here. can be used.
  • the thermal calendering compresses the fiber web in certain areas and the heated and partially melted fibers are pressed together in a small space. This forms the bonded areas. These anchor the fibers of the fiber web within the nonwoven element. At the same time, they only have a low level of air permeability and the possibility of engagement for hook elements.
  • Air-through bonding is particularly preferably carried out before thermal calendering.
  • the fibers are initially loosely anchored to one another in the pile, so that elastic recovery can then take place, at least in the open areas, even in the event of compression by the subsequent calendering.
  • the targeted combination of the two consolidation processes leads to the adaptation of the nonwoven element to the technical requirements.
  • the open areas are made voluminous and held by the separate air-through bonding. Although they may look "fluffy" in this state, they have a rather “hard” haptic impression. However, this is irrelevant for the intended application, since the most important thing is the mechanical properties of the Velcro fastener that are as good as possible.
  • the fiber web is particularly preferably carded or carded prior to thermal consolidation. This work step aligns the fibers of the batt - at least partially - in the machine direction. This increases the mechanical stability of the nonwoven element and also increases the probability that all fibers will be securely embedded in the bonded areas.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a nonwoven element 1 according to the invention.
  • This has a fiber web 2 which, in accordance with the first aspect of the invention, is formed from a homogeneous fiber mixture with a first fiber component and a second fiber component.
  • the first fiber component in the exemplary embodiment comprises 50% by weight of the fiber mixture and is made from a bi-component fiber with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a weight proportion of 60% (30% of the fiber mixture, corresponding to 3.3 dtex) as the first polymer material and polyethylene (PE) with a weight fraction of 40% (20% of the fiber mixture, corresponding to 2.2 dtex) formed as the second polymer material.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PE polyethylene
  • the melting point of polyolefinic polyethylene is below that of PET.
  • the fiber mixture also contains 50% by weight (corresponding to 1.9 dtex) of a polypropylene (PP) monofiber.
  • the nonwoven element forms a web of material which extends in a longitudinal direction (machine direction, MD) and a transverse direction (CD). At right angles to this web plane, the nonwoven element has one in one Height direction H measured thickness d 1 , d 2 (bulk), which differs locally on the material web.
  • the nonwoven layer has a pattern of open areas 3 with a first thickness d 1 , which are surrounded by bonded areas 4 with a smaller second thickness d 2 .
  • the plastic fibers 5 of the fiber web 2 are compressed and, in the compressed state, are connected to one another by partially melting the fibers 5.
  • almost all of the fibers 5 reaching there are firmly connected to one another by at least one connection point and are thus securely held within the fiber web 2.
  • the fibers 5 are only loosely attached to one another at random crossing points 6.
  • the connection points 6 cannot reliably prevent individual fibers 5 from being pulled out.
  • these serve to maintain the structure of the open area 3, in particular to form the preset height d 1 .
  • This is selected in such a way that with a given fiber fineness, weight per unit area and average fiber length, a preferred fiber density of 1.2 ⁇ 10 10 fibers / m 3 is established in the open areas 3.
  • the open areas 3 serve for the engagement of hook elements 7 of an associated hook tape 8, which are embedded in a carrier layer 8a.
  • the hook tape 8 together with the nonwoven element 1 forms a Velcro fastener, the nonwoven element 1 with the open areas 3 forming a hook engagement surface.
  • a first possible pattern of the open areas 3 and bonded areas 4 is shown in the plan view of a nonwoven element 1.
  • the open areas 3 form a regular pattern of a convex first shape 9a and a convex second shape 9b.
  • the first shape 9a has opposite the second form 9b on a 10 times larger area. These are designed geometrically similar to one another as ellipses and are arranged in a grid along a first direction L 1 and in a second direction L 2 .
  • the first shapes 9a overlap both in the first direction and in the second direction.
  • the first shapes 9a each have an elliptical shape with first main axes a 1 of approx. 7 mm and first secondary axes a 2 of approx. 5 mm arranged parallel to one another.
  • the second shapes 9b also have an elliptical shape with second main axes b 1 of approx. 2.7 mm and second secondary axes b 2 of approx. 1.3 mm.
  • the main axes a 1 , b 1 of the ellipses are approximately perpendicular to one another.
  • the bonded areas 4 make up an area proportion of approx. 20% and the open areas make up an area proportion of approx. 80%.
  • the minimum distance d between two adjacent first shapes 9a or the first shapes 9a and adjacent second shapes 9b is approximately 0.4 mm.
  • the Fig. 1 can as a cut through Fig. 2 taken along the line AA.
  • the Fig. 3 Figure 3 shows an alternate pattern in accordance with another inventive aspect of the present application.
  • the bonded form A pattern of lines in areas 4.
  • the line pattern comprises a first group of parallel lines 10a and a second group of parallel lines 10b inclined by an angle ⁇ with respect to the lines of the first group 10a.
  • the lines of the first group 10a and the lines of the second group 10b are designed to be interrupted in such a way that interruptions are provided at the points of intersection 11, which are not designed as bonded, but rather as open areas 3. Outside the intersection points 11, the lines of the first group and the second group 10a, 10b are continuous.
  • the lines of the first group 10a and the lines of the second group 10b are each arranged equidistantly in such a way that they enclose diamond-shaped cells 12, the corners of which are formed by the intersection points 11.
  • the side edges of the diamond-shaped cells 12 are each formed by uninterrupted sections of lines of the first group 10a and lines of the second group 10b.
  • a not completely encircling elliptical arc 13 of the line pattern is arranged within each of the diamond-shaped cells 12. This tangentially touches the line segments surrounding the cell 12.
  • the elliptical arc 13 is designed in such a way that a complete quadrant is cut out between the contact points of two adjacent edge pieces.
  • a pillow-shaped section 14 of an open area 3 is formed within the elliptical arc 13, which also connects without interruption to open areas 15 outside the elliptical arcs 13 in adjacent cells 12 through the interruption of the lines 10a, 10b at the intersection point 11.
  • the width of the b of the pillow-shaped section 14 is approximately 12 mm in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the height h of the pillow-shaped section 14 is approximately 8 mm at the maximum height of the elliptical arc 13.
  • a fiber mixture in particular a homogeneous fiber mixture from a multi-component fiber and a low-melting monofiber, is produced.
  • the staple fibers 16 laid in this way are first fed to a carding machine 17 and roughly aligned there.
  • the carded fiber web 18 is then subjected to a first thermal consolidation II by air-through bonding (ATB).
  • the carded fiber web 18 is transferred via a suction roll 19 to a large drum 20 into which a continuous stream of hot air 21 enters.
  • the temperature of the hot air stream 21 is selected such that the fibers of the fiber web 18 melt on the surface and connect to one another at random points of contact 6.
  • the pre-consolidated fiber web 23 is removed from the drum 20 via a second roller 22, optionally equipped with a cooling function.
  • the pre-consolidated fiber web 23 for thermal calendering III is then passed through the nip between two rollers 24, at least one of which is profiled.
  • the pre-consolidated fiber web 23 is at least regionally - in the later bonded regions 4 - compressed and melted to a greater extent. This creates the pattern of open areas 3 and bonded areas 4.
  • the geometry of the embossing pattern can be determined via the pattern on the profiled rollers 24.
  • the finished nonwoven element 1 can then be wound onto a roll 25.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP21175899.0A 2020-05-29 2021-05-26 Élément non tissé et processus de fabrication Pending EP3926086A1 (fr)

