CN113348316A

CN113348316A - Actuating device

Info

Publication number: CN113348316A
Application number: CN201980083985.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 多米尼克·汉斯
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Current assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-12-17
Filing date: 2019-11-15
Publication date: 2021-09-03
Also published as: WO2020125846A1; DE102018132450A1; EP3899323A1; KR20210102207A

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuating device (16) for braking at least two idler gears (21, 22) arranged adjacent to one another in an axial direction on a shaft (14), comprising at least two sliding sleeves (23, 24). In order to simplify the actuation of the at least two idler gears (21, 22), the actuating sleeve (17) can be moved between three actuating positions, whereas at least one of the sliding sleeves (23, 24) can only be moved between two switching positions, the two sliding sleeves (23, 24) being actuatable by means of the actuating sleeve.

Description

Actuating device

Technical Field

The invention relates to an actuating device comprising at least two sliding sleeves and a method for actuating at least two idler gears arranged adjacent to one another in an axial direction on a shaft. The invention also relates to a transmission having a pair of loose wheels.

Background

German patent application DE 102004049832 a1 discloses a double clutch transmission for front wheel drive having two coaxially arranged main shafts and two secondary shafts arranged parallel to each other, wherein the power flow of the reverse gear extends from the fixed gear of the first main shaft via: an idler gear rotatably disposed opposite one of the countershafts, the idler gear non-rotatably coupled with the one of the countershafts in the power flow of the forward gear; two idler gears of the other countershaft, which are non-rotatably coupled to each other; two directly adjacent fixed gears of the second main shaft; an idler gear of one of the forward gears and an output pinion non-rotatably coupled to the idler gear; and a differential gear, wherein two idler gears of one of the countershafts which are non-rotatably coupled to one another form a double idler gear unit which can be coupled by means of an axially adjacent shift sleeve, wherein a part which is axially supported on the shift sleeve passes through the idler gear close to the shift sleeve and has an inner gear for non-rotatably coupling the two idler gears with one another.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to simplify the actuation of at least two idler gears arranged adjacent to one another in the axial direction on a shaft, the actuation device comprising at least two sliding sleeves.

This object is achieved by an actuating device for actuating at least two idler gears arranged adjacent to one another in an axial direction on a shaft, having at least two sliding sleeves, characterized in that the actuating sleeve is movable between three actuating positions, while at least one of the sliding sleeves is movable only between two switching positions, the two sliding sleeves being actuatable by means of the actuating sleeve. The actuating sleeve may be an additional component by which the sliding sleeve is actuated. The actuating sleeve may also be combined with one of the sliding sleeves. Thereby, the three actuating positions of the actuating sleeve are achieved, for example, by decoupling at least one of the sliding sleeves from the actuating sleeve in at least one axial direction. In this way, the actuation running member can be dispensed with in the axial direction and thus in the axial installation space.

