EP3899323A1

EP3899323A1 - Actuating device

Info

Publication number: EP3899323A1
Application number: EP19817948.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Dominik Hans
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Current assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-12-17
Filing date: 2019-11-15
Publication date: 2021-10-27
Also published as: KR20210102207A; CN113348316A; WO2020125846A1; DE102018132450A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuating device (16) for actuating at least two free gears (21, 22) arranged adjacent to one another in the axial direction on a shaft (14), the actuating device comprising at least two sliding sleeves (23, 24). In order to simplify the actuation of at least two free gears (21, 22), an actuating sleeve (17), by means of which the two sliding sleeves (23, 24) can be actuated, can be moved between three actuation positions, while at least one of the sliding sleeves (23, 24) can be moved only between two shifting positions.

Description

Actuating device

The invention relates to an actuating device and a method for actuating at least two idler gears arranged next to one another in the axial direction on a shaft, with at least two sliding sleeves. The invention also relates to a transmission with a pair of idler gears.

From German published patent application DE 10 2004 049 832 A1, a double clutch transmission for front-wheel drive with two main shafts arranged coaxially to one another and two countershafts arranged in parallel to one another is known, the power flow of the reverse gear from a fixed gear of the first main shaft via: a rotatable relative to one Layshaft arranged idler gear, which in the power flow of a forward gear is rotatably coupled with this one Vorgele shaft; two idler gears of the other countershaft which are coupled in a rotationally fixed manner; two immediately adjacent fixed wheels of the second main shaft; an idler gear and an output pinion of a countershaft and non-rotatably coupled thereto; A differential gear runs, the two idler gears coupled to one another in a rotationally fixed manner form a double idler gear unit which can be coupled by means of an axially adjacent shift sleeve, an axially supported part of this shift sleeve engaging through the idler gear closer to the shift sleeve and has an internal toothing for the rotationally fixed coupling of the two idler gears to one another.

The object of the invention is to simplify the actuation of at least two idler gears which are arranged next to one another in the axial direction on a shaft and which have to have at least two slits.

The object is achieved in an actuating device for actuating at least two idler gears arranged next to one another in the axial direction on a shaft, with at least two sliding sleeves, in that an actuating sleeve with which the two sliding sleeves can be actuated, can be moved between three operating positions, while at least one of the sliding sleeves can only be moved between two switching positions. The actuating sleeve can be an additional construction part with which the sliding sleeves are actuated. The actuating sleeve can also be combined with one of the sliding sleeves. The three actuating positions of the actuating sleeve are realized, for example, by decoupling at least one of the sliding sleeves from the actuating sleeve in at least one axial direction. In this way, an actuation path piece in the axial direction and thus axial installation space can be saved.

