EP3889285B1 - Procédé de fusion d'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome et traitement thermique de celui-ci - Google Patents

Procédé de fusion d'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome et traitement thermique de celui-ci Download PDF

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EP3889285B1
EP3889285B1 EP19889385.1A EP19889385A EP3889285B1 EP 3889285 B1 EP3889285 B1 EP 3889285B1 EP 19889385 A EP19889385 A EP 19889385A EP 3889285 B1 EP3889285 B1 EP 3889285B1
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nitrogen
steel
plastic mold
mold steel
temperature
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EP3889285A4 (fr
EP3889285A1 (fr
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Qiang XIAO
Junhong Li
Xu LUO
Xujiang LIU
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Pangang Group Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd
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Pangang Group Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
    • C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/607—Molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to a high-nitrogen and high-chromium plastic mold steel and a smelting method and a heat treatment method thereof.
  • plastic mold steel 3Cr17NiMo has been developed in China.
  • the steel is developed on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of S136 steel from Sweden and 1.2316 steel from Germany, and is widely applied in the production of PVC and other plastic products with a strong corrosive effect.
  • JP H11 335782 A discloses a plastic mold steel comprising, by weight, C: 0.15 to 0.45%, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, Cr: 13 to 25%, Ni: 4.0% or less, Mo: 3.0% or less, and N: 0.05 to 0.20%, provided that C + N: less than 0.50%, the balance has an alloy composition consisting of unavoidable impurities and Fe.
  • US 2018/0179618 A1 relates to a powder metallurgy wear and corrosion resistance alloy including chemical components by mass percent of: C: 2.36%-3.30%, W: 0.1%-1.0%, Mo: -s1.8%, Cr: 12.6%-18.0%, V: 6.0%-12.5%, Nb: 0.5%-2.1%, Co: 0.1%-0.5%, Si:1.0%, Mn: 0.2%-1.0%, N: 0.05%-0.35%, with balance iron and impurities; wherein a carbide component of the powder metallurgy wear and corrosion resistance alloy is an MX carbide and a M 7 C 3 carbide, wherein the MX carbide has a NaCl type face-centered cubic lattice structure; an M element of the MX carbide comprises V and Nb, and an X element of the MX carbide comprises C and N and a method for preparing the alloy.
  • a carbide component of the powder metallurgy wear and corrosion resistance alloy is an MX carbide and a M 7 C
  • EP 0 688 883 A1 relates to a martensitic heat-resisting steel excellent in HAZ (heat-affected zone)-softening resistance and used in a high temperature and high pressure environment.
  • the steel is produced by adding titanium, zirconium, tantalum and hafnium to a molten steel having the above-specified chemical composition during the period from 10 minutes before the completion of refining to the completion of refining, then casting and working the refined steel, subjecting the worked steel to solution heat-treatment suspending the cooling step at 950 to 1000°C, and holding the steel thus treated at that temperature for 5-60 minutes.
  • JP 2017 150045 A describes a martensitic stainless steel which contains 0.15-0.40 mass% of C, 1.0 mass% or less of Si, 2.0 mass% or less of Mn, 0.60 mass% or less of Ni, 12.0-17.0 mass% of Cr, 2.0 mass% or less of Mo, 0.1-1.5 mass% of Cu and 0.07-0.15 mass% of N.
  • the balance is Fe with inevitable impurities.
  • the present invention is set out in the appended set of claims, wherein the drawings and respective description relate to advantageous embodiments thereof.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a smelting method of the high-nitrogen and high-chromium plastic mold steel.