A preferred embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve is combined with one of the sliding sleeves. The actuating sleeve is arranged to move in axial direction, for example like a conventional actuating sleeve with a shift fork for actuating the sliding sleeve. For this purpose, the shift fork engages radially on the outer side of the actuating sleeve combined with the sliding sleeve, for example. The actuating sleeve is designed to be located on the radially inner side of the sliding sleeve.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve is in operative connection with at least one coupling mechanism, which comprises at least one slider which can be operatively connected to one of the sliding sleeves by means of the idler/fixed gear in order to non-rotatably connect the idler/fixed gear with the fixed/idler gear. According to an embodiment, one of the sliding sleeves is further provided with a rotational disengagement. If desired, one of the idler gears may be arranged axially between the actuating sleeve and the fixed gear. The fixed gear may also be arranged axially between the actuating sleeve and one of the idler gears.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the coupling mechanism comprises at least one coupling element which is mounted in the slider and which is displaceable between the actuating sleeve and the hub in the central position of the actuating sleeve. The coupling element is designed as a sphere, for example. The coupling element is advantageously used to indicate the third actuation position of the total of three actuation positions between which the actuation sleeve can be moved.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that an actuating sleeve is arranged in the axial direction between the two idler gears, the two sliding sleeves being able to be actuated by means of the actuating sleeve. The term axial refers to the axis of rotation of the shaft. The shaft is for example an output shaft in a transmission. In an exemplary embodiment, the actuating sleeve is advantageously arranged in the axial direction between the running gear of the two idler gears. The actuating sleeve is actuated, for example, via a shift fork. The actuating movement of the actuating sleeve is advantageously transmitted to the sliding sleeve under the action of the running gear in the idler gear or the fixed gear, for example via a corresponding penetration in the idler gear or the fixed gear. Sliding sleeves are used to represent classical synchronization devices. The actuation of a synchronization device through a loose gear is known, for example, from german patent application DE 102004049832 a1, which was originally recognized. In this application, reverse gear is achieved by coupling two idler gears to the output shaft of the transmission. This coupling is actuated by one of the idler gears. In the known actuating devices, the sliding sleeves are firmly coupled to each other. The result of this is that the sliding sleeve on the left, which couples the two idler gears to one another, must be able to move along an actuation path in both actuation directions. As a result, the cross section of one of the idler gears is substantially reduced in the central region. In the actuating device according to the invention, the sliding sleeves are not permanently coupled to one another, contrary to the known prior art. Sliding sleeves, which may also be referred to as shift sleeves or synchronizing sleeves, can be moved in the axial direction independently of one another to a limited extent. This results in an increase in the axial installation space in the case of a reverse circuit. For example, when actuated in a first actuation direction, one of the idler gears is coupled to the other idler gear on the shaft, synchronized if necessary, and then non-rotatably connected. For example, the further idler gear is non-rotatably connected to a fixed gear on the shaft when actuated in the second actuation direction. The rotary decoupling is advantageously arranged between the sliding sleeves.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve is movable between three actuating positions, while the sliding sleeve is movable only between two switching positions. At least one of the sliding sleeves is arranged axially outside the idler gear. According to an embodiment, the two sliding sleeves are preferably arranged axially outside the idler gear. At least one of the sliding sleeves is advantageously arranged to at least partially overlap the associated idler gear in the axial direction. According to an embodiment, the two sliding sleeves may also be arranged to at least partially overlap the assigned idler gear in the axial direction. The actuating positions of the actuating sleeve are preferably a locking position, a central or neutral position, and a coupling position. One of the sliding sleeves is switched between a central or neutral position and a coupling position. The switching positions of the sliding sleeve are preferably an open switching position and a closed switching position.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating device comprises a coupling mechanism with at least two slides assigned to the idler gears, which slides can be actuated via the actuating sleeve to actuate one of the sliding sleeves. The non-rotatable connection to the sliding sleeve can only be realized after a preceding synchronization process. Advantageously, the actuating sleeve is not permanently coupled to the slider in the axial direction. The sliding sleeves can thus be decoupled from one another in a simple manner.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the coupling mechanism comprises at least one coupling element which can be displaced between the slider and the hub in each case in the central position of the actuating sleeve. The coupling element is designed as a sphere, for example. Advantageously, the coupling element is radially displaceable to actuate the sliding sleeve. In the central position or neutral position of the actuating sleeve, the coupling element can advantageously assume a radially inner position or a radially outer position.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve has at least one coupling profile with a ramp, wherein the hub has at least one locking profile with a ramp. The ramp is advantageously arranged at an angle of about forty-five degrees relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft. The ramp reliably prevents the coupling element, which is preferably designed as a ball, from becoming undesirably jammed.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the slider and the actuating sleeve have limit stops which act in the respective closing direction, wherein the coupling element is guided in the slider in the axial and circumferential direction. Axial displacement of the actuating sleeve in the closing direction causes the limit stops between the sliders and the actuating sleeve to contact and move the respective slider. When actuated in the closing direction, the coupling elements are pressed radially outwards via ramps on the locking profile of the hub.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the actuating sleeve is movable in the axial direction between the idler gears along an idle path relative to the hub and the coupling element. In the closed position, the outer profile of the hub holds the coupling element in a radially outer position of the coupling element. The associated slider is coupled with the actuating sleeve in the axial direction via a coupling element. When opening from the closed position, an actuation force acts on the slider via the ramp and the coupling element.

A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the actuating device is characterized in that the two idler gears are coupled to each other in a double idler gear unit. Coupling two idler gears means that the idler gears coupled to each other rotate at the same speed.

Alternatively or additionally, the above object is achieved by a method for actuating at least two idler gears arranged adjacent to each other in an axial direction on a shaft with the above-mentioned actuating device. When the actuating sleeve is actuated from its central or neutral position in the closing direction, the respective coupling element is pressed radially inwards by the ramp of the coupling profile of the actuating sleeve. In a defined position of the sliding sleeve, the inner contour of the actuating sleeve holds the coupling element in a radially inner position of the coupling element. The associated slider is coupled to the hub via a coupling element in the axial direction.