A preferred embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve is combined with one of the sliding sleeves. The actuating sleeve is set, for example, like a conventional actuating sleeve with a shift fork for actuating the sliding sleeve, in axial movement. For this purpose, the shift fork engages, for example, radially on the outside of the actuating sleeve, which is combined with the sliding sleeve. The actuating sleeve is designed radially on the inside as a sliding sleeve.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve is operatively connected to at least one coupling mechanism, which comprises at least one slide, which can be actuated by an idler gear / fixed gear with one of the sliding sleeves in order to rotate the idler gear / fixed gear to connect a fixed gear / idler gear. Depending on the version, one of the sliding sleeves is also provided with a rotary decoupling. Depending on requirements, one of the idler gears can be arranged axially between the actuating sleeve and the fixed gear. The fixed gear can also be arranged axially between the actuating sleeve and one of the idler gears.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the coupling mechanism comprises at least one coupling element which is mounted in the slide and which in a central position of the actuating sleeve can be displaced between the actuating sleeve and a hub. The Kop pelelement is designed for example as a ball. The coupling element advantageously serves to represent the third operating position of a total of three operating positions, between which the actuating sleeve is movable.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that an actuating sleeve, with which the two sliding sleeves can be actuated, is arranged in the axial direction between the two idler gears. The term axial refers to an axis of rotation of the shaft. The shaft is, for example, an output shaft in a gearbox. In the exemplary embodiment, the actuating sleeve is advantageously arranged in the axial direction between the running teeth of the two idler gears. The actuating sleeve is actuated, for example, via a shift fork. An actuating movement of the actuating sleeve is advantageously transmitted to the sliding sleeves under the running teeth of the idler gears or fixed gears, for example via corresponding penetrations in the idler gears or fixed gears. The sliding sleeves are used to display classic synchronizations. The actuation of a synchronization through an idler gear is known, for example, from the German publication DE 10 2004 049 832 A1 recognized at the outset. In this publication, a reverse gear is realized by coupling two idler gears to an output shaft of a transmission. This coupling is actuated through one of the idler gears. The sliding sleeves are firmly coupled to one another in the known actuating device. The result of this is that a left sliding sleeve, which couples the two loose wheels to one another, must be able to move the actuation path in both actuation directions. This weakens a cross section of one of the idler gears in a central area. In the actuating device according to the invention, in contrast to the known prior art, the sliding sleeves are not permanently coupled to one another. The sliding sleeves, which can also be referred to as shift sleeves or synchronizing sleeves, can be displaced to a limited extent independently of one another in the axial direction. In countershifts, this results in an axial gain in installation space. When actuated in a first actuation direction, for example, one of the idler gears is coupled to another idler gear on the shaft, if necessary synchronized and then connected in a rotationally fixed manner. When actuated in a second actuation direction, for example, the other idler gear is rotatably connected to a fixed gear on the shaft. A rotary coupling is advantageously provided between the sliding sleeves. Another preferred embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve can be moved between three actuating positions, while the sliding sleeves can only be moved between two switching positions. At least one of the sliding sleeves is arranged axially outside the idler gears. Depending on the version, both sliding sleeves are preferably arranged axially outside the idler gears. At least one of the sliding sleeves is advantageously arranged in the axial direction at least partially overlapping to an associated idler gear. Depending on the design, both sliding sleeves can also be arranged at least partially overlapping to the associated idler gear in the axial direction. The actuating positions of the actuating sleeve are preferably a locking position, a central or neutral position and a coupling position. One of the sliding sleeves is switched between the middle or neutral position and the coupling position. The switching positions of the sliding sleeves are preferably an open and a closed switching position.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating device comprises a coupling mechanism with at least two sliders assigned to the idler wheels, which can be actuated via the actuating sleeve in order to actuate one of the sliding sleeves. A non-rotatable connection with the sliding sleeves may only be realized after a previous synchronization process. The actuating sleeve is advantageously not permanently coupled to the sliders in the axial direction. In this way, the sliding sleeves can be decoupled from one another in a simple manner.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the coupling mechanism comprises coupling elements which can be displaced between the slides and a hub in a central position of the actuating sleeve. The coupling elements are designed as balls, for example. The coupling elements are advantageously radially adjustable for actuating the sliding sleeves. In the middle position or neutral position of the actuating sleeve, the coupling elements can advantageously assume radially inner or radially outer positions. A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve has at least one coupling contour with a ramp, the hub having at least one locking contour with a ramp. The ramps are advantageously arranged at an angle of approximately forty-five degrees to the axis of rotation of the shaft. An unwanted jamming of the coupling elements, preferably designed as a ball, is reliably prevented by the ramps.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the slides and the actuating sleeve have stops which are effective in a respective closing direction, the coupling elements being guided axially and in the circumferential direction in the slides. Through an axial displacement of the actuating sleeve in the closing direction, the stops between the slide and the actuating sleeve come to rest and move the respective slide. When actuated in the closing direction, the coupling element is pressed radially outwards via the ramp on the locking contour of the hub.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve can be moved in the axial direction between the loose wheels along an idle path relative to the hub and the coupling elements. In the closed position, an outer contour of the hub holds the coupling element in its radially outer position. The associated slide is coupled via the coupling element in the axial direction to the actuating sleeve. When opening from the closed position, the actuating force acts on the slide via the ramp and the coupling element.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the two idler wheels are coupled to one another in a double loose wheel unit. The coupling of the two idler gears means that the idler gears that are coupled to one another rotate at the same speed.

