EP3914530A1 - Rigid packaging and method for producing said packaging - Google Patents

Rigid packaging and method for producing said packaging

Info

Publication number
EP3914530A1
EP3914530A1 EP20705425.5A EP20705425A EP3914530A1 EP 3914530 A1 EP3914530 A1 EP 3914530A1 EP 20705425 A EP20705425 A EP 20705425A EP 3914530 A1 EP3914530 A1 EP 3914530A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
packaging
sheet
skeleton
cardboard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20705425.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3914530B1 (en
Inventor
Julien Hebert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hebert P
Original Assignee
Hebert P
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hebert P filed Critical Hebert P
Publication of EP3914530A1 publication Critical patent/EP3914530A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3914530B1 publication Critical patent/EP3914530B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • B65D81/3865—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation drinking cups or like containers
    • B65D81/3874—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation drinking cups or like containers formed of different materials, e.g. laminated or foam filling between walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2565/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D2565/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D2565/381—Details of packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D2565/385—Details of packaging materials of special type or form especially suited for or with means facilitating recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rigid packaging and to a method of manufacturing this packaging.
  • rigid packaging all packaging which is not flexible such as bags or films.
  • a package is considered rigid if it does not collapse under the effect of its own weight. It therefore has a three-dimensional shape which is preserved during conventional operations of storage, filling and distribution of a product contained in this packaging.
  • the invention aims to provide such packaging. It therefore relates to a rigid packaging according to claim 1.
  • the subject of the invention is also a method of manufacturing this packaging.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration, in partial section and in perspective, of a rigid packaging
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic illustration of part of the partial section of the packaging of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart of a manufacturing process of the packaging of Figure 1.
  • Figure 1 shows a rigid package 2 defining a hollow volume 4 intended to receive a product.
  • the product packaged inside the package 2 is here a food product.
  • the food product can be liquid, pasty or solid.
  • the food product can be a dairy product such as sour cream.
  • the product food can also be ice cream, candy, vegetables or any other food product which needs to be distributed in a package.
  • the volume 4 is a solid of revolution having as axis of revolution a vertical axis 6.
  • the horizontal is marked by the X and Y directions of an orthogonal reference C, U, Z.
  • the Z direction is parallel to the vertical direction. Terms such as “top”, “bottom”, “upper”, “lower” and the like are defined with respect to this Z direction.
  • the hollow volume 4 extends between a lower horizontal plane P inf and an upper horizontal plane P sup .
  • the hollow volume 4 is tapered.
  • the volume 4 is typically greater than 50 cm 3 or 100 cm 3 or 500 cm 3 and, generally, less than 1 m 3 or 0.5 m 3 .
  • the packaging 2 is a rigid packaging.
  • the package 2 has sufficient horizontal rigidity and vertical rigidity.
  • horizontal stiffness is meant the resistance of the packaging to a compressive force along a horizontal direction, that is to say a force whose direction belongs to a plane parallel to the X and Y directions.
  • vertical rigidity denotes the resistance of the packaging 2 to a vertical compressive force, that is to say to a force the direction of which is parallel to the Z direction.
  • the rigidity is sufficient when a predetermined support force applied to an outer wall of the packaging causes this outer wall to sink in, in the direction support, less than 15% or 10% or 5% of the largest of the dimensions of the package 2.
  • the predetermined support force is a force of 0.5 N applied to an area of 1 cm 2 of the outer wall of the packaging and in a direction perpendicular to this outer wall.
  • the largest of the dimensions of the package 2 is the largest of the dimensions chosen from the group consisting of:
  • the width, the length and the height of the package 2 are equal, respectively, to the width, the length and the height of the parallelepiped of smaller volume which entirely contains the package 2.
  • the maximum depression in the bearing direction is less than 1 cm or 5 mm.
  • the package 2 is also a light package.
  • the weight of the package 2 expressed in grams, is less than 10% or 5% of the hollow volume 4 expressed in cm 3 .
  • the weight of the package 2 is here less than 500 g or 250 g or 100 g and, generally, greater than 5 g.
  • the package 2 comprises a lower wall 14 and a side wall 16 as well as an upper rim 18.
  • the wall 14 is a disc centered on the axis 6 and of radius R I4 .
  • the radius R i4 is typically greater than 2 cm or 4 cm. Generally, the radius R i4 is less than 50 cm or 25 cm.
  • the lower wall 14 extends here mainly in the plane P inf .
  • the side wall 16 is a truncated cone which extends, widening, from the periphery of the wall 14 to the rim 18.
  • the rim 18 extends mainly in the plane P su .
  • the rim 18 surrounds a circular opening 20 through which the food product can be introduced and then withdrawn from the package 2.
  • the rim 18 and the opening 20 are circular and centered on the axis 6.
  • the rim 18 is arranged to receive a cover and / or a cover making it possible to completely close the opening 20.
  • it is arranged to receive a cover 22, for example, heat-sealed to the rim 18.
  • thermoplastic elements By “heat-sealed” is meant the fact that the weld which mechanically connects two thermoplastic elements together, without any degree of freedom, is obtained by heating these two elements until the melting point of these thermoplastic elements of so that the thermoplastic materials of these elements interpenetrate. By cooling, a rigid weld is thus obtained between these two elements. This welding is carried out without the addition of external material such as an adhesive. With this definition, two thermoplastic elements welded using a process known as “ultrasonic welding” are considered to be heat sealed. In fact, ultrasonic welding heats thermoplastic elements beyond their melting point.
  • the rim 18 and the cap 22 are made of a thermoplastic material capable of being heat-sealed to one another.
  • the rim 18 has a horizontal annular face 24 facing upwards onto which the periphery of the cover 22 is welded.
  • the strength of the weld between the cover 22 and the flange 18 is adjusted so that this cover 22 can be manually torn off by a user of the package 2 when it is opened.
  • the flange 18 is here a solid of revolution generated by the rotation, over 360 ° and around the axis 6, of a vertical section 26.
  • the vertical section 26 is shaped to give sufficient horizontal rigidity to this flange 18.
  • the vertical section 26 has, in places, in a horizontal direction, a thickness greater than 0.5 mm or 1 mm.
  • the section 26 is also shaped so that a cover can additionally fit on the rim 18.
  • the section 26 has for this purpose a projection 28 towards the outside of the package 2 on which a cover can come s. 'fit together by elastic mechanical deformation. So that the packaging 2 is both rigid and light, it comprises a skeleton 30 of thermoplastic material and a sheet 32 heat-sealed to this skeleton 30.
  • the sheet 32 provides, in this embodiment, most of the vertical rigidity of the packaging 2, which makes it possible to reduce the quantity of thermoplastic material used to make the skeleton 30.
  • the skeleton 30 comprises:
  • the bottom 40 is also formed by strands to produce a mesh which forms the framework of the lower wall 14.
  • the bottom 40 comprises a strand 44 which defines the edge between the walls 14 and 16.
  • this strand 44 is circular and centered on the axis 6.
  • the strand 44 has the shape of an angle, one of the wings of which is s' extends vertically and the other wing extends horizontally towards axis 6.
  • the bottom 40 also comprises one or more other horizontal strands 46 which define several stitches in the bottom 40.
  • these strands are straight strands.
  • these strands 46 extend from a portion of the strand 44 to a portion facing the strand 44 by cutting the axis 6. To simplify Figure 1, a single strand 46 has been shown.
  • the strands 42 define the shape of the side wall 16. These strands 42 form a mesh which extends from the strand 44 to the rim 18. For example, these strands 42 are straight strands. Here, these strands 42 each extend in a respective vertical plane from a portion of the strand 44 to a corresponding portion of the flange 18. To simplify Figure 1, only one of these strands 42 has been shown.
  • the skeleton 30 is made in a single block of thermoplastic material which can be injection molded.
  • the backbone 30 is made of polypropylene.
  • the sheet 32 is heat sealed on each strand and on the lower part of the flange 18 so as to completely close off all the meshes which define the walls 14 and 16 of the package 2.
  • the sheet 32 is a light and flexible sheet.
  • the sheet 32 is also designed to limit as much as possible the environmental impact of the packaging 2.
  • the sheet 32 is essentially made from an aggregate of paper fiber.
  • the term “essentially achieved” denotes here the fact that the mass of the paper fiber aggregate is greater than 50% of the total mass of the sheet 32.
  • the sheet 32 is composed of several layers directly stacked one on top of the other.
  • the structure of the sheet 32 is shown further in detail in Figure 2.
  • the sheet 32 comprises successively, going from the inside of the package 2 to the outside of the package 2:
  • the internal layer 50 is suitable for being heat sealed to the skeleton 30.
  • the internal layer 50 is made of thermoplastic material.
  • this internal layer insulates the cardboard layer 54 from humidity.
  • the internal layer 50 is also made of a material compatible with this application.
  • the internal layer 50 is made of the same thermoplastic material as that used to make the skeleton 30.
  • the internal layer is therefore made of polypropylene.
  • the thickness of the internal layer 50 is chosen as small as possible while remaining capable of performing its various functions. Typically, its thickness is less than 200 ⁇ m or 100 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m. Generally, its thickness is greater than 20 ⁇ m.
  • thermoplastic material of the skeleton 30 has fused with the inner layer 50 so that the inner layer 50 no longer forms a single block of material with the skeleton 30 .
  • the cardboard layer 54 is only composed of the aggregate of paper fibers.
  • the mass of the layer 54 represents more than 50% and, preferably, more than 60% or more than 70% of the mass of the sheet 32.
  • this cardboard layer 54 which ensures the vertical rigidity. of the packaging 2.
  • its thickness is generally greater is, most often two or three times greater than the thickness of the other layers of the sheet 32.
  • the thickness of the cardboard layer 54 is greater than 100 ⁇ m or 200 ⁇ m. Its weight per unit area is conventionally between 50 g / m 2 and 400 g / m 2 and advantageously between 100 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 .
  • the cardboard layer 54 is thick enough so that its mass represents more than 50% of the total mass of the package 2 without the cover 22 and without the cover.
  • the cardboard layer 54 is recyclable like paper or cardboard.
  • the face of the layer 54 in contact with the layer 56 is generally printed before being associated with the layer 56. This printing makes it possible to indicate various information on the product contained in the package 2 such as, for example, the name of the product. product, the manufacturer's brand, ... etc.
  • the outer layer 56 is made of a transparent material so that the printed face of the layer 54 is visible from the outside by a user. Additionally, the outer layer 56 insulates the cardboard layer 54 from exterior moisture. Typically, the layer 56 is a varnish or a transparent film deposited on the printed face of the layer 54. Here this varnish or this transparent film is made of a plastic material.
