EP3922317A1 - Dispositif de distribution d'air personnel pour une cabine d'aéronef - Google Patents

Dispositif de distribution d'air personnel pour une cabine d'aéronef Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3922317A1
EP3922317A1 EP20382492.5A EP20382492A EP3922317A1 EP 3922317 A1 EP3922317 A1 EP 3922317A1 EP 20382492 A EP20382492 A EP 20382492A EP 3922317 A1 EP3922317 A1 EP 3922317A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
head
veil
person
air distribution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20382492.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Raul Carlos Llamas Sandin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations SL
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations SL filed Critical Airbus Operations SL
Priority to EP20382492.5A priority Critical patent/EP3922317A1/fr
Publication of EP3922317A1 publication Critical patent/EP3922317A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/14—Respiratory apparatus for high-altitude aircraft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/04—Hoods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/003—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort having means for creating a fresh air curtain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/04—Gas helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/10—Respiratory apparatus with filter elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/12—Respiratory apparatus with fresh-air hose

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a personal air distribution device for an aircraft cabin.
  • the invention relates to a device for distribution of conditioned air to a passenger in an aircraft.
  • Aircraft passengers expect to breathe clean air. That includes the expectancy for breathing an air clean of germs. The tolerance for potential contamination by other passengers is expected to drastically lower. Although the air of an aircraft cabin is often renewed, highly filtered and sterilized, and drawn from the higher atmosphere, some passengers may still perceive an aircraft cabin as a closed space with many persons where they could be contaminated. That may particularly be the case when a nearby passenger sneezes or coughs.
  • the invention aims to provide an air distribution device for an aircraft cabin that gives a feeling of sanitary safety to its wearer.
  • the invention aims to provide a comfortable individual air distribution device.
  • the invention aims to provide a device that separates the air breathed by a passenger from the air breathed by another passenger.
  • the invention aims to provide an economical personal air distribution device.
  • the invention aims to provide a device that is easy to install and remove.
  • the invention proposes an air distribution device for an aircraft cabin, comprising:
  • the term 'breathable' and its family-related terms are used as synonyms to air-permeable. Different degrees of 'breathability' are meant to describe different levels or permeability to air, or said otherwise different resistance to a flow of air through.
  • head of a person is used to designate the portion of a person situated above its neck, including its face.
  • face or front or frontal, back, and side or lateral are used in reference to a person's head portions and are particularly to refer to portions of the device meant to be worn towards a corresponding portion of a person's head.
  • freshness air' is used in reference to air that is healthy, devoid of germs, filtered and/or clean, and not in reference to its temperature.
  • the cabin air distribution nozzle is a nozzle of the cabin air distribution system.
  • the cabin air distribution nozzle is traditionally adapted to inject fresh air into the cabin.
  • the connector is adapted to be connected on the distribution nozzle.
  • the connector may be plugged onto the distribution nozzle.
  • the duct allows air distributed from the distribution nozzle to circulate towards the veil.
  • the breathable veil is adapted to let air through.
  • the breathable veil may be made in synthetic materials or natural materials such as paper, linen, cotton, etc..
  • the breathable veil may comprise one or more layers.
  • the breathable veil may comprise at least one fabric layer, such as for example tulle.
  • the breathable veil is beneficially transparent, so as to let a wearer of a device according to the invention to see through the veil.
  • a device circumscribes a personal volume of air from the cabin air volume. Air is injected in the cabin through the personal volumes of the passengers circumscribed by their individual veils, and it is sucked at another point of the cabin, such that as long as the cabin air distribution system is working and air is injected through the air distribution nozzles, air flows from the personal volumes through the veils towards the cabin air volume.
  • a device thereby allows to create an individual positive pressure air volume around a person's head.
  • the migration of germs such as virus or microbes present in the cabin air volume towards a person's head - and in particular respiratory system - is thus rendered difficult by the flow of air through the veil from the personal volume towards the outside of the personal volume.
  • the transmission of germs from one person to another is thereby significantly limited.
  • a passenger wearing an air distribution device will breathe fresh air directly distributed by the air distribution nozzle from the air distribution system of the aircraft.
  • the air distribution system of an aircraft comprises filters adapted to filter out very small particles including most bacteria and viruses. Moreover, at least part of the air has been exposed to very high temperature and/or is incoming from high altitude atmosphere and is therefore devoid of any germ when introduced in the cabin through the air distribution nozzle.
  • a device according to the invention ensures that a passenger wearing such device will only breathe such sterile air distributed by the air distribution system, before it mixes with the existing cabin air.
  • a device according to the invention is very easy to install as it only needs to be placed on the head of a passenger, and to connect the connector to an air distribution nozzle. Besides it may be removed easily, so that the person wearing the device may easily go to the toilet, or remove the device in case of an emergency.