The invention also relates to a transmission having a pair of idler gears assigned the above-mentioned actuating means. The transmission is, for example, a hybrid transmission. In order to reduce the transmission length of the hybrid transmission, it is advantageously provided that the synchronization device of the idler gears connecting the first and second gear planes and the third gear plane of the output shaft is not arranged between the first and second idler gears, but on the double idler gear. The synchronization device is advantageously actuated by means of the idler gear of the second gear plane or of the third gear plane. For this purpose, the actuating sleeve is arranged on the hub of the double idler gear. For example, a conventional actuation fork is engaged in an actuation sleeve for actuation. The actuating sleeve is displaced in the axial direction via the actuating fork. The actuating sleeve is secured against rotation relative to the hub of the double idler gear, but is movable in the axial direction.

Drawings

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a greatly simplified representation of two transmissions, wherein the lower gear in fig. 1 is equipped with an actuating device according to the invention;

fig. 2 to 4 each show a schematic representation of the actuation device of fig. 1 in various actuation or switching positions;

FIG. 5 shows an output shaft of the transmission of FIG. 1 in longitudinal cross-section with a gear arranged on the output shaft and an actuating device;

FIG. 6 shows a first exploded view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 shows a second exploded view of FIG. 5;

figure 8 shows a schematic representation of an actuation device in which the actuation sleeve is combined with a sliding sleeve;

fig. 9 shows the actuating device of fig. 8, wherein the actuating sleeve is displaced to the left in order to actuate a sliding sleeve arranged on the left in fig. 8 via a slider and a plunger; and

fig. 10 shows the actuating device of fig. 7, wherein the actuating sleeve in combination with the sliding sleeve is actuated to the right.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, two transmissions 1, 11 with five gear planes I to V are shown one above the other. The transmission 1 comprises two transmission input shafts 2, 3 and an output shaft 4. The transmission 11 comprises two

transmission input shafts

12, 13 and an output shaft 14.

On the output shaft 14, the two

idler gears

21, 22 of the gear planes II and III are coupled to one another in the double idler gear unit 15. An actuating device 16 with an actuating sleeve 17 is assigned to the double idler gear unit 15. The actuating sleeve 17 may be coupled to the sliding

sleeves

23, 24 via a coupling mechanism 18, the coupling mechanism 18 comprising

slides

19, 20. The sliding sleeve 23 serves to connect the idler gear 27 to the output shaft 14 in a non-rotatable manner or to synchronize the idler gear 27 with the output shaft 14. The sliding sleeve 24 serves to connect the double idler gear unit 15 to the fixed gear 8 or the output shaft 14 in a non-rotatable manner.

According to an important aspect of the invention, the actuating sleeve 17 of the circuit of the idler gear 27 in the gear plane I and the actuating sleeve 17 of the double idler gear 15 of the transmission 1 are moved from the intermediate space between the gear plane I and the gear plane II into the intermediate space between the gear plane II and the gear plane III of the transmission 11, as shown in fig. 1. This results in an increase in the installation space indicated by the

arrows

28, 29 by almost the width of the synchronization device. The respective synchronizer/idler gear coupling is actuated in the transmission 11 by means of the idler gears 21, 22.

In fig. 1, it is also indicated that the sliding sleeve 23 is assigned a sliding sleeve carrier 25 and a coupling body 26. The sliding sleeve carrier 25 is arranged radially inside the sliding sleeve 23. The coupling body 26 is connected to the idler gear 27 in a non-rotatable manner.

The actuating sleeve 17 of the actuating device 16 can assume three actuating positions, which are shown in fig. 2 to 4. The sliding

sleeves

23, 24 of the actuating device 16 can each assume only two switching positions. The slide 19 acts between the sliding sleeve 23 and the actuating sleeve 17. The slider 20 acts between the sliding sleeve 24 and the actuating sleeve 17.

Advantageously, the sliding

sleeves

23, 24 are each assigned a plurality of

slides

19, 20 for coupling to the actuating sleeve 17. Advantageously, the actuating sleeve 17 is not permanently coupled to the

sliders

19, 20 in the axial direction.

