EP3899114A1 - Gereckte fluorpolymere - Google Patents
Gereckte fluorpolymereInfo
- Publication number
- EP3899114A1 EP3899114A1 EP19818151.3A EP19818151A EP3899114A1 EP 3899114 A1 EP3899114 A1 EP 3899114A1 EP 19818151 A EP19818151 A EP 19818151A EP 3899114 A1 EP3899114 A1 EP 3899114A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- stretching
- drawn
- temperature
- fluoropolymers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D01F6/12—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons from polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/32—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising halogenated hydrocarbons as the major constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
- D02J1/224—Selection or control of the temperature during stretching
Definitions
- the present invention is based on non-perfluorinated drawn filaments
- Fluoropolymers the filaments at a temperature between 70 ° C and the Vicat
- Fiber-reinforced materials are mostly based on the use of glass or carbon fibers in polymers. There is therefore basically the problem of the compatibility of the fibers with the matrix material and thus the problems of bonding between the reinforcing material and the matrix. This is often a particular problem when using thermoplastics as a matrix. Furthermore, these materials are not recyclable, since the separation of the fibers is very complex.
- polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene
- melt spinning process WO 2004/028803 A1
- gel spinning process WO 2010/057982 A1
- Polyolefins can easily be stretched at room temperature, the stretching speed having to be chosen relatively low due to the exothermic nature of the stretching.
- the stretched polyolefins have the disadvantage that they shrink very much after stretching when processed at elevated temperatures and therefore first have to be equilibrated at the desired working temperature.
- stretched polyolefins have very limited mechanical values that limit their use as reinforcing fibers.
- the lack of thermal stability and the lack of compressive strength (cold formability) are disadvantageous.
- DE 60024882 T2 discloses a two-stage stretching process for PVDF fibers for the production of fishing lines. To achieve the optimal mechanical parameters, the fibers are subjected to targeted shrinkage at a temperature of at least 220 ° C for a few seconds.
- WO 2013/190149 A1 discloses ductile fibers of various thermoplastics, preferably polypropylene and polyethylene, as a component of so-called PrePregs. This includes interweaving of thermoplastic fibers with brittle fibers, in particular carbon fibers.
- ductile fibers melts and improves the bond between the matrix and brittle fibers.
- EP 0091766 A2 and DE 2304429 A1 describe stretching of perfluoropolymers. Maximum stretching factors of 4.5 are obtained here; larger stretching tests lead to fiber breakage. Perfluorinated polymers also seem to have better mechanical properties only to a very limited extent as a result of the stretching process; the elastic modulus after stretching is a maximum of 1228 MPa.
- filament means fibers, films or tapes.
- Films in particular are preferably stretched in more than one direction.
- stretching is understood to mean a tensile process which is carried out after the extrusion has been completed by using thermal and mechanical energy.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to produce drawn filaments from fluoropolymers and to provide a harmless, simple and solvent-free process for drawing fluoropolymers.
- the object was achieved by stretched filaments made from non-perfluorinated fluoropolymers, the filaments being cooled after stretching under full tensile load.
- the present invention relates to a process for the production of drawn filaments comprising at least 80% by weight, preferably 85% by weight, more preferably 90% by weight, more preferably 95% by weight and in particular consisting of fluoropolymers, characterized in that
- the filaments have a rectangular cross section, the thickness being less than the width
- the raw filaments are drawn with a stretching factor (RF) greater than or equal to 3 at a stretching temperature between 70 ° C. and the Vicat temperature, which is determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 306: 2004-10 B50,
- the filaments are cooled to below 50 ° C. under full tensile load
- Another object of the invention are drawn filaments made according to the
- Another object of the invention is the use of the drawn filaments according to the invention for the production of composites.
- Another object of the invention is the use of the drawn filaments according to the invention for the production of winding layers.
- An advantage of the drawn filaments according to the invention is that they are at elevated temperature shrink little, so hardly have a relaxation effect.
- the drawn filaments according to the invention have high mechanical stability.
- the mechanical stability is preferably measured in the form of a breaking stress in the direction of stretching.
- the filaments drawn according to the invention have a surprising elasticity at higher drawing factors.
- the drawn filaments according to the invention have high mechanical stability even at elevated temperature.