  • the breathable veil may be attached to the head support so as to at least partially surround a person's head when the head support is placed on the person's head.
  • the veil may be adapted to at least partially circumscribe a personal volume of air around the person's head.
  • the head support may comprise an overhang.
  • the veil is attached to the head support so as to hang from the overhang portion.
  • the personal volume around a person's head is therefore increased.
  • the overhang portion therefore provides good comfort of the air distribution device as it provides more space around a person's head.
  • the head support may comprise:
  • the back side may be different from the front side.
  • the front side may be of transparent plastic.
  • the overhang may be transparent.
  • the head support may also comprise one or two lateral sides between the front side and the back side. Said lateral sides may be different from the front side and/or the back side.
  • the head support may comprise an overhang on a front side meant to be worn on the face side of a person's head.
  • the overhang of the head support is on a front side of the head support, said front side being meant to be worn towards a face side of a person's head.
  • the additional space provided by the overhang portion on the front side is thereby offered around the face of a person's head. A good comfort of a passenger wearing the personal air distribution device according to the invention is thereby ensured.
  • the breathable veil may comprise, in at least one portion, a plurality of layers.
  • the layers may be joined together, so as to form a thicker, and thus less breathable veil.
  • the breathable veil may comprise:
  • the frontal veil portion is adapted to be worn on the face side of a person's head
  • the frontal veil portion may be arranged on the front side of the head support. In some embodiments the frontal veil portion may be arranged on the overhang portion of the head support.
  • the frontal veil portion may be less breathable than the back veil portion. Thereby, germs emitted by a person wearing such device will be better stopped by the frontal veil portion. Indeed, people mainly eject germs through their nose and mouth, by respiration, sneezing or coughing.
  • the frontal veil portion may be airtight, such that no air and particles may be emitted by the wearer of a device according to the invention on a front side of said device.
  • the frontal veil portion may be transparent in order to let a person wearing the device see through the veil.
  • the frontal veil portion may comprise at least one layer of transparent airtight plastic.
  • the back veil portion may be arranged on a lateral side and/or back side of the head support.
  • the device may comprises an inner head cover adapted to be placed directly on a person's head.
  • the inner head cover is adapted to cover a person's head.
  • the inner head cover may be adapted to be in direct contact with a person's head.
  • the inner head cover may be adapted to be placed directly on a person's hair.
  • the inner head cover may comprise or be made of a comfortable material.
  • the inner head cover may be thermally insulating in order to provide a good thermal comfort of the head by reducing the thermal impact of the air circulating directly above the inner head support.
  • the device may comprise an outer head cover delimitating a head cover space with the inner head cover, said head cover space being adapted for air to circulate within.
  • the outer head cover is arranged at a non-null distance from the inner head cover, so as to delimitate the head cover space between the outer head cover and the inner head cover.
  • the inner head cover may protect a person's head from the surrounding air.
  • the inner head cover may protect a person's head from air circulating in the head cover space, between the inner head cover and the outer head cover.
  • Such inner head cover thereby provides some thermal insulation to the person's head, so as to not be affected by changes in temperatures or the fresh air from the air distribution system.
  • the head cover space may be hydraulically communicated with the air duct and with the personal volume of air.
  • the head cover space between the inner head cover and the outer head cover is in hydraulic communication with the air duct at a first point, and is in hydraulic communication with the personal volume at a second point.
  • the head cover space is therefore adapted to circulate fresh air from the air duct to the personal volume.
  • the outer head cover may be impermeable to air (or airtight), such that, although the head cover space has a positive pressure compared to the cabin air volume, no mix happens between fresh air incoming from the air duct and the cabin air in the head cover space.
  • the pressure difference between the personal volume and the cabin air volume is also higher in embodiments in which the outer head cover is airtight, thereby ensuring a lower contamination probability of the personal volume of air.
  • the device may comprise an airflow limiting wall between a back side of the head cover space and the personal volume of air.
  • the airflow limiting wall may be continuous or interrupted by one or more holes to let some air through.
  • the airflow limiting wall may be an airtight dividing wall between a back side of the head cover space and the personal volume of air.
  • the outer head cover and the inner head cover may be joined in at least one area, so as to impede any flow of air between the outer head cover and the inner head cover in this area.
  • the outer head cover and the inner head cover may for example be joined to each other on the back side and/or on the lateral sides of the device.
  • the outer head cover and the inner head cover may be joined at manufacturing, for example by a one-shot molding of the head cover, or may be joined afterwards, for example by gluing, sewing or riveting.
  • the airflow limiting wall extends continuously from one lateral side, along the back side and to another lateral side of the head cover space.