In fig. 2 to 4, the example schematically shows the function of the actuating device 16 of the example using a slide 19, the slide 19 serving to synchronize the idler gear 21 of the double idler gear unit 15, as shown on the left in fig. 1, with the idler gear 27.

In fig. 2 to 4, the output shaft (14 in fig. 1) is indicated only by the rotational axis 31 of the output shaft. The coupling mechanism 18 of the actuating device 16 comprises a coupling element 32 designed as a ball.

The coupling element 32 is arranged between the actuating sleeve 17 and a hub 33 on the output shaft. The slide 19 has two

guide surfaces

40, 41 which are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction for guiding the coupling element 32.

Fig. 2 to 4 illustrate that the actuating sleeve 17 of the actuating device 16 can assume three actuating positions. In contrast to this, the slider 19, which is connected to the sliding sleeve (23 in fig. 1) via the groove 30 in the axial direction, can only assume two switching positions.

As can be seen in fig. 2 to 4, the actuating sleeve 17 is secured against rotation relative to the hub 33 of the double idler gear but the actuating sleeve can be axially displaced in the axial direction between the three actuating positions of the actuating sleeve. In fig. 2, the actuating sleeve 17 assumes its left actuating position. In fig. 3, the actuating sleeve 17 assumes its central actuating position. In fig. 4, the actuating sleeve 17 assumes its right actuating position.

As indicated in fig. 3 and 2, the slider 19 is axially displaced to the left in the closing direction when actuated. In a first actuation phase, the ramps 35 of the locking profile 34 of the hub 33 act on the coupling elements 32 and push them radially outwards. The radially outer region of the coupling element 32 projects into the recess of the coupling contour 36 of the actuating sleeve 17 and thus forms a form-fitting connection between the slider 19 and the actuating sleeve 17. Then, in a second actuation phase, the radially outer region of the hub 33 then retains the coupling element 32 in this radially outer position.

When opened, the effective direction of the actuation force on the actuation sleeve 17 is reversed. Thus, the force can no longer be transmitted via the limit stops 38, 39 on the actuating sleeve 17 and the slide 19. When the actuating device 16 is opened, i.e. from fig. 2 to 3, the ramp 37 of the coupling profile 36 of the actuating sleeve 17 comes into contact with the coupling element 32, which in turn transmits the actuating force to the slider 19 and opens the coupling mechanism 18, as shown in fig. 3.

In the central position of the actuating sleeve 17 shown in fig. 3, the coupling element 32 is located on a recess of the locking profile 34. The coupling element 32 is no longer held in a radially outer position and can be moved radially inwards, as can be seen in fig. 3. In this central position of the actuating sleeve 17, the slide 19 is in its right-hand position and cannot move further to the right due to a limit stop not visible in fig. 2 to 4.

If the actuating sleeve 17 is moved further to the right from the central position of the actuating sleeve shown in fig. 3, the coupling elements 32 are displaced radially inwards via the ramps 37 of the coupling profiles 36. As can be seen from the summary of fig. 3 and 4, the coupling element 32 rests with its radially inner region in a recess of the locking profile 34 in the hub 33 and thus locks the slider 19 to the hub 33. In the right-hand end position of the actuating sleeve 17 shown in fig. 4, the inner region of the coupling contour 36 holds the coupling element 32 in a radially inner position thereof.

As an alternative to the embodiment of the coupling mechanism 18 shown in fig. 2 to 4, the direction of movement of the coupling elements can also be in the circumferential direction or a combination of the circumferential direction and the radial direction, i.e. be inclined. The coupling element 32 may also have a different shape, for example cylindrical. The coupling element 32 does not have to be guided radially; the coupling element can also be connected to the slide 19 in an articulated manner and perform a pivoting movement.

Fig. 5 to 7 show in detail different views of the output shaft 14 and the assigned transmission components of the device 11 of fig. 1. On the left side of fig. 5 to 7, an output gear 50 is attached to an end of the output shaft 14. In order to couple the idler gear 27 of the first gear plane (I in fig. 1) or the double idler gear unit (15 in fig. 1) of the gear planes (II and III in fig. 1) with the idler gears 21, 22 to the output shaft 14, separate

idler gear couplings

51, 52 can be used in each case.