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DE102020114549.7A DE102020114549A1 (de) 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Vliesstoffelement und Herstellungsverfahren

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WO1997024482A1 (fr) 1995-12-29 1997-07-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Bande de non-tisse non lie a motif et son procede de fabrication
US20030077430A1 (en) * 2001-10-16 2003-04-24 Hansjorg Grimm Nonwoven laminate material for mechanical closure systems, method for its production, and its use
US20060019572A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-01-26 Aplix, S.A. Hook and loop fastener device
US20120276347A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Jnc Fibers Corporation Rugged elastic nonwoven fabric and method for manufacturing the same
WO2017112509A1 (fr) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Tissu non-tissé à fibres courtes, élément de boucle pour fixation de surface, et article hygiénique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4948127B2 (ja) 2005-12-07 2012-06-06 花王株式会社 熱伸長性繊維
ES2541151T3 (es) * 2006-10-27 2015-07-16 Paul Hartmann Ag Artículo de incontinencia absorbente con sistema de cierre mejorado
US8673097B2 (en) * 2007-06-07 2014-03-18 Velcro Industries B.V. Anchoring loops of fibers needled into a carrier sheet
FR2952791B1 (fr) * 2009-11-20 2012-01-06 Aplix Sa Partie femelle a boucles a film et filaments ancres par thermotraction
PL2862708T3 (pl) * 2013-10-18 2016-11-30 Tworzący pętelki element zapinający do zapięć na rzep jak i sposób wytwarzania elementu zapinającego
JP6622025B2 (ja) * 2014-08-26 2019-12-18 日東電工株式会社 面ファスナー雌部材

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997024482A1 (fr) 1995-12-29 1997-07-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Bande de non-tisse non lie a motif et son procede de fabrication
US20030077430A1 (en) * 2001-10-16 2003-04-24 Hansjorg Grimm Nonwoven laminate material for mechanical closure systems, method for its production, and its use
US20060019572A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-01-26 Aplix, S.A. Hook and loop fastener device
US20120276347A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Jnc Fibers Corporation Rugged elastic nonwoven fabric and method for manufacturing the same
WO2017112509A1 (fr) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Tissu non-tissé à fibres courtes, élément de boucle pour fixation de surface, et article hygiénique
JP2017113391A (ja) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 短繊維不織布、面ファスナー用ループ部材及び衛生用品

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US20210368948A1 (en) 2021-12-02

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