  • the thickness of the outer layer 56 is also chosen as small as possible to fulfill its functions. Generally, its thickness is less than 50 ⁇ m or 30 ⁇ m or 20 ⁇ m. Its thickness is usually also greater than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the tie layer 52 allows manual detachment of the cardboard layer 54 of the inner layer 50 by peeling. More precisely, thanks to the layer 52, the energy of adhesion of the cardboard layer 54 on the inner layer 50 is less, and preferably two or three times less, than the energy of adhesion of the inner layer 50 on the backbone 30.
  • adhesion energy denotes the energy necessary to effect the separation of these layers.
  • the adhesion energy is also referred to as "cleavage energy".
  • the tie layer 52 is made so that the energy of adhesion of this layer 52 on the inner layer 50 is greater and, preferably two or three times greater than the energy d adhesion of the layer 52 on the cardboard layer 54.
  • the latter separates from the inner layer 50 at the interface between the tie layer 52 and the internal layer 50.
  • the internal layer 50 remains fixed and integral with the backbone 30.
  • the backbone 30 and the internal layer 50 then form an object entirely of plastic material that it is easy to sort and recycle.
  • After separation there is also obtained a complex 60 formed of the tie layer 52, the cardboard layer 54 and the outer layer 56.
  • the proportion, by mass, of the paper fiber aggregate in this complex 60 is very high. larger than in the case of the sheet 32, which simplifies its sorting and recycling.
  • the sheet 32 has a gripping appendage 62 ( Figure 1).
  • the appendix 62 allows the user to pull the complex 60 in a direction perpendicular to the outer face of the sheet 32.
  • the appendix 62 is a tab which protrudes from the wall 14 or 16 of the package. 2.
  • the appendix 62 protrudes from the side wall 16.
  • the appendix 62 is fixed without any degree of freedom directly on this complex 60.
  • the adhesion energy of the outer layer 56 on the cardboard layer 54 is also greater than the adhesion energy of the cardboard layer 54 on the inner layer 50.
  • the appendage 62 is for example a protuberance of the complex 60 which extends in a direction given beyond the inner layer 50 over a predetermined distance.
  • This predetermined distance is chosen so that the user can directly grasp the appendage 62 with his fingers and pull on it.
  • the appendix 62 extends beyond the inner layer 50 for a distance greater than 5 mm or 1 cm. This predetermined distance is also generally less than 5 cm or 3 cm.
  • the tie layer 52 is made so that the force, perpendicular to the plane of the sheet 32, to be exerted to detach the complex 60 from the inner layer 50, is between 0.3 N and 10 N and, preferably, between 0.5 N and 5 N or between 1 N and 3 N.
  • numerous embodiments of the tie layer 52 are possible.
  • the tie layer is made for this purpose in a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.
  • FIG. 3 represents a method of manufacturing the packaging 2.
  • the sheet 32 is manufactured.
  • the outer face of layer 54 is printed.
  • Printing can be done by offset printing with oxidative drying inks or UV (ultraviolet) inks or by gravure or others.
  • the sheet 32 is placed inside a female shell of a mold and the outer layer 56 is directly pressed against the walls of this female shell.
  • the female shell is a movable shell.
  • the walls of the female shell have the same shape as the walls 14 and 16.
  • the sheet 32 is pressed against the walls of the female shell using a mandrel which pushes it in and then presses it against the walls. walls of the female shell.
  • the sheet 32 is then kept pressed against these walls, for example, by suction or by electrostatic forces. In parallel, the mandrel is withdrawn.
  • a male shell of the mold is positioned inside the female shell.
  • This male shell bears directly on the sheet 32 at the level of the meshes of the skeleton 30.
  • the male and female shells define, by cooperation of shape, a hollow imprint of the skeleton 30. This hollow imprint is directly in contact with the sheet. 32 at the level of the parts of the skeleton 30 which are to be welded to the sheet 32.
  • the male shell is typically a fixed shell which also comprises channels making it possible to inject the thermoplastic material of the skeleton 30 inside the hollow impression.
  • the molten thermoplastic material is injected inside the hollow impression.
  • the temperature of the injected thermoplastic material is higher than its melting temperature and the melting temperature of the inner layer 50.
  • the inner layer 50 is heated beyond its melting temperature, which at the same time causes as the backbone 30 is molded, soldering the inner layer 50 to the backbone 30.
  • the mold is cooled and the male shell is removed.
  • the packaging 2 is then removed from the female shell.
  • the package 2 comprises the skeleton 30 and the sheet 32 heat-sealed to this skeleton 30.
  • this packaging 2 is then delivered to a packaging plant which, during a step 82, introduces the product inside the package 2 and welds the cover 22 on the face 24 to close the package 2.
  • a cover can also be fitted on the rim 18 to complete the closing of the package 2.
  • the product thus packaged can be distributed to the end consumers.
  • the bottom 40 of the skeleton can be a bottom of solid plastic material, devoid of mesh.
  • the sheet 32 covers only the side wall 16.
  • the number of strands can be increased.
  • one or more strands 42 can be added to further stiffen the side wall 16.
  • the side wall 16 can be stiffened by introducing therein additional horizontal and circular strands which surround, from the inside, this side wall. 16.
  • the strands which define the side wall 16 can also cross to increase the number of stitches.
  • the width and thickness of the strands of the skeleton 30 are adapted as a function of the rigidity desired for the packaging 2.
  • the essential of the vertical rigidity of the packaging 2 is provided by the backbone 30 and, in particular, the strands 42.
  • the skeleton 30 can be made from other thermoplastic materials.
  • the backbone 30 is made from one or more of the materials of a first group of thermoplastic materials.
  • the first group of thermoplastic materials is typically made up of the following thermoplastic materials:
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PHA and PLA have the particular advantage of being biodegradable.
  • the mass of the cardboard layer 54 is less than 50% or 30% of the total mass of the packaging 2.
  • the remaining mass of the packaging 2 is then essentially constituted by the thermoplastic material.
  • the cardboard layer 54 is bind to the inner layer 50.
  • the link layer 52 is omitted.
  • the cardboard layer is directly attached to the inner layer 50.
  • the adhesion energy between the inner layer 50 and the cardboard layer 54 is then adjusted by adjusting, for example, the roughness of the outer face. of the inner layer 50 and / or the roughness of the inner face of the cardboard layer 54.
  • the layer 52 is designed to destroy itself when the user pulls on the appendix 62.
  • the layer 52 can also be designed so that its adhesion energy on the inner layer 50 is greater than its adhesion energy on the cardboard layer 54. In this case , the separation of the cardboard layer 54 occurs at its interface with the tie layer 52.
  • the tie layer 52 is made of a material chosen from the group consisting of:
  • polyolefin such as a polyethylene
  • the tie layer can itself be formed of several sublayers directly stacked on top of each other, each made, for example, in different materials.
  • the inner layer 50 and / or the outer layer 56 can be a varnish or a film. They can also be made in other materials. For example, they can be made from one of the materials of the first group defined above.
  • the outer layer 56 can also be produced by a varnish or a film of non-plastic material.
  • the inner layer 50 and / or the outer layer 56 can also be made up of several sublayers.
  • they comprise an inner sub-layer made from one of the materials of the first group and an outer sub-layer made from another material which adheres to the tie layer.
  • the material of the other sublayer is for example chosen from a second group of thermoplastic material consisting of:
  • EAA ethylene and acrylic acid copolymer
  • EMA ethylene and methacrylic acid copolymer
  • One of the sub-layers of the inner layer or of the outer layer can also be made from a metal such as aluminum.
  • the outer layer 56 is omitted. This is possible in the event that it is not necessary to protect the cardboard layer 54 against moisture coming from the outside of the package 2.
  • the sheet 32 comprises several appendages, fulfilling the same functions as the appendix 62. These various appendages are for example arranged at different places on the wall of the package 2 to detach the complex 60 from the inner layer 50.
  • the thermoplastic material used to make the skeleton 30 and some of the layers of the sheet 32 can be a petroleum-based or bio-based thermoplastic material.
  • petroleum-based plastic materials at least 71% by mass of the material they are made of comes from petroleum, natural gas or coal.
  • biobased plastic materials at least 30%, by mass, and preferably at least 100%, by mass, of the material that composes them comes from renewable resources such as corn, wheat, eucalyptus and potato.
  • renewable resources such as corn, wheat, eucalyptus and potato.
  • the materials from renewable resources that make up a bio-based plastic material are often starch and natural fibers such as wood, flax, hemp and jute fibers.
  • a bio-based plastic is often also called a “bioplastic”.
  • the packaging 2 can have other shapes than an essentially frustoconical shape such as that described above.
  • the package 2 can also have the shape of any polyhedron.
  • strands of the skeleton extend along each of the edges of this polyhedron.
  • the polyhedron can be a parallelepiped.
  • the faces of the polyhedron are each a polygon such as for example a rectangle.
  • the packaging can also be used to contain non-food products such as for example screws.
  • the welding between the cap 22 and the rim 18 is not carried out by heat sealing but by using an adhesive glue interposed between the cap 22 and the rim 18.
  • the cover 22 can also be welded to another horizontal annular face than the face 24.
  • the rim 18 has a another horizontal annular face located closer to the axis 6 and which can also be used to glue the cover 22.
  • the cover 22 can also be omitted. Likewise, it is not always necessary for the package 2 to be closed by a cover.
  • a rim and a bottom made of plastic material improves the horizontal rigidity of the packaging. This also makes it possible to close the packaging with a cover attached to the rim and / or with the aid of a cover fitted on this rim. This also improves the ability of this package to be processed efficiently and quickly by automatic packaging lines in step 82. In particular, the package 2 can be processed more efficiently and quickly by automatic packaging lines than identical packaging but entirely made of cardboard. This is explained for example by:
  • packaging 2 is more rigid than an identical packaging but entirely made of cardboard.
  • the strands form a mesh defining the shape of the side walls of the packaging. In addition, this improves the vertical rigidity of this packaging. Due to the fact that these strands simply form a mesh, this additional rigidity is obtained using much less material than if, for the same rigidity, the skeleton had solid walls of plastic material.
  • the combination of the skeleton 30 and the sheet 32 makes it possible to obtain a packaging which is as rigid as the existing packaging but using less material. This reduction in the quantity of material is therefore already a first element which in itself contributes to reducing the environmental impact of packaging 2.
  • the sheet is essentially composed of an aggregate of paper fibers is a second element which contributes to reducing the environmental impact of this packaging.
  • paper fibers come from renewable resources.
  • the fact that, after use, the user can easily detach the cardboard layer from the rest of the packaging constitutes a third element which will limit the environmental impact of the packaging 2. Indeed, this facilitates '' on the one hand the recycling of the skeleton 30 and of the internal layer 50 in a sector specializing in the recycling of plastic materials and, on the other hand, the recycling of the cardboard layer in a sector specializing in paper recycling.
  • the cardboard layer 54 which arrives in a center specializing in the recycling of paper comprises at most the outer layer 56 of plastic material. Therefore, the amount of plastic material associated with the cardboard layer 54 is small, which facilitates its recycling.
  • the packaging 2 also has the advantage of remaining simple to manufacture by injection molding.