The above-mentioned object is alternatively or additionally achieved by a method for actuating at least two axially on a shaft side by side on ordered idler gears with an actuating device described above. When actuating the actuating sleeve from its central position or neutral position counter to the closing direction, the respective coupling element is pressed radially inwards by the ramp of the coupling contour of the actuating sleeve. In a defined position of the sliding sleeve, the inner contour of the actuating sleeve holds the coupling element in its radially inner position. The associated slide is then coupled to the hub in the axial direction via the coupling element.

The invention also relates to a transmission with a pair of idler gears to which an actuating device described above is assigned. The transmission is, for example, a hybrid transmission. To shorten the transmission length of the hybrid transmission, it is advantageously proposed that the synchronization, which connects the idler gear from a first gear plane and a second and third gear plane from the drive shaft, is not arranged between the first and second idler gear, but on the double idler gear. The synchronization is advantageously carried out by the idler gears of the second or third gear plane. For this purpose, the actuating sleeve is arranged on the hub of the double wheel. For example, a conventional actuating fork engages in the actuating sleeve for actuation. The actuating sleeve is displaced in the axial direction via the actuating fork. The actuating sleeve is secured against rotation with respect to the hub of the double idler gear and can be displaced in the axial direction.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which various exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a greatly simplified representation of two gears, the lower gear in FIG. 1 being equipped with an actuating device according to the invention; the

FIGS. 2 to 4 each show a schematic illustration of the actuation device from FIG. 1 in different actuation positions or switch positions;

FIG. 5 shows an output shaft of the transmission from FIG. 1 with the gear wheels arranged thereon and the actuating device in longitudinal section; Figure 6 shows a first exploded view of Figure 5;

Figure 7 shows a second exploded view of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a schematic representation of an actuating device in which an actuating sleeve is combined with a sliding sleeve;

FIG. 9 shows the actuating device from FIG. 8, the actuating sleeve being shifted to the left in order to actuate a sliding sleeve arranged on the left in FIG. 8 via a slide and a tappet; and

10 shows the actuating device from FIG. 7, the actuating sleeve combined with the sliding sleeve being actuated on the right.

In Figure 1, two gears 1; 1 1 with five wheel planes I to V above one another represents Darge. The transmission 1 comprises two transmission input shafts 2, 3 and an output shaft 4. The transmission 1 1 comprises two transmission input shafts 12, 13 and an output shaft 14.

On the output shaft 14, two idler gears 21, 22 of the gear planes II and III are coupled to one another in a double-gear unit 15. The double wheel unit 15 is assigned an actuating device 16 with an actuating sleeve 17. The actuation supply sleeve 17 is coupled via a coupling mechanism 18, the slide 19, 20 to, with sliding sleeves 23, 24. The sliding sleeve 23 is used to connect the Los wheel 27 rotatably with the output shaft 14 or to synchronize. The sliding sleeve 24 serves to connect the double wheel unit 15 to the fixed wheel 8 or the output shaft 14 in a rotationally fixed manner.

According to an essential aspect of the invention, the actuating sleeve 17 of the shift of the idler gear 27 in gear level I and the double gear 15 of the transmission 1 was moved from the space between the wheel planes I and II into the space between the gear planes II and III of the transmission 1 1, as shown in Figure 1 sees. This results in an increase in installation space indicated by arrows 28, 29 of almost the width of a syn- chronization. The actuation of the respective synchronizations / idler gear clutches takes place in the transmission 11 through the idler gears 21, 22.

In FIG. 1 it is also indicated that the sliding sleeve 23 is assigned a sliding sleeve carrier 25 and a coupling body 26. The sliding sleeve carrier 25 is arranged radially inside the sliding sleeve 23. The clutch body 26 is rotatably connected to the idler gear 27.

The actuating sleeve 17 of the actuating device 16 can occupy three actuating positions, which are illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4. The sliding sleeves 23, 24 of the actuating device 16 can only take two switching positions. The slider 19 acts between the sliding sleeve 23 and the actuating sleeve 17. The slider 20 acts between the sliding sleeve 24 and the actuating sleeve 17.

Advantageously, the sliding sleeves 23, 24 for coupling to the actuating sleeve 17 each have a plurality of slides 19; 20 assigned. The actuating sleeve 17 is advantageously not permanently coupled to the slides 19, 20 in the axial direction.

