EP3903057B1 - Walking beam furnace for continuously discharging and shredding scale - Google Patents

Walking beam furnace for continuously discharging and shredding scale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3903057B1
EP3903057B1 EP19845707.9A EP19845707A EP3903057B1 EP 3903057 B1 EP3903057 B1 EP 3903057B1 EP 19845707 A EP19845707 A EP 19845707A EP 3903057 B1 EP3903057 B1 EP 3903057B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
beams
refractory
stationary
lrm
furnace
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EP19845707.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3903057A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Maternova
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Fives Stein SA
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Fives Stein SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/201—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace walking beam furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
    • F27D25/008—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag using fluids or gases, e.g. blowers, suction units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to reheating furnaces with moving beams intended to heat steel products, for example carbon steel or stainless steel, in particular slabs, blooms, blanks or billets, to a suitable temperature for their rolling at hot.
  • steel products for example carbon steel or stainless steel, in particular slabs, blooms, blanks or billets
  • the furnace allows products to be heated to high temperatures, around 1,150°C for carbon steel.
  • the heating of the furnace is commonly carried out by burners operating in slight excess of air, which results in the presence of oxygen in the furnace.
  • Significant oxidation of products in the furnace results from the combination of high temperature and the presence of oxygen.
  • Iron and steel reheating furnaces operate continuously and have large production capacities, ranging for example from 120 t/h to 650 t/h.
  • the weight loss of the products resulting from the oxidation is commonly of the order of 0.6%. When it detaches from the products, scale falls on the floor of the oven on which it accumulates.
  • scale By the term scale, the present description denotes not only the actual scale resulting from the oxidation of the products, but more generally any solid polluting residue.
  • the evacuation of scale can be carried out during periodic stoppages of the furnace.
  • This solution is not satisfactory, because it leads to a significant loss of production due to the time required for cooling the furnace, manually removing the scale, then raising the temperature of the furnace.
  • the furnace can be equipped with descaling doors from which an operator will ringarder, that is to say scrape and mechanically evacuate, the scale using a tool, of the rake type.
  • This solution is not satisfactory either, because access to the scale located in the center of the furnace is not easy.
  • the opening of these descaling doors causes air to enter the oven, which has the effect of increasing the oxidation of the products present inside. Examples of this type of device are described in the document GB813362 .
  • the movable beam furnace equipped with fixed beams, and movable beams.
  • the spars have cooled andirons and keels.
  • the movable beams allow the transport of the products in the oven following a rectangular cycle comprising a first phase of ascent which makes it possible to lift the products from the fixed beams. It is followed by a second phase of horizontal transport followed by a third phase of depositing the products on the fixed beams.
  • the products are thus moved by one step on the fixed beams before the fourth phase of moving the moving beams back to their initial position.
  • the total duration of a rectangular cycle is approximately 55 seconds.
  • the beams can be offset transversely towards the exit of the oven, also called the removal zone.
  • the floor should be thicker than in the rest of the furnace, that inclined surfaces be installed in this thicker zone of the sole, with a slope of the walls sufficient to avoid sloping, so as to collect the scale and the residues and lead them towards the evacuation ducts which open into bins water tank, and that the water tanks are fixed to the translation frame allowing the continuous evacuation of part of the scale coming from the evacuation ducts, while maintaining the leaktightness of the furnace.
  • the increase in the thickness of the sole indeed allows the implantation of hoppers formed by the inclined surfaces having a significant slope while having a wide opening flush with the sole in order to cover the maximum possible surface. This characteristic contributes to the evacuation of scale or other residue.
  • the Applicant has continued to work on the possibilities of improving such moving beam furnaces.
  • the solution according to the prior art is not entirely satisfactory, because the scale falls mainly on the sole between the passages for the mobile keel, outside the hoppers described above, and this scale is not evacuated. Also, the evacuation of this majority part of scale can be carried out only during periodic stops of the furnace, according to a period comprised between six and twelve months.
  • An object of the invention is in particular to remedy all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a furnace with refractory beams comprising movable beams comprising movable andirons supported by movable keels, and fixed beams comprising fixed andirons supported by fixed keels, and means of drives arranged to move a lifting frame and a translation frame according to a rectangular displacement cycle having two vertical positions, respectively upper and lower, and an intermediate vertical position in which the mobile andirons are at the same height as the fixed andirons, the moveable andirons projecting above the fixed andirons in the upper position, the moveable andirons being lower than the fixed andirons in the lower position.
  • the mobile refractory spars are arranged transversely between the fixed refractory spars and separated on each side of the fixed refractory spars by a space, the mobile keels are fixed on the mobile refractory spars, and the mobile refractory spars are fixed on the translation frame and arranged substantially at the same height as the fixed refractory beams in the intermediate position.
  • the furnace further comprises a plurality of longitudinal water tanks arranged in line with the separation spaces and fixed to the fixed refractory beams delimiting a separation space, and a plurality of skirts fixed to the mobile refractory beams delimiting said separation space and plunging in the water tanks.
  • the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams can extend over all or part of the length of the furnace.
  • the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams have an inclined and rounded profile on the upper part, the inclined profile possibly having a slope forming with the horizontal an angle greater than the slope angle of the scale.
  • the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams are made of concrete with a low cement content, based on tabular alumina and spinel.
  • the oven may further include scrapers attached to the plurality of skirts.
  • the profile of the scrapers can be adapted to favor the crushing and the evacuation of the scale.
  • the squeegees can have, for example, a spade-shaped profile.
  • the water tank can be provided with flushes arranged to flush out water, and scale, from the discharging to the discharging.
  • the furnace may include refractory stringers over only part of the length of the furnace.
  • At least one water tank may have a rectangular shape, at least one transverse section of the water tank providing a connection between two longitudinal sections of the water tank arranged on either side of a refractory spar.
  • the furnace comprises water tanks equipped with two water flushes at their end located on the charging side, allowing the evacuation of the scale, and of part of the water, in a transverse tank. towards a central drain.
  • a process for the continuous grinding and evacuation of the scale in a furnace with refractory beams comprising movable beams comprising movable andirons supported by movable keels, and fixed beams comprising fixed andirons supported by fixed keels, and drive means arranged to move a lifting frame and a translation frame according to a rectangular displacement cycle having two vertical positions, respectively upper and lower, and an intermediate vertical position in which the movable andirons are at the same height as the fixed andirons, the movable andirons projecting above the fixed andirons in the upper position, the movable andirons being at a lower level than the fixed andirons in the lower position.
  • the furnace implemented in the process for the continuous grinding and evacuation of the scale comprises a plurality of fixed refractory beams extending longitudinally, a plurality of movable refractory beams extending longitudinally, the movable refractory beams being arranged transversely between the fixed refractory spars and separated on each side of the fixed refractory spars by a separation space, the mobile keels being fixed on the mobile refractory spars, and the mobile refractory spars being fixed on the translation frame and arranged substantially at the same height as the fixed refractory beams in the intermediate position, the furnace further comprising a plurality of water tanks arranged in line with the separation spaces and fixed to one of the refractory beams, and a plurality of skirts, fixed to the other refractory beam delimiting said separation space, plunging into the water troughs, the ca laminate being crushed by the beams during its passage through the separation spaces and being continuously evacuated by the plurality of water tanks.
  • variants of the invention may in particular be considered comprising only a selection of characteristics described, subsequently isolated from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient. to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
  • This selection includes at least one feature, preferably functional without structural details, or with only part of the structural details if only this part is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art .
  • FIG 1 is shown schematically in side view a reheating furnace F with moving beams 10 according to the prior art.
  • the two end parts of the oven, the charging side and the pushing side are represented, the central part being torn off.
  • the loading side is located on the right of the figure and the unloading side on the left. This is the case for all the figures which represent an oven in side view.
  • a translation frame 3 rests on upper translation rollers 33 of a lifting frame 2 which itself rests on ramps 1 having an inclined plane, via the lower rollers 22.
  • a drive means (not shown) according to a horizontal alternating movement, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the oven, is provided for the translation frame 3; another similar drive means (not shown) is provided for the lifting frame 2.
  • These drive means are for example hydraulic cylinders. The combination of back and forth movements, and the vertical up and down movement due to the ramps 1, makes it possible to obtain a rectangular movement cycle.
  • the movable spars 10 comprise movable keels 10Q and movable andirons 10C, the andirons being supported by the movable keels which are fixed below the translation frame 3.
  • Movable pins 10Q pass through fixed hearth 6.
  • Fixed beams 11 ( picture 2 ), comprising fixed keels 11Q mounted on the sole 6 and fixed andirons 11C, the fixed andirons being carried by the fixed keels, are interposed between the moving longerons 10.
  • the fixed hearth 6 has, on the laboratory side of the furnace, a part lined with refractory materials forming a fixed refractory hearth 6R.
  • Oblong openings OB ( figure 2 ), also called buttonholes, are provided in the sole 6 for the passage and the relative longitudinal movement of the moving pins 10Q. When it detaches from the products, a small quantity of the scale falls into the oblong openings OB existing in the sole 6 at the right of the passage of the moving pins 10Q and in the bottom of the water tanks 4.
