EP3918138A1 - Verfahren zur zustandsschätzung von lage und orientierung von mehreren beweglichen modulen eines gemeinsamen systems - Google Patents
Verfahren zur zustandsschätzung von lage und orientierung von mehreren beweglichen modulen eines gemeinsamen systemsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3918138A1 EP3918138A1 EP20701593.4A EP20701593A EP3918138A1 EP 3918138 A1 EP3918138 A1 EP 3918138A1 EP 20701593 A EP20701593 A EP 20701593A EP 3918138 A1 EP3918138 A1 EP 3918138A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mess
- ref
- modules
- joint
- orientation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/264—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool
- E02F9/265—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool with follow-up actions (e.g. control signals sent to actuate the work tool)
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for estimating the state of the position and orientation of a plurality of modules of a common system that are movable with respect to one another, in which kinematic relationships between the movable modules and the joints flow into the state estimation.
- the invention further relates to a computer program that executes every step of the method when it runs on a computing device, and to a machine-readable storage medium that stores the computer program.
- the invention relates to an electronic control device which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an excavator 1 with a substructure U and a superstructure L1 as an example of a work machine, the superstructure L1 being able to be rotated horizontally with respect to the undercarriage U via a first joint J1.
- a first sensor unit S1 is arranged on the superstructure L1
- the excavator 1 has an excavator arm 2 with further links boom L2, adjustable boom L3 and stick L4, and a bucket 3 or L5.
- boom L2 is connected to the superstructure L1 of the excavator 1 via a second joint J2
- adjustable boom L3 is connected to the boom L2 via a third joint J3
- the arm L4 is connected to the adjustable boom L3 via a fourth joint J4
- the bucket L5 is connected to the stem L4 via a fifth joint J5.
- a sensor unit S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 is arranged on each link L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, which has inertial sensors and a magnetometer.
- the inertial sensors are acceleration sensors and rotation rate sensors, which measure the linear acceleration and the rotation rate of the respective sensor compared to a fixed reference coordinate system.
- the sensor units S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 are acceleration sensors and rotation rate sensors, which measure the linear acceleration and the rotation rate of the respective sensor compared to a fixed reference coordinate system.
- FIG. 2 A known method for estimating the state of the superstructure L1 and boom L2 is shown in FIG. 2 and is briefly explained below with reference to this figure:
- a transformation matrix Twu and a unit quaternion qwu that can be derived therefrom, which indicate the position and the orientation of the undercarriage U in the global coordinate system W, are provided 10.
- the sensor units S1, S2 also not shown in FIG other sensors S3, S4, S5
- the measurement signals are the angular velocity designated w, that designated a
- the left-hand index indicates the reference coordinate system in which the respective measured value was recorded.
- the measured angular velocity S1 w mess , the measured acceleration S1 a mess and the measured magnetic field S1 m mess for the superstructure L1 pass through a filter 21, which, among other things, results in a quaternion q W, 1 which prevents the rotation of the superstructure L1 relative to the global coordinate system W represents, and the estimated
- Angular velocity L1 w est of the uppercarriage L1 can be determined.
- a first joint angle q 1 is now determined 40 using the quaternion q W, 1 of the superstructure L1 and the unit quaternion of the undercarriage U, and the transformation matrix T U, L1 for the transition between the undercarriage U and the uppercarriage L1 is determined 41.
- the transformation matrix T W, U for is multiplied by a matrix 42 the undercarriage U with the transformation matrix T U, L1 for the transition between the undercarriage U and the superstructure L1, in order to
- the measured angular velocity S2 w mess , the measured acceleration S2 a mess and the measured magnetic field S2 m mess for the extension arm L2 of the excavator arm 2 are recorded 30 by the second sensor S2 and pass through a filter 31, whereby among other things a quaternion q W , 2 , which represents the rotation of the boom L2 with respect to the global coordinate system W, and the estimated angular velocity L2 w est of the boom L2 are determined.
- a second joint angle q 2 is now determined 50 for the second joint J2 by means of the quaternion q W, L2 of the boom L2 and by means of the quaternion q W, 1 of the superstructure L1
- the measurements of the magnetometers are characterized by the large mass of metal and the resulting changes in the magnetic field so changed that they are often unusable or at least unreliable. It is also possible for the measurements of the individual magnetometers to be influenced differently, so that state estimates for the respective modules or links drift apart and configurations of the orientation and / or position of the modules or links arise in the state estimates, which according to the kinematics are not possible are. As an example, there is one
- a module can be understood to mean a link.
- kinematic relationships represent at least one of the joints and the two modules connected to the joint. Since measurements are carried out at most indirectly, but rather the determination of the vectors mentioned can rather be regarded as so-called virtual measurements, the at least one vector will also be referred to as a virtual vector. This vector pair then in the state estimation of the modules.
- the kinematic relationships can in particular be kinematic constraints, which represent the limitations of the components. For example, a joint can typically only turn to a maximum angle and fixed modules cannot overlap.
- a first vector pair represents the kinematic relationship that the joint has the same joint axis from the perspective of each of the two modules that are connected to the joint.