In Figures 2 to 4, the operation of the actuator 16 at the example of the slide 19, which serves to synchronize the left idler gear 21 in Figure 1 of the double idler gear 15 with the idler gear 27 is shown schematically.

In Figures 2 to 4, the output shaft (14 in Figure 1) is only indicated by its axis of rotation 31. The coupling mechanism 18 of the actuating device 16 comprises a coupling element 32, which is designed as a ball. The coupling element 32 is arranged between the actuating sleeve 17 and a hub 33 on the output shaft. The slide 19 has two guide surfaces 40, 41 spaced apart from one another in the axial direction for guiding the coupling element 32.

FIGS. 2 to 4 illustrate that the actuating sleeve 17 of the actuating device 16 can assume three actuating positions. In contrast to this, the slide 19, which is axially coupled to the sliding sleeve fe (23 in FIG. 1) via a groove 30, can only assume two switching positions. The actuating sleeve 17 is twisted against the hub 33 of the double wheel and axially displaceable in the axial direction between its three actuating positions, as can be seen in FIGS. In Figure 2, the operating sleeve 17 assumes its left operating position. In Figure 3, the actuating sleeve 17 assumes its middle actuating position. In Figure 4, the actuating sleeve 17 occupies its right Be actuation position.

As indicated in FIGS. 3 and 2, the slide 19 is displaced axially to the left when actuated in a closing direction. In a first actuation phase, a ramp 35 of a locking contour 34 of the hub 33 acts on the coupling element 32 and pushes it radially outward. The radially outer region of the coupling element 32 plunges into a recess of a coupling contour 36 of the actuating sleeve 17 and thus establishes a positive connection between the slide 19 and the actuating sleeve 17. In a second actuation phase, a radially outer region of the hub 33 then holds the coupling element 32 in this radially outer position.

When opening, the direction of action of the actuating force on the actuating sleeve 17 is reversed. As a result, the force can no longer be transmitted via stops 38, 39 to the actuating sleeve 17 and to the slide 19. When opening the actuating device 16, that is to say from FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, a ramp 37 of a coupling contour 36 of the actuating sleeve 17 comes into contact with the coupling element 32, which in turn transmits the actuating force to the slide 19 and opens the coupling mechanism 18 as can be seen in Figure 3.

In the middle position of the actuating sleeve 17 shown in FIG. 3, the coupling element 32 is located above the recess of the locking contour 34. The coupling element 32 is no longer held in the radially outer position and can shift radially inward, as can be seen in FIG. 3 . In this middle position of the actuating sleeve 17, the slide 19 is in its right position and cannot move further to the right due to a stop which is not visible in FIGS. 2 to 4.

If the actuating sleeve 17 is moved further to the right from its central position shown in FIG. 3, the coupling element 32 is moved via the ramp 37 of the coupling contour 36 shifted radially inwards. The coupling element 32 comes to rest with its radially inner region in the recess of the locking contour 34 in the hub 33 and thereby locks the slide 19 with the hub 33, as can be seen from an overview of FIGS. 3 and 4. In the right end position of the actuating sleeve 17 shown in FIG. 4, an inner region of the coupling contour 36 holds the coupling element 32 in its radially inner position.

As an alternative to the embodiment of the coupling mechanism 18 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the direction of movement of the coupling element could also be in the circumferential direction or a combination of the circumferential direction and the radial direction, ie obliquely. The coupling element 32 can also have a different shape, for example that of a cylinder. The coupling element 32 does not necessarily have to be guided radially, it could also be articulated to the slide 19 and perform a pivoting movement.

In Figures 5 to 7, the output shaft 14 with the associated transmission components of the transmission 1 1 from Figure 1 is shown in detail in different views. At the left in Figures 5 to 7 end of the output shaft 14, an output gear wheel 50 is attached. For coupling the idler gear 27 of the first gear plane (I in FIG. 1) or for coupling the double idler gear unit (15 in FIG. 1) with the idler gears 21, 22 of the gear planes (II and III in FIG. 1) to the output shaft 14 are each separate Idler gear coupling 51, 52 available.

