EP3914904A1 - Messgerät zur bestimmung eines dielektrizitätswertes - Google Patents
Messgerät zur bestimmung eines dielektrizitätswertesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3914904A1 EP3914904A1 EP19829425.8A EP19829425A EP3914904A1 EP 3914904 A1 EP3914904 A1 EP 3914904A1 EP 19829425 A EP19829425 A EP 19829425A EP 3914904 A1 EP3914904 A1 EP 3914904A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- shf
- evaluation
- measuring device
- designed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/221—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance by investigating the dielectric properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2617—Measuring dielectric properties, e.g. constants
- G01R27/2623—Measuring-systems or electronic circuits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
- G01F23/2845—Electromagnetic waves for discrete levels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a measuring device for determining a dielectric value of a filling material and a corresponding method for operating the measuring device.
- sensors are used that are used, for example, in level measuring devices, flow measuring devices, pressure and temperature measuring devices, pH redox potential measuring devices,
- Conductivity meters etc. are used. They record the corresponding process variables, such as level, flow, pressure, temperature, pH value,
- Redox potential conductivity or the dielectric value.
- a large number of these field devices are manufactured and sold by Endress + Hauser.
- “Dielectric constant” or “relative permittivity”) of filling goods in containers is of great interest for solids as well as for liquid filling goods, such as fuels, waste water or chemicals, as this value is a reliable indicator of contamination, moisture content or the composition of substances can.
- the term “container” is also understood to mean non-closed containers, such as, for example, pools, lakes or flowing water.
- the capacitive measuring principle can be used to determine the dielectric value, especially in the case of liquid filling goods. The effect is used that the capacitance of a capacitor changes in proportion to the dielectric value of the medium that is located between the two electrodes of the capacitor.
- the measuring device has to be calibrated on site in the respective process plant to take the installation situation into account. On the one hand, this means additional effort during installation. On the other hand, however, the measuring device or the corresponding sensor system often arranged in closed containers. Therefore, creating a defined calibration state is like keeping a calibration medium with a defined one
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a measuring device which does not require calibration.
- a receiving antenna configured to receive the radar signal after passing through the product
- Phase difference or a signal strength of the received radar signal to determine the dielectric value Phase difference or a signal strength of the received radar signal to determine the dielectric value.
- the receiving unit can comprise a phase detector which is designed to produce a first evaluation signal which is proportional to a To generate phase difference between the received radar signal and the radio frequency signal changes.
- the signal generation unit has to include a signal divider, by means of which the high-frequency signal is transmitted from the
- the evaluation circuit can also be designed to determine, in addition or as an alternative to the real part, an imaginary part of the dielectric value if the receiving unit comprises an amplitude detector for detecting the signal strength of the received radar signal.
- the amplitude detector is to be designed so that it receives the second evaluation signal as a function of the signal strength of the
- the evaluation circuit can determine the imaginary part directly on the basis of the second evaluation signal.
- the determination can also be made indirectly, in that the amplitude detector comprises at least one first controllable receiving amplifier, which generates the second evaluation signal by means of amplification of the received radar signal.
- the evaluation circuit is to be designed in such a way that it regulates the gain of the receive amplifier by means of a control signal in such a way that the second evaluation signal is approximately constant.
- the evaluation circuit can use the second control signal the imaginary part of the
- the dynamics of the dielectric value measurement can be increased further if at least one second receiving amplifier is arranged in parallel or in series with the first receiving amplifier, which is analogous to the first receiving amplifier
- Gain of the received radar signal generates the second evaluation signal.
- the signal generation unit can comprise at least one transmission amplifier, which corresponds to that
- the first transmit amplifier can be designed to be controllable in such a way that the gain of the first transmit amplifier can be controlled by means of the control signal of the evaluation circuit.
- Time constant can calculate the quality. During a quality measurement, it is necessary for the transmit amplifier to be at a constant level by means of the control signal
- Gain factor is adjustable so as not to influence the amplitude of the received radar signal.
- the delay element can be designed to control the phase in such a way that the signal strength of the received radar signal at the amplitude detector exceeds a predefined limit value.
- the phase is thus regulated in such a way that the amplitude of the received radar signal has no minimum, which is caused by any negative interference.
- the frequency of the radar signal is roughly based on the type of product or on the
- the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a method for determining the dielectric value by means of the
- the method can be supplemented with the following method steps to determine the imaginary part of the dielectric value:
- the method can be expanded so that the functionality can be monitored (also known under the term "predictive maintenance").
- the procedure is as follows
- FIG. 1 a measuring device according to the invention for measuring the dielectric value of a filling material in a container
- FIG. 2 a schematic structure of the measuring device according to the invention
- FIG. 1 For a general understanding of the dielectric value measuring device 1 according to the invention, a schematic arrangement of the measuring device 1 on a container 2 with a filling material 3 is shown in FIG. 1. e.g. one
- Dielectric value DK includes a signal generating unit 1 1 and a receiving unit 12, which depending on the design can at least partially protrude into the interior of the container.