- Embodiments should be limited. If areas, general formulas or classes of compounds are given below, these should not only include the corresponding areas or groups of compounds that are explicitly listed, but also all sub-areas and sub-groups of compounds that are obtained by removing individual values (areas) or compounds can be. If documents are cited in the context of the present description, their content should completely belong to the disclosure content of the present invention. If percentages are given below, they are, unless otherwise stated, percentages by weight. For compositions, the% data relate to the total composition, unless stated otherwise. If mean values are given below, they are mass averages (weight average) unless otherwise stated. If measurement values are given below, these measurement values were determined at a pressure of 101325 Pa and a temperature of 25 ° C, unless otherwise stated.
- Fluoropolymers can be selected from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), one with the aid of a ter component such as propene,
- Hexafluoropropene, vinyl fluoride or vinylidene fluoride modified ETFE for example EFEP
- E-CTFE ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- Chlorotrifluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer CPT
- tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropene copolymer FEP
- tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer PFA
- copolymers based on vinylidene fluoride which have up to 40% by weight of other monomers, such as trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, ethylene, propene and hexafluoropropene.
- Fluoropolymers of the filaments according to the invention are not perfluorinated polymers.
- the fluoropolymers preferably also have hydrogen as substituents on the carbon, the carbon atoms of the backbone, that is to say the carbon atoms which form the chain of the polymer, are more preferably partially substituted with hydrogen. More preferably, at least 5 mol% of the carbon atoms of the fluoropolymers are substituted with hydrogen, preferably at least 10 mol%, 20 mol%, 30 mol%, 40 mol%, in particular 50 mol%; the corresponding upper limits are preferably 90 mol%, 80 mol%, 70 mol%, 60 mol% and in particular 50 mol%. These contents are particularly preferably based on the carbon atoms of the backbone of the fluoropolymers.
- the fluoropolymers of the filaments according to the invention preferably have branches only on at most 25% of the carbon atoms of the back-bone, branches are carbon-carbon bonds, a back-bone carbon atom to a further carbon atom. More preferably, the fluoropolymers have branches at at most 20%, 15%, 10%, 5% and particularly preferably at no carbon atom of the backbone.
- the fluoropolymers of the filaments according to the invention more preferably have no ether groups.
- Fluoropolymers of the filaments according to the invention are preferably selected from
- PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- ETFE ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- E-CTFE ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- PVDF is particularly preferred.
- the fluoropolymers preferably contain no solvents.
- the fluoropolymers of the filaments according to the invention preferably have a Vicat temperature of at least 80 ° C., more preferably at least 90 ° C., more preferably at least 110 ° C., particularly preferably at least 125 ° C. and particularly preferably at least 140 ° C.
- the Vicat temperature is known to the person skilled in the art, it is preferred according to DIN EN ISO
- a temperature is claimed with an error interval of plus / minus 5 ° C; So for the value 140 ° C the values are 135 ° C to 145 ° C
- the ratio of the width to the thickness of the filaments according to the invention is preferably at least 25 to 1, more preferably at least 50 to 1, more preferably at least 100 to 1, particularly preferably at least 200 to 1, further particularly preferably at least 300 to 1, particularly preferably at least 400 to 1.
- a stretching temperature of from 70 ° C. to the Vicat temperature [° C.] is preferred, more preferably 85 ° C. to 5% below the Vicat temperature [° C.] and particularly preferably 100 ° C. to 10% below
- the filaments according to the invention are preferably greater than or equal to 3 by a stretching factor (RF), more preferably RF greater than or equal to 5, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 10, or greater have been produced by stretching the raw filaments.
- RF stretching factor
- the determination of the stretching factor is familiar to the person skilled in the art. It is preferably determined by determining the length of the raw filament before stretching and of the filament after stretching. The factor is then calculated by dividing the lengths after stretching by those before stretching. The stretching factor is given as a numerical value of 1 and larger, but also as a corresponding percentage value in which the numerical value of 1 then corresponds to 100%.
- the filaments according to the invention preferably have a high elasticity from a stretching factor of 3.0, the elasticity is preferably expressed as a modulus of elasticity.
- the modulus of elasticity of the filaments according to the invention has risen at a stretching factor of 3.0 to less than twice the height compared to the unstretched workpiece, preferably to less than 1.5 times the height.
- the modulus of elasticity increases from a stretching factor (RF) of 3.0 only by up to 150 MPa per change in the stretching factor of 1.0, particularly preferably by up to 120 MPa, particularly preferably by up to 100 MPa.