  • the smelting method comprises the following steps:
  • the step D of the smelting method of the high-nitrogen and high-chromium plastic mold steel further comprises forging or rolling into 180 - 250 mm thick flat steel after casting into ingots.
  • the IF steel is an IF steel billet or IF steel scrap.
  • the smelting temperature is 1630 - 1650°C.
  • the pressure in the furnace is 1 standard atmospheric pressure.
  • the nitrogen blowing time is 10 - 20min.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is a heat treatment method comprising the following steps:
  • the heating rate for heating to 940 - 960°C is 90 - 100°C/h.
  • the cooling rate for cooling to 760 - 780°C is 40 - 50°C/h.
  • the cooling rate for cooling below 500°C is 40 - 50°C/h.
  • the heating rate for heating to 810 - 830°C is 90 - 100°C/h.
  • the heating rate for heating to 1030 - 1060°C is 90 - 100°C/h.
  • the salt bath treatment lasts for 15 - 20min.
  • the tempering at 550 - 650°C lasts for 5 - 8h.
  • the present invention puts forward the design idea of adding N for alloying and reducing the use of Mo, and nitrogen alloying is achieved directly by blowing nitrogen to provide excellent corrosion resistance, together with the heat treatment process of spheroidizing annealing-isothermal quenching-tempering.
  • the high-nitrogen and high-chromium plastic mold steel of the present invention comprises the following chemical components by mass: 0.25 - 0.35% of C, 0.45 - 0.8% of Si, 0.4 - 0.7% of Mn, 16.5 - 17.5% of Cr, 0.1 - 0.3% ofNi, 0.1 - 0.5% of Mo, 0.06 - 0.10% of N, and the rest of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
  • the other impurity elements comprise Al ⁇ 0.02%, P ⁇ 0.025%, S ⁇ 0.005%, O ⁇ 0.003% and H ⁇ 0.0002%.
  • the chemical elements are: C, Si, Mn, Cr, N, Fe, Ni, Al, P, S, O and H.
  • the smelting process mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the heat treatment method of the high-nitrogen and high-chromium plastic mold steel mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the temperature of the flat steel put into the annealing furnace is controlled below 500°C in the step A.
  • the mold steel is heated to 940 - 960°C at a controlled rate of 90 - 100°C/h in the step A.
  • the mold steel is cooled to 760 - 780°C at a controlled cooling rate of 40 - 50°C/h and held for 7 - 10h, and then cooled below 500°C at a cooling rate of 40 - 50°C/h.
  • step A of the present invention the formation of martensite is avoided by speeding up cooling.
  • the temperature of the mold steel put into the heating furnace is controlled below 450°C in the step B.
  • the mold steel is heated to 810 - 830°C at a controlled rate of 90 - 100°C/h and held for 5 - 8h, and then continuously heated to 1030 - 1060°C at a rate of 90 - 100°C/h and held for 1 - 1.5h.
  • the tempering temperature is controlled at 550 - 650°C.
  • users can take the following approaches: spheroidizing annealing in the step A, then processing into the corresponding molds, and isothermal quenching-tempering in the step B; or spheroidizing annealing in the step A, then isothermal quenching-tempering in the step B, and processing into the corresponding molds, based on their own processing capability and requirements for comprehensive mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of finished mold products.
  • Example 1 The components and content of the product prepared in Example 1 are shown in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 Chemical Components ( wt %) C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo N Al P S O H 0.33 0.6 0.65 17.2 0.25 0.2 0.09 0.02 0.021 0.004 0.0028 0.0002