  • a plurality of squeegees 5 ( figure 5 ) is fixed to the base of the skirts 7, over the length thereof, and is thus immersed in the water tanks 4.
  • the scrapers 5 allow the transport of the scale to recovery hoppers (not shown), placed at the end of the water trays 4, by the relative movement between the water trays 4 and the scrapers 5, obtained by the combination of the fixed position of the wipers 5 and the rectangular displacement of the water trays 4.
  • the scrapers 5 fixed on the fixed skirts which open into the water tanks 4 push the quantity of scale found in the bottom water trays 4 with a translation step from the exit of the oven towards the entrance of the oven, that is to say from the removal of the oven towards the loading, to the ends of the water trays 4.
  • the evacuation of the calamine collected under the installation is ensured via evacuation pipes.
  • the evacuation pipes open into, or are connected to, evacuation circuits provided with a valve 20 ( figure 1 ) with a membrane, acting as a flush 20, allowing at each opening the evacuation of a quantity of scale and water which falls, via a transverse chute 21, into a trolley on wheels 23 .
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of an FF furnace according to the invention.
  • the two end parts of the oven, the charging side and the pushing side are represented, the central part being torn off.
  • the FF furnace comprises the translation frame 3 which rests on the upper translation rollers 33 of the lifting frame 2 which itself rests on the ramps 1 having an inclined plane, via the rollers lower 22.
  • the drive means of the lifting and translation frames (not shown) are as in the prior art.
  • the movable spars 10 are again formed of movable keels 12Q and movable andirons 10C.
  • the 12Q moving pins according to the invention are shorter than the 10Q moving pins according to the prior art. They are supported by a new type LRM mobile refractory spar.
  • the movable refractory beam LRM is placed, and fixed, on the translation frame 3 over the entire length of the furnace. According to another possibility, the movable refractory beam LRM is placed on the translation frame over only one part, or several, of the length of the furnace.
  • the movable keels 12Q pass through, and are fixed on, the movable refractory spar LRM comprising refractory materials which rest on a metallic structure.
  • a set J ( figure 4 ) is provided at the level of each movable spar, so that the longitudinal movement of the movable spar is possible.
  • New type LRF fixed refractory stringers are offered.
  • the fixed refractory beams LRF comprise fixed keels 13Q and fixed andirons 11C, the fixed andirons 11C being carried by the fixed keels 13Q.
  • the fixed refractory beams LRF are inserted between the mobile refractory beams LRM.
  • the refractory materials of which the mobile refractory beams LRM and the refractory fixed beams LRF are made are refractory concretes with high operating temperature and high resistance to abrasion and shocks. They can be, for example, concretes with a low cement content, based on tabular alumina and spinel. For example, concrete may contain 92% Al2O3 and 5% MgO.
  • the refractory materials can be heavy concrete which has a particularly high density. After drying, this density is for example 3000 kg/m3 (even being able to go up to 6000 km/m3) against 2000 to 2300 km/ m3 for traditional concrete (for comparison the density of light concrete is between 300 and 2000 kg/ m3 ).
  • the fixed LRF and mobile LRM refractory beams comprise a metal lower part, on the side opposite the furnace laboratory, on which the refractory material rests.
  • This metal lower part is connected to the translation frame for the mobile refractory beams and to the fixed sole for the fixed refractory beams.
  • the fixed and movable keels pass through the refractory material and are fixed to the lower metal parts.
  • the transverse juxtaposition of the mobile refractory beams LRM and the fixed refractory beams LRF according to the invention forms a functional equivalent of the hearth of refractory 6R of the furnace according to the prior art represented on the right part of the figure 5 .
  • a space E is left between the mobile refractory beams LRM and the fixed refractory beams LRF, over the entire refractory height.
  • This space E has the function, in a first upper part of conical shape, of guiding the scale towards an evacuation passage situated in its lower part.
  • the upward and downward movements and front-to-rear translation of the mobile refractory beams relative to the fixed refractory beams allow the grinding of the scale and facilitate the passage of scale without blocking an amalgam, or even pieces, of refractory lining.
  • the distance between the beams in the lower part of the space E is sufficient for the passage of the scale after grinding. In its lower part, it is for example between 50 and 100 mm.
  • the fixed LRF and mobile LRM refractory beams according to the invention have, transversely, an inclined and rounded profile on the upper part on which the keels are positioned.
  • the inclined profile is determined with an angle greater than the slope angle, facilitating the grinding and evacuation of the scale in the passage E provided for this purpose between the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams LRM.
  • the angle of the inclined profile is for example greater than 45°.
  • the seal between the sole, formed by the fixed and mobile refractory beams, and the mechanics under the furnace consisting of the lifting frame and the translation frame, is obtained by water tanks 40 ( picture 3 and 5 ) longitudinal integral with the fixed refractory beams and the metal skirts 70 integral with the movable and plunging refractory beams in the water tanks 40.
  • the water tanks 40 are fixed on each side of the fixed refractory beams LRF.
  • the skirts 70 are fixed on each side of the mobile refractory beams LRM.
  • the profile of the skirts 70 makes it possible to avoid the direct radiation of the atmosphere of the laboratory of the oven on the surface of the water contained in the water tanks 40 in order to minimize the heat losses through the openings and the consumption of heat. 'water.
  • the water tanks 40 are no longer crossed by the moving pins 10Q.
  • the length of the mobile skittles is reduced compared to that according to the prior art, of the order of one meter and fifty centimeters.
  • the mobile refractory beams can have three vertical positions with respect to the fixed refractory beams, respectively low (on the left of the figure), intermediate (in the center of the figure), and high (on the right of the figure).
  • the mobile skirts 70 are equipped with a plurality of scrapers 50 fixed on the metal skirts 70.
  • the scrapers 50 plunge into the water tanks 40 and allow the routing of the scale towards recovery hoppers (not shown), placed at the end of the tanks, by the relative movement between the water tanks and the scrapers obtained by the combination of the rectangular displacement of the scrapers 50 and the fixed position of the water tanks 40.
  • the metal scrapers 50 push the quantity of scale found in the bottom of the water tanks 40 between two scrapers by one translation pitch towards the end of the water tanks 40.
  • the scrapers contribute to crushing the scale, which facilitates its evacuation in the water tank 40.
  • the scrapers thus have a profile adapted to promote the crushing and the evacuation of the scale, for example in the shape of a spade.
  • the end of the water pan 40 is equipped with a diaphragm valve 20 ( picture 3 ), acting as a flush 20, which evacuates the scale via the troughs 21 in the wagons on wheels 23, the evacuation taking place in the direction of the exit of the furnace towards the entrance of the furnace.
  • a diaphragm valve 20 picture 3
  • the skirts 70 are not equipped with scrapers.
  • the scale can be driven out of the water tanks 40 onto which it falls by a device external to the furnace, for example by lances of the fire hose type.
  • the water tanks 40 can be provided with nozzles (80) for spraying water ( picture 3 ), arranged at the level of the pushing, which push the scale towards the end of the water tank 40 located on the side of the pushing.
  • the water tanks 40 can be equipped with water injection 80, for example spray nozzles, which, under pressure, flushes the scale towards the flushes 20.
  • water injection 80 for example spray nozzles, which, under pressure, flushes the scale towards the flushes 20.
  • skirts 70 can also be fitted with scrapers to improve the crushing of the scale.
  • transverse tank equipped with ducts receiving the scale coming from the water tanks 40.
  • the tank On each side of the transverse tank, the tank is equipped with flushes which push the scale towards the center of the transverse tank, equipped with other conduits equipped with diaphragm valves.
  • Each of the transverse trays can advantageously be placed between two wheels 33.
  • This second variant is particularly advantageous in the context of a very long oven.
  • the water trays can also be fixed on the LRM mobile refractory beams. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the wave effect at the end of the water tank generated by the displacement of the side members.
  • the FFF oven is only described for its differences with the first embodiment, and could take up the characteristics of one or more of the variants of the first embodiment.
  • the oven has a longitudinal part P2 similar to that described according to the prior art, from the loading to a longitudinal position from which begins a part P1 similar to that as described in reference to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the refractory beams can also be offset transversely towards the exit of the oven, as is visible on the figure 8 .
  • the furnace comprising refractory beams LRF, LRM over only part of its length
  • at least one water tank 40 has a rectangular or U-shaped shape, at least one transverse section 41 of the water tank ensuring connection between two longitudinal sections 42 of the water tank arranged on either side of a fixed refractory spar.
  • the figure 11 illustrates an embodiment of a water tank 40 according to the invention, in the case shown in figure 3 and 4 where the water pan runs the full length of the oven, with a top view of the water pan on the left side of the figure and a cross-sectional view of it on the right side of the figure.
  • the rectangular water tank comprises two longitudinal parts 42 arranged on either side of a fixed refractory spar, not shown, and two transverse connections 41 between these longitudinal parts arranged on either side of the refractory spar, at each end of the longitudinal parts.
  • skirts 70 plunge into the water tank along the longitudinal parts 42 and the transverse connections 41, thus ensuring continuity of the seal. hydraulic.
  • the water tray is equipped with two flushes 20, located on the transverse connection 41 located on the oven loading side, one for each longitudinal part of the water tray, and spray nozzles of water 80 represented by arrows.
  • the figure 12 illustrates another embodiment of a water tank 40 according to the invention, in the case shown in figure 7 and 8 where the refractory beams according to the invention are only on a part of the furnace, in this case at the unloading, with a top view of the water tank on the left part of the figure and a cross-sectional view of the latter on the right side of the figure.
  • the rectangular water tank also comprises two longitudinal parts 42 arranged on either side of a fixed refractory spar, not shown, and two transverse connections 41 between these longitudinal parts arranged on either side of the refractory spar , at each end of the longitudinal parts.
  • the water tray is provided with a flush 20 disposed on each longitudinal portion of the water tray, and water spray nozzles 80 represented by arrows.
  • the figure 10 illustrates a variant of the embodiment shown in figure 8 in which the transverse offset of the beams to limit the black traces caused by the shadow of the andirons on the products is carried out on the part P1 of the oven, in this example at approximately mid-length thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