- RF stretching factor
- the modulus of elasticity increases by a maximum of 150 MPa, by a maximum of 20 MPa and very particularly by a maximum of 100 MPa.
- the filaments according to the invention have preferably been drawn in free space without contact.
- the zone in which the stretching takes place is a zone in which the atmosphere of the
- Environment is heated, e.g. a kind of tube furnace or the space between at least two heated plates.
- the filaments of the invention can be drawn continuously or batchwise.
- Static stretching ie stretching, in which one end of the filament remains at rest at speeds of 10 mm / min up to 200 mm / min, preferably from 20 mm / min up to 100 mm / min, more preferably 30 mm / min to 80 mm, are preferred / min stretched.
- Transport speed preferably in the range from 10 mm / min to 3000 mm / min, preferably from 50 mm / min to 2500 mm / min, more preferably 100 mm / min to 2000 mm / min, more preferably 500 mm / min to 1500 mm / min.
- the speed of the faster running transport unit is calculated using the stretching factors.
- the filaments according to the invention can be drawn by only one drawing operation or by several successive ones. In the latter case, the stretching temperature must be selected higher. Only one stretching process is more preferred.
- the filaments according to the invention are cooled to below 50 ° C. after stretching. This cooling takes place preferably slowly, preferably at least 10 seconds, more preferably at least 20 seconds, further more preferably at least 30 seconds, particularly preferably at least 45 seconds, particularly preferably at least 1 minute.
- the stretched filaments according to the invention preferably have one when heated
- the relaxation temperature is preferably above 25 ° C. and below the melting temperature, preferably below the stretching temperature.
- the filaments according to the invention preferably relax at most 6% with respect to the stretched length, preferably at most 5.5%, more preferably at most 5%, further more preferably at most 4.5% and particularly preferably at most 4%.
- the filaments according to the invention are preferably not relaxed under tensile stress.
- the drawn filaments according to the invention preferably have a length which is greater than 5 times a dimension at right angles to the length; the filaments are preferably so-called endless filaments.
- the length of the filaments is always determined in the pulling direction.
- filament means films or tapes. Films in particular are preferably stretched in more than one direction.
- the filaments preferably do not have a round cross section.
- the individual filaments can be made into bundles; preferred combinations of ribbons are scrims, interweaving such as mats, or mixed forms.
- Scrims can consist of filaments cut to a certain length, as well as of endless filaments in the form of windings around z. B. pipes exist.
- Preferred scrims made of endless filaments according to the invention are wrap-around layers
- Hollow bodies preferably the filaments are tapes. Preferably wound unidirectionally or multi-directionally.
- Multi-directional wrap layers have an angle with respect to the direction of pull of the filaments. This angle is preferably in the range from 5 to 120 °, more preferably from 30 to 90 °, particularly preferably 15 to 80 °.
- these winding layers have a pitch angle with respect to the pipe center. Different winding layers preferably have different pitch angles.
- the winding layers around tubes are preferably designed with respect to the pitch angle so that after a
- no yarns are made from the filaments, yarns preferably being made from several individual filaments by braiding (e.g. braids and cords) or twisting (e.g. cables), in particular no yarns are made from filaments with a round cross-section.
- braiding e.g. braids and cords
- twisting e.g. cables
- no yarns are made from filaments with a round cross-section.
- PVDF Solef® 1006, trademark of Solvay, USA
- PVDF Solef® 6008, trademark of Solvay, USA
- Neoflon® NP-20 trademark of Daikin Industries, Japan
- PVDF Solef 1006 was extruded by means of an extruder (Collin E45M) at a temperature of 260 ° C. and calendered into a tape with a thickness of 650 ⁇ m and a width of 35 mm and cooled to 57 ° C.;
- the take-off speed was 1.4 m / min.
- E 1, * are samples from PVDF Solef 1006;
- E 2 are samples from FEP.
- PVDF Solef 6008
- Cold CE20 Extruder
- the take-off speed was 2.1 m / min.
- Example 1 a An endless test piece according to Example 1 a was made available on a spool, on a continuously working machine (retech drawing) at one
- An endless test piece according to Example 1b was provided on a spool, on a continuously working machine (retech drawing) at one
- the tensile strength was measured in accordance with DIN 527-2: 2012 from the stretched tapes (methods 4 and 5), the thickness resulted from the stretching test and was not changed.
- the results represent the arithmetic mean of 3 test pieces.