The idler gear couplings 51, 52 include separate synchronization and coupling devices. These synchronizing and coupling devices are arranged axially outside the double wheel (15 in FIG. 1). The left idler gear coupling 51 or the synchronizing and coupling device in FIG. 5 couples the idler gear 27 of the wheel level I via the sliding sleeve 23 and the sliding sleeve carrier 20 to the drive shaft 14. The right idler gear coupling 52 or the synchronizing and coupling device couples the double idler gear unit 15 of the gear level II and III via the sliding sleeve 24 and the fixed wheel 8 of the wheel plane IV with the output shaft 14.

The synchronization and coupling devices 51, 52 can assume two switching positions, an open and a closed switching position. The output shaft 14 is supported by a floating bearing 53 and a fixed bearing 54 in a (not shown) housing of the transmission. The sliding sleeve carrier 25 is non-rotatably connected to the output shaft 14 via a spline 55. The idler gear coupling 51 comprises a synchronizer ring 56. A slide ring 57 engages in the groove 30 at the left end of the slide 19 in FIG. 5. The slide ring 57 serves to represent a rotational decoupling in the circumferential direction, while the speed of the double loose wheel 15 differs from the output shaft 14 . The sliding ring 57 is partially connected radially on the outside to the sliding sleeve 23.

Two sleeves 69, 71 are arranged radially inside the double loose wheel 15. A thrust ring 58 is arranged in the axial direction between the sleeves 69, 71. The idler wheels 21, 22 of the double wheel 15 are mounted in the axial direction via axial bearings 67, 68 relative to the thrust ring 58.

The idler gear coupling 52 on the right in FIG. 5 comprises a clutch device with a clutch body 59. The clutch body 59 interacts with a synchronizer ring 64. A spring element 65 is arranged radially within the slide 20. Another spring element 66 is arranged radially within the synchronizer ring 56. The slide 20 is radially within the actuating sleeve 17, a coupling element 70 assigned, which is designed as a ball.

The fixed gears 8, 9 are connected to the output shaft 14 in a rotationally fixed manner via splines 61, 62. A spline 73 of the output shaft 14 serves for the rotationally fixed connection with the spline 55 of the sliding sleeve carrier 25. A spline 74 of the output shaft 14 serves for the rotationally fixed connection with the splines 61, 62 of the fixed gears 8, 9th

To transmit the actuating movement, the slides 19, 20 are arranged between the actuating sleeve 17 and the sliding sleeves. 7 further sliders 75, 76 are indicated. The slides 19, 20, 75, 76 are positively connected to the respective sliding sleeve 23, 24 in the axial direction.

In the left-hand loose wheel coupling system 51 in FIGS. 5 to 7, the slides 19, 76 are of the sliding sleeve 23 via the slide ring 57 and the groove 30 in the slider 19 rotates. In the right loose wheel coupling system 52, the sliding sleeve 24 rotates synchronously with the double loose wheel 15. Therefore, the rotational decoupling is omitted here. In this case, the slides 20 and 75 can also be integrally connected to the sliding sleeve 24 or in one piece with the sliding sleeve 24.

The actuating sleeve 17 is not permanently connected to the slides 19, 20. When actuated, the respective slide 19, 20 via the coupling mechanism or coupling mechanism 18 is coupled to the actuating sleeve 17 of the actuating device 16. When the actuating sleeve 17 is actuated in the closing direction, 20 stops (38,

39 in Figures 2 to 4), which are designated in Figures 5 to 7 with 79, 81, 82, 87, 89. As a result, the actuating sleeve 17 with the slides 19, 20, 75, 76 moves in the axial direction.

In Figure 7, 78 is a locking ring. With 81 and 82 stops on the slide 76 are designated. With 84 a guide ring is designated. A guide flank on the guide ring 84 is designated by 85. With 86 in Figure 7 a handle in the idler gear 21 for the slide 19 is designated. At 87 stops of the actuating sleeve 17 are designated. With 88, 89 bolt contours in the hub 33 are designated net. With 90 a stop of the actuating sleeve 17 is designated. With 91 a handle in the idler gear 22 is designated for the slide 20. With 92 in FIG. 7, screws are designated, which serve for coupling the idler gears 21, 22.