L'invention concerne les fours de réchauffage à longerons mobiles destinés à réchauffer des produits sidérurgiques, par exemple en acier au carbone ou en acier inoxydable, notamment des brames, des blooms, des ébauches ou des billettes, à une température adéquate pour leur laminage à chaud.The invention relates to reheating furnaces with moving beams intended to heat steel products, for example carbon steel or stainless steel, in particular slabs, blooms, blanks or billets, to a suitable temperature for their rolling at hot.

État de la technique antérieureState of the prior art

Le four permet de porter les produits à des températures élevées, d'environ 1 150 °C pour un acier au carbone. Le chauffage du four est communément réalisé par des brûleurs fonctionnant en léger excès d'air, ce qui se traduit par la présence d'oxygène dans le four. Une oxydation importante des produits dans le four résulte de la combinaison d'une température élevée et de la présence d'oxygène.The furnace allows products to be heated to high temperatures, around 1,150°C for carbon steel. The heating of the furnace is commonly carried out by burners operating in slight excess of air, which results in the presence of oxygen in the furnace. Significant oxidation of products in the furnace results from the combination of high temperature and the presence of oxygen.

Les fours de réchauffage sidérurgiques fonctionnent en continu et ont des capacités de production importantes, allant par exemple de 120 t/h à 650 t/h. La perte de poids des produits résultant de l'oxydation est communément de l'ordre de 0,6 %. Lorsqu'elle se détache des produits, de la calamine tombe sur la sole du four sur laquelle elle s'accumule.Iron and steel reheating furnaces operate continuously and have large production capacities, ranging for example from 120 t/h to 650 t/h. The weight loss of the products resulting from the oxidation is commonly of the order of 0.6%. When it detaches from the products, scale falls on the floor of the oven on which it accumulates.

Par le terme calamine, la présente description désigne non seulement la calamine proprement dite résultant de l'oxydation des produits, mais plus généralement tout résidu polluant solide.By the term scale, the present description denotes not only the actual scale resulting from the oxidation of the products, but more generally any solid polluting residue.

L'évacuation de la calamine peut être réalisée lors d'arrêts périodiques du four. Cette solution n'est pas satisfaisante, car elle conduit à une perte de production importante en raison du temps nécessaire au refroidissement du four, l'évacuation manuelle de la calamine, puis la remontée en température du four. Le four peut être équipé de portes de décrassage à partir desquelles un opérateur va ringarder, c'est-à-dire gratter et évacuer mécaniquement, la calamine à l'aide d'un outil, du type râteau. Cette solution n'est pas non plus satisfaisante, car l'accès à la calamine située au centre du four n'est pas aisé. Par ailleurs, l'ouverture de ces portes de décrassage entraîne des entrées d'air dans le four ce qui a pour effet d'accroître l'oxydation des produits présents à l'intérieur Des exemples de ce type d'appareil sont décrits dans le document GB813362 .The evacuation of scale can be carried out during periodic stoppages of the furnace. This solution is not satisfactory, because it leads to a significant loss of production due to the time required for cooling the furnace, manually removing the scale, then raising the temperature of the furnace. The furnace can be equipped with descaling doors from which an operator will ringarder, that is to say scrape and mechanically evacuate, the scale using a tool, of the rake type. This solution is not satisfactory either, because access to the scale located in the center of the furnace is not easy. Furthermore, the opening of these descaling doors causes air to enter the oven, which has the effect of increasing the oxidation of the products present inside. Examples of this type of device are described in the document GB813362 .

On connaît le four à longerons mobiles équipé de longerons fixes, et de longerons mobiles. Les longerons comportent des chenets et quilles refroidis. Les longerons mobiles permettent le transport des produits dans le four en suivant un cycle rectangulaire comportant une première phase de montée qui permet de soulever les produits des longerons fixes. Elle est suivie d'une seconde phase de transport horizontal puis d'une troisième phase de dépose des produits sur les longerons fixes. Les produits sont ainsi déplacés d'un pas sur les longerons fixes avant la quatrième phase de retour en arrière des longerons mobiles dans leur position initiale. La durée totale d'un cycle rectangulaire est d'environ 55 secondes.We know the movable beam furnace equipped with fixed beams, and movable beams. The spars have cooled andirons and keels. The movable beams allow the transport of the products in the oven following a rectangular cycle comprising a first phase of ascent which makes it possible to lift the products from the fixed beams. It is followed by a second phase of horizontal transport followed by a third phase of depositing the products on the fixed beams. The products are thus moved by one step on the fixed beams before the fourth phase of moving the moving beams back to their initial position. The total duration of a rectangular cycle is approximately 55 seconds.

Pour limiter les traces noires provoquées par l'ombre des chenets sur les produits, les longerons peuvent être décalés transversalement vers la sortie du four, aussi appelée zone de défournement.To limit the black marks caused by the shadow of the andirons on the products, the beams can be offset transversely towards the exit of the oven, also called the removal zone.

A l'endroit du décalage des chenets, à l'entrée du four dans la zone de dépose des produits et vers la sortie du four où la température des produits est plus importante, il se forme davantage de calamine, qui doit être évacuée périodiquement.At the location of the offset of the andirons, at the entrance to the furnace in the zone for depositing the products and towards the exit of the furnace where the temperature of the products is higher, more scale is formed, which must be evacuated periodically.

La demanderesse a perfectionné le fonctionnement d'un four tel que présenté et a déposé la demande de brevet EP2516950 pour un four de réchauffage à longerons mobiles qui assure, de manière simple et efficace, l'évacuation automatique d'une partie de la calamine, ou autre résidu polluant, en évitant les inconvénients mentionnés précédemment. A cet effet, il a été proposé que dans les zones du four où est principalement produite la calamine, ou autre résidu polluant, en particulier vers l'entrée et la sortie du four, la sole soit plus épaisse que dans le reste du four, que des surfaces inclinées soient implantées dans cette zone plus épaisse de la sole, avec une pente de parois suffisante pour éviter le talutage, de sorte de collecter la calamine et les résidus et de les conduire vers des conduits d'évacuation qui débouchent dans des bacs à eau, et que les bacs à eau soient fixés sur le châssis de translation permettant l'évacuation en continu d'une partie de la calamine provenant des conduits d'évacuation, en conservant l'étanchéité du four. L'augmentation de l'épaisseur de la sole permet en effet une implantation de trémies formée par les surfaces inclinées présentant une pente importante tout en présentant une large ouverture au ras de la sole afin de couvrir le maximum de surface possible. Cette caractéristique concourt à l'évacuation de la calamine ou autre résidu.The applicant has improved the operation of a furnace as presented and filed the patent application EP2516950 for a reheating furnace with moving beams which ensures, in a simple and effective manner, the automatic evacuation of part of the scale, or other polluting residue, while avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above. To this end, it has been proposed that in the areas of the furnace where scale or other polluting residue is mainly produced, in particular towards the entrance and exit of the furnace, the floor should be thicker than in the rest of the furnace, that inclined surfaces be installed in this thicker zone of the sole, with a slope of the walls sufficient to avoid sloping, so as to collect the scale and the residues and lead them towards the evacuation ducts which open into bins water tank, and that the water tanks are fixed to the translation frame allowing the continuous evacuation of part of the scale coming from the evacuation ducts, while maintaining the leaktightness of the furnace. The increase in the thickness of the sole indeed allows the implantation of hoppers formed by the inclined surfaces having a significant slope while having a wide opening flush with the sole in order to cover the maximum possible surface. This characteristic contributes to the evacuation of scale or other residue.

La demanderesse a continué de travailler sur les possibilités d'améliorations de tels fours à longerons mobiles.The Applicant has continued to work on the possibilities of improving such moving beam furnaces.

En effet, la solution selon l'art antérieur n'est pas tout à fait satisfaisante, car la calamine tombe majoritairement sur la sole entre les passages pour quille mobile, en dehors des trémies décrites précédemment, et cette calamine n'est pas évacuée. Aussi, l'évacuation de cette partie majoritaire de calamine peut être réalisée uniquement lors d'arrêts périodiques du four, selon une période comprise entre six et douze mois.Indeed, the solution according to the prior art is not entirely satisfactory, because the scale falls mainly on the sole between the passages for the mobile keel, outside the hoppers described above, and this scale is not evacuated. Also, the evacuation of this majority part of scale can be carried out only during periodic stops of the furnace, according to a period comprised between six and twelve months.

Exposé de l'inventionDisclosure of Invention

Un but de l'invention est notamment de remédier à tout ou partie des inconvénients précités.An object of the invention is in particular to remedy all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.

Selon un premier aspect de l'invention, il est proposé un four à longerons réfractaires comprenant des longerons mobiles comportant des chenets mobiles supportés par des quilles mobiles, et des longerons fixes comprenant des chenets fixes supportés par des quilles fixes, et des moyens d'entraînements agencés pour déplacer un châssis de levage et un châssis de translation selon un cycle de déplacement rectangulaire présentant deux positions verticales, respectivement supérieure et inférieure, et une position verticale intermédiaire selon laquelle les chenets mobiles sont à la même hauteur que les chenets fixes, les chenets mobiles faisant saillie au-dessus des chenets fixes dans la position supérieure, les chenets mobiles se trouvant à un niveau inférieur aux chenets fixes dans la position inférieure.According to a first aspect of the invention, there is proposed a furnace with refractory beams comprising movable beams comprising movable andirons supported by movable keels, and fixed beams comprising fixed andirons supported by fixed keels, and means of drives arranged to move a lifting frame and a translation frame according to a rectangular displacement cycle having two vertical positions, respectively upper and lower, and an intermediate vertical position in which the mobile andirons are at the same height as the fixed andirons, the moveable andirons projecting above the fixed andirons in the upper position, the moveable andirons being lower than the fixed andirons in the lower position.

Selon l'invention, le four comporte en outre :

  • une pluralité de longerons réfractaires fixes s'étendant longitudinalement,
  • une pluralité de longerons réfractaires mobiles s'étendant longitudinalement.
According to the invention, the oven further comprises:
  • a plurality of fixed refractory beams extending longitudinally,
  • a plurality of longitudinally extending movable refractory beams.

Les longerons réfractaires mobiles sont disposés transversalement entre les longerons réfractaires fixes et séparés de chaque côté des longerons réfractaires fixes par un espace, les quilles mobiles sont fixées sur les longerons réfractaires mobiles, et les longerons réfractaires mobiles sont fixés sur le châssis de translation et disposés sensiblement à la même hauteur que les longerons réfractaires fixes dans la position intermédiaire.The mobile refractory spars are arranged transversely between the fixed refractory spars and separated on each side of the fixed refractory spars by a space, the mobile keels are fixed on the mobile refractory spars, and the mobile refractory spars are fixed on the translation frame and arranged substantially at the same height as the fixed refractory beams in the intermediate position.