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
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  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
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Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de fusion d'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :
    A. fusion : fusion d'un acier FI dans un four électrique jusqu'à ce que l'acier FI soit complètement fondu ;
    B. Affinage : déversement de l'acier en fusion complètement fondu dans un four LF pour la scorification et l'alliage ;
    C. nitruration : soufflage d'azote pour l'alliage à l'azote ; et
    D. taraudage : taraudage et coulée en lingots après soufflage à l'azote, dans lequel
    la température de commande d'acier en fusion est de 1540 - 1560°C à l'étape D,
    l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome comprend les composants chimiques suivants en masse : 0,25 - 0,35 % de C, 0,45 - 0,8 % de Si, 0,4 - 0,7 % de Mn, 16,5 - 17,5 % de Cr, 0,1 - 0,3 % de Ni, 0,1 - 0,5 % de Mo, 0,06 - 0,10 % de N, et le reste de Fe et d'éléments d'impureté inévitables, et
    les éléments d'impureté comprennent Al ≤0,02%, P ≤0,025%, S ≤0,005%, O ≤0,003% et H ≤0,0002%.
  2. Procédé de fusion de l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape D comprend en outre le forgeage ou le laminage en acier plat d'une épaisseur de 180 à 250 mm après la coulée en lingots.
  3. Procédé de fusion de l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la température de fusion est de 1630 - 1650°C à l'étape A.
  4. Procédé de fusion de l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le temps de soufflage de l'azote est de 10 à 20 min à l'étape C.
  5. Procédé de traitement thermique de l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :
    A. recuit de sphéroïdisation : chauffage de l'acier plat à moins de 500°C obtenu par le procédé de fusion d'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome selon la revendication 2 à 940 - 960°C et maintien 8 - 12 h, puis refroidissement à 760 - 780°C et maintien 7 - 10 h, refroidissement à moins de 500°C, déchargement et refroidissement à l'air jusqu'à température ambiante ;
    B. trempe-trempe isotherme : chauffage de l'acier plat à moins de 450°C obtenu à l'étape A à 810 - 830°C et maintien à 5 - 8 h, puis chauffage à 1030 - 1060°C et maintien à 1 - 1,5 h ; mise en bain de sel de l'acier plat chauffé pour un traitement par bain de sel, extraction de l'acier plat traité pour trempe à 550 - 650°C, déchargement et refroidissement à l'air jusqu'à la température ambiante, dans lequel
    à l'étape B, le bain de sel est constitué de NH4NO2 et de KNO2 qui sont mélangés dans un rapport de masse de 1: 1,5 - 2,0 et la température du bain de sel est de 210 - 230°C.
  6. Procédé de traitement thermique de l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'étape A, au moins l'une des conditions suivantes est satisfaite :
    la vitesse de chauffage pour le chauffage à 940 - 960°C est de 90 - 100°C/h ;
    la température est maintenue entre 940 et 960°C pendant 8 à 12 heures ;
    la vitesse de refroidissement pour le refroidissement à 760 - 780°C est de 40 - 50°C/h ;
    la vitesse de refroidissement pour refroidissement à moins de 500°C est de 40-50°C/h ; et
    la température est maintenue entre 760 et 780°C pendant 7 à 10 heures.
  7. Procédé de traitement thermique de l'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'étape B, au moins l'une des conditions suivantes est satisfaite :
    la vitesse de chauffage pour le chauffage à 810 - 830°C est de 90 - 100°C/h ;
    la température est maintenue entre 810 et 830°C pendant 5 à 8 heures ;
    la vitesse de chauffage pour le chauffage à 1030 - 1060°C est de 90 - 100°C/h ;
    la température est maintenue à 1030 - 1060°C pendant 1 - 1,5h ;
    le bain de sel est constitué de NH4NO2 et de KNO2 qui sont mélangés dans un rapport de masse de 1: 1,5 - 2,0, de préférence dans un rapport de masse de 1: 1,5 ;
    la température du bain de sel est de 210 à 230°C ;
    le traitement par bain de sel dure de 15 à 20 minutes ; et
    la trempe à 550 - 650°C dure de 5 à 8 heures.
EP19889385.1A 2018-11-28 2019-10-12 Procédé de fusion d'acier pour moule plastique à haute teneur en azote et en chrome et traitement thermique de celui-ci Active EP3889285B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811433208.7A CN109266970B (zh) 2018-11-28 2018-11-28 高氮高铬塑料模具钢及其冶炼和热处理方法
PCT/CN2019/110868 WO2020108123A1 (fr) 2018-11-28 2019-10-12 Acier à matrice plastique à teneur en azote élevée et à teneur en chrome élevée, et procédé de fusion et procédé de traitement thermique pour celui-ci

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EP3889285A1 EP3889285A1 (fr) 2021-10-06
EP3889285A4 EP3889285A4 (fr) 2022-07-06
EP3889285B1 true EP3889285B1 (fr) 2024-02-21

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EP (1) EP3889285B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR102597090B1 (fr)
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WO (1) WO2020108123A1 (fr)

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CN114717392B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2023-10-10 江苏大学 一种Dievar钢及其热处理方法
CN115181901B (zh) * 2022-04-07 2023-09-26 燕山大学 一种高强韧硬低温贝氏体热作模具钢及其制备方法
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