EP3909650B1 - Fahrzeug mit feuerlöschanlage - Google Patents

Fahrzeug mit feuerlöschanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3909650B1
EP3909650B1 EP21173919.8A EP21173919A EP3909650B1 EP 3909650 B1 EP3909650 B1 EP 3909650B1 EP 21173919 A EP21173919 A EP 21173919A EP 3909650 B1 EP3909650 B1 EP 3909650B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
energy storage
vehicle according
storage means
diffuser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21173919.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3909650C0 (de
EP3909650A1 (de
Inventor
Marco Aimo Boot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iveco SpA
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Iveco SpA
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3909650C0 publication Critical patent/EP3909650C0/de
Publication of EP3909650B1 publication Critical patent/EP3909650B1/de
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • A62C3/065—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products for containers filled with inflammable liquids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/03—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing adjustable, e.g. from spray to jet or vice versa

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system for a vehicle, in particular an emergency cooling system for an alternative drive vehicle, such as an electric vehicle or a gas/hydrogen powered vehicle.
  • electric vehicles comprise battery packs configured to provide a sufficient source of electrical energy to allow traction of the vehicle as well as the operation of other auxiliary comfort devices such as the air conditioning system or functional devices, such as screens for displaying information useful to passengers.
  • the electric batteries used in said vehicles are electrochemical storage devices which, during use in charging and discharging, tend to heat up.
  • thermo runaway a phenomenon in which the temperature triggers exothermic reactions that further raise the temperature and therefore consequently leading to disastrous consequences such as explosions or fires that can involve the entire vehicle and its occupants.
  • the fuel is normally housed in pressurized tanks carried by the vehicle itself and made of steel or composite material to allow the same to be sealed at high pressure, for example at a pressure greater than 100 bar.
  • said battery packs/pressurized tanks are normally housed on the roof of the vehicle in order not to limit the space suitable for passenger transport.
  • the object of the present invention is to satisfy the above requirements in an optimized and inexpensive way.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a vehicle 1, such as a vehicle for the public transport of people, provided with a plurality of walls 2 defining an internal volume suitable for the transport of passengers.
  • said walls comprise a floor, not shown, a plurality of side walls 2a, a front/rear wall 2b and a roof 2c.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises a plurality of energy storage means 4 carried by the vehicle 1 itself and configured to define an energy source usable by driving means (not illustrated) of the vehicle 1 allowing the operation thereof.
  • Said energy storage means 4 can be packs of electric batteries or compressed gas tanks such as hydrogen or liquid natural gas, LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) or compressed natural gas, CNG (Compressed Natural Gas).
  • the vehicle 1 is an electric bus and the energy storage means 4 comprise battery packs 5, however, as is clear from the following, the present invention can be validly used if the energy storage means 4 were pressurized tanks and the vehicle was of a different type.
  • the battery packs 5 are housed inside respective casing 6 fixed on the roof 2c of the vehicle 1.
  • each casing 6 can be enclosed within a space 7 delimited by a lid 8 enclosing the various casings 6 so as to separate them from the external environment.
  • each casing 6 can house inside the same, as is known, in addition to the battery packs 5, relative cables and electronic elements necessary for the transfer of electrical energy between the batteries and the driving means of the vehicle 1, not illustrated.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises a fire extinguishing system 10 comprising at least one hydraulic interface 11 configured to couple with a pipe configured to inject a fire extinguishing fluid into the system 10, diffuser means 12 configured to spray towards the energy storage means 4 the fluid injected by means of the hydraulic interface 11 and a hydraulic distribution circuit 13 configured to fluidically connect the hydraulic interface 11 with the diffuser means 12.
  • a fire extinguishing system 10 comprising at least one hydraulic interface 11 configured to couple with a pipe configured to inject a fire extinguishing fluid into the system 10, diffuser means 12 configured to spray towards the energy storage means 4 the fluid injected by means of the hydraulic interface 11 and a hydraulic distribution circuit 13 configured to fluidically connect the hydraulic interface 11 with the diffuser means 12.
  • the fire extinguishing system 10 comprises a plurality of hydraulic interfaces 11 advantageously obtained in the side walls 2a of the vehicle 1, preferably, as in the case described, in the front and rear portion of the vehicle 1.
  • these hydraulic interfaces 11 are made at a height close to the wheels of the vehicle 1, advantageously between the wheels of the vehicle 1 and windows of the vehicle in order to be at human height so as to allow rescuers to easily connect a pipe with the hydraulic interface 11.
  • each hydraulic interface 11 comprises an opening configured to allow the insertion of a fire extinguishing type pipe or any pipe suitable for inserting pressurized liquid.
  • the fluid inserted can be water or any mixture of water and fire extinguishing agents of a known type.
  • the hydraulic distribution circuit 13 advantageously comprises a network of pipes 14, made with a heat and combustion resistant material and configured to fluidically connect the hydraulic interfaces 11 with the diffuser means 12.
  • vertical pipes 14 are provided, carried by the side walls 2a and connected directly to a respective hydraulic interface 11 and horizontal pipes 14 carried by the roof 2c connected to the vertical pipes 14 and to each diffuser means 12.