Le four comporte en outre une pluralité de bacs à eau longitudinaux disposés au droit des espaces de séparation et fixés sur les longerons réfractaires fixes délimitant un espace de séparation, et une pluralité de jupes fixées sur les longerons réfractaires mobiles délimitant ledit espace de séparation et plongeant dans les bacs à eau.The furnace further comprises a plurality of longitudinal water tanks arranged in line with the separation spaces and fixed to the fixed refractory beams delimiting a separation space, and a plurality of skirts fixed to the mobile refractory beams delimiting said separation space and plunging in the water tanks.

Les longerons réfractaires fixes et les longerons réfractaires mobiles peuvent s'étendre sur tout ou partie de la longueur du four.The fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams can extend over all or part of the length of the furnace.

Avantageusement, les longerons réfractaires fixes et les longerons réfractaires mobiles présentent un profil incliné et arrondi sur la partie supérieure, le profil incliné pouvant présenter une pente formant avec l'horizontale un angle supérieur à l'angle de talutage de la calamine.Advantageously, the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams have an inclined and rounded profile on the upper part, the inclined profile possibly having a slope forming with the horizontal an angle greater than the slope angle of the scale.

Selon une possibilité, les longerons réfractaires fixes et les longerons réfractaires mobiles sont réalisés en béton à basse teneur en ciment, à base d'alumine tabulaire et de spinelle.According to one possibility, the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams are made of concrete with a low cement content, based on tabular alumina and spinel.

Le four peut en outre comporter des raclettes fixées sur la pluralité de jupes. Le profil des raclettes peut être adapté pour favoriser le concassage et l'évacuation de la calamine. Les raclettes peuvent présenter, par exemple, un profil en forme de bêche.The oven may further include scrapers attached to the plurality of skirts. The profile of the scrapers can be adapted to favor the crushing and the evacuation of the scale. The squeegees can have, for example, a spade-shaped profile.

Le bac à eau peut être doté de chasses d'eau agencées pour chasser l'eau, et la calamine, du défournement vers l'enfournement.The water tank can be provided with flushes arranged to flush out water, and scale, from the discharging to the discharging.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le four peut comprendre des longerons réfractaires sur une partie seulement de la longueur du four.According to one embodiment, the furnace may include refractory stringers over only part of the length of the furnace.

Au moins un bac à eau peut présenter une forme rectangulaire, au moins un tronçon transversal du bac à eau assurant une liaison entre deux tronçons longitudinaux du bac à eau disposés de part et d'autre d'un longeron réfractaire.At least one water tank may have a rectangular shape, at least one transverse section of the water tank providing a connection between two longitudinal sections of the water tank arranged on either side of a refractory spar.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le four comporte des bacs à eau équipés de deux chasses d'eau à leur extrémité située du côté enfournement, permettant l'évacuation de la calamine, et d'une partie de l'eau, dans un bac transversal en direction d'une évacuation centrale.According to one embodiment, the furnace comprises water tanks equipped with two water flushes at their end located on the charging side, allowing the evacuation of the scale, and of part of the water, in a transverse tank. towards a central drain.

Selon un deuxième aspect de l'invention, il est proposé un procédé de broyage et d'évacuation en continu de la calamine dans un four à longerons réfractaires comprenant des longerons mobiles comportant des chenets mobiles supportés par des quilles mobiles, et des longerons fixes comprenant des chenets fixes supportés par des quilles fixes, et des moyens d'entraînements agencés pour déplacer un châssis de levage et un châssis de translation selon un cycle de déplacement rectangulaire présentant deux positions verticales, respectivement supérieure et inférieure, et une position verticale intermédiaire selon laquelle les chenets mobiles sont à la même hauteur que les chenets fixes, les chenets mobiles faisant saillie au-dessus des chenets fixes dans la position supérieure, les chenets mobiles se trouvant à un niveau inférieur aux chenets fixes dans la position inférieure.According to a second aspect of the invention, there is proposed a process for the continuous grinding and evacuation of the scale in a furnace with refractory beams comprising movable beams comprising movable andirons supported by movable keels, and fixed beams comprising fixed andirons supported by fixed keels, and drive means arranged to move a lifting frame and a translation frame according to a rectangular displacement cycle having two vertical positions, respectively upper and lower, and an intermediate vertical position in which the movable andirons are at the same height as the fixed andirons, the movable andirons projecting above the fixed andirons in the upper position, the movable andirons being at a lower level than the fixed andirons in the lower position.

Le four mis en œuvre dans le procédé de broyage et d'évacuation en continu de la calamine comporte une pluralité de longerons réfractaires fixes s'étendant longitudinalement, une pluralité de longerons réfractaires mobiles s'étendant longitudinalement, les longerons réfractaires mobiles étant disposés transversalement entre les longerons réfractaires fixes et séparés de chaque côté des longerons réfractaires fixes par un espace de séparation, les quilles mobiles étant fixées sur les longerons réfractaires mobiles, et les longerons réfractaires mobiles étant fixés sur le châssis de translation et disposés sensiblement à la même hauteur que les longerons réfractaires fixes dans la position intermédiaire, le four comportant en outre une pluralité de bacs à eau disposés au droit des espaces de séparation et fixés sur l'un des longerons réfractaires, et une pluralité de jupes, fixées sur l'autre longeron réfractaire délimitant ledit espace de séparation, plongeant dans les bacs à eau, la calamine étant broyée par les longerons lors de son passage dans les espaces de séparation et étant évacuée en continu par la pluralité de bacs à eau.The furnace implemented in the process for the continuous grinding and evacuation of the scale comprises a plurality of fixed refractory beams extending longitudinally, a plurality of movable refractory beams extending longitudinally, the movable refractory beams being arranged transversely between the fixed refractory spars and separated on each side of the fixed refractory spars by a separation space, the mobile keels being fixed on the mobile refractory spars, and the mobile refractory spars being fixed on the translation frame and arranged substantially at the same height as the fixed refractory beams in the intermediate position, the furnace further comprising a plurality of water tanks arranged in line with the separation spaces and fixed to one of the refractory beams, and a plurality of skirts, fixed to the other refractory beam delimiting said separation space, plunging into the water troughs, the ca laminate being crushed by the beams during its passage through the separation spaces and being continuously evacuated by the plurality of water tanks.

Description des figuresDescription of figures

D'autres avantages et particularités de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée de mises en œuvre et de modes de réalisation nullement limitatifs, au regard de dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • [Fig.1] est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un four de réchauffage à longerons mobiles selon l'art antérieur, avec partie arrachée en partie centrale,
  • [Fig.2] est une vue schématique de dessus de l'intérieur du four représenté sur la figure 1,
  • [Fig.3] est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un four de réchauffage selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, avec partie arrachée en partie centrale,
  • [Fig.4] est une vue de dessus de l'intérieur du four représenté sur la figure 3,
  • [Fig.5] présente sur sa partie gauche une demi-coupe selon la coupe B-B des figures 3 et 4, et présente sur sa partie droite une demi-coupe selon la coupe A-A des figures 1 et 2,
  • [Fig.6] présente trois positions verticales d'un longeron réfractaire mobile par rapport à des longerons réfractaires fixes selon l'invention du four représenté sur la figure 3,
  • [Fig.7] est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un four de réchauffage selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, avec partie arrachée en partie centrale,
  • [Fig.8] est une vue de dessus de l'intérieur du four représenté sur la figure 7,
  • [Fig.9] est une vue de détail à plus grande échelle du four représenté sur la figure 7, avec partie latérale droite arrachée,
  • [Fig.10] est une vue de dessus de l'intérieur d'un four selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • [Fig.11] est une vue de détail d'un bac à eau représenté en vue de dessus sur la partie gauche du dessin et en coupe transversale sur la partie droite du dessin, selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • [Fig.12] est une vue de détail d'un bac à eau représenté en vue de dessus sur la partie gauche du dessin et en coupe transversale sur la partie droite du dessin, selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other advantages and particularities of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of in no way limiting implementations and embodiments, with regard to the appended drawings in which:
  • [ Fig.1 ] is a diagrammatic view in longitudinal section of a reheating furnace with moving beams according to the prior art, with part cut away in the central part,
  • [ Fig.2 ] is a schematic top view of the interior of the oven shown in the figure 1 ,
  • [ Fig.3 ] is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a reheating furnace according to a first embodiment of the invention, with part cut away in the central part,
  • [ Fig.4 ] is a top view of the interior of the oven shown in the picture 3 ,
  • [ Fig.5 ] presents on its left part a half-cut according to the BB cut of the figure 3 and 4 , and presents on its right part a half-cut according to the AA cut of the figure 1 and 2 ,
  • [ Fig.6 ] has three vertical positions of a movable refractory beam relative to fixed refractory beams according to the invention of the furnace represented on the picture 3 ,
  • [ Fig.7 ] is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a reheating furnace according to a second embodiment of the invention, with part cut away in the central part,
  • [ Fig.8 ] is a top view of the interior of the oven shown in the figure 7 ,
  • [ Fig.9 ] is a larger scale detail view of the oven shown in the figure 7 , with right side part torn off,
  • [ Fig.10 ] is a top view of the interior of an oven according to a third embodiment of the invention,
  • [ Fig.11 ] is a detail view of a water tank shown in top view on the left part of the drawing and in cross section on the right part of the drawing, according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • [ Fig.12 ] is a detail view of a water tank shown in top view on the left part of the drawing and in cross section on the right part of the drawing, according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Description de modes de réalisationDescription of embodiments

Les modes de réalisation décrits ci-après n'étant nullement limitatifs, on pourra notamment considérer des variantes de l'invention ne comprenant qu'une sélection de caractéristiques décrites, par la suite isolées des autres caractéristiques décrites, si cette sélection de caractéristiques est suffisante pour conférer un avantage technique ou pour différencier l'invention par rapport à l'état de la technique antérieure. Cette sélection comprend au moins une caractéristique, de préférence fonctionnelle sans détails structurels, ou avec seulement une partie des détails structurels si cette partie uniquement est suffisante pour conférer un avantage technique ou pour différencier l'invention par rapport à l'état de la technique antérieure.The embodiments described below being in no way limiting, variants of the invention may in particular be considered comprising only a selection of characteristics described, subsequently isolated from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient. to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art. This selection includes at least one feature, preferably functional without structural details, or with only part of the structural details if only this part is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art .