  • bottom of the packaging is also defined by the meshes of a mesh rather than by a solid bottom further limits the amount of plastic material used to make the packaging without degrading its rigidity.
  • thermoplastic material facilitates the welding of the sheet to the skeleton. This also facilitates the recycling of the backbone and the inner layer because, in order to recycle them, it is then not necessary to separate them from one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a rigid packaging comprising: - a skeleton (30) made of thermoplastic material, this skeleton comprising strands (42) which form meshes of a grid which defines the framework of a side wall (16) of the packaging, - a sheet (32) comprising: • an inner layer made of thermoplastic material, heat welded on the strands (42) of the skeleton, • a cardboard layer, the mass of which represents more than 50% of the total mass of the sheet, - the heat-welded sheet comprising a gripping appendage (62) for the hand of a human being, this appendage being rigidly attached to the cardboard layer and enabling, by manually pulling on this appendage, the manual peeling of the cardboard layer in order to mechanically detach it from the inner layer.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
EMBALLAGE RIGIDE ET PROCÉDÉ DE FABRICATION DE CET EMBALLAGE RIGID PACKAGING AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH PACKAGING
[001] L’invention concerne un emballage rigide ainsi qu'un procédé de fabrication de cet emballage. [001] The invention relates to a rigid packaging and to a method of manufacturing this packaging.
[002] Par emballage rigide, on désigne tous les emballages qui ne sont pas souples comme les sacs ou les films. Autrement dit, un emballage est considéré comme rigide s'il ne s'écrase pas sous l'effet de son propre poids. Il présente donc une forme tridimensionnelle qui est conservée lors des opérations conventionnelles de stockage, de remplissage et de distribution d'un produit contenu dans cet emballage. By rigid packaging is meant all packaging which is not flexible such as bags or films. In other words, a package is considered rigid if it does not collapse under the effect of its own weight. It therefore has a three-dimensional shape which is preserved during conventional operations of storage, filling and distribution of a product contained in this packaging.
[003] Il est aujourd'hui souhaitable de réduire l'impact environnemental des emballages tout en conservant leurs propriétés mécaniques et maintenant des coûts de fabrication aussi faibles que possible. Pour limiter les coûts de fabrication, il faut typiquement que cet emballage soit fabriqué par moulage par injection. [003] Today it is desirable to reduce the environmental impact of packaging while retaining their mechanical properties and keeping manufacturing costs as low as possible. To limit manufacturing costs, this packaging must typically be manufactured by injection molding.
[004] De l'état de la technique est connu de CA2445553A1 et EP2803598. Le document CA2445553A1 décrit un emballage comportant un squelette et une feuille en matériau thermoplastique. [004] The state of the art is known from CA2445553A1 and EP2803598. Document CA2445553A1 describes a package comprising a skeleton and a sheet of thermoplastic material.
[005] L'invention vise à proposer un tel emballage. Elle a donc pour objet un emballage rigide conforme à la revendication 1. [005] The invention aims to provide such packaging. It therefore relates to a rigid packaging according to claim 1.
[006] L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication de cet emballage. [006] The subject of the invention is also a method of manufacturing this packaging.
[007] L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d’exemple non limitatif et faite en se référant aux dessins sur lesquels : [007] The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and made with reference to the drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une illustration schématique, en coupe partielle et en perspective, d'un emballage rigide, - Figure 1 is a schematic illustration, in partial section and in perspective, of a rigid packaging,
- la figure 2 est une illustration schématique grossie d'une partie de la coupe partielle de l'emballage de la figure 1, et - Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic illustration of part of the partial section of the packaging of Figure 1, and
- la figure 3 est un organigramme d'un procédé de fabrication de l'emballage de la figure 1. - Figure 3 is a flowchart of a manufacturing process of the packaging of Figure 1.
[008] Dans ces figures, les mêmes références sont utilisées pour désigner les mêmes éléments. Dans la suite de cette description, les caractéristiques et fonctions bien connues de l’homme du métier ne sont pas décrites en détail. [008] In these figures, the same references are used to designate the same elements. In the remainder of this description, the characteristics and functions well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail.
[009] La figure 1 représente un emballage 2 rigide délimitant un volume creux 4 destiné à recevoir un produit. [009] Figure 1 shows a rigid package 2 defining a hollow volume 4 intended to receive a product.
[0010] Le produit emballé à l'intérieur de l'emballage 2 est ici un produit alimentaire. Le produit alimentaire peut être liquide, pâteux ou solide. Par exemple, le produit alimentaire peut être un produit laitier tel que de la crème fraîche. Le produit alimentaire peut aussi être de la glace, des bonbons, des légumes ou tout autre produit alimentaire qui nécessite d'être distribué dans un emballage. The product packaged inside the package 2 is here a food product. The food product can be liquid, pasty or solid. For example, the food product can be a dairy product such as sour cream. The product food can also be ice cream, candy, vegetables or any other food product which needs to be distributed in a package.
[0011] Dans ce mode de réalisation, le volume 4 est un solide de révolution ayant comme axe de révolution un axe 6 vertical. In this embodiment, the volume 4 is a solid of revolution having as axis of revolution a vertical axis 6.
[0012] Dans les figures, l'horizontale est repérée par des directions X et Y d'un repère orthogonal C,U,Z. La direction Z est parallèle à la direction verticale. Les termes tels que « haut », « bas », « supérieur », « inférieur » et similaires sont définis par rapport à cette direction Z. In the figures, the horizontal is marked by the X and Y directions of an orthogonal reference C, U, Z. The Z direction is parallel to the vertical direction. Terms such as "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower" and the like are defined with respect to this Z direction.
[0013] Le volume creux 4 s'étend entre un plan horizontal inférieur Pinf et un plan horizontal supérieur Psup. Ici, le volume creux 4 est tronconique. Le volume 4 est typiquement supérieur à 50 cm3 ou 100 cm3 ou 500 cm3 et, généralement, inférieur à 1 m3 ou 0,5 m3. The hollow volume 4 extends between a lower horizontal plane P inf and an upper horizontal plane P sup . Here, the hollow volume 4 is tapered. The volume 4 is typically greater than 50 cm 3 or 100 cm 3 or 500 cm 3 and, generally, less than 1 m 3 or 0.5 m 3 .
[0014] L'emballage 2 est un emballage rigide. A cet effet, l'emballage 2 présente une rigidité horizontale et une rigidité verticale suffisantes. Par « rigidité horizontale », on désigne la résistance de l'emballage à une force de compression le long d'une direction horizontale, c'est-à-dire une force dont la direction appartient à un plan parallèle aux directions X et Y. Par « rigidité verticale », on désigne la résistance de l'emballage 2 à une force de compression verticale, c'est-à-dire à une force dont la direction est parallèle à la direction Z. The packaging 2 is a rigid packaging. For this purpose, the package 2 has sufficient horizontal rigidity and vertical rigidity. By "horizontal stiffness" is meant the resistance of the packaging to a compressive force along a horizontal direction, that is to say a force whose direction belongs to a plane parallel to the X and Y directions. The term “vertical rigidity” denotes the resistance of the packaging 2 to a vertical compressive force, that is to say to a force the direction of which is parallel to the Z direction.
[0015] Dans ce mode de réalisation, à titre d'exemple, on considère que la rigidité est suffisante lorsqu'une force d'appui prédéterminée appliquée sur une paroi extérieure de l'emballage provoque un enfoncement de cette paroi extérieure, dans la direction d'appui, inférieur à 15 % ou 10 % ou 5 % de la plus grande des dimensions de l'emballage 2. Ici, la force d'appui prédéterminée est une force de 0,5 N appliquée sur une surface de 1 cm2 de la paroi extérieure de l'emballage et dans une direction perpendiculaire à cette paroi extérieure. La plus grande des dimensions de l'emballage 2 est la plus grande des dimensions choisies parmi le groupe composé de : In this embodiment, by way of example, it is considered that the rigidity is sufficient when a predetermined support force applied to an outer wall of the packaging causes this outer wall to sink in, in the direction support, less than 15% or 10% or 5% of the largest of the dimensions of the package 2. Here, the predetermined support force is a force of 0.5 N applied to an area of 1 cm 2 of the outer wall of the packaging and in a direction perpendicular to this outer wall. The largest of the dimensions of the package 2 is the largest of the dimensions chosen from the group consisting of:
- la largeur de l'emballage 2, - the width of the packaging 2,
- la longueur de l'emballage 2, et - the length of the packaging 2, and
- la hauteur de l'emballage 2. - the height of the packaging 2.
[0016] La largeur, la longueur et la hauteur de l'emballage 2 sont égales, respectivement, à la largeur, la longueur et la hauteur du parallélépipède de plus petit volume qui contient entièrement l'emballage 2. The width, the length and the height of the package 2 are equal, respectively, to the width, the length and the height of the parallelepiped of smaller volume which entirely contains the package 2.
[0017] De préférence, l'enfoncement maximal dans la direction d'appui est inférieur à 1 cm ou 5 mm. Preferably, the maximum depression in the bearing direction is less than 1 cm or 5 mm.
[0018] L'emballage 2 est également un emballage léger. Pour cela, typiquement, le poids de l'emballage 2, exprimé en grammes, est inférieur à 10 % ou 5% du volume creux 4 exprimé en cm3. Par exemple, le poids de l'emballage 2 est ici inférieur à 500 g ou 250 g ou 100 g et, généralement, supérieur à 5 g.. [0019] Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'emballage 2 comporte une paroi inférieure 14 et une paroi latérale 16 ainsi qu'un rebord supérieur 18. La paroi 14 est un disque centré sur l'axe 6 et de rayon RI4. Le rayon Ri4 est typiquement supérieur à 2 cm ou 4 cm. Généralement, le rayon Ri4 est inférieur à 50 cm ou 25 cm. La paroi inférieure 14 s'étend ici principalement dans le plan Pinf. [0018] The package 2 is also a light package. For this, typically, the weight of the package 2, expressed in grams, is less than 10% or 5% of the hollow volume 4 expressed in cm 3 . For example, the weight of the package 2 is here less than 500 g or 250 g or 100 g and, generally, greater than 5 g. In this embodiment, the package 2 comprises a lower wall 14 and a side wall 16 as well as an upper rim 18. The wall 14 is a disc centered on the axis 6 and of radius R I4 . The radius R i4 is typically greater than 2 cm or 4 cm. Generally, the radius R i4 is less than 50 cm or 25 cm. The lower wall 14 extends here mainly in the plane P inf .
[0020] La paroi latérale 16 est un tronc de cône qui s'étend, en s'évasant, depuis la périphérie de la paroi 14 jusqu'au rebord 18. The side wall 16 is a truncated cone which extends, widening, from the periphery of the wall 14 to the rim 18.