The

idler gear couplings

51, 52 comprise separate synchronizing and coupling means. These synchronization and coupling means are arranged axially outside the double idler gear (15 in fig. 1). An idler gear coupling 51 or a synchronization and coupling device shown on the left in fig. 5 couples the idler gear 27 of the gear plane I to the output shaft 14 via the sliding sleeve 23 and the sliding sleeve carrier 20. The right idler gear coupling 52 or the synchronization and coupling device couples the double idler gear unit 15 of the gear planes II and III to the output shaft 14 via the sliding sleeve 24 and the fixed gear 8 of the gear plane IV. The synchronization and coupling means 51, 52 can assume two switching positions, namely an open switching position and a closed switching position.

The output shaft 14 is supported in a housing (not shown) of the transmission by a floating bearing 53 and a fixed bearing 54. The sliding sleeve carrier 25 is connected to the output shaft 14 via splines 55 in a non-rotatable manner. The idler gear coupling 51 includes a synchronizer ring 56.

The sliding ring 57 engages in the groove 30 at the end of the slide 19 on the left in fig. 5. The slip ring 57 is used to indicate a rotational disengagement in the circumferential direction when the speed of the double idler gear 15 differs from the output shaft 14. The sliding ring 57 is connected radially outwards partially to the sliding sleeve 23.

The two

sleeves

69, 71 are arranged radially inside the double idler gear 15. The thrust ring 58 is arranged between the

sleeves

69, 71 in the axial direction. The idler gears 21, 22 of the double idler gear 15 are mounted in the axial direction with respect to the thrust collar 58 via

axial bearings

67, 68.

The idler gear coupling 52 on the right in fig. 5 comprises a coupling device with a coupling body 59. The coupling body 59 interacts with a synchronizer ring 64. The spring element 65 is arranged radially inside the slide 20. A further spring element 66 is arranged radially inside the synchroniser ring 56. The coupling element 70, which is designed as a ball, is assigned to the slide 20 radially inside the actuating sleeve 17.

The fixed gears 8, 9 are connected to the output shaft 14 via

splines

61, 62 in a non-rotatable manner. The splines 73 of the output shaft 14 are intended to be non-rotatably connected with the splines 55 of the sliding sleeve carrier 25. The splines 74 of the output shaft 14 are intended to be non-rotatably connected with the

splines

61, 62 of the fixed gears 8, 9.

For transmitting the actuating movement, the

slides

19, 20 are arranged between the actuating sleeve 17 and the sliding sleeve. Further slides 75, 76 are indicated in fig. 7. The

slides

19, 20, 75, 76 are connected in a form-locking manner in the axial direction to the respective sliding

sleeve

23, 24.

In the idler gear coupling system 51 on the left in fig. 5 to 7, the

slides

19, 76 are rotationally decoupled from the sliding sleeve 23 via the sliding ring 57 and the groove 30 in the slide 19. In the right idler gear coupling system 52, the sliding sleeve 24 rotates synchronously with the double idler gear 15. Thus, no rotating disengagement is required here. In this case, the slider 20 and the slider 75 can also be connected to the sliding sleeve 24 in substance or be integral with the sliding sleeve 24.

The actuating sleeve 17 is not permanently connected to the

slides

19, 20. During actuation, the

respective slide

19, 20 is coupled to the actuation sleeve 17 of the actuation device 16 via a coupling mechanism or coupling mechanism 18. When the actuating sleeve 17 is actuated in the closing direction, limit stops (38, 39 in fig. 2 to 4), indicated by 79, 81, 82, 87, 89 in fig. 5 to 7, act between the actuating sleeve 17 and the

slides

19, 20. Thus, the actuating sleeve 17 is displaced in the axial direction by the

slide

19, 20, 75, 76.

In fig. 7, 78 indicates a locking ring. Limit stops on slide 76 are indicated by 81 and 82. The guide ring is indicated at 84. The guide wings on the guide ring 84 are indicated by 85. The passage in the idler gear 21 for the slide 19 is indicated by 86 in fig. 7. The limit stop of the actuating sleeve 17 is indicated by 87. The locking profiles in the hub 33 are indicated by 88, 89. The limit stop of the actuating sleeve 17 is indicated by 90. The passage in the idler gear 22 for the slide 20 is indicated by 91. In fig. 7, a screw is indicated by 92, which is used to couple the idler gears 21, 22.

The coupling mechanism 18 comprises

coupling elements

32, 70, here in the form of balls, locking

profiles

34, 88, 89 or coupling profiles 36 in the hub 33 and the actuating sleeve 17, respectively, and a guide geometry for the

coupling elements

32, 70 in the

slides

19, 20. The coupling elements are accommodated in guide geometries in the

slides

19, 20.