  • the diffuser means 12 comprise at least one nozzle 16, 17, as described in the following and selectively connectable to an end portion of a pipe 14 and facing a respective casing 6 of a battery pack 5.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the diffuser means 12 according to the invention.
  • the diffuser means 12 comprise a nozzle 16 configured to define a direct jet of refrigerant fluid focusing on a limited area of the casing 6 of the battery packs 5.
  • the casing 6 defines an opening 6a provided with a meltable element 15 configured to close the opening 6a when the temperature of the battery pack 5 is lower than a predetermined threshold temperature. If the temperature of the battery pack 5 is higher than the predetermined threshold temperature, said meltable element 15 is configured to melt and leave the opening 6a free so as to allow the latter to communicate with the space 7. In this way, the jet of refrigerant fluid coming from the nozzle 16 can penetrate inside the battery pack 5 by passing through the opening 6a.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a second embodiment of the diffuser means 12.
  • the diffuser means 12 comprise a nozzle 17 configured to define a jet of diffused fluid (also called mist or fog) configured to spray a large area of the outer surface of the casing 6.
  • Said configuration provides a screen of fluid for thermal protection capable of confining the energy storage means 4 involved from the rest of the vehicle 1.
  • the diffuser means 12 can comprise a variable jet nozzle configured to vary the shape of the jet from closed, to full to a fog jet.
  • said nozzle is a motorized nozzle that can comprise a lever mechanism, operated by a specialized actuator, configured to vary the opening of the nozzle in order to vary according to the types described above.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises temperature sensor means, not illustrated, configured to detect the temperature of each of the energy storage means 4.
  • said sensors can be of any type and be placed in the immediate vicinity, for example on the casing 6 or inside the battery packs 5.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises, furthermore, an electronic unit electrically connected to the temperature sensor means and comprising processing means configured to process the signal detected by the temperature sensor means and compare it with a threshold temperature stored in the electronic unit.
  • said electronic unit can be the ECU of the vehicle 1.
  • the driver of the vehicle 1 is warned of the danger of fire due to overheating of the energy storage means 4, by visual or acoustic signalling means such as, for example, a warning light and/or an acoustic signal. In this way, the driver can alert the emergency vehicles and ask for assistance.
  • the vehicle 1 can further comprise telecommunication means, not illustrated, electronically connected to the electronic unit and configured to communicate with one or more known emergency stations, for example the fire department, the need for fire rescue and essential vehicle data stored in the electronic unit of the vehicle, such as the position (for example GPS) of the same, the type of vehicle, the licence plate number, the presence of the fire extinguishing system 10 according to the present invention, etc. In this way, if there is an overheating condition of the energy storage means 4, emergency assistance is automatically requested.
  • emergency stations for example the fire department
  • control of the actuator means can be carried out by the aforementioned electronic unit or remotely by short-range remote control means, for example WiFi.
  • Said remote control means can comprise a remote control, provided on the vehicle and usable by the driver or integrated by way of an app that can be downloaded on any smartphone.
  • the electronic unit If the electronic unit detects that the temperature of the energy storage means 4 exceeds the predetermined threshold, it will generate an overheating warning signal to the driver of the vehicle 1 and, if foreseen, it will send an intervention request signal to the nearest emergency station.
  • the rescuers will be able to connect their pipes directly into the openings of the hydraulic interfaces 11 so as to insert the fluid into the circuit 13. Inside the latter, the fluid will rise to the roof 2c and will be conveyed to each diffuser means 12.
  • the casing 6 is provided with a meltable element 15 and the jet provided by the nozzle 16 will be direct and therefore will be sent directly to the battery pack 5, flooding the same.
  • the electronic unit or remotely the driver of the vehicle 1 or a rescuer can adjust the shape of the jet of the diffuser means 12 according to the type of overheating/fire present in the energy storage means 4.
  • the fire extinguishing system 10 it is possible to cool/extinguish a possible ignition of fire relating to the energy storage means 4, thus avoiding an explosion or the spreading of phenomena such as thermal runaway.
  • the driver and/or the rescuers can be promptly notified in order to act as soon as possible.
  • rescuers are greatly facilitated because they can act at human height to insert the fire extinguishing fluid that will reach the energy storage means 4, even if placed at heights that are difficult to reach or inside panels of the vehicle 1.
  • nozzles 16, 17 of different types makes it possible to obtain a versatile fire extinguishing system 10 which can be used on energy storage means 4 provided with closed casings or provided with a fire extinguishing access, such as that by way of the described meltable element.
  • heat and flame resistant pipes 14 allows the fire extinguishing fluid to reach, even if it has already spread, various parts of the vehicle 1.
  • variable flow nozzle allows to implement an overheating/fire containment strategy optimized according to the specific situation of the energy storage vehicles 4 in total safety.
  • the energy storage means 4 can be of various types (electric or explosive fluid) and can be enclosed in casings of different shape and position in the vehicle 1.
  • the number of hydraulic interfaces, of energy storage means 4 and the type of the hydraulic circuit 13 can vary as a result of the type of vehicle 1.