[0021] Le rebord 18 s'étend principalement dans le plan Psu . Le rebord 18 entoure une ouverture circulaire 20 par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le produit alimentaire peut être introduit puis retiré de l'emballage 2. The rim 18 extends mainly in the plane P su . The rim 18 surrounds a circular opening 20 through which the food product can be introduced and then withdrawn from the package 2.
[0022] Ici, le rebord 18 et l'ouverture 20 sont circulaires et centrés sur l'axe 6. Here, the rim 18 and the opening 20 are circular and centered on the axis 6.
[0023] Le rebord 18 est agencé pour recevoir un opercule et/ou un couvercle permettant d'obturer complètement l'ouverture 20. Ici, il est agencé pour recevoir un opercule 22, par exemple, thermosoudé sur le rebord 18. The rim 18 is arranged to receive a cover and / or a cover making it possible to completely close the opening 20. Here, it is arranged to receive a cover 22, for example, heat-sealed to the rim 18.
[0024] Par « thermosoudé », on désigne le fait que la soudure qui relie mécaniquement entre eux deux éléments thermoplastiques, sans aucun degré de liberté, est obtenue en chauffant ces deux éléments jusqu'à dépasser la température de fusion de ces éléments thermoplastiques de sorte que les matériaux thermoplastiques de ces éléments s'interpénétrent. En refroidissant, une soudure rigide est ainsi obtenue entre ces deux éléments. Cette soudure est réalisée sans apport de matériau extérieur tel qu'un adhésif. Avec cette définition, deux éléments thermoplastiques soudés en utilisant un procédé connu sous le terme de "soudure par ultrason" sont considérés comme étant thermosoudés. En effet, la soudure par ultrason chauffe les éléments thermoplastiques au delà de leur température de fusion. By "heat-sealed" is meant the fact that the weld which mechanically connects two thermoplastic elements together, without any degree of freedom, is obtained by heating these two elements until the melting point of these thermoplastic elements of so that the thermoplastic materials of these elements interpenetrate. By cooling, a rigid weld is thus obtained between these two elements. This welding is carried out without the addition of external material such as an adhesive. With this definition, two thermoplastic elements welded using a process known as "ultrasonic welding" are considered to be heat sealed. In fact, ultrasonic welding heats thermoplastic elements beyond their melting point.
[0025] Ici, le rebord 18 et l'opercule 22 sont réalisés en matériau thermoplastique susceptible d'être thermosoudé l'un avec l'autre. À cet effet, le rebord 18 comporte une face annulaire horizontale 24 tournée vers le haut sur laquelle la périphérie de l'opercule 22 est soudée. Here, the rim 18 and the cap 22 are made of a thermoplastic material capable of being heat-sealed to one another. To this end, the rim 18 has a horizontal annular face 24 facing upwards onto which the periphery of the cover 22 is welded.
[0026] De préférence, la résistance de la soudure entre l'opercule 22 et le rebord 18 est ajustée pour que cet opercule 22 puisse être arraché manuellement par un utilisateur de l'emballage 2 lors de son ouverture. Preferably, the strength of the weld between the cover 22 and the flange 18 is adjusted so that this cover 22 can be manually torn off by a user of the package 2 when it is opened.
[0027] Le rebord 18 est ici un solide de révolution généré par la rotation, sur 360° et autour de l'axe 6, d'une section verticale 26. La section verticale 26 est conformée pour conférer une rigidité horizontale suffisante à ce rebord 18. Par exemple, à cet effet, la section verticale 26 présente, par endroits, dans une direction horizontale, une épaisseur supérieure à 0,5 mm ou 1 mm. La section 26 est aussi conformée pour qu'un couvercle puisse en plus s'emboîter sur le rebord 18. Ici, la section 26 comporte à cet effet une saillie 28 vers l'extérieur de l'emballage 2 sur laquelle un couvercle peut venir s'emboîter par déformation mécanique élastique. [0028] Pour que l'emballage 2 soit à la fois rigide et léger, il comporte un squelette 30 en matériau thermoplastique et une feuille 32 thermosoudée sur ce squelette 30. C'est le squelette 30 qui détermine la forme de l'emballage 2 et qui assure l'essentiel de la rigidité horizontale de cet emballage. La feuille 32 assure, dans ce mode de réalisation, l'essentiel de la rigidité verticale de l'emballage 2 ce qui permet de réduire la quantité de matériau thermoplastique utilisée pour réaliser le squelette 30. The flange 18 is here a solid of revolution generated by the rotation, over 360 ° and around the axis 6, of a vertical section 26. The vertical section 26 is shaped to give sufficient horizontal rigidity to this flange 18. For example, for this purpose, the vertical section 26 has, in places, in a horizontal direction, a thickness greater than 0.5 mm or 1 mm. The section 26 is also shaped so that a cover can additionally fit on the rim 18. Here, the section 26 has for this purpose a projection 28 towards the outside of the package 2 on which a cover can come s. 'fit together by elastic mechanical deformation. So that the packaging 2 is both rigid and light, it comprises a skeleton 30 of thermoplastic material and a sheet 32 heat-sealed to this skeleton 30. It is the skeleton 30 which determines the shape of the packaging 2 and which provides most of the horizontal rigidity of this packaging. The sheet 32 provides, in this embodiment, most of the vertical rigidity of the packaging 2, which makes it possible to reduce the quantity of thermoplastic material used to make the skeleton 30.
[0029] Le squelette 30 comporte : [0029] The skeleton 30 comprises:
- le rebord 18, - rim 18,
- un fond 40 qui forme l'ossature de la paroi inférieure 14, et - a bottom 40 which forms the framework of the lower wall 14, and
- des brins 42 mécaniquement reliés au fond 40 et au rebord 18 pour réaliser un grillage qui forme l'ossature de la paroi latérale 16. - Strands 42 mechanically connected to the bottom 40 and to the rim 18 to produce a mesh which forms the framework of the side wall 16.
[0030] Dans ce mode de réalisation, le fond 40 est aussi formé par des brins pour réaliser un grillage qui forme l'ossature de la paroi inférieure 14. À cet effet, le fond 40 comporte un brin 44 qui définit l'arête entre les parois 14 et 16. Ici, ce brin 44 est circulaire et centré sur l'axe 6. Pour accroître la rigidité horizontale de l'emballage 2, le brin 44 a la forme d'une cornière dont l'une des ailes s'étend verticalement et l'autre des ailes s'étend horizontalement en direction de l'axe 6. In this embodiment, the bottom 40 is also formed by strands to produce a mesh which forms the framework of the lower wall 14. For this purpose, the bottom 40 comprises a strand 44 which defines the edge between the walls 14 and 16. Here, this strand 44 is circular and centered on the axis 6. To increase the horizontal rigidity of the packaging 2, the strand 44 has the shape of an angle, one of the wings of which is s' extends vertically and the other wing extends horizontally towards axis 6.
[0031] Toujours pour accroître la rigidité horizontale de l'emballage 2, le fond 40 comporte aussi un ou plusieurs autres brins horizontaux 46 qui délimitent plusieurs mailles dans le fond 40. Par exemple, ces brins sont des brins rectilignes. Ici, ces brins 46 s'étendent depuis une portion du brin 44 jusqu'à une portion en vis-à-vis du brin 44 en coupant l'axe 6. Pour simplifier la figure 1, un seul brin 46 a été représenté. Still to increase the horizontal rigidity of the package 2, the bottom 40 also comprises one or more other horizontal strands 46 which define several stitches in the bottom 40. For example, these strands are straight strands. Here, these strands 46 extend from a portion of the strand 44 to a portion facing the strand 44 by cutting the axis 6. To simplify Figure 1, a single strand 46 has been shown.
[0032] Les brins 42 définissent la forme de la paroi latérale 16. Ces brins 42 forment un grillage qui s'étend depuis le brin 44 jusqu'au rebord 18. Par exemple, ces brins 42 sont des brins rectilignes. Ici, ces brins 42 s'étendent chacun dans un plan vertical respectif depuis une portion du brin 44 jusqu'à une portion correspondante du rebord 18. Pour simplifier la figure 1, un seul de ces brins 42 a été représenté. The strands 42 define the shape of the side wall 16. These strands 42 form a mesh which extends from the strand 44 to the rim 18. For example, these strands 42 are straight strands. Here, these strands 42 each extend in a respective vertical plane from a portion of the strand 44 to a corresponding portion of the flange 18. To simplify Figure 1, only one of these strands 42 has been shown.
[0033] Le squelette 30 est réalisé en un seul bloc de matière thermoplastique qui peut être moulé par injection. Ici, à titre d'illustration, le squelette 30 est réalisé en polypropylène. The skeleton 30 is made in a single block of thermoplastic material which can be injection molded. Here, by way of illustration, the backbone 30 is made of polypropylene.
[0034] La feuille 32 est thermosoudée sur chaque brin et sur la partie inférieure du rebord 18 de manière à obturer complètement toutes les mailles qui délimitent les parois 14 et 16 de l'emballage 2. La feuille 32 est une feuille légère et souple. En particulier, la feuille 32 est aussi conçue pour limiter autant que possible l'impact environnemental de l'emballage 2. À cet effet, la feuille 32 est essentiellement réalisée à partir d'un agrégat de fibre de papier. Par « essentiellement réalisée », on désigne ici le fait que la masse de l'agrégat de fibre de papier est supérieure à 50 % de la masse totale de la feuille 32. The sheet 32 is heat sealed on each strand and on the lower part of the flange 18 so as to completely close off all the meshes which define the walls 14 and 16 of the package 2. The sheet 32 is a light and flexible sheet. In particular, the sheet 32 is also designed to limit as much as possible the environmental impact of the packaging 2. To this end, the sheet 32 is essentially made from an aggregate of paper fiber. The term “essentially achieved” denotes here the fact that the mass of the paper fiber aggregate is greater than 50% of the total mass of the sheet 32.
[0035] Plus précisément, la feuille 32 est composée de plusieurs couches directement empilées les unes sur les autres. La structure de la feuille 32 est représentée plus en détail sur la figure 2. La feuille 32 comporte successivement en allant de l'intérieur de l'emballage 2 vers l'extérieur de l'emballage 2 : More specifically, the sheet 32 is composed of several layers directly stacked one on top of the other. The structure of the sheet 32 is shown further in detail in Figure 2. The sheet 32 comprises successively, going from the inside of the package 2 to the outside of the package 2:
- une couche interne 50, - an internal layer 50,
- une couche de liaison 52, - a tie layer 52,
- une couche cartonnée 54, et - a cardboard layer 54, and
- une couche externe 56. - an outer layer 56.