The coupling mechanism 18 consists in each case of a coupling element 32, 70, here in the form of a ball, of locking contours 34, 88, 89 or coupling contours 36 in the hub 33 and actuating sleeve 17, and of the guide geometry for the coupling element 32, 70 in the slide 19, 20. The coupling element is added in the guide geometry in the slide 19, 20.

The guide geometry in the slide 19, 20; 75, 76 is designed such that the coupling element 32, 70 is guided closely in the axial and circumferential directions, but can be moved easily in the radial direction. For a spherical coupling element 32, 70, the guide geometry is a bore. The radial extent of the coupling element 32, 70 is greater than the radial thickness of the slide 19, 20; 75.76. The coupling contour 36, as well as the locking contour 34 in the actuating sleeve 17 or the hub 33, are formed by a recess in the actuating sleeve 17 or the hub 33. The recess is so large that the coupling element 32, 70 can be partially accommodated therein, to the extent that on the side of the slide 19, 20 facing away from the respective contour 34, 36; 75, 76 the coupling element 32, 70 does not have the slide 19, 20; 75, 76 protrudes here.

The side of the coupling or locking contour 34, 36 facing the respective synchronization / coupling device 51, 52 has a ramp-like slope. The technically sensible range of the ramp angle is between thirty degrees and seventy degrees, and ideally around fifty degrees to fifty-five degrees, measured with respect to the axis of rotation 31 of the shaft 14.

In Figures 8 to 10, an actuator 1 16 is shown schematically. In the actuating device 1 16, an actuating sleeve 1 17 is combined with a sliding sleeve 124, more precisely combined in one component. The actuating sleeve 117 combined with the sliding sleeve 124 serves to establish a rotationally fixed connection between an output shaft 114 and an idler gear 122 arranged on the right in FIGS. 8 and 10 with the aid of a hub 133.

The output shaft 1 14 is rotatable together with the hub 133 about an axis of rotation 131. A sliding sleeve 123 arranged on the left in FIGS. 8 to 10 is used to produce a rotationally fixed connection between a fixed gear 1 15 arranged on the left in FIGS. 8 to 10 and an idler gear 121 arranged in the axial direction between the fixed gear 1 15 and the actuating sleeve 1 17 .

The combined with the sliding sleeve 124 actuating sleeve 1 17 of the actuating device 1 16 is coupled via a coupling mechanism 1 18 with the sliding sleeve 123. The coupling mechanism 1 18 is designed so that the actuating sleeve 1 17 is movable in the axial direction between three operating positions, which are shown in Figures 8 to 10. In Figure 8, the actuating sleeve 1 17 takes its middle position. In Figure 9, the actuating sleeve 1 17, for example with the help of a ner shift fork, not shown, actuated to the left. In Figure 10, the actuating sleeve 11 is actuated to the right.

In the actuation shown in Figure 10 to the right, the actuating sleeve 1 17 takes over the function of the sliding sleeve 124. The coupling mechanism 1 18 includes a coupling element 132 designed as a ball, via which the actuating sleeve 1 17 couples the slide 1 19 with the hub 133 .

In the central position of the actuating sleeve 117 shown in FIG. 8, the loose wheels 121 and 122 are both decoupled, that is to say they are not connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft 114 or the fixed gear 115. The idler gears 121, 122 are in the unactuated state with the help of unspecified bearings about the axis of rotation 131 relative to the Abtriebswel le 1 14 rotatable.

When actuated to the left in FIG. 9, the sliding sleeve 123 is moved to the left via a slide 119 and a tappet 120 in order to couple the idler gear 121 to the fixed gear 115, that is to say to synchronize and connect it in a rotationally fixed manner. The slider 119 can be designed in a ring shape and is arranged to the right of the idler gear 121 in FIGS. 8 to 10. The tappet 120 is, for example, rod-shaped and extends through a corresponding recess in the idler gear 121.