  • the head cover space is thus open only on a front side, adapted to be worn towards the face side of a person's head, of the personal volume of air.
  • the airflow limiting wall ensures that a large amount of the fresh air flow from the air distribution system is injected in the personal volume on a front side of the personal volume rather than on a back side of the personal volume.
  • fresh air is mainly introduced on a front side of the personal volume in which the face of a person would be.
  • the fresh air from the air distribution system is introduced in the personal volume on the face side of the person, thereby ensuring that the air breathed by the person is devoid of germs.
  • the air is forced to circulate from the face of the person towards the sides and/or back of the person, such that the person breathes fresh air in from the air distribution system, and breathes air out towards the cabin air volume.
  • An air circulation is forced from the front of a person wearing a device of the invention, to its respiratory system or around its face, and towards the lateral and/or back portion of its head.
  • the fresh air introduced in the personal volume may separate by a non-null distance from the person's head surface, thereby minimizing lack of comfort that could result from air impinging directly on the head.
  • a section for a flow of air in the head cover space is bigger than a section for a flow of air in the air duct.
  • the section available for a flow of air in the head cover space is bigger than the section available for a flow of air in the air duct.
  • the static pressure of the air in the head cover space and the personal volume is higher.
  • the positive pressure in the personal volume is thereby ensured.
  • the device may comprise, between the air duct and the head cover space, a diffuser (that is a reducer in an inverted position: from small diameter to large diameter) along a flow of air flowing from the air duct towards the head cover space.
  • a diffuser that is a reducer in an inverted position: from small diameter to large diameter
  • the section for a flow of air in the head cover space may be increasing along a flow of air incoming from the air duct towards the personal volume of air.
  • the section available for air to flow in the head cover space between the inner head cover and the outer head cover may increase as it flows around a person's head towards the personal volume.
  • the device may comprise at least one air filter between the connector and the personal volume of air.
  • the one or more filter(s) may be adapted to filter germs such as bacteria and viruses.
  • the filter(s) may ensure that the air supplied to a person in the personal volume is absolutely devoid of germs.
  • the filter avoids that any germ which may have been deposited on the cabin air distribution nozzle before a device according to the invention is connected to said distribution nozzle, be distributed to the personal volume once fresh air is supplied through the distribution nozzle.
  • the at least one filter may be placed at any point between the connector and the personal volume. It may be placed for example: in the connector, in the duct, between the head cover space, etc.
  • the duct may be flexible.
  • the duct thus facilitates the movement of the person, in particular of the person's head.
  • the length of the duct may be enough such that any person may move the head laterally by at least a predefined length.
  • the duct may also be extendable so as to adapt to a person's height.
  • a different air distribution device may be used for children.
  • a device according to the invention may be reusable.
  • a device according to the invention may be washable.
  • the invention also extends to an aircraft comprising at least one air distribution device according to the invention.
  • FIG 1 an air distribution device 10 according to a particular embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • Figure 2 shows the same device 10, while in use by a person 28.
  • the air distribution device 10 comprises a connector 11 adapted to be connected to a cabin air distribution nozzle 23.
  • the connector is arranged at a first end of a flexible air duct 12.
  • the other end of the air duct 12 is connected to a head support through a diffuser13.
  • the diffuser 13 has a smaller inner diameter on a first side at which it is connected to the air duct 12 than an inner diameter on an opposite side at which it is connected to the head support. That is: the section available for a flow of air in an upstream half of the diffuser 13 is smaller than the section available for a flow of air in a downstream half of the diffuser 13. Air flowing in the air duct 12 towards the head support thus slows down in the diffuser 13. The static pressure of air flowing in the diffuser 13 from the duct 12 to the head cover space 14 thus increases.
  • the device 10 may comprise an air filter (not represented).
  • the air filter may for example be placed in the connector 11, in the duct 12 or in the diffuser 13.
  • the head support comprises an inner head support 15 and an outer head support 16.
  • the inner head support 15 and the outer head support 16 may be maintained at a distance from each other by punctual supports (not represented).
  • a head cover space 14 is left available for a flow of air between the inner head support 15 and the outer head support 16.
  • the device 10 also comprises an airflow limiting wall 21 on each lateral side of the head cover space 14.
  • the airflow limiting wall 21 joins the inner head support 15 and the outer head support 16 such that any flow of air through the airflow limiting wall 21 is limited or impeded.
  • a flow of air may be impeded from a frontal portion of the head cover space 14 towards a back portion of the head cover space 14, such that air injected in the head cover space 14 will flow towards a frontal opening towards a personal volume of air 30 and not towards a back portion of the personal volume of air 30.
  • Air impinging the neck of a person 28 may thus be limited or completely avoided.
  • the device 10 thereby provides a good comfort to a person 28 wearing said device 10.
  • the inner head support 15 and the outer head support 16 may be joined to each other in the back portion 20 of the head support so as to impede a flow of air from the head cover space 14 towards the back or neck of a person 28 wearing the device.