[0036] La couche interne 50 est apte à être thermosoudée sur le squelette 30. À cet effet, la couche interne 50 est réalisée en matériau thermoplastique. De plus, cette couche interne isole de l'humidité la couche cartonnée 54. Enfin, dans le cas où l'emballage 2 contient un produit alimentaire, la couche interne 50 est aussi réalisée dans un matériau compatible avec cette application. De préférence, la couche interne 50 est réalisée dans le même matériau thermoplastique que celui utilisé pour réaliser le squelette 30. Ici, la couche interne est donc réalisée en polypropylène. The internal layer 50 is suitable for being heat sealed to the skeleton 30. For this purpose, the internal layer 50 is made of thermoplastic material. In addition, this internal layer insulates the cardboard layer 54 from humidity. Finally, in the case where the packaging 2 contains a food product, the internal layer 50 is also made of a material compatible with this application. Preferably, the internal layer 50 is made of the same thermoplastic material as that used to make the skeleton 30. Here, the internal layer is therefore made of polypropylene.
[0037] L'épaisseur de la couche interne 50 est choisie aussi petite que possible tout en restant capable d'assurer ses différentes fonctions. Typiquement, son épaisseur est inférieure à 200 pm ou 100 pm ou 50 pm. Généralement, son épaisseur est supérieure à 20 pm. The thickness of the internal layer 50 is chosen as small as possible while remaining capable of performing its various functions. Typically, its thickness is less than 200 µm or 100 µm or 50 µm. Generally, its thickness is greater than 20 µm.
[0038] Au niveau des soudures entre la feuille 32 et le squelette 30, le matériau thermoplastique du squelette 30 a fusionné avec la couche interne 50 de sorte que la couche interne 50 ne forme plus qu'un seul bloc de matière avec le squelette 30. At the level of the welds between the sheet 32 and the skeleton 30, the thermoplastic material of the skeleton 30 has fused with the inner layer 50 so that the inner layer 50 no longer forms a single block of material with the skeleton 30 .
[0039] La couche cartonnée 54 est uniquement composée par l'agrégat de fibres de papier. Typiquement, la masse de la couche 54 représente plus de 50 % et, de préférence, plus de 60 % ou plus de 70 % de la masse de la feuille 32. Ici, c'est principalement cette couche cartonnée 54 qui assure la rigidité verticale de l'emballage 2. À cet effet, son épaisseur est généralement supérieure est, le plus souvent deux ou trois fois supérieure, à l'épaisseur des autres couches de la feuille 32. Par exemple ici, l'épaisseur de la couche cartonnée 54 est supérieure à 100 pm ou 200 pm. Son poids par unité de surface est classiquement compris entre 50 g/m2 et 400 g/m2 et avantageusement compris entre 100 g/m2 et 300 g/m2. Ici, la couche cartonnée 54 est suffisamment épaisse pour que sa masse représente plus de 50 % de la masse totale de l'emballage 2 sans l'opercule 22 et sans couvercle. La couche cartonnée 54 est recyclable comme du papier ou du carton. La face de la couche 54 en contact avec la couche 56 est généralement imprimée avant d’être associée à la couche 56. Cette impression permet d'indiquer différentes informations sur le produit contenu dans l'emballage 2 comme, par exemple, le nom du produit, la marque du producteur, ...etc. The cardboard layer 54 is only composed of the aggregate of paper fibers. Typically, the mass of the layer 54 represents more than 50% and, preferably, more than 60% or more than 70% of the mass of the sheet 32. Here, it is mainly this cardboard layer 54 which ensures the vertical rigidity. of the packaging 2. For this purpose, its thickness is generally greater is, most often two or three times greater than the thickness of the other layers of the sheet 32. For example here, the thickness of the cardboard layer 54 is greater than 100 µm or 200 µm. Its weight per unit area is conventionally between 50 g / m 2 and 400 g / m 2 and advantageously between 100 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 . Here, the cardboard layer 54 is thick enough so that its mass represents more than 50% of the total mass of the package 2 without the cover 22 and without the cover. The cardboard layer 54 is recyclable like paper or cardboard. The face of the layer 54 in contact with the layer 56 is generally printed before being associated with the layer 56. This printing makes it possible to indicate various information on the product contained in the package 2 such as, for example, the name of the product. product, the manufacturer's brand, ... etc.
[0040] La couche externe 56 est réalisée dans un matériau transparent de manière à ce que la face imprimée de la couche 54 soit visible depuis l'extérieur par un utilisateur. De plus, la couche externe 56 isole la couche cartonnée 54 de l'humidité extérieure. Typiquement, la couche 56 est un vernis ou un film transparent déposé sur la face imprimée de la couche 54. Ici ce vernis ou ce film transparent est réalisé dans un matériau plastique. The outer layer 56 is made of a transparent material so that the printed face of the layer 54 is visible from the outside by a user. Additionally, the outer layer 56 insulates the cardboard layer 54 from exterior moisture. Typically, the layer 56 is a varnish or a transparent film deposited on the printed face of the layer 54. Here this varnish or this transparent film is made of a plastic material.
[0041] L'épaisseur de la couche externe 56 est elle aussi choisie aussi petite que possible pour remplir ses fonctions. Généralement, son épaisseur est inférieure à 50 pm ou 30 pm ou 20 pm. Son épaisseur est habituellement supérieure elle aussi à 5 pm. The thickness of the outer layer 56 is also chosen as small as possible to fulfill its functions. Generally, its thickness is less than 50 µm or 30 µm or 20 µm. Its thickness is usually also greater than 5 µm.
[0042] La couche de liaison 52 permet de détacher manuellement la couche cartonnée 54 de la couche interne 50 par pelage. Plus précisément, grâce à la couche 52, l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche cartonnée 54 sur la couche interne 50 est inférieure, et de préférence deux ou trois fois inférieure, à l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche interne 50 sur le squelette 30. Par "énergie d'adhésion", on désigne l'énergie nécessaire pour réaliser la séparation de ces couches. L'énergie d'adhésion est aussi désignée sous le terme anglais de "cleavage energy". The tie layer 52 allows manual detachment of the cardboard layer 54 of the inner layer 50 by peeling. More precisely, thanks to the layer 52, the energy of adhesion of the cardboard layer 54 on the inner layer 50 is less, and preferably two or three times less, than the energy of adhesion of the inner layer 50 on the backbone 30. The term “adhesion energy” denotes the energy necessary to effect the separation of these layers. The adhesion energy is also referred to as "cleavage energy".
[0043] Par exemple, la couche de liaison 52 est réalisée de manière à ce que l'énergie d'adhésion de cette couche 52 sur la couche interne 50 soit supérieure et, de préférence deux ou trois fois supérieure, à l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche 52 sur la couche cartonnée 54. Dans ces conditions, lorsque l'on tire sur la couche cartonnée 54, celle-ci se sépare de la couche interne 50 au niveau de l'interface entre la couche de liaison 52 et la couche interne 50. Ainsi, la couche interne 50 reste fixée et solidaire du squelette 30. Le squelette 30 et la couche interne 50 forment alors un objet entièrement en matériau plastique qu'il est facile de trier et de recycler. Après la séparation, on obtient aussi un complexe 60 formé de la couche de liaison 52, de la couche cartonnée 54 et de la couche externe 56. La proportion, en masse, de l'agrégat de fibre de papier dans ce complexe 60 est beaucoup plus importante que dans le cas de la feuille 32, ce qui simplifie son tri et son recyclage. For example, the tie layer 52 is made so that the energy of adhesion of this layer 52 on the inner layer 50 is greater and, preferably two or three times greater than the energy d adhesion of the layer 52 on the cardboard layer 54. Under these conditions, when pulling on the cardboard layer 54, the latter separates from the inner layer 50 at the interface between the tie layer 52 and the internal layer 50. Thus, the internal layer 50 remains fixed and integral with the backbone 30. The backbone 30 and the internal layer 50 then form an object entirely of plastic material that it is easy to sort and recycle. After separation, there is also obtained a complex 60 formed of the tie layer 52, the cardboard layer 54 and the outer layer 56. The proportion, by mass, of the paper fiber aggregate in this complex 60 is very high. larger than in the case of the sheet 32, which simplifies its sorting and recycling.
[0044] Pour que l'utilisateur puisse détacher le complexe 60 de la couche interne 50, la feuille 32 comporte un appendice 62 de préhension (figure 1). L'appendice 62 permet à l'utilisateur de tirer le complexe 60 dans une direction perpendiculaire à la face extérieure de la feuille 32. Par exemple, l'appendice 62 est une languette qui fait saillie sur la paroi 14 ou 16 de l'emballage 2. Sur la figure 1, l'appendice 62 est en saillie sur la paroi latérale 16. L'appendice 62 est fixé sans aucun degré de liberté directement sur ce complexe 60. Ici, l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche externe 56 sur la couche cartonnée 54 est elle aussi supérieure à l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche cartonnée 54 sur la couche interne 50. Dans ces conditions, l'appendice 62 est par exemple une excroissance du complexe 60 qui s'étend dans une direction donnée au-delà de la couche interne 50 sur une distance prédéterminée. Cette distance prédéterminée est choisie pour que l'utilisateur puisse directement saisir l'appendice 62 avec ses doigts et tirer dessus. Par exemple, l'appendice 62 s'étend au-delà de la couche interne 50 sur une distance supérieure à 5 mm ou 1 cm. Cette distance prédéterminée est aussi généralement inférieure à 5 cm ou 3 cm. [0045] Ici, la couche de liaison 52 est réalisée de manière à ce que la force, perpendiculaire au plan de la feuille 32, à exercer pour détacher le complexe 60 de la couche interne 50, soit comprise entre 0,3 N et 10 N et, de préférence, entre 0,5 N et 5 N ou entre 1 N et 3 N. Pour cela, de nombreux modes de réalisation de la couche de liaison 52 sont possibles. Par exemple, la couche de liaison est réalisée à cet effet dans un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle. [0044] So that the user can detach the complex 60 from the inner layer 50, the sheet 32 has a gripping appendage 62 (Figure 1). The appendix 62 allows the user to pull the complex 60 in a direction perpendicular to the outer face of the sheet 32. For example, the appendix 62 is a tab which protrudes from the wall 14 or 16 of the package. 2. In Figure 1, the appendix 62 protrudes from the side wall 16. The appendix 62 is fixed without any degree of freedom directly on this complex 60. Here, the adhesion energy of the outer layer 56 on the cardboard layer 54 is also greater than the adhesion energy of the cardboard layer 54 on the inner layer 50. Under these conditions, the appendage 62 is for example a protuberance of the complex 60 which extends in a direction given beyond the inner layer 50 over a predetermined distance. This predetermined distance is chosen so that the user can directly grasp the appendage 62 with his fingers and pull on it. For example, the appendix 62 extends beyond the inner layer 50 for a distance greater than 5 mm or 1 cm. This predetermined distance is also generally less than 5 cm or 3 cm. Here, the tie layer 52 is made so that the force, perpendicular to the plane of the sheet 32, to be exerted to detach the complex 60 from the inner layer 50, is between 0.3 N and 10 N and, preferably, between 0.5 N and 5 N or between 1 N and 3 N. For this, numerous embodiments of the tie layer 52 are possible. For example, the tie layer is made for this purpose in a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.