Sur les figures un élément apparaissant sur plusieurs figures conserve la même référence.In the figures an element appearing in several figures retains the same reference.

Description de l'art antérieurDescription of the prior art

Sur la figure 1 est représenté schématiquement en vue latérale un four F de réchauffage à longerons mobiles 10 selon l'art antérieur. Les deux parties extrémales du four, du côté enfournement et du côté défournement sont représentées, la partie centrale étant arrachée. Comme le montre la flèche présente sur la figure 1 qui illustre le sens de défilement des produits, le côté enfournement est situé à droite de la figure et le côté défournement à gauche. Il en est ainsi pour toutes les figures qui représentent un four en vue latérale.On the figure 1 is shown schematically in side view a reheating furnace F with moving beams 10 according to the prior art. The two end parts of the oven, the charging side and the pushing side are represented, the central part being torn off. As shown by the arrow on the figure 1 which illustrates the direction of movement of the products, the loading side is located on the right of the figure and the unloading side on the left. This is the case for all the figures which represent an oven in side view.

Un châssis de translation 3 repose sur des galets supérieurs 33 de translation d'un châssis de levage 2 qui lui-même repose sur des rampes 1 présentant un plan incliné, par l'intermédiaire des galets inférieurs 22.A translation frame 3 rests on upper translation rollers 33 of a lifting frame 2 which itself rests on ramps 1 having an inclined plane, via the lower rollers 22.

Un moyen d'entraînement (non représenté) selon un mouvement alternatif horizontal, parallèle à la direction longitudinale du four, est prévu pour le châssis de translation 3 ; un autre moyen d'entraînement (non représenté) similaire est prévu pour le châssis de levage 2. Ces moyens d'entraînement sont par exemple des vérins hydrauliques. La combinaison des mouvements de va-et-vient, et le mouvement vertical de montée et de descente dû aux rampes 1, permet d'obtenir un cycle rectangulaire de déplacement.A drive means (not shown) according to a horizontal alternating movement, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the oven, is provided for the translation frame 3; another similar drive means (not shown) is provided for the lifting frame 2. These drive means are for example hydraulic cylinders. The combination of back and forth movements, and the vertical up and down movement due to the ramps 1, makes it possible to obtain a rectangular movement cycle.

Les longerons mobiles 10 comportent des quilles mobiles 10Q et des chenets mobiles 10C, les chenets étant supportés par les quilles mobiles qui sont fixées en dessous du châssis de translation 3.The movable spars 10 comprise movable keels 10Q and movable andirons 10C, the andirons being supported by the movable keels which are fixed below the translation frame 3.

Les quilles mobiles 10Q traversent la sole fixe 6.Movable pins 10Q pass through fixed hearth 6.

Des longerons fixes 11 (figure 2), comportant des quilles fixes 11Q montées sur la sole 6 et des chenets fixes 11C, les chenets fixes étant portés par les quilles fixes, sont intercalés entre les longerons mobiles 10.Fixed beams 11 ( picture 2 ), comprising fixed keels 11Q mounted on the sole 6 and fixed andirons 11C, the fixed andirons being carried by the fixed keels, are interposed between the moving longerons 10.

La sole fixe 6 présente, du côté du laboratoire du four, une partie garnie de matériaux réfractaires formant une sole fixe réfractaire 6R.The fixed hearth 6 has, on the laboratory side of the furnace, a part lined with refractory materials forming a fixed refractory hearth 6R.

A la traversée de la sole par les quilles mobiles 10Q, l'étanchéité entre la sole 6 et la mécanique sous four est obtenue par des bacs à eau 4 (figure 1) longitudinaux solidaires du châssis de translation 3, traversés par les quilles mobiles 10Q, et des jupes 7 solidaires de la sole 6 et plongeant dans l'eau des bacs à eau 4.At the crossing of the sole by the movable keels 10Q, the seal between the sole 6 and the mechanics under the oven is obtained by water tanks 4 ( figure 1 ) longitudinal integral with the translation frame 3, traversed by the movable keels 10Q, and skirts 7 integral with the sole 6 and plunging into the water of the water tanks 4.

Des ouvertures oblongues OB (figure 2), aussi appelées boutonnières, sont prévues dans la sole 6 pour le passage et le mouvement relatif longitudinal des quilles mobiles 10Q. Lorsqu'elle se détache des produits, une faible quantité de la calamine tombe dans les ouvertures oblongues OB existantes dans la sole 6 au droit du passage des quilles mobiles 10Q et dans le fond des bacs à eau 4.Oblong openings OB ( figure 2 ), also called buttonholes, are provided in the sole 6 for the passage and the relative longitudinal movement of the moving pins 10Q. When it detaches from the products, a small quantity of the scale falls into the oblong openings OB existing in the sole 6 at the right of the passage of the moving pins 10Q and in the bottom of the water tanks 4.

Une pluralité de raclettes 5 (figure 5) est fixée à la base des jupes 7, sur la longueur de celles-ci, et est ainsi immergée dans les bacs à eau 4. Les raclettes 5 permettent l'acheminement de la calamine vers des trémies de récupération (non représentées), placées au bout des bacs à eau 4, par le mouvement relatif entre les bacs à eau 4 et les raclettes 5, obtenu par l'association de la position fixe des raclettes 5 et du déplacement rectangulaire des bacs à eau 4.A plurality of squeegees 5 ( figure 5 ) is fixed to the base of the skirts 7, over the length thereof, and is thus immersed in the water tanks 4. The scrapers 5 allow the transport of the scale to recovery hoppers (not shown), placed at the end of the water trays 4, by the relative movement between the water trays 4 and the scrapers 5, obtained by the combination of the fixed position of the wipers 5 and the rectangular displacement of the water trays 4.

Plus précisément, en position haute, à chaque avancée des bacs à eau 4 fixés sur le châssis de translation 3 mobile, les raclettes 5 fixées sur les jupes fixes qui débouchent dans les bacs à eau 4 poussent la quantité de calamine se trouvant dans le fond des bacs à eau 4 d'un pas de translation de la sortie du four vers l'entrée du four, c'est-à-dire du défournement vers l'enfournement, jusqu'aux extrémités des bacs à eau 4.More precisely, in the high position, at each advance of the water tanks 4 fixed on the mobile translation frame 3, the scrapers 5 fixed on the fixed skirts which open into the water tanks 4 push the quantity of scale found in the bottom water trays 4 with a translation step from the exit of the oven towards the entrance of the oven, that is to say from the removal of the oven towards the loading, to the ends of the water trays 4.

L'évacuation de la calamine récupérée sous l'installation est assurée via des tuyaux d'évacuation. Les tuyaux d'évacuation débouchent dans, ou sont reliés à, des circuits d'évacuation pourvus de vanne 20 (figure 1) à membrane, faisant office de chasse d'eau 20, permettant à chaque ouverture l'évacuation d'une quantité de calamine et d'eau qui tombe, par l'intermédiaire d'une goulotte transversale 21, dans un wagonnet sur roues 23.The evacuation of the calamine collected under the installation is ensured via evacuation pipes. The evacuation pipes open into, or are connected to, evacuation circuits provided with a valve 20 ( figure 1 ) with a membrane, acting as a flush 20, allowing at each opening the evacuation of a quantity of scale and water which falls, via a transverse chute 21, into a trolley on wheels 23 .

Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention

Sur la figure 3 est représenté schématiquement un premier mode de réalisation d'un four FF selon l'invention. Les deux parties extrémales du four, du côté enfournement et du côté défournement sont représentées, la partie centrale étant arrachée.On the picture 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of an FF furnace according to the invention. The two end parts of the oven, the charging side and the pushing side are represented, the central part being torn off.

Comme selon l'art antérieur, le four FF comporte le châssis de translation 3 qui repose sur les galets supérieurs 33 de translation du châssis de levage 2 qui lui-même repose sur les rampes 1 présentant un plan incliné, par l'intermédiaire des galets inférieurs 22.As according to the prior art, the FF furnace comprises the translation frame 3 which rests on the upper translation rollers 33 of the lifting frame 2 which itself rests on the ramps 1 having an inclined plane, via the rollers lower 22.

Les moyens d'entraînements des châssis de levage et de translation (non représentés) sont comme selon l'art antérieur.The drive means of the lifting and translation frames (not shown) are as in the prior art.

Les longerons mobiles 10 sont encore formés de quilles mobiles 12Q et de chenets mobiles 10C. Les quilles mobiles 12Q selon l'invention sont plus courtes que les quilles mobiles 10Q selon l'art antérieur. Elles sont supportées par un longeron réfractaire mobile LRM d'un nouveau type.The movable spars 10 are again formed of movable keels 12Q and movable andirons 10C. The 12Q moving pins according to the invention are shorter than the 10Q moving pins according to the prior art. They are supported by a new type LRM mobile refractory spar.

Le longeron réfractaire mobile LRM est posé, et fixé, sur le châssis de translation 3 sur toute la longueur du four. Selon une autre possibilité, le longeron réfractaire mobile LRM est posé sur le châssis de translation sur une partie seulement, ou plusieurs, de la longueur du four.The movable refractory beam LRM is placed, and fixed, on the translation frame 3 over the entire length of the furnace. According to another possibility, the movable refractory beam LRM is placed on the translation frame over only one part, or several, of the length of the furnace.

Les quilles mobiles 12Q traversent, et sont fixées sur, le longeron réfractaire mobile LRM comportant des matériaux réfractaires qui reposent sur une structure métallique.The movable keels 12Q pass through, and are fixed on, the movable refractory spar LRM comprising refractory materials which rest on a metallic structure.