- Table 4 Results of the tensile tests according to Example 3b.
- Modulus of elasticity [MPa] 1200 2160 2390 2670 max strength (tension) Om [MPa] 49.6 301 350 370
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18212857.9A EP3670716A1 (de) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Gereckte fluorpolymere |
| PCT/EP2019/085717 WO2020127317A1 (de) | 2018-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Gereckte fluorpolymere |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3899114A1 true EP3899114A1 (de) | 2021-10-27 |
Family
ID=65003084
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18212857.9A Withdrawn EP3670716A1 (de) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Gereckte fluorpolymere |
| EP19818151.3A Withdrawn EP3899114A1 (de) | 2018-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Gereckte fluorpolymere |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18212857.9A Withdrawn EP3670716A1 (de) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Gereckte fluorpolymere |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220064821A1 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3670716A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2022513914A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20210104801A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113272482B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020127317A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3869430A (en) | 1971-08-17 | 1975-03-04 | Du Pont | High modulus, high tenacity poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber |
| US3770711A (en) * | 1972-01-31 | 1973-11-06 | Du Pont | Oriented structures of tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer |
| US4510300A (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1985-04-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Perfluorocarbon copolymer films |
| JPS58219025A (ja) * | 1982-06-01 | 1983-12-20 | イ−・アイ・デユポン・デ・ニモアス・アンド・カンパニ− | フルオルカーボン共重合体フイルム及びその製造方法 |
| US4510301A (en) * | 1982-06-01 | 1985-04-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorocarbon copolymer films |
| US4544721A (en) * | 1983-10-06 | 1985-10-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Chlorotriflouroethylene polymer oriented films |
| JPS60215810A (ja) * | 1984-04-11 | 1985-10-29 | Unitika Ltd | ポリ弗化ビニリデン系モノフイラメントとその製造法 |
| JP2592627B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-06 | 1997-03-19 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | 研磨用糸状成形物およびその製造方法 |
| JPH11124726A (ja) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-05-11 | Unitika Ltd | 低伸度ポリエステル繊維及びその製造法 |
| JP4390944B2 (ja) | 2000-01-18 | 2009-12-24 | 株式会社クレハ | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂モノフィラメント及びその製造方法 |
| JP2002226611A (ja) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-08-14 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 光線透過性に優れたエチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン系及びテトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン系共重合体フィルム |
| US6764762B2 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2004-07-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Lubricated fluoropolymer yarn |
| AR041322A1 (es) | 2002-09-27 | 2005-05-11 | Lankhorst Indutech Bv | Metodo para reforzar un articulo |
| JP2004142305A (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-20 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 積層フィルム |
| CN101072966B (zh) * | 2004-10-20 | 2013-02-13 | 雷西塔佩有限公司 | 用于密封管接头的密封材料和方法,密封材料的制造方法 |
| ATE542933T1 (de) * | 2007-06-14 | 2012-02-15 | Toray Fluorofibers America Inc | Thermisch stabile polyterafluorethylenfaser und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
| WO2010057982A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Gel spun polyethylene fiber |
| US11167503B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2021-11-09 | Katholieke Universiteit Leuven | Hybrid self-reinforced composite material |
| JP6389825B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-05 | 2018-09-12 | ソルベイ スペシャルティ ポリマーズ イタリー エス.ピー.エー. | 熱処理後に改善された熱的および機械的特性を有する溶融加工可能なパーフルオロポリマー |
| CN107236232A (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-10 | 立昌科技(赣州)有限公司 | 一种聚偏氟乙烯树脂聚合物及其制备方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-17 EP EP18212857.9A patent/EP3670716A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-12-17 CN CN201980083251.1A patent/CN113272482B/zh active Active
- 2019-12-17 EP EP19818151.3A patent/EP3899114A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-12-17 WO PCT/EP2019/085717 patent/WO2020127317A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-17 KR KR1020217022144A patent/KR20210104801A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-17 US US17/414,631 patent/US20220064821A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-12-17 JP JP2021534343A patent/JP2022513914A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3670716A1 (de) | 2020-06-24 |
| KR20210104801A (ko) | 2021-08-25 |
| CN113272482A (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
| BR112021011316A2 (pt) | 2021-08-31 |
| JP2022513914A (ja) | 2022-02-09 |
| CN113272482B (zh) | 2025-02-14 |
| WO2020127317A1 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
| US20220064821A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
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