[0046] La figure 3 représente un procédé de fabrication de l'emballage 2. FIG. 3 represents a method of manufacturing the packaging 2.
[0047] Initialement, lors d'une étape 70, la feuille 32 est fabriquée. Lors de la fabrication de la feuille 32, la face externe de la couche 54 est imprimée. L'impression peut être réalisée par impression offset avec des encres à séchage par oxydation ou des encres UV (ultraviolet) ou par héliogravure ou autres. Initially, during a step 70, the sheet 32 is manufactured. During the manufacture of sheet 32, the outer face of layer 54 is printed. Printing can be done by offset printing with oxidative drying inks or UV (ultraviolet) inks or by gravure or others.
[0048] Une fois la feuille 32 fabriquée, lors d'une étape 74, elle est placée à l'intérieur d'une coquille femelle d'un moule et la couche externe 56 est directement plaquée contre les parois de cette coquille femelle. Typiquement, la coquille femelle est une coquille mobile. Les parois de la coquille femelle ont la même forme que les parois 14 et 16. Par exemple, la feuille 32 est plaquée contre les parois de la coquille femelle à l'aide d'un mandrin qui vient l'enfoncer puis la plaquer contre les parois de la coquille femelle. La feuille 32 est ensuite maintenue plaquée contre ces parois, par exemple, par succion ou par des forces électrostatiques. En parallèle, le mandrin est retiré. Once the sheet 32 has been manufactured, during a step 74, it is placed inside a female shell of a mold and the outer layer 56 is directly pressed against the walls of this female shell. Typically, the female shell is a movable shell. The walls of the female shell have the same shape as the walls 14 and 16. For example, the sheet 32 is pressed against the walls of the female shell using a mandrel which pushes it in and then presses it against the walls. walls of the female shell. The sheet 32 is then kept pressed against these walls, for example, by suction or by electrostatic forces. In parallel, the mandrel is withdrawn.
[0049] Lors d'une étape 76, une coquille mâle du moule est positionnée à l'intérieur de la coquille femelle. Cette coquille mâle est directement en appui sur la feuille 32 au niveau des mailles du squelette 30. Les coquilles mâle et femelle définissent, par coopération de forme, une empreinte en creux du squelette 30. Cette empreinte en creux est directement en contact avec la feuille 32 au niveau des parties du squelette 30 qui doivent être soudées à la feuille 32. In a step 76, a male shell of the mold is positioned inside the female shell. This male shell bears directly on the sheet 32 at the level of the meshes of the skeleton 30. The male and female shells define, by cooperation of shape, a hollow imprint of the skeleton 30. This hollow imprint is directly in contact with the sheet. 32 at the level of the parts of the skeleton 30 which are to be welded to the sheet 32.
[0050] La coquille mâle est typiquement une coquille fixe qui comporte également des canaux permettant d'injecter le matériau thermoplastique du squelette 30 à l'intérieur de l'empreinte en creux. [0050] The male shell is typically a fixed shell which also comprises channels making it possible to inject the thermoplastic material of the skeleton 30 inside the hollow impression.
[0051] Lors d'une étape 78, le matériau thermoplastique fondu est injecté à l'intérieur de l'empreinte en creux. La température du matériau thermoplastique injectée est supérieure à sa température de fusion et à la température de fusion de la couche interne 50. Dans ces conditions, la couche interne 50 est chauffée au-delà de sa température de fusion, ce qui provoque en même temps que le squelette 30 est moulé, la soudure de la couche interne 50 sur le squelette 30. During a step 78, the molten thermoplastic material is injected inside the hollow impression. The temperature of the injected thermoplastic material is higher than its melting temperature and the melting temperature of the inner layer 50. Under these conditions, the inner layer 50 is heated beyond its melting temperature, which at the same time causes as the backbone 30 is molded, soldering the inner layer 50 to the backbone 30.
[0052] Ensuite, lors d'une étape 80, le moule est refroidi et la coquille mâle est enlevée. L'emballage 2 est alors retiré de la coquille femelle. À ce stade, l'emballage 2 comporte le squelette 30 et la feuille 32 thermosoudée sur ce squelette 30. Then, during a step 80, the mold is cooled and the male shell is removed. The packaging 2 is then removed from the female shell. At this point, the package 2 comprises the skeleton 30 and the sheet 32 heat-sealed to this skeleton 30.
[0053] Lors d'une étape 82, cet emballage 2 est alors livré à une usine de conditionnement qui, lors d'une étape 82, introduit le produit à l'intérieur de l'emballage 2 et soude l'opercule 22 sur la face 24 pour refermer l'emballage 2. Lors de l'étape 82, un couvercle peut aussi être emboîté sur le rebord 18 pour compléter la fermeture de l'emballage 2. During a step 82, this packaging 2 is then delivered to a packaging plant which, during a step 82, introduces the product inside the package 2 and welds the cover 22 on the face 24 to close the package 2. During step 82, a cover can also be fitted on the rim 18 to complete the closing of the package 2.
[0054] Ensuite, le produit ainsi emballé peut être distribué vers les consommateurs finaux. Then, the product thus packaged can be distributed to the end consumers.
[0055] D'autres modes de réalisation du squelette 30 sont possibles. Par exemple, le fond 40 du squelette peut être un fond en matériau plastique plein, dépourvu de maille. Dans ce dernier cas, de préférence, la feuille 32 recouvre uniquement la paroi latérale 16. Other embodiments of the skeleton 30 are possible. For example, the bottom 40 of the skeleton can be a bottom of solid plastic material, devoid of mesh. In the latter case, preferably, the sheet 32 covers only the side wall 16.
[0056] De nombreux autres agencements sont possibles pour les brins 42 et 46. En particulier, le nombre de brins peut être augmenté. Par exemple, un ou plusieurs brins 42 peuvent être ajoutés pour rigidifier encore plus la paroi latérale 16. Par exemple, la paroi latérale 16 peut être rigidifiée en y introduisant des brins supplémentaires horizontaux et circulaires qui ceinturent, par l'intérieur, cette paroi latérale 16. Les brins qui délimitent la paroi latérale 16 peuvent aussi se croiser pour accroître le nombre de mailles. De même, la largeur et l'épaisseur des brins du squelette 30 sont adaptées en fonction de la rigidité souhaitée pour l'emballage 2. En particulier, dans une mode de réalisation particulier, l'essentielle de la rigidité verticale de l'emballage 2 est assurée par le squelette 30 et, en particulier, les brins 42. Numerous other arrangements are possible for the strands 42 and 46. In particular, the number of strands can be increased. For example, one or more strands 42 can be added to further stiffen the side wall 16. For example, the side wall 16 can be stiffened by introducing therein additional horizontal and circular strands which surround, from the inside, this side wall. 16. The strands which define the side wall 16 can also cross to increase the number of stitches. Likewise, the width and thickness of the strands of the skeleton 30 are adapted as a function of the rigidity desired for the packaging 2. In particular, in a particular embodiment, the essential of the vertical rigidity of the packaging 2 is provided by the backbone 30 and, in particular, the strands 42.
[0057] Le squelette 30 peut être réalisé dans d'autres matériaux thermoplastiques. Par exemple, le squelette 30 est réalisé dans l'un ou plusieurs des matériaux d'un premier groupe de matériaux thermoplastiques. Le premier groupe de matériaux thermoplastiques est typiquement composé des matériaux thermoplastiques suivants : The skeleton 30 can be made from other thermoplastic materials. For example, the backbone 30 is made from one or more of the materials of a first group of thermoplastic materials. The first group of thermoplastic materials is typically made up of the following thermoplastic materials:
- le polypropylène (PE), - polypropylene (PE),
- le polyéthylène (PP), - polyethylene (PP),
- le polytéréphtalate d'éthylène (PET), - polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
- le polyhydroxyalcanoate (PHA), - polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA),
- l'acide polylactique (PLA). - polylactic acid (PLA).
[0058] Le PHA et le PLA présentent l'intérêt particulier d'être biodégradable. PHA and PLA have the particular advantage of being biodegradable.
Variantes de la feuille thermosoudée : Variants of the heat-sealed sheet:
[0059] En variante, la masse de la couche cartonnée 54 est inférieure à 50 % ou 30 % de la masse totale de l'emballage 2. La masse restante de l'emballage 2 est alors essentiellement constituée par le matériau thermoplastique. As a variant, the mass of the cardboard layer 54 is less than 50% or 30% of the total mass of the packaging 2. The remaining mass of the packaging 2 is then essentially constituted by the thermoplastic material.
[0060] D'autres modes de réalisation sont possibles pour lier la couche cartonnée 54 sur la couche interne 50. Par exemple, dans un mode de réalisation particulier, la couche 52 de liaison est omise. Dans ce cas, par exemple, la couche cartonnée est directement fixée sur la couche interne 50. L'énergie d'adhésion entre la couche interne 50 et la couche cartonnée 54 est alors réglée en ajustant, par exemple, la rugosité de la face extérieure de la couche interne 50 et/ou la rugosité de la face intérieure de la couche cartonnée 54. Other embodiments are possible to bind the cardboard layer 54 to the inner layer 50. For example, in a particular embodiment, the link layer 52 is omitted. In this case, for example, the cardboard layer is directly attached to the inner layer 50. The adhesion energy between the inner layer 50 and the cardboard layer 54 is then adjusted by adjusting, for example, the roughness of the outer face. of the inner layer 50 and / or the roughness of the inner face of the cardboard layer 54.
[0061] D'autres modes de réalisation de la couche 52 sont possibles. Par exemple, la couche 52 est conçue pour se détruire lorsque l'utilisateur tire sur l'appendice 62. Dans ce cas, généralement, après avoir détaché le complexe 60 de la couche interne 50, des reliquats de la couche 52 de liaison subsistent à la fois sur la couche interne 50 et sur la couche cartonnée 54. La couche 52 peut également être conçue pour que son énergie d'adhésion sur la couche interne 50 soit supérieure à son énergie d'adhésion sur la couche cartonnée 54. Dans ce cas, la séparation de la couche cartonnée 54 se produit au niveau de son interface avec la couche 52 de liaison. [0061] Other embodiments of the layer 52 are possible. For example, the layer 52 is designed to destroy itself when the user pulls on the appendix 62. In this case, generally, after having detached the complex 60 from the inner layer 50, remnants of the tie layer 52 remain. both on the inner layer 50 and on the cardboard layer 54. The layer 52 can also be designed so that its adhesion energy on the inner layer 50 is greater than its adhesion energy on the cardboard layer 54. In this case , the separation of the cardboard layer 54 occurs at its interface with the tie layer 52.
[0062] D'autres matériaux peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser la couche de liaison 52. Par exemple, la couche de liaison 52 est réalisée dans un matériau choisi dans le groupe constitué : Other materials can be used to make the tie layer 52. For example, the tie layer 52 is made of a material chosen from the group consisting of:
- du copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle, - copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate,
- d'une résine acrylique, - an acrylic resin,
- d'un copolymère de chlorure de vinyle et d'acétate de vinyle, - a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate,
- d'une résine de cellulose, - a cellulose resin,
- d'un polyamide, - a polyamide,
- d'un polypropylène, - a polypropylene,
- d'un polyoléfine tel qu'un polyéthylène. - a polyolefin such as a polyethylene.