- the filling material 3 can be liquids such as beverages, paints, cement or fuels such as liquid gases or mineral oils.
- the measuring device 1 it is also conceivable to use the measuring device 1 in the case of bulk goods 3 in the form of bulk goods, such as, for example, cereals.
- the measuring device 1 can have a higher-level unit 4, for example a
- Wired HART or "Ethernet” can be implemented. This can be used to transmit the dielectric value DK as an amount or as a complex value with a real part and an imaginary part. However, other information about the general operating state of the measuring device 1 can also be communicated.
- Harmonic coupling is designed.
- a Gunn diode or a semiconductor oscillator could also be used.
- Receiving unit 12 are on the frequency of the radar signal SHF or
- antennas 1 12, 121 can be designed as planar patch antennas with corresponding edge lengths.
- the measuring device 1 can be designed so that it is planar with the inner wall of the container 2.
- the dielectric value DK of the filling material 3 is determined by measuring the phase difference Df of the radar signal SHF which arises between the antennas 1 12, 121 when passing through the filling material 3. To this end, the
- Receiving unit 12 has a phase detector 122, one input of which is connected to the receiving antenna 121.
- the phase detector 122 can be designed for example as a high-frequency mixer or as a Gilbert cell that is not operated in saturation.
- the second input of the phase detector 122 taps the high-frequency signal SHF in the signal generating unit 1 1 between the high-frequency resonant circuit 1 1 1 and the transmitting antenna 1 12.
- the signal generating unit 1 1 has one
- the signal divider 1 13 can be designed, for example, as a particularly asymmetrical power divider.
- the phase detector 122 thus compares the phase difference Df before transmission and after reception of the radar signal SHF. Accordingly, the output signal represents s reai des
- phase detector 122 has the phase difference Df in the form of an analog voltage value.
- Phase detector 122 in the design as a mixer or Gilbert cell are subjected to an analog / digital conversion, so that an evaluation circuit 123, for example a microcontroller, reacts on the basis of the digitized signal
- Dielectric value DK can determine.
- the calculation of the real part REDK of the dielectric value DK is based on the relationship
- phase difference Df is directly related to the phase of the
- High-frequency signal SHF is determined on the high-frequency resonant circuit 1 1 1, the dielectric value DK or the real part Re DK can be measured on the container 2 without prior calibration of the measuring device 1.
- Receiving antenna 121 branched off via a power divider 124 and fed to the input of a receiving amplifier 126 as part of an amplitude detector 125.
- this embodiment of the reception unit 123 uses the effect for determining the imaginary part IrriDK that the imaginary part IrriDK is proportional to the amplitude of the received radar signal SHF.
- the amplitude of the is not directly used to determine the imaginary part IrriDK
- the evaluation circuit 123 regulates the amplification factor of the receive amplifier 126 by means of a corresponding control signal s c in such a way that the output signal s, m of the receive amplifier 126 is kept approximately constant. Because of this form of regulation, this provides Control signal s c is the actual information about the amplitude of the received radar signal SHF, so that the evaluation circuit 123 detects the imaginary part Irri DK
- Dielectric value DK can determine based on the current value of the control signal s c . If the microcontroller of the evaluation circuit 123 has no analog input, a corresponding analog / digital converter must be connected downstream of the receive amplifier 126, as shown in FIG. 3.
- the measurement of the imaginary part IrriDK of the dielectric value DK by means of the control signal s c offers the advantage that the dynamics of the dielectric value measurement are in turn increased.
- the reception amplifier 126 can be followed by an HF detector designed as a diode in order to be able to determine the signal strength as a function of the temperature.
- the microcontroller can use a quotient from the first
- Evaluation signal s TM ie to determine the output signal of the receive amplifier 123.
- Fig. 4 shows a possible extension of the signal generating unit 1 1, with which the quality of the measuring device 1 can be measured or monitored.
- the quality in the context of the registration relates to the definition of bandwidth per center frequency.
- a delay element 1 15 is interposed between the high-frequency resonant circuit 1 1 1 and the transmitting antenna 1 12.
- the delay element 115 consists of two signal switches, between which a direct signal path of the high-frequency signal SHF runs.
- a delaying signal path is arranged between the signal switches, which delays the high-frequency signal SHF by a defined phase f.
- a delaying signal path can be implemented, for example, as described in the publication DE102012106938 A1.
- the signal switches of the delay unit 115 are designed such that the high-frequency signal SHF is guided over the delaying signal path when a control signal s t is applied, while the high-frequency signal SHF is otherwise via the direct signal path is carried.
- the signal switch at the front in terms of signal technology can be designed, for example, as a Wilkinson power divider, which is followed by an amplifier in each signal path. Depending on whether the delaying or non-delaying path is to be switched through, the gain of the
- the amplification factor must be set to zero accordingly.
- Input of the microcontroller is created.
