Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
  • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
  • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/405—Marking
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
  • C23C14/042—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks using masks
  • C23C14/044—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks using masks using masks to redistribute rather than totally prevent coating, e.g. producing thickness gradient
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
  • C23C14/225—Oblique incidence of vaporised material on substrate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
  • C23C14/54—Controlling or regulating the coating process
  • C23C14/542—Controlling the film thickness or evaporation rate

Definitions

• TITLE PROCESS FOR VACUUM DEPOSITION OF A COATING ON THE FRONT FACE OF A MATERIAL, MATERIAL AND CORRESPONDING SAFETY DOCUMENT
• the present invention relates to a process for the physical deposition under vacuum of a coating comprising at least one material from an evaporation or spraying source, on at least part of a front face of a support.
• banknotes are known in particular in which at least one security element with singular optical effects is inserted, which change according to the angle from which it is viewed. This is the case with an optical interference filter capable of showing variations in color depending on the angle of observation.
• security elements of this kind which include a support in the form of a transparent plastic film on which are successively deposited under vacuum regular layers of essentially metallic and or mineral materials. This results in a visual effect uniform over the entire surface of the element, for a given direction of observation.
• the thickness of the layers is not regular, it can be hoped, for a given direction of observation, to obtain several simultaneous visual effects.
• Document US 2009/0317595 describes a process for manufacturing a multilayer structure, in particular by vacuum deposition of metallic materials in order to achieve perfect or almost perfect levels of identification between two layers and thus generate remarkable visual effects for observers in as part of securing valuable and official printed documents.
• a deposit of material under normal incidence on a first region of a replication layer will have a thickness t0, while a deposit of material on a region having reliefs / hollows on the replication layer will have a thickness t less than tO.
• - US-A-591 1858 which relates to a technique for depositing a coating on optical substrates such as mirrors
• - US-A-6863398 which describes a system which makes it possible to coat the surface of optical components such as lenses;
• the present invention overcomes the drawbacks exposed above. To this end, it proposes a process for the physical deposition under vacuum of a coating comprising at least one material, on at least part of a front face of a support, said material coming from an evaporation or spraying source. , according to which the following steps are implemented:
• said vacuum deposition is carried out by varying the thickness distribution of the material over said part of said front face, namely by gradually varying the thickness deposited, from a central region towards at least one region lateral adjoining said central region, without modifying the position of the source of evaporation or spraying of the material,
• said material is selected from the group consisting of metals, metal oxides, dielectric materials, fluorides, sulfides, semiconductors and combinations of at least two thereof and that l 'use is made of a support in the form of a roll strip, and that is carried out successively to unwind it to expose a unwound section, at said deposit on at least part of said unwound section, to the winding of this and so on.
• this thickness gradient makes it possible to produce a different optical visual effect depending on whether one observes a zone of great thickness up to an area of thinner thickness.
• An exemplary embodiment thus consists in producing a central zone with uniform color change and peripheral zones whose colors are sufficiently close to create a mixture of lines of rainbow type colors. In this case, when you change the viewing angle, the central zone gradually and uniformly changes from one color to another while the peripheral zones each change from one color to the next, which creates an effect of sliding door relative movement.
• an interposed perforated device comprising at least one opening, between said support and said source of evaporation or spraying, at a distance from said flat front face, in such a way that said opening is positioned facing said central region, said source also being situated opposite said opening, on the side opposite to said support;
• said coating consists of at least two superposed layers formed from at least two different materials, and for each of the other layers, said vacuum deposition is carried out either in accordance with said step b), or in the form of a layer of uniform thickness both on said central region and on said contiguous region;
• Said coating consists of a light reflecting layer, a dielectric layer and a light absorbing layer, and said step b) is implemented only for the dielectric layer;
• the thickness distribution of the material is controlled by varying the angle of impact of the material particles on said front face;
• This support is applied, prior to said deposition, against a convex, concave surface, or a surface having convex areas and other concaves;
• the distance between said perforated device and said front face is adjustable and preferably between zero and a few tens of millimeters;
• Said openwork device consists of a screen, a mesh, a mask forming a stencil or a multi-openwork element
• said perforated device is preferably planar
• said openwork device comprises at least one openwork of elongated shape, the largest dimension of said openwork being preferably oriented in the direction of travel of said strip of material in front of said source of evaporation or spraying;
• the present invention also relates to the support obtained by implementing the method according to one of the preceding characteristics, as well as to a security element which consists of or comprises such a support.