  • the section of the head cover space 14 remaining available for a flow of air - i.e. in this embodiment in the frontal portion of the head support - is bigger than a section available for a flow of air in the duct 12. More specifically, the section of the head cover space 14 remaining available for a flow of air is bigger than a section available for a flow of air in the downstream half of the diffuser 13. Moreover, as the section of the head cover space 14 increases from the point at which it is connected with the diffuser 13 to a point at which it is connected with a personal volume 30 of air. The static pressure of air flowing in the head cover space 14 from the diffuser 13 to the personal volume 30 thus increases.
  • a veil 35 is attached to a rim 26 of the head support so as to hang from the head cover.
  • the veil 35 is attached to a rim 26 of the outer head cover 16.
  • the veil 35 encloses a personal volume of air 30 from all-around said volume of air 30. That is to say, the veil 35 encloses the personal volume at 360 degrees around a person's head 22.
  • the veil 35 has a bottom edge 19. When worn by a person 28, the bottom edge 19 may be hanging in the air, or the veil may be designed such that the bottom edge 19 at least partially makes contact with the person 28 - in particular with shoulders of the person 28.
  • the veil 35 comprises two portions: a frontal portion 17 of the veil and a back portion 18 of the veil.
  • the frontal portion 17 of the veil is less breathable than the back portion 18 of the veil.
  • Fresh air 26 introduced in the personal volume 30 is thus forced to circulate from a front portion of the personal volume where it is introduced in the personal volume 30 towards a lateral or back portion of the personal volume, or towards a downside of the personal volume to get out of the personal volume.
  • the frontal portion 17 of the veil may for example be a transparent plastic sheet.
  • the back portion 18 of the veil may for example be a tulle.
  • the outer head cover 16 also comprises an overhang 37 in a front portion of the head cover.
  • the veil 35, and in particular the frontal portion 17 or the veil, hangs from the overhang 37.
  • a larger personal volume is provided on a frontal side of the device 10, than in a back side of the device 10.
  • the comfort of a person 28 wearing the device 10 is thus ensured as the veil 35 does not hang directly in front or along a face 27 of the person 28, but at a predetermined distance depending on the length of the overhang 37 in front of the face 27 of the person 28.
  • the inner head support 15 is adapted to be comfortably worn on the head 22 of a person 28. It may be adaptable to a person's head 22 size or shape.
  • the head support may be made in lightweight materials.
  • FIG 2 some possible flow paths of particles of fresh air 26 injected in a cabin 29 through cabin air distribution nozzle 23 are represented with short dash lines and arrows.
  • a device 10 according to the invention connected by its connector 11 to a cabin air distribution nozzle 23
  • the fresh air 26 is directed by the duct 12 towards the head cover space 14.
  • the cabin air distribution nozzle 23 receives fresh air 26 from a pipe 24 of an air distribution system for the aircraft's cabin.
  • the cabin air distribution nozzle 23 is generally situated on a panel 25 above an individual seat, and each seat has a dedicated air distribution nozzle 23, such that each passenger may connect his/her air distribution device 10 according to the invention to an air distribution nozzle 23.
  • the inner head cover 15 may also comprise an overhang, such that the fresh air 26 is injected into the personal volume 30 at a predefined distance away from the face 27 of a person 28, so as to provide good comfort by avoiding fresh air impinging directly onto the person's face 27.
  • the fresh air mixed with air breathed out by a person 28 then circulates from the frontal portion of the personal volume 30 towards the lateral or back portion of the personal volume, as well as towards a downside of the personal volume. This is particularly the case in embodiments in which the frontal portion 17 of the veil is more airtight than a back portion 18 of the veil.
  • Figure 3 represents how multiple individual air distribution devices 10 according to the invention may be used by multiple passengers of an aircraft.
  • Two passengers 28 of a same row of seats are represented seated in a cabin of an aircraft.
  • the cabin encloses a cabin air volume 29. Only a portion of the fuselage 33 of the aircraft is represented in transversal cross section.
  • An air distribution system 32 adapted to provide fresh air is connected to a plurality of distribution pipes 31.
  • Each distribution pipe 31 may be adapted to distribute fresh air 26 to a row of seats, said distribution pipe 31 thereafter dividing into a plurality of pipes 24, each ending in an air distribution nozzle 23.
  • the devices 10 worn by the passengers 28 allow to create a positive air pressure difference between a personal volume of air 30 around the passengers' heads 22 and the cabin air volume 29.
  • Air breathed out by each passengers is then led away from them towards the cabin air volume 29.
  • Air breathed out by other surrounding passengers may not enter a personal volume of air 30 thanks to its positive pressure compared to the cabin air volume 29.
  • the cabin air volume 29 is additionally sucked away through extracting mouths 38, thereby ensuring the pressure difference between the personal volumes 30 and the cabin air volume 29.
  • the cabin air is led back into an air distribution system 32 in which it will be processed, filtered, sterilized, etc. and may be mixed with new fresh air from outside the aircraft, or it may be evacuated and replaced with new fresh air from outside the aircraft.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
EP20382492.5A 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 Dispositif de distribution d'air personnel pour une cabine d'aéronef Withdrawn EP3922317A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20382492.5A EP3922317A1 (fr) 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 Dispositif de distribution d'air personnel pour une cabine d'aéronef