A chaque extrémité du four, un jeu J (figure 4) est prévu au niveau de chaque longeron mobile, de sorte que le débattement longitudinal du longeron mobile soit possible.At each end of the furnace, a set J ( figure 4 ) is provided at the level of each movable spar, so that the longitudinal movement of the movable spar is possible.

Des longerons réfractaires fixes LRF d'un nouveau type sont proposés.New type LRF fixed refractory stringers are offered.

Les longerons réfractaires fixes LRF comportent des quilles fixes 13Q et des chenets fixes 11C, les chenets fixes 11C étant portés par les quilles fixes 13Q. Les longerons réfractaires fixes LRF sont intercalés entre les longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM.The fixed refractory beams LRF comprise fixed keels 13Q and fixed andirons 11C, the fixed andirons 11C being carried by the fixed keels 13Q. The fixed refractory beams LRF are inserted between the mobile refractory beams LRM.

Les matériaux réfractaires dont sont constitués les longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM et les longerons réfractaires fixes LRF sont des bétons réfractaires à haute température d'utilisation et à haute résistante à l'abrasion et aux chocs. Ils peuvent être par exemple des bétons à basse teneur en ciment, à base d'alumine tabulaire et de spinelle. Par exemple, le béton peut contenir 92 % d'Al2O3 et 5 % de MgO.The refractory materials of which the mobile refractory beams LRM and the refractory fixed beams LRF are made are refractory concretes with high operating temperature and high resistance to abrasion and shocks. They can be, for example, concretes with a low cement content, based on tabular alumina and spinel. For example, concrete may contain 92% Al2O3 and 5% MgO.

Les matériaux réfractaires peuvent être en béton lourd qui possède une densité particulièrement élevée. Après séchage, cette densité est par exemple de 3000 kg/m3 (pouvant même aller jusqu'à 6 000 km/m3) contre 2000 à 2 300 km/m3 pour le béton traditionnel (pour comparaison la densité du béton léger est comprise entre 300 et 2 000 kg/m3).The refractory materials can be heavy concrete which has a particularly high density. After drying, this density is for example 3000 kg/m3 (even being able to go up to 6000 km/m3) against 2000 to 2300 km/ m3 for traditional concrete (for comparison the density of light concrete is between 300 and 2000 kg/ m3 ).

Plus précisément, les longerons réfractaires fixes LRF et mobiles LRM comprennent une partie inférieure métallique, côté opposé au laboratoire du four, sur laquelle repose le matériau réfractaire. Cette partie inférieure métallique est reliée au châssis de translation pour les longerons réfractaires mobiles et à la sole fixe pour les longerons réfractaires fixes. Les quilles fixes et mobiles traversent le matériau réfractaire et sont fixées sur les parties inférieures métalliques.More specifically, the fixed LRF and mobile LRM refractory beams comprise a metal lower part, on the side opposite the furnace laboratory, on which the refractory material rests. This metal lower part is connected to the translation frame for the mobile refractory beams and to the fixed sole for the fixed refractory beams. The fixed and movable keels pass through the refractory material and are fixed to the lower metal parts.

Comme l'illustre la figure 5 dans sa partie gauche, la juxtaposition transversale des longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM et des longerons réfractaires fixes LRF selon l'invention forme un équivalent fonctionnel de la sole de réfractaire 6R du four selon l'art antérieur représenté sur la partie droite de la figure 5.As illustrated by figure 5 in its left part, the transverse juxtaposition of the mobile refractory beams LRM and the fixed refractory beams LRF according to the invention forms a functional equivalent of the hearth of refractory 6R of the furnace according to the prior art represented on the right part of the figure 5 .

Un espace E est laissé entre les longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM et les longerons réfractaires fixes LRF, sur toute la hauteur de réfractaire. Cet espace E a pour fonction, dans une première partie supérieure de forme conique, de guider la calamine vers un passage d'évacuation situé dans sa partie inférieure. Nous avons ainsi un espace d'évacuation de la calamine de chaque côté des longerons réfractaires fixes LRF et des longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM, tout le long du four, ou sur la longueur équipée de longerons réfractaires LRM et LRF selon l'invention.A space E is left between the mobile refractory beams LRM and the fixed refractory beams LRF, over the entire refractory height. This space E has the function, in a first upper part of conical shape, of guiding the scale towards an evacuation passage situated in its lower part. We thus have a scale evacuation space on each side of the fixed refractory beams LRF and the mobile refractory beams LRM, all along the furnace, or over the length equipped with refractory beams LRM and LRF according to the invention.

Les mouvements de monte et baisse et de translation avant arrière des longerons réfractaires mobiles par rapport aux longerons réfractaires fixes permettent le broyage de la calamine et facilitent le passage de la calamine sans blocage d'un amalgame, voire de morceaux, de garnissage réfractaire.The upward and downward movements and front-to-rear translation of the mobile refractory beams relative to the fixed refractory beams allow the grinding of the scale and facilitate the passage of scale without blocking an amalgam, or even pieces, of refractory lining.

La distance entre les longerons en partie inférieure de l'espace E est suffisante pour le passage de la calamine après broyage. Dans sa partie inférieure, il est par exemple compris entre 50 et 100 mm.The distance between the beams in the lower part of the space E is sufficient for the passage of the scale after grinding. In its lower part, it is for example between 50 and 100 mm.

On comprend que la calamine qui restait avant sur la sole fixe réfractaire 6R peut maintenant tomber à travers les passages d'évacuation E.It is understood that the scale which remained before on the refractory fixed hearth 6R can now fall through the evacuation passages E.

En outre, les longerons réfractaires fixes LRF et mobiles LRM selon l'invention présentent, transversalement, un profil incliné et arrondi sur la partie supérieure sur laquelle sont positionnées les quilles. Le profil incliné est déterminé avec un angle supérieur à l'angle de talutage, facilitant le broyage et l'évacuation de la calamine dans le passage E prévu à cet effet entre les longerons réfractaires fixes et les longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM. L'angle du profil incliné est par exemple supérieur à 45°.In addition, the fixed LRF and mobile LRM refractory beams according to the invention have, transversely, an inclined and rounded profile on the upper part on which the keels are positioned. The inclined profile is determined with an angle greater than the slope angle, facilitating the grinding and evacuation of the scale in the passage E provided for this purpose between the fixed refractory beams and the mobile refractory beams LRM. The angle of the inclined profile is for example greater than 45°.

L'étanchéité entre la sole, formée par les longerons réfractaires fixes et mobiles, et la mécanique sous four constituée du châssis de levage et du châssis de translation, est obtenue par des bacs à eau 40 (figure 3 et 5) longitudinaux solidaires des longerons réfractaires fixes et des jupes métalliques 70 solidaires des longerons réfractaires mobiles et plongeants dans les bacs à eau 40.The seal between the sole, formed by the fixed and mobile refractory beams, and the mechanics under the furnace consisting of the lifting frame and the translation frame, is obtained by water tanks 40 ( picture 3 and 5 ) longitudinal integral with the fixed refractory beams and the metal skirts 70 integral with the movable and plunging refractory beams in the water tanks 40.

Les bacs à eau 40 sont fixés de chaque côté des longerons réfractaires fixes LRF.The water tanks 40 are fixed on each side of the fixed refractory beams LRF.

Les jupes 70 sont fixées de chaque côté des longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM.The skirts 70 are fixed on each side of the mobile refractory beams LRM.

Par ailleurs, le profil des jupes 70 permet d'éviter le rayonnement direct de l'ambiance du laboratoire du four sur la surface de l'eau contenue dans les bacs à eau 40 afin de minimiser les pertes thermiques par les ouvertures et la consommation d'eau.Furthermore, the profile of the skirts 70 makes it possible to avoid the direct radiation of the atmosphere of the laboratory of the oven on the surface of the water contained in the water tanks 40 in order to minimize the heat losses through the openings and the consumption of heat. 'water.

Les bacs à eau 40 ne sont plus traversés par les quilles mobiles 10Q.The water tanks 40 are no longer crossed by the moving pins 10Q.

La longueur des quilles mobiles est réduite par rapport à celle selon l'art antérieur, de l'ordre d'un mètre et cinquante centimètres.The length of the mobile skittles is reduced compared to that according to the prior art, of the order of one meter and fifty centimeters.

Comme cela est visible sur la figure 6, les longerons réfractaires mobiles peuvent présenter trois positions verticales par rapport aux longerons réfractaires fixes, respectivement basse (à gauche de la figure), intermédiaire (au centre de la figure), et haute (à droite de la figure).As can be seen on the figure 6 , the mobile refractory beams can have three vertical positions with respect to the fixed refractory beams, respectively low (on the left of the figure), intermediate (in the center of the figure), and high (on the right of the figure).

En outre, le passage de quille selon l'art antérieur était entouré de fibreux qui lorsqu'il était arraché conduisait à une oxydation. Ce n'est plus le cas avec la solution selon l'invention dans laquelle la quille 12Q est noyée dans le réfractaire du longeron réfractaire mobile LRM. Des solutions de garnissage de bas de quille avaient été recherchées, par exemple au moyen de tôles inox, mais ces dernières chauffaient, se déformaient et ne tenaient pas.Furthermore, the keel passage according to the prior art was surrounded by fibrous material which, when torn off, led to oxidation. This is no longer the case with the solution according to the invention in which the keel 12Q is embedded in the refractory of the movable refractory spar LRM. Solutions for lining the bottom of the keel had been sought, for example using stainless steel sheets, but the latter overheated, deformed and did not hold.

Selon l'exemple représenté dans ce mode de réalisation, les jupes 70 mobiles sont équipées d'une pluralité de raclettes 50 fixées sur les jupes métalliques 70. Les raclettes 50 plongent dans les bacs à eau 40 et permettent l'acheminement de la calamine vers des trémies de récupération (non représentées), placées en bout des bacs, par le mouvement relatif entre les bacs à eau et les raclettes obtenu par l'association du déplacement rectangulaire des raclettes 50 et de la position fixe des bacs à eau 40.According to the example represented in this embodiment, the mobile skirts 70 are equipped with a plurality of scrapers 50 fixed on the metal skirts 70. The scrapers 50 plunge into the water tanks 40 and allow the routing of the scale towards recovery hoppers (not shown), placed at the end of the tanks, by the relative movement between the water tanks and the scrapers obtained by the combination of the rectangular displacement of the scrapers 50 and the fixed position of the water tanks 40.