• a security document in particular a bank note, characterized in that it comprises on the surface or in its thickness at least one support, respectively at least a fraction of support according to the preceding characteristic.
• the invention also relates to a security document, in particular a bank note, consisting of a substrate made of polymer material, which is formed of the aforementioned support.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an arrangement that can be used to illustrate a principle implemented according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view, in a first direction, of a tool with a convex surface, which can be used in the context of the arrangement of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view, in a second direction, of a tool with a convex surface, which can be used in the context of the arrangement of Figure 1;
• FIG. 4 is an illustration, top view, of a support obtained by implementing the principle used in the context of the invention.
• FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a possible arrangement which allows to implement an openwork device in the context of the invention.
• FIG. 6 is a partial top view of an example of a mask that can be used in the context of Figure 5;
• FIG. 7 is a partial top view of a mask having a particular opening profile
• FIG. 8 is a diagram of an installation which allows to implement a first embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 9 is a diagram of an installation which makes it possible to implement another embodiment of the present invention in an industrial phase.
• the principle of physical deposition under vacuum of a coating makes use of a support 1, visible in particular in FIG. 1, at least part of the front surface 10 of which is smooth, it that is to say, it is devoid of any roughness and / or any relief and / or any hollow such as an engraving.
• a support visible in particular in FIG. 1, at least part of the front surface 10 of which is smooth, it that is to say, it is devoid of any roughness and / or any relief and / or any hollow such as an engraving.
• the surface although it has a certain surface roughness (micro or macroscopic) which could be considered chaotic, was not intentionally modified to constitute a characteristic relief forming a particular effect, a pattern or information intended to be perceived by an observer.
• a material M is deposited under vacuum on the front surface 10 of the support 1 by varying its thickness distribution, that is to say by gradually varying the thickness deposited of this material M, by a region central 11 of the front face 10 in the direction of at least one lateral region contiguous 12 to this central region, without however modifying the relative position of a source 2 of evaporation or spraying of the material relative to the support 1.
• a support 1 which is preferably made up of a transparent film of plastic material, such as for example polyethylene terephthalate or bi-oriented polypropylene.
• plastic material such as for example polyethylene terephthalate or bi-oriented polypropylene.
• Such supports are already commonly used within banknotes in particular to serve as a support for colored metallic deposits or for varying colors.
• other supports provided that they lend themselves to the treatment mentioned here, are entirely conceivable.
• the support 1 is here pressed against a cylinder 3 so that its front face 10 devoid of roughness and / or relief is directed opposite the source 2 of evaporation, that is to say opposite of this cylinder .
• the cylinder 3 has a diameter D.
• the cylinder 3 and the associated support 1 are placed in a vacuum enclosure E and are subjected to a source of evaporation or spraying 2 containing a material M.
• This source 2 advantageously has the form of a crucible and receives a material which is selected from the group consisting of metals, metal oxides, dielectric materials, fluorides, sulfides, semiconductors and / or combinations of at least two of these.
• oxides Si0 2 , Ta 2 0 5 , Nb 2 0 5 , Zr0 2 can be used, such as ZnS or YF. Still other materials are possible such as metals having a high coefficient of reflection in the visible (Al, Ag, Au, Cu for example).
• the distance d which separates the crucible 2 from the axis of the cylinder 3 is very large with regard to the diameter D of this cylinder.
• the distance d is of the order of 600 mm, while the diameter D of the cylinder 3 is from a few millimeters to a few tens of millimeters.
• the material which escapes from the crucible 2 due to evaporation / spraying is emitted in a generally unique direction, that is to say at a single angle relative to the normal of the plate which carries the cylinder 3 .
• FIG 4 there is shown the visual effects given by a support 1 of polyethylene which has been treated according to the methodology described with reference to Figure 1 with the thin layers mentioned above in the case of cylinders 3 of diameters of 15 and 30 mm.
• the color gradient occurs in a single direction which is normal to the axis of the cylinder 3.
• the thickness is constant for a given distance to the center of the cylinder.
• the effect of "sliding door" is clearly visible whatever the size of the cylinders considered. We will preferably choose a diameter at least greater than 2 mm so that the resulting visual effect is easily visible. In addition, the effect is only visually dynamic when the structure is tilted around the axis of the gradient.
• the coating R which it is proposed to manufacture consists of a light reflecting layer, a dielectric layer and a light absorbing layer
• the method described above only for the dielectric layer, while for the other layers, a layer of uniform thickness is deposited.