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20382492.5A EP3922317A1 (fr) 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 Dispositif de distribution d'air personnel pour une cabine d'aéronef

Publications (1)

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EP3922317A1 true EP3922317A1 (fr) 2021-12-15

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EP20382492.5A Withdrawn EP3922317A1 (fr) 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 Dispositif de distribution d'air personnel pour une cabine d'aéronef

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230172302A1 (en) * 2021-12-07 2023-06-08 Rugged Race Products, Inc. Universal helmet pumper skirt

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1863467U (de) * 1962-08-10 1962-12-06 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzhaube.
US4127130A (en) * 1977-06-02 1978-11-28 Naysmith Kenneth D Air muffler
DE3409967A1 (de) * 1984-03-19 1985-09-26 Gerhard 3429 Krebeck Lorenz Pollenschutzhaube
US5133344A (en) * 1991-06-03 1992-07-28 Environmental Safety First Industries, Inc. Inflatable protective hood
US20070068520A1 (en) * 2005-08-03 2007-03-29 The Boeing Company Self-donning supplemental oxygen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1863467U (de) * 1962-08-10 1962-12-06 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzhaube.
US4127130A (en) * 1977-06-02 1978-11-28 Naysmith Kenneth D Air muffler
DE3409967A1 (de) * 1984-03-19 1985-09-26 Gerhard 3429 Krebeck Lorenz Pollenschutzhaube
US5133344A (en) * 1991-06-03 1992-07-28 Environmental Safety First Industries, Inc. Inflatable protective hood
US20070068520A1 (en) * 2005-08-03 2007-03-29 The Boeing Company Self-donning supplemental oxygen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230172302A1 (en) * 2021-12-07 2023-06-08 Rugged Race Products, Inc. Universal helmet pumper skirt

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