Plus précisément, le châssis de translation 3 étant en position haute, à chaque avancée des longerons mobiles LRM, les raclettes métalliques 50 poussent la quantité de calamine se trouvant dans le fond des bacs à eau 40 entre deux raclettes d'un pas de translation vers l'extrémité des bacs à eau 40.More precisely, the translation frame 3 being in the high position, at each advance of the moving beams LRM, the metal scrapers 50 push the quantity of scale found in the bottom of the water tanks 40 between two scrapers by one translation pitch towards the end of the water tanks 40.

Les raclettes contribuent à concasser la calamine, ce qui facilite son évacuation dans le bac à eau 40. Les raclettes ont ainsi un profil adapté pour favoriser le concassage et l'évacuation de la calamine, par exemple en forme de bêche.The scrapers contribute to crushing the scale, which facilitates its evacuation in the water tank 40. The scrapers thus have a profile adapted to promote the crushing and the evacuation of the scale, for example in the shape of a spade.

L'extrémité du bac à eau 40 est équipée d'une vanne à membrane 20 (figure 3), faisant office de chasse d'eau 20, qui évacue la calamine par l'intermédiaire des goulottes 21 dans les wagonnets sur roues 23, l'évacuation se faisant dans le sens de la sortie du four vers l'entrée du four.The end of the water pan 40 is equipped with a diaphragm valve 20 ( picture 3 ), acting as a flush 20, which evacuates the scale via the troughs 21 in the wagons on wheels 23, the evacuation taking place in the direction of the exit of the furnace towards the entrance of the furnace.

Selon une première variante de ce premier mode de réalisation, uniquement décrit pour ses différences avec le premier mode de réalisation, les jupes 70 ne sont pas équipées de raclettes.According to a first variant of this first embodiment, only described for its differences with the first embodiment, the skirts 70 are not equipped with scrapers.

La calamine peut être chassée des bacs à eau 40 sur laquelle elle tombe par un dispositif externe au four, par exemple par des lances du type lance à incendie.The scale can be driven out of the water tanks 40 onto which it falls by a device external to the furnace, for example by lances of the fire hose type.

Selon une deuxième variante de ce premier mode de réalisation, les bacs à eau 40 peuvent être dotés de buses (80) de pulvérisation d'eau (figure 3), disposées au niveau du défournement, qui poussent la calamine vers l'extrémité du bac à eau 40 située du côté de l'enfournement.According to a second variant of this first embodiment, the water tanks 40 can be provided with nozzles (80) for spraying water ( picture 3 ), arranged at the level of the pushing, which push the scale towards the end of the water tank 40 located on the side of the pushing.

Les bacs à eau 40 peuvent être dotés d'injection d'eau 80, par exemple de buses de pulvérisation, qui, sous pression, chasse la calamine vers les chasses d'eau 20.The water tanks 40 can be equipped with water injection 80, for example spray nozzles, which, under pressure, flushes the scale towards the flushes 20.

Selon cette variante, il est possible de ne pas équiper les jupes 70 de raclettes.According to this variant, it is possible not to equip the skirts 70 with scrapers.

Bien entendu, les jupes 70 peuvent encore être équipées de raclettes pour améliorer le concassage de la calamine.Of course, the skirts 70 can also be fitted with scrapers to improve the crushing of the scale.

Selon une troisième variante de ce premier mode de réalisation, uniquement décrit pour ses différences avec le premier mode de réalisation et éventuellement combinable avec la première variante, on peut prévoir deux ou trois points d'évacuation intermédiaires de la calamine.According to a third variant of this first embodiment, only described for its differences with the first embodiment and optionally combinable with the first variant, two or three intermediate scale evacuation points can be provided.

A cet effet, il est proposé de disposer en chacun de ces points d'évacuation un bac transversal doté de conduits recevant la calamine provenant des bacs d'eau 40. De chaque côté du bac transversal, le bac est doté de chasses d'eau qui poussent la calamine vers le centre du bac transversal, doté d'autres conduits équipés de vannes à membrane.To this end, it is proposed to arrange at each of these evacuation points a transverse tank equipped with ducts receiving the scale coming from the water tanks 40. On each side of the transverse tank, the tank is equipped with flushes which push the scale towards the center of the transverse tank, equipped with other conduits equipped with diaphragm valves.

Chacun des bacs transversaux peut avantageusement être placé entre deux roues 33.Each of the transverse trays can advantageously be placed between two wheels 33.

Cette seconde variante est particulièrement avantageuse dans le cadre d'un four très long.This second variant is particularly advantageous in the context of a very long oven.

Les bacs à eau peuvent également être fixés sur les longerons réfractaires mobiles LRM. Dans ce cas, il est nécessaire de prendre en compte l'effet de vague en extrémité de bac à eau généré par le déplacement des longerons.The water trays can also be fixed on the LRM mobile refractory beams. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the wave effect at the end of the water tank generated by the displacement of the side members.

Sur les figures 7 à 9 est représenté schématiquement un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un four FFF selon l'invention.On the figures 7 to 9 schematically shows a second embodiment of an FFF furnace according to the invention.

Le four FFF n'est décrit que pour ses différences avec le premier mode de réalisation, et pourrait reprendre les caractéristiques de l'une ou plusieurs des variantes du premier mode de réalisation.The FFF oven is only described for its differences with the first embodiment, and could take up the characteristics of one or more of the variants of the first embodiment.

Comme cela est visible sur la figure 7, du côté de l'enfournement, le four présente une partie P2 longitudinale semblable à celle décrite selon l'art antérieur, depuis l'enfournement jusqu'à une position longitudinale à partir de laquelle débute une partie P1 semblable à celle telle que décrite en référence au premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.As can be seen on the figure 7 , on the loading side, the oven has a longitudinal part P2 similar to that described according to the prior art, from the loading to a longitudinal position from which begins a part P1 similar to that as described in reference to the first embodiment of the invention.

On remarque que, pour limiter les traces noires provoquées par l'ombre des chenets sur les produits, les longerons réfractaires peuvent être également décalés transversalement vers la sortie du four, comme cela est visible sur la figure 8.Note that, to limit the black marks caused by the shadow of the andirons on the products, the refractory beams can also be offset transversely towards the exit of the oven, as is visible on the figure 8 .

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le four comprenant des longerons réfractaires LRF, LRM sur une partie seulement de sa longueur, au moins un bac à eau 40 a une forme rectangulaire ou en U, au moins un tronçon transversal 41 du bac à eau assurant une liaison entre deux tronçons longitudinaux 42 du bac à eau disposés de part et d'autre d'un longeron réfractaire fixe.In this embodiment, the furnace comprising refractory beams LRF, LRM over only part of its length, at least one water tank 40 has a rectangular or U-shaped shape, at least one transverse section 41 of the water tank ensuring connection between two longitudinal sections 42 of the water tank arranged on either side of a fixed refractory spar.

La figure 11 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'un bac à eau 40 selon l'invention, dans le cas représenté en figures 3 et 4 où le bac à eau fait toute la longueur du four, avec une vue de dessus du bac à eau sur la partie gauche de la figure et une vue en coupe transversale de celui-ci sur la partie droite de la figure. Le bac à eau de forme rectangulaire, comprend deux parties longitudinales 42 disposées de part et d'autre d'un longeron réfractaire fixe, non représenté, et deux liaisons transversales 41 entre ces parties longitudinales disposées de part et d'autre du longeron réfractaire, à chaque extrémité des parties longitudinales. Pour assurer l'étanchéité du four, des jupes 70, non représentées, plongent dans le bac à eau le long des parties longitudinales 42 et des liaisons transversales 41, assurant ainsi une continuité du joint hydraulique. On remarque en outre que le bac à eau est doté de deux chasses d'eau 20, implantées sur la liaison transversale 41 située du côté de l'enfournement du four, une pour chaque partie longitudinale du bac à eau, et de buses de pulvérisation d'eau 80 représentées par des flèches.The figure 11 illustrates an embodiment of a water tank 40 according to the invention, in the case shown in figure 3 and 4 where the water pan runs the full length of the oven, with a top view of the water pan on the left side of the figure and a cross-sectional view of it on the right side of the figure. The rectangular water tank comprises two longitudinal parts 42 arranged on either side of a fixed refractory spar, not shown, and two transverse connections 41 between these longitudinal parts arranged on either side of the refractory spar, at each end of the longitudinal parts. To seal the oven, skirts 70, not shown, plunge into the water tank along the longitudinal parts 42 and the transverse connections 41, thus ensuring continuity of the seal. hydraulic. It is further noted that the water tray is equipped with two flushes 20, located on the transverse connection 41 located on the oven loading side, one for each longitudinal part of the water tray, and spray nozzles of water 80 represented by arrows.

La figure 12 illustre un autre exemple de réalisation d'un bac à eau 40 selon l'invention, dans le cas représenté en figures 7 et 8 où les longerons réfractaires selon l'invention sont seulement sur une partie du four, en l'occurrence au défournement, avec une vue de dessus du bac à eau sur la partie gauche de la figure et une vue en coupe transversale de celui-ci sur la partie droite de la figure. Le bac à eau de forme rectangulaire, comprend également deux parties longitudinales 42 disposées de part et d'autre d'un longeron réfractaire fixe, non représenté, et deux liaisons transversales 41 entre ces parties longitudinales disposées de part et d'autre du longeron réfractaire, à chaque extrémité des parties longitudinales. On remarque que dans cet exemple de réalisation, le bac à eau est doté d'une chasse d'eau 20 disposée sur chaque partie longitudinale du bac à eau, et de buses de pulvérisation d'eau 80 représentées par des flèches.The figure 12 illustrates another embodiment of a water tank 40 according to the invention, in the case shown in figure 7 and 8 where the refractory beams according to the invention are only on a part of the furnace, in this case at the unloading, with a top view of the water tank on the left part of the figure and a cross-sectional view of the latter on the right side of the figure. The rectangular water tank also comprises two longitudinal parts 42 arranged on either side of a fixed refractory spar, not shown, and two transverse connections 41 between these longitudinal parts arranged on either side of the refractory spar , at each end of the longitudinal parts. Note that in this embodiment, the water tray is provided with a flush 20 disposed on each longitudinal portion of the water tray, and water spray nozzles 80 represented by arrows.