[0063] La couche de liaison peut elle-même être formée de plusieurs sous-couches directement empilées les unes sur les autres, chacune réalisée, par exemple, dans différents matériaux. The tie layer can itself be formed of several sublayers directly stacked on top of each other, each made, for example, in different materials.
[0064] La couche interne 50 et/ou la couche externe 56 peuvent être un vernis ou un film. Elles peuvent aussi être réalisées dans d'autres matériaux. Par exemple, elles peuvent être réalisées dans l'un des matériau du premier groupe précédemment défini. La couche externe 56 peut aussi être réalisée par un vernis ou un film en matériau non-plastique. The inner layer 50 and / or the outer layer 56 can be a varnish or a film. They can also be made in other materials. For example, they can be made from one of the materials of the first group defined above. The outer layer 56 can also be produced by a varnish or a film of non-plastic material.
[0065] La couche interne 50 et/ou la couche externe 56 peuvent aussi être composées de plusieurs sous-couches. Par exemple, elles comportent une sous- couche intérieure réalisée dans l'un des matériaux du premier groupe et une sous- couche externe réalisée dans un autre matériau qui adhère sur la couche de liaison. The inner layer 50 and / or the outer layer 56 can also be made up of several sublayers. For example, they comprise an inner sub-layer made from one of the materials of the first group and an outer sub-layer made from another material which adheres to the tie layer.
[0066] Le matériau de l'autre sous-couche est par exemple choisi dans un second groupe de matériau thermoplastique constitué : The material of the other sublayer is for example chosen from a second group of thermoplastic material consisting of:
- du polyéthylène faible densité, - low density polyethylene,
- d'un ionomère, - an ionomer,
- d'un copolymère éthylène et acide acrylique (EAA), - d'un copolymère éthylène et acide méthacrylique (EMAA), - an ethylene and acrylic acid copolymer (EAA), - an ethylene and methacrylic acid copolymer (EMAA),
- d'un copolymère éthylène et méthyl acrylate (EMAC), - an ethylene and methyl acrylate copolymer (EMAC),
- d'un copolymère éthylène et acrylate d'éthyle (EEA), - an ethylene and ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA),
- d'une copolymère éthylène et méthacrylate méthyle. - of an ethylene and methyl methacrylate copolymer.
[0067] L'une des sous-couches de la couche interne ou de la couche externe peut aussi être réalisée dans un métal tel que de l'aluminium. One of the sub-layers of the inner layer or of the outer layer can also be made from a metal such as aluminum.
[0068] Dans une variante simplifiée, la couche externe 56 est omise. Cela est possible dans le cas où il n'est pas nécessaire de protéger la couche cartonnée 54 contre l'humidité provenant de l'extérieur de l'emballage 2. In a simplified variant, the outer layer 56 is omitted. This is possible in the event that it is not necessary to protect the cardboard layer 54 against moisture coming from the outside of the package 2.
[0069] Dans une autre variante, la feuille 32 comporte plusieurs appendices, remplissant les mêmes fonctions que l'appendice 62. Ces différents appendices sont par exemple disposés à différents endroits sur la paroi de l'emballage 2 pour détacher le complexe 60 de la couche interne 50. In another variant, the sheet 32 comprises several appendages, fulfilling the same functions as the appendix 62. These various appendages are for example arranged at different places on the wall of the package 2 to detach the complex 60 from the inner layer 50.
Autres variantes : Other variations:
[0070] Le matériau thermoplastique utilisé pour réaliser le squelette 30 et certaines des couches de la feuille 32 peut être un matériau thermoplastique pétrosourcé ou biosourcé. Dans le cas des matériaux plastiques pétrosourcés, au moins 71 % en masse de la matière qui les compose est issu du pétrole, du gaz naturel ou du charbon. Dans le cas des matériaux plastiques biosourcés, au moins 30 %, en masse, et de préférence au moins 100 %, en masse, de la matière qui les compose provient de ressources renouvelables telles que le maïs, le blé, l'eucalyptus et la pomme de terre. Aujourd'hui, les matériaux issus de ressources renouvelables qui composent un matériau plastique biosourcé sont souvent l'amidon et des fibres naturelles telles que les fibres de bois, de lin, de chanvre et de jute. Un plastique biosourcé est souvent aussi appelé un « bioplastique ». The thermoplastic material used to make the skeleton 30 and some of the layers of the sheet 32 can be a petroleum-based or bio-based thermoplastic material. In the case of petroleum-based plastic materials, at least 71% by mass of the material they are made of comes from petroleum, natural gas or coal. In the case of biobased plastic materials, at least 30%, by mass, and preferably at least 100%, by mass, of the material that composes them comes from renewable resources such as corn, wheat, eucalyptus and potato. Today, the materials from renewable resources that make up a bio-based plastic material are often starch and natural fibers such as wood, flax, hemp and jute fibers. A bio-based plastic is often also called a “bioplastic”.
[0071] L'emballage 2 peut avoir d'autres formes qu'une forme essentiellement tronconique comme celle précédemment décrite. Par exemple, l'emballage 2 peut aussi avoir la forme d'un polyèdre quelconque. Dans ce cas, typiquement, des brins du squelette s'étendent le long de chacune des arêtes de ce polyèdre. Par exemple, le polyèdre peut être un parallélépipède. Les faces du polyèdre sont chacune un polygone comme par exemple un rectangle. The packaging 2 can have other shapes than an essentially frustoconical shape such as that described above. For example, the package 2 can also have the shape of any polyhedron. In this case, typically, strands of the skeleton extend along each of the edges of this polyhedron. For example, the polyhedron can be a parallelepiped. The faces of the polyhedron are each a polygon such as for example a rectangle.
[0072] L'emballage peut aussi être utilisé pour contenir des produits non alimentaires comme par exemple des vis. The packaging can also be used to contain non-food products such as for example screws.
[0073] En variante, la soudure entre l'opercule 22 et le rebord 18 n'est pas réalisée par thermosoudage mais en utilisant une colle adhésive interposée entre l'opercule 22 et le rebord 18. As a variant, the welding between the cap 22 and the rim 18 is not carried out by heat sealing but by using an adhesive glue interposed between the cap 22 and the rim 18.
[0074] L’opercule 22 peut aussi être soudé sur une autre face annulaire horizontale que la face 24. Par exemple, comme visible sur la figure 1, le rebord 18 comporte une autre face annulaire horizontale située plus près de l'axe 6 et qui peut aussi être utilisée pour coller l'opercule 22. The cover 22 can also be welded to another horizontal annular face than the face 24. For example, as visible in Figure 1, the rim 18 has a another horizontal annular face located closer to the axis 6 and which can also be used to glue the cover 22.
[0075] L'opercule 22 peut aussi être omis. De même, il n'est pas toujours nécessaire que l'emballage 2 soit fermé par un couvercle. The cover 22 can also be omitted. Likewise, it is not always necessary for the package 2 to be closed by a cover.
[0076] La présence d'un rebord et d'un fond en matériau plastique améliore la rigidité horizontale de l'emballage. Cela permet aussi de refermer l'emballage avec un opercule fixé sur le rebord et/ou à l'aide d'un couvercle emboîté sur ce rebord. Cela améliore également la capacité de cet emballage à être traité efficacement et rapidement par des lignes automatiques de conditionnement lors de l'étape 82. En particulier, l'emballage 2 peut être traité plus efficacement et plus rapidement par des lignes automatiques de conditionnement qu'un emballage de forme identique mais entièrement réalisé en carton. Cela s'explique par exemple par : The presence of a rim and a bottom made of plastic material improves the horizontal rigidity of the packaging. This also makes it possible to close the packaging with a cover attached to the rim and / or with the aid of a cover fitted on this rim. This also improves the ability of this package to be processed efficiently and quickly by automatic packaging lines in step 82. In particular, the package 2 can be processed more efficiently and quickly by automatic packaging lines than identical packaging but entirely made of cardboard. This is explained for example by:
- le fait que les marges d'erreur sur les dimensions de l'emballage 2 sont plus petites que si cette emballage était entièrement réalisé en carton, et - the fact that the margins of error on the dimensions of packaging 2 are smaller than if this packaging were made entirely of cardboard, and
- le fait que l'emballage 2 est plus rigide qu'un emballage identique mais entièrement réalisé en carton. - the fact that the packaging 2 is more rigid than an identical packaging but entirely made of cardboard.
[0077] Les brins forment un grillage définissant la forme des parois latérales de l'emballage. De plus, cela améliore la rigidité verticale de cet emballage. A cause du fait que ces brins forment simplement un grillage, cette rigidité supplémentaire est obtenue en utilisant beaucoup moins de matière que si, pour la même rigidité, le squelette comportait des parois pleines en matériau plastique. The strands form a mesh defining the shape of the side walls of the packaging. In addition, this improves the vertical rigidity of this packaging. Due to the fact that these strands simply form a mesh, this additional rigidity is obtained using much less material than if, for the same rigidity, the skeleton had solid walls of plastic material.
[0078] Le fait que l'essentiel de la rigidité horizontale de l'emballage soit le résultat de la présence du squelette en matériau plastique, permet de limiter l'épaisseur de la feuille 32. En effet, celle-ci a alors principalement pour fonction d'obturer les mailles du squelette et donc d'isoler mécaniquement le volume intérieur 4 de l'extérieur et, éventuellement, d'assurer l'essentiel de la rigidité verticale. À cause de cela, la quantité de matière utilisée pour former les parois de l'emballage 2 est réduite. The fact that most of the horizontal rigidity of the packaging is the result of the presence of the skeleton made of plastic material, makes it possible to limit the thickness of the sheet 32. In fact, the latter then has mainly for function of closing the meshes of the skeleton and therefore of mechanically isolating the interior volume 4 from the exterior and, optionally, of ensuring most of the vertical rigidity. Because of this, the amount of material used to form the walls of the package 2 is reduced.
[0079] Ainsi, la combinaison du squelette 30 et de la feuille 32 permet d'obtenir un emballage aussi rigide que les emballages existants mais en utilisant moins de matière. Cette réduction de la quantité de matière est donc déjà un premier élément qui contribue en lui-même à réduire l'impact environnemental de l'emballage 2. Thus, the combination of the skeleton 30 and the sheet 32 makes it possible to obtain a packaging which is as rigid as the existing packaging but using less material. This reduction in the quantity of material is therefore already a first element which in itself contributes to reducing the environmental impact of packaging 2.