The guiding geometry in the

slides

19, 20, 75, 76 is designed such that the

coupling elements

32, 70 are guided tightly in the axial and circumferential direction, but can easily be moved in the radial direction. For the

spherical coupling elements

32, 70, the guide geometry is a bore. The radial extension of the

coupling element

32, 70 is greater than the radial thickness of the

slider

19, 20, 75, 76.

The coupling profile 36 or the locking profile 34 in the actuating sleeve 17 or the hub 33 is formed by a recess in the actuating sleeve 17 or the hub 33. The recess is so large that the

coupling element

32, 70 can be partially received in the recess, precisely to the extent that: so that on the side of the

slide

19, 20, 75, 76 facing away from the

respective profile

34, 36, the

coupling element

32, 70 does not project via the

slide

19, 20, 75, 76.

The sides of the coupling or locking

profiles

34, 36 facing the respective synchronizing/coupling means 51, 52 have a ramp-like inclination. A technically significant range of ramp angles is between thirty to seventy degrees, and ideally about fifty to fifty-five degrees, measured relative to the rotational axis 31 of the shaft 14.

In fig. 8 to 10, the actuating means 116 are schematically shown. In the case of the actuating device 116, the actuating sleeve 117 is combined, more precisely integrated, as one part with the sliding sleeve 124. The actuating sleeve 117 combined with the sliding sleeve 124 serves to produce a non-rotatable connection between the output shaft 114 and the idler gear 122 arranged on the right in fig. 8 and 10 by means of the hub 133.

The output shaft 114 is rotatable about a rotation axis 131 together with the hub 133. The sliding sleeve 123 arranged on the left in fig. 8 to 10 serves to produce a non-rotatable connection between the fixed gear 115 arranged on the left in fig. 8 to 10 and the idler gear 121 arranged in the axial direction between the fixed gear 115 and the actuating sleeve 117.

The actuating sleeve 117 of the actuating device 116 in combination with the sliding sleeve 124 is coupled to the sliding sleeve 123 via a coupling mechanism 118. The coupling mechanism 118 is designed such that the actuating sleeve 117 can be moved in the axial direction between three actuating positions, which are shown in fig. 8 to 10. In fig. 8, the actuating sleeve 117 assumes a central position of the actuating sleeve. In fig. 9, the actuating sleeve 117 is actuated to the left, for example by means of a shift fork (not shown). In fig. 10, the actuating sleeve 117 is actuated to the right.

When actuated to the right as shown in fig. 10, the actuating sleeve 117 assumes the function of the sliding sleeve 124. The coupling mechanism 118 comprises a coupling element 132 designed as a ball, the actuating sleeve 117 coupling the slide 119 to the hub 133 via the coupling element 132.

In the central position of the actuating sleeve 117 shown in fig. 8, both

idler gears

121 and 122 are decoupled, that is to say the idler gears 121 and 122 are not connected to the output shaft 114 or the fixed gear 115 in a non-rotatable manner. In the unactuated state, the idler gears 121, 122 are rotatable relative to the output shaft 114 about the rotation axis 131 by means of bearings (not shown).

When actuated to the left as shown in fig. 9, the sliding sleeve 123 is moved to the left via the slider 119 and the plunger 120 in order to couple the idler gear 121 with the fixed gear 115, i.e. to connect the idler gear 121 with the fixed gear 115 in a synchronized and non-rotatable manner. The slide 119 can be of annular design and, in fig. 8 to 10, is arranged on the right of the idler gear 121. The plunger 120 is, for example, designed in the shape of a rod and passes through a corresponding recess in the idler gear 121.

Because the hub 133 and the fixed gear 115 rotate at a different speed than the idler gear 121 before they are synchronized, a rotational disconnect 125 is advantageously provided. The sliding sleeve 123 and the rotary release are designed, for example, in the form of a ring. The fixed gear 115 and the idler gear 121 on the left side may also be reversed. The swivel release 125 may then be omitted. Additionally, the plunger 120 and the slide 119 may then be integrated into one piece.