La figure 10 illustre une variante de l'exemple de réalisation représenté en figure 8 dans lequel le décalage transversal des longerons pour limiter les traces noires provoquées par l'ombre des chenets sur les produits est réalisé sur la partie P1 du four, dans cet exemple à environ mi - longueur de celle-ci.The figure 10 illustrates a variant of the embodiment shown in figure 8 in which the transverse offset of the beams to limit the black traces caused by the shadow of the andirons on the products is carried out on the part P1 of the oven, in this example at approximately mid-length thereof.

Bien sûr, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples qui viennent d'être décrits et de nombreux aménagements peuvent être apportés à ces exemples sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. De plus, les différentes caractéristiques, formes, variantes et modes de réalisation de l'invention peuvent être associés les uns avec les autres selon diverses combinaisons dans la mesure où ils ne sont pas incompatibles ou exclusifs les uns des autres. [Tableaux 1] E conduit d'évacuation F four de réchauffage selon l'art antérieur FF four de réchauffage selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention FFF four de réchauffage selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention OB ouverture oblongue LRM longeron réfractaire mobile LRF longeron réfractaire fixe 1 rampe de levage présentant un plan incliné 2 châssis de levage 3 châssis de translation 4 bac à eau 5 raclette 6 sole fixe métallique 6R sole fixe réfractaire 7 jupe 10 longeron mobile selon l'art antérieur 10C chenet mobile 10Q quille mobile selon l'art antérieur 12Q quille mobile selon l'invention 11 longeron fixe selon l'art antérieur 11C chenet fixe 11Q quille fixe selon l'art antérieur 13Q quille fixe selon l'invention 19 goulotte verticale 20 vanne à membrane 21 goulotte transversale située le long d'un mur pour la récupération de calamine tombant dans cette zone. 22 galets inférieurs de translation 23 wagonnet sur roues 33 galets supérieurs de levage 40 bac à eau 41 liaison transversale d'un bac à eau 42 tronçon longitudinal d'un bac à eau 50 raclettes 70 jupes 80 buse de pulvérisation d'eau dans un bac à eau Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention. Moreover, the different features, forms, variants and embodiments of the invention may be associated with each other in various combinations insofar as they are not incompatible or exclusive of each other. [Tables 1] E exhaust duct F reheating furnace according to the prior art FF reheating furnace according to a first embodiment of the invention FFF reheating furnace according to a second embodiment of the invention OB oblong opening LRM mobile refractory spar LRF fixed refractory spar 1 lifting ramp having an inclined plane 2 lifting frame 3 travel frame 4 water tank 5 squeegee 6 fixed metal sole 6R fixed hearth refractory 7 skirt 10 movable spar according to the prior art 10C moving andiron 10Q movable keel according to the prior art 12Q movable keel according to the invention 11 fixed spar according to the prior art 11C fixed andiron 11Q fixed keel according to the prior art 13Q fixed keel according to the invention 19 vertical chute 20 diaphragm valve 21 transverse chute located along a wall for the recovery of scale falling in this area. 22 travel lower rollers 23 cart on wheels 33 upper lifting rollers 40 water tank 41 cross connection of a water trough 42 longitudinal section of a water trough 50 squeegees 70 skirts 80 water spray nozzle in a water trough

Claims (9)

  1. Walking beam furnace comprising a plurality of stationary refractory beams (LRF) extending longitudinally and a plurality of movable refractory beams (LRM) extending longitudinally, the movable refractory beams being arranged transversely between the stationary refractory beams and separated on either side of the stationary refractory beams by a space (E), and comprising drive means arranged to move a lifting frame (2) and a translation frame (3), which support the movable refractory beams (LRM), according to a rectangular displacement cycle having two vertical positions, namely an upper and lower position, respectively, and an intermediate vertical position in which the walking beams are at the same height as the stationary beams, the walking beams projecting above the stationary beams in the upper position, the walking beams being at a lower level than the stationary beams in the lower position, the furnace further comprising a plurality of longitudinal water tanks (40) which are arranged in line with the separation spaces (E) and attached to one of the refractory beams (LRF, LRM) defining a separation space (E), and a plurality of skirts (70) which are attached to the other refractory beam (LRF, LRM) defining said separation space (E) and dip into the water tanks (40), characterized in that the stationary refractory beams (LRF) and the movable stationary refractory beams (LRM) have an inclined and rounded profile on the upper part, the inclined profile having a slant which forms, with the horizontal, an angle greater than the slope angle of the scale.
  2. Furnace according to the preceding claim, wherein the stationary refractory beams (LRF) and the movable stationary refractory beams (LRM) extend over all or part of the length of the furnace.
  3. Furnace according to either of the preceding claims, wherein the stationary refractory beams (LRF) and the movable refractory beams (LRM) are made of concrete with a low cement content, based on tabular alumina and spinel.
  4. Furnace according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising scrapers (50), the profile of which is adapted to promote the crushing and discharging of the scale, which scrapers are attached to the plurality of skirts (70).
  5. Furnace according to the preceding claim, wherein the scrapers have a suitable spade-shaped profile.
  6. Furnace according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water tank (40) is provided with water spray nozzles (80) and flushing systems (20) arranged to drive out the water and the scale from the water tank.
  7. Furnace according to one of the preceding claims, comprising refractory beams (LRF, LRM) over only part of the length of the furnace, characterized in that at least one water tank (40) has a rectangular shape or is U-shaped, with at least one transverse connection (41) of the water tank ensuring a connection between two longitudinal sections (42) of the water tank arranged on either side of a refractory beam.
  8. Method for continuously shredding and discharging scale in a walking beam furnace comprising a plurality of stationary refractory beams (LRF) extending longitudinally and a plurality of movable refractory beams (LRM) extending longitudinally, the movable refractory beams being arranged transversely between the stationary refractory beams and separated on either side of the stationary refractory beams by a space (E), and comprising drive means arranged to move a lifting frame (2) and a translation frame (3), which support the movable refractory beams (LRM), according to a rectangular displacement cycle having two vertical positions, namely an upper and lower position, respectively, and an intermediate vertical position in which the walking beams are at the same height as the stationary beams, the walking beams projecting above the stationary beams in the upper position, the walking beams being at a lower level than the stationary beams in the lower position, the furnace further comprising a plurality of longitudinal water tanks (40) which are arranged in line with the separation spaces (E) and attached to one of the refractory beams (LRF, LRM) defining a separation space (E), and a plurality of skirts (70) which are attached to the other refractory beam (LRF, LRM) defining said separation space (E) and dip into the water tanks (40),
    characterized in that the stationary refractory beams (LRF) and the movable stationary refractory beams (LRM) have an inclined and rounded profile on the upper part, the inclined profile having a slant which forms, with the horizontal, an angle greater than the slope angle of the scale, the scale being shredded by the beams as it passes through the separation spaces (E) and being continuously discharged by the plurality of water tanks.
  9. Method according to the preceding claim, further comprising a step of crushing and discharging the scale by means of scrapers (50) having a suitable profile that are attached to the plurality of skirts (70).
EP19845707.9A 2018-12-24 2019-12-17 Walking beam furnace for continuously discharging and shredding scale Active EP3903057B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1874133A FR3090836B1 (en) 2018-12-24 2018-12-24 "Furnace with movable beams allowing continuous grinding and removal of scale"
PCT/FR2019/053126 WO2020136321A1 (en) 2018-12-24 2019-12-17 Walking beam furnace for continuously discharging and shredding scale

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3903057A1 EP3903057A1 (en) 2021-11-03
EP3903057B1 true EP3903057B1 (en) 2022-10-19

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ID=66530320

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19845707.9A Active EP3903057B1 (en) 2018-12-24 2019-12-17 Walking beam furnace for continuously discharging and shredding scale

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US (1) US20220074665A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3903057B1 (en)
BR (1) BR112021011695A2 (en)
CA (1) CA3122609A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2935359T3 (en)
FI (1) FI3903057T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3090836B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2021007697A (en)
PL (1) PL3903057T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2020136321A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508375A1 (en) * 1966-07-22 1969-10-23 Beck & Kaltheuner Fa Walking beam stove

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB813362A (en) * 1956-03-19 1959-05-13 Svenska Metallverkens Ugns Akt Improvements in and relating to walking beam conveyors for furnaces
DE1133414B (en) * 1956-03-19 1962-07-19 Svenska Metallverkens Ugns Akt Device for sealing industrial heat exchangers, preferably for treating steel blocks or the like with a walking beam conveyor device
DE2017106A1 (en) * 1970-04-10 1971-10-21 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Under - fired walking beam furnace
DE4119708A1 (en) * 1991-06-14 1992-12-17 Maerz Ofenbau SIMPLE STEPS FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF PIECE OF GOODS
FR2954353B1 (en) 2009-12-23 2012-01-13 Fives Stein MOBILE LONGERONS FURNACE FOR AGENCY FOR CALAMINE EXHAUST

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508375A1 (en) * 1966-07-22 1969-10-23 Beck & Kaltheuner Fa Walking beam stove

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CA3122609A1 (en) 2020-07-02
WO2020136321A1 (en) 2020-07-02
FR3090836B1 (en) 2021-04-16
PL3903057T3 (en) 2023-01-30
BR112021011695A2 (en) 2021-09-08
FI3903057T3 (en) 2023-01-13
ES2935359T3 (en) 2023-03-06
EP3903057A1 (en) 2021-11-03
FR3090836A1 (en) 2020-06-26
MX2021007697A (en) 2021-08-05
US20220074665A1 (en) 2022-03-10

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