Because the hub 133 and the fixed gear 1 15 rotate before synchronizing at a different speed than the idler gear 121, a rotational decoupling 125 is advantageously seen before. The sliding sleeve 123 and the rotational decoupling are, for example, ring-shaped. The fixed gear 1 15 and the left idler gear 121 can also be interchanged. Then the rotational decoupling 125 can be omitted. In addition, the plunger 120 and the slide 19 can then be combined in one component. Reference list

transmission

Transmission input shaft

Output shaft

Fixed gear

transmission

Gear shaft

Shaft, in particular output shaft

Double wheel unit

Actuator

Actuating sleeve

Coupling mechanism

Slider

Idler gear

Sliding sleeve

Sliding sleeve carrier

Clutch body

Idler gear

arrow

Groove

1 axis of rotation

Coupling element or coupling element

hub

Bolt contour ramp

Coupling contour ramp

attack

Guide surface Guide surface Output gear idler gear idler gear idler bearing

Fixed bearing Splines Synchronizer ring Slip ring

Thrust ring Coupling body Splines Splines Synchronizer ring Spring element Spring element Thrust bearing Thrust bearing sleeve

Coupling element sleeve

Splines Splines Slider Slider Groove

Synchronizer ring stop Stop stop

Guide ring

Leading edge

Penetration

attack

Bolt contour

attack

Penetration

Screws

Output shaft

Fixed gear

Actuator actuating sleeve coupling mechanism slide

Pestle

1 idler gear

Idler gear

Sliding sleeve

5 Rotation decoupling 1 rotation axis

Coupling element3 hub

Claims

1. Actuating device (16; 116) for actuating at least two idler wheels arranged next to one another in the axial direction on a shaft (14; 114)

(21, 22; 121, 122), with at least two sliding sleeves (23, 24; 123, 124), characterized in that an actuating sleeve (17; 117) with which the two sliding sleeves (23, 24; 123; 124) can be actuated, between three actuating positions can be moved while at least one of the sliding sleeves

(23, 24; 123, 124) can only be moved between two switching positions.

2. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating sleeve (1 17) is combined with one of the sliding sleeves (124).

3. Actuating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating sleeve (17; 117) is operatively connected to at least one coupling mechanism (18; 118) which has at least one slide

(19,20; 119), which can be actuated through an idler gear (21; 121) / fixed gear (17) through actuation with one of the sliding sleeves (23,24; 123), around the idler gear (21; 121) / fixed gear (17) rotatably connected to a fixed gear (115) / idler gear (22; 27).

4. Actuating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the coupling mechanism (18; 118) comprises at least one coupling element (32; 70; 132) which is mounted in the slide (19; 119) and which is in a central position (Figure 3) the actuating sleeve (17; 117) can be displaced between the actuating sleeve (17; 117) and a hub (32; 132).

5. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuating sleeve (17) with which the two sliding sleeves (23, 24) can be actuated is arranged in the axial direction between the two Losrä (21, 22).

6. Actuating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuating sleeve (17) between three actuating positions (Fig. 2-4) is movable bar, while the sliding sleeves (23,24) only between two switching positions (Fig. 2,3 ) are movable. 7. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (16) comprises a coupling mechanism (18) with at least two idler gears (21, 22) associated sliders (19, 20; 76), via the actuating sleeve (17) can be actuated to actuate one of the sliding sleeves (23, 24).

8. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating sleeve (17) has at least one coupling contour (36) with a ramp (37), the hub (33) at least one belt gel contour (34) with a ramp (35 ) having.

9. Actuating device according to claim 8, characterized in that the slide (19, 20; 76) and the actuating sleeve (17) have effective stops (39, 38) in a respective closing direction, the coupling elements (32, 70) in the Slides (19, 20; 76) are each axially and in the circumferential direction leads.

10. Actuating device according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the actuating sleeve (17) in the axial direction between the loose wheels (21, 22) along an idle path (between Figures 3 and 4) relative to the hub (33 ) and the coupling elements (32, 70) is movable.

11. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two idler gears (21, 22) in a double wheel unit

(15) are coupled together.

12. A method of actuating at least two idler gears (21, 22) arranged next to one another in the axial direction on a shaft (14) with an actuating device (16) according to one of the preceding claims.

13. Transmission (11) with a pair of idler gear (21, 22), which an actuator

(16) is assigned according to one of claims 1 to 8.