  • nozzles 16, 17 can be used in combination with one another.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Fahrzeug (1), umfassend zumindest ein Energiespeichermittel (4) und Antriebsmittel, ausgebildet zur Nutzung der in dem zumindest einen Energiespeichermittel (4) gespeicherten Energie zum Betrieb des Fahrzeugs (1), welches Fahrzeug (1) ein Feuerlöschsystem (10) umfasst, umfassend:
    - zumindest hydraulischen Anschluss (11), ausgebildet, um die Einleitung eines Feuerlöschfluids in das Feuerlöschsystem (10) zu ermöglichen;
    - Diffusionsmittel (12), ausgebildet, um das Feuerlöschfluid in Richtung des zumindest einen Energiespeichermittels (4) zu sprühen; und
    - einen hydraulischen Kreislauf (13), der den zumindest einen hydraulischen Anschluss (11) mit dem Diffusionsmittel (12) fluidtechnisch verbindet,
    wobei die Diffusionsmittel (12) zumindest eine Düse (16, 17) umfassen, ausgebildet, um das Fluid aus dem hydraulischen Kreislauf (13) in Richtung des Energiespeichermittels (4) zu sprühen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Energiespeichermittel (4) ein Gehäuse (6) umfasst, welches Gehäuse (6) eine zur Aufnahme eines schmelzbaren Elements (15) ausgebildete Öffnung (6a) begrenzt, welches schmelzbare Element (15) dazu ausgebildet ist, zu schmelzen, wenn das Energiespeichermittel (4) eine vorbestimmte Schwelltemperatur erreicht, wobei das Diffusionsmittel (12) eine Direktstrahldüse (16) umfasst, ausgebildet zum Sprühen des Fluids in das Gehäuse (6) durch die Öffnung (6a).
  2. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 1, bei welchem der Hydraulikkreislauf (13) Leitungen (14) umfasst, die den zumindest einen hydraulischen Anschluss (11) mit dem Diffusionsmittel (12) verbinden.
  3. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 2, bei welchem die Leitungen (14) aus hitze- und feuerbeständigem Material bestehen.
  4. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine Mehrzahl hydraulischer Anschlüsse (11), welche Mehrzahl hydraulischer Anschlüsse (11) vorn und hinten am Fahrzeug angeordnet sind.
  5. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem das zumindest eine Energiespeichermittel (4) auf einem Dach (2c) des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist und wobei der zumindest eine hydraulische Anschluss (11) an einer Seitenwand (2a) des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist.
  6. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 5, bei welchem der zumindest eine hydraulische Anschluss (11) auf menschlicher Körperhöhe angeordnet ist.
  7. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 5 oder 6, bei welchem der zumindest eine hydraulische Anschluss (11) auf einer Höhe zwischen den Rädern und den Fenstern des Fahrzeugs (1) an einer Seitenwand (2a) angeordnet ist.
  8. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem das Energiespeichermittel (4) ein Gehäuse (6) umfasst und das Diffusionsmittel (12) eine Diffusionsstrahldüse (17) umfasst, die zum Sprühen des Fluids auf das Gehäuse (6) ausgebildet sind.
  9. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die Düse eine variable Strahldüse ist und das Fahrzeug (1) Betätigungsmittel umfasst, die zur Veränderung des Strahls der Düse ausgebildet sind.
  10. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 9, bei welchem die Betätigungsmittel ferngesteuert betätigt werden.
  11. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 10, bei welchem die Fernsteuerung durch elektromagnetische Signale realisiert wird, die zur Steuerung der Betätigungsmittel ausgebildet sind, welche elektromagnetischen Signale durch eine Fernsteuerung erzeugt werden, die für die Betätigungsmittel vorgesehen ist, oder durch ein Smartphone, das mit einer Applikation versehen ist, die zur Steuerung der Betätigungsmittel ausgebildet ist.
  12. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend Temperatursensormittel, ausgebildet zur Messung der Temperatur des zumindest einen Energiespeichermittels (4), und eine elektronische Einheit, die elektronisch mit dem Temperatursensormittel verbunden ist und Verarbeitungsmittel umfasst, die zum Empfang eines Temperatursignals, das durch die Sensormittel gemessen wird, ausgebildet sind, wobei die elektronische Einheit dazu ausgebildet ist, das gemessene Temperatursignal zu verarbeiten und es mit einem gespeicherten Schwelltemperaturwert zu vergleichen, und dann, falls die gemessene Temperatur höher ist als der gespeicherte Schwelltemperaturwert, einem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs (1) einen Überhitzungszustand des zumindest einen Energiespeichermittels (4) zu signalisieren.
  13. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 12, umfassend visuelle und/oder akustische Signalmittel, die elektrisch mit der elektronischen Einheit verbunden sind und dazu ausgebildet sind, dem Fahrer visuell und/oder akustisch einen Überhitzungszustand zu signalisieren.
  14. Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 12 oder 13, bei welchem die elektronische Einheit die elektronische Steuereinheit (ECU) des Fahrzeugs (1) ist.
  15. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem das zumindest eine Energiespeichermittel (4) ein Pack elektrischer Batterien (5) oder einen mit Druck beaufschlagten Treibstoffgastank umfasst.
  16. Fahrzeug gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, umfassend Telekommunikationsmittel, die elektronisch mit der elektronischen Einheit verbunden sind, welche Telekommunikationsmittel dazu ausgebildet sind, ein Signal an eine entfernte Notfallstation zu senden, falls die von den Sensormitteln gemessene Temperatur höher ist als der gespeicherte Schwelltemperaturwert.
  17. System, umfassend eine entfernte Notfallstation und ein Fahrzeug (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, wobei das Fahrzeug (1) und die entfernte Notfallstation Telekommunikationsmittel umfassen, ausgebildet, um eine Signalübertragung vom Fahrzeug (1) zu der entfernten Notfallstation zu ermöglichen, um einen Überhitzungszustand des zumindest einen Energiespeichermittels (4) mitzuteilen.
  18. System, umfassend ein Fahrzeug (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11 und Fernsteuerungsmittel, ausgebildet zur Steuerung des Strahls der Düse.
EP21173919.8A 2020-05-15 2021-05-14 Fahrzeug mit feuerlöschanlage Active EP3909650B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000011245A IT202000011245A1 (it) 2020-05-15 2020-05-15 Veicolo provvisto di sistema antincendio