- the evaluation circuit 123 can be informed of the time of the deceleration, so that the evaluation circuit 123 detects a corresponding change in the second evaluation signal s, m as a result of the
- the evaluation circuit can determine the quality of the measuring device 1 on the basis of the corresponding time constant.
- the measuring device 1 can be further developed so that it falls below a predefined minimum quality
- the reason for a reduction in quality can be caused on the one hand by aging of internal electronic components. On the other hand, however, the quality can also be reduced by an inhibited transmission of the radar signal SHF between the antennas 1 12, 121 due to the formation of deposits.
- the signal generating unit 1 1 also has a transmission amplifier 1 14, this must be designed such that the transmission amplifier 1 14 amplifies the high-frequency signal SHF with a constant gain during the determination of the quality, so that the amplitude measurement of the second evaluation signal s, m is not superimposed therefrom.
- the transmission amplifier 114 can again be controlled accordingly by means of the control signal s t .
- the transmission delay 114 can also be informed of the onset of the delay using the high-frequency signal SHF in such a way that a separate control circuit RK, as shown in FIG. 4, recognizes the onset of the delay on the basis of the branched-off high-frequency signal and the
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019101598.7A DE102019101598A1 (de) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Messgerät zur Bestimmung eines Dielektrizitätswertes |
PCT/EP2019/084412 WO2020151869A1 (de) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-12-10 | Messgerät zur bestimmung eines dielektrizitätswertes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3914904A1 true EP3914904A1 (de) | 2021-12-01 |
Family
ID=69063692
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19829425.8A Withdrawn EP3914904A1 (de) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-12-10 | Messgerät zur bestimmung eines dielektrizitätswertes |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220082513A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3914904A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN113302480A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019101598A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020151869A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019134159A1 (de) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Messgerät zur Bestimmung eines Dielektrizitätswertes |
DE102020121154A1 (de) | 2020-08-11 | 2022-02-17 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Dielektrizitätswert-Messgerät |
DE102022108337A1 (de) | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Dielektrizitätswert-Messgerät |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK6996A (da) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-03 | Dronningborg Ind As | Fremgangsmåde og apparat til bestemmelse af masseflowet af en kornstrøm |
FI103920B1 (fi) * | 1997-05-21 | 1999-10-15 | Valmet Automation Inc | Menetelmä kaasupitoisuuden mittaamiseksi ja kaasupitoisuusmittari |
CA2500191A1 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2002-12-05 | Intelscan Orbylgjutaekni Ehf | Apparatus and method for microwave determination of at least one physical parameter of a substance |
AU2002951784A0 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2002-10-17 | Callidan Instruments Pty Ltd | Moisture analyser |
JP4012125B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-25 | 2007-11-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電磁波制御装置およびセンシングシステム |
SE527898C2 (sv) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-04 | Astrazeneca Ab | Förfarande vid beredning av läkemedel |
DE102005044724A1 (de) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-03-22 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Laufzeitmessverfahren zur Ermittlung der Distanz |
GB2430493B (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2008-04-23 | Schlumberger Holdings | Systems and methods for measuring multiphase flow in a hydrocarbon transporting pipeline |
US7412337B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2008-08-12 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method for determining fill level on the basis of travel time of a high-frequency measuring signal |
NO326977B1 (no) * | 2006-05-02 | 2009-03-30 | Multi Phase Meters As | Fremgangsmåte og innretning for måling av konduktiviteten av vannfraksjonen i en våtgass |
EP2110688A1 (de) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-10-21 | Services Pétroliers Schlumberger | Elektromagnetisches Bohrlochmessgerät und entsprechendes Verfahren |
US8629681B1 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2014-01-14 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Microwave sensor and algorithm for moisture and density determination |
CN102262096B (zh) * | 2011-04-28 | 2013-06-12 | 吉林大学 | 基于混频技术的反射式微波含水率测量装置 |
DE102012010255B3 (de) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-14 | Elisabeth Katz | Vorrichtung zur Messung der dielektrischen und/oder magnetischen Eigenschaften einer Probe mittels einer Mikrowellen-Transmissionsmessung |
DE102012106938A1 (de) | 2012-07-30 | 2014-01-30 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Abbildende Erfassung eines Radargesichtsfelds in der Prozessautomatisierungstechnik |
DE102015117205B4 (de) | 2015-10-08 | 2020-06-18 | Finetek Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zum Messen der Permittiviät eines Materials |
DE102017130728A1 (de) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-27 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Messgerät zur Dielektrizitätswert-Bestimmung |
-
2019
- 2019-01-23 DE DE102019101598.7A patent/DE102019101598A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-12-10 EP EP19829425.8A patent/EP3914904A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-12-10 CN CN201980088886.0A patent/CN113302480A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-12-10 US US17/425,385 patent/US20220082513A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-12-10 WO PCT/EP2019/084412 patent/WO2020151869A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102019101598A1 (de) | 2020-07-23 |
US20220082513A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
WO2020151869A1 (de) | 2020-07-30 |
CN113302480A (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
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