- the expression "from the point of view of " indicates which coordinate system is used for consideration. In other words, the location is and
- the first vector also makes the kinematic relationship
- a second vector pair represents the kinematic relationship that a measured joint angle from the perspective of a module that is connected to the joint specifies at least one axis of the other module that is connected to the joint.
- the hinge angle can e.g. B. can be measured by a joint angle sensor.
- the at least one pair of vectors preferably flows in when the sensor data of the inertial sensor associated with the respective module is fused.
- the two pairs of vectors above are for each
- Inertial sensor determines and is included in the associated filtering of the sensor data of this sensor.
- the fusion is particularly preferably carried out by filtering.
- other sensor fusion methods can also be used, e.g. B. those based on an evaluation of graphs.
- the modules are typically arranged along a kinematic chain, i.e. the movement of a module depends on the movement of the previously arranged module.
- the vectors for one module after the other are preferably determined in order, starting with a first module which is connected to a fixed reference, in particular in the global coordinate system.
- the computer program is set up to carry out every step of the method, in particular if it is carried out on a computing device or control device. It enables the method to be implemented in a conventional electronic control unit without having to make structural changes to it. For this it is on the machine readable
- the electronic control unit is obtained, which is set up to allow the kinematic relationships to be included in the state estimation.
- the method is used in a work machine that has a multi-part, articulated arm.
- a work machine that has a multi-part, articulated arm.
- Working machine is an excavator with a bucket arm.
- the modules correspond the limbs of the arm, can also other parts of the excavator, such. B. correspond to a superstructure.
- Figure 1 shows a work machine in the form of an excavator according to the prior art, on which the inventive method can be carried out.
- FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of the method for state estimation according to the prior art.
- FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for state estimation according to an embodiment of the invention.
- An embodiment of the method according to the invention for estimating the position and orientation of movable modules of an excavator 1 from FIG. 1 is described below.
- An upper carriage L1, boom L2, adjustable boom L3, arm L4 and shovel L5 are regarded as movable modules to form an undercarriage U.
- the movable modules are connected to one another along a kinematic chain via joints J1, J2, J3, J4, J5 and each have sensor units S1, S2, S3, S4, S5
- Inertial sensors and magnetometers include, on. A detailed
- FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of the embodiment of the method according to the invention. The same steps as in the method according to the prior art shown in FIG. 2 are identified by the same reference symbols and their description is omitted.
- the right-hand index indicates between which modules or coordinate systems the movement takes place and the left-hand index indicates from which coordinate system the movement is viewed (the expression "from the perspective of " indicates which one
- Coordinate system is used for consideration). For each sensor S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, a determination 100, 110 of the vector pair Si n mess, i , W n ref, i and a determination 101, 111 of the second vector pair Si o mess, i , W o ref are carried out , i (index i stands here for any module with associated sensor), which are explained in detail below.
- index i stands here for any module with associated sensor
- the vectors Si n mess, i , W n ref, i and Si o mess, i , W o ref, i are included in the filtering 21, 31 in order to determine the deviation or error between the virtual measurements and minimize the expected reference values W n ref, i and W o ref, i :
- S i n mess, i and Si o mess, i are the vectors measured (or virtually measured) in the sensor coordinate system, R W, Si indicates the orientation of the sensor Si relative to the global coordinate system W and W n ref, i and W o ref, i are the vectors as a reference from the perspective of the global coordinate system W.
- the first sensor unit S1 is arranged on the superstructure L1 and has inertial sensors and an articulation angle sensor.
- the superstructure L1 is connected to the undercarriage U along a kinematic chain via a first joint J1.
- the determination 100 of the first vector pair S1 n mess, 1 , W n ref, 1 is carried out as follows:
- the articulation axis of the first articulation J1, which connects the successive modules superstructure L1 and undercarriage U, can be specified directly relative to both coordinate systems of the modules. If the vector S 1 n mess, 1 of the first vector pair is used for the first sensor S1 arranged on the superstructure L1, using those assumed to be known
- the previous module is the module that is arranged in front of the current module along a kinematic chain that starts from the stationary module and is directly connected to it.
- the previous module is the undercarriage U:
- R L1, S1 denotes a constant application parameter, which represents the orientation of the first sensor S1 relative to the superstructure L1 and can be assumed to be known.
- R U, L1 represents the rotation portion of the
- q i denotes the variable joint angle and d i , a i and a i are constant kinematic joint parameters.
- R L1 denotes the inverse or transposed rotation matrix of R U, L
- the first vector W n ref can be specified as a reference from the point of view of the global coordinate system W according to formula 7 via the state estimation of the orientation of the previous link, that is to say of the undercarriage U:
- the determination 101 of the second vector pair S1 o mess, 1 , W o ref, 1 (also for the first sensor S1) is carried out as follows: According to formula 9, a virtual measurement of the second vector in the
- R S1 , L1 denotes the inverse or transposed rotation matrix of R L1, S1 and is therefore also a constant application parameter, which represents the orientation of the first sensor S1 relative to the superstructure L1 and can be assumed to be known.