List of reference numerals

1 Transmission device

2 transmission input shaft

3 Transmission input shaft

4 output shaft

8 fixed gear

9 fixed gear

11 transmission device

12 drive shaft

13 drive shaft

14-shaft, in particular output shaft

15 double-empty-sleeve gear unit

16 actuating device

17 actuating sleeve

18 coupling mechanism

19 sliding member

20 sliding member

21 hollow gear

22 hollow gear

23 sliding sleeve

24 sliding sleeve

25 sliding sleeve carrier

26 coupling body

27 free gear

28 arrow head

29 arrow head

30 groove

31 axis of rotation

32 coupling element or coupling member

33 hub

34 locking profile

35 slope

36 coupling profile

37 slope

38 limit stop

39 limit stop part

40 guide surface

41 guide surface

50 output gear

51 free-running gear coupling

52 free gear coupling

53 floating bearing

54 fixed bearing

55 spline

56 synchronizer ring

57 slip ring

58 thrust ring

59 coupling body

61 spline

62 spline

64 synchronizer ring

65 spring element

66 spring element

67 axial bearing

68 axial bearing

69 Sleeve

70 coupling element

71 Sleeve

73 spline

74 spline

75 sliding part

76 sliding part

77 groove

78 synchronizer ring

79 limiting stop part

81 limit stop part

82 limit stop part

84 guide ring

85 guide wing part

86 penetration part

87 limit stopping part

88 locking profile

89 locking profile

90 spacing backstop portion

91 penetration part

92 screw

114 output shaft

115 fixed gear

116 actuating device

117 actuating sleeve

118 coupling mechanism

119 sliding part

120 plunger

121 hollow gear

122 idler gear

123 sliding sleeve

124 sliding sleeve

125 rotating disconnect

131 axis of rotation

132 coupling mechanism

133 hub

Claims

1. An actuating device (16; 116) for actuating at least two idler gears (21, 22; 121, 122) arranged adjacent to one another in an axial direction on a shaft (14; 114), having at least two sliding sleeves (23, 24; 123, 124), characterized in that the actuating sleeve (17; 117) is movable between three actuating positions, while at least one of the sliding sleeves (23, 24; 123, 124) is movable only between two switching positions, by means of which the two sliding sleeves (23, 24; 123, 124) can be actuated.

2. Actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation sleeve (117) is combined with one of the sliding sleeves (124).

3. Actuation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuation sleeve (17; 117) is operatively connected with at least one coupling mechanism (18; 118) comprising at least one slider (19, 20; 119) which can be operatively connected to one of the sliding sleeves (23, 24; 123) by means of an idler gear (21; 121)/a fixed gear (17) to non-rotatably connect the idler gear (21; 121)/the fixed gear (17) with the fixed gear (115)/the idler gear (22; 27).

4. Actuating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the coupling mechanism (18; 118) comprises at least one coupling element (32; 70; 132) which is mounted in the slider (19; 119) and which is displaceable between the actuating sleeve (17; 117) and a hub (32; 132) in a central position (fig. 3) of the actuating sleeve (17; 117).

5. Actuation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuation sleeve (17) is arranged in the axial direction between the two idler gears (21, 22), by means of which actuation sleeve the two sliding sleeves (23, 24) can be actuated.

6. Actuation device according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuation sleeve (17) is movable between three actuation positions (fig. 2 to 4), whereas the sliding sleeve (23, 24) is movable only between two switching positions (fig. 2, 3).

7. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (16) comprises a coupling mechanism (18) having at least two slides (19, 20; 76) assigned to the idler gears (21, 22), which can be actuated via the actuating sleeve (17) to actuate one of the sliding sleeves (23, 24).

8. Actuation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuation sleeve (17) comprises at least one coupling profile (36) with a ramp (37), wherein the hub (33) comprises at least one locking profile (34) with a ramp (35).

9. Actuating device according to claim 8, characterized in that the slider (19, 20; 76) and the actuating sleeve (17) have limit stops (39, 38) which act in the respective closing direction, wherein the coupling element (32, 70) is guided in the slider (19, 20; 76) in the axial and circumferential direction.

10. Actuation device according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the actuation sleeve (17) is movable in axial direction between the idler gears (21, 22) along an idle path (between fig. 3 and 4) relative to the hub (33) and the coupling element (32, 70).

11. Actuation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two idler gears (21, 22) are coupled to each other in a double idler gear unit (15).

12. Method for actuating at least two idler gears (21, 22) arranged adjacent to one another on a shaft (14) in an axial direction by means of an actuating device (16) according to one of the preceding claims.

13. Transmission (11), the transmission (11) having a pair of idler gears (21, 22) assigned an actuation device (16) according to one of claims 1 to 8.