• a support 1 of the same type as the previous one is used and it is positioned so that its front face 10 is flat.
• the support 1 is supported on an element 4 on which it is positioned statically or else at a controlled running speed (continuous, variable or step by step).
• a flat perforated device 5 is positioned which has at least one opening 50 between the support 1 and the evaporation / spraying source 2, this positioning being carried out at a distance from the flat front face of the support 1 so that said opening 50 is positioned opposite a central region of the front face 10.
• a mask forming a stencil is used here as plane perforated device 5 in which slots 50 of different widths have been previously formed.
• the perforated device 5 is in direct contact with the support 1 scrolling step by step with a variable pitch in the direction of travel, then it is possible to treat the support 1 with controlled and differentiated thicknesses of material M in the direction transverse to the openings 50.
• openings 50 have an immediately recognizable shape on the support 1.
• FIG. 7 is represented partially a mask 5, the opening 51 of which is sinuous along a contour referenced 510.
• any other openwork device 5 can be used.
• FIGS. 8 and 9 The different variants which have just been described also lend themselves to industrial manufacture which is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9.
• the support 1 is made to unwind between two cylinders 6, one being a reel or “unwinder” and the other collector or “rewinder”, against a treatment cylinder 3 which, itself , is placed opposite a crucible 2.
• This cylinder 3, idle in rotation on itself, has an axis parallel to those of the cylinders 6.
• the treatment cylinder 3 has an irregular surface and in particular a variable radius along its axis and the support 1 at least partially matches the surface of the treatment cylinder 3.
• the support 1 is therefore located in the transverse direction, that is to say that is to say in the plane of the support in the direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, at a variable distance from the source 2. This variation in distance makes it possible to create in the cross direction of the support 1 a thickness gradient of the material deposited.
• the unwinding is preferably carried out at continuous speed, that is to say constant.
• the support 1 is unwound / wound on two cylinders 6, with an intermediate zone which is placed opposite a mask forming a stencil 5.
• the mask 5 is placed at a distance (which can be adjusted as desired) from the support 1 and from the source 2.
• the openings 50 of the mask 5 have an elongated shape such as that shown in FIG. 6, it will be preferred to position this mask so that the openings 50 are oriented parallel to the direction of travel of the support 1, so as to obtain, at the end of treatment, a support 1 whose aforementioned "sliding door” effect is directed transversely (thickness gradient of the deposited material oriented in the transverse direction of the support 1).
• the running speed of the support 1 can be continuous. It can also be differentiated (acceleration / deceleration) or step by step, so as to also obtain a thickness gradient of the deposited material oriented in the running direction of the support 1, that is to say in the running direction. .
• an additional means of controlling deposits can consist of acting closer to the source of emission of the materials, for example by momentarily blocking and in a controlled manner the flow of these the latter by a diaphragm / shutter which forms a screen, this being valid for all the variants exposed.
• a diaphragm / shutter 5 replaces the mask 5 so as to expose the support 1 to the deposition of said coating discontinuously over time. This also gives a thickness gradient of the deposited material.
• a device similar to that shown in Figure 9 is used without the mask 5.
• a section of the strip constituting the support 1 is exposed to the source 2 to deposit the coating and the course of the support 1 is performed step by step or with differentiated speeds (acceleration / deceleration). One thus exposes little by little different zones (sections) of the support 1.
• the step-by-step or with differentiated speeds makes it possible to create a thickness gradient in the "running" direction, that is to say in the direction of travel of said strip of material in front of said source 2.
• the support 1 can be cut into different fractions, which are advantageously incorporated into security documents, in particular banknotes.
• fractions which constitute as many security elements, can be integrated into a window in a document of value and / or security, be integrated on the surface of such a document, form a film for closing a window. of such a document, etc.
• Said security and / or value document is preferably a banknote.
• a support 1 obtained in accordance with the method according to the invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Finance (AREA)
• Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=66218208

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2018
  • 2018-11-29 FR FR1872035A patent/FR3089234B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-11-28 WO PCT/EP2019/082927 patent/WO2020109475A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-11-28 CA CA3121414A patent/CA3121414A1/fr active Pending
  • 2019-11-28 EP EP19842745.2A patent/EP3887561A1/de active Pending
  • 2019-11-28 US US17/297,138 patent/US20220009269A1/en active Pending

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