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EP3909650A1 EP3909650A1 (de) 2021-11-17
EP3909650C0 EP3909650C0 (de) 2024-04-17
EP3909650B1 true EP3909650B1 (de) 2024-04-17

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Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200003878A1 (it) * 2022-03-02 2023-09-02 Iveco Spa Sistema di sicurezza per pacco batterie di propulsione veicolare
CN114914622B (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-09-30 广东采日能源科技有限公司 一种储能集装箱
KR102729988B1 (ko) * 2022-12-19 2024-11-15 주식회사 한진지티씨 지주식 소방호스 관창
KR102809793B1 (ko) * 2023-12-18 2025-05-21 한국기계연구원 전기차 화재 진압용 이동식 침수조 및 이를 구비한 전기차 화재 진압 장치
EP4663253A1 (de) * 2024-06-12 2025-12-17 Iveco S.P.A. System zur verankerung einer feuerdüse an einem fahrzeug, insbesondere für ein elektrofahrzeug
KR102761009B1 (ko) * 2024-07-03 2025-02-03 탱크테크 (주) 전기버스 화재진압 장치
KR102733994B1 (ko) * 2024-09-06 2024-11-25 탱크테크 (주) 유압 실린더를 통해 적재 및 하역이 가능한 전기버스 화재진압 장치

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DE102012208000A1 (de) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erkennen eines Brandes oder eines unmittelbar bevorstehenden Brandes eines Kraftfahrzeugs
FR2991258B1 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2016-05-06 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme de batteries de vehicule comportant un conduit d'eau comprenant un systeme d'obstruction
US20160346573A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Bradley Dean Carson Lithium battery fire suppression water hose system
KR102437707B1 (ko) * 2017-04-07 2022-08-29 현대자동차주식회사 차량용 배터리 화재 진화 시스템 및 제어방법
CN111017024A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-17 天津广通汽车有限公司 电动客车

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EP3909650A1 (de) 2021-11-17
IT202000011245A1 (it) 2021-11-15

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