[0080] Le fait que la feuille soit essentiellement composée par un agrégat de fibres de papier est un second élément qui contribue à réduire l'impact environnemental de cet emballage. En effet, les fibres de papier sont issues de ressources renouvelables. The fact that the sheet is essentially composed of an aggregate of paper fibers is a second element which contributes to reducing the environmental impact of this packaging. Indeed, paper fibers come from renewable resources.
[0081] Enfin, le fait que, après usage, l'usager puisse facilement détacher la couche cartonnée du reste de l'emballage constitue un troisième élément qui va limiter l'impact environnemental de l'emballage 2. En effet, cela facilite d'une part le recyclage du squelette 30 et de la couche interne 50 dans une filière spécialisée dans le recyclage des matériaux plastiques et, d'autre part, le recyclage de la couche cartonnée dans une filière spécialisée dans le recyclage des papiers. De plus, la couche cartonnée 54 qui arrive dans un centre spécialisé dans le recyclage du papier comporte au plus la couche externe 56 en matériau plastique. Par conséquent, la quantité de matériau plastique associé à la couche cartonnée 54 est faible, ce qui facilite son recyclage. Finally, the fact that, after use, the user can easily detach the cardboard layer from the rest of the packaging constitutes a third element which will limit the environmental impact of the packaging 2. Indeed, this facilitates '' on the one hand the recycling of the skeleton 30 and of the internal layer 50 in a sector specializing in the recycling of plastic materials and, on the other hand, the recycling of the cardboard layer in a sector specializing in paper recycling. In addition, the cardboard layer 54 which arrives in a center specializing in the recycling of paper comprises at most the outer layer 56 of plastic material. Therefore, the amount of plastic material associated with the cardboard layer 54 is small, which facilitates its recycling.
[0082] Enfin, l'emballage 2 présente aussi l'avantage de rester simple à fabriquer par moulage par injection. Finally, the packaging 2 also has the advantage of remaining simple to manufacture by injection molding.
[0083] Le fait que le fond de l'emballage soit aussi défini par les mailles d'un grillage plutôt que par un fond plein limite encore plus la quantité de matériau plastique employé pour réaliser l'emballage sans pour autant dégrader sa rigidité. The fact that the bottom of the packaging is also defined by the meshes of a mesh rather than by a solid bottom further limits the amount of plastic material used to make the packaging without degrading its rigidity.
[0084] Le fait de réaliser le squelette 30 et la couche interne 50 dans le même matériau thermoplastique facilite le soudage de la feuille sur le squelette. Cela facilite également le recyclage du squelette et de la couche interne car, pour les recycler, il n'est alors pas nécessaire de les séparer l'un de l'autre. The fact of making the skeleton 30 and the internal layer 50 in the same thermoplastic material facilitates the welding of the sheet to the skeleton. This also facilitates the recycling of the backbone and the inner layer because, in order to recycle them, it is then not necessary to separate them from one another.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Emballage rigide, comportant : 1. Rigid packaging, comprising:
- un squelette (30) en matériau thermoplastique, ce squelette comportant : - a skeleton (30) in thermoplastic material, this skeleton comprising:
• un rebord (18) entourant une ouverture (20) par l'intermédiaire de laquelle un produit peut être retiré de l'emballage, • a rim (18) surrounding an opening (20) through which a product can be removed from the packaging,
• un fond (40), • a background (40),
• des brins (42) mécaniquement reliés au fond et au rebord et qui forment des mailles d'un grillage qui définit l'ossature d'une paroi latérale (16) de l'emballage, cette paroi latérale s'étendant depuis le fond jusqu'au rebord et, en association avec le fond, délimitant un volume creux d'au moins 50 cm3 capable de recevoir le produit, • strands (42) mechanically connected to the bottom and to the rim and which form meshes of a mesh which defines the framework of a side wall (16) of the packaging, this side wall extending from the bottom to 'at the rim and, in association with the bottom, delimiting a hollow volume of at least 50 cm 3 capable of receiving the product,
- une feuille (32) thermosoudée sur le squelette et obturant les mailles qui définissent la paroi latérale, - a sheet (32) heat-sealed to the skeleton and closing the meshes which define the side wall,
caractérisé en ce que : characterized in that:
- cette feuille comporte dans l'ordre : - this sheet contains in order:
• une couche interne (50) en matériau thermoplastique thermosoudée sur les brins du squelette, • an internal layer (50) of thermoplastic material heat-sealed to the strands of the skeleton,
• une couche cartonnée (54) en agrégat de fibres de papier, la masse de cette couche cartonnée représentant plus de 50 % de la masse totale de la feuille, • a cardboard layer (54) of aggregate of paper fibers, the mass of this cardboard layer representing more than 50% of the total mass of the sheet,
- l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche cartonnée (54) sur la couche interne (50) est inférieure à l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche interne (50) sur les brins (42) du squelette, et - the adhesion energy of the cardboard layer (54) on the internal layer (50) is less than the adhesion energy of the internal layer (50) on the strands (42) of the skeleton, and
- la feuille thermosoudée comporte un appendice (62) de préhension pour la main d'un être humain, cet appendice étant solidaire de la couche cartonnée et permettant, par traction manuelle sur cet appendice, le pelage manuel de la couche cartonnée pour la détacher mécaniquement de la couche interne. - the heat-sealed sheet has an appendix (62) for gripping the hand of a human being, this appendix being integral with the cardboard layer and allowing, by manual traction on this appendix, the manual peeling of the cardboard layer to mechanically detach it of the inner layer.
2. Emballage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel : 2. Packaging according to claim 1, wherein:
- le squelette comporte également des brins (44, 46) qui forment des mailles d'un grillage qui définit le fond de l'emballage, et - the skeleton also comprises strands (44, 46) which form meshes of a mesh which defines the bottom of the packaging, and
- la feuille thermosoudée obture également les mailles qui définissent le fond de l'emballage. - the heat-sealed sheet also closes the meshes which define the bottom of the packaging.
3. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le squelette (30) et la couche interne (50) sont réalisés dans le même matériau thermoplastique. 3. Packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the skeleton (30) and the inner layer (50) are made of the same thermoplastic material.
4. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la feuille thermosoudée comporte une couche (52) de liaison interposée entre la couche interne et la couche cartonnée, cette couche de liaison étant apte à fixer la couche cartonnée sur la couche interne avec une énergie d'adhésion inférieure à l'énergie d'adhésion de la couche interne sur les brins du squelette. 4. Packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-sealed sheet comprises a bonding layer (52) interposed between the inner layer and the cardboard layer, this bonding layer being suitable for fixing the cardboard layer on the inner layer. with an adhesion energy lower than the adhesion energy of the inner layer on the backbone strands.
5. Emballage selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la couche de liaison est agencée de manière à ce que la force à exercer, dans une direction perpendiculaire à la face de la feuille (32), sur l'appendice (62) pour peler la couche cartonnée est comprise entre 0,5 N et 5 N. 5. Packaging according to claim 4, wherein the tie layer is arranged so that the force to be exerted, in a direction perpendicular to the face of the sheet (32), on the appendage (62) to peel the cardboard layer is between 0.5 N and 5 N.
6. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'appendice (62) est une languette fixée sans aucun degré de liberté sur la couche cartonnée. 6. Packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the appendage (62) is a tab fixed without any degree of freedom on the cardboard layer.
7. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'emballage comporte un opercule (22) thermosoudé sur le rebord (18) de manière à obturer complètement l'ouverture et/ou un couvercle emboîté sur le rebord de manière à obturer complètement cette ouverture. 7. Packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the packaging comprises a cover (22) heat-sealed to the rim (18) so as to completely close the opening and / or a cover fitted on the rim so as to completely close this opening.
8. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la masse de la couche cartonnée (54) est supérieure à 50 % de la masse totale de l'emballage. 8. Packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the mass of the cardboard layer (54) is greater than 50% of the total mass of the packaging.
9. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la feuille (32) comporte, du coté de la couche cartonnée (54) opposé à la couche interne (50), une couche externe (56) apte à protéger la couche cartonnée (54) vis-à- vis de l'humidité extérieure. 9. Packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheet (32) comprises, on the side of the cardboard layer (54) opposite the inner layer (50), an outer layer (56) capable of protecting the layer. cardboard (54) vis-à-vis external humidity.
10. Procédé de fabrication d'un emballage conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ce procédé comporte : 10. A method of manufacturing a packaging according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this method comprises:
- le placement (74) de la feuille à l'intérieur d'une coquille femelle d'un moule, - the placement (74) of the sheet inside a female shell of a mold,
- le positionnement (76) d'une coquille mâle à l'intérieur de la coquille femelle, cette coquille mâle étant alors directement en appui sur la feuille, les coquilles mâle et femelle définissant ainsi par coopération de forme une empreinte en creux du squelette, cette empreinte en creux étant directement en contact avec la feuille aux endroits où la feuille doit être soudée sur le squelette, - l'injection (78) du matériau thermoplastique dans l'empreinte en creux, cette injection entraînant ainsi en même temps la formation du squelette et la soudure de la feuille sur les brins du squelette pour obtenir l'emballage, et - the positioning (76) of a male shell inside the female shell, this male shell then resting directly on the sheet, the male and female shells thus defining by form cooperation a hollow imprint of the skeleton, this indentation being directly in contact with the sheet at the places where the sheet must be welded to the skeleton, - the injection (78) of the thermoplastic material into the hollow impression, this injection thus causing at the same time the formation of the skeleton and the welding of the sheet on the strands of the skeleton to obtain the packaging, and
- le retrait (80) de l'emballage obtenu du moule. - the withdrawal (80) of the packaging obtained from the mold.
EP20705425.5A 2019-01-22 2020-01-17 Rigid packaging and method for producing said packaging Active EP3914530B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1900518A FR3091856B1 (en) 2019-01-22 2019-01-22 RIGID PACKAGING AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH PACKAGING
PCT/FR2020/050067 WO2020152411A1 (en) 2019-01-22 2020-01-17 Rigid packaging and method for producing said packaging

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3914530A1 true EP3914530A1 (en) 2021-12-01
EP3914530B1 EP3914530B1 (en) 2023-06-07

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EP (1) EP3914530B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3091856B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020152411A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022128475B3 (en) * 2022-10-27 2024-04-11 Johann A. Löning Reusable container especially for food

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2445553A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2004-03-10 Stackteck Systems Limited Semi-molded thin wall container configuration and method
US20060011634A1 (en) * 2004-07-13 2006-01-19 Daiwa Gravure Co., Ltd. Cup shaped container
GB2510643A (en) * 2013-02-12 2014-08-13 Intercontinental Great Brands Llc Container
US8701914B1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-04-22 Ronald Mark Buck Two-part recyclable cup
PL2803598T3 (en) * 2013-05-13 2017-07-31 Bestwin Resources Limited Composite cup structures

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FR3091856B1 (en) 2020-12-25
WO2020152411A1 (en) 2020-07-30
EP3914530B1 (en) 2023-06-07
FR3091856A1 (en) 2020-07-24

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