- the second vector W o ref, 1 can be used as a reference from the point of view of the global coordinate system W according to formula 10 via the state estimation of the orientation of the previous link, that is to say of the undercarriage U, and the
- This vector only depends on the orientation of the undercarriage U in relation to the reference coordinate system W and the measured joint angle q 1 . More generally, this vector depends only on the
- the determination 110 shown in FIG. 3 of the first vector pair S2 n mess, 2 , W n ref, 2 and determination 111 of the second vector pair S2 o mess, 2 , W ref, 2 for the second sensor S2 can be carried out in an analogous manner. This also applies to the determination of the vectors for the other sensors S3, S4, S5, which are not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019201091.1A DE102019201091A1 (de) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | Verfahren zur Zustandsschätzung von Lage und Orientierung von mehreren beweglichen Modulen eines gemeinsamen Systems |
| PCT/EP2020/051473 WO2020156897A1 (de) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-22 | Verfahren zur zustandsschätzung von lage und orientierung von mehreren beweglichen modulen eines gemeinsamen systems |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3918138A1 true EP3918138A1 (de) | 2021-12-08 |
| EP3918138B1 EP3918138B1 (de) | 2025-10-01 |
Family
ID=69187795
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20701593.4A Active EP3918138B1 (de) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-22 | Verfahren zur zustandsschätzung von lage und orientierung von mehreren beweglichen modulen eines gemeinsamen systems |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220162834A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3918138B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7250940B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113330167B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019201091A1 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI3918138T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020156897A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202021103332U1 (de) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-07-05 | Robert Schreiber | Minibagger mit Verstellausleger |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170218595A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavating Implement Heading Control |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19918140A1 (de) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-12 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Meßanordnung zur Regelung von Robotern, Werkzeugmaschinen und dergleichen sowie ein mit dieser Meßanordnung durchgeführtes Meßverfahren |
| DE102005025536A1 (de) * | 2005-06-03 | 2007-02-01 | Technische Universität Ilmenau | Mobile Arbeitsmaschinen, insbesondere hydraulisch angetriebene Erdbaumaschinen, und Verfahren zur Erd- und Schüttgutbewegung |
| DE102009018070A1 (de) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Mobile Arbeitsmaschine mit einer Positionsregeleinrichtung eines Arbeitsarms und Verfahren zur Positionregelung eines Arbeitsarms einer mobilen Arbeitsmaschine |
| US8463569B2 (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2013-06-11 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Method of operating a magnetic compass on a machine |
| JP6053714B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2016-12-27 | 日立建機株式会社 | 油圧ショベル |
| US9587969B2 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-03-07 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | Automatic identification of sensors |
| WO2015199570A1 (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-12-30 | Llc "Topcon Positioning Systems" | Estimation with gyros of the relative attitude between a vehicle body and an implement operably coupled to the vehicle body |
| US9428885B2 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-08-30 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Guidance system for earthmoving machinery |
| US20160160472A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-09 | Caterpillar Global Mining Llc | System for Determining a Position of a Component |
| AR104370A1 (es) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-07-19 | Leica Geosystems Pty Ltd | Compensación magnetométrica |
| AR104232A1 (es) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-07-05 | Leica Geosystems Pty Ltd | Compensación dinámica del movimiento en maquinarias |
| US9617708B2 (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-04-11 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for correcting a position of an excavation vehicle using tilt compensation |
| JP6684682B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-18 | 2020-04-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 建設機械 |
| US10801177B2 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2020-10-13 | Built Robotics Inc. | Excavating earth from a dig site using an excavation vehicle |
| US10030354B1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-07-24 | CNH Industrial America, LLC | Anti-spill for loaders |
| DE102017203653A1 (de) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Positionsbestimmung von Kinematiken insbesondere mobiler Arbeitsmaschinen |
| JP6707047B2 (ja) | 2017-03-17 | 2020-06-10 | 日立建機株式会社 | 建設機械 |
| US20180313061A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Control system using fuzzy logic to display machine productivity data |
-
2019
- 2019-01-29 DE DE102019201091.1A patent/DE102019201091A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-01-22 CN CN202080011335.7A patent/CN113330167B/zh active Active
- 2020-01-22 US US17/425,768 patent/US20220162834A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-01-22 EP EP20701593.4A patent/EP3918138B1/de active Active
- 2020-01-22 JP JP2021544239A patent/JP7250940B2/ja active Active
- 2020-01-22 FI FIEP20701593.4T patent/FI3918138T3/fi active
- 2020-01-22 WO PCT/EP2020/051473 patent/WO2020156897A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170218595A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavating Implement Heading Control |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113330167B (zh) | 2022-11-22 |
| JP7250940B2 (ja) | 2023-04-03 |
| FI3918138T3 (fi) | 2025-12-08 |
| CN113330167A (zh) | 2021-08-31 |
| EP3918138B1 (de) | 2025-10-01 |
| JP2022523713A (ja) | 2022-04-26 |
| WO2020156897A1 (de) | 2020-08-06 |
| DE102019201091A1 (de) | 2020-07-30 |
| US20220162834A1 (en) | 2022-05-26 |
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